mRrj pkyqD;dkyhu “kSo iaFkkrhy fofo/k izokg % ,d fpfdRld vH;kl

¼144½

çdj.k 4

mÙkj pkyqD;dkyhu fofo/k “kSo çokg

ekxhy izdj.kkr mRrj pkyqD;dkyhu /kkfeZd ifjfLFkrh tk.kqu ?ksryh- ;k

izdj.kkr rkRdkyhu fganq /kekZrhy fofo/k izeq[k izokgkaiSdh ,d vkl.kkjk “kSoiaFk o

R;kps fofo/k miizokg ;kapk vH;kl dj.;kr vkysyk vkgs- ;k dky[kaMkr fofo/k 'kSo

iaFk o R;kps fofo/k izokg yksdfç; gksrs- rÙdkyhu dksjho ys[kkrwu ik”kqir] dkykeq[kh]

ohj”kSo fyaxk;r] fln~/kjkes”ojk a”kh lacaf/kr fofo/k “kSo izokgkapk mYys[k ;srks- ;kf”kok;

rRdkyhu ok³~e;hu lk/kukae/kqugh ;k 'kSo laçnk;kf”kok; ukFk laçnk;kpkgh mYys[k

;srks- ;k dky[kaMk”kh lacaf/kr fofo/k 'kSo çokgkaph vksG[k vki.k iq<hyçek.ks d:u

?ksow-

ik“kqir

gk mÙkj pkyqD; ledkyhu çfln~/k 'kSo laçnk; vkgs- bfrgklkrhy lokZr

çkphu rkaf=d iaFk Eg.kwu ik“kqirkapk mYYks[k dsyk tkrks- dkagh oSfnd o oSfndksÙkj

ok³~e;hu lkfgR;kr rj dkgh f“kykys[kkae/kwu ik“kqir laçnk;kps mYYks[k ;srkr-

ik“kqir laçn;kP;k rÙoKkukoj vk/kkfjr ik“kqir 'kkL++= ukokpk ,d xazFk miyC/k vkgs-

mifu’kns] lq=s] lafgrk] egkHkkjr] ek/kokpk;Zakps loZn“kZulaxzg] f“koegkiqjk.k]

f“koiqjk.kkrhy dkjo.kegkRE; çdj.kkr] ok;qfo/k iqjk.k] fyaxiqjk.k ;k f“kok;

ydqfy“kkus fyfgysY;k îapkFkZfo|k* vFkok iapk/;k;h ;k xzaFkkrwu ;k iaFkkcn~/kyph

ekfgrh feGrss- vkpk;kZapk mYYks[k jktLFkku] xqtjkr] e/;çns“k] rlsp dukZVdkrhy

f“kykys[k o rkez“kklukrwu feGrks-1 f“kok; egkjk’Vªkrhy iwoZpkyqD; o jk’VªdqVkaP;k

nkui=krwugh ik“kqiriaFkh; vkpk;kZauk nkui=s fnY;kph vk<Grkr-2 b- l- P;k 971 P;k

ukxjkt eafnjkrhy f“kykys[kkr ydqyh“kkl ik“kqikr laçnk;kpk laLFkkid EgVys vkgs-3

1- ns“kikaMs czãkuan] 3 'kks/k fuaaca/k] çFke vko`Ùkh] ifjp; çdk“ku] vkSjaxkckn] 1982] i`-Ø-95-

2- Hkqlkjh j?kqukFk egk:nz] çkphu egkjk’Vªkpk /kkfeZd bfrgkl ¼b-l-iwoZ 200 rs b-l-1350½]

çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh lkfgR; ifj’kn] vka/kzçns“k] gSnzckn] ,fçy] 1965] i`-Ø-51-

¼145½

ik“kqir iaFkkP;k laLFkkidkcn~/ky o fufeZrhcn~/ky çkphu lkfgR;kr o

vk/kqfud la“kks/kdkae/;s cjsp erHksn fnlrkr- egkHkkjrkr ik“kqirkapk mYYks[k vkysyk

vlwu Lor% Hkxoku f“kop ;k ik“kqir iaFkkps ewy çorZd vlY;kps EgVys vkgs-4

^;k çdkjs eh egku ik“kqir ;ksxkph O;k[;k dsyh- ek÷;koj HkDrh dj.kkÚ;k

ekuokauh njjkst ;kps Jo.k dsys ikfgts- tks Js’B ekuo ekÖ;k /keZfu“p;kps Jo.k

fdaok iB.k djrks; rks ;k yksdakr /ku/kkU;] dhrhZ feGorks vkf.k ijyksdkar LoxZ çkIr

djrks*-5

,sfrgkfld n`’V;k ûdqfy“k* mQZs ^ydqyh“k* ukokP;k O;Drhus ik“kqir iaFkkph

LFkkiuk dsY;kps cgqrsd fo}ku ekU; djrkr- xqtjkr e/;s ydqyh“kkps ,d eanhj

vk<Grs- ^ydqyh“k* mQZ ûdqyh“k* fojfpr îk“kqir lw=e~* ;k fBdk.kh ek/kokus

okijysY;k ûdqyh“k* ;k :ik,soth fodYikus :nz vlysys ^ydqyh“k* gs :i MkW-rxkjs

^“kSon“kZu* xzaFkkr okijrkr- ;k ekxps dkj.k lkaxrkauk rs fyfgrkr] ydqfy“kkP;k

HkkjrHkj iljysY;k ewrhZ gkrydqy ¼ykdqy&^lksVk*½ vlysY;k vkgsr- iqjka.kkrwu rsp

:i vk<Grs- deZiqjk.kk 1&53 o f“ko iqjk.k ok;oh; lafgrsr 2-9-5 ydqfy“kkyk

f“kokpk 28 ok vorkj vls EgVys vkgs-6 ojkgdYikP;k lkrO;k eUoarjkrhy vB~Bkfol

;qxkr Hkxoku :ikus vorkj /kkj.k d:uq îk“kqir /kekZ*pk çpkj dsyk- f“ko

egkiqjk.kkr vls of.kZys vkgs dh] vB~Bkfol ;ksxkpk;Z o R;kps 112 f“k’; gksrs- R;kaph

ukos] 1-'osr] 2-Lkqrkj] 3-enu] 4-lqgks=] 5-dad] 6-ykSxk{kh] 7-egklk;] 8-tSfx“kO;] 9-

nf/kokg 10-_’kHk 11-mxz_’kh] 12-vUoh] 13-lqckyd] 14-xkSRke] 15- osn f“kjk_’kh] 16-

xksd.kZ] 17-xqgoklh ¼f“k[kaMh½] 18-tBkeyh] 19-vV~Vgkl] 20-nk:d] 21-ykaxyh] 22-

3- ;nqoa“kh] 'kSoer] çFke vko`Ùkh fcgkj jk’VªHkk’kk ifj’kn] iV.kk] 1955] i`-Ø-153-

4- lka[; ;ksx% ikapjk=a osn% ik“kqig rFkkA KkukU;srkuh jktgkS fo/nh ukukerkfuAA 64AA

mekifr% Hkwrifr% JhdBks czkg~e.k% 'kqr%A mDroku bn; vO;ksxks Kkua ik“kqira f“ko%AA67AA

¼egkHkkjr 'kkafrioZ v/;k; 349½

,rar rs loZ ekj.;kr ;ksxa ik”kqira egra A enzDrSeZuqtSnsZfo JkO;dsrn fnus fnus AA

J.kq;kn ;% iUns okfi eesna /keZfu“p;eA LoXkZ dhrhZ /ku /kkU; ykHkrs lujksRRke%AA

¼egk-vuq- i`’B 6021½

5- vH;adj 'kadj oklqnso ¼laiknd½] HkDrhdks“k] çFke vko`Ùkh] vkfnR; çfr’Bku] iq.ks] ekpZ

2001] i`-Ø-1296-

6- rxkjs x-ok-] 'kSo n“kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh rÙoKku egkdks“k eaMG] iq.ks] 1987] i`-Ø-24-

¼146½

egkdky] 23-'kqyh] 24-naMh] 25-eaq<h] 26-lfg’.kw] 27-lkSe“keZ] 28-udqyh“oj v“kh vkgsr-7

ydqyh“kkPkk tUe ^dkjok.k* ¼rk-MHkbZ] ft- cMksnk½] ;sFks ^fo“ojkt* uked ,dk

vfXugks=kP;k ?kjk.;kr >kyk-8 R;kaP;k tUEkkfo’k;h v“kh dFkk lkafxryh tkrs dh]

vB~Bkfol ;qxkiSdh 'ksoVP;k ;qxkr f“ko /kekZpk çpkj dj.;kP;k gsrwus Hkxoku f“kokus

dk;kjksg.k dkjok.k ;sFkhy ,dk e`r 'kjhjkr ços“k d:u udqys“oj ukokaus

vB~Bkfolkok vorkj /kkj.k dsyk-9 udqyh“k FkksMk eksBk >kY;koj mTTkSuhyk xsyk] R;k

fBdk.kh czãkorkZgwu vkysY;k ^dqf“kd* uked czkã.kkl R;kus ik“kqirlw= Eg.kwu çfln~/k

vlysyh 168 lq=s f“kdfoyh-

Ykdqyh“kkP;k =k sVd lq=kis{kk dks’VU;kP;k îapkFkZ* Hkk’;ko:u vki.kkal

rRdkyhu ik“kqir rÙoKkukph ifgyh feGw 'kdrs gs R;kps egÙo vkgs- eks{kekxkZps

foospu dj.kkÚ;k ;k lw=xzaFkkr ydqyh“kkus 1-dkj.k] 2-dk;Z] 3-;ksx] 4-fo/kh vkf.k 5-

nq%[kkUr ;k ikap vFkkZps fooj.k dsys vkgs- ;k iSdh 1-dkj.k ¼irh½ o 2-dk;Z ¼i“kq½

;kaukp înkFkZ* ¼rŸo½ fdaok fQYkWklkWfQdy dWVsxfjt Eg.krk ;sbZy- ;k iSdh dkj.k

¼irh] f“ko] czg~e½ gh ladYiuk oSfnd ¼rSrjh;½ ijaijsrhy vkgs- eks{k çkIrhlkBh czãkpk

ti djkok ¼v=sana czãk Tkisr~½ gh lwpuk 1-39]2-21]3-20]4-21 o 5-41 ;k ikp fBdk.kh

fnysyh vkgs- vkf.k ;k çR;sd lq=kaurj czg~e ladYiuk Li’V dj.;klkBh ;k

ifjPNsnkr iq<s fnY;kçek.ks fo“ks’k.ks okijyh vkgsr- vkf.k fo“ks’k vlk dh gh loZ

fo“ks’k.ks rSrjh; vk[;kdkP;k egkukjk;.kh; mifu’knkrwu 17-1-5 'kCn“k% ?ksryh vkgsr-

mnk- 1-39 uarj czã dYiuk Li’V dj.;klkBh iq<hy fo“ks’k.ks ;kstyh vkgsr- brdsp

uOgs rj rSrjh; vk- 17-1 gk ea=p iklwu 1-40 rs 1-44 i;Zar fHkUu lw=s Eg.kwu okijyk

vkgs- rks ea= vlk]10

7- laiknd eaMG] ohj“kSo fo“odks“k] [kaM 1] çFke vko`Ùkh] vf[ky Hkkjrh; ejkBh ohj“kSo

lkfgR; eaMG] ukxiwj] fMlsacj 2001] i`-Ø-72-

8- rxkjs x-ok-] 'kSo n“kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh rÙoKku egkdks“k eaMG] iq.ks] 1987] i`-Ø-24-

9- laiknd eaMG] mijksDr] i`-Ø-72-

10- rxkjs x-ok-] mijksDr] i`-Ø-25-

¼147½

dkSf.MU; ¼b-l- ps pkSFks fdaok ikpos 'krd½ o udqfy“k ¼b-l- ps nqljs fdaok b-

l-iwoZ nqljs 'krd½ lk;.kkiqohZ funku 'krdkiwohZ gksowu xsys vlY;keqGs osnijaijsr

dkSf.MU;kyk vfHkçsr vlysyk vFkZp R;kdjhrk :< vl.;kph 'kD;rk vkgs- ;k ea=kpk

vk.k[kh ,d fo“ks’k Eg.kts gs ea= ik“kqir ;s.kkÚ;k fHkUu çdV voLFkkr vuqØekus

fparu djko;kps vlrs- mnk- çFkekoLFksr f“koeanhjkr jkgwu HkLeLuku] fuekZY;/kkj.k]

gflr] f“kokçek.ks vV~Vgkl dj.ks bR;knh migkjkauh ozr fdaok fu;e ;kauh f“ko djhr

vlrkauak l?kkstkr çi|kfe bR;knh ¼ rS- v- 17-1½ pkti djko;kpk nqlÚ;k voLFskr

;e fu;e;qDr dBksj ri djko;kps vlwu brj nso fdaok firj ;kaP;k mikluk u

djrk vuU;Hkkokus 'kadjkph mikluk djko;kph vlrs- R;k voLFksr okensok; ueks

T;s’Bk; ueks bR;knh ¼rS- vk- 17-2½ pk ti lkafxryk vkgs- frlÚ;k voLFksr vgadkj o

iki >kMwu Vkd.;klkBh brj yksd ts.ksd:u vkiyk vieku vFkok fuank djrhy

vls ¼var;kZaeh 'kq/n jkgwu½ orZu djkos ¼lekt vekU; orZu½ ¼rS-vk-17-3½ pkSF;k

voLFksr vkiyh fo|k ok riL;k xqIr jk[k.;klkBh vkslkM ?kj fdaok xqgsr

jkg.;kcjkscj eq+|ke mUEkÙk fdaok ew< vlY;klkj[ks nk[ko.ks o R;kp cjkscj ^rRi q:’kk;

fo|gs* bR;knh ¼rS-vk-17-4½ pk ti lkaxhrysyk vkgs- ;kP;kp çxr voLFksr Le“kkukr

>kMk[kkyh fdaok vkdk“kk[kkyh :nzkP;k fBdk.kh y{k dsanzhHkwr djko;kps vlrs-

'ksoVP;k ikapO;k voLFks b Z“kku] loZHkqrkuke] ¼rS-vk-17-5½ pk ti lkaxhryk vkgs-11

rkaf=drk] rÙoKku] v/;kRersrwu ik“kqir laçnk;kps lqcks/k] 168 lq=kaP;k

vk/kkjs dkagh oSf“k’Vîs vk<Grkr-

1- dsoG nq%[kkUr Eg.kts eks{k uOgs- egs“ojkr foyhu gks.ks Eg.kts v}SRkoknh

ekurkr] rlk eks{k ulrks- tho fadaok vkRek R;k voLFksr egs“ojklkj[kk

n`d“kDrh o fØ;k“kDrh ;k ,s“o;kZus laiUu vlrks- ;kr nq%[k eqDRkh ;srs-

eks{kkoLFksr tho egs“ojkaP;k lehi i.k Lor%ps Lora= O;fDreŸo jk[kwu vlrks-

2- ik“kqir n“kZukr dSykl fdaok f“ko yksd oSdaqB bR;knh ikSjkf.kd dYiusyk

LFkku ukgh-

11- ^l?kkstkao çi|kfe l|kstkrk; oS ue%|A Hkos Hkos ukfrHkos HkoLok eka Hkoksn~Hkok; ue%*AA15A

¼rS- vk- 17-1½& rxkjs x-ok-] “kSo n”kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh rRoKku egkdks”k eaMG] iq.ks]

1987] i`-Ø- 27-

¼148½

3- euq’;kP;k dekZçek.ks euq’;kyk xrh feGrs- i.k fu;frokn fdaok deZoknkpk

çHkko ukgh- bZ“ojh vuqxzgkus eyuk“k ikiuk“k gksowu eks{k nq%[kkUrs çkIr gksrks-

eks{k gh ekuoh drZO;kis{kk bZ“ojh vuqxzgkoj voyacwu vl.kkjh xrh vkgs-

4- bZ“ojh vuqxzgkps egÙo ek.klkus fdrhgh lRdesZ o ri“p;kZ dsyh rjh

ijes“ojh Ñis[ksjht nq%[kkUr eks{k ukgh-

5- iqu%tZUEk dYiuspk Li’V mYys[k ukgh-

6- lxq.k] fuxqZ.k mikluk i/nrhpk mYYks[k ukgh-

7- dsoG vksedkj tikoj Hkj ^vksedkj ekfe/;k;hr* ¼ik“kw 5-24½ lq=koj

dkSf.M.;kus Hkk’;kr EgVys vkgs- ^nq%[kkUrfuehŸk /;kukSdfo’k;Ùoe]

vksMdjkÙoe*

8- ek;koknkpk] osnkUrerkPkk fdaok tSu] ckSn~/k erkapk mYYks[k ukgh-

9- xazFk lairkauk 'kSo nk[kfo.;klkBh funku 'ksoVP;k 'kCnkph fdaok 'kCn leqgkph

iqujkOk`Ùkh djrkr- mnk- czãlw=kP;k 'ksoVh vuko`Ùkh 'kCnkr ^vuko`Ùkh 'kCnkr%]

v“kh iqu:Drh% vlrs- ;k xzaFkkr rls dsys ukgh- uqlrk f“ko ¼5-47½ vlkp

'ksoV dsysyk vkgs-12

ydqfy“k o R;kaPkk ik“kqir laçnk; b- l- P;k vkBO;k 'krdkiklwu rs rsjkO;k

'krdki;Zar e/;Hkkjrklg nf{k.k Hkkjrkr ilysyk gksrk- ;kps mYYks[k

rÙdkyhu f“kykys[kkr] rkeziV] ewrhZdyk] rRdkyhu lkfgfR;d lk/kukrwu ;srs-

tSu ys[kd gfjHknz] xq.kjRu o jkt“ks[kj Lor% ik“kqikr ok oSfnd/kekZuq;k;h

ulys( rjh vkiY;k ledkyhu ik“kqirkaph thouin~/krh o dkagh va“kh rÙoKku

;kph ekfgrh gfjHknzlqjh b-l- vkBos 'krd o R;kPkk Vhdkdkj xq.kjRu lqjh

vkf.k jkt“ks[kj lqjh ¼b-l- 1300 rs 1350 P;k lqekjkl½ ;k tSu xzaFkdkjkauh

fnyh vkgs-

vkpk;Z gfjHknzkP;k "kM~n“kZu leqPp;kojhy Vhdsr xq.kjRu fygrks- & ^çFker%

uS;kf;dkaph vFkok ;kSxkaph vkpkj in~/krh lkaxrks rs 405 /kkj.k djrkr- eksBs ¼çkSa<½

12- rxkjs x-ok-] “kSo n”kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh rRoKku egkdks”k eaMG] iq.ks] 1987] i`-Øa 28-

¼149½

dkSihu ?kkyrkr o dkacGs ika?kjrkr- gs tVk/kkjh] HkLe pksiMysys o ;Kksiohr /kkj.k

dj.kkjs vlrkr- rs de.Myq/kkjd vkgsr- R;kapk vkgkj uhjl vlrks- rs cgq/kk oukr

>kMk[kkyh jkgwu daneqGs vkgkj ?ksrkr- rs vfrF;“khy vlrkr- dkgh lkiRuhd

vlrkr i.k R;kaP;k iSdh ts Js’B vkgsr rs ,dVs fuL=hd jkgrkr- gs iapkfXulk/ku

dVk{kkus djrkr- iapkfXulk/kuijk% gs gkr naM] tVk b- fBdk.kh çk.kfyax /kkj.k

djrkr- mÙke v“kh la;ekoLFkk çkIr >kysys uXu fgaMrkr- ldkGh 'kkSpeq[kektZu

>kkY;koj rhu f=dkG vaxkyk HkLe ykowu f“ko/;ku djrkr- ;teku gkr tksMwu

R;kauk ^vkse ue% f“kok;* EgVys rsaOgk ^xq: ue% f“kok;* vls mÙkjknk[ky Eg.krkr*-13

ydqyh“kkpk tUEk xqtjkFke/;s dkjok.k ;sFks >kyk- iq<s rks mTTkSuyk xsY;k

uarj dqf“kdk xkX;Z lkj[ks vusd f“k’; ;sowu feGkys- f“k’; dqf“kdkP;k f“k’;ijaijkapk

VIIkk panzxqIrkP;k eFkqjk dksjhoys[kkr o b-l- 978 P;k jktLFkkukrhy ujokgukP;k

mn;iwj f“kykys[kkr ;srkr- xk.;kZapk f“k’;ijaijspk riksjk“kh] okfYedh] jk“kh b- o ykV

nf{k.k xqtjkr] dsnkj] ç;kx] JhioZr] vka/kz] jke s“oj gh ik“kqir dsanzs vlY;kps mYys[k

„kkMZxnsokP;k ¼b-l- 274&96½ fla=k ç“kLrhr14 vkgs- ;qokuPokax ¼g;q&,u&Rlax½ ¼b-lu

629&645 b-l-½ ;k fpuh çok“kkyk ik“kqir {ks=s iq<hy fBdk.kh vk<Gyh- tkya/kj]

vfgN=] eydwV] dsjG] ekGok] egs“oj] [kksVkr] fcgkje/;s b-lukP;k uoO;k o ngkO;k

'krdkrhy ydqyh“k eanhjs] fl?kHkqe] ftYg;kr vkgsr- vklke e/khy banzikyP;k ¼b-l-

ps vdjkos 'krd½ rkeziVkr ^Tk;fr i“kqifr çtkf/kukFk* EgVys vkgs ;ko:u R;k

Hkkxkr i“kqirhps egkRE; gskrs- vksjhlke/;s ydqyh“k o R;kP;k f“k’;kaP;k lqjs[k ewrhZ

ij“kqjkees“oj] ¼ijkjks“oj½ ¼b-lu 75 P;k lqekjkl½] dfiys“oj] eqDrs“oj ¼b-lu 950

P;k lqekjkl½ bR;knh] Hkqous“oj eafnjkr vlY;kps ds- lh- ikf.kxzfguh]

^vkdsZvkWykWftdy fjesUl vWV Hkqous“oj* e/;s ueqn dsys vkgs- nf{k.k Hkkjrkr

ik“kqirerkps iqu:TTkhou dj.;klkBh ydqyh“kkus pYYkqdk vorkj /kkj.k dsyk vls

13- rxkjs x-ok-] “kSo n”kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh rRRoKku egkdks”k eaMG] iq.ks] 1987]

i`-Ø- 33-

14- EP.Ind.P.282

¼150½

gseorh mRdh.kZ ys[kkr EgVys vkgs-15 egkjk’Vªkr ?kkjkiqjh ¼eqacbZ toG½ ys.;krhy ewrhZ

ydqyh“k ik“kqikrk“kh lacaf/kr vkgsr-16

nf{k.ksrhy b-lu- 1078 lkyP;k ,dk

f“kykys[kkr ,dk riLohyk ydqyh“k vls EgVys xsys-17 12O;k 'krdkrhy f“kykys[kkr

lkses“oj lqjhus ydqfy“kkP;k rÙoKkukpk iqUgk çpkj dsY;kpk mYYks[k lkiMrks-18 b-lu

1285 P;k f“kykys[kkr nku ns.kkjk O;Drh ydqfy“kkP;k iaFkkpk lnL; vlY;kps EgVys

vkgs-19 dypqjh jktoa“kkus ¼vYg.knsoh vkf.k cksgyk jk.kh½ ik“kqir erkyk çlkjkFkZ enr

dsyh vkf.k ik“kqirkpk;kZlkBh dkagh eB HksMk?kkV bFks cka/kwu fnys20

dY;k.kh pkyqD; dkyhu dksjho ys[kkae/kwu vkysyh ik“kqirkaps lanHkZ

b-l-P;k ngkO;k 'krdki;Zar 'kSo ik“kqir laçnk;kr cjsp ifjorZu ?kMwu vkysys

gksrs- dY;k.kh pkyqD;ka“kh lacaf/kr f“kykys[kke/;s ik“kqirkapk mYys[k vk<Grks- gs

mYys[k ik“kqir o ik“kqirka“kh lacaf/kr dkykeq[kh iaFkk“kh vkysys vkgsr- mÙkj pkyqD;

dky[kaMkr ik“kqir 'kk[kk ijorhZr Lo:ikr fnlrs- iq<s rh dkykeq[kh Eg.kwu vksG[kyh

tkow ykxys- ^jk“kh* vFkok îafMr* v“kk inO;k ik“kqir dkykeq[kh vkpk;kZauh vkiY;k

ukokiq<s /kkj.k dsysY;k fnlrkr-21 vls vlys rjhgh dkgh f“kykys[kkae/;s ek= ik“kqir

o R;kaP;k vkpk;kZapk mYys[k vkysyk fnlrks- pkyqD;kaps lkear f“kykgkj jktk ekjflag

;kP;k b-l- 1058 lkyP;k fejt f“kykys[kkr ik“kqir vkpk;Z fpd~nsojk; o R;kph

xq:ijaijk fnlrs- fpdnsojk; gs czãs“oj nsokps f“k’; gksrs- R;kauk fejath ¼vk/kqfud

fejt½ ;sFks nku fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr f“kykyss[kkr ;srks-22 rhFkZ] ¼ftYgk lksykiqj½

15- JBBR AS XXII, P.101

16- Charles-I - Callins: Elephanta and The Relief, of Lakulisà Pasupata- Joaos 102-104

(Oct.-Dec 1982) PP 605- 615

17- Ep-Ind-part 7, Sekarpur, P.NO. 107

18- ,- dukZVd] Hkkx 07] [kaM 02] i`-Ø- 64 19- ;nqoa”kh] “kSoer] çFke vko`Ùkh fcgkj jk’VªHkk’kk ifj’kn] iV.kk] 1955] i`’B Øa-158-

20- vH;adj “kadj oklqnso ¼laiknd½] HkDrhdks”k] çFke vko`Ùkh] vkfnR; çfr’Bku] iq.ks] ekpZ

2001] i`-Ø-1299-

21- f“ko.kh f“kykys[k&:nz“kDrh iafMr] rhFkZ f“kykys[k&foey“kDrh iafMr] fucajxh f“kykys[k]

czg~ejk“kh iafMr] djM[ksy f“kykys[k& panz“ks[kj iafMr o Kkus“oj iafMr] rjM[ksy

f“kykys[k & okXks“oj iafMr] HkSjueV~Vh f“kykys[k & flagjk“kh] eksj[kaMh f“kykys[k &xaxjk“kh

iafMr bR;knh

22- Upadhya G.N., Kannada Univesity Epigraphical series – VI, Kannada Inscriptions of

Maharashtra, First impression, Director, Prasaranga, Kannada University, Hampi,

Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No.174 – 177.

¼151½

;sFkhy ik“kqir vkpk;kZyk o 'kSo ik“kqir eBkyk pkyqD; jktk foØekfnR; lgkO;kpk

lkear dypqjh tksxejlkus nku fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr b-l- 1082 P;k f“kykys[kkr

;srks-23 ukansM ftYg;krhy djM[ksy o rM[ksy gs ik“kqirkaph çfln~/k LFkGs vlY;kph

rsFkhy f“kykys[kko:u Li’V gksrs- ;sFks pkyqD;kaps lkear ukSG ac oa“kh;kph lÙkk gksrh-

R;kauh o R;kaP;k ç“kkldh; vf/kdkÚ;kauh ik“kqir eBkf/k“kkauk fofo/k xkokrhy djkP;k

:ikus feG.kkjs mRiUu fnY;kps vk<Grs-24 lkaxyh ftYg;krhy macj.kh ;sFkhy dksjho

ys[kkr ik“kqir eBkf/k“kkaph o.kZus vkysyh vkgsr-25 ckxydksV ftYg;krhy csGxh

;sFkhy pkyqD; jktk HkqoukSdeYy ¼b-l- 1075½ P;k f“kykys[kkr fdlwdkMw &70

çkarkrhy cknwacs;pkikGw gs xko nku fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks- gs nku oGwUnpk vf/kdkjh

panhejlkus fnysys gksrs-26 eksj[kaMh ft-fcnj ;sFkhy f“kykys[kkuqlkj ik“kqir vkpk; Z

xaxs“oj ;kyk jkoh“ksV~Vh ukokP;k O;kikÚ;kus nku fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks- ¼110 xn;kau

okf’kZd mRiUukph ckxk;rh tfeu½27 fcnj ftYg;krhy gkG~Gh ;sFkhy pkyqD; jktk

f=Hkqou eYykpk lkear jk?kojke ;kus iseksZMh jktkpk naMuk;d ¼lsukirh½ P;k

vkKso:.k iais“oj eafnjkyk nku nsrsosGh eqGpk mÙkjsrhy okjk.klh ;sFkhy jfgok“kh

vl.kkjk o gkG~Gh ;sFks vkysyk ik“kqirkpk;Z jRuoklh ;k vkpk;kZph ikniwtk d:u

R;kyk Hkqnku fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr xkokrhy f“kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-28 ;ko:u ;k

dky[kaMkr mÙkj Hkkjrkrwu vusd ik“kqir vkpk;Z nf{k.k Hkkjrkr vkY;kps Li’V gksrs-

lkjka“k :ikus vls lakxrk ;sbZy dh] osndkykiklwu çkphu ijaijk vlysyk o

vf[ky Hkkjrkr iljysyk ik“kqir laçnk; gk egÙokpk 'kSolaiznk; vkgs- mRrj

Hkkjrkrqu ;k laiznk;kpk izlkj nf{k.ksr >kyk- mRrj ¼dY;k.k½ pkyqD; dky[kaMki;Zar



Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No. 242 – 243.

24- Upadhya G.N., ibid, Page No.92-94, 96-97, 102-103, 107.

25- Upadhya G.N., ibid, Page No.163 - 168

26- Reddy Devarakonda, Kannada Univesity Epigraphical series – IX, Bagalkot District,

First impression, Director, Prasaranga, Kannada University, Hampi, Vidyaranya,

Hospet, Bellary District, March 2006, Page No. 57 – 60.

27- Reddy Devarakonda, Kannada Univesity Epigraphical series – VIII, Bidar District,


Hospet, Bellary District, 2006, Page No.77 - 78

28- Reddy Devarakonda,ibid, Page No.83 - 84

¼152½

;k laiznk;kps vuq;k;h nf{k.ksr ;sr jkfgys- rRdkyhu 'kkludR;kaZuhgh ;k laiznkf;d

vkpk;kZauk fofo/k izdkjP;k ns.kX;k fnY;kps ojhy dkgh ,sfrgkfld lk/kukao#u Li’V

gksrs-

dkykeq[kh laçnk;

dkykeq[kh laçnk;kph lk/kus o R;kpk bfrgkl

dkykeq[kh laçnk;k”kh lacaf/kr eksB;k çek.kkr iqjkrÙoh; lk/kus miyC/k vkgsr-

T;ke/;s f”kykys[kkph la[;k eksB;k çek.kkr vkgs- dkykeq[kh laçnk;k”kh lacaf/kr

f”kykys[k dukZVdkrhy f”keksxk] csyxkae] csYykjh] fotkiwj] /kkjokM] fpdeaxGqj]

fp=nqxZ] glu] dksykj o rqedqj ;k ftYgîkr vk<Grkr- egkjk’Vªkr lkaxyh] lksykiwj]

mLekukckn] ykrwj o ukansM rj vka/kzçns”kkrhy fu>kekckn] cks/ku] o ifjljkr

dkykeq[kh laçnk;k”kh lacaf/kr f”kykys[k vk<Grkr- ;krhy cgqrka”k f”kykys[k dY;k.kh

pkyqD; o dypqjh jktoVh”kh lacaf/kr vlwu( dkykeq[khP;k xq:auk o eB eafnjkauk

fnysY;k Kkuk”kh lacaf/kr vkgsr- ;k f”kykys[kkao:u dkyeq[khph xq:ijaijk] lk/kuk

i/nrh o R;kaP;k “kS{kf.kd dk;kZlaca/khph ekfgrh miyC/k gksrs-

jkekuqtkpk;kZP;k ¼11 os 'krd½ czgelq=koj 2-2-37 vkiY;k Hkk’;kr dkikfyd

rlsp dkykeq[k ;k ukaokps o.kZu osn fojks/kh pfj=kP;k :ikr djrkr-29 f”kok;

dukZVd] vka/kzçns”k o nf{k.k egkjk’Vªkr vk<Gwu vkysY;k f”kykys[k o rkeziVkr

dkykeq[kkapk mYYks[k vk<Grks- dkykeq[kkapk çkphu mYYks[k jk’VªdqV jktk xksfoan

frlÚ;kP;k b-l- 807 P;k uanh rkeziVkr vkgs- R;kr vls fyghys vkgs dh] bZ”ojnkl

;k jktkus uanhP;k nsoky;kpk eq[; vlysY;k ,dk dkykeq[k iaFkkP;k iq:’kkyk ,d

xko buke fnyk-30 dkykeq[k iaFkkps oSf”k’Vîs vls dh] b-l-iwoZ e/;s dks.krsp mYYks[k

vk<Gwu ;sr ukghr- ek= ;k iaFkkP;k equhaps vusd mYYks[k ek= uarjP;k f”kykys[kkr

miYkC/k vkgsr- uknhdksM b-l- 958 o rqedwj ftYgîkrhy gseorh ;sfFky f”kykys[kkr

29- eapjdj jRukdj ckiqjko] ohj”kSo laçnk;] çFke vko`Ùkh] MkW-ok-x-dY;k.kdj xkSjo lferh

çdk”ku] Jhjkeiqj] lIVsacj 1989] i`-Ø-162-

30- laiknd eaMG] ohj”kSo fo”odks”k] [kaM 1] çFke vko`Ùkh] vf[ky Hkkjrh; ejkBh ohj”kSo


¼153½

dkykeq[kh vkpk;Zakph ukos vkysyh vkgsr-31 jk’VªdqV jktk Ñ’.k frlÚ;kP;k dkGkr b-

l- 958 lkyh xxuf”ko ;k dkykeq[k vkpk;kZyk dkagh nku fnY;kpk mYYks[k dÚgkM

;sFkhy rkeziVkr fnlrks- gk xxuf”ko o bZ”kkuf”kokpk f”k’; vlwu oYdys”oj eBkpk

vkpk;Z gksrk- rlsp rks f”ko fln~/kkarkr fuiw.k gksrk- dkykeq[kkaph ,d mi”kk[kk Eg.kwu

letY;k tk.kkÚ;k eÙke;wj oa”kkP;k ddZjks.kh “kk[ksrhy vkpk;Z vHHkkstflu ;kP;k

vk=s; uked f”k’;kyk vOOks”oj nsokP;k iqtslkBh dkagh xkos nku fnY;kpk mYYks[k

nf{k.k dksd.kkrhy f”kygkjkaP;k jRukfxjh ftYg;krhy [kkjsikV.k ;k xkaoh lkiMysY;k

rkeziVkr vk<Grks- lsÅ.kpanz ;kno nqljk ;kus ukf”kd ftYgîkrhy fpapksyh gs xko

R;kpk dkykeq[k iaFkh; jktiqjksfgr loZnsokpk;Z ;kl nku fnY;kpk mYYks[k b-l- 1069

P;k olbZ rkeziVkr feGrks- dY;k.k pkyqD;kaP;k uarjgh iwoZdkyhu ;kno dky[kaMkr

dkgh vioknkRed mYys[k dksjho ys[kkaP;k ek/;ekrwu dkykeq[khaph vkysyh vkgsr-

;kuarj ek= vls mYys[k vk<Gr ukghr-32 ;kno jktk Ñ’.k ;kus vkiY;k njckjkr

dkykeq[kkauk jktkJ; fnysyk gksrk- csGxko ftYg;krhy euksyh f”kykys[kkr “kds

1174 jktxq:l losZ”oj nso ;k dkykeq[k “kSo iqtkÚ;kyk txnh”ojkP;k iqtslkBh dkgh

tehu nku fnY;kc/nypk mYYks[k vk<Grks-33 xfMgG~Gh f”kykys[kkr fnO;”kDrh iafMr

o R;kapk f”k’; okeuiaMhr ukokaP;k dkGkeq[k equhpk mYYks[k vk<Gwu ;srks- ;k “kk[ksP;k

vk|xq:ps uko ukgh- JhioZr efYYkdktZwu f”kykeB ioZroGh; flagijh’kn Jh”kSy

ioZrkojhy çfl/n efYykdktZwu f”kykeBps vkpk;Z ekykew[k riks/ku jkes”oj iafMrkl

dkdrh; nqlÚ;k csgjktkus nku fnY;kpk mYys[k guqedksaM f”kykys[kkr vkgs- l/;k gk

f”kykys[k dknyheB] Jh”kSy ioZrkoj vlwu R;kps vkrk ohj”kSo /kfeZ; eBkr ifjorZu

>kysys vkgs- dkykeq[kka”kh lacaf/kr HkquoYYkh f”kykys[kkr dkykeq[k equh losZ”oj nsokpk

mYys[k vkgs- R;kr R;kaps ykdqykxe] le; leqnz/k.k] taxe fyaxkorkj] mHk;dqy”kqn~/k]

31- laiknd eaMG] ohj”kSo fo”odks”k] [kaM 1] çFke vko`Ùkh] vf[ky Hkkjrh; ejkBh ohj”kSo


32- ^^;kno jktk fHkYyeus b-l- 1191 gks;lGoa”kh; ohjcYykGoj dsysY;k LokjhP;k dkGkr

fln~/kkar panzHkw’k.k iafMr ;k dkykeq[kiaFkh; LFkkudkpk;kZyk ,d xko nku fnys gksrs-**&

j?kqukFk egk:nz Hkqlkjh] çkphu egkjk’Vªkpk /kkfeZd bfrgkl ¼b-l-iwoZ 200 rs b-l-1350½]

çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh lkfgR; ifj’kn] vka/kzçns”k] gSnzckn] ,fçy] 1965] i`-Ø-52-

33- laiknd eaMG] ohj”kSo fo”odks”k] ohj”kSo fo”odks”k] [kaM 1] çFke vko`Ùkh] vf[ky Hkkjrh;

ejkBh ohj”kSo lkfgR; eaMG] ukxiwj] fMlsacj 2001] i`-Ø-75-

¼154½

dkykeq[k] elh;] jktxqq: losZ”oj vls o.kZu dsys vkgs-34 dY;k.kh pkyqD; dkyhu

ukansM ftYg;krhy nsxywj ifjljkrhy f”kykys[kkae/;s dkykeq[k vkpk;kZapk mYYks[k

fnlrks- pkyqD; “kkldkauh fo|knkuklkBh Eg.kwu dkykeq[k vkpk;kZauk tfeuh nku

fnysY;k gksR;k-

dkykeq[khaph çeq[k LFkGs

dY;k.kh pkyqD; dypqjh dky[kaMkr R;kaP;k jkT;kr dkykeq[khaph dkgh

çfl/n LFkkus gksrh- rsFkhy eBkaP;k o eafnjkaP;k fu;a=.kk[kkyh brj dkgh dkykeq[kh

eB eafnjs laLFkkus gksrh- mnk- b-l- 1094 lkyh fuekZ.k >kysY;k cG~Gsxkoh ;sFkhy

dsnkjs”oj ¼dksaMh½ eBkP;k vf/kiR;k[kkyh /kkjokM ftYg;krhy vcywj] gGsfuaMxqanh]

xnx] lqMhps eB o f”keksxk ftYg;krhy gDdyw eB gs dkykeq[kh eB laLFkkus gksrh-

;kapk dkjHkkj dsnkjs”oj eBkP;k ek/;ekrwu pkyr vls- ;k loZ eB o eafnj laLFkkuk

jkT;lÙksdMwu vxzgkjkP;k :ikus nku/keZ dsys tkr vls- cG~Gsxkaoh ;sFkhy çeq[k

dkykeq[kh LFkGkf”kok; Jhfxjh@Jh”kSY; gs gh dkykeq[kkaps ,d çHkko”kkyh dsanzLFkku

gksrs- ;kfo’k;h vf/kd ppkZ çdj.k Ø- 4 e/;s dsysys vkgs- dkykeq[kh laU;k”kh ;a=&

ra= vFkok ;f{k.kh fo+|sr ikjaxr gksrs- peRdkjkeqGs fojks/kdkapk ikMko djr gksrs- dksaMh

eBkr ikBîØe jpusr O;Dr >kysys uSiq.; fuj{kj rkaf=d ¼ekaf=d½ lk/kw feGow

“kd.kkj ukghr vls ykWjsatu ;kaps er vkgs-35 ;sFks fo”ks’k Eg.kts dkykeq[kkaP;k eBklkBh

çfln~/k vlysY;k cG~Gsxkaoh o Jhfxjh gs clos”ojkaP;k dkGkr fyaxk;r /kekZP;k

izHkkok[kkyh ;sowu dkGkuqlkj fyaxk;r eBkP;k LFkkiuslkBh] /kekZP;k çpkjklkBh

mi;qDr Bjys- ;k laca/khph ppkZ vki.k iq<hy çdj.kkr dj.kkj vkgksr-

ojhy dkykeq[kh çeq[k LFkGkf”kok; /kkjokM ftYg;krhy xnx gs gh

dkykeq[khaps ,d çeq[k LFkku gksrs- b-l- 1192 lkyh gks;lG jktk nqlÚ;k cYykGkus

34- eksxysokj lq/kkdj] ohj”kSo /keZiaFk% bfrgkl o rÙoKku] çFkeko`Ùkh] uVjkt çdk”ku] ukxiwj]

,fçy 1976] i`-Ø- 61-

35- Lorenzen David N., The Kapalikas and Kalamukhas, First Published, University of

California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles 1972, Page No. 103

¼155½

dkykeq[kh f=dksVs”oj eafnjkyk xzkenku fnys gksrs- ;k nsoLFkkukpk çeq[k dkykeq[kh

vkpk;Z panzHk w’k.k gk rkaf=d erkpk vkpk;Z gksrk- rkaf«kd fØ;klkBh okekaph vko”;drk

vls- ;klkBh dnkfpr R;kus f=dksVs”oj eafnj ifjljkr os”;koLrh mHkkjyh vlkoh-

vls Eg.k.;kis{kk lektkus mis{khr BsoysY;k nsonklhauk /keZ izfdz;sr lkekoqu ?ks.;kph

rka=hdkaph Hkqfedk gksrh- rkaf=d fØ;k dekZlkBh o R;akuk ;kr lkekoqu ?ks.;klkBh

nsonkflps R;kaus leFkZu dsys rlk mYys[k eafnjkrhy f”kykys[kkr fnlrks-36

ojhy dkgh çeq[k LFkkukf”kok; csGxkao ftYg;krhy equoG~Gh] egkjk’Vªkrhy

ukansM ftYg;krhy djM[ksy o ykrwj ftYg;krhy fuyaxk rkyqD;krhy x.ks”kokMh gh

dkykeq[kh laçnk;kph çeq[k laLFkkus gksrh-

dkykeq[kh miiaFk

Ykdqyh”k ik”kqirkph ,d mi”kk[kk Eg.kwu dkykeq[k laçnk;kpk mn; >kyk-37

ik”kqirkaçek.ks dkykeq[kgh ozr djrkr ;k ozrkr daBekyk ,d nkfxuk] dkukrhy

nkfxuk] f”kjksHkw’k.k] HkLe o ;Kksifor /kkj.k dj.ks] MksD;kP;k doVhrwu vUu ?ks.ks]

iszrj{kk vaxkl Qkl.ks] jDr çk”ku] lksVk /kkj.k] nk:HkkaMs voyac ;k xks’Vh vko”;d

vlr- R;kaP;k ers dks.kR;kgh tkrhpk ek.kwl czkã.kp gksrks o gs ozr ?ksrY;kl lk/kq

curks- vlk “kSo iaFkkrhy dV~Vj rkaf=d laçnk; vlY;kph Xokgh MkW-nk-y-lg+L=cq/ns

nsrkr- jkekuqt ¼11os “krd½ ek= dkykeq[kkl êgkozr/kkj o yxwM/kj* Eg.krks-38

dkykeq[kkl ^dkykeq[k* vlsgh EgVys tkrs- dikGkokj Ñ’.ko.khZ vkMok iV~Vk

yko.;kP;k R;kaP;k ç?kkrko:u dkykeq[k fdaok dkykeq[kh gs ukao iMys vlkos vlk

Vh-,- xksihukFkjko lkj[;k fo}kukapk rdZ vkgs-

36- vksG Ø- 1 & leqnzkrhy ykVk LFkfxr gksow “kdrhy i.k n;ke;h vlysY;k vkpk;kZl

fujarji.ks nku ;sr jkgrkr- vksG Ø- 2 & vUu] lqo.kZ] vkS’k/k] ik.kh] oL=knh] nku

R;kP;kdMwu ?ksrysyh turk lek/kkuh vkgs- vksG Ø- 3 & panzHkw”k.kus nsoLFkkukpk

¼f=dksVs”oj½ th.kksZ/nkj dsyk- ,d uohu laqnjiwj cka/kys- ;k vxksnj nsoLFkkukiklwu nwj

vlysys os”;kx`g LFkaykrjhr d:u nsoLFkkukP;k cktwyk vk.kys-

¼xnx ;sFkhy f=dksVs”oj eafnj f”kykys[k½

37- rxkjs x-ok-] “kSo n”kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] ejkBh rRoKku egkdks”k eaMG] iq.ks] 1987] i`-Ø-223-

38- rxkjs x-ok-] “kSo n”kZu]mDr] i`-Øa-224-

¼156½

;k laçnk;kps 1-“kDrhifj’kn 2-flagifj’kn vls nksu miiaFk gksrs- ;k laçnk;kpk

çlkj b-lukP;k vdjkO;k] ckjkO;k o rsjkO;k “krdkP;k iqokZ/kkZr eq[;r% dukZVd o

vka/kzins”kkpk dkagh Hkkx ;kr gksrk- vls miyC/k f”kykys[kko:u fnlrs- ;k

laçnk;kiSdh “kfDRkifj’kn gh eq[;r% /kkjokM o f”keksxk ftYg;kr çHkkoh gksrh- R;k

ifj’knsP;k nsoky;kauk o eBkuk fnysY;k ns.kX;k ueqn dj.kkÚ;k f”kykys[kkaph la[;k

f”kykys[kkaojhy lkaçnkf;d] ,sfrgkfld] o brj ekfgrhph foiqyrk ;ko:u fnlrs-

flagifj’kn] dukZVd] vka/kz o egkjk’VªkP;k nf{k.k çkarkr foLrkjysyh vlyh( rjh R;kapk

nsoky;kauk o eBkauk fnysY;k ns.kX;kaP;k f”kykys[kkaph la[;k “kfDrijh’knsis{kk deh

vkgs- ;k laçnk;kps laLFkkid ok çpkjd dkf”ejh czkã.k vlkosr vls fotkiwj

ftYg;krhy fotkiwj ¼b-l-1074&75½ eqÙkxh ¼b-l-1147 o b-l-1158½ ;sFkhy

f”kykays[kkrwu vk<Grs- gs loZ vkpk;Z dnkfpr dkf”ejh ulrhygh i.k gs czkã.k

vlkosr] dkj.k rs ydqykxer ¼ydqyh”kÑr ik”kqirlw= bR;knh½ rK gksrs- ;k

laçnk;krhy ;rhaP;k ¼xq:aP;k½ ukokiq<s ^jklh*] îafMr* o ^”kDrh* v”kh miins tksMr

vlr-39 i.k R;kp cjkscj rs osn “kkL= ¼O;kdj.k] U;k;ehekalk] bR;knh½] iqjk.k] bfrgkl

o uhrh”kkL= ;krgh ikjaxr gksrs- ;ksxfo|soj R;kapk Hkj gksrk- R;kaP;k eBkrwu ;k

fo|kaps f”k{k.k fnys tkbZ- o R;kcíy R;kauk rÙdkyhu lÙkkf/k”kkadMwu ns.kX;k

feGkY;kps f”kykys[kkr ueqn dsys vkgs-40 R;kaph nsoky;s ¼mnk-dsnkj s”oj] lkseukFk]

iapfyax bR;knh½] egknsokph ¼f”kofyaxkph½ vlwu R;krhy dkagh ys[kkar o.kkZJe /kekZoj

Hkj vlyk rjh ik”kqirkaçek.ks rs loZ o.kZkauk Kkunku djhr- R;kaP;kuarj vkysY;k

ohj”kSokçek.ks KkusPNqdkauk Kku dj.;kfo’k;hP;k lwpuk dkagh ys[kkr vk<Grkr-

39- vrdjs ds-,l-] xkMxhG fo|k] la”kks/kueqnzk] çFke vko`Ùkh] dSykl ifCyds”kUl] vkSjaxkckn]

tqyS 2009] i`-Ø- 332

40- f}osnh ikjlukFk] Hkkjrh; n”kZu] çFkeko`Ùkh] Jhjke esgjk vWUM daiuh] vkxzk] 1973]

i`-Ø- 332-

¼157½

dY;k.kh pkyqD; o dkykeq[kh laçnk;

“kSo ik”kqiaFkkph ijkorhZr “kk[kk Eg.kwu dkykeq[kh iaFkkdMs ikfgys tkrs- ngkO;k

“krdki;Zar miyC/k f”kykys[kko:u ik”kqirkaps :ikarj dkykeq[k laçnk;kr >kysys

vk<Grs- dY;k.kh pkyqD; dkyhu f”kykys[kke/;s dkykeq[khaph xq:ijaijk lkaxrkuk rh

ik”kqir vkpk;kZauk nk[kfoysyh vkgs- pkyqD; dky[kaMkr rk af=d “kSo Eg.kwu letyh

tk.kkjh gh “kk[kk yksdfç; vlY;kps rÙdkyhu fofo/k dksjho ys[kkaP;k vk/kkjs Li’V

gksrs-

MkGhac ¼ft-mLekukckn½ ;sFkhy dY;k.kh pkyqD; foØekfnR; lgkO;kP;k

dky[kaMkrhy f”kykys[kkr ;k çns”kkpk egkeaMys”oj vgoeYyjl ;kpk mYys[k ;srks-

^MkGhac* ;sFks dkykeq[kh laçnk;kps eB gksrs- ;k eBkps vkpk;Z ^laxes”oj iafMr* gs

vlwu R;kauh dsysY;k fo|knkukeqGs êgkeaMys”oj vgoeYyjlk*us Hkwnku dsY;kpk

mYys[k mijksDr f”kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-41 mÙkj dukZVd dkykeq[kh iaFkkps dsanz gksrs-

mÙkj dukZVdkrhy ckaxydksV ftYg;krhy ^gkyqj* ;sFkhy b-l- 1030 P;k dksjho

ys[kkuqlkj pkyqD; jktk t;flag nqljk ;kpk lkaer ûkxfr;jl rstksjk”kh* iafMr

;kyk nku fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks-42 ;kp ftYg;krhy b-l- 1033 P;k ^HkSj.keV~Vh*

f”kykys[kkr dkykeq[kh laçnk;kpk ^flagjk”kh* ukokP;k mi”kk[kspk mYys[k ;srks- pkyqD;

lkaer fla/koaf”k; ukxkfnR;kus dkykeq[kh mi”kk[kk flagjk”kh iafMr ukxkfnR; HkV~Vkpk;Z

o rstksjl iafMr ;kauk] ;q/nklkBh tkr vlrkuk R;kaph ikniwtk d:u nku /keZ

dsY;kpk mYys[k ;srks-43 djM[ksy iklwu toGp vl.kkÚ;k rM[ksy ¼ft-ukansM½ gs gh

,d dkykeq[khaps çfl/n dsanz gksrs- pkyqD; jktk lkses”oj çFkeP;k dky[kaMkrhy b-l-

1047 P;k f”kykys[kkr44

pkyqD; jktoa”kkph oa”kkoG vk<Grs- pkyqD; jktk

=SyksD;eynso ;kP;k ijkØekps o.kZu ;kr vkgs- =Syksdeynso o R;kpk lsukirh



Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No.3-7



Hospet, Bellary District, March 2006, Page No.31 – 32.

43- Reddy Devarakonda, ibid, Page No.34 – 36.

44- gk f”kykys[k xn; o in; Lo:ikr vlwu çkphu dUuM lkfgR;kph ekfgrh miyC/k gksrs-

¼158½

ukxoeZ o ek/ko ;kaps “kkS;Z o.kZu foLrkjkus vkysys vkgs- ;kauh pkyqD;kaPkk jkT;kpk

foLrkj mÙkj Hkkjrkr dsysyk gksrk- ;k ijkØeh lsukirhauh rM[ksy ;sFkhy dkykeq[kh

vkpk;Z okxs”oj iafMrkauh dsysys fo|kKkukps dk;Z ikgwu R;kauk eksBs nku/keZ fnY;kpk

mYys[k çLrqr f”kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-45 ;kp ftYgÓkrhy HkaMkjdoBs ;k xkokrhy

b-l- 1069 pk vkfexhnso dkyhu f”kykys[kkr v.knqj 3000 ;k çkarkpk mYys[k ;srks-

;k çkarkrhy HkaMkjxoVhxh ¼vk/kqfud HkaMkjdoBs½ ;sFkhy xzkeçeq[k eqnxkSaM ;kP;k

lkax.;ko:u loZ xkodÚ;kauh xkokrhy dkykeq[kh eBkrhy vkpk;Z czãjk”kh iafMr

;kyk nku fnys-46ckxydksV ftYg;krhy ^csGxh* ;k rkyqD;kaP;k xkoh b-l- 1075

lkyP;k HkqouksdeYy pkyqD;kP;k 'kkludkGkrhy f”kykys[kkr dkykeq[khaph nqljh

mi”kk[kk ^^dkykeq[kh ;rh ioZroGh;** pk mYys[k ;srks- ;k 'kk[ksrhy Hkqou”kDrh iafMr

nsokps f”k"; rRiq:"k iafMr nso ts fo|knkuklkBh çfln~/k gksrs- R;kauk ;k dk;kZlkBh

^fdlqdkMw* 70 ;k çkarkrhy ^cknwcs;* gs xko nku Eg.kwu fnys gksrs- ^csGxh* gs xko

pkyqD; dky[kaMkrhy fo|knkukps çfln~/k LFkG gksrs- ;sFks fo|knku dj.kkjs o

fo|knku ?ks.kkjs mik/;k; ,d eRrj ckxk;r tehu o fo|kF;kZauk 16 eÙkj tfeu o

rsFkhy ikgjsdjh o lsodkauk 30 eÙkj Hkweh nkukP;k Lo:ikr fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr

f”kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-47ukansM ftYgîkrhy djM[ksy ;sFkhy f”kykys[k egkeaMys”oj

dDdjl ;kP;k dky[kaMkrhy b-l- 1078 lkypk vkgs- ;kr ik”kqir “kk[kk Eg.kwu

dkykeq[khapk mYys[k vkysyk vkgs- ;k xkokrhy ik”kqir dkykeq[khaP;k eBkpk çeq[k

vkpk;Z panz”ks[kj iafMr ;kyk vkojokMh] ¼vk/kqfud vkSjkn] ft-fcnj] dukZVd½]

dkoGxkao] vkywj] lDdjxk] HkkbZxko ;sFkhy mRiUu nku Eg.kwu fnysys vkgs-48fcnj

ftYg;krhy ¼dukZVd jkT;½ êkSj[kaMh* ;sFkhy b-l- 1079 P;k pkyqD; jktk ^f=Hkqou*

eYyP;k dk;ZfdnhZe/khy dksjho ys[kkr jkoh”ksV~Vh ukokP;k O;kikÚ;kus R;kP;kdMs



Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No.107

46- Upadhya G.N., ibid, Page No.250- 251



Hospet, Bellary District, March 2006, Page No.57 – 60.

48- Upadhya G.N., op.cit., Page No.92 - 93.

¼159½

vlysyh laiw.kZ LFkkoj ekyeÙkk o R;kyk feG.kkjs ¼O;ktkP;k ek/;ekrwu½ laiw.kZ mRiUu

dkykeq[kh vkpk;Z ^xaxjk”kh iafMr nso* ;kyk fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr dksjho ys[kkr

;srks-49 nf{k.k lksykiwj ftYgîkrhy nf{k.k Hkkxkrhy rhFkZ ;sFkhy b-l- 1082 vFkok

1108 P;k jkefyaxs”oj eafnjkrhy f”kykys[kkuqlkj pkyqD; “kkld foØekfnR;

lgkO;kpk lkaer fot;kfnR; ;kph jk.kh in~eynsoh o eqyxk ¼ukokpk mYys[k dksjho

ys[kkr ukgh½ çLrqr xkokrhy ik”kqir dkykeq[kh vkpk;Z vkuan”kDrh iafMr ;kyk nku

fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks-50

mÙkj dukZVdkrhy dksIiy ftYg;krgh dkykeq[khaph dkgh LFkGs fnlwu ;srkr-

R;kuqlkj ^dYywj* ;sFkhy pkyqD; “kkld foØekfnR;kP;k dky[kaMkrhy b-l- 1098 P;k

f”kykys[kkr dkykeq[kh dyhnso eBkP;k th.kkZ/nkjklkBh o ^cUurqj* xkoP;k f”kokjkrhy

nf{k.ksdMhy 50 eÙkj Hkweh o ;sjcxh xkoP;k nf{k.ksdMhy 50 eÙkj Hkweh o brj 20

eÙkj Hkweh v”kh 10 eÙkj Hkweh] uankfniklkBh ,d rsykpk ?kk.kk dkykeq[kh ;srh-51

f”ko”kDrh iafMrkP;k lkfUUk/;kr fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr f”kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-52

;kp xkokr ,dw.k uÅ f”kykys[k pkyqD; ledkyhu vlwu R;krhy ojhy

f”kykys[kkaf”kok; b-l- 1102 lkyP;k f”kykys[kkr egklkaer BDdjlu ;kus

fo|knkuklkBh çfl/n vlysY;k dkykeq[kh “kSo vkpk;Z panz”ks[kj iafMr nso ;kyk nku

fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks-53 ;sFkhy nqlÚ;k ,dk f”kykys[kkr pkyqD;kaps lkaer oUghdqy

oa”kkrhy ddsZjl jktkus dkykeq[kh iafMr panz”ks[kj iafMr o R;kpk lgk¸;d vkpk;Z

Kkus”oj o ;ksxs”oj ;kauk nku fnysys f”kykys[kkr fnlrs-54 pkyqD; dky[kaMkr

djM[ksy 2000 gh djM[ksy çkarkph jkt/kkuh vlwu ;sFkhy lkaer ;sjs;ejl oUghdqy



Hospet, Bellary District, March 2006, Page No.77 – 78



Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No. 243-248

51- dkykeq[kh vkpk;kZauk dkgh f”kykys[kkr ^^;rh** vlk 'kCnç;ksx dsysyk vk<Grks-

52- Reddy Devarakonda, Kannada Univesity Epigraphical series – III, Koppal, First

impression, Director, Prasaranga, Kannada University, Hampi, Vidyaranya, Hospet,

Bellary District, 1999, Page No. 174 – 177

53- Upadhya G.N., op.cit, Page No.94

54- Upadhya G.N., lbid, Page No.96 - 97.

¼160½

jktoa”kkrhy gksrk- ;kus vkojokMh 700] y?kqçkarkrhy vkyqj] xkSaMxko] dkoGxko]

nSloGxh] nqDdkos] cksjhxkos ¼vk/kqfud cksjxkao½ us:yxs] fgIiGxkos ¼vk/kqfud fgIiGxk½

lDdjxk 90 ¼vk/kqfud l[kjxk½ ;sFkhy feG.kkjs mRiUu ojhy dkykeq[kh vkpk;kZauh

dsysys “kS{kf.kd dk;Z ikgwu R;kauk nku fnysys vk<Grs-55

vk/kqfud ukansM ftYg;kpk nf{k.k iwoZ Hkkx dkykeq[khaP;k /kkfeZd çHkkok[kkyh

gksrk- lxjksGh ;sFkhy b-l- 1110 P;k f”kykys[kkuqlkj ^;sdIik uk;d* ukokP;k

LFkkfud ç”kkldkus dkykeq[kh vkpk;Z ^czãjk”kh iafMr* ;kyk nku fnY;kpk mYys[k

;srks-56 ;kp çek.ks ^lduqj* ;sFkhy pkyqD; 'kkld foØekfnR;kpk lkeaRk vkpjl ;kus

dkykeq[kh nsojk”kh iafMr ;kyk Hkwnku fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks- ¼b-l- 1113½57 b-l- 1115

P;k ;k xkokrhy f”kykys[kkr cks/ku 700 çkarkrhy daiUu 24 e/;s lojGh ¼vk/kqfud

lxjksGh½ ;sFkhy dkykeq[kh eBkpk;Z cEejk”kh iafMr ;kyk oUghdqy oa”kkrhy ^cYyjl*

;k lkaerkus nku fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks-58 dY;k.kh pkyqD; dky[kaMkr djM[ksy ¼ft-

ukansM½ gs dkykeq[khaps eksBs dsanz gksrs- ;sFkhy miyC/k 7 f”kykys[kkiSdh 5 f”kykys[kkr

dkykeq[kh vkpk;kZapk mYys[k ;srks- ;sFkhy b-l- 1130 P;k f”kykys[kkr iqUgk Kkus”oj

iafMrkpk mYys[k ;srks-59

;ko:u gs Li"V gksrs dh] ;k dky[kaMkrhy vusd nku”kqjkauh dkykeq[kh

vkpk;kZauk laiÙkhpk R;kx eksB;k çek.kkr dsysyk gksrk- ;k ftYgÓkrhy ^gkylh*

¼rqxko½ ;sFkhy pkyqD; jktk HkwoyksdeYyP;k dkjfdnhZrhy b-l- 1137 P;k

f”kykys[kkuqlkj mÙkjs”oj nsoky;kps vkpk;Z ^foeGkfnR; iafMr* ;kyk egkeaMys”oj

^gsekMhjl* ¼gseknzhjl½ ;kus fnokcÙkhP;k lksbZlkBh ,d rsy?kk.kk o vkB eÙkj tfeu



Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No.100-102.

56- Upadhya G.N., ibid, Page No.124 - 125




58- Upadhya G.N., op.cit, Page No.127 - 128.

59- Upadhya G.N., lbid, Page No.103

¼161½

,d eÙkj Qqykph ckx nku fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr f”kykys[kkr ;srks-60 lksykiwj

ftYgîkrhy b-l- 1171 P;k ^f”ko.kh* f”kykys[kkr pkyqD;kaps lkear dypqjh jktk

^lksohnso* o R;kph jk.kh ^gkjyknsoh* ;kapk mYys[k ;srks- ;kpk iz/kku lks;hnsojlkus

rSykj &40 e/khy ^f”ko.kxh* ¼vk/kqfud f”ko.kh½ ;sFkhy ^dkykeq[kh eBkpkj

:nz”kDrhiafMr* ;kauk nku fnY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr f”kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-61

dkykeq[kh vkpk;Z ra=&ea=kr çfo.k gksrs- eqGkr gk 'kSo laçnk; rkaf=d Lo:ikpk

gksrk- dksIiy ftYg;krhy dqDduwj ;sFkhy b-l- 1178 P;k f”kykys[kkuqlkj pkyqD;kapk

egkeaMys”oj fl/kaoa”kh; îseksZMhy* o R;kpk vf/kdkjh ^pkÅaMs”oj* ;kauh dkykeq[kh

eBkrhy dkGs”oj tks ;rh ij aijsrhy gksrk gk vkpk;Z vusd fln~/kkar o 'kkL=kae/;s

ifjiw.kZ vlk gksrk rks ea=&ra= fo|sr Js"B gksrk- rks dkGhdkts"Bspkgh mikld

vlY;kpk mYys[k çLrqr f”kykys[kkr vkysyk vkgs-62

dkykeq[khph lk/kuk in~/kr o rÙoKku

dkykeq[kh laçnk;koj ik”kqir erkapk çHkko vlY;keqGs gk laçnk; ;ksXkh

laçnk; Eg.kwu vksG[kyk tkrks- ik”kqir] dkikfydklkj[;k lk/kuk i/nrhpk

dkykeq[khauh dkgh çek.kkr Lohdkj dsysyk fnlrks- ukeLej.k] ;K] ti] /;ku] lek/kh

;k lk/kuk i/nrhpk okij dkykeq[khauh dsY;kps b-l- 1094 P;k csGxkao ;sFkhy

dsnkj s”oj eafnjkP;k f”kykys[kko:u Li’V gksrs-63 dkf”ejh “kSo iaFkkpkgh dkykeq[khaoj

çHkko iMysyk gksrk- R;keqGsgh dkf”ejh lk/kuk in~/krhpk o rÙoKku Lohdkj

dkykeq[khauh dsysyk vkgs-64 dkykeq[khauh vkiY;k rÙoKkukr dk;Zdkj.k ;ksXk] fo|k



Hospet, Bellary District, March 2006, Page No.106 – 107



Vidyaranya, Hospet, Bellary District, March 2001, Page No.220 - 221




63- Lorenzen David N., The Kapalikas and Kalamukhas, First Published, University of


64- Lorenzen David N., ibid, Page No. 105

¼162½

vkf.k nq%[kkar ;kapk Lohdkj dsysyk vkgs- rÙdkyhu ik”kqir] dkikfyd o dkf”ejh “kSo]

laçnk;kP;k çHkkokrwu fuekZ.k >kysys dkykeq[khaps rÙoKku fnlrs- vk/kqfud fo}kukaP;k

ers gk laçnk; ,dk vFkhZ ohj”kSo erkps iwoZ:i vlysys fnlrs- dkykeq[kkaph loZ

çeq[k nsoky;s o eB vkt ohj”kSokaph iq.;{ks=s vlwu rh R;kaP;k rkC;kr vkgsr- ,l-lh-

uanheBkuh ^, gWWaMcqd vkWQ ohj”kSo>e^ i`’B 09 oj gqyh ;sFkhy dkykuqHko eB vkrk

ohj”kSokapk egÙokpk eB cuyk vlwu brjgh dkykeq[k eB o eanhjs lkodk”ki.ks

dq.kkP;kgh y{kkr u ;srk ohj”kSo cuys-65 ;k dkykeq[k ik”kqirkaP;k vkpk;ZakP;k dk;kZpk

ifjikd Eg.kts clos”oj o brj çkjaHkhps ohj”kSo ;kaP;k usr`Ùok[kkyh >kysy s “kSoiaFkkps

iquLFkkZiuk gks;- dkykeq[k o ohj”kSo ;k nksu iaFkkps leku fo”ks’k Eg.kts fyaxiwtsoj

Hkj o eB laLFkk csyxkaos eBkps dkykeq[k vkpk;Z dsnkj “kDrh gs dsnkjs”oj eanhj

çeq[k gksrs- R;akuh tks dks.kh HkDr ,dk fyaxkph LFkkiuk djhy R;kl vkxekl o.kZu

dsysY;k Qykis{kk dksVhiV QG feGsy vls EgVY;kps rsFkhy b-l- 1164 P;k

f”kykys[kkr ueqn dsys vkgs-66

dkykeq[khaps “kS{kf.kd dk;Z

b-l- P;k 10 O;k “krdkiklwu rs rsjkO;k “krdki;Zar dkykeq[kh xq:auh vkiY;k

eB] eanhj laLFkkauke/kwu “kS{kf.kd dk;Z eksB;k çek.kkoj dsysys fnlwu ;srs- R;kP;k ;k

dk;kZeqGs pkyqD;] dypqjh o ledkyhu brj “kkld çHkkfor gksowu dkykeq[khauk

eksB;k çek.kkr nku /keZ dsY;kps cgqrka”k dkykeq[kh f”kykys[kko:u Li’V gksrs-

dkykeq[kh xq: ;ksxkps çorZd gksrs- gs csGxkao ftYgîkrhy xksfy;gYyh

f”kykys[kko:u Li’V gksrs-67 dkykeq[kh oSfnd /kekZps vuq;k;h vlY;keqGs rs oSfnd

rÙoKkukP;k v/;kiukps dk;Z djhr- csGxkao ;sFkhy dsnkjs”oj ¼b-l- 1094½ ;sFkhy

f”kykys[kkuqlkj fln ~/kkar] rdZ”kkL=] O;kdj.k] dkO;] ukVd] laxhr] lkfgR;] bR;knhaps

65- have been absorbed in to Virasaivism, Maysor Gazetteer, [II part,11,885]

66- nkeksnju ds-] Hkkjrh; fparu ijaijk] çFke vko`Ùkh] fiiqYl ifCyf”kax gkÅl ¼çk-½] fy-] ubZ

fnYyh] 1970] i`-Ø- 245-

67-- Lorenzen David N., The Kapalikas and Kalamukhas, First Published, University of


¼163½

f”k{k.k dkykeq[kh xq:dMwu fnys tkr vls- egkjk’Vªkrhy x.ks”kiwj ¼ftYgk ykrwj½]

djM[ksy ¼ftYgk ukansM½ ;k f”kykys[kkao:u gh dkykeq[kh xq: gs ;ksx vH;klklkscrp

fofo/k dy sps v/;kiu dk;Z djhr vlY;kps Li’V gksrs-68

dkikfydkis{kk FkksMklk eokG vl.kkjk iaFk Eg.kwu dkykeq[kkadMs

ikfgys tkrs- tSu /kfeZ;ka”kh rksaM nsowu R;akuh vkiyk laçnk; nf{k.ksr ok<oyk- b-l-

ngkO;k] vdjkO;k] vkf.k ckjkO;k “krdkrhy nf{k.ksrhy jk’VªdqV] pkyqD;] ;kno]

f”kygkj ;k jktoVhauh dkykeq[k xq:auk vkJ; fnyk- R;kaP;k njckjh vusd dkykeq[k

vkpk;Z gksrs- cgqrsd dkykeq[k vkpk;kZaps eB R;k dkGh vfLrÙokr gksrs- ;k eBk}kjs rs

oSfnd f”k{k.kklkscrp] ea=] ra=] ;ksx] fo|k] bfrgkl] “kkL= vls fo’k; f”kdfoys tkr-

;k iaFkkps eq[; dsanz dnyhcu Eg.ktsp ^Jh”kSY;* gs gksrs- f”kok; mÙkj dukZVd]

egkjk’Vªkrhy dksYgkiwj] lksykiwj] lkaxyh] mLekukckn] ukansM ;k ftYg;krhy vusd

f”kykays[kke/;s dkykeq[kkaP;k vkpk;kZpk mYys[k ;srks- ;k vkpk;kZaP;k eBkauk tfeuh

nku fnY;kps letrs- iq<s ek= ;kaP;kojgh ohj”kSokapk çHkko iMyk o dkykeq[k

laçnk;kpk vLr gksowu ohj”kSokapk mn; nf{k.ksr >kyk-

ukFklaçnk;

iwoZ e/;;qxhu “kSo laçnk;krhy lokZr yksdfç; ukFk laçnk;kdMs ikfgys tkrs-

Hkkjrkrhy çR;sd çkarkr vktgh ukFk iaFkh; vuq;k;h fnlrkr- mÙkj pkyqD;

dkyk[kaMkr brj iaFkkçek.ks ukFk iaFkh;kaph la[;kgh vf/kd çek.kkr vlkoh- dkj.k uÅ

ukFkkaiSdh cgqrsd loZp ukFk mÙkj pkyqD; ledkyhu gksrs- ckjkO;k “krdki;Zar ukFk

laçnk;kpk fodkl eksB;k çek.kkr >kyk- rkfÙod fopkj çokg] lektkr [kksyoj

:tyk- mÙkj pkyqD; o R;kaP;k ekaMfyd jkT;kaPkk fopkj djrk 12 O;k “krdkuarj

ek= ohj”kSo fyaxk;rkpk çHkko ok<ysyk fnlrks- ;k nksUghgh “kSo iaFkke/;s iq<s oSpkfjd

leUo; fuekZ.k >kys- vYyeçHkw] xksj[kukFk o clos”oj ;kaP;kr leUo; ?kMwu vkyk-

n[[ku çns”kkr ¼dqary ns”k½ ukFk laçnk;k”kh lacaf/kr vusd /kkfeZd LFkGs

vkgsr- ;k LFkGka”kh loZlkekU;kpk usgehp laca/k vkysyk vkgs- ;krwup egkjk’Vª]

68- Ritti Shrinivas & G.C. Shelke, Inscriptions from Nanded Distrit, Yashwant

Mahavidyalaya, Nanded, 1968, Page No. 220

¼164½

dukZVd vkf.k vka/kzçns”k ;k vk/kqfud jkT;kr iwoZe/;;qxhu dky[kaMkiklwu ukFk

laçnk; :tysyk fnlrks- ;k çns”kkrhy rkaf=d] ckSn~/k] tSu v”kk vusd iaFkkapk çHkko

ukFk laçnk;koj gksrk- ;k iaFkkrhy pkaxys okbZV fopkj o vkpkjkapk lekos”k ukFk

çokgkoj >kyk- iq<s xksj[k ukFkklkaj[;k /keZ o lekt lq/kkjdkauh lkekftd o /kkfeZd

nks’k cktwyk lk:u xq.kkaph eqDri.ks lektkr m/kG.k dsys- xksj[kukFkkapk ;k çns”kk”kh

çR;{k laca/k vkY;kps iqjkos] vk<Grkr- rÙdkyhu ohj”kSo fyaxk;r laçnk;kps egkRek

clos”oj o R;kaps brj vuq;k;ka”kh ukFk fln~/kkapk o xksj[kukFkkapk laca/k ;sowu ukFkkalg

ohj”kSokaoj R;kapk çHkko fuf”pr iMyk vlkok- ;k ?kVdkapk ;k o iq<hy çdj.kkr

foospu dsys tkbZy-

ukFk iaFkkph ik”oZHkweh

ukFk iaFkkrhy çeq[k rÙos gh çkphu dkGkiklwu ijaijsus vkys vlkosr vls

vlys rjh R;koj iwoZ e/;;qxkr vusd laLdkj >kysys vkgsr- R;keqGs vki.kkl

ukFkrÙo uos okVrs- ukFk iaFkkP;k Lo:ikdMs ikfgY;kuarj vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ukFkiaFk

ckSn~/k /kekZrwu :ikarjhr >kysY;k fln~/kkapk ,d ?kVd vFkok Hkkx vkgs-69

ukFk iaFk ^ckSn~/k otz;ku iaFkk*ps ifjorhZr :i ekuys tkrs- nqlÚ;k cktwyk ukFk

iaFkkus ;ksx rÙokpkgh vk/kkj ?ksrysyk vkgs- ;keqGs ukFkkapk fopkj çokg dkghalk osxGk

tk.korks- ;kdkGkrhy ifjfLFkrh ikgrk ckSn~/k iaFkkps fiNsgkV ns”kkr gksr vlrkuk fganw

“kSo iaFkkpk fodkl eksB;k tksekus pkyw gksrk- ;krwu ukFkkadMs gV;ksx pkywu vkys o

“kSokaph çeq[k nsork vkfnukFk ¼”kadj½ o R;kP;k rÙokrwu ukFk çokgkpk mn; >kY;kps

lkafxrys tkrs- çkphu dkGkiklwu brj fopkjkaçek.ks “kSo fopkj çokg nh?kZdkGki;Zar

lektkr :tyk- R;kpkp ifj.kke Eg.kwu ukFkiaFkh; rÙoKkugh lektkus lgtrsus

Lohdkjyh- ;kfo:n~/k vusd ererakrajs ukFk laçnk;kP;k mn;klaca/kh vlw “kdrhy-

69- v & ukFk iaFk 84 fln~/kkaue/kwu fuekZ.k >kys- vls lkekU;r% ekuys tkrs-

vk & ;kr 84 fln~/k vkf.k ukFk iaFk ;kaP;krhy laca/k gs egRoiw.kZ gksrs- ckSn~/k vfu”ojoknh vkgsr-

ukFk iaFkh;ke/;s cny gksowu rks bZ”ojoknh cuyk vls vlys rjh ukFkiaFkh; vksO;kadMs

ckjdkbZus ikgrkp vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ckSn~/kkpk “kqU;okn vkf.k otzHkko ;kr fnlrks- ¼jkgqy

lkaÑR;k;u] fuca/kkoyh] i`- 163½

¼165½

T;kr tkrh; caM vkf.k R;kPkh meVysyh çfrfØ;k ;k ?kVdkauk vf/kd egÙo nsowu

tuvkanksyukps çfrd Eg.kwu Hkkjrh; lektkr gk iaFk o fopkj çokg mn;kl vkyk

vlkok- ,o<s ek= uDdh dh] ,sfrgkfld n`f’Vdksuk”kh laca/khr viqÚ;k lk/kukeqGs vki.k

ukFkkaP;k mn;klaca/khP;k Li’V fu’d’kkZZi;Zar iksgkspw “kdr ukgh- ukFk iaFkkoj Hkkjrh;

fofo/k rkfÙod çokgkapk tlk çHkko dkGkuq:i iMr xsyk- R;kpçdkjs ijdh;]

Hkkjrkckgsjhy bLyke lkj[;k /kekZpkgh çHkko dkgh çek.kkr iMysyk tk.korks-70

ûkFk* “kCnkPkk vFkZ

ukFk laçnk; ;k “kCnkrhy ûkFk* Eg.kts ^Lokeh* fdaok ^/kuh*- gk /kuh dks.k\

rj ;k pjkpj l`’Vhpk fuekZrk fdaok laçnk;hdkaP;k Hkk’ksr lkaxko;kps rj ^f”ko

xksj[kckuh* ;k xq: xksj{k ukFkkaP;k ekU;rk çkIr xzaFkkr çLrqr “kCn ^czã* fdaok

îjerÙo*- ;k vFkkZus okijyk vkgs- rj laLÑr Vhdkdkj gkp “kCn ^ln~xq:* ;k vFkkZus

okijrkauk vk<Grks- lkjka”k ^v/;kRe ekxkZrhy Js’B fdaok vknj.kh; O;Drh* vlk ûkFk*

;k “kCnkpk lokZuk letsy vlk vFkZ lkaxrk ;sbZy- gk laçnk; vuknh T;kyk çkjaHk

ukgh Eg.kts tks vuknh vkgs vlk gk ukFk iaFk( vlkgh ,d vFkZ lkafxryk tkrks-

lkaçnkf;d n`’V;k fopkj djrkuk vls fnlrs] dh ukFk Eg.kts îjczã*] îjerÙo*]

^ln~xq:* vusd fln~/k iq:’kkauh iaFkh; nh{ksuarj vkotqZu ûkFk* gs miin ykoysys

fnlrs- ijczãkph fdaok ijerÙokph mikluk dj.kkjk gk laçnk; fln~/k iaFk] fln~/k

ekXkZ] ;ksx ekxZ] ;ksx laçnk;] vo/kqriaFk] xksj[kiaFk] dkuQkVk laçnk;] xq: ekxZ] v”kk

vusd ukaokauh vksG[kyk tkr vlyk rjh ûkFklaçnk;* fdaok ûkFkiaFk* gsp ;k iaFkkps

uko loZekU; >kys vkgs-71

70- lksyadh dkseyflag] ukFk iaFk vkSj fuxqZ.k lar & dkO;] çFke laLdj.k] fouksn iqLrd

eafnj] vkxzk] 1966] i`-Ø-54

71- tks”kh ç-u-] ukFk laçnk; mn; o foLrkj] f}rh; vko`Ùkh] vatyh ifCyf”kax gkÅl] iq.ks]

vkWxLV 2004] i`-Ø-15&16

¼166½

ûkFk* laKspk vFkok “kCnkpk çFker% vkysyk mYys[k

czãkuankus ^gV;ksxiznhfidk* ;k Vhdsr ukFk laçnk; ghp laKk okijysyh vkgs72

xksj[kfl/nkarlaxzgkr ûkFk ekxZ* v”kh laKk okijyh vkgs- xksj{kukFk laçnk; vusdnk

dsoG ûkFk* ;k ukokus vksG[kyk tkrks- ^jktxqg;kr* ûkFk* “kCnkps fooj.k vkysys

vkgs-73 “kDrhlaxera=krgh ûkFk* inkps vk/;kfRed O;qRiknu vkysys vkgs-

74

ûoukFk HkDrhlkj* ;k xzaFkkr ûkFk* ;kp laKspk mi;ksx dsysyk vkgs- fxjh/kj

LokehP;k ^leFkZçrkikr*] ûkFkiaFkh ckG~Gd* vls “kCn vkys vkgsr- Lor% jkenklkauh

^nklcks/kk*rhy lHkkLroukr ûkFkiaFkh*pk lekos”k dsyk vkgs- jktkjke çlkn ;kaP;k

çlknhaP;k ^HkDreatjhekys*r ûkFk laçnkbZ r;klh ueu* vls EgVys vkgs-

«;acdjkekP;k ^ckGcks/kkr* ^^;sFkwfu n`’Vh çdkl A ukFk iaFk fopk: AA** vkf.k ^ûkFk

iaFkh; lh/nkarh A rsFkgh nfoyh foRifÙkAA** vlk nksunk ;kp ukokpk mYys[k vkgs- lar

fuGksckauh ûkFk l açnk;kph Fkksjh A çdV dsyh Kkus”ojh AA* ;k okD;kr ;kp ukokps

Li’V mi;kstu dsys vkgs- ;kf”kok; Kkus”ojkaP;k ^vkEgh ,d nhu* tk.kk ukFkiaFkh* gk

vHkax çfl/np vkgs- ;k vxksnjP;k yhGkpfj«k vkf.k vU; egkuqHkkoh; vk| xzaFkkr ;k

“kCnkpk vusdnk mi;ksx >kyk- ûkFkiaFk* vkf.k ûkFkiaFkh;* gs “kCn yhGkpfj=kr

fdR;sd fBdk.kh vkys vkgsr- gfjckpk lksaxksckl jfpr ^vUo;LFkGk*r gh ûkFkiaFk* gh

laKk okijysyh vkgs- ¼^vUo;LFkG* e-l- if=dk½ ^Kkus”ojh*r lgkO;k vk/;k;kr

;ksxjgL;kyk ûkFk ladsrhpk nL;w* EgVY;kps loZ ifjfpr vkgs- ;ko:u ukFkiaFk vFkok

ukFklaçnk; ;k laKsph çkfpurk o lkoZf=drk fln~/k gksbZy-75 Kkus”ojkauh Kkus”ojh

ukFk ;k “kCnklkscrp ^laçnk;* vlkgh “kCn çFker%p okijysyk vkgs- 12 O;k

“krdkiklwu ;k ukFkkaps :i laçnk;klkj[ks vlkos-76

72- vkfnukFk % losZ’kka ukFkkauk çFke % r rks ukFklaçnk; % ço`Ùk bfr- ukFk laçnkf;uks onfUrA

&gV;ksx çnhfidk 1-5] i`-Ø- 9

73- uk dkjksM ukfn:ia Fkdkj % LFkkI;rs lnk A

Hkqou=;es oSd % Jhxksj{k ueks∙ Lrqrs AA

74- Jh eks{knku n{kRokr~ ukFk czãkuqcks/kukr~ A

LFkfxrkKkufoHkokr~] JhukFk bfr xhr;s AA

75- <sjs jk-fpa-] ukFk laçnk;kpk bfrgkl] çFkeko`Ùkh] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] lIVsacj 2007]

i`-Ø- 25

76- ^^rh ;;kfp “kkL=kpsfuA laçnkps ika?kqjkSfuA “kkL=kFkZ gk fudsfu A vuq’Bh gks AA

;sgoh ve`reaFkuk A lkfj[ks gksbZy vtqZuk A tjh fj?klh vuq’Bkuk A laçnk;saoh.k AA

¼167½

ukFk laçnk;kP;k mn;kpk fodkl

ukFk laçnk;klaca/kh vusd ?kVuk oknkrhr vkgsr] osxosxG;k vH;kldkauh

osxosxGh ers ekaMysyh vkgsr ukFk laçnk;kpk mn; dsaOgk >kyk\ dqBs >kyk\ dlk

>kyk\ ;k cn~/ky Li’Vi.ks ekfgrh miyC/k gksow “kdr ukgh- ukFk laçnk;klaca/khps

iqjkRkÙoh; lk/kus Qkjp vYi çek.kkr vkgsr- lkfgfR;d lk/kus cjhp”kh vfo”oluh;

okVrkr- dkj.k R;k dfYir dFkk eksB;k çek.kkr fnlrkr v”kk osGh vki.k loZlkekU;

erçokg tk.kwu ?ksow-

;k laçnk;kpk mxe vkfnukFkkiklwu >kyk ;kfo’k;h dks.krsp nqer ukgh- rlsp]

;k laçnk;kP;k mxekP;k vukfnfln~/k ?kVusfo’k;h gh osxGs er ukgh- dks.krkgh

laçnk; ijaijsus vukfnp vlrks ijarq] laçnk; çorZd egkiq:’akkP;k laçnk;&çorZu

dk;kZpk vkf.k R;kP;k dkGkpk tsOgk fopkj ;srks] rsOgk “kqn~/k ,sfrgkfld n`f’Vyk

vkjaHk gksrks- çFke ;k laçnk;kP;k vkxeukfo’k;hpk vukfnfln~/k vkf.k loZ ekU; çlax

fopkjkr ?ksow- lar Kkus”ojkauh ;k ?kVusfo’k;h vkiY;k xq: ijaijk Kkus”ojhr uewn

dsys vkgs-77

R;kaP;k ers “kadjkiklwu ikoZrh o eRL;sasanzukFkkauk tks mins”k feGkyk] rskp

xksj{kukFkkaiklwu xfguhukFkkuk o xfguhukFkkdMwu] fuo`ÙkhukFkkuk o fuo`ÙkhukFkkdMwu

vki.kkl ^^cks/kkpk laoHkkjk** fdaok ^ûkFk ladsrhpk na’kq** çkIr >kyk] vls Kkus”oj

xk; /kM tksMs xkseVhA rs rSfp fioksa ;s fdjhVhA tSa tkf.kts gkroVhA lkato.khphAA

rSlk xq: çlUuw gks;s A f”k’; fo|k gh dfj ykgs A ifjrs QGs laçnk;s A mikflfy;kAA

Eg.kkSfu “kkL=h tks b;s A mfprq laçnk;ksa vkgs A rks ,sd vkrk cgqosa A vknjsalh AA

¼Kkus”ojh 18-1481&85½

77- ^^{khj fla/kw ifjljh A “kDrhpk d.kZdqgjhA rsFks dSJh f=iqjkjhA lkaf?krys tsaAA

rs {khjdYyksGkvkarq A edjksnjh xqfirwA gksrk R;kpk gkrqA iSBs tkysa AA

rks eNaçlo la`xhA HkXuko;o pkSajaxhA HksVyk rks lokZaxhA laiw.kZ tkykAA

ex lekf/k vO;;k b;kA Hkksxkph okluk b;kA rs eqnzk Jhxksj[kjk;kA fn/kyh ehuhAA

rs.ks ;ksxkfotuh ljkso:A fo’k;fo/oa doh: A frps injh dka losZ”o:A vfHk’ksfdykAA

ex rs fg rs ‘kkaHkokA v};kean oSHkoA laikfnys lczHkkoA Jhx;.khukFkh AA

rs.ks dkfydkfyrHkwrka A vkyk ns[kkSuh fu:rkA vkKk Jh fuo`ÙkhukFkk A nh/kyh ,slhAA

cks/kkpk gk laolkjA vkyk vkers AA** ¼Kk-v-18] 1730 &1737½

¼168½

lkaxrkr rsaOgk gh Ikjaijk vkfnukFk f”ko&ikoZrhiklwu eRL;sanzukFkka}kjs iq<s pkyr

vkY;kps lokZauk ekU; vkgs- uoukFkkaiSdh Tkkya/kj vkf.k ukxktwZu ;kaukgh

vkfnukFkkaiklwup mins”k >kY;kps lkaxrkr]

eRL;sanzukFk gs “kkDr ra+=kphp ,d “kk[kk vlysY;k dkSyerkps vuq;k;h] rsaOgk

UkkFk laçnk; çorZukpk ç”u R;kaP;k ckcrhr mifLFkr gksr ukgh R;kaps f”k’; xksj{kukFk

;kauk ek= e/;;qxhu loZ lk/kukekxkZar ukFk laçnk;kps çorZd Eg.kwu xkSjfoysys

vk<Grs R;kauh vf[ky Hkkjrh; ikrGhaoj loZ fln~/kkauk la?kVhr dsys vkf.k ;ksxekxkZpk

Lohdkj d:u ,dk ufou ijaijsph çLFkkiuk dsyh rh djhr vlrkuk R;kauh loZçFke

Jh”kSY; ioZrkoj ;ksfx.khaP;k esGkO;kr lkIkMysY;k vkiY;k xq:aps eu oGowu R;kauk

iqUgk “kq/n ;ksxekxkZr vk.kys- gkp ;k ukFk laçnk;kpk vkjaHkfcanw fdaok mxe Eg.krk

;sbZy-78

ukFk laçnk;kps mn;LFkG

Hkkjrkrhy loZp çkarkr ukFkRkÙokpk çlkj >kysyk vlY;keqGs ijaijkfHkekus o

Lons”kkfHkekus lk/kd vkf.k fopkjoarkuh vkivkiyh Hkweh ghp ;k laçnk;kph tUeHkweh

Eg.kwu lkaxrkuk vk<Grkr- R;kuqlkj iatkc] dkf”ej] usikG] mÙkj çns”k] egkjk’Vª]

vklke ;k fofo/k fBdka.kh ;k laçnk;kph mn;Hkweh ekuyh tkrs- rFkkfi] Jh”kSY;

ioZrkoj vkf.k R;kP;k ifjljkr ¼dnyhcu½ “kSo] ckSn~/k] “kkDr vknhaP;k

e/;&ekal&fL=ç/kku ra=lk/kukapk çd’kZ >kysyk gksrk- Jh”kSY; ioZrkojhy L=h

jkT;krhy ;ksfxuhaP;k esGkO;kr EkRL;sanzukFk ;kp lk/kusP;k tkG;kr vkMdwu iMys

gksrs- rsFkhy fln~/kkauk la;ekps] var%”kq/nhps] lk/kufprsps vkf.k “kqn~/k ;ksxekxZkps egÙo

iVowu la?kVhr dj.ks vko”;d gksrs- xksj{kukFkkauh loZçFke gsp dk;Z gkrh ?ksrys vkf.k

uarj ;k dk;kZpk loZ HkkjrHkj çpkj vkf.k çlkj dsyk gs /;kukr ?ksowu MkW-jk-fpa- <sjs

;kauh Jh”kSYk ioZr vkf.k L=hjkT;kr vlysys dnyhcu gs ,dp LFkku vlY;kps fln~/k

d:u nf{k.ksrhy Jh”kSy ioZr gh ukFk laçnk;kph mn;Hkweh Eg.kwu lk/kkj fln~/k dsys

78- xkslkoh j-jk-] ikapHkDrh laçnk;] f}rh; lq/kkjhr vko`Ùkh] esgrk ifCyf”kax gkÅl] iq.ks]

tkusokjh 1998] i`-Ø-8

¼169½

vkgs- rs ;ksX; okVrs-79 rkRi;Z] mÙkjçns”k] egkjk’Vª] iatkc] vklke] usikG bR;knh

fBdk.kph ukFklkaçnkf;d fofo/k dsanzs gh R;kaP;k foLrkjkph çfrds vkgsr vls vlys

rjh egkjk’Vªkckgsjhy la”kks/kd eksguflax] fczXt] gtkjhçlkn f}osnh] dY;k.kh efyd

bR;knhauk ukFkiaFk gk mÙksjsdMhy vlkp fu’d’kZ dk<ysyk vkgs- ijarq ljnkj uk-;-

fejhdjkapk lanHkZ nsowu ç-Uk- tks”kh ;kaP;k ers egkjk’Vªkr ukFkiaFkh;kaph vusd fBdk.ks

vkgsr-80 R;kauh R;k lacaf/kps dkgh iwjkos fnysyh vkgsr i.k R;kauk vk/kkj ukgh-

mÙkjsrhy ukFkkaph fganhrhy c`gr jpuk ikgrk mÙkj Hkkjr ukFk laçnk;kph tUeHkweh

ekuus fujk/kkj okVrs- R;k,soth MkW- <sjs ;kaps er nf{k.k Hkkjr gsp ukFkkaps mn;LFkku

;ksX; o rdZlaxr okVrs-

ukFkkaph mikL; nsork

ukFk laçnk; gk 'kSo laçnk; vlY;kus f“koksiklusyk R;kr lokZsPp LFkku çkIr

gks.kkjp- R;kaP;k ijaijsrp ^vkfnukFk* Eg.kwu f“kokyk LFkku fnys vkgs- f“kokcjkscjp

R;kph HkSjo] dkyHkSjo] ,dfyax b- :is vkyh- f“kokph 'kDrh Eg.kts ikoZrh gh R;kph

bPNk“kDrh l`’VhfufeZrh djrs Eg.kwu frph vack] txnack] nqxkZ] f=iqjk bR;knh :isgh

ukFkkauk iqT; vkgsr- ukFklaçnk; gk vo/kqr er Eg.kwugh vksG[kyk tkrks- nÙkk=s; gk

vo/kqr ;k nÙkk=s;kusp ^vo/kwrxhrk* xksj{kkauk lkafxryh- Eg.kwu ;k laçnk;kr

nÙkk=;kyk xq: laLFkspk vk| Eg.kwu iqT;LFkku çkIr >kys vkgs- R;kp cjkscj laçnk;

çorZd xksj{kukFk vkf.k R;kaps xq: ePNsanzukFk ;kapsgh eafnjs mHkkjyh tkÅu R;kaukgh

miklukekxkZr Js’BLFkku f“kokorkj Lo:ikr çkIr gks.ks LokHkkfod gksrs- ûoukFkkauk*

rj laçnk;kr vUkU; lk/kkj.k LFkku vkgs- ,dw.k xq:laLFkspk Js’B vkn“kZ

vknhukFkkiklwu iq<hy ukFk fln~/kkaP;k ijaijsrwu fln~/k gksowu rks iqT;rk ikoysyk

fnlrks-81

79- <sjs jk-pha-] ^^Jh-xq: xksj[kukFk] pfj= vkf.k ij aijk**] çFkeko`Ùkh] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] 1959]

i`-Ø- 22 rs 28

80- mnk- uxj ftYg;krhy o`n~/ks”oj vFkok Egkrkj nsokpk Mksaxj gsp vknhukFkkps LFkku o rsFkwu

ukFk iaFkkpk mn; >kyk- e<hpk ek;ack o dkUgksck Eg.kts eRlsnzukFk o xksj[kukFk vlkosr-

81- xkslkoh j-jk-] ikp HkDrhlaçnk;] f}rh; lq/kkjhr vko`Ùkh] e sgrk ifCyf”kax gkÅl] iq.ks] tkus-

1998] i`-Ø-16

¼170½

çeq[k ukFk fln~/k vkf.k R;kapk ifjp;

'kSo vl.kkÚ;k ukFkiaFkkps çorZd la[;sus tkLr vkgs- lkekU;r% uÅ ukFk

çorZdkaiklwu ukFk laçnk;kpk mn; o fodkl >kY;kps lkafxrys tkrs- fofo/k

dky[kaMkr osxosxGs ukFk çorZd tUekyk vkys- iq<s R;kauh Hkkjrh; lektkr ukFk

iaFkkpk çlkj dsyk- fofo/k ukFk laçnk;h xzaFkke/;s uÅ ukFkkaph osxosxGh ukos fnlrkr-

dkgh xzaFkke/;s rj fofo/k 'kSo fl/nkapk lekos“k ukFkkae/;s dsysyk fnlrks- ukFkiaFkk“kh

laacaf/kr çkFkfed lk/kukaP;k vHkkokeqGs o Hkkjrh; lektkr ukFk laçnk;k“kh lacaf/kr

dfYir dFkkaeqGs Li"V o fuf“pr v“kh ekfgrh ukFk çorZdkcíy feGw 'kdr ukgh- vls

vlys rjh vk/kqfud dky[kaMkr fczt] dY;k.kh efyd] gtkjh çlkn f}osnh] jk-fpa-<sjs]

ç-u-tks“kh ;k lkj[;k fo}kukauh ukFk lkfgR; ladfyr d:u R;kapk bfrgkl

fyfg.;kpk ç;Ru dsysyk vkgs- ukFk lkfgR; laiw.kZ Hkkjrkrhy çkphu ukFk iaFkh;

vk[kkMs o eBke/kwu fnlwu ;srs- ;k lokZapk mi;ksx lk/ku Eg.kwu dj.;kr vkysyk vkgs-

;krhy cjsp xzaFk e/; ;qxkrhy vkgsr- uoukFkkaiSdh cgqrka“k ukFkkauh] lkfgR; jpuk

dsY;kps ekuys tkrs- i.k 'kkL=kP;k dlksVhiq<s rs fVdw 'kdr ukgh- dnkfpr R;kaP;k

ukokojrh rh uarjP;k dkGkr fuekZ.k >kysyh vlkohr- v“kk lk/kukaP;k brj /keZ

iaFkkrhy ,sfrgkfld lk/kus vYi çek.kkrhy HkkSfrd lk/kuka}kjs ukFk laçnk;krhy

çorZdklaca/khph FkksMD;kr ekfgrh vki.k iq<hy çek.ks ?ksÅ-

efPNanzukFk

uÅ ukFkkaiSdh ifgys o egÙoiw.kZ ukFk Eg.kwu ePNasnzukFkkdMs ikfgys tkrs- ,dk

erçokgkuqlkj ePNsanzukFkkauh ukFk laçnk;kph LFkkiuk dsyh- nqlÚ;k ,dk fopkjkuqlkj

ukFk laçnk;kps ekuoh laLFkkid eRL;sanzukFk ulwu ^ljgikn* vkgsr-82 gk ljgikn

82- djeGdj fouk;d] ^Jhljgikn* vkf.k R;kaps rÙoKku] çFkeko`Ùkh] lg;knzh çdk”ku] iq.ks]

¼171½

ewGpk otz;kuh ijaijsrhy- R;kph ijaijk iq<hy çek.ks lkafxryh tkrs- ljg& “kcj&

yqbZik& nkfjd& ?kaVkik& tkya/kj& dkfuQk& eRL;sUnz@ ePNasn& xksj{k o pkSjaxh- [kjs

lkaxk;ps Eg.kts ukFk laçnk;kr vusd ijaijke/khy fln~/k ;sÅu lkehy >kys- R;kauh

vkikiyh iwoZ ijaijk ukFk laçnk;k“kh leUohr dsys- Eg.kwu ukFk laçnk;kP;k ijaijsr]

rlsp R;kapk laLFkkid dks.k\ ;k fo’k;kr vusd çokn fuekZ.k >kys- vk.k[kh mnkgj.kp

nîko;kps >kys] rj ukFkiaFkkrhy tkyanjukFkkaukgh ,dk ijaijsuqlkj vkfnukFk eku.;kr

vkys vkgs- ukFk iaFkkr eRL;sanz o tkya/kj ;kaP;k nksu 'kk[kk gksR;k- eRL;sanz gs ^'kSo

dkSy* rj tkya/kj gs ^'kSo dkikfyd* gksrs( o iq<s yodjp ;k nksu 'kk[kk ,df=r

gksÅu 'kDrh;qDr vkfnukFkkykp xq:LFkkuh eku.kkjk uoukFkkapk ûkFk laçnk;* fuekZ.k

>kyk-

ukFk laçnk;krhy vk| çorZd efPNanzukFk ;k fl/nkyk efPNanj] ePNanj]

efNanj] ePNçikn] eNsUnzikn] ehuikn] ehuukFk eRL;snzukFk v“kk fofo/k ukokauh

vksG[kys tkrs- Ldan ukjn] 'kadj fnfXot;] uoukFkHkfDrlkj] ukFkyhyke`r]

HkfDrfot;] fl/npfj= bR;knh fofo/k laLÑr o çkÑr xaazFkkrwu eRlsnzukFkkaP;k dFkk

nsrkr- dkgh lanHkkZo:u rs Hk`xqoa“kh; czkã.k vlkosr] rj ePNçikn ;k ukoko:u rs

dSorZd Eg.kts dksGh dqGkrhy vlkosr vls okVrs- iwoZe/;;qxkr ;kauh rRdkyhu

lkekftd o /kkfeZd ifjfLFkrhfojks/kkr caM dsys- vkfnukFk f“ko gk ;kapk xq: o R;kapk

f'k’; xksj{kukFk vls ukrs ek= loZ= fnlrs-83

eRL;sanzukFkkapk mn;

czãkuankus vkiY;k gV;ksxçnhfidsojhy Vhdsr eRL;sanzukFkkP;k çknwHkkZoklaca/kh

th dFkk fnyh vkgs- rhp FkksM;kQkj Qjdkus loZ= vk<Grs-84 ujgjoa“kh ekyw pfj=

tqyS 1965 iz- dz-

83- vkfnukFkks xq:;ZL; xksj{kL; p ;ks xq:%A eRL;sanz rega oUns egkfln~/k txn~xq:e~AA

84- v=Soa fdaon UrhdnkfpnkfnukFk% dfLeaf”pn~}his fLFkr% r= fotuferh e Rok fxfjtk;kS

;ksxeqifn’Voku~A rhjlehiuhjLFk% d”pu eRL;% ra ;ksxksins”ka JqRok ,dkxzfpÙkks

fu”pydk;ks∙orLFksA ra rkn`”ka n``’Vªok ·usu ;ksx% Jqr bfr ra eRok ÑikywjkfnukFks tysu

çks{khroku~ A lp çks{k.kek=kf|O;dk;ks eRL;sanz% fln~/kks·HkqrA reso eRL;sanzukFk bfr onfUrAA

¼gV;ksxçnhfidk] 1-5] i`-Ø- 9½

¼172½

uoukFk HkDrhdFkklkj xazFkkrgh v“khp dFkk fnlrs- oklqnsokps oh;Z ;equsr iMrs R;kpk

,d Fksac eklhdMwu çk“khys tkrs- ;kp osGh 'kadj vkf.k ikoZrh R;k ,dakr fBdk.kh

;srkr- 'kadj ikoZrhyk rhP;k bPNsuqlkj R;kaP;kdMs vl.kkjs loZ Kku lkaxko;kl

lq:okr djrkr gs Kku ,sdr vlrkukap ikoZrhl >ksi ykxrs- rhFksp ;k ek“kkapsgh

okLro vlrs- ;k ek“kkP;k iksVkrhy efPNanzukFk 'kadjkdMwu ikoZrhyk lkafxrys tk.kkjs

Kku ,sdr vlrks( o 'kadjkP;k lkax.;kyk rks çfrlkn nsr vlrks- v“kk çdkjs

eklhP;k iksVkr vlrkukap efPNanzukFkkyk vkfnukFk 'kadjkdMwu loZ Kkukph çkIrh

>kyh- iq<s gk eklk vaMh nsrks vkf.k R;krwu eRL;sanzukFkkpk tUe gksrks- iq<s dksGh

oa“kkrhy ,dk O;DrhdMwu eRL;sanzukFkkps ikyuiks’k.k gksrs-85 ;k çek.ks Kkus“ojkauhgh

Kkus“ojhP;k 'ksoVh vkiys xq: ijaijk lkaxrkauk eRL;sanzkP;k vorkjkaP;k ikjaikfjd

dFkspk funsZ“k dsyk vkgs-86 ;k dFksph fofo/k :ikarjs ^xksj{kfot;* o êhupsru* gs

caxkyh xzaFk] ^cq/niqjk.k* gk usikGe/khy xzaFk] ;ksxh panzukFkÑr ^;ksxhlaçnk;kfo”Ñrh*]

tks/kiwjP;k ljnkj E;qf>;e/khy ûkFk pfj=* ûkFk iqjk.k* ês?kekyk* bR;knh xzaFkkr

vk<Grkr-

^dnyheT¥qukFk egkRE;e~* ;k laLÑr xzaFkkuqlkj eRL;sanzukFk gk nf{k.ksrhy

rkSyoh ¼rqyqHkkf”kd½ ns“kkpk jktk gksrk vkf.k eaxyk gh R;kph jkt/kkuh gksrh-

ûkFkyhyke`r* ;k ejkBh xzaFkkr efPNanzukFk gk eYykG ns“kkrhy vlY;kph dFkk fnyh

vkgs-87

ukFk fyyke`r xazFkkuqlkj efPNanzukFk eYykG ns“kkrhy vlwu R;kpk tUe

êkxZ“kh”kZ ekl] 'kq/n i{k xq:okj Jo.k u{k=] fu“kh e/;kUg* vlk ri“khy fnlrks-88

eRL;sanzukFkkapk tUedkG

ukFklaçnk;h lkfgR; jlHkjhr ikSjkf.kd lkfgR;kr Hk:u fu?kkysys vkgs- R;keqGs

miyC/k ,sfrgkfld lk/kukapk vk/kkj ?ksowu R;kapk dky[kaM Bjfo.;kpk vki.k ç;Ru

85- uoukFk HkDrhdFkklkj] v/;k; 1] vksoh Ø- 101 rs 105

86- {khj fla/kw ifjljhA 'kDrhP;k d.kZdqgjhaA us.kksa dS Jhf=iqjkjhA lkafxrysa tasaAA rs

{khjdYyksGkvarhA edjksnjh axqIrA gksrk r;kpk gkr A iSBs tkysaAA ¼Kkus”ojh] 18-1752-53½

87- <sjs jk-fpa-] ukFklaçnk;kpk bfrgkl] çFkeko`Ùkh] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] 2007] i`-Ø- 57

88- tks”kh ç-u-] ukFk laçnk;] mn; o foLrkj] f}rh; lq/kkjhr vko`Ùkh] vatyh ifCyf”kax gkÅl]

iq.ks] vkWxLV 2004] i`’B Ø- 198

¼173½

d:- R;kaP;k ^dkSyKku fu.kZ;* ;k xzaFkko:u rs vdjkO;k 'krdkP;k iwohZps uDdhp

Bjrkr- vfHkuo xqIrkauh ^ra=yksd* e/;s R;kauk ueu dsys vkgs- ra=yksdph jpuk b-l-

1015 ph vkgs- ;kiwohZ eRL;sUnzukFk >kys gs m?kMp vkgs- vk/khps ,d 'krd Eg.kts

vkjaHkh rs vorjys ¼tUe >kyk½ vlk la“kks/kdkpk fu’d’kZ vkgs-89 v“kkp çdkjps

vuqeku ts’B la“kksf/kdk dY;k.kh efyd ;kapsgh vkgs-90 frcsVh ijaijsrhy fln~/kkaP;k

vk/kkjkus f}osnh o eksguflax eRL;sanzukFkkauk uoO;k 'krdkrhy ekurkr-91

frcsVP;k ijaijsr ehuik jktk nsoikyP;k dkGkr ¼b-l- 809 rs b-l- 849½

gksÅu xsY;keqGs o ehuik &eRL;sanz ,d:i ekuY;keqGs gs er fln~/k >kys- ^çca/k

fparke.kh* ukokP;k xzaFkkuqlkj ngkO;k 'krdkrhy pkyqD; jktk eqyjkt ;kP;k“kh laca/k

vl.kkjk daFkMh ukokpk ;kxh fln~/k gksrk- gk daFkMh Eg.ktsp xksj{kf“k’; daFkMhukFk

ekuwu f}osnh eRL;sanzkauk uoO;k 'krdkrhy Bjforkr- f“k-e- ijkatis ;kauh ek/kokpk;kZaP;k

^“kadjf}fXot;* ukokP;k xzaFkkP;k vk/kkjs eRL;sanz &xksj{k ;kauk 'kadjkpk;kZP;k iwohZps

Bjfo.;kpk ç;Ru dsyk vkgs-92 eaMu feJkph L=h 'kkjnk fgP;k 'kàxkjhd ç“ukauk mÙkj

ns.;klkBh 'kadjkpk;kZauk ve: jktkP;k e`r 'kjhjkr ços“k dj.;kps Bjforkr- rsOgk

R;kP;k f“k’; i|iknkpk;Z R;kaP;k ÑR;kpk fu’ks/k d:u R;kauk eRL;sanzukFkkP;k ijdk;k

ços“kkph o R;kaP;k lq[kHkksxeXursph ekfgrh lkaxrks- êRL;sanz&ukek gh iqjk egkRek* ;k

opukuqlkj eRL;sanzukFk lgkO;k &lkrO;k 'krdkrhy Bjrhy-

ojhy fofo/k fo}kukaph ers tk.kwu ?ksrk gs y{kkr ;srs dh] eRL;sanzukFkkpk

dk;ZdkG lkrO;k 'krdkiklwu rs vdjkO;k 'krdkP;k njE;kUkPkk vlkok- eRL;sanz f“k’;

xksj{kukFkkapk dk;ZdkG tj 11 os 'krd vlsy rj eRL;sanzkpk dk;Zdky gh 10 O;k

'krdkrhy 'ksoVpk vFkok 11 O;k 'krdkpk lq:okrhypk dky[kaM vlyk ikfgts-

xq:f“k’; gs ledkyhu gksrs R;kaP;k o;kr 'kaHkj o’kkZis{kk tkLr Qjd la;qDrhd okVr

ukgh- Eg.ktsp dY;k.kpkyqD; jkT;dky[kaM eRL;sanzkpk dky[kaM vlyk ikfgts-

89- ckxph çcks/kpanz] dkSyKkufu.kZ;] çFkeko`Ùkh] ,e-ih-th- gkÅl fyfeVsM] dydÙkk] 1934]

i`- Ø- 05

90- efyd dY;k.kh] fln~/k fln~/kkUri/nrh] çFkeko`Ùkh] iquk vksfj,aVy cqd gkÅl] 1954]

i`- Ø- 9&10

91- f}osnh gtkjh çlkn] ukFk laçnk;] çFkeko`Ùkh] fganwLFkkuh vdWMeh] mÙkjçns”k] vykgkckn]

1950] i`-Ø- 52&54

92- Hkkjr bfrgkl la”kks/ku eaMG] r`rh; laesyu o`Ùk] iq.ks] 1913] i`-Ø- 164&166

¼174½

eRL;sanzukFkkaph fofo/k ukFkxzaFkkuqlkj ukos

eRL;sanzukFkkaP;k LFky dkykçek.ksp R;kaP;k ukokaP;k ckcrhr fuf“pr ,der

ukgh- MkW-ckxph ;kauh laikfnysY;k eRL;asanzÑr xzaFkkP;k lekfIreqnzkar êPN?uikn* ¼dkSy

Kkufu.kZ;] iVys 1&11] 14½] êPNsanzikn* ¼dkS-Kk-fu-] i-13-15] 17½] êRL;sanzukFkik ¼dkS-

Kk-fu-] i-16] 22&24½ êhuukFk* ¼vdqyohjra= A½] ePNasnzikn ¼vdqyohjra=&B½

êRL;sanz* ¼dkSykuan½ o êfPNanzukFkikn* ¼Kkudkfjdk½ v“kh eRL;snazukFkkph uke&:is

vk<Grkr- ukFkiaFkh; fganh xhrkrwu o ukFk fo’k;d yksdxhrkae/kwu R;kyk êfNanj*

vFkok êfPNanzukFk* ;k ukokus lacks/kys vkgs- ;k ukFkkaiSdh eRlsanz vkf.k R;kph viHkz’V

:is ;kapk laca/k eRL;sanzukFkkP;k vfoHkkZodFks“kh tqGrks- ijarq e-e- gjçlkn 'kkL=h ;kauh

vls vuqeku dsys vkgs dh] ^êRL;snzukFk gk eqyr% ekls idM.kkÚ;k dSorZd tkrhrhy

vlkok-** dkSyKkufu.kZ; ;k xzaFkkrgh vlkp mYys[k vkgs-93

dkghals vlsp Li’Vhdj.k vki.kkl dkf“ejh 'kSo ijaijsrhy 'yksdkr fnlrs-94

ewGkr gk 'yksd vfHkuo xqIrkP;k ^ra=yksdkrhy* vkgs- ;k ^vkrkuforkuo`R;kRed tky

fNUu* dj.;keqGs êPNUn* gs uko fuekZ.k >kY;kps lwfpr dsys vkgs- ra=yksdkapk

Vhdkdkj t;nzFk ;k 'yksdkoj Vhdk djrkuk rks fyfgrks &

êPN% ik“kk% lek[;krk“oiykf“pÙko`Ùk;%A

NsfnrkLrq ;nk rsu ePNUnLrsu dhfrZr%AA*

Okhj“kSo fyaxk;r JhvYyeçHkw ;kauh Jh xksj[kukFk ;kaps laca/k pkaxys gksrs rs

nks?ksgh ledkyhu gksrs- vls Eg.krkr dh] vYyeçHkw thoukP;k lq:okrhl ukFk

laçnk;h gksrs- R;kauh vkiY;k xq:ps uko Eg.kts eRL;sanzukFkkps uko vfufe“kn so

93- ^^&eRL;kfHk/kkfruSfoZçk eRL;?uesfr foJqr%A dSorZdRo Ñra ;Lekr~ dSorksZ foçuk;d%AA

¼dkSyKkufu.kZ;] 1637½

94- ^^jkxk:.k xzfUFk foyo dh.kZa ;ks tkykekrukfork uo`fÙke~A dyksfEHkra ckg;iFks pdkj

LFkkUesl ePNUnfoHkq% çlUu%AA ¼dkSyKkufu.kZ;] çLrkouk] i`-22&24 fln~/k fln~/kkar in~/krh]

çLrkouk i`-Ø- 14&16

¼175½

¼vfufe“k = eRL;½ vls nsrkr- vls çk-n-jk-csanzs ;kauh egkjk’Vª] lkfgR; if=dsP;k tkus-

1935 P;k vko`Ùkhr lkafxrys vkgs-

eRL;sanzukFkkaP;k pfj= dk;kZph oSf“k’Vs

ç-u-tks“kh ;kauh ûkFk laçnk; mn; o foLrkj* ;k xzaFkkrwu eRL;sanzukFkkP;k

pfj«;kph oSf“k’Vs ukFk laçnk;k“kh lacaf/kr lkfgR;krwu o dFkkaP;k vk/kkjs iq<hyçek.ks

ekaMysyh vkgsr- ;ko:u R;kaP;k lacaf/kP;k dk;kZlacf/kph ekfgrh miyC/k vkgs-

1- eRL;sanzukFkkP;k ukokP;k ckcrhr ,d okD;rk ukgh- ckxph ;kauh laiknhr dsysY;k

eRL;sanzÑr xzaFkkrhy lekfIreqnzkar ¼dksyksQksUl½ e/;s ePNguikn ¼dkSyKkufu.kZ;] iVys

1&11] 14½ ePNsanzikn ¼dkSyKkufu.kZ;] iVys 13] 15] 16½] eRL;snzikn ¼dkSyKkufu.kZ;]

iVys 16] 24½ ehukikn ¼dkSyKkufu.kZ;] iVys 19&21½] ehuukFk ¼vdqyohj ra=&v½]

efPNnzikFk ¼viqyohj ra=&c½] eRL;sanz ¼dkSykuan½] efPNanzukFkikn ¼KkudkfVdk½ v“kh

fofo/k :is ukok“kh laca/kh vk<Grkr- efPNanj] efPNanjukFk] efNanj] efNanzukFk bR;knh

ukos fganh&ejkBh bR;knh çkÑr Hkk’kkarwu ;srkr- ehuukFk o eRL;sanzukFk ;k ukokP;k

O;Drh nksu dk;\ vlkgh ,d ç“u mifLFkr >kyk vkgs- frcsVh ijaijsrhy yqbik vkf.k

eRL;sanz gs ,dp dh dk;\ ^gB;ksx çnhfids* ojhy czãkuankP;k ^tksRLuk* Vhdsr

eRL;sanzukFk o ehuukFk ,dp ekuys vkgsr- frcsVh nardFksuqlkj ehuukFk gk eRL;saUnzkpk

firk vkgs- usikGh dFksuqlkj rks R;kpk HkkÅ vkgs- rj ejkBh çFksuqlkj rks R;kapk eqyxk]

d/kh esuukFk ;k ukokus vkgs- dkSyKku &fu.kZ;knh xzaFkkr eRL;sanzukFk &ehu ,dp

vkgsr- Kkus“ojh eRL;sanzkpk êhu* ;k ukokus mYys[k djrkr- ¼Kkus“ojh 18-1755½

^dnyh&e¥tqukFkekgkRE;k*rgh eRL;sanz&ehu ,dp vkgsr- voyksfd“oj Eg.ktsp

eRL;sanzukFk vls usikGh ijaijk ekurs-

2½ cgqrsd loZ dFkkarwu eRL;sanzukFkkal mins“k çR;{k f“kokdMwu feGkyk- Eg.kts R;kauk

ekuoh xq: ukgh] vlkp fu’d’kZ fu?krks- f“kokps ikoZrhl mins“k dFku o eRL;:ikus

rs xzg.k dj.ks] ;k ?kVusl loZ= çk/kkU; vkgs- vusd fBdk.kh eRL;sanz f“kokpk vorkj]

rj d/kh rks fo’.kwpk vorkj vlk funsZ”k vkyk vkgs-

3½ tkya/kjukFk gk eRL;sanzukFkkapk ledkyhu ukFkfln~/k gks;-

¼176½

4½ eRL;sUnzkapk ,d çeq[k f“k’; Eg.kts xksj{kukFk vFkok xksj[kukFk gk gks;-

tkya/kjukFk gs dkuqik o Ñ’.kikn ;kaps xq: gksrs-

5½ eRL;sanzukFk gs ;ksxekxkZps çorZd [kjs( i.k la;ksxo“kkr rs dqBY;k rjh ¼dknyh

cukrhy -------\½ ,dk rkaf=d L=hifjokjkr o jkT;kr lkiMys- vkiyh ;ksx ijaijk

fol:u rs ,dk jk.khP;k lgoklkr Hkksxfoyklkr jeys- xksj{kukFkkus R;kaph lqVdk

dsyh- R;kauk ehuukFk] esuukFk] /keZukFk v“kk ukokapk ,d iq= gksrk- d/kh nksu iq=kapkgh

mYys[k vkgs- jk.khph ukos eSukfduh] ifjeGk] eaxyk v“kh fofo/k çdkjph ?ksrkr-

eRL;sanz gk jk.khpk irh ulwu ;ksx ekxkZrhy xq: vlkgh vkxzg dkgh fBdk.kh fnlrks-

6½ fofo/k çdkjP;k fln~/kh] peRdkj] HkLenku] ijdk;kços“k fofo/k vL=kpk okij b-

vykSdhd ckchapk çkjaHk ;kp eRL;sanzukFkkiklwu >kyk- okeekxhZ rkaf=dkapk vFkok

'kkDrkapkgh çHkko R;kaP;koj gksrk-95 ojhy çdkjs ç-u-tks“kh ;kauh fofo/k ukFk dFkkapk

vk<kok ?ksÅu R;kaP;k dk;kZoj laf{kIr çdk“k Vkd.;kpk ç;Ru dsyk-

eRL;sanzukFk &'kkDr dkSy er

b-l- 10 O;k 11 O;k 'krdkr lektkr rkaf=drspk çlkj eksB;k çek.kkr

>kysyk gksrk- loZp /keZ iaFkkr rkaf=drk eksB;k çek.kkr fnlwu ;srs- Jh-eRL;sanukFkkauh

pkj rkaf=d xzaFkkaph fufeZrh dsY;kps ekuys tkrs- ;k xzaFkko:u R;kaP;kojgh rkaf=dsrpk

çHkko iMysyk fnlrks- R;kauh dkSy rkaf=d erkpk iqjLdkj dsysyk vkgs- ;koj ckSn~/k

/kekZrhy otz;ku o lgt;ku] 'kSo rkaf=d o 'kkDr erkpk çokg iMysyk gksrk-

eRL;sanukFkkauh dkSyKku fu.kZ;] vdqyohj ra= Hkkx&1 o Hkkx&2] dqykuan vkSj

Kkudkfjdk ;k pkj rkaf=d xzaFkkph fufeZrh dsyh- gs pkjgh xzaFk usikGP;k njckj gkWy

xzaFkky;kr vkgsr- ;kaps laiknu MkW- çcks/kpanz ckxpha ;kauh dsysys vkgs-

^dkSyKku&fu.kZ;* gs xzaFk dkSy erkP;k dsysY;k iqjLdkjkps laiw.kZ leFkZu djrs

o dqykpkjkps egÙo Li’Vi.ks js[kkVrs- vkiY;k rÙoKkukr R;kauh dkSy erkpk iqjLdkj

dsysyk vkgs- ;k dkSy Kkukpk fopkj f“kofufeZr vkgs- ;k f“kofufeZr Kkukps uko

95- tks”kh ç-u-] ukFk laçnk;] mn; o foLrkj] f}rh; lq/kkjhr vko`Ùkh] vatyh ifCyf”kax gkÅl]

iq.ks] vkWxLV 2004] i`’B Ø- 206&207

¼177½

ifgY;k ;qxkr ^dkSyKku* gksrs- nqlÚ;k ;qxkr R;kl ^fln~/kdkSy* Eg.kr- frlÚ;k ;qxkr

;kl ^fln~/kke`r* Eg.kw ykxys( rj ;k pkSF;k ;qxkr R;kl êRL;ksanj Kku* vls Eg.krkr-

vlk let ukFk vuq;k;kae/;s vkgs-

dkSy KkukP;k ekxkZyk ^fln~/kKku* ;k ukokusgh vksG[kys tkrs- ;k iaFkkyk

czhtea= vkfnukFkkdMwu feGkyk- ;k dkSyekxkZr nksu ers vkgsr- ,dkr ^}SrHkko* vkgs

rj nqlÚ;k ^lgtHkko* vkgs- }SrHkkokr dqykpkj vkgs- o lgtHkkokr lk/kd o f“ko gs

,d gksowu tkrkr o ex R;kaP;kr nqljh çÑrh jkgr ukgh- ;kykp ^“kkejL; fln~/kh*

vls EgVysys vkgs vkf.k dkSykpkjh lk/kdkaph gh voLFkk çkIr d:u ?ks.;kdMs

lk/kusph ?kksMnkSM vlrs- dkSyerkr ;k }SrHkkoususp lgtkoLFksr tkrk ;srs o lk/kd

ex vafre /;s; çkIr d:u ?ksow 'kdrks-

;ksxhuh dkSyerkpk eq[; xzaFk ^^dkSyKku fu.kZ;** gk vlwu rks nso o HkSjo

;kaP;k laoknkRed vkgs- ;kr l`’Vh] çy;] ekulfyaxkps ekulksipkjk}kjs iwtu]

fuxzg&vuqxzg] çfrek tYiu] ?kVik’kk.kLQksVu] b- fln~/kh] Hkzkarh&fujlu&Kku]

tho&Lo:i] tjk&ej.k] ds”kifyrkps fuokj.k] vdqykiklwu dqykfp mRiÙkh] dqykph

iwtk in~/krh] xq:iaDrh] fln~/kiaDrh] ;ksfxuhiaDrh] pØ/;ku] v}Sriwtk] ik«kp;kZ]

U;klfo/kh] “kh?kz&fln~/kh ns.kkÚ;k /;kueqnzk] egkçy;kP;k osGh HkSjokps vkRej{k.k]

vkReKku] fln~/kiwtu] dqynhifOkKku] nsgkrhy pØfLFkr nsoh] diky&Hksn]

dkSyekxkZpk fOkLrkj] ;ksfxuh&lapkj] nsgLFk&fln~/kkph iwtk b- fo’k; vkysys vkgsr-

^^dqykuanra=e~** ;k HkSjo nsohP;k laoknkrwu ;ksxh fØ;kaps o.kZu vkgs- ^KkudkVhdk* ;k

xzaFkkr eks{kkf/kdkj] /kekZ/keZ fopkj] /kekZrhr vOkLFkk bR;knhps o.kZu vkys vkgs-

^^;ksxfo’k;** ;k ,dk eRL;sanzfojfpr çdj.kkr çkjaHkhp xq:ps ekgkRE; fo’kn dsys vkgs-

lkefl/nh çkIr gks.;klkBh xq: o f”k’; ;kaP;krhy Hksn ukghlk Ogk;yk gok-

v’VpØkaph LFkkus of.kZyh vkgsr- o ex vls EgVys vkgs dh] fujatuin gs pØkrhr

¼178½

vkgs- bMk] fiaxyk] lq’kqEuk] çk.kk;ke] vkse~dkj] f«kdqV] f«kgV] xksYgkV] f”k[kj]

daqMfyuh] ^^gal%&lks·ge~** pk ti b-ps la{ksikus o.kZu ;kr vkgs-96

xksj[kukFk@xksj{kukFk

uÅ ukFkkaiSdh loZ lkekU;i.ks lokZf/kd yksdfç; ukFk çorZd Eg.kwu

xksj[kukFkkdMs ikfgys tkrs- ukFk laçnk;kps vk| çorZd eRL;sanzukFkkapk lokZr vkoMrk

f”k’; xksj[kukFk] eRL;sanzukFk& xksj[kukFk ;k xq: f”k’;kaP;k tksMhpk mYys[k vusd

ukFk laçnkf;d xzaFkkae/kwu vkysyk vkgs- ;k xq:f”k’;klaca/khP;k ljl dFkk vktgh

lektkr vktgh yksdfç; vkgsr- ohj”kSo fyaxk;r /keZlaçnk;kr T;kçek.ks egkRek

clos”ojkaps LFkku vkgs- R;kpizek.ks ukFklaçnk;kr xksj[kukFkkps LFkku vkgs- gs nks?ksgh

ledkyhu vlwu R;kauh lektkrhy vfu’B izFkkaP;k fojks/kkr iwoZ e/;;qxkr çFker%p

vkokt mBfo.;kpk ç;Ru dsyk- ;k dkGkr dY;k.kh pkyqD; jktlÙksyk vksgksVh

ykxyh rj eaxGos<;kP;k dypqjh “kkldkuh ¼jktk fcTty½ dY;k.kh pkyqD;kaph

tkxk ?ksryh- v”kk çdkjs ckjkO;k “krdkr jktdh; ?kMkeksMhlkscrp /kkfeZd o

lkekftd ?kMkeksMh ?kMwu ;sr vlrkuk ohj”kSo fyaxk;r laçnk;kps egkRek clos”oj o

ukFk laçnk;kps xksj[kukFk ;kaph Hkwfedk vfr”k; egÙokph Bjyh-

xksj[kukFkkaph fofo/k ukos o ukokapk vFkZ

xksj{kukFkkaps tUeLFkku o tUeo’kZ

Bksl lk/kukvHkkoh xksj{kukFkkapk tUeo’kZ dks.krk vkgs] Li’Vi.ks lkaxrk ;sr

ukgh- vls vlys rjh fofo/k vH;kldkauh ukFk laçnk;kpk vH;kl d:u vkikvkiyh

ers ekaM.;kpk ç;Ru dsysyk vkgs- vki.k çFke fofo/k fo}kukaph ers tk.kwu ?ksow o

R;krhy nks’kkaph ppkZ d:-

MkW-“kghnqYyk % vkBos “krd

MkW-eksguflax % vkBos fdaok uoos “krd

MkW-ckxph % uoos fdaok ngkos “krd

iafMr lkaÑR;k;u % uoos “krd

96- <sjs jk-fpa-]] ukFk laçnk;kpk bfrgkl] çFkeko`Ùkh ¼lq/kkjhr½] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] lIVsacj

2007] i`-Ø- 63

¼179½

e-e-gjçlkn 'kkL=h % uoos 'krd

MkW-f}osnh % ngkos] vdjkos 'krd

MkW-cMFoky % vdjkos 'krd

MkW-QdqZgj % ckjkos 'krd

çks-fczXt % ckjkos 'krd

Jhjke panz 'kqDy % vdjkos rs rsjkos 'krd

MkW-efyd % vdjkos 'krd

MkW-xksfoan f«kxquk;r % ckjkos 'krd

MkW-lqfurdqekj pVthZ % ckjkos 'krd97

çkphu ukFk ledkyhu xazFkk}kjs vkysY;k xksj[kukFkklacaf/kpk dky[kaM

dkSyKku fu.kZ; % vdjkos 'krd

bZ“ojçR;kfHkKk % vdjkos 'krd

xksfoanpanzsj xku % ckjkO;k 'krdkpk lq:okrhpk dky[kaM

çca/k fparke.kh % ngkos 'krd

xksihpansjxku % ngkos 'krd

yhGkpfj= % ckjkos 'krd

vfHkuo xqIrkapk ra=kyksd % vkdjkos 'krd

diwZjeatjh % uoos 'krd

daFkMcks/k % ngkos 'krd

çHkqfyaxfyyk % ckjkos 'krd

xksj[kukFk o ledkyhu jkT;drsZ

mTtsuhpk ijekjHkkst & b-l- 1076&1126

dY;k.kh pkywD; foØekfnR; lgkok & b-l- 1076&1125

97- <sjs jk-fpa-] ukFk laçnk;kpk bfrgkl] çFkeko`Ùkh ¼lq/kkjhr½] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] lIVsacj

2007] i`-Ø- 76

¼180½

jktsanz pksy & b-l- 1063&1112

eqyjkt pkyqD; & b-l- 941&996

pacGpk jktk lkfgYyoekZ & b-l- 920

panzuxjpk jktk & b-l- 1027

ojhy fofo/k ers gh xksj[kukFkkaP;k tUeo’kkZlacaf/kph vkgsr- lk/kkj.kr% b-l-P;k

9 O;k 'krdkiklwu rs 12 O;k 'krdki;ZarP;k njE;ku dks.kR;k rjh 'krdkr xksj[kukFk

gksÅu xsys] ;kpk 'kks/k ?ks.;kpk vki.k ç;Ru d:- ukFk laçnk; gk xq:ijaijk vl.kkjk

laçnk; vkgs- ;k ijaijsr vusd ukFk laçnk;hapk lekos“k gksrks- vki.kkl çFke ;kiSdh

,[kk|k ukFk laçnk;h vuq;k;kaP;k fuf“pr dkG miyC/k >kY;kl R;k vk/kkjs

xksj[kukFkkP;k dk;ZdkGki;Zar iksgprk ;sbZy- eRL;sanzukFkkaps f“k’; xksj{kukFk gs gksrs gs

lokZauhp ekU; dsysys vkgs- xksj{kukFkkaps f“k’; vejukFk o xfguhukFk- xfguhukFkkpk

laca/k egkjk’Vªk“kh vkgs- xfguhukFkkps f“k’; gs fuo`ÙkhukFk- fuo`ÙkhukFkkauh vkiY;k fofo/k

vHkaxkr xq: ijaijsps o.kZu dsysys vkgs-98

^Kkus“oj* vkiyk ofMy HkkÅ fuo`ÙkhukFk ;kauk xq:LFkkuh ekurkr-

fuo`ÙkhukFkkdMwup Kkus“ojknh HkkoMkai;Zar ukFk laçnk; iksgpyk-99

Kkus“ojkaP;k tUedkGkP;k vk/kkjs xksj[kukFkkpk dky[kaM 'kks/krk ;sow 'kdrks-

Kkus“ojkapk tUe dkG 'kds 1197 Eg.kts b-l- 1275 vlk lkafxryk tkrks-100

Kkus“ojkaps eksBs HkkÅ fuo`ÙkhukFkkpk tUedkG b-l- 1273 vlk lkafxryk tkrks-

fuo`ÙkhukFkkaps vktksck xksfoanjko vkf.k vkth fujkbZ ;kaukgh xfguhukFkkdMwu mins“k

dsY;kps lkafxrys tkrs- xksfoaniarkuk foB~By iar ¼Kkus“ojkaps ofMy½ gk eqyxk o;kP;k

iapkoUukO;k o’khZ >kyk- lkekU;i.ks xksfoaniarkpk thoudky 75 o’kkZpk Bjrks-

98- ^^fuo`Ùkh x;uhÑik tirks veqi tk.kA Lkkafxryh [kw.k xksj{kkusaAA**

^^fuo`Ùkh x;uhnso minsf”ky loZA Xkksj{kh xqg;Hkko lkaxrh etAA**

^^fuo`Ùkh ifjokj xq: x;uh vejA Xkksj{kha danj czge ek>sAA**

^^fuo`Ùkh l/kj xksj{kh x;uhA czã:isa iw.khZa lejlsaAA** ¼Jh Kkus”oj egkjktkaph xkFkk½

99- ^^rs.ksa dfGdfGr HkwrkA vkyk ns[kksfu fu:rkA rs vkKk Jhfuo`ÙkhukFkkA fn/kyh ,SlhAA

uk vk/kh xq: 'kadjkA ykxksuh f”k’; ijaijkA cks/kkpk gk laljkA tkyk tks vkeqrsaAA

rks gk rwa ?ksÅfu vk?kokA dGha fxfGr;ka ftokaA loZ çdkjha /kkaokA djha ik osxhaAA

¼Kkus”ojh] 18-1758&1760½

100- xqjo Jh Ñ’.k] Jh Kkus”kkapk tUedkG vkf.k tUexzke] Hkkjr bfrgkl la’kks/kd e aMG] iq.ks]

=Sekfld] Kkunso fo”ks’kkad] [kaM 57] vad 1&4 MkW-fpa-uk- ijpqjs] Hkkjr bfrgkl la”kks/ku

eaMG] iq.ks] fMlascj 1976] i`-Ø- 8

¼181½

fuo`ÙkhukFkkapk tUe ¼b-l- 1273½ foB~ByiarkP;k 35 O;k o’khZ /kjyk] rj ¼b-l- 1273

&35=1238½ blohlu 1238 gk foB~Byiarkpk tUe dkG ;srks- R;kosGh xksfoaniarkps

o; 55 vlY;keqGs xkasfoaniarkpk tUedkG ¼1238&55=1183½ b-l- 1183 P;k lqekjkl

>kyk vlkok- xfguhukFkkpk dky[kaM ;k vk/kkjs b-l- 1180 rs b-l- 1280 P;k

lqekjkrhy Bjrks- ;k vk/kkjs xfguhukFkkps xq: xksj[kukFk gs ckjkO;k 'krdkrhy Bjrkr-

lk/kkj.kr% R;kapk dky[kaM b-l- 1130 rs b-l-1190 vlk vlw 'kdrks-101

ohj“kSo fyaxk;r laçnk;kps çeq[k çorZd egkRek clos“oj ;kapk tUe dkG b-

l- 1105 rs 1167 vlk lkafxryk tkrks-102

çHkqfyax yhyk xazFkkP;k vk/kkjs ohj“kSo

fyaxk;r laçnk;h o egkRek clos“ojkaps ledkyhu vuq;k;h vYyeçHkw o xksj[kukFk

;kaP;ke/;s Jh“kSY; ioZrkoj rkfÙod erHksn >kY;kps fnlrs- ;kpk vFkZ vYyeçHkw o

xksj[kukFk gs ledkyhu Eg.kts xksj[kukFkkpk dky[kaM ckjkos 'krd Bjrks-

xksj[kukFkkaps tUeLFkku

xksj[kukFkkaP;k tUedky[kaMkçek.ksp R;kaP;k tUeLFkkukcn~nygh fo“oluh;

iqjkO;kvHkkoh fo}kukae/;s erHksn tk.korkr- R;k laca/kh vki.k iq<hyçek.ks ppkZ d:-

1- xksj[kukFkkpk tUe usikGe/;s >kyk- dkj.k usikGe/;s xksj[kukFkkaP;k

tUeklaca/khP;k vusd dFkk lkafxrY;k tkrkr-103

2- xksnkojhP;k rhjkoj ,dk czkã.k L=hl xHkZlaHko >kyk o R;kiklwu

xksj{kkaPkk tUe >kyk- ckjkO;k o’khZ R;kauh eRL;sanzukFkkdMwu mins“k

Lohdkjyk-

101- <sjs jk-fpa-]] ukFk laçnk;kpk bfrgkl] çFkeko`Ùkh ¼lq/kkjhr½] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] lIVsacj

2007] i`-Ø- 115

102- Desai P.B. Basaveshwara and His Times, Second Edition, Basava Samithi, Basava

Bhavan, Bengalore, 2006, Page No. 325

103- mnk- R;kaP;k tUeklaca/kh lkafxryh tk.kkjh usikGe/khy lokZr yksdfç; dFkk v”kh &

^êgknsokP;k çlknkus ,d foçL=hl foHkwrh vFkok HkLe feGkys- vJ/nseqGs rhus rs HkLe

'ks.;kP;k f<xkÚ;kr Vkdwu fnys- 12 o’kkZuarj ;kp f<xkÚ;krwu xksj{kkapk tUe >kyk-

eRL;saUnzkuh R;kauk mins”k fnyk o vkiY;k lkscr usys- iq<s xksj{kukFk usikGkyk vkys- rsFks

R;kaPkk vieku >kysYkk vlY;keqGs R;kauh e s?kleqgkl dksaMwu Bsowu vuko`’Vh ?kMowu vk.kyh-

eRL;sanzukFk ;sr vkgsr vls ikgwu xksj{kukFk oanu dj.;kl mBys rsOgk <xkaps ca/ku lqVys o

çtZU;o`’Vh gksow ykxyh-** ¼dY;k.kh efyd] ukFk laçnk;sj bfrgkl] n”kZu vks lk/kuç.kkyh

¼caxkyh½ i`-Ø- 280

¼182½

3- ^;ksxhlaçnk;kfo’Ñrh* ;k xzaFkkçek.ks R;kapk tUe xksnkojh unhP;k rhjkojhy

panzxhjh ukokP;k xkoh >kyk-

4- usikG jkT;kP;k xazFkky;krhy gLrfy[khrko:u nf{k.ksdMs vlysY;k oMo

ukokP;k ns“kkr egkea=kP;k çlkn Qyko:u xksj{kukFkkapk tUe >kyk-

5- ØqDl o fxz;lZu ;kauh fu/kkZfjr dsysY;k ijaijsuqlkj xksj{kukFk ;kauh

lR;;qxkr iatkce/khy is“kkoj ;sFks] =srk;qxkr xksj[kiqj ;sFks] }kij;qxkr

}kjdsP;k iq<s gqjHkqte/;s o dfy;qxkr dkBsokM ;sFkhy xksj[ke<h ;k

fBdk.kh vorkj /kkj.k dsyk-104

6- ukf“kd ;sFkhy ukFklaçnk;h vuq;k;kaP;k ers xksj[kukFk gs ewGps

usikGe/khy- iq<s rs iatkc o rsFkwu ukf“kd ifjljkr vkys-

ojhy fofo/k ers ikgrk xksj[kukFkkaps oa“kt gs mÙkj Hkkjrkrhy vlkosr ;k

dky[kaMkr rs nf{k.k Hkkjrkr vkys- iq<s rs ;sFksp fLFkj >kys vlkosr- ukf“kd]

«;acds“ojpk ifjlj ukFk laçnk;kus çHkkfor >kysyk çns“k vkgs- «;acds“oj ;sFkhy

xksj[kxaqQk] xfg.khukFkkpk ;sFkhy fuokl] toGp pkSjaxh ukFkk“kh lacaf/kr lIr“kàxh

vkf.k rsFkwu vgenuxj ftYgîkrhy o`/ns“ojki;Zarph ukFk çHkkfor Mksaxjh LFkkus ;kapk

fopkj djrk xksj[kukFkkapk çHkko ukf“kd&uxj ifjljkr >kyk vkgs vls er jk-fpa-<sjs

O;Dr djrkr-105

iwoZ e/;;qxkr Eg.kts 10 O;k rs 12 O;k 'krdkr dY;k.kh

pkyqD;&dypqjh o ;knokaph lÙkk egkjk’Vªkr gksrh- ukFk iaFkkpk çHkko egkjk’Vªkoj

gksrk vkf.k vktgh vkgs- vusd ukFk laçnk;h ifo= LFkkus egkjk’Vªkr vkgsr- ;kf“kok;

dY;k.kh pkyqD; jkT; ifjljkr nf{k.k Hkkjrkrhy çfl/n ra= fcV Jh-'kSY; ts

dnyhcu ifjljkr vkgs ;k fBdk.kh xksj[kukFkkps xq: eRL;sanzukFkkaps okLrO; gksrs- iq<s

xksj[kukFkakuhgh ;k ifjljkr okLrO; dsysys vkgs- ;sFksp vYyeçHkw o xksj[kukFk

;kaP;kr rkfÙod Hksn ;sFksp fuekZ.k >kys- ;ko:u gs Li’V gksrs dh] xksj[kukFkkaph

104- f}osnh gtkjh çlkn] ukFk laçnk;] çFkeko`Ùkh] fg anwLFkkuh vdWMeh] mÙkjçns”k] vykgkckn]

1950] i`-Ø- 96-

105- <sjs jk-fpa-] ukFk laçnk;kpk bfrgkl] çFkeko`Ùkh ¼lq/kkjhr½] i|xa/kk çdk”ku] iq.ks] lIVsacj

2007] i`-Ø- 81

¼183½

tUeHkweh mÙkj Hkkjr vlks vFkok nf{k.k Hkkjr i.k R;kaps lokZf/kd okLrO; o deZHkweh

egkjk’Vª dukZVdpk lhekHkkx vkgs- ,o<s ek= uDdh-

xksj[kukFkkaps pfj= o dk;Z

dFkk] vk[;kf;dk] Lrks=s bR;knh lk/kukae/kqu xksj[kukFkkps pfj= o O;fDreÙo

LFkwy ekukus vuqekfurrk ;srs- xksj[kukFkkps ok³~e;] R;kaph lk/kuk] R;kapk f“k’;ijhokj-

R;kaph rhFkZ;k=k] R;kaps flfn~/klkeF;Z] R;kaps rkfÙod fln~/kkar bR;knhpk lw{ersus fopkj

d:u xksj[kukFkkaP;k pfj=kph o O;fDrÙokph lk/kkj.k :ijs’kk Bjfork ;s.;klkj[kh

vkgs- gtkjh çlkn f}osnhaP;kers 'kadjkpk;kZaP;k [kkyks[kky xksj[kukFkkapk çHkko Hkkjrh;

tuekulkoj vkgs- cgqrsd la“kks/kdkaps vls er vkgs] dh xksj[kukFkakpk TkUe czkã.k

dqGkr >kyk- eksguflaxkaP;k ers rs fganw fo/kosps voS/k iq= gksr- ^^lektkP;k [kkyP;k

Fkjkr tUe ?ksOkwu drZ`ZÙokus Økarh dj.kkjk egkiq:’k** vls xksj[kukFkkaps o.kZu rs

djrkr- ^xksj{kflan~/kkaUrlaxzgkr^ R;kauk ^bZ“oj larku^ EgVys vkgs- êfrjRukdj^ ;k

egkuqHkkokaP;k xzaFkkr xksj{kkapk tUe 'kwnz dqGkr >kY;kps o.kZu vkgs-106 jk-fpa- <sjs ;kaP;k

ers rks nf{k.ksr LFkkf;d >kysY;k dkf“ejh czkã.k iafMrkaP;k dqGkr tUeyk vlkok107

xksj[kukFkkaP;k ukokoj ts laLÑr o çkÑr xazaFk miyC/k vkgsr] R;ko:u R;kauk laLÑr

Hkk’ksps Kku pkaxys vlkos o R;kapk rÙoKkukpk vH;kl l[kksy vlkok xksj[kukFk

xkSjo.khZ; o ns[k.ks vlkosr dkj.k R;kaP;k :ikps o.kZu UkkFklaçnk;h xzaFkkr vlsp

vkysys vkgs- jkaxs; jk?ko ;kauhgh vlsp er O;Dr dsyssys vkgs-108

xksj[kukFk o R;kaps xq: eRL;sanzukFkka“kh lacf/kr vusd dFkk ukFk lkaçnk;h

xazFkke/kwu fnlrkr- vkiys xq: eRL;sanzukFk ;kaP;k 'kks/kklkBh] m/nkjklaca/kh T;k dFkk

miyC/k vkgsr] R;ko:u xksj[kukFk gs cqf/neku] çlax vksG[k.kkjs] fofo/k os”k&Hkw’kk

/kkj.k dj.kkjs gksrs- xksj{kdkyhu /keZlk/kuspk tks fopkj fnlrks R;kuqlkj xksj[kukFkkaps

106- -------- vkf.k xksj{k tUeyk “kqnz dqGhA rks efPNanzkpk f”k’; ukFkvksGhA

rks tUeyk f”kjdeGhA gs vlR;AA ¼efrjRukdj] i`’V Ø- 25½

107- <sjs jk-fpa-] Jh xq: xksj{kukFk] pfj= vkf.k ijaijk] çFkeko`Ùkh] oksjk vWUM daiuh] eqacbZ] 1956

i`’B Ø- 103

108- jk?ko jkaxs;] xksj[kukFk vkSj mudk ;qx] çFke laLdj.k] vkRekjke ,.M laUl fnYyh] 1963

i`’B Ø- 45&46

¼184½

orZu vfr“k; mnkÙk] ifo+= o uSf’Bd vlkos- L=h jkT;krwu vkiY;k xq:yk eqDr

dj.;klkBh R;kauh dsysys ç;Ru] R;kauh dsysyk mins“k bR;knh ?kVdkao:u xksj[kukFk

gs fojkxh] R;kxh] czãp;Z ijk;.k] gV~;ksxh] uhrheku vls gksrs ;kr 'kadk ukgh ;kp

la;ekpk] 'kqn~/k vpj.kkpk] furhpk mins“k xksj{kkauh dsysyk fnlwu ;sRkks- ledkyhu

/keZlk/kuk dkefØMsr o foÑr vpj.kkr jeysyh vlrkuk xksj{kukFkkauh vkiY;k

çHkkokus fryk 'kqn~/k o ifo=] uSf’Vd o oSjkX;iw.kZ v“kk ekxkZoj v.kwu ukFklaçnk;kps

çorZu uO;kus dsys- R;kaph gh fo’k;ijk³~eq[krk o R;kaps [kMrj oSjkX; ikgqqup

Kkus“ojklkj[;k ;ksxhfl/n R;kaps o.kZu ^fo’k;fo/oalSdohj^ v“kk “kCnkus djrkr- gs

;FkkFkZp Eg.kkos ykxsy- R;kaps vkpj.k o R;kapk mins“k ;kaP;kr ,d:irk gksrh-

dkfeuh vkf.k dkapu ;kaPkk yksHk ulY;kP;k vusd dFkk R;kaP;k laca/kh ukFklkaçnkf;d

xzaFkkr fBd&fBdk.kh fnlrkr- eY;kG ns“kkr R;kauk jk.khP;k vkJ;kus lq[kfoyklkr

jkg.;kph la/kh gksrh( i.k rh R;kauh vOgsfjyh- ikoZrhus T;k pkj fln~/kkaph :iorh L=h

ikBowu ijh{kk ?ksryh R;kr xksj{kukFk ;“kLoh >kYks- R;kauh R;k L=hl ekr`LFkkuh ekuys-

;k dFksps eeZ o Kkus“ojknh ukFkiaFkh; larkaPkk L=hdMs igk.;kpk n`f’Vdksu y{kkr ?ksrk

xksj{kkaP;k oSjkX;kps egÙo /;kukr ;sbZy- eRL;sanzkaP;k >ksGhe/khy ohV Qsdwu ns.kkÚ;k

xksj{kukFkkaP;k fojDrhps eeZ Li’V vkgs-

xksj[kukFkkauk fofo/k fln~/kh voxr vlY;krjh R;kapk mi;ksx yksdkaps nq%[k nwj

gks.;klkBh Ogkok] vls R;kauk okVs- fla/k çkarke/khy yksdkauk flfn~/kP;k lkeF;kZus NGw

ikg.kkÚ;k n;kukFkkauk xksihpankP;k vkxzgko:u mins“k djrkuk xksj{kukFk Eg.kkys]

*yksdkauk nq%[k nsow udksl eh rqyk o rqÖ;k vkuq;k;kauk rlsp fojks/kdkauk ojnku nsrks]

dh rqEgkl LoPN] 'kqHkz oL=kaph o pkaXkY;k ?kksM;kaph d/khgh ok.k iM.kkj ukgh-^ R;kauh

n;kukFkkauk vkiys f“k’; dsys- R;kaP;k dkukauk Hkksds ikMwu R;kr dqaMys ?kkryh- dkG;k

lqrkps ikxksVs cka/kys o nhukapk mn~/kkj dj.;klkBh ikBowu fnys-109

xksj[kukFkkaP;k laçnk;kps ,d eksBs oSf”k’Vîs vls] dh R;kr pkrqoZ.;Z vFkok

o.kkZJe ;kapk Hksn uls- xksj{kkapk laçnk; ;k lokZaP;k ifydMpk Eg.kts vfro.kZkJeh

109- jk?ko jkaxs;] xksj[kukFk vkSj mudk ;qx] çFke laLdj.k] vkRekjke ,.M laUl fnYyh] 1963]

i`’B Ø- 51&52

¼185½

ekuyk tkrks- ;oukauk lqn~/kk R;kaP;k laçnk;kr ços”k vkgs- R;kaP;k ifjokjkr fofo/k

tkrhaps] O;olk;kaps fln~/k gksrs- “kq’d deZdkaM] ea=ra=] tknwVks.kk] iapedkjknh vukpkj

bR;knh xks’Vh R;kauk ekU; uOgR;k TokyknsohP;k eafnjkr R;kauh fgalkfojfgr vls

ekuoiwtsps vuq’Bku dsys gksrs- Hkkax] e|] ekal] bR;knhP;k lsoukiklwu rs vfyIr gksrs-

nzO;fndkapk laxzg o u”kk vk.k.kkjh O;lus ;ksxh ek.klkl mi;ksxh ulY;kps R;kauk

okVs- jktkl ,dnk xksj[kukFk Eg.kkys] êh tfeuhoj >ksirks] ekÖ;ktoG vaFk:.k&

ika?k:u oxSjs dkgh ukgh- eh nxMk&/kksaM;kr o dkV;kdqqV;kr jkgrks-^ ;ksxh rj

fu/kZup vlrks R;kaP;k toG nzO; ulrs] R;kps Lor%ps vls fuoklLFkku dksBsp

ulY;keqGs rs lrr Hkze.k”khy vlr- ;k Hkze.kkr R;kapk vla[; L=h&iq:’kka”kh laca/k

vkyk vklkok- ;qorhl ^cgu^ ekukos] o;Ldj L=hyk êkrk^ Eg.kkos v”kh R;kaph

f”kdo.k gksrh-

xksj{kukFkkaps lkfgfR;d dk;Z

xksj[kukFk fo}ku o lkfgfR;d gksrs- R;kaP;k ukokoj fyfgysyh vusd xazFk

vk<Grkr- xksj{k—r laL—r xzaFkkr veuLd] vejkS?kçcks/k] vejkS?k“kklue~]

xksj{kin~/krh] xksj{klafgrk] egkFkZeatjh] ¼egs“ojkuan—r\½] fln~/kflan~/kkaUri/nrh]

;ksxekrZaM] vo/kwrxhrk] xksj{kdYi] xksj{kdkSeqnh] xksj{kxhrk] xksj{kfpfdRlk] xksj{kiapd]

xksj{k“kkL=] prqj“khR;klu] Kkuçdk“k“krd] Kku“krd] ukMhKkuçnhfidk]

;ksxfparke.kh] ;ksxcht] ;ksx“kkL=] ;ksxfl/nklui/nrh] foosdekrZaM] JhukFklw=]

gV~;ksx] gV~lafgrk] Kkuke`r;ksx bR;knh xzaFkkaph ukos çkeq[;kus ?ksryh tkrkr-

firkacjnÙk cMFkoky] dY;k.kh efyd] gtkjhçlkn f}osnh bR;knh Hkkjrh; fo}kukauh

xksj{kukFkkaP;k xazFkkaps Hkk’kkarj o laiknu dsysys vkgs- R;kaps lkfgR; vksohcn~/k vlwu

R;kauk ^lcnh^ ;k ukokus vksG[kys tkrs- laL—r feJ fganhrwugh lkfgR;jpuk >kysyh

vkgs-

¼186½

ukFkfln~/k o brj çeq[k ukFk çorZd

lkekU;i.ks uo ukFkkapk o R;kaP;k fopkjkapk fEkGwu R;kapk ukFk laçnk;

cuY;kps er loZlkekU;kaps vkgs- i.k rs çeq[k uÅ ukFk dks.krs\ rs ewGps dks.krs\

R;kapk dky[kaM dks.krk\ ;k lacaf/kph ,dokD;rk ek= dks.kR;k ukFk laiznk;h xzaFkkr

fnlwu ;sr ukgh- fofo/k xzaFkkr uÅ ukFkkae/;s fofo/k ukos ukFkkaph vkysyh vkgsr- R;k

laca/kh vki.k FkksMD;kr ppkZ iq<hyçek.ks d:-

uoukFkHkfDrlkj

19 O;k “krdkrhy ujgjh ekyw ;kaP;k ûoukFkHkfDrlkj* ;k xzaFkkr uÅ

ukjk;.kkauh i`Fohoj uÅ ukFkkaP;k :ikus vorkj ?ksrY;kph dFkk vkgs-110 R;k uoukFkkaph

ukos iq<hyçek.ks]

ukjk;.k vorkj

1½ doh ukjk;.k & eRL;sanzukFk

2½ gjh ukjk;.k & xksj{kukFk

3½ vUrjh{k ukjk;.k & tkya/kjukFk

4½ çcqn~/k ukjk;.k & dkfuQukFk

5½ fiIiyk;u & piZVhukFk

6½ vfogksZ= & ukxukFk

7½ nqfeyukjk;.k & HkjFkjhukFk

8½ pelukjk;.k & jso.kukFk

9½ djHkktu & xfguhukFk

;ksxhlEçnk;kfo’Ñfr

;k xzaFkkr ojhy ukFkkaiSdh xksj[kukFkkauk oxGysys vkgs- gjhukjk;.k &

HkjFkhjukFk o nqfeZy ukjk;.k & xksihpanzukFk vls cny fnlrkr-

uoukFkpfj=eq

110- ujgjh /kaqMhlqr ekyw] Jh uoukFk HkDrhdFkklkj] o:.k ,aVjçk;>lZ] iq.ks] 1826] i`-Ø- 103

¼187½

15 O;k 'krdkP;k lq:okrhl fuokZ.k >kysY;k ;k rsyxw xzaFkkr iq<hyçek.ks

uoukFkkapk Øe fnlrks & 1½ f“koukFk] 2½ feuukFk] 3½ lkjax/kj] 4½ xksj{kukFk] 5½

es[kukFk] 6½ ukxktqZu] 7½ fln~/kcqn~/k] 8½ fo:ik{k] o 9½ df.kd-111

xksj{kfln~/kkarlaxzg

;k xzaFkkr nksu x.kuk ukFk çorZdkaP;k fnysY;k vkgsr-

v½ 1½ vkfnukFk] 2½ eRL;sanzukFk] 3½ mn;ukFk] 4½ naMukFk] 5½ LkR;ukFk] 6½ larks’kukFk]

7½ dqeZukFk] 8½ HkoukftZ o 9½ xksj{kukFk-

c½ 1½ xksj{kukFk] 2½ txUukFk] 3½ tya/kj] 4½ ukxktqZu] 5½ lgL=ktqZu] 6½ nÙkk=s;] 7½

nsonÙk] 8½ tMHkjr o 9½ eRL;sanj-112

lq/kkdjpafnzdk

xksj{kfl/nkarlaxzgkçek.ksp ;kgh xzaFkkr FkksMklk cny d:u ukFk çorZdkph

la[;k ukokuh“kh fnysyh vkgs- rh iq<hyçek.ks & c½ 1½ vkfnukFk] 2½ eRL;sanzukFk] 3½

mn;ukFk] 4½ n.MukFk] 5½ lR;ukFk] 6½ larks’kukFk] 7½ dqeZukFk] 8½ ,dukFk o 9½

xksj{kukFk113

egk.kZora=

;k xzaFkkrhy ukFkkaph ukos o xksj{kfln~/kkar laxzgkrhy nqlÚ;k ;knhr vkysyh

ukFkkaph ukos ;kr lekurk vkgs- & c½ 1½ xksj{kukFk] 2½ txUukFk] 3½ tkya/kj] 4½

ukxktqZu] 5½ lgL=ktqZu] 6½ nÙkk=s;] 7½ nsonÙk] 8½ tMHkjr o 9½ eRL;sanj-114

HkDreatjhekyk

jktkjke çlknh Ñr ^HkDreatjhekyk* ;k xzaFkkr Kkus“ojksÙkj ijaijsrhy

uoukFkkaph ukos iq<hyçek.ks & 1½ lR;keyukFk] 2½ xSchukFk] 3½ xqIrukFk] 4½

m/nks/kukFk] 5½ dsljhukFk] 6½ f“koknhukFk] 7½ ujgjhukFk] 8½ çfrHkk o 9½ lqHkx-115

111- Jh guqePNkL=h v;kfpr] jktdey çdk”ku] fnYyh] i`-Ø- 28

112- iafMr dfojkt xksfiukFk] xksj{kfl/nkarlaxzg] çFkeko`Ùkh] ljLorh Hkou xzaFkekyk] xzFkkadkM]

1925] i`-Ø- 40] 44&45

113- f}osnh gtkjhçlkn] ukFk laçnk;] çFkeko`Ùkh] fganqLFkkuh vWdMeh] vykgkckn] 1950] i`-Ø- 25

114- f}osnh gtkjhçlkn] mDr] i`-Ø- 24

115- f}osnh gtkjhçlkn] mDr] i`-Ø- 25

¼188½

Jh uoukFk dFkklkj

1½ efPNnzukFk] 2½ xksj{kukFk] 3½ tkya/kjukFk] 4½ dkfuQukFk] 5½ pQZVhukFk] 6½

oVfln~/k ukxukFk] 7½ HkrZjhukFk] 8½ jso.kukFk o 9½ xfguhukFk-116

dnyheatwukFkekgkRE;

;k xzaFkkr ukFk iajijsrhy iq<hy çeq[k ukFkkaph o.kZus vkysyh vkgsr- 1½

ehuukFk] 2½ daFkyhukFk] 3½ xksj{kukFk] 4½ dksd³.kukFk] 5½ fo:ik{kukFk] 6½ vuaxukFk]

7½ ty/kajukFk o 8½ v:.kkpyukFk117

ojhy fofo/k ukFklaçnk;h xzaFkkrhy vkysY;k fofo/k uÅukFkkaph ukos fofo/k

çdkjph fnlrkr- R;kapk Øegh osxosxGk vlY;kps fnlrs- fofo/k çknsf“kd fBdk.kh

R;k&R;k ifjljkrhy yksdfç; xazFkkuqlkj uÅukFk fofo/k ukokauh yksdfç; gksrs- vls

vlys rjh lkekU;r% eRL;sanzukFk o xksj[kukFk gs çeq[k ukFk çorZd ek= laiw.kZ

Hkkjrkr çfln~/k vkgsr-

ukFkfln~/k

ukFklaçnk;kr çeq[k ukFk çorZdkaçek.ks ukFkfl/nkaukgh egÙo çkIr >kysys vkgs-

uoukFkkae/;s fofo/k çknsf“kd fBdk.kh vkysY;k ukeHksnkçek.ks ukFkfln~/kkaph fofo/k

çns“kkuqlkj osxosxGh ukos fnlrkr- çkeq[;kus ukFklaçnk;krhy fln~/kkaph la[;k 84

brdh lkafxryh tkrs- b-l- 800 rs b-l- 1175 ;k dky[kaMkr otz;kuh ijaijsrhy 84

fln~/kkauk ukFk laçnk;kr ekU;rk feGowu rs ukFklaçnk;h cuys- Eg.kts otz;kuh

fln~/kkae/kwu ukFklaçnk;h 84 fl/nkapk mn; >kyk gs ukFk laçnk;h fln~/k fofo/k

tkrh&iaFkkrhy L=h&iq:’k gksrs- dke“kkL=krhy 84 vkLkuka“kh ;kapk laaca/k vlkok

vlsgh lkafxrys tkrs- ;k 84 jgL;e; la[;s“kh ckjk jk“kh o lkr xzg ;kaP;k

116- Jh uoukFk dFkklkj] ljLorh cqd daiuh] iq.ks] 2009] i`-Ø- 8

117- O;oLFkkid] ;ksxçpkjhuh] egklHkk] dnyheatqukFkegkRE;] ;ksxçpkfj.kh egklHkk]

xksj{kfVYyk] dk”kh] 'kds 1878] i`-Ø-] çLrkouk 5&7

¼189½

xq.kkdkjkaps ukrs tksMys vkgs- v’Vegkfln~/kh o peRdkjkps çkcY; ;kaP;k çHkkokeqGs ;k

fln~/kkauk yksdfç;rkgh feGkysyh gksrh- gs 84 fln~/k vtj] vej ekuys xsys vkgs-118

fofo/k ukFk laçnk;h xzaFkkr fln~/kkaph ukekuqØe vkysyk vkgs- rs vki.k iq<hyçek.ks

ikgw-

ukFklaçnk; mn; o foLrkj & ç-u- tks“kh] i`-Øa-171&173

ukFklaçnk;kpk bfrgkl & jk-fpa- <sjs] i`-Øa- 97&101

Jh uoukFk rÙoKku vkf.k mikluk&y-e- tks“kh] i`-113

loZlkekU;i.ks iq<hy 84 ukFk fln~/k ukFk lkaçnkf;dke/;s çfln~/k vkgsr- Hkkjrh;

laLÑrh dks“kkr tkr] dkG o ns“k ;klg 84 fln~/kkaph ;knh fnysyh vkgs- rh

iq<hyçek.ks]

1½ yqbZik & tkrhdk;LFk] ns“kex/k

2½ yhykik & ---------------

3½ oh:ik & ns“kex/k ¼b-l- 809& b-l- 849½ ledkyhu jktk nsoiky

¼caxky½

4½ Mkaschik & tkrh {ks=h;- ns“k ex/k] yqbZikpk f“k’;119

84 fln~/k fofo/k tkrh iaFkkrhy vkgsr- R;krhy cjhp“kh fon~oku o lkfgfR;d

gksrs- ukFk fln~/kkaP;k ;k ijaijsr dk;LFk] {kf=;] czkã.k] /kksch] rarwdkj o of.kd]

yksgkj bR;knh O;kolkf;dkaPkk lekos“k gksrks- [kM~xIik] FkxuIik] N=Iik] jkgqyik]

/kksdfjIik] bR;knh fln~/k 'kwnz tkrhrhy gksrs- yksdHkk’kspk vkJ; ts’B fln~/kkauh

?ksrysyk vlY;keqGs ;k 'kwnztkrhrhy lk/kdkauk fln~/kkoLFkki;Zar iksgprk vkys- iq:’k

fln~/kkçek.ks y{ehd“k] ef.kHknzk] es[kyik] dudykik v“kk dkgh fL=;kapkgh lekos“k

ukFk fln~/kkae/;s vkysyk vkgs-120

118- tks”kh y-e-] Jh uoukFk rÙoKku vkf.k mikluk] çFke laLdj.k] jkts”k çdk”ku] iq.ks]

i`-Ø- 112

119- tks”kh ç-u-] ukFk laçnk; mn; o foLrkj] lq/kkjhr f}rh; vko`Ùkh] vatyh ifCyf”kax gkÅl]

iq.ks] vkWxLV 2004] i`-Ø-171&172

120- tks”kh ç-u-] mDr] i`-Ø-178

¼190½

loZ fln~/kkae/;s vkfn fln~/k dks.k ;k fo’k;h erHksn vlys rjhgh ljgikn

;kaukp loZlkekU;i.ks vk|LFkku fnys tkrs- {kcj] yqbZik] nkjh] otz?kaVk] d.gik]

'kkafrIik bR;knh fln~/k çHkkoh vlwu otz;ku iaFkkpkgh çlkj ;kauh dsyk- /keZ] rÙoKku]

vkpj.k ;klkj[;k fofo/k thouko“;d ckchapk Økafrdkjd fopkj ukFk fln~/kkauh

yksdHkk’ks}kjk loZlkekU;ki;Zar iksgpfo.;kps egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z dsys vkgs-

ukFk rÙoKku

ukFkdkyhu o uarjP;k ukFk laçnk;h xzaFkkao:u vki.kkl ukFk

rÙoKkuklaca/khph dYiuk ;srs- rÙdkyhu fofo/k erkaçek.ks ukFk rÙoKkukojgh

'kkadj}Sr] v}Sr] dkf“ejh] 'kSok}Sr bR;knh rÙoçokgkpk çHkko iMysyk fnlrks- vls

vlys rjhgh ;krwup ,d Lora= rÙoçokg tUekl ;sowu iq<s rks fodflr >kyk-

;klaca/khph ppkZ vki.k iq<hyçek.ks d:-

ukFk rÙoKku o 'kadjkpk;kZapk v}Sr

ukFk rÙokojrh 'kadjkpk;kZapk çHkko tk.korks- ukFk iaFk gs fu:ikf/kd]

vokP; ;k Lo:ikr vlys rjhgh rs ewG mifu’knkae/kwu fu?kkysY;k v}Sr rÙoKkuk“kh

cjspls feGrs tqGrs vkgs- ukFk fln~/kkauh ekaMysys rÙoKku gs v}Srh vkgs- vkrk gs

v}Sr EgVys dh] çLFkku=;hps vk|Hkk’;dkj 'kadjkpk;Z] R;kaps ije xq: xkSaMiknkpk;Z

bR;knhauh n`< o yksdfç; dsysY;k v}Srkps vFkok osnkarkph vkBo.k gks.ks LokHkkfod

vkgs vkf.k eRL;sanzukFk] xksj{kukFk] Kkus“oj ;k ijaijsr ukFk fln~/kkaps rÙoKku 'kkadj

v}Sr rÙoKkuk“kh feGrs tqGrs vlY;kps er lkjLordkj Hkkos] ikxajdj] ck-xa- fVGd

bR;knh fo}kukps vkgs- Kkus“ojkapk dky[kaM rsjkO;k 'krdkrhy vlwu R;kaP;k vxksnj

o uarj 'kadjkpk;Z] vfHkuo xqIr] jkedaB] jkekuqtkpk;Z] e/okpk;Z] oYyHkkpk;Z] fuacdZ

vkf.k Kkus“oj ¼1275 &1296 b-l-½ v“kk vusd fo}kukauh ekaMysY;k erkapk121

çHkko

deh vf/kd çek.kkr Kkus“ojkaoj iMysyk tk.korks- fo-e-dsGdj ;kaP;k ers] }Srh

e/okpk;kaZapk çHkko Kkus“ojkaoj iM.;kpk laHko dehp- jkekuqt o fuckadZ ;kaphgh

121- “kadjkpk;Z&dsoyk}Srh] vfHkuoxqIr&v}Srh] jkedaB&v}Srh] jkekuqtkpk;Z& fof”k’Vk}Srh]

e/okpk;Z&}Srh] oYyHkkpk;Z&”kq/nk}Srh] fuackdZ&}Srk}Srh

¼191½

rÙoKkus Kkus“ojkaP;k rÙoKkukr fHkUu o gs vkiY;k iklwu nwjps vkpk;Z vlY;keqGs

R;kapkgh ifj.kke ukFkiaFkh; Kkus“ojakoj gks.ks 'kD; ukgh-122

'kadjkpk;Z] vfHkuo xqIr]

jkedaB gs ek= v}Srh vlwu Kkus“ojkaP;k vk/khps vlY;keqGs R;kapk çHkko 'kD;

vlY;kpsgh gs ekurkr- ojhy erkçek.ks 'ka-nk-isaMls] gs gh vkiY;k ^Jh Kkus“ojkaps

rÙoKku* ;k xzaFkkr 'kadjkpk;Z o Kkus“oj ;kaP;k rÙoKkukaph rqyuk 218 LFkGka“kh

d:u Kkus“oj gs 'kadjkpk;kZaps vuqdj.k djrkr vls R;kauh er ekaMysys vkgs-123

dkf“ejh 'kSo rÙoKkukP;k ckcrhr rs Eg.krkr] ^'kadjkpk;kZaps rÙoKku vkf.k dkf“ejh

'kSok}Sr gh cgqrsd lkj[khp vkgsr] gs iafMr eaqdwnjke“kkL=h] MkW-HkkaMkjdj] çks-fejk“kh

;k fo}kukps er cjkscj vkgs-*124

HkkaMkjdj vkiY;k ^ôS’.kfo>e~] 'kSfo>e~ vWUM ek;uj

fjfytl flLVhe** ;k xzaFkkr vkj-th-HkkaMkjdj Eg.krkr] "These (Kashmir Schools)

are very sobre in their doctrienes and practices and may be consiered to have

been influnced by the school of Shankar"125

ds-lh-ikaMs ;kaP;k ^^vfHkuo xqIr% ,

fgLVkWfjdy vWM fQykWlkWfQdy LVMh** ;k xzaFkkrgh vlsp er ekaMysys fnlrs-126

“kadjkpk;kZaaph dkf”ejph HksV] rsFkhy R;kaPkk çpkj] R;kaps rkaf=d Lrks=s ;kapk çHkko

vfHkuo xqIrkaP;k “kSok}Sr n”kZukoj iMysyk vkgs-

ojhy fofo/k erkapk fopkj djrk] “kadjkpk;kZaP;k v}Srh erkph Nki ukFk

rÙoKkukr fnlrs-

ukFk rÙoKku o dkf”ejh “kSo rÙoKku

;k erkaps çorZu ckGkpk;Z ek/kokpk;Z [kqisjdj “kkL=h ;kauh] ^Jh “kSokxe o

Kkus”oj* ;k xzaFkk}kjs dsysys vkgs- R;kaP;k ers ukFkiaFkh Kkus”oj gs dkf”ejh “kSok}Srh

vkgsr- vls fo-eks-dsGdj ;kaP;k fo:n~/kps er ekaMrkr- [kqisjdj ”kkL=haP;k ers]

122- dsGdj fo-eks-] Kkus”oj vkf.k 'kadjkpk;Z] çFkeko`Ùkh] egkjk’Vª 'kklu] çdk”ku foHkkx] 1977]

i`-Ø-186&209

123- isaMls “ka-nk-] Jh-Kkus”ojkaps rÙoKku] çFkeko`Ùkh] ds-fHk-<oGs çdk”ku] eaqcbZ] 1941] i`-Ø- 38

o 172

124- isaMls “ka-nk-] mDr] i`-Ø-350

125- Bhandarkar R.G., Saivism and Vaisnavism & Minor Religious Systems, IV,

Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona, 1913, Page No. 350

126- We find that Shankar’s conception of the ultimate reality is the same as that of the

pratyachijna. In fact he uses all the important technical expression in the same sense in

which they are used in the pratayachijha.

¼192½

dkf”ejh “kSok}Srkrwu ukFkiaFkh; rÙoKkukpk mxe >kyk- Kkus”ojkapk fo|+koa”k gk

ePNasnzukFk o xksj[kukFk ;kapk vkgs-

êgs”kkUo;laHkqrsaA fuo`fÙkukFklqrsaA

dsysa Kkunsosa xhrsa A ns”khdkj ys.ksA**

¼Kkus”ojh 18-1805½

vls Lor%p Kkus”oj lkaxrkr- miklusus oS’.ko i.k xq: ijaijsus “kSo vl.kkÚ;k

;k iaFkkl ukFk laçnk; gs uko vlY;kps [kwisjdj “kkL=h lkaxrkr- vkSnhP;k “kSo

laçnk; Eg.ktsp ukFk laçnk; vls R;kaps Li’V er vkgs- “kadjkpk;kZpk çHkko dkf”ejh

“kSo n”kZukoj iMyk vls Eg.k.;kis{kk “kadjrÙoKkukus ek;koknh txfUeF;kokn fuekZ.k

dsyk gksrk] R;kyk mÙkj ns.;klkBh o [kjk osnkar ok [kjs v}Sr n”kZu mHks

dj.;klkBhp dkf”ej ns”kkr “kkaHkok}Sr n”kZukph fufeZrh >kyh vls [kqisjdjkauk okVrs-

127 “kadjkpk;kZaP;k osnkarkl mís”kwup xksj{kukFkkauh ^ôsnkUrh cgqrdZddZjkefrxzLr% ija

ek;lka* vls fln~/kfln~/kkar i/nrh EgVys vkgs- JqrhP;k vk/kkjs “kSokpk;kZauh l`’Vhph

jpuk dsoG bZ’ojkP;k ØhMsrwu >kyh vlk fln~/kkar ekaMY;kps [kqisdjkauk okVrs-

Kkus”oj vkf.k R;kaps ukFkiaFkh; fln~/k “kadjkpk;kZP;k erkyk vuqljr ukghr vls Hkk-ia-

cfgjV ;kaukgh okVrs-128 Ekks{k dYiuk] L=h “kqnzkadMs ikg.;kph n`’Vh ;kpk fopkj djrk

“kkadjn”kZukis{kk ukFkiaFkh; Kkus”ojkaps rÙoKku cfgjV ;kauk osxGs o mPp çdkjps

okVrs- rdZrhFkZ y{e.k”kkL=h tks”kh ;kaukgh ukFk rÙoKkukoj “kadjkpk;kZaP;k rÙokis{kk

dkf”ejh “kSo n”kZukpk çHkko vlY;kps okVrs-129

xksfiukFk dfojkt] gtkjh çlkn

f}osnh] dY;k.kh efyd] ukxsanzukFk mik/;k; bR;knh mÙkj Hkkjrkrhy vH;kld]

ukFkiaFkkps rÙoKku] dkf”ejh “kSo n”kZuk”kh feGrstqGrs vlY;kpsp lkaxrkr] ukxsanzukFk

mik/;k; ;kauh rj Li’Vi.ks EgVys vkgs dh] ukFk ekxkZl dkgh vH;klw] fon~oku yksd

v}Sroknh ekurkr( ijarq “kadjkpk;kZP;k v}Sroknk”kh ukFk ekxhZ v}Sroknkph fHkUurk

127- <oGs fo-x-] ukFk laçnk; vkf.k Kkus”oj] Kkunsoksikld vkf.k daiuh] ukxiwj] 1969]

i`-Ø- 10

128- cfgjV Hkk-ia-] larok.khpk ve`rdy”k] ia<jiwj la”kks/ku eaMG] ia<jiwj 1955] i`-Ø- 48&54

129- uoHkkjr] vkWxLV 1976] eaqcbZ

¼193½

vkgs- dkf”ejh “kSok}Sr n”kZuk”kh gk v}Srokn iq’dGlk tqGrks- lkejL;]

“kDrh&dYiuk] ijef”ko] lxq.kf”ko] txrkps vfeF;ki.k] ije f”kokph bPNk”kDrh]

frpk fodkl] fiaM&cãkaMokn bR;knhaps fopkj o fln~/kkar v”kkp çdkjps vkgsr-**130

eRL;sanzukFkkdMwu Kku feGowu xksj[kukFkkauh ;k ukFk iaFkkpk çlkj Hkkjrke/;s

T;k osGh dsyk R;kosGh dkSy &dkikfydkaps ekxZ vfLrRokr gksrs- rlsp “kadjkpk;kZauh

çfrikfnysys ^v}Sr* rÙoKku gk rÙoKkukP;k {ks=krhy egÙoiw.kZ fopkj Li’V >kysyk

gksrk- xksj{kukFkkauh rkfÙodn`’V;k i.k tjk osxGsi.kkus ^}Srk}Sr foy{k.k* ;k ukok[kkyh

R;k rÙofopkjkaps çfriknu dsys vkgs-

ohj“kSo&fyaxk;r laçnk;

HkkjrkP;k /kkfeZd bfrgklkps ,d oSf“k’V; vls vkgs dh] Hkkjrkrhy /keZkpk o

laçnk;kpk mn; gk çfrdqy ifjLFkhrhr >kysyk vkgs- T;k T;k osGh lektkr vfu’B

:<h] ijaijk fuekZ.k gksrkr] R;k R;k osGh lektkyk ;skX; fn“kk nk[kfo.;klkBh uohu

/kekZpk fdaok laçnk;kpk mn; gksrks ;kps Toyar mnkgj.k Eg.kts e/;;qxkr mn;

>kysyk ôhj“kSo* vFkok ^fyaxk;r* laçnk;- ohj“kSo laçnk; ;krhy ^laçnk;* gk 'kCn

vf/kd vk“k;/ku vkgs- dkj.k ;k laKsrwu ikjekfFkZd vuqHkwrhpk lkBk vkf.k rks çkIr

d:u miHkksx.;kpk lk/kuekxZ gk çeq[k vk“k; O;Dr gksrksp] ijarq R;k cjkscj ;k

lk/kuekxkZps laj{k.k lao/kZu vkf.k ,dk fi<hrwu nqlÚ;k fi<hr J/nk] fo“okl] vkpkj]

rÙoKku] mikluk] LFkkus foHkqrh vkf.k fo“ks’k d:u nsorLo:i ;klg vf/kÑri.ks

gks.kkjs laØe.k vkf.k R;krwu vkdkjkl ;s.kkjh ,d fof“k’V ijaijk] ,o<k O;kid

vk“k;gh O;Dr gksrks-131

ohj“kSo laKsps Li’Vhdj.k

ôhj“kSo* fdaok ^fyaxk;r* ;k laKkaps osxosxG;k çdkjkauh Li’Vhdj.k dj.;kpk

ç;Ru vH;kldkauh dsysyk vkgs- R;kvk/kh vki.k ôhj* ;k 'kCnkps Lo:i tk.kwu ?ksowu

130- mik/;k; ukxssanzukFk ( xksj{kukFk] R;kaps thou] n”kZu vkf.k lk/kuk] ^veuLd;ksx*] ;kyk

tksMysyk ys[k] fln~/klkfgR; çdk”ku] iq.ks] 1968] i`-Ø- 40

131- eapj jRukdj ckiqjko] ohj”kSo laçnk;] çFke vko`Ùkh] MkW-ok-x-dY;k.kdj] xkSjo lferh]

çdk”ku] Jhjkeiqj] lIVsacj 1989] i`-Ø- 51-

¼194½

lk/kkj.kr% vfydMs ôhj* ;k 'kCnkpk vFkZ 'kwj] ;kSn~/kk vlk lkafxryk tkrks-

_Xosnke/;s ôhj* gk 'kCn 'kwj ;k vFkkZus vkysyk fnlrks- loZ lkekU;kaps nSor Êglksck*

gh ohjnsork vkgs-132

ohj“kSo fyaxk;rkae/khy ôhjHknz* nsork ohj;ks/nkps izfrfuf/kRo

djrs- ;k nsorsus ;K] vkgqrh ;k lkj[;k oSfnd deZdkMkauk fojks/k dsysyk vkgs- ôhj*

;k 'kCnkpk cGh“kh o jB~B ;k eqGfuoklh lektk“kh fuxMhr vlY;kus clos“ojkauh

ôhj“kSo* vls uko vkiY;k erçokgkyk ykoysys vlY;kps er MkW- uhjt lkGaq[ks

^nSR;cGh o dqaryns“k egkjk’Vª* ;k xzaFkkr ueqn djrkr-133

ôhj* gh laKk

loZlkekU;kaph fuxMhr vl.kkjh vkgs- f“kok; O;kikjh laLÑrhps çfrfuf/kRogh ;krwu

dsys tkrs- fyaxk;r 'kCn ohj“kSokapkp i;kZ;okpd vkgs- T;kP;k thoukpk mRRkjdky]

vFkkZr vuf“k’V] vk;qol vf/kdrj f“kofyaxkph iwtk] /;ku vknhae/;s O;rhr gksrs- rksp

fyaxk;r gks;-* vls MkW-panz“ks[kj f“kokpk;Z ;kaps Li’Vhdj.k vkgs- ^fyaxk;r gs

ohj“kSokagwu çkphu vkgsr- ohj“kSo gh laKk cloç.khr 'kSo vkanksyukr mn; ikoyh

vlkoh- fyax/kkjd 'kSo ijaijk vfrçkphu vkgs-* vls MkW-jk-fpa-<sjs ;kaps çfriknu vkgs-

'kadjkpk;Z] okpLirh] vkuanfxjh gs vkBO;k 'krdkrhy rÙoosÙks ohj“kSokapk mYYks[k

djhr ukghr- vxnh pkSnkO;k 'krdkrhy ek/kokpk;Z ;kaP;k loZn“kZu laxzg e/;s ik“kqir

o vkxe 'kSo ;kapk mYYks[k vlyk rjh ohj“kSokapk ukgh- R;keqGs 'kSokaP;k laçnk;kyk

ohj“kSo gh fof“k’V laKk uarj çkIr >kyh vlkoh- vls çk-jk-uk-nkaMsdjkauk okVrs-134

fl/nkUr f“k[kkef.k 5@5&16 e/;s js.kqdkpk;kZauh dsysys ohj“kSo 'kCnkps nk“kZfud

fuokZpu MkW-panz“ks[kj f“kokpk;Z ;kauh iq<hyçek.ks Li’V dsys vkgs- ^&&& xR;FkZd ôh*

/kkrwpk Kku vFkok fo|k vlk vFkZ gksrks- ^j* 'kCnkpk vFkZ je.ks vlk vkgs v“kk çdkjs

ftokP;k vHksnkpk cks/k dj.kkjh fo|k vkg s frP;kr je.kkjs f“koHkDrpa ohj“kSo

Eg.korkr-135

ohj“kSo e/khy ôhj* gk 'kCn tso<s dqrwgytud vkgs- brjkaP;k fo:n~/k

y<k;yk tso<s /kS;Z ykxrs R;k is{kk tkLr /kS;Z Lor% fo:n~/k y<k;yk ykxrs- ;k

132- lkGqa[ks uhjt ] nSR;cGh o daqryns”k egkjk’Vª] f}rh; vko`Ùkh] yksdk;r çdk”ku] lkrkjk]

vkWDVksacj 2007] i`-Ø-147 o 149-

133- lkaGq[ks uhjt ] nSR;cGh o daqryns”k egkjk’Vª] f}rh; vko`Ùkh] yksdk;r çdk”ku] lkrkjk]

vkWDVksacj 2007] i`-Ø- 151-

134- eapjdj jRukdj ckiqjko] ohj”kSo laçnk;] çFke vko`Ùkh] MkW-ok-x-dY;k.kdj] xkSjo lferh]

çdk”ku] Jhjkeiqj] lIVsacj 1989] i`-Ø- 212-

135- eapdjdj jRukdj ckiqjko] mDr] i`-Ø-213

¼195½

tkf.kosus tSukauh Lor%P;k oSjkX; miklusyk ohj mikluk ekuys vkf.k o/kZekukyk

egkohj EgVys- 'kSokauh ohj gk 'kCn rsFkwu mpyyk vkgs- vls çk-ujgj dq:andj

lqpforkr-136 ohj“kSo Eg.kts ^fyaxk;lkejL;kr jeek.k gks.kkjk ohj iq:’k Eg.kts ohj“kSo

v“kh ohj“kSo 'kCnkph O;k[;k vlyh rjh( fyax vkf.k vk;r ;kpk vFkZ vlk dh]

'kjhjkoj b’Vfyax /kkj.k dj.kkjk rk s fyaxk;r*] fo“ks’k vls dh] ohj“kSo ;k is{kk

fyaxk;r gk 'kCn cgqtu lektkr vf/kd :Gysyk vkgs vkf.k vFkkZP;k n`’Vhus rks

O;kid o vFkZiw.kZ vkgs- R;keqGs ohj“kSo vkf.k fyaxk;r gs nksUgh 'kCn ,dkp uk.;kP;k

nksu cktw lkj[ksp egRokps vkgsr-137

fln~/kkar f“k[kef.k xazFkkr ôhj* ;k 'kCnkpk vFkZ

Li’V djrkauk ôh* vFkkZr vHksn fo’k;d Kku o ^j* Eg.kts vls Kku ts tfur vkuan

vkgs- tj ;kl ;ksX; Bjoys rjh v“kh 'kCn mRiÙkh ohj u curk ^foj* vls gksbZy-

fo|k 'kCnkpk fo d“kk çdkjs nh?kZ oh gksrks- ;k laca/kh vFkZ ;k xazFkkr fnlr ukgh-138 ;k

fo’k;h MkW-nklxqIRk Hkkjrh; n“kZu dk bfrgkl ;k xzaFkkr Li’V djrkauk Eg.krkr] ^vr%

esjs fy, ;g Lohdkj djuk dfBu gS fd ;g 'kCn O;qRiRRkh fo’k;d O;k[;k ohj 'kCn

ds ohj“kSo esa ç;ksx dk leFkZu djrh gS- blds vfrfjDr osnkarh fopkj /kkjk dh vusd

i/nrh;kWa bl O;k[;k ds vuqlkj ohj dgyk ldrh gS- D;ksa fd vusd çdkj ds osnkURk

rknkRE; Kku ls lq[k RkFkk vkuan dk vuqHko djsaxs] vr^ ohj 'kCn dksbZ fo“ks’k fpUg

ugha gs] ftlls ge ohj 'kSoksa dks vU; /kekZa ds vuq;kf;a;ksa ls fofHkUUk dj lds- vusd

vxkekuq;k;h 'kSo Hkh thoksa dh ckg; vFkok f“ko ls vfHkUurk esa fo“okl djsaxs- lÙkk

es ;g çLrko dj.ks dk lkgl d:axk fd ohj“kSo vius er ds vuqeksnu esa

vkØe.kkREkd vFkok lqj{kk dh ohj ço`RRkh ds dkj.k ohj dgykrs Fks-139

ohj“kSokr

^bZjohj* tsow ?kkYk.;kph Qkj iqjkru ijaijk vkgs- fln~/kkar f“k[kkef.k ;k xzFkkr ohj

'kSokrhy ohj gk 'kCn fo|kokpd vlY;kps EgVys vkgs- ijarw ohj“kSokapk ôh* gk ÚgLo


çdk”ku] Jhjkeiqj] lIVsacj 1989] i`-Ø-213

137- eksxysokj lq/kkdj] ohj”kSo /keZ iaFk] bfrgkl o rRoKku] çFke vko`Ùkh] uVjkt çdk”ku]

flrkcMhZ ukxiqj] ,fçy 1976] i`-Ø-71-

138- fln~/kkaUr f”k[kke.khr ohj”kSo “kCnkph ehekalk iq<hy çek.ks dsysyh vkgs-

ôh* “kCnsuksP;rs fo|k f”kokth oSD; cksf/kdk rRlk jeUrs;s “kSok ohj”kSokLrq rs er* -

139- nklxqIr ,l-,u-] feJk fi- ¼vuqoknd½] Hkkjrh; n”kZu dk bfrgkl] çFke laLdj.k]

jktLFkku fganh xzaFk vdkneh] 1975] i`- Ø- 42-

¼196½

ulwu nh?kZ vkgs Eg.kwu ohj gk ^“kwj* ;k vFkkZus ?;kok ykxrks-140

laLÑr e/khy fo“ks’k

vFkZ çdkf“kdk e/;s ohj“kSo 'kCn oki:u R;k 'kCnkps vxnh ckfy“k i.ks Li’Vhdj.k

fnys vkgs- cgw/kk dUUkM fon~okaukuh ohj“kSo ;k 'kCnkps fnysys gs ifgys Li’Vhdj.k

gks;- R;kauh fyfgysY;k dUuM f“kok/ko“krdk e/;s t; clos“k HkDrtuHkkX; 'kqHkkS/k;

ohj“kSo fu.kZ; ijekorkj vls lkafxrY;keqGs R;k dkGkr ohj“kSo 'kCn clos“ojkalg

'kj.kkaP;k ukokauk tksMyk xsyk vlkok vls okVrs- ;k lanHkkZRk vk.k[kh ,d xzaFk Eg.kts

yDd.k naMs“k ;kapk dUUkM f“korÙofparke.kh gk gks;- ;k xazFkkrhy okrqyra= 1&15 ;k

Hkkxke/;s ohj“kSo gk 'kCn cÚ;kp osGk ;srks- dukZVdke/;s opudkjkuarj uOgs rj

gfjgj] jk|okad] dsjs;] inejl uarjP;k HkhedohdMwu ohj“kSo 'kCnkpk okij dj.;kpk

vf/kÑr vkf.k vUo;d ç;Ru xqCCkh eYYk..kk vkf.k xqCch eYYk.kkFkZ ;akuh dsyk- gs

foOnku dYYks] xqCCkh xqEEkGkiwj ;k gyxsnso ;kaP;k f“koxaxk ifjljkrhy vkgsr- ;k

ifjljkr fuekZ.k >kysY;k lksGkO;k 'krdkrhy dUuM lkfgR;kr gk 'kCn loZ=

okijysyk vkgs- ;k 'kCnkpk 'kh’kZdke/;s okij d:u jpysys ifgys dkO; Eg.kts

ohj“kSoke`r egkiqjk.k b-l- 1530 gs gks;- gs dkO; lksGkO;k 'kRkdkrhyp vkgs-141

Okhj“kSo vH;kld jRuIik dqaHkkj] lq/kkdj eksxysokj] f“kofyax f“kokpk;Z

vkfnyksd ôhj“kSo laçnk;kyk* laçnk; u Eg.krk rs ohj“kSo /keZ vls Eg.krkr-

eksxysokjkaP;k ers ohj“kSo gk ,d /keZ vkgs- ohj“kSo /kekZyk fyaxk;r /keZ vlsgh

Eg.krkr- fyaxk;r /kEkZ] fyaxkuqHko/keZ] fy axiFk /keZ b’V/keZ] taxe /keZ] 'kj.k /keZ] opu

/keZ] clo /keZ] f“kokuqHko /keZ] f“koiFk/keZ] f“kole; /keZ] f“kokpkj /keZ] f“ko;ksx /keZ]

f“ko/keZ v“kh ns[khy fofo/k ukos ;k /kekZlkBh mi;ksfxyh tkrkr- ;k çR;sd ukokyk

fof“k’V vFkZgh YkkHkysyk vkgs- ohj“kSo vkf.k fyaxk;r ;k nksu ukokauh gk /keZ lekt

vf/kd ifjfpr vkgs- MkW- ih-tW“k ;kauhgh ohj“kSo laçnk;kyk /kekZph miek fnysyh vkgs-

rs Eg.krkr] ^nf{k.k HkkjrkP;k e/;;qxkr >kysys iqj:RFkku gh nf{k.k HkkjrkP;k vkf.k

eq[;r% dukZVd o rsyx w çkarkrY;k laLÑrh rlsp /keZ fo’k;d bfrgklkrhy ,d

140- nso çHkkdj ¼laiknd½] dksjs cLojkt] ^xksnk[kksjs* bfrgkl vkf.k laLÑrh] çFke vko`Ùkh] çk-

fnudj dksjkUus] vkSjaxkckn] fMlsacj 2006] i`- Ø-151-

141- dycqxhZ ,e-,e-] ikVhy Mh-Vh-] jkeÑ’.k ejkBs ¼vuqoknd½] ohj”kSo lkfgR; vkf.k Hkwxksy]

çFke vko`Ùkh] fyaxk;r v/;;u vWdMeh] csGxkao] twyS 2005] çFke vko`Ùkh] i`- Ø-7- -

¼197½

vR;ar egÙokph ?kVuk gks;-ohj“kSo gs fyaxk;r Eg.kwugh vksG[kys tkrkr dh ts uko

vf/kd yksdfç; vkgs*-142

ohj”kSokaph Lora= xzaFk vlyh rjh rh “kSok”kh fuxMhr vkgsr- ohj”kSokaph eq[;

nsork gh ^f”kop* vkgs- clos”ojkauh vkiY;k opukr ekU; dsysys vkgs-143

rs vkiY;k

opukP;k “ksoVh ^dqMylaxe* ;k “kSo rhFkZLFkGkpk mYYks[k djrkr- çkphu lkfgR;ke/;s

ohj”kSokapk mYYks[k /keZ vlk dsysyk vk<Gr ukgh- vusd f”kykys[kkae/;s ohj”kSokapk

mYYks[k vk<Grks- i.k /keZ ;k LoIukrhy mYYks[k ek= vk<Gr ukgh- vkt cgqrka”kh

fon~okukauh “kSo iaFkkrhy ,dk laçnk; Eg.kwu ohj”kSokdMs ikgrkr- vk/kqfud dkGkr

vusd /kekZph ljfelG >kysyh fnlrs- ckSn~/k /kekZps laLFkkid xkSre cqn~/kkauk fganw

/kekZr fo’.kwpk ntkZ çkIr >kysyk vkgs- vusd tSu] egkohjkalkscr fo’.kw] “kadjkphgh

iwtk djrkr- ohj”kSo gk rj “kSo iaFkk”kh [kwip feGrktqGrk iaFk vkgs- vkt cgqrsd

ohj”kSo Lor%yk fgan w fyaxk;r vFkok ohj”kSo vlsp Eg.kwu ?ksrkr- fo|kihB vuqnku

vk;ksxkusgh fo|kihBh; vH;klØekr “kSo iaFkkrhy ,d laçnk; ohj”kSo fyaxk;r iaFkkpk

lekos”k dsysyk fnlrks-

^clos”ojkauh ohj”kSo laçnk;kph LFkkiuk dsyh*- ;k erkyk fHkUu Lo:ikps

,sfrgkfld iqjkos] okM~%e;hu mYYks[kkaph foQyrk] cqn~/khfu’Brk o rdZlaxrh ;kaps

HkDde vk/kkj vkgsr- fo”ks’k Eg.kts g s er vla[; Hkkjrh; rlsp vusd ik”pkR;

fopkjoarkuh fu%ladksp i.ks ekU; dsysys vkgs- f”kok; cgqtu lektkph ns[khy v”kh

/kkj.kk vkgs dh] ^clos”oj* gs ôhj”kSo fyaxk;r laçnk;k*ps laLFkkid gksrs- clos”ojkaph

vksG[k d:u nsrkuk ekrs egknsoh Eg.krkr] ^tueukr viwoZ tkx`rh mRiUu d:u

dsoG tUekusp dks.khgh mPp ukgh] fuPp ukgh; loZp tUer% leku vlwu O;fDrÙo]

uhrh o T;ksrh ;kaP;k çkIrhusp Js’B vkgsr- v”kk rÙokpk] çpkj d:u leLr ekuo

dksVhyk /keZ laLdkjkpk ykHk feGkok Eg.kwu ekuoh Lokra«;klkBh ft|hus y<wu

142- laiknd eaMG] ohj”kSo fo”odks”k] [kaM ifgyk] çFke vko`Ùkh] vf[ky Hkkjrh; ejkBh ohj”kSo

lkfgR; eaMG] ukxiwj] fMlsacj 07] i`’B Ø-7-

143- f”kofprs] f”koKku] Hkzes] frfGnoxYyns vkpkj] f”kokpkj] rerexs] lqjs;s\

dqMylaxensou iwftflnoaxYyns- ¼dUuM clo opu 656 & ekgs”ojLFky½

¼198½

ekuokyk euwt /kekZr o fo”o/kekZr ns.kkjs Økafriq:’k Eg.kts clos”oj*-144

clos”ojkauk

o`’kHk Eg.kts uanhpk vorkj] uanhds”oj] f}rh;] “kaHkw Eg.krkr] ;k ckcr çk- lk[kjs

;kauh vlk eq|k mifLFkr dsyk- ohj”kSo /kkfeZ; clokauk f}rh; “kaHkw Eg.krkr- rs tj

/keZ laLFkkid laçnk; laLFkkid ulrs rj R;kauk f}rh; “kaHkw Eg.k.;kph dk; xjt

gksrh\ fo”ks’k Eg.kts f}rh; “kaHkw Eg.kwu ,dkgh vkpk;Zkapk mYYks[k dssysyk ukgh- iq<s çk-

lk[kjs ;kauh ekjhrksaVnkpk;Z ;kaP;k ôhj”kSokuan* pafnzdk ;k xzaFkkrhy ,d mYYks[k

ueqU;knk[ky lkafxrysyk vkgs rks vlk]

ûuq ohj”kSoueçÑrk’Vkoj.;k iapkpj LFkkuSdkxzgn;

JhiRijes”ojjkuqKk =uanh”ojkijkorkj% Jh clos”oj*145

clos”ojkauk ô`’kHk* o ^clo* vlsgh Eg.krkr- ;k nksu ukokapk mYYks[k d:u

clos”ojkafo’k;h csa>kfeu okYdj ;akuh vls EgVys vkgs- fyaxk;rkP;k uO;k pGoGhps

laLFkkid ^clo* gksrs dh] ts ^clo* vFkok o`’kHkgh Eg.kwugh vksG[kys tkrkr- R;kauk

fOnrh; “kaHkwgh ekuys tkrs- clokauh r:.kiuhp miu;u gk fo/kh Li’Vi.ks ukdjyk

vkf.k uarjP;k dkGkr fyaxk;r laçnk;krhy vkjk/;kaP;k czkã.koknh deZdkaMkyk

lfØ; fojks/k dsyk- vk.k[kh ,d ikf”pekR; fopkjoar MkW-vkj-,u-lWysVsj ;akuh rj

ohj”kSo laçnk;kph LFkkiuk vkf.k R;kaps iqu:RFkku ;k nksUgh xks’Vhauk clos”ojkps ç;Ru

eqyr% dkj.khHkwr vlY;kpk fuokZGk fnyk vkgs- MkW-lWysVksj Eg.krkr] ^clos”oj gs

fyaxk;r iaFkkP;k laLFkkidkiSdh ,d gksrs- rs fcTTky jktkps iarç/kku gksrs- ohj”kSo

/kekZP;k iqu:/nkjkyk ns[khy e q[;r% clos”oj tckcnkj gksrs-* oSlkfeu okYdj ;kauh

MkW-lWysVksj ;kaP;k fopkjka”kh lgerh n”kZfoyh- MkW-vkj-lh- >huj gs ns[khy lger

gksrkr- ;k lanHkkZRk MkW->huj ;kauh vls ueqn dsys vkgs- ^fyaxk;rkP;k vFkok

ohj”kSokaP;k LFkkiuk clokauh dsyh- clokauh çFker% tkrh;rsyk çpaM fojks/k dsyk

vkf.k uarj R;kauh tkfrO;oLFkk r”khp eqfrZiqtk ukdjyh R;k uarjP;k dkGkr rj

144- egknsoh ekrs] fo”oxq: clo..kk] pkSFkh vko`Ùkh] ¼dUuM½ clo /keZihB] ¼fj-½ egkeus eBkeB]

dqMylaxe] 1993 ¼dUuM½ i`’B Ø- 1-

145- eksxysokj lq/kkdj] ohj”kSo /keZ iaFk] bfrgkl o rRoKku] çFke vko`Ùkh] uVjkt çdk”ku]

flrkcMhZ ukxiqj] ,fçy 1976] i`’B Ø-37

¼199½

R;kauh czkãe.koknh ço`Ùkhfo:/n caM iqdkjys*-146

,y-ch-HkksiVokj ohj”kSo laçnk;kP;k

laLFkkidÙokcíy Eg.krk] ^clo dk O;fDRkÙo lpeqp vlk/kkj.k Fkk- os Li’Vr% ml

le; ds cus O;fDr gS ftl le; mUgksus thou ;kiu fd;k] Hkze.k fd;k vkSj viuk

vfLrÙo cuk fy;k- mUgksus ohj”kSo er dh LFkkiuk dh*-147

ohj”kSo laçnk;kps ç[;kr

la”kks/kd MkW-,l-lh-uanheB] clos”ojkaps ohj”kSo laçnk;kP;k fufeZfrcíy er ekaMrkuk

Eg.krkr] ^fyaxk;rkr clos”ojkauk rsp LFkku vkgs- ts egEenkauk eqfLyeke/;s vkf.k

xq:ukudkauk f”k[kkae/;s vkgs-*148

MkW-vks-ih-flag ;kauh vls uewn dsys vkgs- ^^Hkkjrkr

ckjkO;k “krdkr fyaxk;r ukokph vk.k[kh ,d pGoG mn;kl vkyh gksrh- clo gs

fyaxk;r /kekZps laLFkkid gksrs- lkekftd o vkfFkZd n`f’Vdksukrwu gk dky[kaM vR;ar

egRokpk gksrk- dkj.k Hkkjrkrhy lkekftd o /kkfeZd {ks=kr ;k dkyko/khiklwu vusd

eqyHkwr ifjorZu ?kMw ykxyh-** ohj”kSo /kekZpk mRiRRkhdky e/;;qxkr 12 oh “kdrp

vlY;kpk fuokZGk nsrkauk vkpk;Z iaMhr cynso mik/;k; Eg.krkr] ^ôhj”kSo /kekZP;k

laLFkkidkaps ukao clos”oj gks;- 12 os “krd gkp ;k /kekZP;k mRiÙkhpk dky[kaM gks;-**

“kfDRkfcf”k’VOnSr gs ;k /kekZps rÙoKku vkgs- clos”ojkauh ohj”kSo /kekZph LakLFkkiuk

dsyh ;kyk vusd çdkjps iqjkos miyC/k vlY;kpk nkok ekrk egknsoh ;kauh dsyk

vkgs- ;k/kekZP;k çkphuÙokckcr R;k Eg.krkr] ^fyaxk;r /kekZph çkphurk 12 O;k

“krdki;Zarp ekxs tkrs- fyaxk;r /kekZph mRiRRkh vkf.k mUurh gh Hkxoku clokaps

thou vkf.k dk;Z ;kaP;k”kh fuxfMr vkgs- fu%la”k; Hkxoku clo gsp fyaxk;r /kekZps

laLFkkid gksr] ohj”kSo /kekZP;k dV ~Vj ,ds”ojoknkpk iqjLdkj clokauh dsyk dh tks

cgqnso mikld fganw /kekZyk vxnh uho gksrk-149

,p-,e- lnkf”ko¸;k ;kauh vls EgVys

vkgs] ^clos”oj vkf.k R;kaP;k lgdk;Zkauh dsysY;k tksjnkj çHkkoh o psruknk;h

dk;ZkeqGs R;akP;k dkGkr ohj”kSo /keZ foYk{k.k yksdfç; cuyk R;keqGs clos”ojkapk

146- eksxysokj lq/kkdj] ohj”kSo /keZ iaFk] bfrgkl o rRoKku] mDr] i`’B Ø-38-

147- eYyIik Vh-,u-] çHkk”kadj Vh-th- ¼vuqoknd½ clo n”kZu] çFke vko`Ùkh] clo lferh]

csaxyksj] 1983] i`’B Ø-131-


lkfgR; eaMG] ukxiwj] fMlsacj 07] i`’B Ø-39-

149- ikVhy Hkhejko] djtdj fot;dqekj ¼laiknd½] ;qx çorZd egkRek clos”oj] çFkeko`Ùkh]

czEgkth Hkhejko ikVhy] fd.kh] vgeniqj] ,fçy 2006] i`-Ø-423-

¼200½

laLFkkid Eg.kwu yksdkauh dsysyk mYYks[k gk fu”phrp vk”p;Zdkjd ukgh*- ,danj

ikgrk 12 O;k “krdkiwohZ ;k /kekZps Lo:i] oSf”k’V;] voLFkk] rÙoKku] dk; gksrs b-

vusd xks’Vhckcr i/nr”khj ekfgrh miyC/k ukgh- rlsp ojhy loZ vko”;d

xks’Vhckcr lektkps fdeku çcks/ku ns[khy uhVi.ks >kysys ukgh-

ohj”kSo /keZ] rÙoKku vkf.k lekt ;akph la?kVuk rlsp iquckZ/k.kh vfr”k;

leFkZi.ks çFker% clos”ojkauh dsyh- dkfgaa”kk e`rçk; voLFksrhy ohj”kSo /kekZyk ckjkO;k

“krdkr clos”ojkauh ,dk vFkkZus thonku fnysys vkgs- ;kp ik”oZHkwehoj vusd

fopkjoar] la”kks/kd] o cgqtu lekt clos”ojkauk ohj”kSo /kekZps laLFkkidRo nsrkr-

vFkkZr clos”ojkaP;k laLFkkidÙokdMs fo”kky n`’Vhdksukrwu ikg.;kph vko”;drk vkgs-

MkW-eYYksnso: ;kaP;k ers] ^xzkg; /kj.;klkj[;k lcG iqjkO;kavHkkoh ohj”kSo /kekZps

laLFkkid dks.k gs fuf”prhi.ks lakx.ks dBh.k vkgs- rjhi.k gh ?kVuk fla/n dj.;klkBh

vla[; iqjkos miyC/k vkgsr dh] 12 O;k “krdkr clokauh ohj”kSo rRoKku rlps /keZ

;ke/;s foy{k.k lq/kkj.kk ?kMowu vk.kY;k vkf.k ohj”kSo lektkyk l/;kps lqLo:i

feGowu fnys-150

egkRek clos”oj pfj= o dk;Z

egkRek clos”ojkaph ekfgrh vki.kla rÙdkyhu iqjkRkÙoh; o iqjkfHkys[khl

lk/kuka}kjs çkIr gskrs- e-clos”oj dY;k.khP;k pkyqD; jktoVhr iarç/kku ;k egÙokP;k

inkoj gksrs- ;k f”kok; dkgh dkG rs eaxGos<k ;sFkhy dypqjh “kkldkaP;k njckjkr

ukSdjh dsyh- ;keqGs dY;k.kh ifjljkrhy 12 O;k “krdkuarjph th dkagh f”kYkkys[k o

rkeziV miyC/k >kysyh vkgsr- ;k f”kykys[kkae/khy dkgh f”kykys[kkar clos”ojkacíyph

ekfgrh feGrs- ^vtZwuokM* f”kykys[kkr ekfnjktkaps f}rh; iq= vkf.k nsokjktkps /kkdVs

ca/kw Eg.kwu laxe clo ;kapk mYYks[k ;srks- laxe clo Eg.ktsp Jh clos”oj çHkw- Jh

clos”ojkaP;k çHkqfyaxfyys] flaxhjkt iqjk.k vknh pfj= xzaFkkr R;kaP;k ekrkfiR;kph ukos


lkfgR; eaMG] ukxiwj] fMlsacj 2007] i`-Ø-264] 266-

¼201½

êkfnjkt* vkf.k êknykafcdk* v”khp ;srkr- rsOgk vtZwuokM f”kykys[kkyhy laxe clo

Eg.ktsp Jh clos”oj çHkw vlsp fuf”pr gksrs-151

dukZVdkrhy ckxsokMh toGP;k

erxksGh [ksM;kr rkeziV feGkysyk vlwu R;kl clos”ojkapk mYYks[k vk<Grks- ;k

rkeziVkpk dky[kaM gk b-l- 1456 vlwu rkeziVkr clos”oj gk ohj”kSo erkpk çFke

vkpk;Z ^jso.kfl/n* uko vkf.k ^panhjkepk* eqyxk Eg.kwu mYYks[khysyk vkgs- ;k

rkeziVkr clos”ojkaps o.kZu lnxq.kh {kekf”ky] o lnkpkjh Eg.kwu dsys vkgs-152

;k

çeq[k f”kykys[k o rke ziVkr f”kok; gks;lG uìrh lkses”oj ;kaP;k jkT;dkGkrhy

Ñ’.kkuwj f”kykys[kkr b-l-1251 f”koHkDrkaP;k ekafn;kGhr clos”ojkaps ukao HkfDriwoZd

vkys vkgs- ;k f”kok; gks;lG uìfr ûjflag r`rh;* ;kaP;k fgfj;q: f”kykys[kkrgh

1258&59 b-l- R;kpk mYYks[k vkgsp- ;kno uìrh egknsojk; ;kaP;k jkT;dkGkrhy

pksMnkeiwj f”kykys[kkar b-l- 1262 clos”ojkapk mYYks[k vlwu R;kauk f”kokP;k uanhpk

o`’kHkkPk vorkj Eg.kys vkgs- ;kp xkoh ;kp dkGkryk nqljk f”kykys[k vkgs- R;krgh

clos”ojkaph Lrqrh vkyh vkgs- ;kno jkepanzn so ;kaP;k “kkludkGkrhy dYYksnsoiwj

;sFkhy ys[kkrgh Jh clos”ojkps uko ;rs- fotkiwj ftYg;krhy eqnnzfcgkG rkyqD;kr

xqMhfxjh uked xko vkgs- xqMfxjh vkf.k dqVksth ;k nksu xkokaP;k e/;s lhek

nk[kfo.kkjh f”kyk vkgs- gh f”kyk T;k tfeuhr jksoyh xsyh rh tehu laxeukFk

clojkt nso ;kaP;k ekydhph gksrh vls R;kojhy ys[kkr EgVys vkgs- gs “ksr Jh

clos”oj nsokaps vlkos- ys[k blukP;k pkSnkO;k “krdkrhy vkgs- lksjkaVWu ftYgk ;sFkhy

ys[kkr rj b-l- 1356 xCCkhuk;d uked vf/kdkÚ;kus clos”oj nsokps eanhj ckaa/kY;kpk

mYYks[k vkgs-153

Jherh “kkfyuh nkSMeuh ;akuh laiknhr dsysY;k egkekuo clo..kkauh

lexz opus ;k xzaFkkr clos”ojkapk mYYks[k vlysY;k f”kykys[kkaph ,d ;knhp çdkf”kr

dsysyh vkgs-154

151- laiknd eaMG] mDr] i`- Ø-54-


czãkth Hkhejko ikVhy] fd.kh] vgeniqj] ,fçy 2006] i`- Ø-233-

153- vH;adj oklqnso] HkDrhdks”k ¼[kaM r`rh;½] çFkeko`Ùkh] vkfnR; çfr’Bku] iq.ks] ekpZ 2001]

i`- Ø-1302-

154- 1- b-l- 1259 fgfy;qV f”kykys[k] ^clo¸;k*

2- b-l- 1260 vtZwuokM f”kykys[k clojkt] ^laxeclo*

3- b-l- 1263 pkSMnkuiqjps nksu f”kykys[k ^laxes”ku iq=] clo¸;k] clo¸;k] laxeclo¸;k*

¼202½

ojhy iqjkrÙoh; lk/kukaf”kok; rÙdkyhu iqjkfHkys[kh; lka/kuke/;sgh

clos”ojkaPkk mYYks[k vk<Grks- clo s”ojkaP;k ledkyhu vl.kkÚ;k dkgh dUuMh

opudkjkauh vkiY;k opukar clos”ojkapk mYYks[k djrkr-155

ojhy opukf”kok;

HkDrLFkGkojhy pkSF;k Hkkxkrgh clos”ojkacn~/kyph ekfgrh feGrs-

ojhy lk/kukao:u gs fln~/k gksrs dh egkRek clos”ojkapk mn; 12 O;k

“krdkrhy vlwu rs ,d ,sfrgkfld iq:’k vlwu R;kapk laca/k ohj”kSo laçnk;k”kh vkgs-

ohj”kSo laçnk;krhy vusd ?kVukacn~/ky fo}kukae/;s erHksn vkgsr- e-

clos”ojkae/;s erHksn vkgsr- osxosxGh ers ekaMyh vkgsr- e- clos”ojkapk tUe b-l-

1105] 1106] vkf.k 1131 ;k o’khZ >kY;kps osxosxG;k fOkOnkukauh lkaxhrys vkgsr- b-l-

1131 P;k oS”kk[k efg.;krhy v{k;r`rh;k gh MkW-xkslkoh ;kauh clos”ojkaPkh tUefrFkh

ekuyh vkgs-156 ekth dqyxw: MkW-vkj-lh- fgjseB ;kauh Jh clos”oj , ck;ksxzkQh xzaFkkr

e-clos”ojkapk tUe 1131 rj fyaxSD; 1167 b-l- vls uewn dsys vkgs-157

vkj-lh-

fgjseB ;kauh laiknu dsysY;k clo..kkuaco opuxG ;k xazFkkrhy ,dk opukr vls

ueqn dsys vkgs-158

4- b-l- 1279 dYYksnojiwj f”kykys[k] ^clojkt] laxuclo¸;k*

5- b-l- 1280 ejMhiwj f”kykys[k] ^laxuclo¸;k*

6- b-l- 1400 xqfMgkG f”kykys[k] ^clojktnso:*

7- b-l- 1660 vkuaniwj eBkpk rkeziV] ^clos”oj*

8- b-l- 1686 tksMhnk:u gGGhpk f”kykys[k] ^clojktsanz*

9- b-l- 1700 dkudkugG~hps nksu f”kykys[k ^clos”oj Lokeqyw] dY;k.kps cloIIkk*

155- djiwj fujgadkj&lqKkfu nsfo;j

^djiqjps fujgadkj lqKkuh nsohP;k iksVh tUe.kkÚ;kl çHkwnso Eg.kkos dk\

eafMxsP;k ekfnjkt&eknykafcdsP;k iksVh tUeej.kkÚ;kl clos”oj Eg.kkos dk\

vDDukxykafcdsP;k iksVh tUe.kkÚ;kl fln~/kjkes”oj Eg.kkos dk\

eksjfMP;k eq/kxkSaM&lqXxokP;k iksVh tUeukÚ;kl fln~/kjkes”oj Eg.kkos dk\

gs lxGs ,dV;keqGsp >kys ukgh- rqeP;keqGsp >kys- fpDd;k fç; fln~/kfyax ukagh ukgh

Eg.kw udk- ¼?kkVhokG¸;k 451 la-7½ & ikVhy Hkhejko] djtdj fot;dqekj ¼laiknd½]

;qxçorZd] egkRek clos”oj] çFkeko`Ùkh] czãkth Hkhejko ikVhy] fd.kh] vgeniwj] ,fçy]

2006] i`-Ø- 233] 234-

156- nkSMeuh “kkfyuh Jh”kSY;] egkekuo clo..kk aph lexz opus] çFke vko`Ùkh] Jh”kSY; lksefuax

nkSMeuh] vkWxLV 2007] i`’B Ø- 1-


çdk”ku] Jhjkeiqj] lIVsacj 1989] i`’B Ø- 227-

158- ^v¸;] HkDrhxs chMknqnq] dY;k.k eqoRRkk: o:’kkA

v¸;k] vuqHkoDDd] f”kolnu] oknqnq bIiRRksGq] o:”kA

v¸;k] fganhuaruqHko] fganhuars HkDrh bYYkk] ----dqaMylaxensok*A

¼203½

^^gs çHkw] dY;k.k NÙkhl o’kkZi;Zar HkDrhps dsanz gksrsA

gs çHkw] dY;k.k lRRkkohl o’kkZi;Zar vuqHko eaMikps dsanz gksrsA

gs çHkw vkt vuqHko vkgs uk HkDrhps dsanzs --- dqMylaxensokA**

clos”ojkaP;k ojhy opuk ao:u R;kapk ftfor dkyko/kh 36 o’kkZpk gksrk gs

mfpr okVr ukgh- 36 o’kZ dY;k.ke/;s clos”ojkapk fuokl gksrk-159

27 o’kZ vuqHko

eaMikps fuekZ.k o fouwru dk;Z pkyys gskrs rj o; 36 otk dk;Z 27 Eg.ktsp 09 o’kZ

f”kYYkd jkgrkr- vo?;k 09 o’kkZP;k cky o;kr vuqHko eaMikph LFkkiuk] Øakrhdkjh

dk;Z gks.ks v”kk vYiko/khr “kD; vkgs dk\160

;k ç”ukaps mRRkj MkW-ikaMwjax fHkelsujko

nslkbZ ;kaP;k ^clos”oj vWUM fgt VkbZEl* ;k xzaFkkr feGrs- nslkbZ ;kauh rÙdkyhu

iqjkfHkys[ky; o iqjkrÙoh; lk/kukapk vH;kl d:u R;kapk thou dkG fl/n dsysyk

vkg- R;kaP;k ers b-l- 1105 clos”ojkaps tUeo’kZ rj e`R;wo’kZ gs 1167 vkgs-161

clos”ojkaP;k ekrk fiR;kcíygh okn fnlrks- rÙdkyhu lkfgR;krgh erHksn

fnlrkr- ekfnjkt gs R;kaP;k fiR;kps ukao vkf.k eknkykafcdk gs R;kaP;k ekrssps ukao-

ekfnjkt gk “kSo czkge.k gksrk- rks ckaxsokMhpk ¼ckxydksV½ vf/kdkjh gksrk- iqjojk/kh”oj

vkf.k xzkedj.khd vls R;kyk lacks/kys tkbZ- gh fc:ns loZJs’B vf/kdkÚ;klp

pkyqD;jktkadMwu fnyh tkr- ek= ckxsokMhl vkf.k vklikl ts dksjho ys[k lkiMys

vkgsr- R;kr ekfnjktkpk mYYks[k vk<Gr ukgh- ef.kxoG~Ghrhy ,dk dksjho ys[kkr

êgkçHkw ekfnjktkapk* mYYks[k vk<Grks- ¼vtwZuokMk bfULØI”ku] b,y- OgkW- 5 uacj

9&31½ iajrw la”kks/kdkaP;k ers ;krhy ekfnjktkpk dkgh laca/k ukgh- ;k dksjho ys[kkr

clos”ojkapkgh mYYks[k vkgs- ef.kxoGGhP;k ;k dksjho ys[kkrhy clij;k gk

¼opu Øekad 162 iku Ø- 523½

159- Hiremath R.C., Shri.Basavesvara, A Commemoration Volume, 1st Edition,

Government of Mysore, Bangalore, 1967, Page No. 12


czEgkth Hkhejko ikVhy] fd.kh] vgeniqj] ,fçy 2006] i`’B Ø- 36-

161- Desai P.B., Basaveswara & His Times, 2nd Edition, Basav Samithi, Bangalore, 2006,

Page No. 184

162- Hiremath R.C., op.cit, 1967, Page No. 10.

¼204½

pkafnjktkpk vkf.k panzkafcdspk iq= gksrk- R;kaps xks= d';i gksrs vkf.k rks okth

oa”kkrhy gksrk-162

gfjgj ikydqVds lkseukFk doh Li’Vi.ks lkaxrkr dh] êkfnjkt vkf.k

eknykack* gsp clos”ojkaps tUenkrs ekrk fiRkk gksrs- vfr”k; fo”oklkgZ vlk vtwZuokMk

;sFkhy dksjho ys[k ekfjktkpk clojktkpk firk vlY;kps lkaxrks- ekfnjkt ruqtek

vlk R;kr R;kapk Li’V mYYks[k vkgs-163

MkW-ih-ch-nslkbZ vtqZuokMk f”kykys[kkapk

la”kks/kukvarh ekfnjkt gsp clojkt mQZ lax..k clok ;kps tUenkrs firk vlY;kps

“Basaveswara & His Times” ;k xzaFkkr lkafxrys vkgs-164

rs iq<s Eg.krkr]

ekfnjktkl ^nsojkt* o ^clojkt mQZ clok* vls nksu iq= gksrs- iq<s nslkbZ b-l-1260

P;k vtqZuokMk f”kykys[kkrhy lanHkkZuqlkj clos”ojkaps iwoZpfj= Li’V djrkr]165

eaxGos<;kps dypqjh gs ?kjk.ks dY;k.khaP;k pkyqD;kaP;k vf/kiR;k[kkyh jkT;

djhr gksrs- dypqjh jktkauh baxGs”oj ckxsaok.kh foHkkxkps iqjojkf/kdkjh in ckxsokMhP;k

ekfnjktkyk fnyys gksrs- iqjojkf/k”oj gk ifjljkrhy ckjk xkokapk çzeq[k vls ckxsokMh

;k fBdk.kh ,d f”koeanhj vkgs- ekfnjktkph iRuh eknykafcdk gh f”koHkDr b-l-1105

163- eksxysokj lq/kkdj] ohj”kSo /keZiaFk bfrgkl o rÙoKku] çFkeko`Ùkh] uVjkt çdk”ku]

lhrkcMhZ] ukxiwj] ,fçy 1976] i`-Ø-89-

164- Desai P.B., Basaveswara & His Times, 2nd Edition, Basav Samithi, Bangalore, 2006,

Page No. 149.

165- ‘The Inscription furnishes some more details about these personges. They are like this;

Madiraja, the earlist ancestor of the family, was the lord of the foremost town of

Bagavadi situated in the tract of Tardavadi. Bagavadi is modern Bagevadi and

Tardavadi roughly corresponds to the ared of modern Bijapur District. Basavaraja, an

eminent Personage of hallowed memory was known as sangana Basava on account of

his absorption in deep devotion to puratanas (ancient deveotees of siva), jangaas

(itendrant monks) and Linga (god siva in his symbolic form at kudala sangama) and

actions solely dedicated for communion with him Devaraja is described as Munipa,

lord of the ascetics. Kalidecarasa and wala Basavideva are instraduced with similar

epithets of spiritual signaificance. Kavaraja is called Jangama-parsua (fulfiller of the

wishes of the jangama devotees of siva) Hala Basavedeva was ardent follower of this

faith.’ - P.B.Desai, Basaveswara & His Times, 2nd Edition, Basav Samithi, Bangalore,

2006, Page No. 144.

¼205½

e/khy oS”kk[k “kq/n r`Ùkh;] jksfg.kh u{k=koj v{k; r`Ùkh;sP;k fno”kh eknykafcdsyk

eqyxk >kyk- uanhP;k Ñikçlkn Eg.kwu eqykps ukao ^clo* vls Bso.;kr vkys-166

vkiY;k dkjfdnZph lq:okr clos”ojkauh çFke fcTtykP;k dpsjhrwu lq:

dsys- R;kaP;k rhoz cqfn~/keÙksseqGs rs eaxGos<k ;sFkhy mPp vf/kdkjh çHkkfor >kys-

[kftunkj rFkk HkkaMkjh fl/njl gk rj Qkjp çHkkfor >kyk- R;kauk ?ksowu rks

fcTTkykdMs xsyk- iq<s ;k nks?kkapk ukrslaca/k ?kMwu vkyk- FkksM;kp fnolkr HkkaMkjh gs

fln~/kjkalkps Ikn R;kP;k i”pkr clos”ojkauk feGkys b-l- 1154 lkyh fcTTky gk

pkyqD; jktk frlÚ;k rSyipk egkçG/kku >kkyk- fcTTky gk ijef”koHkDr vlY;kps

rÙdkyhu lkfgR;kr vk<GRks- fcTTky gk ije f”koHkDr gksrk- R;keqGs R;kps

clos”ojka”kh ftOgkG;kaps laca/k vkys- R;akP;k vlkekU; O;fDreÙokeqGs fcTTky Hkkjkowu

xsyk- Eg.kwup rks dY;k.khyk egkç/kku Eg.kwu xsY;koj clos”ojkauk R;akuh HkkaMkjh

Eg.kwu cksykowu ?ksrys- clos”ojkauh HkakMkjh Eg.kwu dke dsY;kps mYYks[k R;kaP;k opukr

lkMiyk- cynsokP;k e`R;wuarj b-l- 1162 lkyh clos”oj fcTTkykps ea=h >kys-

eaxGos<k ;sFkhy clokapk eqDdke dqMylaxe vkf.k dY;k.kh ;sFkhy eqDdkekP;k rqyusus

vYi gksrk- ijarq R;k eqDdkekrp R;akuh fcTtykapk pkaxykp Lusg laiknu d:u

?ksryk-167

b-l- 1154 iklwu clos”ojkapk dY;k.k ;sFkhy okLrO; vusd ?kVukauh Hkjysyk

fnlwu ;srks- dqMylaxe ;sFks R;akuh ikfgysys LoIu vkrk çR;{kkr ;sow ?kkrys gksrs-

jkT;krhy vfHktukaoj vkf.k tulkekU;kaoj R;akPkk ijekfFkZd O;fDRkÙokpk] cqn~/kheÙksspk]

vkf.k dr`ZÙokpk foy{k.k çHkko iMyk gksrk- ,Ogkuk R;akuh ikjaikfjd f”koksiklusr

vusd b’V cny ?kMowu vk.kys gksrs- R;kaP;k HkDrh pGoGhdMs Hkkjrkrhy vusd Fkksj

f”koHkDr “kSoiaFkh; vkÑ’V >kys gksrs- R;akuh /keZ] iaFk] tkr] L=h] iq:’k bR;knh Hksn

ikjekfFkZd vkf.k lkekftd {ks=kr >qxk:u fnys vkf.k ek.klkyk ek.kqldhP;k]




Government of Mysore, Bangalore, 1967, Page No. 24 -

¼206½

fo”oca/kqRokP;k leku ikrGhoj vk.k.;kpk ;”kLoh ç;Ru dsyk- R;keqGs R;kaP;k ;k

dk;Zkl /kkfeZd vkf.k lkekftd n`’Vîk Økafrdkjd Lo:i çkIr >kys-

f”kokuqHko xks’Vh vk/;kfRed fo’k;kojhy th ppkZ dqMylaxeh vkf.k eaxGos<k

;sFks lkaf?kdfjR;k gskr vls] fryk egkeus ;sfFky vuqHkOk eaMikr uoiaFk çorZukps

Lo:i çkIr >kys- dY;k.kh ;sFkhy vuqHko eaVikr iaFkh; rROkKkukaph] lkekftd

/kkj.ksph eqyHkwr rÙos pfpZyh tkr gksrh- R;krwu R;kaph opus vkdkj.k ;sr gksrh- ;k

rÙofopkjkapk nqjoj çpkj vkf.k çlkj Ogkok Eg.kwu dk;Zokgh gksow ykxyh- vkrk

clos”oj dsoG ea=h Eg.kwu Fkksj jkfgys uOgrs- rj yksdekulkr R;kuh ,d uohu

/kkfeZd pGoG mHkh dj.kkjk usrk Eg.kwu Js’B LFkku çkIr d:u ?ksrys-168

egkRek cLkos”ojkaps dk;Z

clos”ojkaps /kkfeZd dk;Z

lektkr vkeqykxz ifjorZu ?kMowu vk.kko;kps vlsy rj cqjlVysY;k tqukV

lektkP;k /kkj.kspk ewG ik;k f[kGf[kGk dsyk ifgts- R;kf”kok; ufou fopkjkps

chtkjksi.k “kD; gksr ukgh- gs y{kkr vkY;koj e- clos”ojkauh oSfndkaP;k osn]

mifuf’kns] ;K”kkL=xazFk] vkj.;ds] Jqfr] Le`rh] iqjk.ks] lq=s ;kauh lefFkZysyh rkaf=drk]

deZdkaM] cGhçFkk] ;KladYiuk] >qxk:u fnys- clos”oj fo|ktZukP;k dkGkr

dqMylaxe ;sFks vlrkauk ojhy fo’k;kapk R;kauh pkaxyk vH;kl dsysyk gksrk-169

rkaf=drsyk fojks/k

clos”ojiqoZ dkGkr nf{k.k Hkkjrkr “kSo] oS’.ko] tSu o ckSn~/k] gs çeq[k /kEkZ iaFk

vfLrÙokr gksrs- R;krY;k R;kr pkyqD; jkT;kr tSu o “kSo laçnk;kpk cksyckyk gksrk-

ckSn~/k /kekZrhy vusd iaFk] miiaFk] lektkr vfLrÙokr gksrs- rkaf=drsps voMacj

lektkr eksB;k çek.kkr fnlwu ;srs- “kSo iaFkkrhy ik”kqir] dkykew[k] dkikfyd] v?kksj

168- eapj jRukdj ckiwjko] ohj”kSo laçnk;] MkW-ok-x-dY;k.kdj] xkSjo lferh çdk”ku] Jhjkeiwj]

lIVscj 1989] i`-Ø-99- -

169- eapj jRukdj ckiqjko] mDr] i`’B Ø-100

¼207½

;k lkj[kh rkaf=d iaFkkps vfLRkÙo lektkr eksB;k çek.kkr gksrs-170 v”kk vusd rkaf=d

iaFkh;kauk o /keZxq:uk jktkJ; feGkysyk gksrk-* rRdkyhu vusd f”kykys[kke/;s ;kpk

lanHkZ feGrks- clos”ojkauh mijksDr loZ v?kksjh ÑR;kaoj dMkMwu Vhdk dsysyh vkgs-171

clos”ojkauk rÙdkyhu lektkr /kekZP;k ukaok[kkyh dsY;k tk.kkÚ;k v?kksjh rikoj

vkiyh ukilarh O;Dr djrkr-172

ohj”kSo fyaxk;r laçnk;kr ekalHk{k.k fuf’k/n ekuysys vkgs- iq.;klkBh o nsoh

nSorkauk çlUu dj.;klkBh çk.;kph cGh fnyh tkrs dkgh dkgh çlaxh rj ujcGhpsgh

mYYks[k vk<Grkr- çk.kh cGh nsowu R;kaps ekal [kk.;kph çFkk rkaf=d iaFkkr fnlrs-

v”kh çFkk clos”ojkauk ekU; ukgh-173

tUEkkyk ;s.kkjk çR;sd tho e`R;wiko.kkjk vkgs gs txp u’Ve; vkgs- gs

lakxrkaukp rs v?kksjh o cGhçFkslkj[;k deZdkaMkauk fojks/k djrkar-174

iq<s rs ,dk

opukr osn o opukrhy v?kksjh rÙokauk fojks/k n”kZfoysyk vkgs-175

clos”ojkauh “kSo

rkaf=d iaFkkrhy lk/kqoj fVdk djrkr- gs lk/kw /kekZP;k ukaok[kkyh çk.;kaph cGh

170- esudqnGs v”kksd xaxk/kj] ckjkO;k “krdkrhy vk| lekt lq/kkjd% egkRek clos”oj] çFke

vko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj] Qsczqokjh 2003] i`’B Ø-56-

171- âavkslkM VsdMh xkokP;k okVsrA rGs foghjh Qqy>kMh >qMikr]AA

eksB;k o`{kkr xzkekP;k e/;Hkkxkr]A “kgjkP;k oss”khr eksB;k oVo`{kkr]AA

clowuh ?kjh]nqHkR;k xqjkaph vkVforh/kkj]AA vusd xfHkZ.kh] ckGarh.k] dqekjhl NGwu]AA

dfjrh Hk;Hkhr vkiys iksj Hkj.;kçr]A ekj;k ] fcj;k] [kspj xkfoy varj csarj]AA

dkG;k] ekG;k] dsr¸;kfn]A “kr eMD;kP;k u ykxrh unh*AA

¼clo opu 557] ekgs”oj LFky½

172- êjsy dk; lki] ok:Gkyk ekjY;kl gks]! v?kksj ri d:ugh dk; feGs [kkl]

varjax o vkRe”kq/nhfouk dSlk gksbZ fo”okl gks] dqMylaxensokl\*172

¼egkRek clos”oj opu Ø-118 HkDrkps KkuhLFky½

173- ^nsg lq[kklkBh e|&ekal [kkrkr] u;ulq[kklkBh ijL=hoj utj Bsorkr]

fyaxiFkkoj u pky.kkÚ;kauh fyax/kkj.kk d:u dk; mi;ksx\

taxekauh nks’kh Bjfoys rj e`R;wiklwu lqVdk gks.kkj ukgh dqMylaxensok*-

¼e-clos”oj opu Ø-106] rkeluhjluLFky½

^>kMkP;k <ksyhr jkg.kkÚ;k {kqnz nsokyk cdjhpk cGh nsowu ukprkr]

cdjh e:u f”kokpk dksi nqj dj.kkj vkgksr\ cdjh udks] dksd: udks]

QDr csyi= vk.kwu u foljrk iwtk dj] vkeP;k dqMylaxensokph-

¼opu Ø-560] egs”oj LFky½

174- ûol QsMhlkBh l.kkyk vk.kysyk cdkjk rksj.kkph ikus [kkÅ ykxyk]

;s.kkÚ;k e`R;wph R;kyk tk.k ukgh iksVkP;k Hkqdsph R;kyk fpark ukgh]

tls tUeys rlsp esys R;kyk ekj.kkjs okp.kkj vkgsr dqMylaxensok\*a

¼clo opu Ø-129]egs”oj LFky½

175- ^çR;sd “kCnkyk ek:u Vkdrkr rqyk vjs cksdMk jM js ckck!

osn okp.kkÚ;kleksj jM js ckck! rs rq>k jM.;kpk ;ksX; cnyk ?ksrhy dqMylaxenso*

¼clo opu Ø- 573] egs”oj LFky½

¼208½

ryokjhus nsrkr- R;kp s çlkn Eg.kwu ekal [kkrkr e| çk”ku djrkr- v”kkauk clos”oj

<ksaxh Eg.krkr-176

clo dkGkr lektkr loZlkekU; yksd vusd nsohnsorkaph iqtk djhr

vusd&uo ufou nsoh nsorkapk mn; rÙdkyhu lektkr >kysyk gksrk- ,dkp

dqVqackrhy osxosxG;k lnL;kaph osxosxGh nSors vlr- v”kk nSorkauk çlUu d:u

?ks.;klkBh çk.kh gR;k] ekal] efnjk Hk{k.k] dkeØhMk v”kk v?kksjh çFkkapk okij cgqtu

lekt djh- clos”ojkauk eukseu okVs dh] lektkus v”kk v?kksjh dekZpk R;kx

djkok-177

v”kk çdkjs egkRek clos”ojkauh rÙdkyhu vusd vuSfrd /kkfeZd :<h]

ijaijkaoj Vhdk dsyh vkgs- 12 O;k “krdkpk o R;k vxksnjpk dkG gk /kekZP;k n`’Vhus

va/kdkje; gksrk- lektkr loZ= /kkfeZdsrP;k ukaokoj v?kksjh çFkk fuekZ.k >kY;k-

loZlkekU; lekt ;kr HkjMyk tkow ykxyk- v”kk ;k rÙdkyhu lektkP;k /kekZyk

ufou o lekt mi;ksxha :i ns.;kps dk;Z clos”ojkauh dsys-

clos”ojkaph nso fo’k;d ifjdYiuk

clos”ojkauh nso fo’k;d dYiuk rÙdkyhu lektkus ekuysY;k nso ;k

dYiusis{kk osxGh gksrh- clos”ojkaPkk nso nxM ekrhryk uOgrk] fo”o:ih gksrk-

dqMylaxe fuoklh vlrkauk vusd v/;kfRed xzaFkkpk R;akuh l[kksy vH;kl dsyk-

;k:u R;kph nso fo’k;d dYiuk Li’V gksrs- clos”ojkapk nso fo”oaHkj vlwu rks loZ=

iljysyk vkgs- rlsp rks vkiY;k “kjhjkrhy eu] Hkko o çk.k ;kauk vk/kkjHkqr vlk

ftokRek gksÅu jkfgyk vkgs- fo”okRek vXuh] rj thokRek fB.kxh gks;- Eg.kts

176- âMkO;k gkrkr ryokj] mtO;k gkrkr ekal] rksaMkr lqjkik=] xG;kr f”kofyax vlsy rj

R;kyk fyax Eg.krks] laxensok Eg.krks] dqaMYklaxensok] R;kauk eq[kfyaxh ekurks*

¼cloopu Ø- 720] ekgs”ojkps HkDrLFky½

177- îrh f”kofyax nsokpk HkDr] iRuh efj el.khph HkDr] irh iknksnd çlkn lsorks]

iRuh lqjk] ekal lsorh]

“kq/n euksHkkokfouk HkDrh Eg.kts efnjkik= ckgs:u /kqRkY;kçek.ks gksbZy dqaMylaxensok*

¼clo opu]104 rkelfujluLFky½

¼209½

fo”okRE;kpk ,d va”k Eg.kts thokRek gks;- R;kf”kok; nksgksae/;s dkgh Qjd ukgh-

vk.koey] ek;key] o dkfEkZdey ;k ey;=;kauh gk va”k vko`Ùk gksowu thokRek gksrks-

nso fujkdkj ¼fuxwZ.k½ o lkdkj ¼lxq.k½ ;k nksUgh :ikr vlwu nksUgh ,dp

gksr fujkdkj ijekRE;kph lkdkj vfHkO;Drh Eg.kts fo”o gks;- R;keqGs “kk”or o

v”kk”or gk ç”u mn~Hkor ukgh- nso ,d vlwu R;kyk osxosxGh ukos fnyh xsyh- ;koj

clos”oj Eg.krkr- nso ,d] ukaos vusd] Eg.kwu R;akuh ,dnsoksikluspk fl/nkar ekaMwu

,dkp nsokph mikluk djk;yk lkafxryh vkgs- b’VfyaxkP;k :ikus nsokph mikluk

djkoh Eg.kwu R;kauh mins”k dsyk vkgs-178 Eg.kwu vusd nsokph mikluk] eqfrZiqtk R;kuh

fuf”k/n ekuyh vkgs- nsokph mikluk b’VfyaxkP;k :ikusp djkoh] vU; :ike/;s udks

vlsgh rs Eg.krkr-179

,ds”ojoknkps leFkZu o cgqnsooknkaoj Vhdk

Okhj”kSo gk eqyRk% ,ds”ojh /keZ iaFk vkgs- ohj”kSo /keZ”kkL=kuqlkj clos”oj gs

,ds”ojoknh gksrs- bZ”ojoknh ;kpk vFkZ ekuoh thou vkf.k fulxZ ;kaps fu;a=.k

dj.kkjh ,[kknh nSoh “kDrh ¼Divine Power½ eku.ks gks;- clos”oj gs ,ds”ojoknkps

leFkZd gksrs- clos”oj gs dsoG f”koksikld gskrs- f”kokP;k fo”oukFk] tXkUUkkFk]

vkfnukFk] i`FohukFk] i`Fohirh bR;knh fo”ookpd ukokao:u ns[khy ;kaph çfprh ;srs-

rs ,ds”ojoknkps leFkZu djrkr-180 rs fganw /kekZrhy vusd nsoh nSorkaP;k vkjk/kuk

178- ^txHkfjr] vkdk”kkO;kih] R;k iyhdMs rqepk foLrkj]

ikrkGkiyhdMs rqeps ifo= pj.k]

czgaekaMkiyhdMs rqepk eqdqV

vxE;] vxkspj] vçfre] fyaxk] dqMylaxensok]

ekÖ;k rGgkrkoj rqEgh boysls >kyk vkgkr*]A

179- nkSMeuh “kkfyuh Jh”kSY;] egkekuo clo..kk aph lexz opus] çFke vko`Ùkh] Jh”kSY; lksefuax

nkSMeuh] vkWxLV 2007] i`’B Ø-14-

180- ^:nz gk fo”okis{kkgh Js’B] vls lakxrkr “kkL=s

fo”o:ih fo”os”ojk djrks vkEgh oanu f=okj]

t;s vlks vkfnrÙokpk] t; vlks fo”okP;k eqyL=ksrkpk]

fot; vlks loZJs’B f”korRokpk] gs dqMylaxensok*-

¼210½

dj.kkÚ;k cgwtu lektkoj fVdk djrkr-181

txkrhy ckSn~/k] bLyke] f[kz”pu] ikj”kh] vls dkgh /keZ ,ds”ojoknh /keZ

Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrkr- clos”ojkauh ,ds”ojokn ekU; dsyk vkgs- clos”ojkauk ^f”ko*

gh ,d nsork fo”o:irh vlY;kps Hkklrs- ;k f”ko nsorsf”kok; brjkaps vfLRkÙo

clos”oj ^”kwU;* ekurkr-182

fganw /kekZr ltho o futhZo çfrds nSors Eg.kwu iqtyh

tkrkr- v“kk çfrdkaph la[;k gtkjks vkgs- çk.kh] nso] i{kh nso] o`{k nso] vfXu nso]

ok;qnso] o:.knso] lw;Znso] panznso] nxMnso] vewd oLrw nso] reqd oLrw nso eku.;kph

ladYiuk clos“ojkauh ukdkjyh vkgs- oS;fDrd] dkSVqafcd o lkekftd thoukyk

mi;ksxh iM.kkÚ;k xks’Vhauk clos“ojkauh ns[khy egÙo fnys vkgs- rFkkfi mi;qDr

Bj.kkÚ;k loZp xks’Vhauk nso eku.ks vkf.k R;koj J/nk Bsowu dkgh fo/khorZu dj.ks

R;kauh pwdhps o folaxr ekuysys vkgs- ltho] futhZo xks’Vhauk nsonsork ekuwu R;kaph

çkFkZuk] mikluk] dj.;kP;k ço`RRkh o i/nrhrwu cÚ;kp va/kJ/nk :< >kY;k-183

vusd

nsonsorkaph mikluk gh vko“;d r“khp fujFkZd vlY;kps clos“ojkauh EgVys vkgs-184

gkse] gou] ;K;kx] vfXuiqtk] fuf’kn~/k

cloiwoZ dkGkr o clo dkGkr lektkr czkã.k /kkfEkZ;kadMwu ¼ofj’B

tkrhdMwu½ gkse gou] ;K;kx] vfXuiwtk] vknh fØ;kdeZ] /kekZP;k ukaokoj dsyh tkr

vlr- ;k in~/krh [kfpZd gksR;k- f“kok; lektkrhy vLi`“;kauk ;kr lgHkkxh gks.;kl

fuf’kn~/k ekuys tkbZ-

181- eh fo’.kqyk ekuw dk Js’B\ i.k] rks rj oSrkxyk ngk vorkjkar]

eh czgekyk ekuw dk i;kZ;\ i.k] R;kyk rj ,d rksaM xeokos ykxys-

eh osnakuk ekuw dk loksZPp\ i.k ] R;kauk rj çk.khgR;sph vkl

eh „kL=kauk ekuw dk mRRke\ i.k] rh rj vfrikYgkfGd]

eh iqjk.kauk rjh ekuw dk----\ i.k] rh rj iqoZTkUe dekZr xqjQVyhr

,dVkp rq Lo;aHkw] ,dVkp rq ifjiq.kZ ijes“oj rqyk up i;kZ; gs dqMylaxenso*-

182- ^nso vls ,dph ,d] Rk;k ukos tjh vusd iej ifrozrsps fpRr] dsoG ifrBk;h vls jr

dk; Eg.kw r;kauk\ vkpkjrh ts O;FkZ cgqnso mikluk] ukuk nSor iqtrh lk/kd] gksbZy

thou r;kaps fujFkZd- rw rj ,dp bZ“oj] gs dqMylaxes“oj*

183- êMds nso] lqi nso] vu~ jLR;kcktwpk nxM gh nso]-------

gk nso vu~ rks nso Eg.kr Eg.kr ikÅy Bso.;klkBhgh ukgh Bsoyh tkxk]

Eg.kkos dk; lkÚ;kauk nso\ igk ca/kwuks] nso rj ,dp ,d] dqaMylaxenso*]

184- ^ckacwph rh pkowu ikus jlksRifr up gksbZ R;kus O;FkZ pkoquh pkoquh ne.ks-

?kqlGquh ?kqLkGquh ik.kh jfous] yks.kh d/kh dk feGsy R;kus\ O;FkZ ?kqlGwuh gkr nk[kfo.ks-

oGquh oGquh okGw do.ks nksj xqafQyk dk; lkax.ks\ mxkp lkjs okVs Je.ks-

dqMynsolaxe nsok fojfgr vU; nsokr Hktuk up fgr dqjrk HkqldV nq[krh gkr

gs dqMylaxeukFk*-

¼211½

clos“ojkauk vls deZdkaM ekU; UkOgrs- clos“ojkauh oSfndkaP;k ;KlaLFkk]

ikSjksfgR;] ;kfKdtu] LekrZ] vfXugks=] ;kaP;koj lMdwu Vhdk dsyh vkgs- czkã.k

iqjksfgrkaps 'kks’k.k dk;Z] ;Kkrhy viO;;] lksoGÓkpk vfrjsd] ckg; deZdkaM]

nq’Vkpj.k] ;krwu fuekZ.k >ky syh ekufld xqykefxjh ;kauk clos“ojkauh Vhdkfo’k;

cuoys-185

v“kk çdkjs clos“ojkauh /keZkP;k ukaokus dsY;k tk.kkÚ;k çFkk lektkrwu nwj

lkj.;kpk ç;Ru dsysyk fnlrks-

ea= rhFkZLukauk fojks/k

vktP;k lkj[ksp clo o cloiwoZdkaGkrgh lektkr /kkfeZd Js’BhadMwu ea=

ra=kpk okij dsyk tkr vls- ;kf“kok; rhFkZ;k=k o rhFkZLuku dsY;kus iki /kqowu tkrs

o iq.; feGrs v“kh lektkr /kkj.kk gksrh- clos“ojkauh v“kk xks’Vhauk fojks/k dsysyk

vkgs-

iqjksfgr oxkZus osxosxG;k çdkjP;k iqjk.kxzaFkkrhy ea=kpk ek;ktkG mHks d:u

va/kJ/nkauk [krik.kh ?kkrys vkgs- clos“ojkaP;k ers eukP;k ,dkxzrslkBh ^vkse ue%

f“kok;* gk ,dp f“koea= iqjslk vkgs- bZ“ojklaca/khph fu’Bk tksikl.;klkBh oSfnd

ea=kuka vukBk;h egÙo ns.;kr dkagh ç;kstu ulY;kpsgh Li’V dsys vkgs- f“koea=kps

egÙo Li’V dsys vkgs-186

rhFkZ{ks=kaP;k u|kae/;s Luku dsys rj vkiys loZ jksx o iki

deh gksowu iq.;lap; gksrks- v”khgh ,d Lukukfo’k;hph letwr Hkkjrh; tuekulkr

:< >kysyh vkgs- dqaHkesGk] egkf”kojk=h] ,dnkf”k] ioZdky] ;k=k] egk;k=k] rlsp

lw;Zxzg.k] panzxzg.k] ;klkj[;k fno”kh rj rhFkZLukukyk fo”ks’k egÙo fnys tkrs-

xaxkunhr iqUk% Mqcdh ek:u Luku dj.kkÚ;k yksdkaeqGs xaxklq/nk v{kj”k% eSyh >kY;kps

185- ^vXuhnsokyk goh ns.kkÚ;k czkge.kkaP;k ?kjkyk] vkx ykoY;koj dk; djrkr\

uSoS|] cGh] lfe/kk oxSjs Vkdhr ukghr] ex eksjhps ?kk.ksjMs ik.khgh pkyrs

fdaok jLR;kojph ekrh /kwGgh pkyrs gs nqVIih okx.ks UkOgs dk;\*

186- ^vkse ue% f“kok; eak=kyk ?kkcjys vu~ fVdwgh u 'kdys] osnea=

vkse ue% f“kok;] ea=kyk ?kkcjys vu~ rksdMs iMys] “kkL=] ea=

^vkse ue% f”kok;^ ea=kyk ?kkcjys] vu~ Hkzekrgh iMys] ea=&ra=

f”koea=] efgek ts u tk.krh thou R;kaps O;FkZ Bjrh]

gs dqMylaxes”oj*

¼212½

vkt mÙkj Hkkjrkrhy xaxk ;equslg brj u|kadMs ikfgY;koj tk.kors- vkt u|kaP;k

LoPNrslkBh yk[kks :i;s [kpZ djkos ykxr vkgsr vlk vuqHko fBdfBdk.kh ;srks-

rhFkZLuku d:u ,d osG “kjhj LoPN gksbZy i.k R;kiklwu iq.;çkIrh gksbZy] gh

letwr [kskVh] pwdhph o fujk/kkj vlY;kps clos”ojkauh lakfxrys vkgs- iq.;ykHkkP;k

vfHkyk”kkus u|kae/;s Luku dj.kkjs vkf.k o`{kkauk Qsjs ekj.kkjs nsokyk [kÚ;k vFkkZus

vksG[kw “kdr ukghr- vlsgh R;kauh EgVys vkgs-187

clos”ojkaph LoxZ&ujd fo’k;d ladYiuk

fganw /kekZr LoxZ] ujd] v”kk Hkzked letwrh eksB;k çek.kkr fnlwu ;srkr-

tfeuhrwu oj vkysyk tho tfeuhr xk<yk tk.kkjk vlrks ;kph tk.kho O;Drhyk

ulrs- O;Drh 84 ;ksuhph dYiuk d:u thou txr vlrks i.k v”kk Hkzked xks’Vhaoj

“kkL=h; n`f’Vdksukrwu fopkj u djrk nSoh ;ksx] u”khc v”kk xks’VhP;k rks vkJ;LFkkuh

tkrks- O;Drhyk LoxkZps vkd’kZ.k okVrs- vkd’kZ.k okV.ks gk ekuoh LoHkko] R;k iksVh

iqjk.kkrhy xks’Vh lR; ekuwu rls orZu dj.;kpk ç;Ru djrks- O;Drhyk ujd udks

okVrs dkj.k R;kyk frFks =kl okVRkks d’V djkos ykxrs vls vkpkj clos”ojkauk ekU;

ukghr- eks{k] LoxZ] ujd] nsoyksd] e`R;wyksd] iq.;] iki] nSo] deZ] ;klkj[;k xks’VhdMs

J/nkoknh] vuqHkooknh] çR;{koknh] n`f’Vdksukrwu ikg.;kpk vkxzg clos”ojkauh /kjyk-

nso bFks vu nkuogh bFksp- iq.; vu~ ikigh bFksp- vkuan bFks vu nq%[kgh bFksp-

“kkckldh bFks vu f”k{kkgh bFksp-LoxZ bFks vu ujdgh bFksp- ;kp tUeh o ;kp nsgh

;sr vlrks- rsaOgk lq[k:ih LoxkZP;k ykHkklkBh vkf.k nq%[k:ih ujdkP;k R;kxklkBh

clos”ojkauh “kq/n HkDrh] uhrh o drZO;iwrhZPkk ekxZ lkafxryk vkgs- R;kauh çfriknu

dsY;kçek.ks ^dk;dos dSYkkl* vFkkZr ç;Ru gkp ijes”oj gks;- çkef.kd ç;RukaeqGs

187- û|kaarhy ty ikgwu yksd cqMh ekjrkr] vu~ o`{k ikgwu Qsjs ?kkyrkr]

ty vkVr vlrs vu~ o`{k oBr vlrs

vkV.kkÚ;k tykoj vu~ oB.kkÚ;k o`{kkoj

J/nk Bsowu tx.kkjs rqyk dls tk.kw “kdrhy\

gs dqMyalxes”ojk*A ¼esudqnGs v”kksd xaxk/kj] ckjkO;k “krdkrhy vk| lektlq/kkjd %

egkRek clos”oj] çFkeko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj] Qsczqokjh 2003] i`-Ø-63½

¼213½

vkf.k drZO;iwrhZlkBh loZ fln~/kh ykHkrsp] v”kh okLrooknh Jn~/kkRed fo”oklkph

f”kdo.k clos”ojakuh fnyssyh vkgs-188

xq:] fyax] taxe] fo’k; clos”ojkaps fopkj

tsFkss xq: Eg.kt s /kkfeZd fdaok vk/;kfRed ekxZn”kZd gks;- rks f”ko;ke/khy

vk.koey] ek;key o dkfeZdey fuok:u R;kaP;k eLrdke/khy lgL=nydey

pØe/khy tho pSrU;:i fpRdyk f”k’;kP;k gkrkrhy b’Vfyaxke/;s çfr’Bkfir d:u

gs b’Vfyax çk.kLo:i vlwu rs lnk vaxkoj /kkj.k d:u R;kph mikluk dj vlk

mins”k djrks-

b’Vfyax Eg.kts ewrhZ ulwu rks fujkdkj nsokps lkdj Lo:ikrhy çfrd gks;-

vkRen”kZukps rs niZ.k ¼vkjlk½ gks;- psgjk ikg.;klkBh vkjlk ,d lk/ku vkgs-

vkjlkp loZLo uOgs- R;kçek.ks Lo:ikP;k n”kZuklkBh b’Vfyax ,d lk/ku gks;- Eg.kwu

R;kps egÙo deh gksr ukgh- clos”ojkaP;k n`’Vhus lk/;] lk/ku o lk/kd gh f=iwjh

lkj[khp egÙokph vkgs- R;kr deh tkLr vlk HksnHkko ukgh- Eg.kwup xka/khthauh

ns[khy lk/ku “kqfprsps EkgRo çfriknys gksrs- R;k n`’Vhus b’Vfyax lk/ku vlys rjh

lk/;gh rsp vkgs-Eg.kwu lnk loZnk rs vaxkoj /kkj.k d:u fu;feRki.ks R;kph mikluk

dsyh ikfgts-

taxe gh ,d mPp ntkZph vk/;kfRed fLFkrh vlwu rh ,d tkr vkgs-

lk/kusP;k cGkoj taxeÙo çkIr gksrs- taxe xq:pkgh ^xq:* vlwu b’Vfyaxke/;s ;FkkFkZ

Lo:i nk[kowu nsrks- R;k n`’Vhus b’Vfyaxkpkgh rks xq: Bjrks- Eg.kwu fyaxk;rke/;s

taxekyk vR;ar Js’B LFkku ns.;kr vkys vkgs- xq:pk] fyax] HkDr o lekt ;k lokZauk

taxe ekxZn”kZu djrks- R;kaP;k “kadkps fuokj.k djrks vkf.k R;kaP;k vMp.khaoj mik;

lkaxrks- Eg.kwu taxe lkÚ;k lektkpk ekuotkrhpk xq:] ekxZn”kZd o Hkolkxjkrwu

188- ^nsoykssd vkf.k e`R;wyksd] fHkUu UkOgs] rs nksUgh ,d-

lR; cksy.ksp nsoyksd] feF;k] cksy.ksp e`R;wyksd

^vgks* Eg.ktsp LoxZ] ^vjs* Eg.k.ksp ujd-

LoxZ bFks vu ujdgh bFksp-

;kyk rqp lk{khnkj gs dqMylaxes”oj*- ¼?kqxjs lq;Zdkar] ohj”kSo o brj /keZ vkf.k lekt]

çFkeko`Ùkh] lk/kuk cqd LVkWy] xMfgaXyt] dksYgkiwj] 1999] i`-Ø-27½

¼214½

Rkk:u us.kkjk ukokMh gks;- rks Hkojksxkpk oS| “kY;fo”kkjn gsk;- rks pkyrk cksyrk

ftoar nso gks;- Eg.k wu clos”ojkauk taxe çk.kh Eg.krkr- R;kauk taxe vkiY;k

çk.kkis{kk fç; okVrks-189

clos”ojkauh vxnh ljG Hkk’ksr] vxnh lksI;k ekxkZus o

“kL=”kq/n jhrhus nsokph dYiuk d:u fnyh- lqekjs 900 o’kkZuarj ns[khy R;kps /kkfeZd

rÙoKku tqus >kys ukgh- myV R;kyk oSKkfud fu;ekapk HkDde iqjkok feGkyk vkgs-

mnkgj.kkFkZ] foKkuke/;s dks.kR;kgh tM oLrw] vpsru] fLFkj fdaok futhZo ukgh- HkkSfrd

“kkL=h; fdaok jklk;fud OkLrw ns[khy pyu”khy o ltho vkgsr- nqljh xks’V Eg.kts

;k fo”okrhy dks.krhgh oLrw fdaok R;krhy v.kw uk”koar ukghr- QDr R;kaP;kr lrr

cny gksr vlrks- gh oSKkfud lR; clos”ojkauh vkiY;k /kEkZfo’k;d rÙoKkukr

lkafxryh vkgsr- vkt cgqrsd loZ fon~oku o /keZekrZaM clos”ojkaps fopkj ekU;

djrkauk fnlrkr-

clos”ojkaps lkekftd fopkj o dk;Z

tkfrHksn] o.kZHksn vekU;

clos”oj lkekftd lersps iqjLdrsZ gksrs- R;kauk tkfrHksn] /keZHksn] iaFkHksn ekU;

uOgrk- vkiY;k thoudkGkr R;kauh mPp&uhprk] tkfrHksn] Li`”; vLi`”;rk v”kk

ckchauk dMkMwu fojks/k n”kZfoyk- rÙdkyhu ,dk vLi`”;kP;k eqykpk fookg lektkr

mPp leTkY;k tk.kkÚ;k oxkZrhy eqyh”kh ?kMowu vk.kyk vusd lukrU;kauh

clos”ojkauk o R;kaP;k vuq;k;kfo:n~/k jktk fcTTkykdMs rØkj dsyh- iq<s ;krwu

^dY;k.k Økarh* ?kMwu vkyh-

clos”ojkauh tkfrfojghr lektkps LoIu ikfgys gksrs- Eg.kwu R;akuh lektkr

tkrh mitkrhr foHkkx.kkÚ;k tkfrO;oLFkspk dMkMwu fu’ks/k dsyk- vkiY;k ,dk opukr

189- ^xq: jkxkoY;kl ,d fnol lghu]

fyax jkxkoY;kl dkgh fnol jkghu-

i.k taxe jkxoY;kl {k.kHkjgh lgu djhu-

i.k R;kp {k.kh ek>s çk.k tkoksr] dqMylaxensok*] ¼?kqxjs lq;Zdkar] ohj”kSo o brj /keZ

vkf.k lekt] çFkeko`Ùkh] lk/kuk cqd LVkWy] xMfgaXyt] dksYgkiwj] 1999] i`-Ø-30½

¼215½

rs Eg.krkr] ^yksg rkiowu >kyk yksgkj] diMs f”kowu >kyk nsokax] dks’Vh] fo.kdj]

diMs /kqowu ijhV&/kksch >kyk- rlkp osni.k d:u >kyk czkã.k!*

clos”ojkauh lersP;k mins”kkps Mksl u iktrk çR;{k dk;Z dsys- rs Lor% egkj

ekaxkP;k ?kjh tkr- R;akps HkksTku ¼çlkn½ vkuankus Lohdkfjr- <ksj dDd;kyk rs ofMy

ekur- rj ekrax pUu;kyk vknjiwoZd vktksck Eg.kr- tkfro.kZO;oLFksfo’k;h ek.klkyk

varewZ[k dj.;klkBh rs Eg.krkr] ^gs ekuok! rw foVkGkrwu TkUe ?ksowu dqyxks=

“kks/krksl\ e`rkl okgwu us.kkÚ;kl “kqnz letrksl vkf.k Lor% ek= cksdMkpk cGh

?ksrksl\ dsoG osnekU; >kY;keqGs\ vlY;k “kkL= osn iqjk.kkauh rqyk dls vak/kGs d:u

Vkdys vkgs js\* vkt lektkus Fkksj o fon~oku ekuysY;k _’khequhapk tUe fgu dqGkr

>kysyk rs ekU; djrkr-190

tkrhikrh fol:u fofHkUUk tkrhr jksVh csVh O;ogkj Ogkosr- euksfeyu Ogkos

;klkBh rs vktUe ç;Ru”khy jkfgys- tkfrHksn u’V >kY;kf”kok; lektkr ,dksik

“kDrh fuekZ.k gks.kkj ukgh- gs rs tk.kwu gksrs- ;klkBh R;akuh tkfrikrh fueqZyukfo”k;d

fopkj dsoG xzaFkkrwu O;Dr dsys ukghr] rj çR;{k Ñrhij ikoysgh Vkdyh-191

vkarjtkrh; fookgkyk Ñrhus leFkZu

clos”ojkaps Lor%ps yXu ,dk {kf=; eqyhcjkscj >kys gksrs- ^tSu jktk

fcTTkGkP;k injh vlysys fl/njl gs {kf=; gksrs- czkã.k dkGkr tUeysY;k

clos”ojkauh nqljk fookg {kf=; dqGkrhy eqyh”kh dsyk- fuykachdk gh nqljh iRuh

d:u ?ksrkaUkk R;kauh Lor%pk vkarjtkrh; fookg dsyk- :<hps Hkatu dj.;kr vkf.k

lkekftd lerspk /ot mapko.;klkBhp R;akuh czkã.k e/kqojl ;k iafMrkP;k eqyhpk

190- v½ ^dksfG.khpk iq= ukao R;kps O;kl]A ekdZaMs; [kkl ekafx.khpkAA

eaMwdkph dU;k Fkksj eanksnjh]A tkrhph Fkksjh dk; fdts]AA

csjMkps iksVh vxLrhpk tUe]A pkaHkkj mRRke rks nqokZl]AA

dk”;i yksgkj] dkSafM.; rks Ugkoh]A frUgh yksdh cjoh çfl/nh rh]AA

tkfrps Js’BRo gkfp osMkpkj]

c½ ^[kk.;kfi.;kr Eg.krh >kkyk fØ;kghu] dU;k ns.;k?ks.;kr gqMdrh tkrikr]

dlk Eg.kw Rk;kauk HkDr\ dlk Eg.kw r;kauk eqDr\

,sd ck dqMy laxe nsok-A*

191- ikVhy Hkhejko] fot;dqekj djtdj ¼laiknd½] ;qx çorZd egkRek clos”oj] çFkeko`Ùkh]

czãkth Hkhejko ikVhy] fd.kh] vgeniqj] ,fçy 2006] i`-Ø- 121-

¼216½

fookg tkrhus <ksj vlysY;k gjG;kP;k eqyk”kh ykowu ns.;kr iq<kdkj ?ksryk gksrk-

vuqHko eaVi o dqyxw: vYYkeçHkqaphgh laerh feGkyh gksrh- ohj”kSo iaFkkrhy

f”ko”kj.kkaP;k eqykaeqyhapk rks fookg gksrk- R;akuh jktk <ksj o czkã.k ;k tkrh ohj”kSo

/keZ LohdkjY;kus iqlY;k xsY;kps lkafxrys o vkiY;k Ñrhps leFkZu dsys-*

clos”ojkaph f”k’;k vDDegknsohauk frP;k irhpk okbZV vuqHko vkY;koj

clos”ojkauh R;kauk vkiY;k vuqHko eaVikr vkJ; fnyk vkf.k dsys rs ;ksX;p dsys vls

EgVys- Eg.kts vU;k;h irhyk L=hus lksM.ks gs çxfr”khy clos”ojkauk v;ksX; okVys

ukgh- Eg.kts R;kaps ?kVLQksVkyk çksRlkgu gksrs vlk vFkZ gksr ukgh- irh iRuhpk

rÙokaeqGs la?k’kZ vlsy rj L=hyk Lora= fopkj d:u fu.kZ; ?ks.;kpk vf/kdkj R;kauk

ekU; gksrk-192

L=hfo’k;d lerkoknh n`f’Vdksu

clos”oj lerkoknkps iqjLdrsZ gksrs- fyaxHksnkP;k ukok[kkyh fL=;kadMs nq¸;e

fdaok ghu Hkkousus ikg.ks clos”oj vekU; djrkr- clos”ojkauh L=hfo’k;d xkS.kRo

ço`Ùkhyk rlsp loZ çdkjP;k va/kJ/nkauk fojks/k dsysyk vkgs- clos”ojkaP;k ers L=h gh

dks.kR;kp ckcrhr iq:’kkis{kk deh vFkok xkS.k vlwp “kdr ukgh- clos”ojkaP;k

L=hfo’k;dP;k ;k lerkoknh n`f’Vdksukoj Hkk’; djrkauk MkW-fueZydqekj QMdqys

Eg.krkr- ^Hkkjrh; lektkr L=hP;k dikGh “krdkuq”krds xqykefxjhp fyfgyh xsyh-

ekrk] Hkfxuh] iRuh] vkf.k dU;k ;k ukR;akuh iq:’kkaP;k thoukr okoj.kkjh L=h usgehp

iq:’kkais{kk dfu’B çfrph ekuyh xsyh- L=hpk mYYks[k çkphu dkGkiklwu “kwnzkaP;k

cjkscjhausp dsyk xsyk- /kekZP;k ukaok[kkyh frP;koj ca/kus ?kkYk.;kr vkyh gksrh- L=hP;k

thoukyk o O;fDreÙokyk iq:’kk brdh; çfr’Bk vkgs- iq:’kkgwu L=h dks.kR;kgh vFkkZus

deh ntkZph vlr ukgh- L=h iq:’k leku vkgsr- vlk mn~?kks’k clos”ojkauh dsyk

vkf.k L=hP;k Bk;h vlysY;k “kfDrph] cq/nhph] çfrHksph o drZ`Ùokph tk.kho lkÚ;k

lektkyk d:u fnyh- lq/kkjysY;k ;qjksi [kaMkr ns[khy 18O;k o 19 O;k “krdkr L=h

192- t;”ksV~Vh Hkkypanz] opu] çFke vko`Ùkh] dukZVd lkfgR; vdkneh] csaxywj] 1998]

i`-Ø- 131-

¼217½

iq:’kkaph lekurk ekU; dj.;kr vkyh( i.k ckjkO;k “krdkr L=hP;k Hkksorh mHkkj.;kr

vkysY;k v”kkL=h; o v/kkfeZd dqai.ks eksMwu dk<wu L=heqDrhpk uok fopkj jpukRed

n`’Vhdksukrwu ekaM.kkjs clos”oj dkGkP;k fdrhrjh iq<s ikgw “kdr gksrs- ;kcíy la”k;

mjr ukgh-193

ckyfookgkyk fojks/k

vDdegknsoh ckjk o’kkZph >kY;kojp rh yXukyk vkyh vls okVwu vusd yksd

frP;k ofMykauk yXukpk vkxzg d: ykxys gksrs- i.k clos”ojkaP;k iqjksxkph fopkjkapk

çHkko fRkP;k oMhykaoj vlY;kus R;kauh rh Lora= fopkj dj.;k,sOk<h eksBh gksbZi;Zar

frps yXu u dj.;kps Bjfoys gksrs- lksGkO;k o’khZ yXu >kys rsgh tcjnLrhusp vkf.k

irh Eg.kts ly.kkjk dkVk okVY;kus frus dk<wu Qsdwu fnyk o ljG clo..kkaps

dY;k.k xkBys- gh ?kVuk clo iqjk.kkr foLr`r Lo:ikr of.kZysyh vkgs-194

clos”ojkauh frps vknjkus Lokxr d:u vuqHko eaVikr fryk LFkku fnys-

os“;kaP;k iquoZlukpk ç;Ru

clos“ojkaP;k vuqHko eaMikr ^ladOok ^gh iqokZ;q’;krhy os“;k gksrh- uarj

cloknh f“ko“kj.kkaP;k ifo= lgoklkr vkY;kuarj fryk mijrh >kyh-195

v”kk çdkjs ckjkO;k “krdkr clos”ojkauh o R;akP;k lgdkjh “kj.kkauh os”;kauk

ekxZn”kZu d:u] R;kaps fookg ?kMowu vk.kwu] R;akuk mithfodsps lk/ku miyC/k d:u

fnysys gskrs- vktP;k Hkk’ksr R;akps îqu%oZlu* dsys-196

193- ikBd çHkkdj ik-] psruk fparke.kh] Jh clos”oj] çFkeko`Ùkh] lqfo/;k çdk”ku] lksykiwj]

vkWDVksacj] 2005] i`-Ø- 122

194- ?kksMds ckykth ,e- ¼l aiknd½] txr~ T;ksrh egkRek clos”oj t;arh Lejf.kdk] 2007]

lnkf”ko eLdys] ukansM] ,fçy 2007] i`-Ø-31-

195- ^ts deZ lksMwu uos ozr ?ksrys] gs iw.kZ u djrk

iqUgk twusp deZ d: ykxys] rj rkiysY;k lqjhus

dku dkirhy ek>s] fuyZT”oj-*

¼ t;”ksV~Vh Hkkypanz] opu] çFke vko`Ùkh] dukZVd lkfgR; vdkneh] csaxywj] 1998] i`-Øa-131-½

196- ikBd çHkkdj ik-] psruk fprke.kh] Jh-clos”oj] çFke vko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj]

vkWDVksacj 2005] i`’B Ø-123-

¼218½

^clos”oj Eg.kts le’Vh thouke/;s vkeqykxz cny ?kMowu vk.k.kkjh

;qxçorZd “kDrh gks;- R;kauh uolekt fuekZ.k dj.;klkBh dk;d o nklksg ;kapk

ik;k ?kkryk- ekuo dqGkyk ladVkP;k [kkbZr yksV.kkjh tkfr;rk ukgh”kh d:u lkjh

ekuotkr ,d Eg.kwu ?kks’k.kk dj.kkjk mik; Eg.kts b’VfyaxÙo- clos”oj iq<hy gtkj

o’kkZuarjps fparu dj.kkjs nwjn`’Vhps n`’Vs gksrs- rs usgeh ç;ksx”khy jkfgys gksrs- ckjkos

“krd R;kps çxrh”khy fopkj ipfo.;kbrds iDo >kys uOgrss- ijar R;kaP;k l[kksy

fparukps QG vkTkP;k vk/kqfud ;qxkr lokZauk pk[kko;kl feGr vkgs- tkr] dwG] o.kZ]

oxZ ;kaps Hkwr iGowu ykowu lkÚ;k ekuotkrhyk ,dk /kekZe/;s ekuo /kekZe/;s] vkJ;

ns.;klkBh vgksjk= jkcysY;k egkekuorkoknh clos”ojkauk ,dk tkrhiqjrs e;kZfnr

dj.;kpk dkagh yksdkapk ç;Ru [kjks[kj nqnSZoh EgVY;kf”kok; jkgor ukgh- ^dUUkM

fopkjoar Vh-vkj- egknsok¸;k ;kaP;k ojhy okD;ko:u clos”ojkaph lkekftd Fkksjoh

fdrh eksBh gksrh gs fnlwu ;srs-

clos”ojkaph ^dk;dos dSykl* ladYiuk

clos”ojkauh Jekph çfr’Bk ok<fo.kkjh] Jekps egÙo çfriknukjh ^dk;dos

dSykl* gh ldaYiuk ekaMyh-197 Jekph çfr’Bk ok<fo.kkjs o çfrikn.kkjs vkpkj lw= gh

R;kaP;k fnO; çfrHksrwu fu?kkysyh Fkksj laftouhp vkgs- çR;sd f”ko”kj.kkus vkikiys

drZO; dk;sus] okpsus o eukus djkos- dk;dkus vkpkjysys O;olk;dk;Z Eg.kts ^dk;d*-

dk;dkus Eg.kts dekZu] dSykl Eg.kts êks{k* feGsy vls vk”oklu ;kr vkgs-

m|ksxkph] Jekph] egarh R;kauh vkiY;k vkpj.kkus çfrikfnyh vkgs- ?kksj ifjJe] dBksj

d’V] Eg.ktsp LoxZlq[k gs lakxrkauk R;kr rs m|ksx”khy O;Drhyk m+|ksxkrhy]

O;olk;krhy HksnkHksn VkGwu çR;sd Jekpk {k.k gk eks{kkdMs us.kkjk lksiku ekuyk-

dks.krkgh O;olk; ghu ulwu Jekus R;kyk ifo=] Js’BÙo ;srs- Eg.kwu diMs /kq.kkjk]

vkiyk fi<htkr /kank dj.kkjk ekp¸;k R;kauk vkiyk l[kk okVrks- rj rks /kksch

197. Diwakar R.R., Shri. Basavesvara, A commemoration Volume, 1st Edition, Government

of Mysore, Bangalore, 1967, Page No. 80.

¼219½

vlY;kps brj osGk eyk dGrgh ukgh vls clos”oj Eg.kr- rks dks.kR;kgh tkrhpk

vlyk rjh ek>k thoukr dk; Qjd iMrks- eyk rj R;kapk Lusg feGrks-198

Jh clos”oj ço`fÙkoknh] bgoknh] gksrs gsp Li’V gksrs- /kkfeZdrscjkscj rs

çiapkpkgh fopkj djhr- clos”ojkauh drZO;iwrhZyk v/;kfRed egÙo fnys-199

dk;d

vkf.k JeegkRE; ;k ladYiuk ,desdka”kh lacaf/kr vlY;kps clos”oj ekU; djrkr-

ekuokph çxrh gh dk;d Eg.kts dk;Z ;k rÙokrwu >kysyh fnlrs- vkiY;k dk;kZcíy

O;Drhr fpdkVh] dk;kZcíyph fu’Bk] ifjJe] vls xq.k vl.ks xjtsps vkgs vki.k

dsysY;k dk;Zkps QG gsp HkkSfrd Lo:ikrhy dSykl Eg.ktsp ^LoxZ* vkgs-200

vuqHko eaMikph LFkkiuk

/kkfeZd] lkekftd] vkfFkZd] dk;Zkps dssanz Eg.kts vuqHko eaVi- clos“ojkauh

vuqHko eaVikph LFkkiuk d:u [kÚ;k vFkkZus vkiY;k dk;kZl çkjaHk dsyk- vk/kqfud

dkGkrhy yksdfu;qDRk lalnsP;k rksMhps vuqHko eaVi gs O;klihB 12 O;k „krdkr

ohj“kSo lektkr vfLrRokr gksrs- ohj“kSokP;k loZ ftOgkG;kP;k ç“ukaph xaHkhji.ks ppkZ

vuqHko eaVike/;s pkyw gksrh-

egkRek clos“ojkaP;k vfoLej.kh; dk;kZr f“koku qHko eVikP;k LFkkiusph fo“ks’k

uksan ?;koh ykxrs- 12 O;k 'krdkr R;kauh dsysY;k o lkekftd rlsp /kkfeZd Økarhph

chts ;k eaVikr varZHkwr gksrh- o.kZ] iaFk] gs Hksn fol:u loZ tkrh L=h] vkf.k iq:’k

,d= ;sowu /kkfeZd] u Sfrd] v/;kfRed rlsp lkaLÑfrd fo’k;koj ;k eaVikr ppkZ

djhr vlr- ppsZrhy fu’d’kZ gs nSufnau thoukr vkpj.kkr vkf.kr vlr- eaVikph

198- êR;Zyksd gk fud”kkekuokA ;k HkfB~Br rkowu ;kok]A

“kq/nk”kq/n ifj{kwu ?;kokA dqMylaxensok]AA

bFks [kjk rks p<rks ojrhA u dGh [kksVk r;k u c<rhA

fdaer Bjrs ;k HkwojrhA dwMylaxensokAA* ¼clos”oj opu Ø-34½


vko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj] Qsczqokjh 2003] i`-Ø-13-

200- ^T;kus vkiY;k ?kkekus gh dkGh ekrh fHktoyh

v[kaM Jekus T;kus vkiyk nsg jkcoyk d’V milys iskVklkBh

T;kus vkiYks ru vkf.k eu JeiqoZd f>tfoys

Jekph iqtk d:u T;kus f“kokph iqtk dsyh JfedkaP;k >ksiMhyk tks dSykl ekurks

T;kph ok.kh r“kh dj.khA gs dqMylaxensok] rksp txnxq: >kyk-* ¼ t;”ksV~Vh Hkkypanz]

opu] çFke vko`Ùkh] dukZVd lkfgR; vdkneh] csaxywj] 1998] i`-Ø-27-½

¼220½

lnL; la[;k lqekjs 300 ,o<h gksrh- R;kr 20 VDds efgyk gksR;k-201

vYYkeçHkaP;kw

v/;{krs[kkyh /keZfujis{k vuqHko eaMikr loZ tkrhP;k lnL;kauk lkekowu ?ksrys R;kiSdh

efMoky ekphnso& /kksch] es?kkj dsr:;k&cq:M] eknj pUu¸;k&ekax] fdUUkj

cEEk¸;k&lksukj] f“koukxe¸;k&egkj] 'kadj nkfle¸;k&f“kaih] <ksj dDd;k&<ksj] lexkj

gjG¸;k&pkaHkkj] pUUkclos“oj gk czkã.k rj euqok|kauh ukdkjysY;k L=h Lokra+=ky;k

ns[khy egÙo nsÅu vDdkegknsoh lR;dk] xaxkfcdk] ukxykafcdk] v“kk vusd efgyk

lnL;kauk ns[khy egÙokps LFkku fnys- fdÙkqjph jk.kh pUUkEEkkl ns[khy egRokps LFkku

fnys- fdÙkqjph jk.kh pUUkEEkk ;kp fopkjkP;k gksR;k-202

eaMikps toGikl lkjsp lnL;

,dkgwu ,d 'kj.k R;kxh] Kkuh] fon~okus gksrs- loZ lHkkln L=h iq:’k ijLijkauk

vuqØes ^vDdk* vkf.k ^v..kk* ;k ukaokus lacks/kr-

clos“ojkaP;k egkeuspk ¼eksBkokMk½ ,dk Hkkxkr loZ lnL; ,d= ;sr-

clos“ojkaP;k iq<kdkjkus Lkq: >kysY;k ;k çxRk dk;Zkps dk;Z{ks= R;akpk okMkp cuyk gs

fo“ks’k! okM;kr lnL;kauk okLRkO;klkBh dkgh varjkoj dqVhj] [kksY;k] xqgk cufo.;kir

vkY;k gksR;k- fcnj ftYg;kP;k clodY;k.k uxjhP;k vklikl eaMikps vo“ks’k vktgh

igko;kyk feGrkr-203

vuqHko eaMikph ekxZn“kZd RkÙos

1- loZ L=h iq:’k leku vkgsr-

2- dks.krhgh O;Drh tUekus] fyaxHksnkus] o.kZHksnkus fdaok O;olk;ku s Js’B fdaok

dfUk’B ukgh-

3- iq:’k fdaok L=h & iq:’k ;kr dks.krkgh Hksn ukgh-

4- fL=;kauk iq:’kkalkj[khp vkiyh mUurh d:u ?ks.;kpk vf/kdkj vkgs-

5- çR;sdkus LosPNsus vkiY;k O;olk;kph fuoM djkoh-

6- fL=;kalqn~/kk vkiY;k vkoMhps vFkkZtukZps dk;Z d: „kdrkr-

201- naMs t;Jh] txtaih lq’kek] ¼vuqoknd½ clo iFk] clo t;arh fo”ks’kkad] es 2008] clo

lferh] csaxyksaj] es 2008 i`-Ø-8-



203- ?kksMds ckykth ,e- ¼l aiknd½] txr~ T;ksrh egkRek clos”oj t;arh Lejf.kdk] 2007]

lnkf”ko eLdys] ukansM] ,fçy 2007] i`-Ø-21-

¼221½

7- loZp O;olk; çfr’BsP;k n`’Vhus leku vkgsr-

8- tkr] o.kZ o vkJe ;kapk R;kx djkok- Js’B dfUk’Brk ikGw u;s-

9- vkiyk O;fDrfodkl vkiY;k dk;dkrwu ?kMowu vk.kkok-

10- /;ku/kkj.kslkBh] fyaxkpZuslkBh LoxZlax ifjR;kx d:u vKkoklkr

tk.;kph xjt ukgh-

11- vkarjtkrh; fookg vkf.k loZ tkfro.kkZrhy lewg Hkkstukl mÙksstu ns.;kr

;kos-

12- vLi`“;rsyk lektkr dks.krsgh LFkku ukgh-

13- çR;sd ekuokyk vk/;kfRed vkf.k lkekftd ç“ukackcr eqDrfparu

dj.;kph eqHkk vkgs-

14- vuqHko vkf.k dkj.ks gs ekxZn“kZd RkÙo eqDr fparuklkBh vkf.k vk/;kfRed

çxrhlkBh vkgs-

15- /kkfeZd f“k{k.kklkBh ^yksdHkk’kk* gs mÙke ek/;e vkgs-

16- loZ O;Drhauk vkfRed mUUkrhlkBh v/;kfRed ppsZr Hkkx ?ks.;kpk lkj[kkp

vf/kdkj vkgs-204

vuqHko eaVi gk la?kVusP;k n`’Vhus ,d egÙoiw.kZ ç;ksx gksrk- vuqHko eaVikr]

dks.kh czkã.k ukgh] dks.kh 'kqnz ukgh- lxGst.k f“ko“kj.k vlsp okrkoj.k R;kauh r;kj

dsys- R;keqGs f“ko“kj.k gh ,deso lqla?kVhr 'kDrh mHkh dj.;kr R;kauh ;“k fEkGfoys

loZ tkrh tekrhaps yksd ,d >kys- ,dk vFkhZ tkfrO;oLFkk f[kGf[kGh dj.;kps rs

;“kLoh ç;Ru gksrs- vuqHko eaaVikeqGs] ,d= ;sowu oSpkfjd vknku çnku >kys-205

okrkoj.k [ksGhesGhps gksowu loZtu lqla?kVhr Lo:ikar mHks jkfgys- ladqfpr

fopkjkaiklwu iq.kZr% nwj gksowu çR;sdt.k ,dla/k vkf.k ,dkRe lekt vfLRkRokr

vk.kk;yk t.kw ç;Ru“khy >kyk gksrk- Jh clos“ojkauh la?kVuspk ik;k vlysY;k



205- Hunashal M., Shri.Basavesvara, A Commemoration Volume, 1st Edition, Government

of Mysore, Bangalore, 1967, Page No. 488

¼222½

lersP;k fopkjkyk /;s;k i;Zr us.;klkBh [kwi d’V ?ksrys vkiY;k vuqHko eaVikr

lokZalkBh fopkj dsyk- lo.kZ nfyr ;kapk lekos“k dj.kkjk R;kapk gk jk’Vªzfgrkpk

fopkjkp jk’Vªz/kekZyk iks’kd Bj.kkjk gksrk- ;k vuqHko eaMikeqGs lektkrhy QqVhji.kkoj

ekr d:u loZlekos“kdrk vk.k.;kr R;kuh ;“k feGfoys- vkiksvkip ,dk O;kid

ik;koj loZlekos“kd v“kh la?kVuk mHkh jgkoh v“kh Hkwfedk clos“ojkauh vkjaHkkiklwup

?ksryh- lerk o U;k; ;koj vk/kkfjr gh lektjpuk vfLRkÙokr vk.k.;kpk vfHkfuos“k

R;kaP;kr ukgh- LokHkkfodi.ks] lgtrsus loZ xks’Vh ?kMkO;kr vls R;kauk okVs o rls

>kysgh-

dY;k.k Øakrh

HkkjrkP;k bfrgklke/;s vkti;Zar vusd /kkfeZd] lkekftd] vkf.k jktdh;

ØkaR;k >kY;k- ckjkO;k 'krdkr dukZVdkrhy dY;k.k ;sFks >kysyh Økarh gh ,d

vuks[kh] vtksM o loZd{k Økarh gksrh- ;k Øakrhus /kkfeZd] lkekftd] uSfrd] vkfFkZd o

jktdh; v“kk loZ ckcrhr veqykxz ifjorZu ?kMowu vk.kys- ;keqGs Hkkjrkrhp uOgs rj

txkrhy ;k ,d EkgÙoiw.kZ lkekftd Økarh Eg.kwu ;k ØkarhdMs ikfgys ikfgts-

12O;k 'krdkr dukZVdkr] tkfrO;oLFkk] vLi`“;rk eksB;k çek.kkoj vfLRkÙokr

gksrh- /kekZP;k ukaokoj lektkps 'kks’k.k lq: gksrs- tkrho:u euq’;kps Js’BÙo rlsp

dfu’BÙo ekuys tkr gksrs- fL=;kauk dqBykgh vf/kdkj uOgrk- v“kk ifjfLFkrhr

dukZVdkr ckjkO;k 'krdkr clos“oj:ih Økafrdkjdkpk mn; >kyk-

lektekU; uSfrd O;olk;] uksdjh fdaok 'ksrh çR;sdkus djkoh- loZp O;olk;

leku] ifo= vkgs- O;olk;kr Js’B&dfu’B vls oxhZdj.k dj.;kr ;sow u;s- nqnsZokus

;krwup tkrhaph fuehZrh >kyh vkgs- nqlÚ;kaps 'kks’k.k dj.;kP;k ço`RRkhpk] nqlÚ;kaP;k

Jekoj tx.;kP;k ço`Ùkhpk clos“ojkauh f/kDdkj dsysyk vkgs- fHk{kko`Ùkh r“kh R;kT;p]

vfrfjDRk dekfoysY;k /kukpk mi;ksx lektkrhy xjtw] yqG;k] ikaxG;k] 'kks’khr

fiMhrkalkBh dj.;kr ;kok gkp nklksg gks;-

cGh çFkk] gkse gou] çk.khfgalk] laU;kl ço`RRkh nsgkyk d’Vfo.kkjs ti&ri]

vuq’Bkus] ea=&ra= ;k xks’Vhauk gh clos“ojkauh Vhdkfo’k; cufoysys gksrs- ojhy lerk

¼223½

fopkjkapk çlkj] çpkj djrkr] fyaxnh{kk ns.;klkBh lar fQj.kkjs pjarh fuLi`g

mikld ok çpkjd Eg.ktsp ^taxe* gksr- v“kk fujyl lersps çpkdk;Z dj.kkÚ;k

taxekauk o Lokehauk lokZauh mnkj gLrs LkoZrksijh enr djkoh- vkJ; |kok vls

vkokgu o lfØ; çksRlkgu clos“ojkauh fnysyk gksrk-

clos“oj lektkrhy loZ tkrha /kekZP;k yksdkauk HksVk;yk tkr- ,df=r jkg.ks]

[kk.ks] fi.ks] v“kk ckchcíy clos“ojkauk okoxs okVr uls- gk R;kaP;k ekuorkoknh

/kksj.kkpk uSfeÙkhd ifjikB vls clos“ojkaP;k fopkjkus] Ñrhus o vkpj.kkus vR;ar

çHkkfor gksowu ûkxhnso dkacGs* ;k vLi`“;kus vusd nsorksikluk R;kxwu clos“ojkaP;k

ohj“kSo pGoGhr lkehy >kyk- ,dnk R;kus clos“oj o vuqHko eaVikrhy loZ

lnL;kauk tso.kklkBh vkeaf=r dsys- R;kaps vkea=.k clos“ojkauh Lohdkjys gs ikgwu

deZBkauk clos“ojkapk jkx vkyk-

clos“oj cgqtu lektkr R;kaP;k dk;ZkeqGs yksdfç; cuys- clos“ojkaps vLi`’;

m/nkjkps dk;Z o R;kaP;k yksdfç;rscn~/ky jktk fcTTkyP;k njckjkrhy lukruh o

deZB ea«;kaP;k eukr eRlj fuekZ.k >kyk- clos“ojkauh vkiY;k çkekf.kd dk;kZeqGs

dj.khd inkiklwu rs egkea=h inki;Zar iksgpY;keqGs dkgh ts’B ea=kpk vgadkjgh

nq[koyk xsyk- fcTTkGkP;k toGP;k orqZGrkr okoj.kkÚ;k LrqfrikBd o /keZj{kdakpk

[kksVk vko vk.kk.kkÚ;k lukruh yksdkaph ukos ckjkO;k 'krdkrhy gfjgj dohus v“kh

fnyh vkgsr- ¼clojkt] nsorjxGs dUuM pfj=] xzaFk½ ukjk;.k HkV~V] ¼fcTTkGkPk

jktxq:½] v“kh gh vBjk yksdkaph ukos fnysyh vkgsr- gs cgqrsd osnk/;;uh deZB

czkã.k gksrs dkght.k njckjkr vf/kdkjh o ea=h gksrs-206

njckjkrhy ojhy lukrU;kauh fcTTkGkdMs clos“ojkfoa:/n rØkj dsyh- ,dk

cktqyk clos“ojkaP;k lkekftd dk;kZeqGs R;akph cgwtu lektkr yksdfç;rk ok<r

gksrh rj nqlÚ;k cktqyk R;kap s fojks/kd ,d gksowu clos“ojkaP;k fojks/kkr fcTTkykps

dku Qqadr gkssrs- clos“ojkaalkBh loZ lekt loZ tkrh leku gksR;k- rs vkiY;k

'kj.kkaP;k HksVh xkBh ?ksr fQjr- R;kauk egkj] ekax] czkã.k] pkaHkkj v“kk tkrh ekfgr

206- Wadiyae Jayaobamaraja, Shri.Basavesvara, A Commemoration Volume, 1st Edition,


¼224½

uOgR;k- R;kauk QDr ekfgr gksrs rks QDr ekuo /keZ] vkf.k gsp gsrw MksG;kleksj Bsowu

R;akuh vuqHko eaVikps nksu lnL; gjG;k o e/kqoje ;kaP;k eqykapk fookg >kyk- gk

fookg eqyxk o eqyxh nks?kkaP;k lEEkrhus >kyk- tUekus pkaHkkj vlysY;k gjG;kpk

eqyxk 'khyoar o tUekus czkã.k vlysY;k eq/kojlph dU;k dykorh- tUekus

feGkysY;k tkrh lksMY;k rj :i] xq.k] fo|k o LoHkko ;k n`’Vhus ,esdkauk vuq:i

gksrs- e/kqoj; gjG;kP;k 'kqn~/k o ifo= vkpj.kkus Hkkjkowu xsyk gksrk- R;kyk gjG;k“kh

ukrslaca/k tqGwu ;kosr vls eukiklwu okVr gksrs- Eg.kwu ea=h vlysY;k e/kqjlkus

vkiyh eqyxh gjG;kP;k eqykyk |koh v“kh bPNk O;Dr dsyh- tUekpsgh dkagh LkaLdkj

vlrkr- R;kpk ifj.kke gG~;koj gksrk rks ladksph o`Ùkhpk gksrk- i.k vuqHko eaVikrhy

clos“ojklag vusd f“ko“kj.kkauh] f“ko“kj.k e/kqojl] ;kaph bPNk iw.kZ Ogkoh vlkp

fopkj ekaMyk- closs“ojkaPks Eg.k.ks nksUgh fyaxk;r rÙokph vlY;kus] R;kaP;k iqokZJehP;k

tkrhapk fopkj dj.;kps eqGhp dkj.k ukgh- tkrh ikrhps ca/ku eku.;kph xjt ukgh-

R;keqGs “khyoar vkf.k dykorh ;kpk f“ko“kj.k dqVwackrhy eqykaps yXu gks.;kl gjdr

ukgh- pwd rj ewGhp ukgh- Jh clos“ojkaph gh vkKkp vkgs gs çek.k ekuwu gjG;k o

R;kph iRuh dY;k.kh eqyxk f“kyorkaP;k yXukyk r;kj >kys- ;s.kkÚ;k ladVyk rksaM

ns.;kph r;kjh ns[khy R;akuh dsyh- Jh clos“ojkauh çLFkkfir dsysyh rÙos ikGk;pk

fu“p; dsyk- R;kaP;k ;k /kkMlh fu.kZ;kus f“ko“kj.kkr uopSRkU; lGlGw ykxys vkf.k

gjG~;kiq= o e/kqoRlkph dU;k ;kapk fookg vusd 'kj.k 'kj.khaP;k mifLFkrhr vuqHko

eaVikP;k lHkkx`gkr eksB;k FkkVkr ikj iMyk- ;k vkarjtkrh; fookgkph ckreh

okÚ;klkj[kh dY;k.k uxjhr iljyh- mPpo.khZ;kaP;k xVkr tGQGkV >kyk- vusd

deZBkauh pDd jktkpk egky xkByk o >ky syh ?kVuk lkaxwu u Fkkacrk f“ko“kj.kkadms

dkukMksGk dsyk rj egkjktkaps jktk fcTTkG vklugh /kksD;kr ;k;yk osG ykx.kkj

ukgh- R;kaP;koj o fo“ks’kr% R;kaps usrs clos“ojkaoj dk;Zokgh >kyh ukgh- rj vkiyk

lekt m/noLr gksbZy- o.kZladV dk<sy- jktkus lko/k Ogkos- vls b“kkjs ns.;kr vkys-

chTtykyk clos“ojkaps drZ`Ùo ekfgr gksrs- i.k ;k ?kVusus rksgh fcFkjyk- R;kus çFke

clos“ojkaukp ;kps Li’Vhdj.k fopkjys- fyaxnh{kk ?ksrY;koj nks?ksagh gjG~;k o e/kqojl

,dkp /kekZps >kys gksrs- rj nks?ksgh fyaxk;r vlrhy rj R;kaP;k eqykapk fookg gk

¼225½

foykse i/nrhpk fdaok vkarjtkrh; fookg uOgs- gk tkrhpk fookg gks; vls

clos“ojkauh lkafxrys o RksFks mifLFkr 'ksdMks f“ko“kj.kkauh R;kauk ikBhack fnyk i.k

dkjLFkkuh] clos“oj }s’Vs ea=h ;k deZB lukruh yksdkauh jkT;kr vk/khp xksa/kG

mMowu fnyk gksrk- R;akuh jktkyk fcTTkGkps er ifjorZu d:u clos“ojkaP;k fo:n~/k

mHks dsys- fcTTkGkyk okVw ykxys fd vkiys jkT; clos“oj 'kj.kkaP;k lgk;kusp

feGosy- eqGkr dGpq;Zao“kh fcTTkykus pkyqD; jktk pkyqD; rSyi r`rh; ¼chTTkGkpk

ekes HkkÅ½ /kksdk nsowu lÙksoj vkyk gksrk- gs rÙdkyhu iqjkO;ko:u fln~/k gksrs-207

vkj-lh- fgjseB ;akuh ikydqjdh lkseukFkkP;k rsyxw Hkk’ksrhy cloiqjk.k

xzaFkkP;k vk/kkjs ^Jh clos“oj* ;k xzaFkkr vkarjtkrh; fookgkizlaxh ?kMysY;k ?kVusps

o.kZu iq<hyçek.ks dsys vkgs- fcTTkykP;k njckjkrhy ekap..kk o ukjk;.k ;k o.kkZJe o

tkfrO;oLFksps iqjLdR;kZ ea=kaP;k lkax.;ko:u gk vkarjtkrh; fookg Fkkacfo.;kl

fcTTkykus lakfxrys i.k ;kl clos“ojkauh udkj nsowu egkea=h inkpk jkthukek fnyk-

208 e/kwokjl gjG;kpk ;kaps cfynku Eg.kts Hkkjrkhy tkfrO;oLFkk eksMwu dk<.kkÚ;k

ckjkO;k 'krdkr gks.kkÚ;k vkanksyukrhy cfynku gks;-209

dY;k.k e/;s ;k ?kVuk ?kMr vlrkauk clos“ojkaps eu mnkl >kys- R;kauh

dY;k.k R;kx.;kpk fu.kZ; ?ksryk- R;akuh dY;k.k lksMwu vkiY;k xq:dMs dqMylaxe

;sFks vkys-R;kps fpRRk FkkÚ;koj uOgrs- R;kauk 'kkarrk goh gksrh-R;akuk okVw ykxys- vkiys

ftor dk;Z iw.kZ >kys vki.k pkyfoysY;k la?k’k Z vkiys lgdkjh iq<s pkyorhy vls

R;kauk okVw ykxys- fuykspuk gh R;akph iRuh R;kaP;klkscr uOgrh rh dY;k.k ;sFks gksrh-

;k ekxph dkj.ks ek= letw 'kdr ukgh- clos“ojkauh rqaxHknzsr mMh ?ksryh- o vkiyh

thou;k=k laifoyh-210

clos“ojkapk lgkdjh ekp¸;k Eg.kY;kçek.ks rks rstkse; gksowu



208- gs lxGs ?kMwu vkY;kuarjgh jktk fcTTky LoLFk u clrk R;kauh e/kqojl o gjG;k ;k

o/kwouj fiR;kauk f“k{kk QekZfoyh- çFke nks?kkapsgh MksGs dk<.;kpk vekuq“k gqdwe fnyk ,o<s

gksowugh fcTTkykps eu lek/kku >kys ukgh- ;k nks?kkaukgh idMwu ,GsgksVs f“k{kk fnyh-

,GsgksVs f“k{kk Eg.kts ;k nksa?kkukgh gÙkhP;k ik;h cka/kwu QjQjr e`R;w gksbZi;Zar vks<.;kph

f“k{kk-


vko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj] Qsczqokjh 2003] i`- Ø-44-

210- ^rRdkfyu ohj”kSo lkfgR;kr ;k ?kVusl ^^fyaxSD;** vlk “kCn okijysyk fnlrs-*

¼226½

^“kqU;kr* foyhu >kyk-211 R;kaP;k e`R;wph okrkZ dGY;koj fuyykspusus 'kksd dsyk vkf.k

EgVys] dh rs vkrk nsgghu vLrh >kys vkgs- vkf.k rh 'kqn~/k clokaP;k ekxksekx xsyh-

'kj.k yk sdkauh dY;k.k uxjkph rqyuk clos“ojkaP;k HkfDr:ih rsykus çTTofyr

dsYksY;k fnO;k“kh dsyh- rs Eg.kkys dh] ^;k fnO;kus vla[; yksdkauk çdk“k fnyk-

QqVyk gksrk] rsy lkaMys gksrs ijarq fnO;kpk çdk“k vkrk nSoh rstkr foyhu >kyk

gksrk-*212

bdMs dY;k.k e/;s ,dp xksa/kG lq: >kyk- fcTTkYkkus dsysyh fu’iki 'kj.kkaph

gR;k] 'kj.kkaps iq<kjh clos“ojkaPkk jkTkR;kx] o dY;k.kR;kx] jktk lksfonsokP;k*

lSfudkaph opu okMe;kph pkyfoysyh gksGh] jkT;krhy 'kj.k 'kj.khapk pkyfoysyk

vekuw’k NG ;keqGs clos“ojkaP;k vuq;k;kr larkikph çpaM ykV fuekZ.k >kyh gksrh-

lqMkpk] Øsk/kkpk foLro lwIri.ks /kqelr gksrk- /kx/kxr gksrk- jkT;krhy fyaxk;rkph

vkf.k x.kkpkjh o`ÙkhP;k 'kj.kkaph eu%fLFkrh ç{kqC/k gksrh- vfHkfuos”kh dMO;k clook|kaps

xV LkqIri.ks xkoksxkoh ok<rp gksrs- v“kkp ,dk mlGR;k Lor%P;k ç{kqC/k xVkpk çeq[k

gksrk- txnso] R;kaps thokyk tho ns.kkjs nksu lgdkjh gksrs- eksy¸;k o ckse¸;k-

MkW-v“kksd xaxk/kj esudqnGsauh vkiY;k ^ckjkO;k 'krdkrhy vk| lektlq/kkjd

egkRek clos“oj* ;k xzaFkkr clo vuq;k;h txnsokdMwu dypqjh jktk fcTtykP;k

gR;sps o.kZu iq<hyçek.ks dsysys vkgs- ^,dk e/;jk=h rGiR;k ryokjh ?ksowu txnso

lgdkÚ;klksacr >ik>i jktokM;kP;k ik;Ú;k p<wu xsys- MksG;kr o MksD;kr lqMkps

çpaM FkSeku gksrs- R;kaP;k n`f’Vleksj gÙkhP;k ik;akuk cka/kwu QjQVr vks<Y;k tk.kkjs

fu’iki gjG;k o e/kwokjl QDRk fnlr gksrs- igkÚ;kojhy lSfudkauk {k.kk/kkZr yksGowu

MksG;kph iki.kh yors uk yors ,o<;k osGkr R;akauh vr%iqjkr >ksiysY;k 'kj.kkaPkk

dnZudkG BjysY;k fcTTkGkps f“kj ,dk ?kkokr /kMkosXkGs dsyk- ;k vkdfLed o

ukV;e; ?kVuseqGs reke clokuq;k;h f“ko“kj.kkauh fcTTkGkps ekjsdjh Bjowu dY;k.k

211- ôhj”kSo rÙokuqlkj bZ”oj :ioku ¼vkdkj½ o :ifoghu vlk nksUgh vlrks- R;kps o.kZu

usgeh ^”kwU;* vls djrkr] T;kpsp nqljs uko îw.kZ* vkgs-*

212- eqrhZ ,e-fpnkuan] fdacgqus jfoanz] vuqoknd] Jh-clos”oj lq/kkjhr vko`Ùkh] 2004] uW”kuy cqd

VªLV bafM;k] ubZ fnYyh] 2004] i`- Ø-68-

¼227½

jkT;kr jktk lksfonsokP;k lSfudkpk gSnkSl o fgalkpkj lq: >kyk- ;k dY;k.k

Økarhrwup jDRkikrkyk o lwMl=kyk vkjaHk >kyk-*213

fcTTkGkPk e`R;w fooknkLin gksrk- ^nso dqBY;krjh /kekZph xq:fdYYkh gh vkgs*-

vls Eg.k.kkÚ;k clos“ojkauh fcTTkGkP;k gR;syk ekU;rk fnyh vl.ks 'kD; ukgh vlsgh

,d er vkgs- dks.kh vlsgh Eg.krkr dh] clokaP;k fouaR;k o vktZos /kqMdkowu

fcTTkGkpk o/k dj.;kr vkyk- clokP;k ;k ?kMkseksMha“kh dlykp laca/k uOgrk vls

eku.kkjsgh cjsp yksd vkgsr- R;akP;k ers ;k gR;sekxs fu[kG jktdh; gsrw gksrs vk.k[kh

dks.;kgh ohj“kSokus gk o/k dsyk uOgrk-214

pkyqD; jktdqekj o R;kaps ekaMfyd gk

xksa/kG lq: >kY;koj xwIros“kkr dY;k.k uxjhr ;sowu jkfgys gksrs- pkyqD;kaP;k jktkps

vigj.k dj.;kÚ;k dypqjh jktk fcTTkGkpk R;kauk lwM ?;ko;kpk gksrk- rks R;kauh

jktkyk ek:u ?ksryk- f“ko“kj.kkauh R;kyk ekjys ukgh-215

;k ckcr MkW-esudqnGs

Eg.krkr] ^fcTTkGkPkk [kwu gk clos“ojkaP;k lkekftd lersP;k pGoGhyk dsysY;k

fojks/kkph çfrfØ;k gksrh- dY;k.kP;k flagklukP;k çkIrhlkBh ukrsokbZd o brj

egÙokdka{kh ea=h ;kaP;k dVkpk rks Hkkx UkOgrk- fcTTkGkus fHkUu tkrhr fookg ?kMowu

vk.k.kkÚ;kaph fu?kZ̀.k gR;k dsyh gksrh- ng“kr fuekZ.k dj.;kpk ç;Ru dsysyk gksrk- ;k

Øwj o funZ;h gR;spk fu’ks/k Eg.kwu /kekZa/k lukruh jktlRRksyk ekuoh gDdkP;k

laj{kdkauh fnysys rs pks[k çR;qÙkj gksrs-*

dY;k.k Økarhph O;kIrh

fcTtykP;k o/kkuarj jkT;kr vf/kdp vank/kawnh o vLFkS;Zrk ektyh- ftdMs&

frdMs ;knohpk o.kok isVyk ;kr gtkjks ohj“kSo fyaxk;rkpk cGh xsyk- ?kjsnkjs


vko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj] Qsczqokjh 2003] i`’B Ø-53-

214- eqrhZ ,e-fpnkuan] fdacgqus jfoanz] vuqoknd] Jh-clo s”oj lq/kkjhr vko`Ùkh] 2004] uW”kuy

cqd VªLV bafM;k] ubZ fnYyh] 2004] i`- Ø-70-

215- ikBd çHkkdj ik-] psruk fprke.kh] Jh-clos”oj] çFke vko`Ùkh] lqfo|k çdk”ku] lksykiwj]

vkWDVksacj 2005] i`- Ø-44-

¼228½

jktlSfudkadMwu tkGyh xsyh- v“kk ifjLFkrhr opu lkfgR;kP;k lqj{kslkBh vuqHko

eaMikps vYyeçHkw] vDdkegknsoh] Jh“kSy] ioZrkdMs xsys- pUuclos“ojkalg vDdk

ukxykafcdk] xaxkfcdk] xaxkfcdk] efMokG ekp;k] vfac;kj pkSM;k] <ksj dDd;k] ekax

pUu;k] b- 'kj.kkauh x.kkpkjh o`Rrhus fojks/k d:u xksO;kP;k iwosZdMhy lg;knzhP;k

fufcM oukrhy mGoh ¼ft-dkjokM½] {ks=kdMs yir Nir R;kaP;k lkscr veqY; vls

opu lkfgR; gkssrs okVrs cÚ;kp fBdk.kh fcTTkGkP;k lSU;klkscr ;qn~/k >kyh-

dY;k.ke/kwu mGohdMs tkr vlrkauk lksykiwj ;sFkhy x.kkpkjh nykl

lksykiwjps fln~/kjkes“oj o pkeyknsoh jk.khus enr dsyh- ;k nykps usr`Ùo 'kqjfoj

ekfM;kG ekPk¸;k fpUe;Kkuh] pUuclos“oj o vDdkukxEEk] xaxkfcdk o 'kj.k Mksgkj

dDd;k djhr gksrs- lksykiwjgwu iw<s xsY;koj fcTty lSU;kus 'kj.kkapk ikBykx Lkq:

dsyk-fcTTky lSU;kl gqydko.kh nsowu 'kj.k dMdksG] lqÙkhxsrj] lkaxy] eqjxksdMs

ç;k.k dsys- eqjxksM rk-cSygksaxy ft-csGxkao] ;sFks çFke ;qn~/k >kys- ;k ;q/nkr 'kqjfoj

efMokG eko¸;k Bkj >kyk- 'kj.kkauh R;kapk dkjhtus ;sFks vafre laLdkj dsyk- iq<s R;k

fBdk.kh efMokGkaph 'kj.khu lek/kh cka/kyh- iqUgk 'kj.k o fcTty lSU;kph dknjksGh

;sFks HksV gksowu nqljs ;q/n >kys- dY;k.kEEk o clo iRuh xaxkfcdk fcTTky lSU;k“kh

y<r gksR;k- ;k ;q/nkr xaxkfcdk o dY;k.kEEk t[keh >kY;k R;kaph çk.kT;ksr

ekyoyh- 'kj.kkauh dY;k.kEEkkpk vaR;laLdkj :nzequhaP;k gLrs frxMh xkoh dsyk- vkt

frxMh ;sFks dY;k.kEEk lek/khLFkG vkgs- xaxkfcdkekrspk vafre laLdkj eyçHkk

unhdkBh ,e-ds- gqcGh ;sFks dj.;kr vky- R;kuarj 'kj.k dDd;kauk ohjej.k iRdjkos

ykxys- rs T;k LFkGh fyaxSD; >kys- rsFks vkt dDdsjh ukokps xko vkgs- iq<s

clos“ojkaP;k 'kj.kkauk nkukEEk jk.khus enr dsyh- nkuEEkkus 'kj.kkauk ?kksMs] 'kL=s] lSU;s

nsowu R;kauk mGohl ikBfo.;kl loksZrksijh lgdk;Z dsys- v“kk ladVkauk rksM nsr

clos“ojksps vuq;kph mGoh ;k bPNhr LFkGki;Zar ;sowu iksgkspys- fcTTkykpk tkokbZ

jk;eqjklhl 'kj.kkauh idMys ijarq vDdukxEEkkP;k vkns“kkuqlkj R;kl thonku ns.;kr

vkys- mGoh ;k xksO;kps dnac jkts isehMh ;akuh vkJ; fnyk-216

216- ikVhy Hkhejko] mGoh {ks=] çFke vko`Ùkh] “kj.k lkfgR; eaMG] ykrwj] es 2008] i`-Ø-4-

¼229½

clos“oj ,d çsf’kr gksrs- lxG;kp çsf’krkaçek.ks R;kaP;kr dkagh oSxq.;s gksrs-

iq.kZÙo çkIr gks.;klkBh R;kauh vk;q’;Hkj ç;Ru vkf.k la?k’kZ dsys ;krwu rs tUer%p

fl/n uOgrs gsp Li’V gksrs- R;akuh O;Dr dsysY;k vkf.k vkpkjysY;k loZp xks’Vh

vkiY;kyk iVrhy vls ukgh- R;akph opus vkf.k vkpkj R;kaP;k dkGkP;k lanHkkZr

riklwu ikfgY;kojp vFkZokgh Bjrhy- R;kaP;k oSxq.;keqGsp [kjs rj clokph ekuork

>GkGwu mBrs vkf.k rs vkiY;kyk fç; okVrkr-

l/;kpk ohj“kSo lekt clos“ojkaPkk vkn“kZ LoIukrhy lekt ulsygh dnkfpr-

i.k dqBY;k çsf’krkph LoIus R;kaP;k /kekZus vkf.k lektkus iw.kZ dsyh vkgsr\ i.k

clos“ojkaP;k f“kdo.kwdhpk oLrqfu’B vH;kl dsyk rj R;kaP;k fopkjkaph vktgh

vko“;drk vlY;kps tk.kors- R;kapk çsekpk lans“k] lR;kpk vkxzg] n;k“khyrk vkf.k

ek.klkek.klkrhy lekursps rÙo] dk;kZfo’k;hpk loZ lektkyk ca/kudkjd dsysyk

vkxzg] R;akph lektoknh n`’Vh] R;kaps xfjckaojps çse vfk.k in~nfyrakfo’k;hph d.ko

dsoG HkwrdkGkrhy ek.klkph f“kdo.k Eg.kwu VkGrk ;s.kkj ukgh-

12 O;k 'krdkrhy ohj“kSo lkfgR; & ,sfrgkfld lk/ku

vusd ohj“kSo lkfgR;ke/;s ohj“kSo laçnk;kP;k rÙoKkukcn~/kyph ekfgrh

feGrs- tho o f“kokps ,sD; LFkku] Kku ijekRek] ijefo“okl tk.k.;kps vR;ar lksis o

Li’V Kku vkgs- ‘kVLFky vkRek o ijekRek lacaf/kpk ,d Kku lkax.kkjk ‘kVLFky Kku

bZ“ojkiklwu Eg.kts f“kokiklwup ekuokl çkIr >kY;kps lkafxrys tkrs-

tho o f“kokps Kku loZçFke f“kokus ikoZrhl lkafxrys rsp ‘kVLFky loZçFke

vkxe 'kkL=kr vkgs- ohj“kSo fyaxk;rkps gs ‘kVLFky Kku çkphu letys tkrs- ‘kVLFky

Kku gs ohj“kSokaps /keZrÙo letys tkrs gs Kku RkÙo] laLÑr o dUuM lkfgR;kr

vk<Grs-

Jh fln~/kkar f“k[kke.kh xzaFkkr ohj“kSokaps rÙoKku O;ofLFkr o Øaeokj fnlwu

;srs- gk xzaFk laLÑr Hkk’ksr vlwu osnrÙoKkukP;k toG tk.kkjk fnlrks- ;k xzaFkkr

js.kqdkpk;Z vkxLr _’kh ;kaP;krhy laokn vkgsr- ;kl ^js.kqdxhr* vlsgh Eg.krkr- eqG

¼230½

'kadjkus ikoZrhl lkaxhrysys Kku vkxe xazFkkr vlwu rsp Kku txnxq: js.kdkpk;kZauh

vkxLr _’khauk mins“k dsysyk vkgs- gk laokn Jhfln~/kkaRk f“k[kkef.k gks;-217

f“kolaçnk;kr çfl/n vlysys loZ f“kox.kkps] vf/kirh] js.kqdkpk;kZauh rsp iqUgk

i`Fohoj vxLrh _’khyk lkafxrys vkgs- js.kqdkpk;kZauh vxLrh equhyk lkafxrysys

fi.ML;ykiklwu ohj“kSo vuqxzgk; yksdkukeH;/kkr lqf/k;kaoj-1-1&3 Kku“kqU;LFkkyki;Zar

vlysY;k ,d“ks ,d LFkykar o.khZysys ohj“kSo] egkra=] iaMhrx`.kh v“kk f“ko;ksxh

f“kokpk;kZauh ohj“kSokoj vuqxzg dj.;klkBh lkafxrys vkgs-218

ohj“kSo rÙoKkukpk xkHkk

Eg.kwu ;k fln~/kkar f“k[kkef.k xzaFkkdMs ikfgys tkrs-

opu lkfgR;

vkxe] fln~/kkar f“k[kkef.k ;k laLÑr xzaFkkf“kok; clos“oj dkyhu dkagh

opudkjkauh fuekZ.k dsysY;k opu lkfgR;kae/;sgh ohj“kSokP;k rÙoKkukcn~/kyph ekfgrh

feGrs-

opu lkfgR;kph fufeZrh yksdHkk’ksrwu dj.;kr vkyh vkgs- opulkfgR; gs ,d

yksdlkfgR; vkgs- rÙdkyhu lektkrhy cgqtukauh vkiY;k cksyhHkk’ksrwu O;ogkfjd

lk/kh lksih mnkgj.ks nsowu opukaOnkjs ohj“kSoiaFkkps rÙoKku Li’V dsysys fnlrs- opu

lkfgR;kP;k ek/;kekrwu foiwy lkfgR; fuekZ.k >kys- ohj“kSo laçnk;kP;k fodklkr o

çlkjkr opudkjkaps eksBs ;ksxnku vlysys fnlwu ;srs-

'kadjnklhe;k] ,dkarjk;k] ;kf“kok; Lor% clos“ojkauh vusd opukaph fufeZrh

dsyh- vuwHko e aVikP;k ek/;ekrwu toG toG 770 f“ko“kj.kkauh opukaph fufeZrh

dsyh- ;k fL=;kaapk lgHkkx egÙokpk gksrk- ;k fBdk.kh ns“kHkjkrwu vkysys yskd vuqHko

eaVikps lHkkln gksrs- clos“ojkalkscr vlyys R;kaps çeq[k lgkdkjh vYYkeçHkw]

pUUkclos“oj] lksykiwjps fln~/kjkes“oj] vDdegknsoh] vDdukxEEkk] fuykafcdk]

xaxkchadk] eMhokG ekphnso] v“kk vusdkauh gtkjksaP;k la[;sus opukaph fufeZrh dsyh-

217- ^rRlEçnk;fl/nsu js.kdqu egkReuA

x.k“ojs.k dfFkrexL;R;k;] iq%f{krkS*A Jh-fl-f“k% 1&29AA 218- Kalajate B.M., Diwakar, Shri.Basavesvara, A Commemoration Volume, 1st Edition,

Government of Mysore, Bangalore, 1967, Page No. 172-

¼231½

vkt nqnSZokus vusd opu u’V >kysyh vkgsr-219

clos“ojkaP;k uarj Eg.ktsp 13

'krdkuarj ohj“kSo lkfgR;kr eksBh izxrh >kY;kps fnlrs-220

cloiqjk.k

rsyax.kkrhy ikydqjdh lkseukFk ;kauh rsyxwe/;s cloiqjk.k gk xzaFk fyfgyk-

;kr clos“oj o R;kaP;k ledkyhu f“ko“kj.kkaps pfj= vkgs- R;kuarj 'kadjkpk;Z ;kauh

laLÑr e/;s cloiqjk.kkaps Hkk’kkarj dsys- iq<s f“konkl egkjktkauh ejkBhr clo

iqjk.kkaph fufeZrh dsyh-221 ;k ohj“kSo lkfgR;krwu ohj“kSo rÙoKkukc/nyph ekfgrh çkIr

gksrs-

vkxe xzaFk

ckSn~/k] oS’.ko] 'kSo] /keZiaFkkps rÙoKku vki.kkLk vkxekr HksVrs- osxosxG;k

/kekZP;k osxosxG;k iaFkkps vkxe osxosxGh vlwu R;kapk mRiÙkhdkG fuf“pri.ks lkaxrk

;sr ukgh- oSfnd vkf.k voSfnd /keZ xzaFkkrwu vkxekaph fufeZrh >kysyh vkgs- dkagh

çkphu lkfgR;kr vkxekauk vikS:’ks; letysys vkgs- vkxekaph fufeZrh 'kadjkP;k

eq[kkrwu >kyh- rh vB~Bkfol çdkjph gskrh- rh çFke ikoZrhl o uarj brjkauk letyh

vlsgh lkafxrys tkrs-

lk/kkj.k% vkxekps çdkj nksu lkafxryh tkrs- ifgyk oSfnd vkxe vkf.k nqljk

voSfnd vkxe] osn] bfrgkl] iqjk.k o ra= gs oSfnd vkxe i.k ckSn~/k lkj[ks vkxe

^voSfnd* Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrkr- dkgh fBdk.kh voSfnd ok³~e;kl vkxe o oSfnd

ok³~e;kl fuxe Eg.krkr- osnkauk fuxe vkf.k ra=kuk vkxe gs ukao vkgs- vkxekps

219- oaM~Ms xq:ukFk] ohj”kSo /keZ ifjp;] çFke vko`Ùkh] “kdaqryk çdk”ku] mnxhj ft-ykrwj] ekpZ

2002] i`- Ø-54-

220- e- clos“ojkuarj toGikl 'kaHkj Ok’kkZuarj Eg.ktsp rsjkO;k 'krdkP;k lq:okrhyk ejkBhe/;s

dkagh foj“kSokauh ohj“kSo lkfgR;kph fufeZrh dsyh- ;k yksdkauh clos“oj o R;kP;k 'kj.kkaph

ijaijk iq<s pkyw Bsoyh- folksck [kspj] ts rsjkO;k 'krdkP;k lq:okrhy gksowu xsys R;kuk

ejkBh ohj“kSo lkfgR;krhy ifgys lar vls Eg.kys tkrs- R;kaps ‘kVLFky gs xazFk ejkBhrhy

ohj“kSo iaFkps "kVLFkyklaca/khps ifgys xzaFk Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrs-* folksck [kspj gs vkSa<k

ukxukFkps jfgok“kh rsFksp gs lar Js’B ukensokauk ^f“koth,SD; rÙoKkukpk ^mins“k folksck

[kspjkauh dsyk- folksck [kspjkaP;k lkfgR;krqugh ohj“kSokaP;k rÙoKkukc/nyph ekfgrh feGrs-

16 O;k 'krdkr tUeysys b-l- 1560 eUeFkLokeh ¼tUeLFkG usduwj ft-chM½] gs

gh ejkBhrhy ohj“kSo lkfgfR;d R;kauhgh vkiY;k xzaFkke/kwu ohj“kSo rÙoKkukpk çlkj ejkBh

Hkkf’kdkae/;s dsys- R;kauh ^xzaFkjkt JhijejgL;*] fyaxs“oj ;k xzaFkkph fufeZrh dsyh-


2002] i`- Ø-66-

¼232½

'kSo] 'kkDr o oS’.ko gs rhu Hksn vkf.k 'kSoxekps dkikfyd] dkykeq[k] ik“kqir] o 'kSo

vls pkj çdkj lkaxhrys- 'kSo ;k çdkjps dkf“ej o 'kSo fln~/kkar vls nksu iksVHksn-

egkegkik/;k; fejk“kh gs 'kSoflan~/kkr] dkykeq[k] ik“kqir o dkikfyd v“kk pkj 'kSo

'kk[kk ekurkr- Jh cynso mik/;k; ik“kwir 'kSo] dkykeq[k dkikfydkP;k rhu

miçdkjkr ekgs“oj laçnk; lacks/krkr- vkf.k 'kSo fln~/kkar rkfeG] ohj“kSo dukZVdkr]

çR;kfHkKk dkf“ej vkf.k ik“kqir jktiqrkauk vlk çlkjhr >kY;kps lkafxrys tkrs-

ohj“kSo iaFkkr vkxkekauk çek.k ekuys tkrs- ;k iaFkkrhy ladsfrd dk;Z

lwpfo.kkÚ;k ewrhZpk vkf.k iapeq[kkapk mYYks[k Hkkjrh; laLÑrhdks“kkr vkysyk vkgs- gh

iapeq[ks ohj“kSokaP;k iapkpk;kZP;k ukaokus fo’kn dsysyh fnlrkr-222

ohj“kSoka“kh lacaf/kr

vl.kkÚ;k vkxekae/kwu ohj“kSo rÙoKku] vkpkj] /keZkckcrph ekfgrh feGrs-

fln~/kjkes”oj o R;kapk Lora= oSpkfjd çokg

12 O;k “krdkr ohj”kSo fyaxk;r /keZiaFkkps fuekZrs o çorZd egkRek

cLkos”ojkaP;k eq[; vuq;k;kaiSdh lksUufyaxs ¼pkyqD; dkfy.k lksYkkiwj½ ;sFkhy

fl/njkes”oj ¼iwoZkJehps&/kqGhegkadkG½ ;kaps pfj= o fopkj igkrk ohj”kSoaklkscr

vl.kkjs fln~/kjkes”oj vFkok fln~/ks”oj dkgh ckcrhr ohj”kSokaiklwu fHkUuÙo jk[k.kkjsgh

vk<Grkr- ;k dkGkr dukZVd o ifjljkr “kSo ik”kqir o R;kaP;krhy fofo/k iaFkkapk

çHkko IkMysyk gksrk- R;kuqlkj ohj”kSo rÙokpk Lohdkj dj.;kvk/kh R;kaP;koj ykdqyh”k

& ik”kqir “kSo iaFkkrhy RkÙoKkukpk çHkko iMysyk gksrk vls er ,e- fpnkuan ewRkhZ

O;Dr djrkr-223

fln~/kjkes”ojkaps ewG uko /kqfGegkadkG vls vlys rjh uarj R;kus

xq: eYy¸;kP;k çHkkok[kkyh ;sowu ^fln~/kjke* gs uko /kkj.k dsys-224

;k dky[kaMkr

nf{k.ksr fln~/klaçnk; yksdfç; gksrk- *çHkqfyax* xazFkkuqlkj clos”ojkaps vuq;k;h o

“kwU;ihBkps v/;{k vYyeçHkw o xksj[kukFk ;kapk lacaa/k vkysyk gksrk- vYyeçHkwP;k


2002] i`- Ø-74-

223- ewrhZ ,e-fpnkuan ] ejkBh vuwoknd johanz fdacgqus] Jh clos”oj] lq/kkfjr vko`Ùkh] uW”kuy

cqd VªLV] uoh fnYyh] 2004] i`- Ø- 60

224- <sjs jk- fpa-] f”k[kj f”kax.kkiwjpk Jh “kaHkw egknso] çFkeko`Ùkh] Jh fo|k çdk”ku] iq.ks] tqyS]

2001] i`- Ø- 234

¼233½

lkax.;ko:u fln~/kjkes”ojkauh dY;k.kh ;sFks ohj”kSo fyaxk;r iaFkkph nh{kk ?ksryh-

vYyeçHkwwuk] ukFklaçnk;h ukFkfln~/k ekurkr- vYYkeçHkw o fln~/kjkes”oj ;kapk

,desdkaoj çHkko vlY;keqGs fln~/k RkÙokpk Lohdkj fln~/kjkes”ojkauh dsyk vlkok-

ewGkr R;kaP;koj ik”kqIkr iaFkkpk çHkko iMysyk gksrk- ik”kqir iaFkkP;k rÙoKkukpk

çHkko ukFkiaFkkojgh tk.korks- ;k lokZpk ifj.kke Eg.kts fln~/kjkes”ojaklkBh ukFkfln~/k

gks.ks o iq<as ohj”kSo iaFkkpk Lohdkj dj.ks gs Qkjls R;kauk vo?kM xsys ulkos-

;kf”kok; fln~/kiaFkkuqlkj ik”kqir&dkikfydkaph “kk[kk vl.kkÚ;k dkykeq[k

iaFkkpkgh çHkko fln~/kjkes”ojkoj vlkok- dkj.k lksykiwj ifjljkr b-l-P;k 10 O;k

“krdkiklwu rs 12 O;k “krdki;Zar dkykew[k laçnk; yksdfç; gksrk- iq<s ckjkO;k

“krdkr ;k iaFkkpk çHkko gGw&gGw vksl: ykxyk- ifj.kkeh ohj”kSo fyaxk;r laçnk;

yksdfç; >kyk- dkykeq[kh laçnk;kph eBs ohj”kSokaph eBs cuyh vusd dkykeq[kh xq:

ohj”kSokaps taxexq: cuys ;kçek.ks fln~/kjkes”ojkauhgh vYyeçHkwP;k lkax.;ko:u

ohj”kSo fyaxk;r erkpk Lohdkj dsyk- vls vlys rjh R;kaP;kr vl.kkjk ewGpk

ik”kqir] dkikfyd] dkykeq[kh vFkok ukFkfln~/k çHkko dkgha va”kh rlkpa jkfgyk-

dY;k.k Økarhuarj clos”ojkaP;k thoukpk “ksoV dqMylaxe ;sFks >kyk- uarj

fl/njkes”oj lksykiwj ;sFks vkiys moZfjr vk;q’; ?kkyoys- ;k dkGkr R;kauh vkiY;k

tqU;k fopkjkaps o clofopkajkps leUo; ?kMowu vk.kwu ,d Lo%rkpk uok RkÙo çokg

fuekZ.k dsyk vlkok- dkj.k R;kapk vuq;k;kapk ,d eksBk oxZ gksrk- tks] dh QDr

fl/njkes”ojkaukp eku.kkjk gksrk- T;kr loZlkekU; yksdkapk Hkj.kk vf/kd gksrk- T;kauk

ewrhZ & eafnjiwtk ekU; gksrh- v”kk vuq;k;kaeqGs fdaok R;kaP;k vkxzgkewGs gs >kys vlkos-

;k lacaf/kph ppkZ vki.k iw<hy çdj.kkr dj.kkj vkgksr- l/;k ek= vki.k

fln~/kjkes”ojakps pfj= o fopkjkaph FkksMD;kr vksG[k d:u ?ksow-

fln~/kjkes”oj pfj=kaph lk/kus

fln~/kjkes”ojkaP;k pfj=klaca/kh iqjkRkÙoh; lk/kukis{kk iwjkfHkys[kh; lk/kus

eksB;kçek.kkr miyC/k vkgsr- clos”ojkalaca/khps mYys[k f“kykys[kke/kwu vkysys vkgsr

i.k R;kaP;k “kj.kkaps mYys[k ek= Qkjls fnlr ukghr- dqMy&ikuxkaoP;k f“kykys[kkr

¼234½

fl/njke o R;kaP;k f”k’;kpk mYys[k vkysyk vkgs-225 ;kf”kykys[kh; lk/kukf”kok; Lor%

;kauh jpysyh 851 opus miyC/k vkgsr- ;k opuke/kwu R;kaps thou] dk;Z o

rÙoKkukcn~nyph ekfgrh feGrs- ;k loZ lk/kukalkscrp fl/njkes”ojkaps pjh= lkax.kkjs

dUuM Hkk’ksrhy *fln~/kjke pfj=* gs dkO; xzaFk çfl/n vkgs- uÅ la/khr foHkkxysys 549

‘kVinhps gs dkO; vlwu ;k xzaFkkrwu fln~/kjkekaps pfj= fofo/k dFkukaP;k ek/;ekrwu

jk?kokadkus Li’V dsysys vkgs- ;k xzaFkkph jpuk lk/kkj.kr% fln~/kjkekuh ?ksrysY;k

lek/kh uarj “kaHkj rs fnM”ks o’kkZuarj >kysyh vkgs- ;keqGs ,Sdho dFkkaP;k vk/kkjs fuekZ.k

>kysys pfj= ejkBh Hkk’ksr lksykiwjps jfgok”kh vl.kkjs f”konkl ;k dohus folkO;k

“krdkP;k lq:okrhyk ejkBh Hkk’ksr lksykiwjgwu çdkf”kr dsys gksrss- i.k vkt nwnSZokus

gh çr miyC/k gksÅ “kdyh ukgh- ejkBh vko`Ùkhrhy gk xazFk uÅ vk/;k;kr

foHkkxysyk vlwu 3392 vksO;kapk gk xazFk vkgs- ;k xzaFkkpk mi;ksx jk-fpa-<sjs ;kauh

*f”k[kjflax.kkiwjpk Jh “kaHkwegknso* ;k xazFkkP;k fufeZrhosGh dsysyk gksrk- la”kks/kdkus jk-

fpa-<sjs ;kaP;k dqVqafc;ka”kh laidZ lk/kyk vlrk l/;k gk xzaFk R;kaP;kdMsgh miyC/k

uLkY;kps letrs- fln~/kjkes”ojkaP;k pfj=klaca/kh vkt miyC/k vl.kkjh cgqrka”k xazFk

jk?kokadkP;k *fln~/kjkes”ojiqjk.kkaa*pk vk/kkj ?ksowu fyfgysys vkgsr-

ojhy loZ lk/kukP;k vk/kkjs fln~/kjkes”ojkaP;k pfj=kph FkksMD;kr ekfgrh

vki.k iw<hy çek.ks ?ksow-

fln~/kjkes”ojkaps pfj=

lksykiwj ¼iwokZJehps lksUufyaxs½ ;sFkhy dqMoDdfyax tkrhrhy eksMhZ eq|¸;k

vFkok eksMhZ eq|xkSMk vkf.k R;kaph iRuh lqXxynsoh ;k irh&iRuhP;k iksVh vk;q’;kP;k

“ksoVP;k dkgh o’khZ jso.kfln~/kkaP;k Hkfo’;ok.khuwlkj fln~/kjkes”ojkapk tUe >kyk-

oSokfgd nh?kZ dkGki;Zar viR;çkIRkh >kysyh ulY;keqGs ;k nkaiR;kus vkiY;k tkrhrhy

^cksEe¸;k* ukokP;k eqykl nÙkd ?ksrys- uarj ek= mrkjo;kr fln~/kjkes”ojakpk tUe

>kyk- R;kaP;k tUefrFkhcn~ny erHksn tk.korkr- jk-fpa-<sjs ;kaP;kers fln~/kjkes”ojkapk

225- <sjs jk-fpa-] f”k[kj f”kax.kkiwjpk Jh “kaHkw egknso] çFkeko`Ùkh] Jhfo|k çdk”ku] iq.ks] tqyS]

2001] i`-Ø- 233

¼235½

tUe b- lu 1135 ;ko’khZ >kyk-226

MkW- t;nsohrkbZ fyxkMs ;kaP;k ers b-l- 1127

lkyh lksykiwj ;sFks fln~/kjkes”ojkapk ^lksykiwj* ;sFks tUe >kysyk vkgs-227

ohj”kSo

fo”odks”k [akM 1 ;k dks’kkrgh b-l- 1127 ghp tUe rkjh[k vk<Grs-228

fln~/kjkes”ojkapk jke] jkEk¸;k] jkeukFk] jkeukFknso] fln~/kukFk] fln~/kjke] fln~/kjkes”oj]

fln~/kjke] f”ko;ksxh b- mYys[k dksjho ys[kkrwu vkysys vkgsr-229

eq|xkSMk vkf.k

lqXxynsoh ;k dqVqafc;kaaps dqynSor gs /kwGheadkG vlY;keqGs ;k eqYkkps ukogh

*/kwGheadkG* vls Bso.;kr vkys- fln~/kjkes”oj ckyi.kh eancqn~/khps o “kkar o`Ùkhps gksrs-

;keqGs “ksrdjh vl.kkÚ;k vkbZ&oMhykauh xkokrhy brj eqykaçek.ks xqjs jk[k.;kps dke

lksifoys- fln~/kjkes”oj xqjs jk[k.;kps dke djhr vlrkukp loaxM;klg vacjkbZr

vlysY;k efYydktZwwukph iwtk djhr clr vkf.k cjkscj vk.kysY;k nfgHkkrkPkk uSos|

f”kokyk nk[kfoY;kuarjp Lor% tsor vls- ,d fnol f”ko fparsr eXu vlrkuk

fln~/kjkekauh ,d dYiukfp= (Fantasy) ikfgys- R;k dYiukfp=kr Jh”kSyP;k

efYydktwZukus çxV gksowu] vki.k fuokl djhr vlysY;k LFkkukph lwpuk fnY;klkj[ks

okVys R;keqGs fln~/kjkekyk frFks tkowu vkiY;k b’VnSoarkaps n”kZu ?ksowu ;kos vls

okVys-

vkbZ&ofMykauk dYiuk u nsrkp jkukr pjr vlysY;k xqjkauk rsFksp lksMwu]

Jh”kSY; ;sFks tk.kkÚ;k dkgh ;k=sd:lkscr fln~/kjke fu?kwu xsyk- la/;kdkG >kyh rjh

?kjh ijr u vkysY;k iq=klkBh ekrk&firk rGeGr vlrkuk] Jh”kSY; ;sFsk iksgpysyk

fln~/kjke efYydktwZukiw<s clwu çkFkZuk djhr gksrk-230

226- <sjs jk- fpa-] f”k[kj f”kax.kkiwjpk Jh “kaHkw egknso] çFkeko`Ùkh] Jhfo|k çdk”ku] iq.ks] tqyS]

2001] i`-Ø- 233

227- fyxkMs t;nsohrkbZ] Jh fl/njkekaph f=osnh] f}rh; vko`Ùkh] egkjk’Vª cloijh’kn] Hkkydh]

ftYgk chnj] ¼dukZVd½] uksOgsacj 2009] i`- Ø- 01

228- laiknd eaMG] ohj”kSo fo”odks’k] [kaM Ø- 01] çFkeko`Ùkh] vkf[ky Hkkjrh; ejkBh ohj”kSo

lkfgR; eaMG] ukxiwj] fMlascj 2001] i`- Ø- 167

229- <sjs jk- fpa-] f”k[kj f”kax.kkiwjpk Jh “kaHkw egknso] çFkeko`Ùkh] Jhfo|k çdk”ku] iq.ks] tqyS]

2001] i`-Ø- 233

230- *nso vlk vkgs Eg.kwu fo”okl Bso.ks v”kD; vls]

gs Eg.kwu lkaxwu n`f’VvkM >kysY;k nsokyk pkaxys Eg.kkos dk\

nso vlk vkgs Eg.kwu folacus v”kD;]

vkiY;k dk;ZklkBh =kl fnYksY;k nsokyk pkaxys Eg.kkos dk \

dfiyfl/neYy¸;k] rq>h fyyk dq.kkl dGyh ukgh*-

& fln~/kjkes”oj opu Ø- 806

¼236½

dkgh dkG R;kauh Jh”kSY; ;sFks /;ku ;ksx /kkj.k dsys- ;kp fBdk.kh R;kaP;kr

rkfÙod fopkj :twu lksykiwjkr R;k RkÙokapk fodkl o çlkj fln~/kjkes”ojkauh dsyk-231

iq<hy dk;kZlkBh R;kaps iqUgk lksUufyaxs ¼lksykiwj½ ;sFks vkxeu >kys- R;kauh vkrk

laU;kl /kkj.k dj.;kpk fuf”p; dsyk oSjkX; ekxkZpk R;kauh voyac dsyk- dqVqackpk

R;kx d:u eksB;k Hkkoklg xkokckgsj rs okLrO;kl vkys vkrk R;kapk vjk/;nSor

^dfiyfln~/k efYydktwZu* >kyk-

Jh “kSY; ;sFkhy /kkfeZd okrkoj.kkpk eksBk çHkko fln~/kjkes”ojkojrh iMysyk

vlY;keqGs rlsp okrkoj.k lksykiwjkr fuekZ.k dj.;kpk ç;Ru R;kauh dsyk- R;kuqlkj

fyaxLFkkiuk] nsoLFkku fuekZ.k] nsoLFkkukP;k Hkksorkyh ryko cka/kwu /kkfeZd dk;kZlkscrp

lkekftd dk;kZl lq:okr dsyh- ;kp njE;ku lksykiwj ;sFksp vYyeçHkw”kh HksV >kyh-

vYyeçHkwuh fln~/kjkekaP;k thoukrhy lq:okrhP;k deZekxkZph lk/kuk Fkkacowu R;kauh

HkfDr] oSjkX;kdMs oGfoys- clos”ojkaP;k rÙoKkukus HkkjkoysY;k vYyeçHkwuh

fln~/kjkes”ojkauk lksykiwjgqu dY;k.k ;sFks vk.kys-232

vYyeçHkwP;k ers] ^pUuclos”ojkauk

¼pUuclos”oj gs clos”ojkaps Hkkps gksrs½ fln~/kjkes”ojkauh xq:LFkkuh ekukos*- R;kçek.ks

fln~/kjkes”ojkauh ekuysys xq: fln~/kjkes”ojkis{kk o;kus ygku vl.kkjs pUuclos”oj gs

gksrs- pUuclos”ojkadMwu fln~/kjkes”ojkauh fyaxnh{kk ?ksowu fyaxk;r /keZ o lektkP;k

çxrhlkBh vkiys iq<hy thou viZ.k dsys- vYyeçHkwuh Hkw’kfoysY;k vuqHko eaMikP;k

v/;{kihBkoj vkluLFk gksowu f”ko”kj.kkaP;k ç”kalsl ik= Bjys-

fln~/kjkes”ojkauh fuekZ.k dsysY;k opukaiSdh 851 opus vkt miyC/k >kysyh

vkgsr- 851 opukis{kk vf/kd opukph fufeZrh R;kauh dsysyh vlkoh- rs Lor% ,dk

opukr] ^^vMql’V gtkj opus xkÅu Fkdys ek>s eu** ¼fln~/kjkes”oj opu Øekad

106½ vls lkaxwu vkiY;k opukaph la[;k lwfpr dsysyh vkgs- vkiY;k opukP;k “ksoVh

231- eMds “k”khdykrkbZ jkt”ks[kj] f”ko;ksxh fl/njke pfj=keàr] çFkeko`Ùkh jkt”ks[kj p- eMdh]

lksykiwj] 2001] i`- Ø- 30

232- <sjs jk-fpa-] f”k[kj f”kax.kkiwjpk Jh “kaHkw egknso] çFkeko`Ùkh] Jhfo|k çdk”ku] iq.ks] tqyS]

2001] i`- Ø- 234

¼237½

fl/njkekauh ^dfiy fln~/k efYydktqZu* gs vafdr /kkj.k dsys dkj.k Jh”kSY; ;sFkhy

efYydktqZu vkrk R;kaps vkjk/; nSor cuys gksrs-233

dY;k.k ;sFks vkysY;k fln~/kjkekl vkiYkk vjk/; nso vlysyk dfiy fl/n

efYydktqZu clo..kkaP;k :ikr vkysyk vkgs] vls R;kauk okVys- clo..kkaP;k cjkscjhus

R;kauh lq/nk dqyksÙkeoknkps [kaMu dsys- ^ôsnokpwu osnk/;;u dsY;kus czkã.k gksÅ

“kdrks dk\** ¼fln~/k op-453½ vls vkOgku rs djrkr- ^^<ksj dDd¸;k] ekax psUu¸;k ;k

lkj[;k f”koHkDrkps dwG fopkj.kkÚ;kl O;kl] okfYedh] dksafM.;kps dwG dks.krs\ dwG

ikg.;kr dkgh vFkZ ukgh-** vls çfriknu djhr rs clos”ojkaP;k lekt dk;kZr

,dfu’Bi.ks lgHkkxh >kys- vuqHko eaMikP;k dk;kZe/;s eXu gksÅu v}Srkpk ekxZ “kks/kr

R;kauh fyaxkax lkejL;kaph jhr tk.kwu ?ksryh-

“ksrdjh laLÑrhpk okjlk] Jh”kSY; ;sFkhy rÙdkyhu fuekZ.k >kysY;k

/kkfeZdrspk çHkko] ;ksxhd lk/kuspk vH;kl] LFkkojfyaxkph LFkkiuk] v”kkrp clo o

“kj.kkapk lgHkkx ;k lokZaP;k lkejL;krwu fln~/kjkes”ojkaps ,d osxGs rkfÙod jlk;u

fuekZ.k >kysys fnlrs- iq<s dY;k.k Økarhuarj fln~/kjkes”oj lksykiwj ;sFks vkys- ;k

dky[kaMki;Zar clos”oj o brj “kj.k fyaxSD; >kysys gksrs- iqUgk R;kauh thoukP;k

vafre dkGki;Zar lkekftd o /kkfeZd dk;kZl okgwu ?ksrys- rs Lor%P;k Lora= rÙokapk

çlkj d: ykxys- “ksoVh b-l- 1180 lkyh lksykiwj ;sFks fuekZ.k dsysY;k eafnjkr

lek/kh ?ksowu fyaxkx lkejL; lk/kys-234

fln~/kjkes”ojkaps lkfgR; o oSpkfjd çokg

fln~/kjkes”ojkaps opu lkfgR; Jh-Q-xq-gGdV~Vh ;kauh ifjJeiwoZd “kks/kwu vkf.k

laiknwu 851 opukapk ,d laxzg çfln~/k dsyk- R;krhy dkgh opus R;kauk rkeziVkoj

feGkyh- fln~/kjkekaP;k ,dw.k opukaph la[;k 68]000 vlyh ikfgts- gs R;kaP;k iq<hy

opuko:u Li’V gksrs- i.k rh loZ opus vkt miyC/k gksÅ “kdyh ukghr-

233- eMds “k”khdykrkbZ jkt”ks[kj] f”ko;ksxh fl/njke pfj=keàr] çFkeko`Ùkh jkt”ks[kj p- eMdh]

lksykiwj] 2001] i`’B Ø- 45

234- ^^vkdk”kkrhy ohtsçek.ks] ;ksX;krhy Øks/kkçek.ks] os”;sP;k çsekçek.ks] xq:eqrhZP;k

iknksndkçek.ks] dfiyfln~/kefYydktqZukP;k yhysçek.ks] ekÖ;k çk.;kps ,SD;] rn~or~

“kCneqX/k vls f”kof”kok**

¼238½

^^vMql’V lgL= opus xkÅuh f”k.kys ek>s euA

xkos ,dp opu] ifjlkos ,dp opuAA

fo’k; lkaMwuh] fufoZ’k;h Ogkos gs ,dp opuA

dfiyfln~/k efYydktqZukAA**

fln~/kjkes”ojkaP;k çR;sd opukP;k v[ksjhl] ^^dfiyfln~/k efYydktqZu** vls

vafdr vkgs- rj R;kaP;k f=fo/khaP;k “ksoVh ^^;ksfxukFk** vls avafdr vkgs- opu

lkfgR;kO;rsfjDr ^êa=xkSI;**] rhu ^^f=fo/kh** vf.k ^^dkyKku** ukokpk xzaFk] bR;knh

lkfgR;gh R;kauh fuekZ.k dsys- R;k}kjs rÙoKku o lk/kukin~/krhcn~/ky feG.kkjh ekfgrh

iq<hyçek.ks]

clo Lrks«k f=fo/kh

;k f=fo/khr 124 ins vlwu R;kr fln~/kjkekaph clos”ojkojhy çk.kkf/kd v”kh

fufLle HkfDr vkf.k çse O;Dr >kys vkgs- b’Vfyax] çk.kfyax] Hkkofyax gh rhugh fyaxs]

R;kauk clos”ojkaP;k fBdk.kh fnlrkr- ^^clo** ;k v{kj=;kus =SeykPkk uk”k gksÅu eh

fuR; lq[kh >kyks vlwu ekÖ;k vaxfyaxkr rwp lkekowu mjyk vkgsl- rw vkf.k eh

,dtho >kyks vkgksr- ‘kM~vaxkrys ‘kMfyax rwp >kyk vkgsl- v”kk HkDrhHkkokus fln~/k

jkekauh clos”ojkaps Lrou dsys vkgs-235

feJ Lrks= f=fo/kh

;k f=fo/khr 109 ins vkgsr- çkjaHkhP;k ohl inke/;s clos”ojkaps Lrou vkgs-

R;kiq<hy 29 inke/;s fln~/kjkes”ojkaps xq: pUuclos”oj ;kauh R;kauk fyaxnh{kk

fnY;kpk mYys[k ;srks- fofgjh] ryko] eafnjs bR;knh cka/k.kkÚ;k ekÖ;k lkj[;k

deZ;ksX;kyk çHkwnsokuh dY;k.k ;sFks usys vkf.k psUuclo..kkadMwu fyaxnh{kk ?ksryh

vkf.k rsOgkiklwu deZ;ksxh vlysyk eh f”ko;ksxh >kyks vls R;kauh EgVys vkgs-

R;kuarjP;k 19 inkar Jh çHkwnsokaps Lrou vkgs vkf.k mjysY;k inkr vusd f”ko”kj.k

vkf.k f”ko”kj.kh ;kaP;kcn~/ky vknj] HkDrh] çse O;Dr >kys- nklksgewrhZ fuyEek]

235- danla[;k&01] in;la[;k 01 rs 126

¼239½

fyaxfu’Bk rRi;Z lksMwG ckpjl] fu”py HkfDrpk fuyZTt “kkar xq:] ekfyaU; nwj

dj.kkjk lxjpk cksEe¸;k- uxj lapkj d:u rÙoksins”k dj.kkjk fuxekpk cksEe¸;k-

lE;d pkfj«;kus ;qDr cgq:ih pkSMa¸;k] “kCnkaP;k varjh vlysys czãKkUk tk.k.kkjk

dydsr czã¸;k] ;ks/;karhy ;ks/nk tks/kj ek;..kk] f”kolkfu/; ikoysyk f=u;u

nkl¸;k] n”kok;qps Hksn tk.k.kkjk eksju ose¸;k] eqDrh eafnjkr vk:< >kysyk czã¸;k]

tUenk=h uhyEek] vkth egknsoh] lkaHkkG.kkjh vDdukxEek] çlkn ns.kkjh eqDrk;Ddk]

T;kaP;k ?kjpk çlkn clos”ojkauh vk.kyk rs dDd¸;k] [kftunkj fpDd¸;k] jr;

eq|¸;k] jDdK ckse¸;k] FkkdVk ekn..kk] ekrk egknsoh] FkksV vtx..kk] v”kk vusdfo/k

“kj.kkauk ^t;t;rq “kj.kq* vls vknjkus fouowu ^^f”k[kh diqZjkçek.ks ;k “kj.ko`nkaP;k

pj.kh yhu >kyks-** vls xkbZys vkgs-236

v’Vkoj.k Lrks= f=fo/kh

fyaxk;r /keZiaFkkr v’Vkoj.kkps LFkku eksBs vkgs- fyxkax lkejL;kps Kku d:

ns.;kl v’Vkoj.k fpUgs mi;qDr vkgsr- xq:] fyax] taxe] iknksnd] çlkn] foHkqrh]

:nzk{k] ea= gh rh fpUgs gksr- fln~/kjkekaP;k v’Vkoj.k f=fo/khr 144 ins vkgsr-

lnkpkjkps vkpj.k Bsowu ln~/k”kDrh vkf.k lE;dKku çkIr d:u ?ks.;kl

v’Vkoj.kkrhy fu’Bk vko”;d vkgs- vls ;k f=fo/khr EgVys vkgs-237

v’Vkoj.k

fpUgkaP;k egarhps Jh fln~/kjkes”ojkauh iq<hyizek.ks o.kZu dsysys vkgs-

xq:

gs xq:] ro pj.k Ñisu s eyk b’V fyaxkph çkIrh >kyh- rwp b’V fyax]

çk.kfyax] Hkkofyax ;k =Sfyaxkps Kku et d:u fnysl- ‘kMkaxkaps ‘kM~fyaxke/khy lney

vls fØ;k laca/khps Kku rqp d:u fnysl- et f”korÙoke `r iktwu fyaxSD; lk/kfoysl-

gs xq: rw ijekuan &eqDrkaunkph eaxyeqrhZ vkgsl- “kwU; ân;kuankP;k eaMikr dksVh

çHkkaps rst rwp çdVforksl-238

236- inla[;k 01 rs 109

237- v’Vkoj.k] inla[;k 01 rs 144

238- v’Vkoj.k] in 01 rs 50

¼240½

fyax

gs fyaxeqrhZ rw eaxye; vkgsl txkP;k] vkjaHkkps eqG rwp vkgsl- rw fo”oO;kih

vkgsl- fo”okps p{kw] eq[k] ckgw rwp vkgsl- tuu&ej.kkP;k ca/kukP;k ifydMP;k gs

fyaxnsok] HkfDryk HkkGwu rw ekÖ;k djLFkGh tUeykl] rÙo] czãkaM ;kaP;k vfrr

vlwugh “kj.kkP;k HkDrh] Kku] fØ;k bR;knheqGs R;kaP;k gkrh rw lq{e :i /kkj.k

dsysl-239

taxe

vaxP;k dykadqjkauk fyaxkBk;h fu”py dsY;kuarj eaxye; cuysY;k eukyk

taxekph ?kuJs’Brk iVyh- lqKkuHkjhr fØ;k&”kDrh;qDr] taxe] rwt”kj.kw “kj.kkFkhZ

Eg.kwu eh txr vkgs- gs taxe] ro] ewrhZ txkr Hk:u mjyh vkgs- fyax] taxe o eh

vlk Hksnp vkrk mjyk ukgh- fyax taaxe ehp >kyks vkgs-240

iknksnd

iknksnd] fyaxksnd] eTtuksnd] Li”kZuksnd] vo/kkuksnd] vkI;k;uksnd]

gLrksnd] ifj.kkeksnd] fuukZeksnd] lR;ksnd v”kk çdkjs iknksnd Lo:ikarhy ngk Hksn

fu:fiys vkgsr-241

çlkn

xq: çlkn] fyax çlkn] taxe çlkn] çlknkpk çlkn] vkI;kuçlkn]

le;çlkn] iapsafnz;fojfgr çlkn] var%dj.k prq’Vfojfgr çlkn] l/nkoçlkn]

lerkçlkn] Kkuçlkn ;k çdkjs çlkn Lo:ikrhy vdjk Hksn cksf/kys vkgsr-242

foHkwrh

Jh xq: psUucloÑisus fpUukn] fpnfcanw] fpTT;ksrh la;ksxkus] ea=/kkj.ksus

fpnHkflr gksrs- xq::ih gh foHkwrh pj Eg.kfo.kkjh gh foHkwrh] olfyax fpnzi v”kk

foHkwrh; xq: psUuclo..kk ;kauh vkiY;k gkrh ?ksowu ekÖ;k eLrdh/kkj.k dsys- v”kk



241- v’Vkoj.k] inla[;k 106 rs 109


¼241½

foHkwrhl ueks ue% Eg.kwu f=dky /kkj.k d:u f=eyjfgr eh >kyks vkgs-

vR;fr’Vn”kkaxqy Hkflrkl /kkj.k d:u eh eqDr >kyks-243

:nzk{k

fpnze.kkP;k futHkkyk{kkus fuekZ.k >kysY;k :nzk{kkl eh vR;ar HkDrhHkkokus

/kkj.k dfjrks- eukl ekaxY;dj] rukl lq[kfo.kkjs] fou;&çlkn lk/; d:u ns.kkjs

:nzk{k eh /kkj.k djrks- /kkj.k dsY;kus eh ije Hkw:nz >kyks- :nzk{k gs :neq[k tk.kwu]

:nzKkukus rs /kkj.k dsY;kl rksp :nz gksrks-244

ea=

iapk{kjh egkea= lIrdksVh ea=kph ekrk vkgs- rks lxG;k ea=kuk iwT; vkgs-

efgekfUor ifjiw.kZ vkuan vuqHkokps Kku çkIr d:u ns.kkjk vkgs- iapk{kjhps f”korÙo o

Kku laca/k o psUuclo tk.krkr- eyk R;kauh vk:< v”kk fut inkph çkIrh d:u

fnyh- R;k ;ksxs tuu&ej.k&jfgr gksÅu eh fuf”par lq[kh >kyks-245

v”kk çdkjs

fyaxk;r /kekZrhy oSf”k’Viw.kZ ‘kVLFky Kkukpk cks/k Ogkok Eg.kwu Jhfln ~/kjkes”ojkauh

Li’V dsys vkgs-

;k o:u gs fln~/k gksrs dh] fln~/kjkes”ojkaP;k lk/kukrÙokoj clos”oj çf.kr

ohj”kSo fyaxk;r rÙokapk eksBk çHkko tk.korks- fyaxfn{kk ?ks.;kvxksnjps lk/kuk rÙo o

fyaxnh{kk ?ksrY;kuarj ohj”kSo fyaxk;r rÙokpk çHkko R;kaP;koj fuekZ.k >kyk- ek=

dY;k.k Økarhuarj ;k nksUgh rÙokae/;s leUo; >kY;kps Li’V fnlrs-

243- v’Vkoj.k] inla[;k 110 rs 124

244- v’Vkoj.k] inla[;k 125 rs 129

245- v’Vkoj.k] inla[;k 130 rs 144

Documents

mRrj pkyqD;dkyhu “kSo iaFkkrhy fofo/k izokg % ,d fpfdRld vH;kl