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More
Grarnrnar
?ractlce
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Contents
PMCTICE
1 :
Forms
of
the
Simple
Present
Tense
PRACTICE
2:
Negative
Statements
with
the
Simple
Present
Tense
PMCTICE
3: Q.uestions
with
the
Simple
Present
Tense
PRACTICE
rt:
Uses
of
the
Simple
Present
Tense
PMCTICE
5:
Frequency
Words
and
Position of Frequenry Words
pRACTICE
:
Contrasting
the
Simple
Present
and
the
Present
Continuous
Tenses
PMCTICE
7:
Nonaction
Verbs
pRACTICE
g:
Q.uestions
with
the
Simple
Present
and
the
Present
Continuous
Tenses
PRACTICE
9:
The
Future
Tense
withWll
PRACTICE
lO:
The
Future
Tense
withBe
GoingTb
PRACTICE
I l:
Willversvs
Be
GoingTo
PRACTICE
12:
Simple
Past
Tense
of Regular
Verbs
PRACTICE
13:
Simple
PastTense
of
IrregularVerbs
PRACTIE
14:
Negatives
and
Questions
with
the
Simple
Past
Tense
PRACTICE
l5:
Subiect and
Object Pronouns
PMCTICE
l:
Possessive
Forms
of
Nouns
PRACTICE
l7: Q.uestions
wit'.ll/hose
PMCTICE
| 8:
Possessive
Adjectives
and
Pronouns
PRACTICE
19: Q.uestions
about
the
Subject
PRACTICE
2O:
Forms
and
Uses
of Reflexive
Pronouns
PMCTICE
21:
Noun
Plurals
PRACTICE
22:
Using
the
Singular
and
Plural
for
Generalizations
PRACTICE
23:
Noncount
Nouns
PRACTICE
21: Quantities
with
Noncount
Nouns
PRACTTCE
25:
Thete +
aForm
of
Be
PRATICE
2:
Sonre,
Any,
A,
No,
A
Little,
A Few,
and
Set'eral
PRACTICE
27:
A Lot
of,
Much,
and
ManY
PRACTICE2S:
Adiectives
PRACTICE
29:
Noun
Modifiers
PRACTICE
30:
Adverbs
of
Manner
PRACTICE
3l
:
Adiectives
versus
Adverbs
PMCTICE
32:
Too
andEnougJr
PRACTICE
33:
Too
andVerY
PRACTICE
34:
For,In,
During
BY,
and
Ago
PRACTICE
35:
The
Past
Continuous
Tense
4
6
8
10
t2
l4
76
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
T
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PRACTICE
3:
PRACTICE
37:
PRACTICE
38:
PRACTICE
39:
PRACTICE
40:
PRACTICE
4I:
PRACTICE
42:
PRACTICE
43:
PRACTICE
44:
PRACTICE
45:
PRACTICE
4:
PRACTICE
47:
PRACTICE
48:
PRACTICE
49:
PRACTICE
50:
PRACTICE
5I:
PRACTICE
52:
PRACTICE
53:
PRACTICE
54:
PRACTICE
55:
PRACTICE
5:
PRACTICE
57:
PRACTICE
58:
PRACTICE
59:
PRACTICE O:
PRACTICE
I
:
PRACTICE
2:
PRACTICE
3:
PRACTICE
4:
PRACTICE
5:
PRACTICE
:
PRACTICE
7:
PRACTICE
8:
PRCTICE
9:
PRACTICE
70:
Uses
of the
Past
Continuous
Tense
Was
/ Were
GoingTo
Overview
of
Modals
and
Related Expressions
Statements
and
Questions
with
Modals
Must,
Hate
To,
Have Got
To,
and
Be
Suryosed
To
Can,
Could,
May,
Be
Able
To,
Be
Permitted
Tb, and
Be
Allowed
To
Should
and
Had
Better
Negatives
of
Modals
and
Related Expressions
Will, May,
and
Mght
Using
Modals
for Politeness
Overview
of the
Present
Perfect
Tense
Statements
and
Questions
with
the
Present
Perfect
Tense
Continuation
from Past
to
Present
Tense
The
Simple
Present versus
the Present
Perfect
Tenses
The
Present Perfect
Continuous
Tense
The Present
Perfect
Tense
with Indefinite
Time
in
the
Past
Overview
of Gerunds
Overview
of Infinitives
Infinitives
as Subjects
Infinitives
after
Adiectives
Infinitives
after Verbs
Gerunds
or
Infinitives
after
Verbs
Infinitives
to Show
Purpose
Overview
of
Adjective
Clauses
Relative
Pronouns
as
Subiects
Relative Pronouns
as
Objects
Comparative
and Superlative
Forms
Superlatives
Equality
and
Difference
with Nouns
and
Adjectives
Overview
of the
Passive Voice
Forms
and
Tenses
of the
Passive
Voice
Classiffing
or
ldentifying
the
Subject
with
the Indefinite
Article
Introducing
a
Noun
with the Indefinite
Article
The
Definite
Article
Indefinite
Pronouns
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
lo4
106
108
110
tt2
tt4
176
lt8
r20
122
124
126
128
130
r32
134
r36
138
140
142
3
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Forms
of the
Simple Present
Tense
BASE
FORM
-S
FORM
q)
Q
t\)
t-.
+J
E
q)
o
q)
k
F{
a
s
(h
o
+
l+{
o
(,)
F
S{
o
t{
I love
animals.
We love
animals.
\ou\ove
arirma\s.
My
children
love
animals.
They love animals.
My
mother
loves
children.
My
father loves children.
)y
t
aniy\ove
s
c\i,hren.
My dog loves
children.
Everyone
loves
children.
LANGUAGE NOTES:
1.
Use
the
-s
form
after he,
she,
it,
singular
nouns,
eue?Uone, euerybod,E, euet'ythittg,
sorneolte,
somebodg, someth'ittg, no one, nobodg,
nothing,
orfami,lg.
2. Add
--es
to
verbs that
end
in
s,
s/a,
tch,
ch, fi, or
z:
wash
--->
washes, touch
---->
touches.
3.
Drop
the
-y
and
add,-i,es
to
most verbs that
end
in
g.'
try
----->
tri.es, cantry
--->
cerries.
4. Use
the
base
form after
d
?Jo'u.,
?De, they,
and
plural
nouns.
5.
Three
verbs
have an
irregular
-s
form:
hq,ue
------>
has,
eo
------>
qoes, d,o
------>
does. The
verb
be
has
three
forms
in
the simple
present
tense:
(I)
am;
(you,
u,te,
t,heg)
ctre;
and
(he,
she, i,t)
i,s.
Fill in
the blanks
with
the correct form
of the
underlined
word.
Example:
I
work
in
an
office.
My wife
worke
in a hospital.
1. We write
the
answers
in the
workbook.
The
teacher
questions.
the
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
\4.
I wash
the
vegetables. My cousin
My
husband
speaks Spanish.
I
I study the newspaper.
My sister
You
eat a lot
of
meat.
I
She cleans the
kitchen.
He
I
enjoy
my
job.
My
friend
He
lives
alone.
I
I
gq
to the bank every
morning.
My
husband
My
teacher likes the
city. I
The
bus
driver
has a nice smile.
You
We
gq
to
the
superrnarket on Saturday.
He
You
walk
2
miles to school.
They
Eggs
break easily.
A
glass
the dishes.
Spanish
too.
her schoolbooks.
a lot of
meat
too.
the
garage.
his
job
too.
with
my family.
to the restaurant.
the city too.
a
nice
smile
too.
on
Thursday night.
I mile
to
school.
easily
too.
4
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4.
she
/
does
/walk
to
work
/
not
5. not
/
put
sugar
/
in
her
/
does
/
my mother
/
tea
6. rains
/
every weekend
/
doesn't
/
it
Use
a
negative
verb
t0 complete
the
answer
to
each
of
the following
questions.
Example:
Why
does
he walk
to
lvork
every
day?
Because
he
(not
/
har-e)
doeen't have
2.
1.
Join
me
for
a cup
of
coffeel)
Why
don't
they laugh
ar
nn'
jokes?
coffee.
o
thanks, I
(not
/
drink)
They
(not
/
like)
your
sense
of humor.
You
look
tired. Are
yor.r
oka't)
I
(not
/
feel)
very
well.
I
think I'll
go
lie
down.
4.
Who
is
that
guy
driring
tire lecl
car?
Sorry,I
(not/knou')
who
he
is.
5. Why
doesn't
M
He
(not
/
feel)
iguel
conre
to the restaurant
with
us?
well.
Can
I
borrow her
pen.)
Sorry, she
(not
/
have)
q)
(n
EI
+
sl
t{
0)
rt
()
*{
F{
o
r-{
g
.g
ra
{
r-l
{-
A
{r
.F
rh
+
sl
0)
q)
+
r
'1.
U)
0)
. l
+
(
00
o
z
a
pen.
7
ractice
2
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-
uestions
with
the
Simple
Present
Tense
TTIH-
WORD
DO
/
DOES
DON'T
/
DOESN'T
SUBIECT
SHORT
COMPTEMENT
ANSWER
ERB
o
ch
?1
H
6)
H
+
?a
x
q)
U)
o
ti
F.{
a)
g
H
.F{
V,
0)
tl
+a
?1
+
cA
o
+
o
()
o
What
kind
of
dog
whv
Does
does
doesn't
My
friend
She
she
she
she
has
doesn't
have
have
have?
have
a
dog.
a
cat.
a
Labrador?
a
cat?
No,
she
doesn't.
ilRearrange-thefollowingw0rdStomakequeSti0nS.Putaquestionmarkatthe
end
ofeach
question,
l.
you
/
your
lunch
/
buy
lwhere
/
do
2.
ask
/
do
/
so
many
questions
/
chiidren
/
whv
3.
do
/
this
word
/
you
/
how
/
pronounce
4.
money
/we
/where
/
change
/
do
5.
how
often
/
her
e-mail
/
check
/
does
/
she
6.
the
children
/what
flavor
/want
/
do
7
.
does
/
how
much
/
cost
/
this
computer
8.
need/who/to
speak
to
/youl
do
9.
he
/languages
/
does
/
how
many/
speak
10.
open/
do
/the
banks
/when
I
Practice
3
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Gt(.'irclethecorrecttl-ordtocompleteeachsentence.
Example:
Does,/
Do
he
like
pizzafor
lunch?
I .
\ 'here
/
What
do
you
keep
the
milk?
2.
When
does
/
do
he
eat
his
dinner?
3.
Why
don't
/
doesn't
you
like
your
food?
4.
Does
/
Do
the
baby
use
a spoon
or a fork?
5.
Where
/What
do
they
want
to
go?
6.
Where
do
they
goes
/
go
for
vacation?
7.
Do
the
children
wants
/want
to
play
now?
8.
Where
do
/
doqs
they
take
vacation?
wrsF@lwlftWffi
Example:
She
goes
to
the
bank
ol.r
Monday.
Doee
Ehe
0o
Lo
Lhe
bank
on Monday?
1.
They
pay
the rent
every
month.
Write
ayes
/no
question
for
each
sentence,
Give
a
short
affirmative
0r
negative
answer.
o
v,
FI
ts{
,q)
F
+
q)
rh
o
k
F{
q)
g.
E
v)
q)
FI
ts{
+
?1
+
'
f)
E
o
Fa
*
(a
o
5
o
o,
No,
Yes,
No,
No,
Yes,
No,
she
doesn't.
2.
People
shake
hands
to
say
hello.
3.
She
adds
salt
to
all
her
food.
4.
The
car
costs
a
lot
of
money.
5.
He
talks
to
his
friencl
on
the
phone
every
night.
6.
Children
like
the
flavor
of
spinach.
I
ractice
3
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LIses
of
the
Simple
Present
Tense
EXAMPLE
USES
OF
THE
SIMPLE
PRESENT
TENSE
The
sun rises
in
the
east.
To
state
afact
Marianne
comes
from
the
United
States.
To
show
one's
country,
city,
or
place
of
origin
a
U)
g
H
I
+
EI
c)
o
q)
k
F{
q)
g
Fl
(t)
q)
?l
l
+
q
o
rh
o
tt
tJ
We
get
up
around
6:00
a.m.
and
go
to
bed
around
midnight.
To
show
a
regular
activifi
a
habit,
or a
custom
underline
the
simple
present
tense
verb
in
each
sentence.
Then
witefact,
ori'gi,n,
or
custom
beside
each
sentence,
depending
on
the
use
of
the
verb.
Example:
Anna
comes
from
Canacla.
oflqtn
ftffirffi
The
earth
circles
the
sun.
I
send e-rnail
every
day.
Fish
come
from
lakes
and
oceans.
Fruit
grows
on
trees.
She
gets
up
at
6:00.
Sl-re
drinks
water
every
day.
Elena
comes
from
Russia.
The
magazine
comes
once
a month.
Paper
comes
from
tr.ees.
You
exercise
daily.
I
go
out
to
eat
every
Saturday.
I
speak
to my
mother
every
day.
Eggs
are
from
chickens.
The
moon
is
easy
to
see
at
night.
The
students
are
from
Morocco.
He
cleans
his
apartment
on Friday.
Pollution
is
from
cars.
My
mother
comes
from
Spain.
1.
2.
3.
A
+.
o.
7.
B.
9.
10.
11.
72.
I .t.
15.
16.
17.
18.
|
0
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7.
He
stays up
very
late the
night
before an
exam.
(generally)
8.
The
mail
comes
in
the
afternoon.
(usually)
Unscramble
the
words
to
write correct statements
and
questions.
If
a
question
mark is provided,
make
the sentence
a
question.
1.
usually
I
eat
la
big breakfast
/
I
I
usuallv eaL
a bia breakfaet
o
ro
k
o
F
t\
()
p
t'
q)
lr
f{
t+{
o
tr
o
+
'6
o
n{
16
r
o
'o
l.{
o
B
'
o
5
CT
q)
lr
f{
2.
check
I
you
I
how
often/yourvoicemail/
do
3.
in
the
evenings
/
hardly ever
/my
roommates
/
at
home
/
are
4. he
/
out of town
on
weekends
/
goes
/
usually
5. the
population
of the
world
/
how often
/
double
/
in
size
/
does
6.
late
/
sometimes
/
is
/
this
bus
ffi,.fi,ilffi't
Use
a
frequencyword in
your
answer to
each
of
these
questions.
Example:
How often
do
you
drink
soda?
leeldom
drink soda,
1. Do
you
ever
go
to
the beach
in
December?
2. How
often
do
your
friends
call
you?
3. Is the weather here
ever cloudv?
l3
ractice
5
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Contrasting
the
and
the
Pre-sent
Simple
Present
Conlinuous
Tenses
SIMPLE
PRESENT
FORM
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
FORM
She
sometimes
wears
a
dress.
She
doesn't
wear
shorts.
Does
she
ever
wear
a
bathing
suit?
No,
she
doesn't.
How
often
does
she
wear
a
dress?
Why
doesn't
she
ever
wear
a
bathing
suit?
She's
wearing
sunglasses
now.
She
isn't
wearing
shorts.
Is
she
wearing
a
Ashirt?
No,
she
isn't.
What
is
she
wearing?
Why
isn't
she
wearing
shoes?
SIMPLE
PRESENT
TENSE
EXPTANATION
t,t
q)
U)
?1
F
(a
5
o
H
J
g
.F{
+
tr
o
U
+
si
q)
(,l
q)
.{
p{
o
?1
Fl
+
'o
c
.
+
q)
(n
o
ti
F{
q)
s
E
Fl
(t)
q)
?1
{
+
u0
.Fl
+
o
f
H
+
o
U
Plants
need
water
in
order
to
ve.
We
do
our
homework
in
the
evening.
People
cook rice in
a
variety
of
ways.
Use
the
simple present
tense
to
talk
about
a
general
truth,
a habitual
activity,
or
a
custom.
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
TENSE
EXPLANATION
They
are
studying.
I'm
using
a
grammar
workbook
in
my
English
class
this
term.
Use
the
present
continuous
tense
for
an
action
that
is
in
progress
at
this
moment
or
for
a
longer
action
that
is
in
progress
at
this
general
time.
MF+61ffiWffi
Circle
all of
the
simple
present
verbs.
Underline
all
of
the
present
continuous
verbs.
Example:
My
sister6siDme
on
Monday.
Today
she
is
visiting
friends.
A'
(1)
Mv
older
brother
works
as
a
reporter
for
the
largest
newspaper
in
my
country.
(2)
He
writes
about
international
news.
(3)
It
is
a
good
job.
(a)
He
and
his
family
move
to
a new
country
every
year.
(5)
Right
now
they're
living
in
Jerusalem.
(6)
His
wife
and
children
are
learning
Arabic
and
Hebrew,
(7)
but
my
brother
knows
these
languages
already.
(g)
He
speaks
four
languages'
(9)
He
is
learning
to
speak
spanish
(10)
because
he
wants
to
travel
in
south
America.
B'
(1)
Mv
younger
brother
is
a
student.
(2)
He's
studying
business
at
our
national
university.
(3)
He
works
at
a
couple
of
part-time jobs
during
the
school
year.
(4)
He
likes
to
try
different
jobs'
(5)
Right
now
he's
waiting
tables
at
a
restaurant
in
the
evenings.
(6)
Also,
he
is
managing
a
car
wash
on
the
weekends.
l4
Practice
6
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EEMU
Examples:
\\rite
the
co*ect
form
of
the
verb
in
each
sentence.
choose
the
simple
present
or
the
present
continuous
verb
tense.
She
(Iike)
likee
to
watch
TV
at
night.
].
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
We
(sit)
He
(sleep)
She (type)
He
(talk)
ietalkina
on
the
phone
right
now.
right
now.
Please
call
back
later.
all
of
her
letters.
in
the
best
seats
for
this
concert.
all
the
time.
Please
be
quiet
I
(watch)
a
good
moe.
Mymother
and
I
(shop)
at
the
mall
each
month.
They
(sing)
at
the
concert
today.
It
(rain)
right
now.
Brian
(play)
soccer
with
Joe
on
Ttresdav.
Susan
(wash)
You (tatk)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
74.
A:
Yes,
B:
A:
Elaine
B:
her
hair
every
morning.
Fill
in
the
correct
missing
w'rd
f'r
each
sratement
0r
questi'n
in
the
cOnversation.
working
on
the
English
homework.
she
need
help
with
grammar?
does.
she
having problems
with
the
simple
present
tense?
isn't.
wants to
work
on
reading.
the
reading
difficult?
using
the
dictionary
right
now.
you
uant
me
to
help
her?
.
Thank
you.
A:
No,
A:
B:
A:
Yes,
A:
She
B:
A:
Yes,I
B:
No
problem.
I
A:
Do
B:
No,
happy
to
help
Elaine
any
time.
want
me
to
tutor
her
every
Thursday?
don't.
She
usually swims
on Thursdays.
Practice
6
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Nonaction
Verbs
ACTION
VERBS
NONACTION
VERBS
(,)
L.
?1
H
o
+
(J
r
.l
o
z
Carmen
is living in
Osaka,
Japan, this
year.
She
is studying
Japanese.
She
likes
her new
life.
She
doesn't understand
much
yet.
She hears
some
of
the
words
clearlv.
LANGUAGE
NOTES:
1.
We do
not usually
use the
present
continuous tense with
certain
verbs
called
nonqction
uezs.
These
verbs
describe
a state
or
a
condition, not
an
action.
We
use
the simple
present
tense, even when we
talk
about
now.
2.
Some
nonaction verbs
are
the
following:
be hear mean
see
seem
think
understand
want
believe
know
care
like
owrr
cost love
prefer
have matter rernember
3.
Tfuink, ha'ue,
and the
sense
perception
verbs
(look,
taste,Jeel,,
smell)
can be
both action
and
nonaction
verbs,
but the
meaning
is
different.
Underline
20 nonaction verbs in the following
diary
entry.
Some
of the
verbs
will
be
used
more
than one
time.
Example: I
have many
letters
to
write.
Dear
Diary,
I
think I really like my
life
in Japan
I
like
my host
parents,
Mr. and Mrs. Yamada. They
are
very
kind to
me, and they care
for
me
like
a claughter. I
like
my room, and I love
the
house.
I'm
practicing
the Japanese language, but
I
don't
yet
understand what
people
are saying
in
conversations,
and
I often
need
my dictionary. i look for
many
words
every day.
Sometimes
I
understand the
words,
but
I
don't
know what
they
mean.
When
Mrs.
Yamada
suggests that we
do
something together,
I
wonder,
"Does
she
want
me
to
do it?"
Everything
seems
so
confusing.
I
need
help Sometimes
I
prefer
to
stay
in my room
because
that
seems easy. But
I
believe hard
work
rnatters most.
Carmen
l6 Practice
7
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Choose
the
correct
tense
from
each
set
ofunderlined
verbs.
Example:
He
is
wanting/t6anDto
meet
famous
movie
stars.
Dear
Diary,
Life
(1)
is
getting
/
gets
better here
in
Osaka.
My
Japanese
(2)
is
improving
/
improves
every
day.
I
(3)
have
/
am
liar-iug
two
new
friends,
Erika
and
Satoko,
ancl
they
(4)
are helping
/
heb
ure xith
my
language
and
culture
questions.
I
(5)
am wanting
/
want
to
invite
them to visit
rtte
rvhen
I
get
home
to
Texas.
They
(6)
are
seeming
/
seem
easy
to
talk
with,
and
they
both
(7)
are
hang
/
have
a
great
sense
of humor.
I
(8)
anl
liking
/
like
to
go
shopping.
Every'thing (9)
is
costing
/
costs
more
here,
so I
usually
just
(10)
am
looking
/
look
at
the
shop
windows.
I
(1
l)
am
hearing
/
hear
a
lot
of
Japauese
conversations
when
I
am
in
the
shops,
and
I
(12)
am
understanding
/
understand
about
40
percent
of
them.
I'm
a little
shy,
and I
(13)
am
preferring
/
prefer
just
to listen
and
not
to
speak
right
now.
Erika
and Satoko
sometimes
(14)
are
going
/
go
with
me
and
(15)
are
translating
/
translate
fbr
me.
I
(16)
am
having
/
have
a
good
time
here.
Carmen
Write
a diary
entry
of
your
own.
Write about
your
own
life
and
the
things
thatare happening
to
you
now.
Use nonaction
verbs.
(n
rO
k
.q)
o
.Ff
+
u
(
o
z
17
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i'rrr'r
' ''"-'''
th"
Future
Tense
with
witt
f
EXAMPTE
EXPLANATION
s
H
?1
+
B
C)
o
q)
l{
R
+
FI
I{
q)
F4
F
People
will
live
longer
in
the future.
They
will
need
help
from
their
children.
I'll
be
75
years
old
in
20b0.
You'll
take
care
ofyour
parents.
The
population
will
not
go
down.
I
won't
live
with
my
children.
We
use
ui,ll
+
the
base
form
of
the
verb
to
make
the
future
tense.
We
can
contract
witLvnththe
subject
pronouns:
I'IL,
you'll,
he,ll,
she,LL,
,it,II,
zae,L,
they'LL.
To
form
the
negative, put
not
after
ui..
The
contraction
for
uti,Il
not
is
tuon,t.
QUESTION
FORM
SHORT
ANSWER
Will
she
live
with
her
son?
Where
will
she
live?
Whywon't
she
live
alone?
Yes,
she
will.
or No,
she
won't.
@e@tr
Use
the
contraction
of
wi,tl
('It)
wrththe
subject
pronouns
or
u)ilt
not
(won
t)
to
complete
each
statement.
Example:
(I
/
not
/
get
on;
I
won't
qer
c.tj
the
bus
at
7:30
a.m.
l.
2.
J.
4.
5.
t).
7.
8.
o
10.
11.
1.2.
13.
14.
(You/not/need)
(He/not/be)
(I
/
call)
(It
/
be)
(He
/
be)
(I
/
walk)
Tomorrow
you
when
I
arrive
in
the
city.
at
the
bus
station.
any
money
for
the
taxi.
a
house
one
day.
you
on
the
street
corner.
the
menu
in
the
cafeteria.
if it
rains
tomorrow.
cloudy
in
the
morning.
I'm
sure.
5 miles.
basketball.
at
my
birthday present
yet.
ready
for
the
game.
to
the
music
at
the
concert.
(You
/
buy)
(She
/
meet)
(They/not/like)
(We/not/go)
(Itlnot/rain)
(I/not/look)
(she
/
not
/
play)
Tonight
flMe
/
listen)
20
Practice
9
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Write
questions
using will andthe
words
in
parentheses.
Example:
(Why/you
I
not
lbe)
Whv won't
vou
be
there
tomorrow?
S
E
s
.F
q)
o
a)
L{
5
+
5
ft
a)
?1
H
t-
1.
2.
3.
4.
(Where
/you
I
go)
to
college?
(How
long
/
they
/
study)
(Whv
/
she
/not
/
finish)
English?
that
book?
(Whom
/he
/go)
to
the concert with?
Example:
Jane:
(seet
Jane: Hi,
John When
John:
Sorry, Jane.
II'
[(3)
not
/
sta-1
[(1
t
I nteet]
faurilr'
[(2)
not
/
be]
[(4)
rent]
[(5)
you do]
Jne: I
think
[(6)
tlavel]
John:
t(9)
bel
expensive?
I
don't think
so.
\\:e
[[
1
0)
share
]
It
sounds
like
[(11)
-ou
have]
I
hope
so.
I know
[(12)
I nriss]
Have
a
safe
trip,
Janel
this weekend?
the fish?
to
get
thatjob?
her new
dog?
you
when
I return
to
school.
your
family?
here
this
week.
We
in
the
city
during
our school break. We
a small cabin
on a
lake for
one
week.
What
during the school
break?
a
little.
[(7)
I not
/
Sol
(WhV/not/you/eat)
(How
long
/
he
/
try)
@here
/
she
lkeep)
(Where
/it lbe)
nice
to visit?
Finish
the
sentences
0r
questions
in
this conversation
using will
or won't
plus
the verb
in
parentheses.
Use contractions when
possible.
l'lleee
home.
My
friends
and I
[(8)
try]
to
rent
a car.
the car
rental
the cost.
a
great
time.
my family.
2l
5.
(When
/we
/see)
you
and
your
family?
6.
7.
8.
L
10.
Jane:
John:
Jane:
John:
(What/you/do)
Practice
9
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EXAMPLE
EXPLANATION
People
are
going
to
live
longer.
They
are
going
to need
help
from
their
children.
We
use
be
goirtg
o
*
the
base
form
to form
thr
future
tense.
,o
T\
o0
il
.s
o
()
\)
a
F1
+
B
o
(n
?1
H
,q)
F
q)
l.{
5
*
F{
q)
?1
F
I'm
not
going
to
live
with
my
children.
To
form
the
negative,
put
not
after
o,m,
i,s,
are.
QUESTION
FORM
SHORT
ANSWER
Is
she
going
to
live
with
her
son?
Where
is
she
going
to
live?
Why
isn't
she
going
to live
with
her
son?
Yes,
she
is.
or
No,
she isn't.
mffifrfi,t+ffi
Complete
the
sentence
with
the
correct
form
of
be
(not)
goi,ng
to
*
verb
base.
Example:
He
(go)
is
qoinq
t'o
qo
to school
in
the
fall.
l.Marrystltdents(go)tothelectureaboutpolitics.
2.
Paul
(not
/
study)
tonight.
3.
Evelyn
(not
/
stay)
at
home
all
evening.
4.
The
phone
(be)
busy
all
day
tomorrow.
5.
The
children (play)
games at
the
party.
6.
Many
men
(play)
football
for
the
school's
team.
7. I
(walk)
into
town.
8.
Everybody (sleep)
well
tonight.
9. She
(not
/
travel)
during
her
vacation.
about
our
test
grades.
0.
We
(not/worry)
Unscramble
the
following
words
and
phrases.
Some
sentences
are
statements.
Some
are
questions.
Example:
going
to
/
into
a larger
apartment
/
she
/is
/
move
to
move
into
a
L
1.
finish
I
yort
/soon
/
college
/
going
to
/
are
2.
wake
up
/
for
class
on time
/we
/going
to
/
are
22
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10
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Vlill
versus
Be
Going
To
USE
WILL
,o
t\
$
s
o
()
a)
Fa
6
E
ut
f{
o
B
BE
GOING
TO
Prediction
My
father
always
exercises
and
eats
well.
I
think
he
will
Iive
a
long time.
I
think
my
father
is
going
to
live
a
long
time.
Fbct
The
sun
will
set
at
6:48
tonight.
The
population
will
increase.
The
sun
is
going
to
set
at
6:43
tonight.
The
population
of
older
people
is
going
to
increase.
Scheduled
Event
The
movie
will
begin
at
eight
o'clock.
The
moe
is
going
to
begin
at
eight
o'clock.
Plan
My
grandfather
is
going
to
move
to Florida
next
year.
I
am
going
to
return
to
mv
native
country
in three yaur*.
Promise
I
will
always
take
care
of
you.
Offer
to
Help
A:
This
box
is
heavy.
B:
I'll
carry
it
for
you
complete
the
sentences
with
either
wi,il
or
be
goi,ngfo
along
with
the
verbs
in
arentheses.
In
some
cases,
both
are
possible.
'
Example:
(go)
Tonightl
am qoinq
Lo
qo
to
a
concert.
1.
(smoke)
that
cigar
in
here?
FffiR+TTI,F,' *M
2. (happen)
I
have
a feeling
that
something
good
3.
(see)
The
doctor
4. (meet)
We
fo
me
today.
you
as
soon
as
possible.
in
the
library
to
study
for
the
exam
together.
there
when
I
get
off
the
probably
to
be
unpredictable
for
the next
few years.
him
for
his
n't
you
any
of
this
delicious
you
forever.
an
umbrella
today.
5.
(be)
you
plane?
6.
(continue)
The
stock
market
7. (buy)
What
birthday?
8.
o
r0.
11.
24
(eat)
cake?
(love)
I
(give)
i
(need)
You
Practice
11
you
a ride
as
far
as
the
shopping
mall.
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72.
13.
I4.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
(be)
You
(graduate)
My
younger
sister
(open)
Wait
I
(go)
I
(be)
I
promise
I
(speak)
after
class?
(meet)
"'Where
are
you going?"
"I
(send)
I
sorry if
'ou
miss
tl-re bus.
fron-r high
school.
to Brazil
the
door for
-or-r
this
surnrler.
home
by n-ridnight
you
my
friencl."
you
a
postcard
when
I
get
therel
at 8:30.
buy
milk
on
myway
home.
be
ready in a half hour.
take
good
care
ofyour
children.
read
the book.
work
instead
of taking classes.
n-ith
your
teacher
fo
t\
b0
a
.s
o
(J
q)
Fe
rn
H
fh
I'r
a)
N
start)
The
movie
(call)
'Antonia
called
while
you
were
out."
"OK,
I
(cut)
"I
have
decided
to
cut my hair."
"How
short
her
brck."
it?"
Examples:
I
I
Complete
the
sentences
using wi,llfor
promises
0r offers
to
help. Usebe
gli,ng
to for plans.
never
be
impolite.
am
aJotnq
T,o
study
with
Tom
tonight.
meet
my
boss
at the train station
tomorrow.
mail that
letter for
you.
move
into
a
larger
apartment
soon.
you
marry me?
call you
first
thing
tomorrow.
We
We
1.
2.
3.
4.
iJ,
o.
7.
8.
q
10.
I
I
Don't bother
shopping.
I
Dinner
I
liked the
moe
so
Next term I
much
that
now
I
Practice 11
25
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Simple
Past
Tense
of
Regular
Verbs
EXPLANATION
EXAMPLE
(a
rO
t{
-
H
.
5
b0
o
(*{
o
q)
o
T-
+
ta
r
Fr
q)
s
E
.
ch
Marbin
Luther
King,
Jr',
lived
in the
south'
He
organized
Peaceful
Protests'
To
make
the
simple
past
tense
with
regular
verbs,
just
add
-ed
or
-d:
Base
Forms
live
organize
carry
Past
Forms
Li,ued
organized
can"v'i,ed
Dr.
King
lived
in the
south.
He
didn't
live
in the
north.
Use
the
past
form
in affirmative
statements'
Use
didn't
* the
base
form
in
negative
statements.
He
wanted
to
change
certain
laws'
He
eneouraged
people
to
protest
bad
laws'
The
verb
after
to
does
not use
the
past
form'
LANGUAGE
NOTE:
We
often
se
ago
with
the
simple
past:
I lived
there
lO
Years
ago.
ilUnderlinetheverbandrewitetheverbinthesimplepaSttenSe.
Example:
I
will
cancel
my
piane
reservatlon'
lcanceled
mY
Plane
reoe at19 t
1.
I travel
to
Peru
with
my
best
friends'
2.
The
workers
are
painting
the
walls
of
the
house'
3.
The
secretary
cancels
all
the
doctor's
appointments'
4.
It
rains
everY
daY'
5.
We
live
in a
crowded
cttY.
6.
You
will
ask
for
more
money
at
your
job'
7.
My
uncle
is
going
to
move
on
Thursday'
26
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o
'0
{
t\
-
H
(
b0
o
u
k
(+{
o
q)
(,)
rY
r
+
(,)
r
Fr
o
g
E
IA
feel-felt
keep-kePt
Ieave-left
lose-lost
awake-awoke
break-broke
choose-chose
freeze-roze
bring-brought
buy-bought
arise-arose
drive-drove
ride-rode
sell-sold
mistake-mistook
take-took
swear-swore
tea-tore
become-became
come-came
eat-ate
give-gave
forgive-forgave
lie-Iay
forget-forgot
get-got
mean-meant-
sleep-slePt
sweeP-swePt
weep-wePt
speak-sPoke
steal-stole
wake-woke
fight-fought
teach-taught
rise-rose
shine-shone
write-wrote
tell-told
shake-shook
wear-.lMore
shoot-shot
bend-bent
build-built
lend-Ient
dig-dug
hang-hung
spin-spun
stick-stuck
begin-began
drink-drank
forbid-forbade
ring-rang
shrink-shrank
blow-blew
draw-drew
fly-flew
bleed-bled
feed-fed
flee-fled
lead-led
find-found
Iay-laid
pay-paid
bite-bit
light-lit
fall-fell
run-ran
sit-sat
see-saw
stand-stood
understand-understood
send-sent
spend-sPent
sting-stung
strike-struck
swing-swung
win-won
sing-sang
sink-sank
spring-sprang
swim-swam
grow-grew
know-knew
throw-threw
meet-met
read-read**
wind-wound
say-saidn**
hide-hid
slide-slid
hold-held
Simple
Past
Tense
of
ktegular
Verbs
VERBS
WITH
NO
CHANGE
IN
PAST
FINAL
D
CHANGES
TO
T
beat
fit
bet
hit
cost
hurt
cut
let
VERBS
WITH
VOWET
CHANGES
put
sPit
quit
sPlit
set
sPread
shut
MISCELLANEOUS
CHANGES
be-was
/
were
do-did
28
Practice
13
go-went
have-had
hear-heard
make-madr
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*There
is
a
change
in
the
vowel
sound. Mea,nt rhymes vmthsent.
**The
past
form
of
read
is
pronounced
like
the color
red.
** *
S
aid rhymes with
b e
d.
TANGUAGE
NOTE:
Use
the
past
form in affirmative
statements. Use
didn't
*
the base form in
negative sentences:
Idn'tforge
to
bring money.
ffilttt
change the
irregularverb
to
the
simple
past
tense.
some of
the
statements are
w;-:r
r
=
negative.
Rewrite the complete
sentence
with
a
past
tense expression,
Examples:
The house
(shake)
in the wind.
The
house
ehook
in
the wind.
The
building
(not
/
shake).
Tlte buldin7
didn't ahake.
1. I
(not
/
leave)
the
house
at 7:45
a.m.
(n
L{
l
k
(
FI
H
bo
a)
*{
H
t-'|
t+{
o
q)
fn
c
+
rh
.E
Pr
q)
g
E
.
v)
2.
She
(speak) to the
class
for
two hours.
3.
He
(teach)
us how
to
speak
with
an
excellent
accent.
4.
We
(not/rwite)
in
our
journals
last night.
5.
The
boys
(win)
the
prize
for
best
spellers.
6.
The
girls (swim)
in the
ocean
all
day.
7. The teachers
(not
/
meet)
on
Wednesday afternoon.
8.
I
(not
/
do)
any
of my homework
because
I was sick.
9.
The
tourists
(not
/
go)
on
the
bus
tour
yesterday.
10.
The
policeman (come)
to
the
scene
of the accident.
11.
Sorry
We
(eat)
all of the
pizza.
12.
She
(have)
a
lot
of
patience
to
finish
the
math
problems.
Practice
13
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Negatives
and
Questions
with
the
Simple
Past
Tense
rl-
woRD
DID
/
DIDN'T
SUBIECT
VERB
COMPTEMENT
SHORT
ANSWEI
C)
o
?1
H
,o
F
+
v)
(
F{
o
s
ra
q)
+
sl
{
+
(a
(1
{
o
+
rh
0)
E
a
'o
1
H
G
t^
q)
+
.g
b0
q)
z
Did
did
didn't
My
friend
She
she
she
she
had
didn't
have
have
go
have
good
grades.
bad grades.
good
grades
last
year?
to
school?
good
grades
last
year?
No,
she
didn't.
Where
whv
EXAMPTE
EXPTANATION
The
student
didn't
succeed.
Theyweren't
able
to
sleep
well.
Use
didn't
*
the
base
form
in
negative
statements.
Use
u;ctsn
and
u)eren't
for
be
negative
statements.
Why
did
the
students
succeed?
Did
they
take
the
same
test?
Were
any
students
unhappy?
Questions
use
d,id,
(or
sometimes
d,id,n'il
and
the
base
form
of
the
verb.
Be
question,
r"
was
andwere.
,W.rqT,ffitM
Ask
a
question
in
response
to
each
sentence.
Use
the
time
words
in
parentheses.
Examples:
He
passes
the
test
every
week.
(last
week)
Did
he
?ass
the
teet
last
week?
He
wasn't
happy.
(not
/yesterday)
Wasnthe
happvvee1erL
1.
The
child
feels
sick
today.
(yesterday)
2.
She
is
dizzy
and
tired.
(yesterday
afternoon)
3.
She
sleeps
10
hours
every
night. (last
night)
4'
The
doctors
are
worried
about
the
child.
(not
/
this
past
week)
5.
They
find
hospital
rooms
for
their
patients.
(not
/this
morning)
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6. The
child
is
in
bed now.
(not
/
a
few minutes
ago)
7. Her father
makes
her eat
some soup.
(a
few hours
ago)
8.
She
drinks some herbal
tea.
(not
/
a
little while
ago)
Answer
each
question
about
yourself.
Example:
Did
you
go
to
Paris
last
year?
No,ldidn't
aoto
Faria,
1. Where
did
you
go yesterday?
Yea,
I
went
laat.vear,
q)
(a
sl
+
(
F{
.E
s
E
u,
0)
g
+
+
.F
(,
c
o
H
+
fn
q)
5
o
o
r
(,)
0)
.E
(
bo
o
z
2.
How
did
you
get
there?
3.
Did
you
ever
fly
annvhere?
4.
Whom
did
you
ride with
on
your
trip?
5.
Were
you
a student three
years
ago?
6. When did
you
buy this
book?
7. Did
yorr
catch a cold this
year'?
8.
How
long did
you
watch TV last night?
Write four
questions
in the
simple
past
tense
for
your
teacher
0r
your
boss.
Did
vou
drive
to
work
todav?
Weren'tvou
buav
laat niaht?xample:
1.
2.
3.
4.
3r
ractice
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Subject and
Object Pronouns
EXAMPLE
EXPLANATION
Greta loves music.
=_____|-
Yesterday,
she bought five new
CDs.
We
use subject
pronouns
to
take the
place
of
subject
nouns.
She bought it
for
a
good price.
(,)
o
('a
o
tr
F{
+)
O
()
s
o
'
r
+)
I
o
"O
()
She
also
bought
a
CD player.
We
use
object pronouns
to
take
the
place
of
object nouns.
She
got
some
CDs for her boriend.
She
bought tt
"*
toffi]-
An
object
pronoun
can
follow
a
preposition.
LANCUAGE
NOTES:
1. We
use
pronouns
to take the
place
of nouns.
2.
The object
pronouns
are me,
Jo'u'
lzim,
h,er,
it, n"s,
andth.em.
Compare
subject
and
object
pronouns.
Subject Pronouns
I
you
he
she
it
we
they
Obiect
Pronouns
me
you
him
her
it
US
them
Examples:
SV
You
see
I
see
She
sees
He
sees
I
see
They
see
We
see
o
me.
you.
him.
her.
it.
us.
them.
(1)
He
(3)
(4)
.Fillineachblankwithasubject0ran0bjectpronoun.
Example:
What
are
flea
markets?
They
are
markets
where
you
can buy almost
anything
second-hanr
Peopler
who
go
to
flea markets
are
looking
for
bargains. They often find
.
My
aunt
met her
husband
at a flea market.
sold
(2)
some second-hand
jewelry.
wasn't
very
expensive. Then
he asked
lo
have
a
cup of
tea
with
(5)
.
Now
he
teases
(6)
by saying that
she
was
the
best
bargain
(7)
ever found. She
tells
(8)
that
he
should
have looked
for
a
better deal.
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Possessive
Forms of
Nouns
We use
possessive
pronouns
to show ownership or relationship,
NOUN
ENDING
EXAMPTES
tn
H
5
o
z
l+{
o
(,)
s4
FT
t{
o
fr
o
(n
(,)
q)
(a
o
o
F{
Singular noun:
cat
Addapostrophe
*
s. I
put
food in
the cat's dish.
Plural noun
ending in
-s;
boys
Add apostrophe
only.
Open the
windows
in the
boy
room.
lrregular
plural
noun:
chi.Ldren
Add
apostrophe *
s. Open the windows in
the
children's
room.
Names
that
end in
-s.'
Charl,es
Add apostrophe
only
or
Add apostrophe *
s.
This is
Charles'
cousin.
This is
Charles's cousin.
LANGUAGE
NOTES:
1.
We use
the
possessive
forms for
people
and other living things:
I
borrowed
my
s'ister's car.
Ju.Lia's
friend
is
from
Colombia.
2.
For inanimate
objects,
we
usually
use
"the
We
usually
use
the door
af tlrc
back of
the
h.ouse.
We
can use
a
possessive
adjective
and
a
possessive
noun together:
Could
you give
me
yout'boss's
phone
number?
We can
use
possessive
adjectives to show
possession.
Possessive
acljectives
are
1nA,
you.ti
hi,s, heri
i,ts,
our,
and
the'i:r:
I'm
wearing
nty
coat. That's'your
bag.
3.
4.
ffi5R++
Fill
in
the
blanks
with the
correct
possessive
form.
Example:
My
wife
5
cooking
is
even
better than
my mother
a
cooking.
1.
Stop
That's James toothbrush.
2. Can
you get
me Ms. Reese e-mail address?
3.
Football
players
uniforms
are
very hard
to
get
clean.
4.
Your
company
_
new Web site is
really well
designed.
5. Other cornpanies
Web sites
aren't
nearly
so attractive.
6. You'll fincl the dresses
you
want in the
girls
_
departrnent.
7.
You should
go
to the children
shoe
department.
8.
Wornen
clothing
is
on the
fourtll
floor.
9.
Go to the
third
floor
for men
clothing.
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10.
Childrenl
Don't
pull
the
cat
_
taill
11.
She's
wearing
her
grandmother
_
diamoncl
bracelet.
12.
Everyone
wants
to
go
to John
_
party
Saturclal,night.
13.
Quick,
hide
the
cake
I hear
Daddy
footstepsl
14.
Let
me
take
a
look
at my
boss
schedule.
15.
Wait
a minute.
This
isn't
Dr.
Williams
_
signature.
16.
Our
book club
is
reading
my
favorite
author
latest book.
17.
Show
us
that
picture
of
your
family
new house.
18.
The
hurricane
washed
away
many families
houses.
19.
I
can't
read
my
teacher
handwriting.
20.
What
are
the
political
parties
the United
States?
(n
p
o
z
+{
o
(,)
hi
L{
o
f{
o
.F{
(,)
rh
q)
u,
o
o
F{
Use the words
to write
a sentence
that
contains
a
possessive
form.
(The
words
are
not
always
in
the
correct
order)
Example:
the
table
/ the
leg
/
is
broken
of the
table
is
broken,
1.
where
is
/
wallet
I
Papa
2.
he is
wearing
/
shirt
lDan
3.
someone
tore
lcover/the
book
4.
the
chair
/
the
arm
/
is
broken
5. what
is
/
this
car
/
the
price
6.
cap
/the
pen
/
missing
Practice
16
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Questions
with
Whose
WHOSE
+ NOUN
AUXILIARY
VERB
SUBIECT
VERB
ANSWER
did
can
is
a)
(r)
a
FS
F1
+
F
(
r.l
o
+
f,)
q)
o
Whose
dress
Whose
pen
Whose
sister
she
I
that?
borrow?
use?
She
borrowed
her si'stet'
dress.
You
can
use
?rLY
Pen.
That
is
his
sister.
LANGUAGE
NOTE:
Whose
+ a
noun
asks
a
question about
possessiott'
ffi
Write
a
follow-up
question
vnthwhose
for
each
statement
given'
Example:
A:
I
found
someone's
books
in the
library'
g,2
Whoee
booke
dd
you
ftnd
in
Lhe
ltbrary?
A:
We
pickecl
up
a
stray
cat
ou
the
way
home'
B:
A:
Someone's
book
was
left
in
tlie
back
seat
of
the
car'
B:
A:
I
want
to
try
sonteone's
dessert
recipe'
B:
A:
She
shoulcl
take
mY
advice'
A:
The
teacher
corrected
someone's
homeu'ork'
B:
A:
They
weut
to
their
fiiends'
house'
B:
A:
Tl-re
robbers
used
someone's
key
to
enter
the
house'
B:
A:
The
police
cliscovered
someone's
jewelry
in
a
paper
bag.
B:
A:
B:
Sotneone's
composition
will
win the
arn'ard'
A:
B:
Someone's
clog
is
wanclering
around
in
the
street'
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It's
chasing
someone's
cat.
1.
A:
B:
12.
A:
B:
The
cat
is
climbing
up someone's
tree.
Write
questions
about
the nouns
in
each
sentence.
Wose.
Begin
each
question
with
q)
u)
a
t
.
.F{
'
o
o
l;{
+
o
q)
F
o
Example:
What a
beautiful
car.
Whoae
car
ie
it?
1. That's
not
your
umbrella.
2. You
got
an intation
to
a
party?
3. I don't
recognize
this
coat.
4. This
isn't
my medicine
in
the medicine
cabinet.
5. Look
at
this
mess
6.
I
found
this
camera.
Practice
17
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Possessive
Adjectives
and
Pronouns
EXAMPLE
EXPLANATION
That
is
my
book.
Our
apartment
is small.
The
possessive
adjective
must
come
before
noun.
We
can't
use
it
alone or
without
a nou
v,
sl
H
5
o
o
l.{
F{
'o
tr
(E
o
o
+
u
q)
'o
q)
f,)
tA
q)
v)
o
o
F{
That
book
is
mine.
(mine
=
my
book)
That
apartment
is
ours.
The
possessive
pronoun
takes
place
of
a
nor
It never
comes
before
a noun.
LANGUAGE
NOTES:
1.
Be careful
wlthhis
and.her
/,-----\
I
have
a
married
brother
His
vnfe
is verv
nice.
-------___-----*
The
bride
looks
beautiful . Her father
looks
proud.
2.
When
we use
a
possessive
pronoun, we
omit
the noun. Compare:
-Ier
ess is
white. ------>
Your
dress is
blue.
or
l/ozr"s is
blue.
3. Compare
subject
pronouns,
possessive
a$ectives,
and
possessive
pronouns:
Subject
Pronouns
I
you
he
she
Possessive
Adjectives
my
your
his
her
its
our
their
Possessive
Pronouns
mine
yours
his
hers
ours
theirs
ir
we
they
For
each
underlined
pai4
choose
the
correct
possessive
form.
Example:
Prt@)tqrllq
coat on.
It's
cold outside
1.
2.
3.
T.
This
bag is not
mine. I
think
it's
your
/
yours.
I
think that
house
is
their
/
theirs.
Practice
18
5.
b.
She
is
a doctor. Her
/
Hers
sister
is
a lawyer.
Is
this mine
or
your
/
yours?
That's his
office.
It's
not
my
/
mine.
I
don't know
their
/
theirs
address.
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7.
8.
q
10.
11.
72.
13.
14.
15.
16.
77.
18.
This
table
is
our
/
ours.
Your
/
Yours
tape recorder is
broken.
Why don't
you
borrow
my
/
mine?
Our
/
Ours
car
is
white.
They
/
Theirs
is red.
Her
/
Hers
hair
is
the same length
as
my
/
mine.
Do
you
want
me
to
take
yours
/your
picture?
His mother
is
from
my/
mine native
country.
She
took
our
/
ours umbrella
and
now
she
thinks
it's
her
/
hers.
Please
don't
take my
/
mine
textbook
without
my
/
mine
permission.
Their
/
Theirs
children
are coming
over
with
their
/
theirs friends.
This
isn't
her
/
hers
scarf.
Her
/
Hers
is
blue.
Our
/
Ours
vacation
was as
good
as
your
/
yours.
They
went
to
the restaurant
with
their
/
theirs friends
and my
/
mine.
o
5
o
;1
H
o
fr
Fi
'o
c
.
(r)
0)
+
u
0)
"6
()
tn
a
()
(t)
(,}
o
O{
l.ffi f
Rewriteeach
sentence
below,
replacing
the
underlined
portion
with
a correct
w
a
x erqb'rq"
*"
'
possessive
pronoun
0r possessive
a{ective.
Example:
This
is
a
picture
of John
andAnne's
new
baby.
Thie ia
a
picture
of
their new
bab.v,
1.
The
boys'
clothes
are in the washing
machine.
2.
That
suitcase
isn't
your
suitcase.
3.
The little
girl's
kitten
ran
away.
4.
The
next
day the
kitten
returned
to the little
girl's
family's
house.
5.
My
pen
ran out
of
ink,
so I'm
going
to use
your
pen.
6. She announced
that
Jim's
flight
would
arrive
earlr
7. Jeanne's flight
arrived earlier
than our flight.
Practice
18
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--'
Questions
about the Subject
wt-
woRD
DO / DOES
/ DID
SUBIECT
VERB COMPLEMENT
+
(J
q)
,o
t{
V)
q)
71
trl
+
+
5
o
,o
d
o
o
Fl
+
o
o
FT
o
What
does
The
bride
she
She
Who
throws
throw?
throws
caught
something.
the
bouquet.
the bouquet?
What
brought
bring?
brought
brought
did
The
guests
they
Some
guests
How many
guests
something.
gifts.
gifts?
whv
try
try
try
do
Some women
they
Whichwomen
to catch the
bouqr
to catch the
bouqr
to catch the bouqr
Something
What
happened
next.
happened
next?
LANGUAGE NOTES:
1.
Questions
about the subject
are
different from other
questions.
They
don't
include do,
does,
or did.
2.
We
usually answer
a
subject
question
with a
subject
and an auxiliary
verb:
Who
caught
the bouquet?
The bride's
cousin
drid.
3.
What happened
is
a
subject
question.
We
usually
answer
with
a
different
verb:
What happenecL after
the wedding? The bride and
groom
ruent on
a
honermoon.
4. After
u.tho, use
the
-s
form
for the simple
present
tense. After hout
many,
use
the
base
form. After
o
questions,
use
the
-s form or the
base
form,
depending
on
whether
the
noun
is
singular or
plural:
Who
hcts
the
prettiest
dress?
W7ich
girlutas
the bridesmaid?
How
many
people
warlt
todance? Whi,ch
gi,rk
u,ere
thenicest?
?it+- ft+.+m
Write a
question
about the subject of each
sentence.
Example:
Who
sent.You the
information
by
e-mail?
My
brother
sent me the
information by
e-mail.
Ansu,er:
Tommy
wrote the
answers on
the
palm
of
his hand.
2.
Ans'u.er:
T\no
police
officers
caught the
robbers.
3.
Anstter: Jorge usually
brings
his
sister.
40
Practice
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4.
Ansuer:
The
climbers always
carry first-aid equipment.
5.
Anstuer:
Chang
took
everyone
to
dinner.
6.
Answer:
The
volcano
destroyed
several
villages.
7.
+
U
a)
s
5
(n
o
s
+
E
o
I
r
o
sl
o
Fa
+
rrt
q)
5
o
8.
Arsztser:
Our
ship survived the
tsunami.
Ansuter:
My
grandparents
are
coming to see us.
9.
Anstoer: Five
firefighters fought
the fire.
10.
Anszuer:
The
mailcarrier
brought
the
mail.
11.
Ansu,er:
The
Italian woman
sang
the
song.
12.
Ansuer: The
ship
sank.
Choose the best response
for
each
question.
Example:
Who met her at the
train station?
a.
Her
father
did.
b.
Her
father
did
meet.
1.
What broke
the
window?
a.
A
baseball did.
2.
Who ate my strawberries?
a. I
do.
3.
What
caused the accident?
a. A speeding
driver did.
4. Who
told
you?
a.
She.
b.
A
baseball did break.
b.
I
did.
b. A
speeding
driver
did cause the accident.
b.
She
did.
4l
ractice
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Forms and
LJses
of Reflexive Pronouns
SUBIECT VERB
REFLEXIVE
PRONOUN
o
c
o
S{
nr
q)
X
a)
EE
0)
(|
o
o
a)
Ut
,-t
\J
A
H
(g
(a
tr
o
FI
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
see
see
SEES
SEES
sees
see
see
see
myself.
yourself.
himself.
herself.
itself.
ourselves.
yourselves.
themselves.
EXAMPLE
EXPTANATION
Syla
sometimes
blames
herself.
(DO)
I
tell
myself
that
he loves me.
(IO)
Be
good
to
yourself. (OP)
A
reflexive
pronoun
can
be
a direct object
(DO),
an
indirect object
(IO),
or the
object of a
preposition
(OP).
She hates
to
eat
by
herself.
She
has
to
do everything
all by
herself.
We
often
add
aLL
bg
before
the
reflexive
pronoun
to
mean
alone.
TANGUAGE NOTES:
1. If
the subject and object are the same,
we
use
a
reflexive
pronoun
as
the
object.
2.
After
an
imperative
j
vse
Aout'sel,f
or
gourselaes
depending
on
whether
you
referc
to one
person
or
more:
I/ozr
singular: Get'yow'sel-f
a
lawyer.
You
plural:
Get
yourselues
a
lawyer.
Write
the correct reflexive
pronoun
in
the blank,
Example:
She
gave
hereelf
1
z.
r).
4.
o.
7.
8.
cl
10.
11.
42
The
old
man
drew
The
bird
saw
We sang
We
gave
't
hear
make
He
gave
Don't
drive
Can
you
teach
If
the alarm doesn't
work.
vou'll
have to wake
Practice
2O
a song.
a
party.
a map.
ln tlle mlrror.
think.
a
sandwich.
a
pat
on the back.
a
headache
worrying
aborrt
the siluation
crazy trying to solve this
prouienr
He is
in
love
with
It's so loud. I can
If
you're
l-rungry,
up.
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12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
t7.
18.
I
go
home
every night
and
make
They
can't
earn
enough money
to support
Look,
that man
over
there
is
talking
to
She
ate the whole
cake,
and
she
made
Babies
can't
feed
We
saved
our money
until
we
had
enough
to
buy
Dennis
hurt
some
dinner.
sick.
o
5
o
FI
o
tr
Pr
a)
X
o
TE
q)
(+{
o
(,
q)
o
D
o
EI
.
(n
A
t
l.{
o
[{
a boat.
with
the
electric
drill.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
72.
13.
r4.
t
Circle
the best reflexive
pronoun
for
each
item.
Example:
His
problem
is
that he
doesn't
have any
confidence
in6rnr"D/
n"rr"r.
1.
You'll
have
to turn
the key
in the
ignition.
The
car
won't
start itself
/
yourself.
2-
She
didn't
know
anyone in
the
class,
so she introduced
tbg4qglvgqlerself
to the
person
next
to her.
For
the next three months the
students
prepared themself /
themselves
for
the
exam.
The
older
sister told her
sister
ghost
stories
until
she
even
frightened
herself
/
themselves.
Don't
let
that little
boy
play
with
that knife. He'll
cut himself
/
themselves.
No
one inted
us to the
party,
so
we
inted
ourself
/
ourselves.
They
attacked
me,
so
I
had
to defend
ourselves
/
myself.
People
would
enjoy
talking
with
you
more
if
you
didn't
feel
so
sorry
for
themselves
/
yourself.
Other
people
won't
believe in
you
if
you
don't believe
in
yourself
/
themselves.
If
all
of
you
start
sang money
now,
you'll
thank
ourselves
/
yourselves
in 20
years.
At
the
end
of the dinner
we excused ourselves
/
ourself.
He
promised
themselves
/
himself
that he would
never
lie
to
his
parents
again.
If
you
want
to understand
another
person,
try
putting
yourself
/
himself
in his
place.
It's
good
for
people
to
be able
to
laugh
at theirselves
/
themselves
now
and then.
Practice 20
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Noun
Plurals
o
f
t{
5
F{
FI
o
z
REGULAR
NOUN
PLURALS
WORD
ENDINGS
SINGUTAR
NOUNS
PLURAT
ADDITIONS
PLURAL
FORMS
Vowel bee, banana
+s
bees, bananas
s,
ss,
sh,
ch,
r, z
dish,
watch
+es
dishes,
watche
Voiceless
consonants
cat,lip
+s
cats,
lips
Voiced
consonants
card,
pin
+s
cards,
pins
Vowel
+
gr
boy,
day
+s
boys,
days
Consonant
*
y
lady,
story
g+
ies
ladies,
stories
Vowel
*
o
video.
radio
+s
videos,
radios
Consonant*o
potato,hero
*es*
.
E
xceptions.'
photos, pianos,
solos,
altos, sopranos,
autos, avocados
potatoes,
heror
f
orfe
leaf,
knife
/+
ues..
**Encept'ions;
beliefs,
chiefs,
roofs,
cliffs,
chefs,
sheriffs
leaves,
knives
IRREGUTAR
NOUN
PLURALS
SINGULAR
PLURAL
EXAMPLE
EXPLANATION
woman
foot
goose
women
feet
geese
Men
and
women
came
to
America
from
manv
countries.
Vowel
change.
sheep
fish
sheep
fish
He
caught
six fish
for
dinner.
No
change.
child
person
children
people
Many
people
came
to
the
celebration.
Different
word
form
pajamas,
pants
scissors
