Be∏pg Pn√m]©mbØv

\ndhv ˛ 2012

std xaebmfw

Xømdm°nbh¿

Pn. aWn (Kh. hn. F®v. Fkv. BcymSv)

Zneo]v Ipam¿. Sn._n (Pn. Fkv. Fw. Fw Pn. F®v. Fkv. Fkv,

Fkv. F¬.]pcw)

cPnXv Ipam¿. Sn. F≥ ( sP. Fw. F®v. Fkv. tImSpIpf™n )

Ãmen≥ . sI. sP (Kh. F®v. Fkv Ip∏∏pdw )

thWptKm]m¬. _n (sI. sI. sI. hn, Fw. F®v. Fkv s]mØ∏≈n )

ioe. sI. B¿ (sk‚ v tXmakv, Im¿ØnI∏≈n )

tim`\ Ipamcn. sI. F (Un. hn. F®v. Fkv, I≠¶cn )

DamdmWn. sI. F≥ (Kh. F®v. Fkv.Fkv AßmSn°¬ kuØv )

A[ym]I kplrØp°tfmSv,

aebmfw tIcf ]mTmhen, ASnÿm\ ]mTmhen F∂o

]mT]pkvXIßfnse hnhn[ ]mT `mK߃ ASnÿm\am°n Xømdm°nb

]h¿Ø\ßfpw amXrIm tNmZyßfpw aqey\n¿Wb kqNIßfpw \ndhn¬

D¬s∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. ]T\Øn¬ ]nt∂m°w \n¬°p∂ hnZym¿∞nIsf

Is≠Øn, ]Inb _‘nXambn ]h¿Ø\߃ ]q¿Ønbm°phm\pw

aqey\n¿Wb ]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ hnZym¿∞nIsf ]¶mfnIfm°phm\pw \ap°p

Ign -b-Ww. \nd-hn -eqsS amXr`mjbn¬ anI® hnPbw ssIhcn°phm≥

hnZym¿∞nIsf ]m]vXcm°phm≥ Ignbpsa∂v R߃ hnizkn°p∂p.

F√m ][m\m[ym]IcpsSbpw aebmfw A≤ym]I kplrØp°fpsSbpw

AIagn™ klIcWw ]Xo£n®psIm≠v \ndhv ˛ 2012 ka¿∏n°p∂p.

\ndhv ˛ 2012aebmfw

tIcf ]mTmhen

Std x

tIcf ]mTmhen

bqWn‰v 1

Imenemtemew Nneºpambv........

sNdpXmbn√ sNdp∏w \fNcnXw B´°Y DÆmbnhmcy¿

apcn™t∏cow tNmdpw hnZqjI°qØv

B¿ vA‰m°v ˛ Fw apIpµ≥

]h¿Ø\w 1

Dt±iyw : A£c߃ Bh¿Øn®p hcptºmƒ ]ZyØn\v i_vZ`wKn ssIhcp∂p

F∂v Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\v.

]Inb : A≤ym]nI BZym£c]mkw, ZznXobm£c]mkw, A¥ym£c]mkw,

A\p]mkw F∂o i_vZme¶mc߃°v DZmlcWamb ]ZyiIe߃ Nm¿´n¬

]Z¿in∏n°p∂p.

Iev]m¥ ImetØmfw

ImXtc \osb≥ ap∂n¬

I¬lmclmchpambv \n¬°pw

IeymW cq]\mIpw

IÆs‚ Icfns\

Ih¿∂ cm[nIsbt∏mse

kpknXmw_c\mbn, hr≤\mbv

_nkn\o X¥p acoNn tIi\mbn

eknXkvanX\mb NµnIm

`knXkv\mX arKmwK ssIsXmgmw

t]mI ]q¶mhnse∂p ]pXpa[phNt\

henb \n¿_‘w Xh hmgpt∂cw ht\

t]mIm≥ Xs∂tbm h∂q ]q¿tƵp hZt\

Iman\o aute, sNm¬I ImXc\bt\

aZepfnXw arZpefnXw KpWanfnXw

CXpIfnbt√.........

N¿®

Cu ]Zy`mKßfn¬ \n߃ ImWp∂ khntijXIƒ Fs¥√mamWv

A£cßfn¬ Fs¥¶nepw ]tXyIX ImWm≥ Ignbptam

tImUoIcWw

H∂masØ ]ZyØn¬ BZym£cw Bh¿Øn°p∂p.

c≠atØXn¬ Hmtcm hcnbpsSbpw Ahkm\sØ A£cØns‚

Bh¿Ø\w

aq∂mw ]ZyØn¬ Hmtcm hcnbpsSbpw Ahkm\sØA£cØns‚

Bh¿Ø\w

\mematØXn¬ Hmtcm hcnbnepw f F∂ A£cw Bh¿Øn°p∂p.

CXpsIm≠v ]ZyØn\p ssIhcp∂ t\´sa¥mWv.

]mkw ]ZyØn\v i_vZ`wKn \¬Im≥ klmbn°p∂p

a‰v DZmlcW߃ Is≠Øn ]cnNbs∏SpØn Ip´nIƒ°v D≠mb [mcWsb

_es∏SpØmhp∂XmWv.

]h¿Ø\w 2

BkzmZ\°pdn∏v

Dt±iyw : IhnX hmbn®v BkzmZ\w Xømdm°p∂Xn\v

BkzmZ\°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI

A≤ym]nI Nm¿´n¬ IhnXm mKw ]Z¿in∏n°p∂p.

an∂¬s°mSnbndßn a∂nte hcnItbm.?

hn[paWvUeandßn£nXnbnte t]mcpItbm.?

kz¿Æ h¿Æ ama∂w ]d∂nßphcnItbm.?

IÆpIƒ°nXp \√ ]obpj ’cnItbm.?

eLp tNmZyßfneqsS BibØntebv°pw BkzmZ\ LSIßfntebv°pw \bn°p∂p.

. Cu ]Zy mKØns‚ kµ¿`w GXmWv.?

. hn[paWvUew, ]obqj’cnI ChbpsS A¿∞w.?

. Acb∂w ]d∂p hcp∂Xp I≠t∏mƒ Zab¥nbv°v Fs¥√mw kmZriyßfmWv

D≠mbXv.?

. BZyw lwksØ an∂¬s°mSnbmbn kwibn®p. ]n∂oSp

Nµ_nw_ambntØm∂n ]n∂oSmWv kz¿Æ lwkamsW∂p Xncn®dn™Xv

CXn\p ImcWsa¥mhmw.?

. IÆpIƒ°v AarX[mcbmsW∂p ]dbp∂sX¥psIm≠v.?

. i_vZ kuµcyw \¬Im≥ Ihn kzoIcn® am¿§sa¥v.?

tImUoIcnt°≠h :

Zab¥n lwkw ]d∂phcp∂Xv ImWp∂p.

hn[paWvUew = Nµ_nw_w

]obqjQcnI = AarX]hmlw

lwkw hfsc DbcØn¬ \n∂pw ]d∂Sp°ptºmƒ D≠mIp∂ kwib߃

lwkØns‚ kuµcyw kpJap≈ ImgvNbmWv

Hmtcm hcnbpsSbpw Ahkm\sØ A£cßfpsS kam\X

N¿®bn¬ cq]wsIm≠ BibßfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ BkzmZ\°pdn∏v Xømdm°m≥

\n¿t±in°p∂p.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

.]Zy`mKØns‚ kµ¿`w Bibw

.BkzmZ\]camb LSI߃

.DNnXamb mjbn¬ Bhnjv°cn°¬

]h¿Ø\w 3

XmcXay°pdn∏v

Dt±iyw : ]mT`mK߃ hniIe\w sNbvXv kz¥amb \nKa\߃

FØnt®cp∂Xn\v \∂y√ Fs‚ cknIXzw CjvSs∏´nt´m Ft¥m At±lØns‚

tkhIcnsemcmfmbn Fs∂ \nban®p. ]n∂nhnsSmcp Xmak≠mbn´p≠v Aøm, tX®Ipfn,

NXp¿hn[t`mPyckßtfmSpw IqSnb £Ww, kpJamb Dd°w, t\cwt]m°p ]dbev

Cß\ßvSv Ignbm≥ XpSßn

˛ KZy`mKw hniIe\w sNbvXv CXnse kmaqlnI hna¿i\sØ kaImenI

PohnXhpambn _‘s∏SpØn XmcXay°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

]Inb :

KZy`mKw ct≠m aqt∂m XhW hmbn°phm≥ A≤ym]nI \n¿t±in°p∂p.

N¿®

BcmWv Cßs\ A`n]mbs∏Sp∂Xv ?

BcpsS tkhI\mbn´mWv hnZqjI≥ \nbanX\mbXv.?

AbmfpsS ap≥]p≈ Ahÿ Fßs\bmbncp∂p.?

cmPtkhI\mbt∏mƒ Fs¥√mw t\´ßfp≠mbn.?

CXnepsS hnZqjI≥ ]cnlmkambn [z\n∏n°p∂sX¥v.?

C∂sØ kmaqlnImhÿbn¬ Cu ]cnlmkØn\v Fs¥¶nepw _‘apt≠m.?

tImUoIcWw

Iufin\y≥ F∂ hnZqjI≥

[¿Ω]pX almcmPmhns‚ tkhI≥

IjvS∏mSpIƒ Xo¿∂p. tX®pIpfn®pw

`£Ww Ign®pw Ddßnbpw t\ctºm°p ]d™pw kpJambn Pohn°m≥

Ign™p

ISaIfpw DØchmZnXzßfpw ad∂v cmPtkhI ]Zhnbn¬ kpJn®p

Pohn°pIbmWv AbmfpsS e£yw

C∂pw sXmgnen√msX IjvSs∏Sp∂h¿°v k¿°m¿ tPmentbm at‰m e`n®m¬

hnZqjIs‚ at\m`mhamWv D≠mIp∂Xv

N¿®bn¬ cq]s∏´p h∂ BibßfpsS [mcWbn¬ XmcXay°pdn∏p Xømdm°m≥

\n¿t±in°p∂p. (Kp∏p Xe ]h¿Ø\hpw BImw )

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃ :˛

.hnZqjIs‚ A`n]mbØnse Bibw Kln®n´p≠v.

.kaImenI tkh\ taJebpsS Po¿Æ apJw Xncn®dn™n´p≠v.

.c≠p kmaqlnImhÿItfbpw DNnXambn _‘n∏n®n´p≠v

]h¿Ø\w 4

hniIe\°pdn∏v

Dt±iyw : ]mT mKw hniIe\w sNbvX \nKa\ßfn¬ FØp∂Xn\v.

]kvXmh\bpsS s]mcp¬ Is≠Øn hniIe\°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

Itø‰°m¿°mWt√m C∂p ÿm\w

apcn™t∏cow tNmdpw F∂ ]mT`mKØnse hnZqjIs‚ Cu A`n]mbw B¿ v A‰m°v

F∂ IYbnse inhcmas‚ PohnXhpambn Fßs\ _‘s∏´ncn°p∂p.

N¿®

tNmZyØns‚ [z\ymflIYbnteb°v Ip´nIsf \bn°m≥ ]mIØn¬ eLptNmZy߃

tNmZn°p∂p.

.GsX√mw XcØnep≈ Itø‰ßfmWv C∂p kaplØn¬ \S°p∂Xv.?

.CXn¬ inhcmas‚ PohnXØn\p t\sc D≠mb Itø‰taXmWv.?

.Bscms°bmWv AbmfpsS PohnXØn¬ Itø‰w \SØnbXv.?

.AXns‚ A\¥c^ew F¥mbncp∂p.?

tImUoIcWw

cmPy߃°pta¬, `mjIƒ°pta¬ ]IrXn hn`h߃°pta¬,

a\pjymhImi߃°pta¬ Hs° Itø‰w D≠mIp∂p.

. inhcma≥ t\cn´Xv a\pjymhImiØn\p t\scbp≈ Itø‰amWv

. KncncmP≥, chn`qj¨, Po≥kn´ s]¨Ip´n Chsc√mw

. Xs‚ sXmgn¬ Abmƒ°p \jvSs∏´p. Itø‰°m¿ AXv ]nSns®SpØp.

Cu kqN\Isf hnIkn∏n®v hniIe\°pdn∏v Xømdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°mw. Kp∏n¬

Xømdm°nb hniIe\°pdn∏pIƒ s]mXp AhXcWØnepsSbpw N¿®bnepsSbpw

sa®s∏SpØm≥ \n¿t±in°mw.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

]kvXmh\bpsS s]mcpƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v

]kvXmh\bpw inhcmas‚ PohnXhpambp≈ _‘w Xncn®dn™n´p≠v.

Chsb XΩn¬ DNnXamb mjbn¬ bp‡n ]p¿∆w _‘n∏n®n´p≠v

]h¿Ø\w 5

D]\ymkw

Dt±iyw : IYIƒ hmbn®v BkzZn°p∂Xn\pw khntijXIƒ hniIe\w sNbvXp

eLp D]\ymk cN\ \n¿∆ln°p∂Xn\v . ]pXnb ImeL´Øns‚

]tXyIXIƒ°\pkcn®v kzbw amdm≥ XømdmImØXmWv B¿´v A‰m°v F∂

IYbnse inhcmas‚ ]cmPbØn\pImcWw Cu ]kvXmh\ inhcmas‚

PohnXmhÿIfpambn _‘s∏SpØn ka¿∞n°pI.

]Inb

A≤ym]nI B¿´v A‰m°v F∂ IYbnse inhcma≥ F∂ IYm]mXØns‚

PohnXmhÿbnteb°p IS°phm≥ eLp tNmZy߃ tNmZn°p∂p.

.B¿´v A‰m°v F∂ IYbpsS ]tabsa¥v.?

.IetbmSp≈ inhcmas‚ at\m`mhw

.]Xÿm]\Øn¬ inhcma≥ t\cnSp∂ sh√phnfnIƒ

.ÿm]\Øn¬ h∂ am‰ßƒ Fs¥√mw.?

.inhcma\v tPmen \jvSs∏Sphm\p≠mb kmlNcyw

tImUoIcWw :

.Iesb I®hSh¬°cn°p∂ ]pXnb ImeL´w

.P\]nb IebpsS ]pdsI t]mImsX bYm¿∞ Iesb kvt\ln°p∂ Iem

\ncq]I≥

.I®hS e£ytØmsS ]h¿Øn°p∂ FUn‰¿, ]pXnb FgpØpIm¿, IpSpw_

PohnXØns‚ ]cm[o\X

.Iw]yq´¿ hev°cWw, Fb¿ I≠oj\nßv P\]nb Iemcq]amb

^mj≥ tjmbv°v IhtdPv \¬Im≥ hnkΩXn®Xv.

Cu kqN\Isf ASnÿm\am°n eLp D]\ymkw Xømdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

AhXcWw

sa®s∏Spج

D]\ymkØn\v BapJw, A]KY\w, D]kwlmcw F∂o L´ßƒ D≠mhWw DNnX

amb io¿jIhpw \¬IWw.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

.IYbpsS ]tabw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v

.inhcmas‚ PohnXmhÿIsf Is≠Øn hniZoIcn®n´p≠v

.D]\ymkØns‚ LS\ ]men®n´p≠v

.DNnXamb mjbn¬ AhXcWw \n¿∆ln®n´p≠v.

bqWn‰v 2 CcpNndIpIsfmcpabneßs\

]mT`mK߃

Chƒ°pamXambv kpKXIpamcn

kmlnXyØnsekvXo tPmk^v ap≠t»cn

bmXmsamgn Ipamc\mim≥

]h¿Ø\w 1

hniIe\°pdn∏v

e£yw kvXobpsS PohnXmhÿIƒ AdnbpI

hniIe\°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

cmXn agtbmSp Rm≥ ]dbs´

\ns‚ timImZamw kwKoX adnbp∂p Rm≥

Ccp´n¬ X\n®p≈ hchpw

tXßn°c®nepw

]pecnsbØptºmƒ apJwIp\n®p≈

XnSp°hpw \mSyhpw Rm\dnbpw

Adnbp∂sX¥psIms≠t∂m kJo

Rm\panXpt]mse, cmXnagt]mse

(cmXnag kpKXIpamcn)

Chƒ ssZhØn\pw apIfn¬ kvt\lsØ CcpØn∏qPnt∏mƒ, Chƒ ImeØns‚

Icßfn¬ amXw kamizkn°pthmƒ

(Chƒ°pamXambv kpKXIpamcn)

apIfn¬ sImSpØncn°p∂ c≠p Imhy`mKßfpw ]cntim[n®v ka-Im-enI kw -h-ß-

fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ kvXobpsS ]iv\߃ hniIe\w sNbvXv Ipdn∏v Xømdm°pI

?

(kvtIm¿ ˛ 6)

]InbIƒ

IhnXm`m-K-߃ Nm¿´n¬ ]Z¿in∏n°p∂p

IpSpw_Øn¬, kaqlØn¬ kvXo hln°p∂ ]¶v N¿®

IhnX mhmflIambn hmbn°p∂p

cmXnagbpsS BZy`mKw AhXcn∏n®v Imhy`mKsØ Bibw N¿®

sNøp∂p.

eLp tNmZy߃ D∂bn°p∂p

1. ]`mXØn¬ DW¿∂v ]cn`han√msX £Ww Hcp°p∂ AΩbpsS ]iv\߃

\n߃ Nn¥n°mdpt≠m ?

2. ho´p tPmen-I-fn¬ AΩtbmsSm∏w A—\pw klIcn°mdpt≠m ?

3. \n߃ AΩsb klmbn°mdpt≠m ?

IpSpw_Øn¬ ]ckv]c klIcWw A\nhmcyamWv F∂ t_m[w Ip´nbn¬

P\n°p∂ DØc߃ ]Xo£n°Ww.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

.Imhy`mKßfpsS Bibw Kln®n´p≠v ˛ 2

.BibØns‚ kaImeo\ ]k‡n ˛ 1

.BibIaoIcWw ˛ 2

.DNnXamb `mj ˛ 1

.BsI kvtIm¿ 6

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 2 FUnt‰mdnb¬

e£yw : -- - ˛ kaImeo\ kaqlØn¬ kvXo t\cnSp∂

Ac£nXmhÿsb°pdn®dnbp∂Xn\v.

. dbn¬∏mfØn¬ bphXn ZmcpWambn sIm√s∏´ \nebn¬

. tPmenIgn™v aSßnb bphXn ]oV\Øn\ncbmbn sIm√s∏´p

. ssZhØns‚ kz¥w \m´n¬ _wKmfn bphXn hben¬ sh®v

Iqcambn ]oVn∏n°s∏´p.

]X-hm¿Ø-Iƒ

apIfn¬ sImSpØncn°p∂ hm¿ØbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ kvXoIfpsS

Ac£nXmhÿsb°pdn®v FUnt‰mdnb¬ Xømdm°pI.

(kvtIm¿ ˛ 6)

]InbIƒ

hm¿ØIfn¬ ]cma¿in°p∂ hnjb߃°v B[mcamb kw`h߃

Ip´nIƒ ]dbs´

F¥psIm≠v km£ctIcfØnepw CØcw kw`h߃ Bh¿Øn°p

∂p ? ˛ N¿®

F¥mWv ]cnlmcw ?

FUnt‰mdnb¬ Fßs\ Xømdm°mw? DZmlcW߃ Nq≠n°m´n

A≤ym]nI hniZoIcn°p∂p.

io¿jIw D≠mhWw

]iv\m-h-X-cWw

]iv\ hni-I-e\w

]cnlmc \n¿t±itØmsS D]kwlcw.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

1. hnjbhpambn _‘s∏Sv Bib߃ Is≠Øn 2

bp‡n]q¿∆w DZmlcWklnXw \nco£Ww AhXcn∏n®p 2

i‡amb `mj ˛ 1

LS\ (io¿jIw, BapJw, Bibw, D]kwlmcw) 1

]h¿Ø\w - 3

kzm`n]mbw hy‡am°pI

e£yw Ip´nbpsS at\m`mhw Xncn®dnbp∂-Xn\v

Ahƒ

AΩbmbXpsIm≠v

]mXncmXn Ign™v DdßpIbpw

t\cw ]c]cmshfp°p∂Xn\v apºv

Fgpt∂¬°pIbpw thWw

Ah≥

A—\mbXpsIm≠v

hfsc t\ctØ Iq¿°w hen®v DdßpIbpw

£oWw Xo¿°m≥ H∂pIqSn abßpIbpw thWw

(A—\pw AΩbpw at\mPv)

kaqlw, A—\pw AΩbpw F∂ IhnXbn¬ hnhcn® coXnbnemhp∂Xv PohnX

]ptcmKXnbv°v tbmPn®XmtWm ? kzm`n]mbw hy‡am°pI

(kvt°m¿ ˛ 4)

]Inb

IhnX -> N¿® > hniIe\w > tImUoIcWw

aqey\n¿Æb kqNIw

Bibm]KY\w 1

D≈S°w ˛ 1

\nco£Ww ]mShw ˛ 1

`mj ˛ 1/4

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 4 ]`mjWw

e£yw kmlnXyØn¬ kvXobv°v al\obÿm\w e`n®n´p≠v F∂v Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\v.

kmlnXyØnse kvXo F∂ ]mT`mKsØ Bkv]Zam°n kmlnXyØnse kvXo

IYm]mXßfpsS ÿm\w F∂ hnjbsØ°pdn®v ]`mjWw Xømdm°pI ?

(kvt°m¿ ˛ 6)

]Inb

CXnlmkßfn¬ (cmambWw, mcXw, CenbUv, HUn n) ]cma¿in°p∂

kvXoIfpsS t]cpIƒ ]cma¿in®v eLphnhcWw.

ImfnZmkIrXnIfn¬ (D¿∆in, iIp¥f, amfhnI) ]cma¿in°p∂ kvXoIƒ

tjIvkv]nb¿ \mSIßfn¬ (HYt√m, amIv_Øv, Pqenb v ko ¿)

t\mhepIfn¬ (am¿ØmWvU h¿Ω, CµpteJ)

Imhyßfn¬ (IcpW, \fn\n, eoe, Nn¥mhnjvSbmb koX)

aqey\n¿Æb kqNIw

]`mjWØns‚ LS\ ˛ 1

BibIaoIcWw ˛ 2

D≈S°w ˛ 2

DNnXamb mj ˛ 1

]h¿Ø\w 5 ]XnIcW°pdn∏v

e£yw ˛ IhnIfpsS A`n]mb߃ kz¥w Img vN∏mSn¬ ]cntim[n®v

]XnIcn°p∂Xn\v.

. IÆp\o¿Øp≈nsb kvXotbmSp]an® Imhy mht\

(hbem¿)

. A¶pian√mØ Nm]eyta a∂n¬

AwK\sb∂p hnfn°p∂p \ns∂ Rm≥

(tjIvkv]nb¿) hnh¿Ø\w (Nߺpg)

. v\mcnIƒ, \mcnIƒ hnizhn]Øns‚

\mcmb thcpIƒ

(Nߺpg)

apIfn¬ sImSpØncn°p∂ ImhyiIe߃ ]cntim[n®v kvXosb°pdn®p≈ ]ikvX

IhnIfpsS A`n]mbßtfmSv ]XnIcn°pI.

]Inb

hcnIƒ Nm¿´n¬ ]Z¿in∏n°p∂p.

Bibw hniIe\w sNøp∂p.

kvXo N]ebpw A_ebpw hn]ØpamtWm.? N¿®

kaplØn¬ GsX√mw cwKßfnƒ kvXo Xs‚ km\n[yw Adnbn®n´p≠v.?

F√m cwKØpw ]pcpjs\t∏mse ]mXn\n[yw kvXo°pant√.?

DZmlcW klnXw ]XnIcn°m≥ Ahkcw Hcp°p∂p.

aqey\n¿ÆbkqNIw

.ImhyiIeßfpsS Bibw hni-I-e\w sNbvXn- p≠v 2

.\ocn£W߃ Is≠Øn ka¿∞n®n´p≠v ˛ 2

.DNnXamb `mjbn¬ cN\ ˛ 2/.6

- - -

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 6 XmcXay°pdn∏v

kmaqly ]ptcm-K-Xn°v kvXo ]pcpj ka-Xz-Øns‚ ]k‡n Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\pw

kzm`n-]mbw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw

]nbcmLhm! hµ\w hm

\pbcp∂p pPimJhn´p Rm≥

`ba‰p ]d∂p t]mbnSmw

kzbatZymhnsemcmibwhn\m

]£nsbt∏mse

]d∂pbcm≥ BKln°pIbmWv koX.

C]Imcw kzX¥ambn H‰°p ]d∂pb¿∂m¬

kvXn kzX-¥-bm-hptam

kmaqly ]ptcm-K-Xn-°m-hiyw kvXo]p-cpj ka-Xz-a-t√ ?

hcnIfpsS Bibw ,˛ N¿®

kvXo ]pcpj ka-Xzw- N¿®

aqey\n¿ÆbkqNIw

hcnbpsS Bibw Is≠Øn ˛ 2

kzm`n-]mbw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n- p-≠v˛ 1

DNnXamb `mj ˛ 1

]h¿Ø\w 7

Ipdn∏v Xømdm°pI

]nbcmLhm! , AP]uX ! XpSßnb kwt_m[\Iƒ Imhy mKØn\p \¬Ip∂

`mhkuµcysa¥msW∂p ]cntim[n®v Ipdn∏v Xømdm°pI .?

(kvtIm¿ ˛ 4)

]Inb

. koXbpsS a\ n¬ Pzen°p∂ kvt\lØns‚ Bgw ˛ N¿®

. ITn\amb ]co£W߃°p hnt[bbm°s∏´n´pw Ipeh[phmb koXbpsS

a\ ns‚ \∑.

. ]kXpX kµ¿`Øn¬ APs\ kvacn°p∂Xns‚ i‡nbpw HuNXyhpw.

. km[mcW kvXoIfn¬ \n∂v koXsb hyXykvXbm°p∂ LSI߃ Fs¥√mw.?

aqey\n¿ÆbkqNIw

Imhykµ¿`w Xncn®dn™n´p≠v 1

`mhkuµcyw hyIvvXam-°n-bn- p≠v 2

DNnXamb mj ˛ 1

4

bqWn‰v ˛ 3

Aim¥n]¿∆߃°∏pdw

Km‘mco hnem]w ˛ FgpØ®≥

]´mf°mc≥ ˛ XIgn inhi¶c]n≈

A¿Pp\ hnjmZtbmKw Ip´nIrjWamcm¿

]h¿Ø\w 1

BapJ ]`mjWw Xømdm°pI.

e£yw

1 bp≤߃ a\pjy hwiØns‚ \ne\n¬∏n\p Xs∂ ojWnbmWv

2 kvt\lhpw klIcWhpamWv B\µIcamb PohnXØn\mhiyw

]]¿Ø\Iaw Aim¥n ]¿∆߃°∏pdw F∂ bqWn‰ns\ s]mXphmbn hniIe\w

sNbvXpsIm≠v N¿®.

tImUoIcWw

.bp≤w k¿∆\miIamWv

.PohnXsØ ]n∂m°w

.sIm≠pt]mIp∂p.

.im¥n hnXbv°p∂p

bp≤w a\pjyhwiØn\v `ojWnbmsW∂ t_m[w Ip´nIfnep≠m°p∂Xn\v

Bhiyamb tNmZyßfneqsS ]h¿Ø\ßfnte°v IS°p∂p.

Imhn¬D’hambncp∂p .Iq´pImsc√mhcpw]pØ\pSp∏n´ v

A®\ΩamtcmsSm∏w \S∂pt]mIp∂Xp I≠t∏mƒ h√msX BKln®p. Ahsct∏mse

t]mIm≥ AΩsb \n¿_‘n®p. XohhmZn BIaWØn¬ hocNcaw ]m]n® A®s‚

NnXØn¬ t\m°n IÆoscmgp°nb AΩsb I≠t∏mƒ H∂pw th≠mbncp∂psh∂v

tXm∂n. taen¬ AΩsb \n¿_‘n°n√

A\nXbpsS Ubdn°pdn∏v hmbn®t√m.? CXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ kvIpfn¬

\SØp∂ bp≤hncq≤ Zn\mNcWØn\v BapJ ]`mjWw Xømdm°pI.

(kvtIm¿ ˛8) (kabw ˛ 15 an\n‰v)

aqey\n¿ÆbkqNI߃

Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

\nKa\߃ cq]oIcn®n´p≠v ˛ 2

A\ptbmPyamb mjmssien, LS\ 2

]h¿Ø\w eLpteJ Xbmdm°¬

]T\kmaKn ˛ Km‘mcohnem]w ˛ FgpØ-—≥

\mkm°nbnse Ipcniv ˛ hb-em¿

]h¿Ø\w

Ipcpt£X bp≤ `qanbnse Zp:JIcamb cwK߃ ]mT`mKØns‚

ASnÿm\Øn¬ N¿® sNøp∂p.

AXn\v D]bp‡amb tNmZy߃ Kp∏n¬ tNmZn°p∂p ˛ Ip´nIƒ Bib߃

AhXcn∏n°p∂p.

(s]mXphmb AhXcWw )

XpS¿∂ \mkm°nbnse Ipcniv F∂ IhnXbpsS hmb\ Bibw Kln°p∂p.

N¿® s]mXpAhXcWw tImUoIcWw

bp≤w oIcamb hn]ØmsW∂ t_m[w Ip´nIfnep≠m°p∂p.

.ap≈mWnIfn¬ \n∂pancp∂qtdmfw \q‰m≠p˛

≈neotemIw t_mw_nseØnb IYtbm¿s°

sR´pIbmhpw ssIIƒ NIhmfØn¬ Nq≠n

I´sI´nb ]pIa™neo IpcnipIƒ

(\mKkm°nbnse Ipcniv ˛ hbem¿ )

.I√psImt≠m a\w XmhIamInse˛

°√n\pamZXbp≠nXp ImWptºmƒ

(io alm`mcXw Infn∏m´v )

bp≤Øns‚ oIcXsb°pdn®v ta¬ kqNn∏n® hcnIfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ eLpteJ

Xømdm°pI

(kvtIm¿ 6) kabw 12 an\n‰v

kqNI߃

.Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v 2

.\nKa\߃ cq]oIcn®n´p≠v 2

.A\ptbmPyamb mjssien, LS\ 2

]h¿Ø\w apJ]kwKw Xbmdm°¬

e£yw bp≤߃s°Xnsc a\pjya\ m£nsb DW¿ØpI bp≤w k¿∆\miamWv

hcpØnØo¿°p∂Xv. bp≤w BXy¥nIambn kvXoItfbpw Ip´nItfbpamWv

_m[n°p∂Xv F∂ Nn¥ hf¿Øp-I.

]h¿Ø\Iaw : Km‘mcn hnem]w F∂ IhnX hmbn°p∂p ]tabw N¿® sNøp∂p.

Km‘mcnbpsS hnem]w tIhea√ ImetZi߃°XoXambn kvXobpsS ZpxJamWv

F∂ BibØntes°Ø°coXnbnep≈ tNmZyßfneqsS ]mT`mKw IS∂pt]mIp∂p.

XpS¿∂v A¿÷p\ hnjmZtbmKØn¬ amcm¿ bp≤w hcpØnshbv°p∂ hn\Isf

Fßs\ hc®pIm´p∂p F∂v N¿®sNøp∂p.

ta¬ N¿®IfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬

bp≤w k¿∆\miamWv

AXn\m¬ AXv Hgnhmt°≠XmWv

F∂ BibØnseØnt®cp∂p.

XpS¿∂v

]h¿Ø\w \¬Ip∂p

DÆo; aIt\ Zpcntbm[\; Xh

s]m∂n≥ IncoShpw qjWPmehpw

Dº¿tIms\msØmcp hºpw ]Xm]hpw

Kw`ocamsbmcp mhhpw wKnbpw

C´pw If™pSs\s∂bpw FXbpw

anjvSamboSpw ]nXmhns\Øs∂bpw

s]s´∂pt]£n®p s]mbvs°m≠sXßp \o ?

s]m´p∂nsX∑\w I≠nsX√matlm !

(ioalm`mcXw Infn∏m v)

Aßs\ hnPbn®cpfp∂ A¿÷p\s‚ ASp°tebv°Xm, s]cpapsd Ic™pwsIm≠v

Hcp kvXo hcp∂p. Zp»f, \q‰phcpsS GIktlmZcn. AhfpsS ssIbn¬ Hcp ]n©p

Ip´nbpap≠v. AhfpsS t]c°p´n, kpcYs‚ koa¥ ]pX≥. A¿÷p\≥ hn√p sh®v

ssZ\yØm¬ XeIp\n®v ktlmZcntbmSv F¥pthWsa∂v tNmZn®p. Ahƒ Xs‚ ]n©p

ss]Xen\v apØ—\pw A—\pw acn®pt]mb B A\mYmflmhn\v A`bw bmNn∏m≥

h∂ncn°pIbmWv.

(`mcX]cyS\w)

bp≤s°SpXnbpsS c≠p hnhcWßfmWv ta¬ sImSpØncn°p∂Xv ChbpsS

klmbØm¬ bp≤w Hgnhmt°≠Xns‚ BhiyIXsb°pdn®v apJ]kwKw

Xømdm°pI.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

Bibw Dƒs°m≠n´p≠v 2

\nKa\߃ cq]s∏SpØnbn´p≠v 2

bp‡nklambn ka¿∞n®n´p≠v 1

`mjmssien D≠v 1

]h¿Ø\w : kam\Xmfw Is≠ØpI

e£yw: IhnXbpsS Xmfw Is≠Øp∂Xn\v

˛ kmay˛ hyXym-k-߃ Is≠Øm\p≈ Ignhv

˛ t\Snb Bib߃ D]tbmKn®v Xcw Xncn°m\p≈ Ignhv

kmaKn :˛ hnhn[ XmfØnep≈ IhnXm`mK߃

]h¿Ø\Iaw : IhnXm`mK߃ Ip´nIfn¬ Nnescs°m≠v XmfmflIambn

sNm√n°p∂p.

Chbv°v Hmtcm∂n\pw D≈ hyXykvX XmfmflIX Ip´nIƒ Is≠Øp∂p.

IhnXbv°v ]e Xmfap≠v F∂ BibØn¬ Ip´nIƒ FØnt®cp∂p

AhbpsS kmayhyXymk߃ Xncn®dnbp∂p.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 2

kabw 2 an\n‰v

kam\Xmfw Is≠ØpI

1. \√acXI°√nt\msSmsØmcp

I√ymWcq]≥ Ipamc≥ at\mlc≥

2. thjkwKXntbmSp tNÀs¶mcp mjthWasX¦ntem tijapÅ P\¯n\pw

]cntXmjsa¶p hcpZrVw

3. C¼taäpa¨ncn NnXdn¡nS¡p¶n þ

X¼e¸pgbpsS ]©mcaWen¦Â

4. IpSn¨mse´pÅp Ipdsh\n¡p®o

IpSn¨paq¡äw IpSn¨p Rm³ ]t£

aqey\nÀ®b kqNI§Ä

kam\Xmfw Xncn¨dnªn«p- v þ2

]hÀ¯\w : ]pd´mÄ Ipdn¸v X¿mdm¡pI

e£yw :þ Hcp IrXn hmbn¨v BkzZn¡p¶Xn\v

AhbpsS ta·IÄ Is-¯p¶Xn\v

kmaKn :þ Ip«n¡rjvWamcmcpsS `mcX]cyS\w

]hÀ¯\Iaw :þ

AÀÖp\ hnjmZtbmKw F¶ ]mT`mK¯n\v Du¶Â \ÂIn BJym\ssien,

]Xn]mZyhnjbw, DÅS¡¯nsâ ][m\yw, PohnX ho£Ww, IrXnbpsS kmaqlnI

]kàn XpS§nbh kaKambn NÀ¨ sNbvXv \nKa\¯nse¯p¶p.

tImUoIcWw :

tIheamb bp²hnhcWaÃ: bp²w hcp¯nshbv¡p¶ hn\IÄ kaql

a\xkm£nbnse¯n¡p¶p. amcmcpsS khntij BJym\ssien.

AXpt]mse IrXnbnse CXc teJ\§sf¡pdn¨pw NÀ¨ sNbvXv Sn

]hÀ¯\w ]qÀ¯nbm¡p¶p.

XpSÀ¶v ]hÀ¯\w FgpXn Kq¸n AhXcn¸n¡p¶p. t]mcmbvaIÄ

Is-¯n Iq«nt¨À¡epIÄ \S¯p¶p.

. mcX]cyS\w F¶ IrXnbpsS ]pXnb ]Xn¸v ]kn²oIcn¡p¶Xn\mhiyamb

]pd´mÄ Ipdn v X¿mdm¡pI.

kqNI§Ä

]pkvX-I- nsâ DÅ-S¡w

]Xn-]m-Zn -¨n -«p - - vþ 2

DNn-X-amb mjþ1

LS\ þ 1

]hÀ¯\w : ]«nIs¸Sp¯Â

e£yw : hnhn[ kmlnXycq]§Ä, kmlnXyImc·mÀ, IrXnIÄ

Ch a\Ênem¡p¶Xn\v

]hÀ¯\Iaw : hnhn[ IrXnIÄ, kmlnXyImc·mÀ, ]Øm\§Ä

Chsb¡pdn¨pÅ ap³[mcWIsf¡pdn¨v NÀ¨

NÀ¨bpsS ASnØm\¯n tImUoIcWw.

IY, IhnX, t\mh¬, BflIY Ch Xncn®dnb¬, kmlnXyImc∑msc Xncn®dnb¬.

XpS¿∂v

]h¿Ø\w \¬Ip∂p ]´nIs∏Spج

t\mh¬, Infn∏m v, tImhne≥, \ncq]Ww, tXm‰n√, B≥^m¶v, \mSIw, BflIY,

X´Iw, `mcX]cyS\w, sshtem∏n≈n, XIgn, FgpØ—≥, B≥^m¶ns‚

Ubdn°pdn∏pIƒ, Ip´n°rjvWamcm¿.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃ :˛

A\ptbmPyambh ]´n-I-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≠v 2

]´nIs∏SpØpI

t\mh¬, Infn∏m v, alm`mcXw, tImhne≥, \ncq]Ww, tXm‰n√,B≥^m¶v, \mSIw,

BflIY, X´Iw, `mcX]cyS\w, sshtem∏n≈n, XIgn, FgpØ—≥, B≥^m¶ns‚

Ubdn°pdn∏pIƒ, Ip´n°rjvWamcm¿.

kqNI߃ :˛

A\ptbmPyambh tN¿sØgpXnbn´p≠v.˛2

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃ A\zmJym\coXn ]men®n´p≠v.

]h¿Ø\w : ˛ PohNcnX°pdn∏v Xømdm°¬

e£yw ˛ Hcp hy‡nsb°pdn®v Kln® hkvXpXIƒ Nn´bmbn IaoIcn°p∂Xn\v

PohNcnX°pdn∏v cNn°p∂Xn\v.

Nn¥m]Inb ˛ ImcyImcW _‘߃ Hcp kµ¿`Øn¬ Is≠Øm\p≈ Ignhv

t\Snb Bib߃ D]tbmKn®v Xcw Xncn°m\p≈ Ignhv

kmaKn : - XIgn inhi¶c∏n≈.F∂ kmlXyImcs\ kw_‘n® hnhc߃

]h¿Ø\Iaw : ˛ ]´mf°mc≥ F∂ IYbpsS cNbnXmhv˛Bcv ˛ At±lØns‚

IrXnIƒ PohnXImew , e`n® Ahm¿UpIƒ, kmlXycN\bpsS khntijXIƒ

XpSßn Hcp kmlXyImc≥ , hy‡n, F∂o \neIfn¬ IYmIrØns\°pdn®v kaKamb

N¿®bv°p kmlNcyw Hcp°p∂p. XpS¿∂v N¿®bpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ Ipdn∏v

Xbmdm°p∂p˛ sa®s∏´h AhXcn∏n°p∂p. AXn¬ \n∂pw PohNcnX°pdn∏v

Xbmdm°¬ F∂ ]Inb ]q¿ØoIcn°p∂p.

PohNcnX°pdn∏v Xbmdm°pI

XIgn inhi¶c∏n≈ (1912 ˛ 1999 )

Be∏pg Pn√bnse XIgnbn¬ P\n®p.

h°o¬

IrXnIƒ sNΩo≥, c≠nSßgn, GWn∏SnIƒ, tXm´nbpsS aI≥

tIµ ˛ tIcf kmlXy A°mUan Ahm¿UpIƒ

PRm\]oTw tPXmhv

Ip´\mSns‚ CXnlmkImc≥

]h¿Ø\w kzm`n-]mbw Fgp-XpI

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

hy‡-am-b hy‡n NcnXw 2

LS\ 1

DNn-X-amb `mj ˛1

sIm√msX sIm≈m™sX¥h≥ Xs∂ \o

sIm√n°btX \n\°p cksatSm

ta¬hcnIƒ ImetZi߃°XoXambn F√m°mesØbpw bp≤s°mXnb∑mcmb

t\Xm°∑msc°pdn®mWv ka¿∞n°pI.

kqNI߃

Bibw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n- p≠v 2

hni-I-e\w sNbvXn- p≠v 1

DNn-X-amb mj 1

]h¿Ø\w D]\ymkw Xbmdm°pI.

e£yw : bp≤w hcpØnshbv°p∂ hn\Isf°pdn®v Ip´nIsf t_m[ys∏SpØpI.

bp≤Øns‚ ^ew k¿∆\miamWv

]T\kmaKn : Km‘mcohnem]w

]h¿Ø\Iaw : ˛ Km‘mcohnem]w F∂ IhnXbpsS ]tabw ˛ Ip´nIƒ Ipdn∏v

Xbmdm°p∂p. Xbmdm°nb Ipdn∏pIƒ Kp∏n¬ AhXcn∏n°p∂p.sa®s∏´h

s]mXphmbn AhXcn∏n°p∂p.

bp≤w hcpØn hbv°p∂ kmaqly ]iv-\-߃ F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ D]-\ymkw Xøm-dm-

°p-I.

kqNI߃

bp≤hoc∑mcpsS hy‡nXz߃

FSpØp ]dbp∂p

Ah¿ D‰h¿°v FX ]nbs∏´XmWv

AhcpsS acWw F√mhscbpw Xf¿Øp∂p.

........bp≤w Nne¿°v lnXIcamWv

F¶neqw k¿∆\miw hnXbv°p∂ bp≤w

Hgnhm°Ww ˛

t\Xm°∑m¿ kam-[m-\-]-c-ambn ]iv\߃ ]cnlcn°Ww

F∂ BibØnte°v Ip´nIƒ FØn-t®-cp-hm≥ i≤n°Ww.

XpS¿∂v Bib߃ Iq´nt®¿t°≠h tN¿Øv D]\ymkw Xøm-dm-°p-∂p.

`mKw : 4

Imbn≥t]cn¬ ]qaXn°pthm¿

hn≠ImeSnIƒ ˛ ]n. `mk°c≥

DXp∏ms‚ InW¿ ˛ Imcq¿ \oeI≠∏n≈

ASpØp¨ ˛ A°nØw

ISens‚ h°Øv Hcp hoSv ˛ am[hn°p´n

]T\]h¿Ø\߃

Dt±iyw : IrXnIƒ hmbn®mkzZn°p∂Xn\pw khntijXIƒ hniIe\w sNbvX

Ipdn∏pIƒ Xømdm°p∂Xn\pw

1 ]h¿Ø\w : ]XnIcW°pdn∏v Xbmdm°¬

]T\kmaKn : hn≠ImeSnI¬ - IhnX

]h¿Ø\Iaw

]n. `mk°cs‚ hn≠ImeSnIƒ IhnX hmb\

AhXcWw

Xmsg∏dbp∂ tNmZyßfp∂bn®p N¿®.

1. tUmIvSsd NnXoIcn°ptºmƒ Ihn D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂ hm°pIƒ

Fs¥ms°bmWv.?

2. CØcw ]Z߃ Ihn t_m[]q¿∆w D]tbmKn®Xn\p≈ ImcWsa¥v.?

3. B ]Z߃ GsX¶neqw kwkv°mcØns‚ kqN\bmtWm.?

Ip´nIfpsS A`n]mb߃ t_m¿Un¬ Ipdn°p∂p.

s]mXp N¿® A[ym]I≥ tImUoIcn°p∂p.

]©\£X tlm´ens‚ ]uVn ]mdp∂ kzo‰v, e©v, en^‰v, tkmIvkv, jqkv,

XpSßnb ]ZßfmWv tUmIvSsd NnXoIcn®t∏mƒ Ihn t_m[]q¿∆w D]tbmKn®Xv

kº∂hpw B¿`mSw \nd™Xpamb Hcp D]cnh¿KØns‚ kqN\bmbn Cu ]Z߃

amdp∂p.

tUmIvSdpsS D]tZiw Ihnsb as‰mcp temItØ°v, ImeØnte°v,

kwkv°mcØnte°mWv FØn°p∂Xv. AXhXcn∏n°m≥ Ihn D]tbmKn® ]Z߃

Fs¥ms°bmWv.?

N¿®

Ip´nIƒ ]XnIcn°p∂p.

tImUoIcWw

tNdWnhcºv, sNΩÆns‚ hgn, A√ns‚bncpƒ°qØv, apSnbn¬

]nSn®m¿ØpapjvSnbnenSn°¬, IqcIƒ hngp߬, ]n™nbsaØ∏mb, h≠n°p

Imin√msXbp≈ \S∏v, Nqcemep≈ ASn XpSßnb ]Z߃ IhnXbnep≠v

Cu ]Z߃ kqNn∏n°p∂ PohnX]›mØew BZytØXn¬ \n∂pw XnI®pw n∂amWv.

Cu ]ZßfneqsS sXfnbp∂ PohnX NnX߃ Fs¥ms°.?

N¿®

Ip´nIƒ ]XnIcn°p∂p

tImUoIcWw

Xmsg°nSbnep≈ a\pjycpsS bmX\Iƒ°pw thZ\Iƒ°pw ]Xo£Iƒ°pw

kz]v\߃°psam∏w \·]mZ\mbn \S∂p \oßnb IhnsbbmWv \manhnsS ImWp∂Xv.

F∂m¬ Ihn A`nkwt_m[\ sNøp∂ `njKzc kplrØn\v tUmIvSdpsS

[¿ΩØn\∏pdw Ihn \S∂p Ibdnb I\¬ hgnIsf°pdn®v Adnbn√. AbmfpsS

IÆpIƒ Xmtg°√, Dbcßfnte°mWv. hn≠ ImeSnIfp≈ At\Isc Xs‚

klNccmbn ImWp∂ IhnbpsS ImgvN `qanbnte°mWv. A\mtcmKy e£WamWv

tUmIvS¿°v ]mZØnse hn≈se¶n¬, Ihn°Xp t\´ßfmWv., imizXmtcmKyw \¬Ip∂

D∏p \ocpdhIfmWv

XpS¿∂v AekXbpw kpJt`mKmkIXnbpw h¿≤n®phcp∂, NcnXw ad∂p t]mIp∂

]pXpXeapdsb°pdn®p≈ hna¿i\w IqSnbmWv hn≠ ImeSnIƒ F∂ IhnX.

Cu ]kXmh\tbmSp≈ ]XnIcWw hy‡n KXambn Ipdn°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

hy‡nKX cN\ sa®s∏SpØp∂p.

hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿® sNbvXp Xocpam\n°p∂p

˛ Bibw ka¿∞n®n´p≠v ˛ 2

˛ DNnXamb `mj ˛ 2

BsI ˛ 4 kvtIm¿

]XnIcW°pdn∏v Kp∏n¬ N¿® sNbvXp hnebncpØp∂p.

s]mXp AhXcWw

tImUoIcWw

\Ωƒ C∂\p`hn°p∂ kzmX¥yØn\p th≠n AtlmcmXw ]cnian®

Bbnc°W°n\p≈ tZim`nam\nIsf ]pXpXeapd Hm¿°p∂n√. As√¶n¬ Hm¿°m≥

ian°p∂n√. AhcpsS A`ncpNnIƒ IqSpX¬ `uXnIambnØocp∂p. Cu am‰w IqSn

Ipdn∏nep≠mIWsa∂p kqNn∏n°Ww.

s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw ˛ ChbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]XnIcW°pdn∏v

sa®s∏SpØm≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

sa®s∏Spج

hnebncpج

Dt±iyw : Imhy`mKßfnse Ae¶mc wKnbpw

_nw_I¬∏\Iƒ XpSßnbh Is≠Øn

BkzZn°p∂Xn\pw hniZoIcn°p∂Xn\pw

]h¿Ø\w 2 : Imhy`wKn Is≠Øn Ipdn∏p Xømdm°¬

]T\kmaKn : hn≠ ImeSnIƒ ˛ IhnX

]h¿Ø\Iaw

hn≠ ImeSnIƒ F∂ IhnXbnse

( CSh∏mXn°m‰p Iev]I Zqa߃ X≥

apSnbn¬∏nSn®m¿Øp apjvSnbmenSn°ptºmƒ

apjvI\m°pSnbs‚ b´lmkØm¬ Imb¬˛

hm°pIƒ hndbv°ptºmƒ ˛ hm\nSw apgßptºmƒ

HmSn∏m™Sp°p∂ s]cnbm¿ sh≈w, Cc ˛

tXSns°m≠ncq´n¶n¬ IqcIƒ hngpßptºmƒ

Cu `mKw Nm¿´n¬ ]Z¿in∏n°p∂p.

Cu hcnIfn¬ ]IrXnbn¬ a\pjy`mhw Ihn Z¿in°p∂sXßs\sb∂p Is≠Øn

AhXcn∏n°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p

AhXcWw

s]mXpN¿®

tImUoIcWw

apSnbn¬ ]nSn®phen°pI, apjvSnbmenSn°pI, IpSnbs‚ A´mlmkw XpSßnbh

a\pjys‚ InbIfmWt√

Cu N¿®bpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ Cu hcnIfnse Imhy`wKn hy‡am°p∂ Ipdn∏v

Xmbmdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

hy‡nKX cN\ sa®s∏SpØm≥ Kp∏p Xncnbp∂p.

hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿® sNbvXp Xocpam\n°p∂.

hcnIfnse Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

h¿W\Ifnse Imhy`wKn Is≠Ønbn´p≠v 3

DNnXamb `mj ˛ 1

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

Ipdn∏v Kp∏n¬ hnebncpØp∂

s]mXp AhXcWw

s]mXpN¿®

tImUoIcWw

c≠p hyXykvX kwkv°mcßsf AhXcn∏n°p∂Xp IqSmsX a\pjy mh߃

]IrXnbn¬ Z¿in°p∂ [z\ymflIamb A¿∞ Xe߃ krjvSn°p∂ kµ¿`߃°v

G‰hpw \√ DZmlcWamWv Cu mKw

CSh∏mXn°m‰ns\ Hcp apgp°pSnb\mbn Ihn k¶¬∏n°p∂p. Im‰mIp∂

IpSnb≥ sXßpIfpsS HmeIfmIp∂ apSn ]nSn®pebv°p∂p. CSn\mZamIp∂

A´lmkØn¬ Imb¬ h°pIƒ hndbv°p∂p. BImiw \Spßp∂p.

cmXnbn¬ I≈p IpSn®v ho´nseØp∂ Hcp a\pjy≥ `mcysbbpw a°sfbpw

D]Zhn°p∂Xns‚bpw AhtcmSv A´lkn°p∂Xns‚bpw Hcp bYm¿∞ NnXw IqSn

Cu hcnIfn¬ sXfnbp∂p.

kmaqlnI ]cnh¿Ø\߃°mbn CdßnØncn®h¿°v cWIpSØn¬ \n∂pw

AhcpsS In¶c∑mcn¬ \n∂pw t\cntS≠n h∂ Iqcamb ]oU\߃ Cu hcnIfn¬

kqNn∏n°p∂p.

s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw ˛ ChbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ Ipdn∏v sa®s∏SpØm≥

\n¿t±in°p∂p.

sa®s∏Spج

hnebncpج

Dt±iyw : a\pjy_‘߃ lrZbkv]¿inbmbn AhXcn∏n®ncn°p∂ IYIƒ,

IhnXI¬ XpSßnbh hmbn®mkzZn°p∂Xn\pw \ncq]W߃

Xbmdm°p∂Xn\pw

]h¿Ø\w 3 : XmcXay°pdn∏v Xbmdm°pI.

]T\kmaKn : DXp∏ms‚ InW¿, A°nØØns‚ IhnXm`mKw tcJs∏SpØnb

Nm¿´v

]h¿Ø\Iaw

DXp∏ms‚ InW¿ ˛ IY hmb\

AhXcWw

IY N¿®

XpS¿∂v A°nØXØns‚

Hcp IÆo¿°Ww a‰p ˛

≈h¿°mbv Rm≥ s]mgn°th

DZn°bmsW∂mflmhn¬

Bbncw kucaWvUew

F∂ IhnXm`mKw Nm¿´n¬ ]Z¿in∏n°p∂p.

Bibw N¿®sNøp∂p.

XpS¿∂v a‰p≈h¿°pth≠n IÆo¿ s]mgn°p∂XneqsS Zp:JnXsc klmbn°p∂XneqsS

a\ n¬ Bbncw kucaWvUew DZn°p∂ A\p`hXew DXp∏m\nept≠m.?F∂

tNmZyap∂bn®p N¿®

Ip´nIƒ ]XnIcn°p∂p.

Cu temIØn¬ Pohn®p t]mIpI H‰m¥Snbmb DXp∏m\v henb ]iv\ambncp∂n√.

F¶nepw DXp∏m≥ Pohn®Xv B¿°pth≠nbmbncp∂p.? F¥mbncp∂p N¿®

Ip´nIƒ ]XnIcn°p∂p.

s]mXpN¿® A[ym]I≥ tImUoIcn°p∂p.

DXp∏m≥ FhnsSbpsaØpw. X\n°mcpans√¶nepw kapltØmSv Nne

ISaIfps≠∂ hnizmk°mc≥ IjvSs∏Sp∂htcmSv A\pIºbp≈ a\kns‚ DSa

a‰p≈h¿°p th≠nbp≈ ]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ kt¥mjw Is≠Øp∂ DXp∏ms‚ a\ pw

IhnXbnse Bibhpw kam\amWv

s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw tijw IhnXbnse Z¿i\Øns‚ shfn®Øn¬ DXp∏ms‚

]h¿Ø\ßsf XmcXayw sNbvXp Ipdn∏p Xbmdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p. hy‡nKX

cN\ sa®s∏SpØm≥ Kp∏p Xncnbp∂p. hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿®

sNbvXp Xocpam\n°p∂p.

IhnXbnse Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

DXp∏ms‚ ]h¿Ø\ßfpsS khnti

jXI¬ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

kz¥w \nKa\ßfpw \nco£Wßfpw

DNnXamb mjbn¬ FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 2

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

Kp∏n¬ hnebncpج

s]mXpAhXcWw

N¿®

tImUoIcWw

sa®s∏Spج

hnebncpج

Dt±iyw : hm¿Ø, ^o®¿, IØv, \nthZ\w XpSßnbh Xbmdm°p∂Xn\pw a‰pffh¿

Xbmdm°nbh ]cntim[n®p hnebncpØp∂Xn\pw

]h¿Ø\w (4) : ]Xhm¿Ø Xbmdm°pI

]T\kmaKn : DXp∏ms‚ InW¿ ˛ IY

hnhn[ ]X߃

]h¿Ø\Iaw

DXp∏ms‚ InW¿ ˛ IYm N¿®

XpS¿∂v IYbpsS Ahkm\ mKsØ

B sXfn\o¿ ...........................................

......................................................................

hnizkvXXtbmsS tKm]\w sNbvXp

F∂ mKw hmbn°m≥ Ip´nItfmSv \n¿t±in°p∂p.

XpS¿∂v Cu mKØp\n∂pw \n߃ a\- n-em-°n-bXv Fs¥ms° ? F∂ tNmZyap∂bn®p

N¿®.

tImUoIcWw

A¥yambn Pe]m\w sNbvXp F∂ hmIyw acWØns‚ kqN\ \¬Ip∂p.

InW¿ DXp∏ms‚ krjvSnbmWv. AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ DXp∏ms‚ a°fpamWv. a°fmWt√m

]nXmhn\v At¥ymZIa¿∏nt°≠Xv. DXp∏ms‚ acWØn¬ ]IrXnbv°p≈ ZpxJw

NcaKoXw ]mSp∂ \mbv, Nµs‚ hnfdnb apJw˛ChbneqsS hy‡amIp∂p.

˛ tijw DXp∏ms‚ BfllXy sNbvX kw`hsØ ASnÿm\am°n

]nt‰ZnhksØ ]XØn¬ hcm\nSbp≈ hm¿Ø hy‡nKXambn Xømdm°m≥

\n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ hy‡nKX cN\ sa®s∏SpØm≥ Kq∏pXncnbp∂p.

˛ hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿® sNbvXp Xocpam\n°p∂p.

IYbnse Bibw Kln®n´p≠v ˛ 2

BibsØ ]Xhm¿ØbpsS cq]Øn¬ ˛ 2

am‰nsbgpXnbn´p≠v

DNnXamb `mjmssien kzoIcn®n´p≠v ˛ 2

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

Kq∏n¬ hnebncpØp∂p

s]mXp AhXcWw

N¿®

tImUoIcWw

kam\kw`h߃ ASnÿm\am°n hnhn[ ]Xßfn¬ h∂ hm¿ØIƒ

i≤bn¬s∏SpØn mj, LS\ XpSßnbh t_m[ys∏SpØp∂p.

s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw ˛ ChbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]Xhm¿Ø

sa®s∏SpØnsbgpXm≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ sa®s∏Spج

˛ hnebncpج

Dt±iyw : IrXnIƒ hmbn®v Bibw, A¿∞km[yXIƒ XpSßnbh Is≠Øn

BkzZn°p∂Xn\pw ]tbmKn°p∂Xn\pw

]h¿Ø\w 5 : A¿∞km[yXIƒ Is≠Øn Ipdn∏v Xømdm°¬

]T\kmaKn : ASpØq¨, IhnX

]h¿Ø\Iaw

˛ A°nØØns‚ ASpØq¨ IhnX hmb\

- AhXcWw

˛ Bibw N¿® sNøp∂p

˛ XpS¿∂v

]´WtamSn°nXs®s‚ hmXnen¬ h∂p

ap´n hm’eytØmsS Ipiew tNmZn°p∂p

Po∏n¬ h∂ndßp∂p \Kcw ho≠pw; ImXn¬

tIƒ∏q Rm≥: Ct∏msf¥p sNbvhp \o Pohmflmth

F∂o hcnIƒ Ip´nIfpsS i≤bn¬s∏SpØp∂p.

- XpS¿∂v ]´WtamSn°nXs®s‚ hmXnen¬ h∂p ap´n \Kcw Po∏n¬ h∂ndßp∂p

˛F∂o ]tbmKßfn¬ A¿∞Øns‚ hnhn[ Xe߃ Z¿in°mtam ? F∂

tNmZyap∂bn®p N¿® sNøp∂p.

˛ Ip´nIƒ ]XnIcn°p∂p.

˛ tImUoIcn°p∂p.

]´WtamSn°nXs®s‚ hmXnen¬ h∂pap´n F∂Xn¬ A¿∞Øns‚ ]e

km[yXIfpap≠v. HmSn°nXbv°pI F∂Xv ]´WØns‚ kz`mhamWv. F∂m¬ ]´Ww

hmXnen¬ h∂p ap´nsb∂Xn\v \KcsØ°pdn®p≈ Hm¿aIƒ, \KcØn¬ \ns∂Øp∂

kplrØp°ƒ Fs∂ms° A¿∞w I¬∏n°mw.

CXpt]mse Xs∂bmWv Po∏n¬ h∂ndßp∂ \Kcw F∂ ]tbmKhpw.

\KcØn\v Po∏n¬ h∂ndßm≥ Ignbn√ F∂p \ap°dnbmw. F∂m¬ \KcØn¬

\n∂p≈ kplrØp°ƒ°v KmaØn¬ IhnbpsS ho´nte°v Po∏n¬ h∂ndßmat√m.

\KcØn¬ \n∂p≈ hm¿ØIƒ IhnbpsS ASpsØØn F∂ Bibhpw ChnsS

kzoIcn°mhp∂XmWv. Ihn`mj km[mcWP\ßfpsS kw`mjW `mjbn¬ \n∂pw

hyhlmc `mjbn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXamWv. AXv [z\ymflIhpw hniIe\

kz`mhap≈XpamWv. Imhy`mjsb \mw kmam\yamb bp‡nIƒ D]tbmKn®v hniIe\w

sNøm≥ ]mSn√.

˛ s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw ˛ ChbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ hcnIfnse

A¿∞km[yXIƒ hy‡am°p∂ Ipdn∏v hy‡nKXambn Xømdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿®sNbvXv Xocpam\n°p∂p.

Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

A¿∞km[yXIƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 3

DNnXamb mj ˛ 1

BsI ˛ 6 kvtIm¿

˛ Kq∏n¬ hnebncpØp∂p

˛ s]mXp AhXcWw

˛ s]mXp N¿®

˛ tImUoIcWw

˛ sa®s∏Spج

Dt±iyw : ssZ\wZn\ PohnXhpambn _‘s∏´ IØpIƒ, At]£Iƒ,

\nthZ\߃ XpSßnb hyhlmc cq]߃ Xømdm°p∂Xn\v.

]h¿Ø\w 6 : IØv Xømdm°pI

]T\kmaKn ASpØq¨ IhnX

]h¿Ø\w

˛ ASpØq¨ IhnX ˛ N¿®

˛ ASpØq¨ ]‰n KmaØn¬ Xmakn°ms\Ønb Ihnbv°v BiwkIƒ

t\¿∂psIm≠p≈ IØv hy‡nKXambn Xømdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ hy‡nKX cN\ sa®s∏SpØm≥ Kq∏v Xncnbp∂p

˛ hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿® sNbvXv Xocpam\n°p∂p.

IØn¬ Bhiyamb hnhc߃

FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 2

Bib߃ Nn´bmbn IaoIcn®n´p≠v ˛ 2

IØns‚ LS\ ]men®n´p≠v ˛ 1

DNnXamb mj ˛ 1

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

˛ Kq∏n¬ N¿® sNbvXv hnebncpØp∂p

˛ s]mXp AhXcWw

˛ s]mXp N¿®

˛ tImUoIcWw

IhnbpsS \KcØnse HutZymKnI PohnXØnc°v KmaPohnXØns‚

ku`mKyw XpSßnbh kqNn∏n°Ww. BiwktbmsS IØv Ahkm\n∏n°Ww.

IØns‚ LS\ ]men°Ww.

˛ sa®s∏Spج

˛ hnebncpج

Dt±iyw : IYIfnse ]mXkrjvSn, BJym\coXn XpSßnbh hniZoIcn°p∂Xn\v

]h¿Ø\w (7) : IYm]mX \ncq]Ww Xømdm°¬

]T\kmaKn : ISens‚ h°Øv Hcp hoSv ˛ IY

]h¿Ø\Iaw

˛ am[hn°p´nbpsS ISens‚ h°Øv Hcp hoSv F∂ IY hmbn°p∂p.

˛ IYmkwKlw AhXcn∏n°p∂p

˛ Cu IYbnse IYm]mX߃, kz`mh khntijXIƒ, at\m`mhw F∂nh

Ipdn°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ AhXcn∏n°p∂p

˛ XpS¿∂v Cu IYbn¬ ISpØ ZpcnX߬°nSbnepw PohnXsØ XnI™

]kmZmflIXtbmsS, ]Xo£tbmsS, BflhnizmktØmsS kao]n°p∂

IYm]mXamcv? F∂ tNmZyap∂bn®p N¿®.

˛ B IYm]mXhpambn _‘s∏´ IYmkµ¿`߃ Is≠Øm≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ AhXcWw

˛ s]mXpN¿®

˛ tijw B bphmhns‚ kz`mhkhntijXI¬ IqSn Dƒs∏SpØn IYm]mX

\ncq]Ww hy‡nKXambn Xømdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ hy‡nKX cN\ sa®s∏SpØm≥ Kq∏p Xncnbp∂p

˛ hnebncpج kqNIßfpw kvtImdpw N¿® sNbvXv Xocpam\n°p∂p.

w IYm]mXØns‚ kz`mh khntijXIƒ

Is≠Ønbn´p≠v 2

w IYm]mXØn\v IYbnse a‰p 2

IYm]mXßfpambp≈ _‘w,

IYbnse ÿm\w

w DNnXamb mj 2

BsI kvtIm¿ 6

Kq∏n¬ N¿® sNbvXv hnebncpØp∂p.

s]mXp AhXcWw

s]mXp N¿®

tImUoIcWw

w PohnXsØ kpµcambn°mWm≥ klmbIamb at\m`mhw

Hmtcm hm°nepw XnI™ ]kmZmflIX

w uXnIPohnXØns‚ \n mcXIƒ°∏pdw Bflobamb A\p`qXn \¬Im≥

Ignbp∂ Hcp A\p`h XeØntebv°v AdpapJØns‚ mcybpsS

a\ pam‰m≥ Ign™p

˛ s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw ChbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ IYm]mX

\ncq]W°pdn∏v sa®s∏SpØnsbgpXm≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ sa®s∏Spج

˛ hnebncpج

Dt±iyw : IrXnIƒ hmbn®v BkzZn°p∂Xn\pw \ncq]Ww sNøp∂Xn\pw

hniIe\°pdn∏v Xømdm°p∂Xn\pw

]h¿Ø\w (8) : hniIe\°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI

]T\kmaKn : ISens‚h°Øv Hcp hoSv ˛ IY

˛ ISens‚ h°Øv Hcp hoSv F∂ IYbnse IYm]mXßfpsS at\m`mhw ˛

\ncmibpsS ]SpIpgnbn¬ hoW AdpapJs‚ `mcy PohnXØnte°v Xncn®ph∂Xn\p

ImcWw N¿® sNøp∂p.

Ip´nIƒ ]XnIcn°p∂p

s]mXpN¿®

tImUoIcWw

aZy]m\Øn\Snabmbn sXmgn¬ \jvSs∏´ AdpapJ≥. AbmtfmsSm∏w

sXcphntes°dnbs∏´ mcy. Ahƒ Gsd ZpxJnXbmWv. X\n°n\n PohnXØn¬ H∂pw

]Xo£n°m\n√ F∂p Xo¿®bm°n°gn™ B kvXobpsS PohnXsØ A∏msS

am‰nØo¿°p∂Xv XnI™ ]kmZmflIX \nd™ bphmhns‚ hm°pIfmWv. PohnXsØ

kpµcambn°mWm≥ klmbIamb Hcp at\m`mhw Ahfn¬ krjvSn°m≥ Ahs‚

hm°pIƒ°v Ignbp∂p.

]ckv]ckvt\lw, hnizmkw, klIcWw, ]¶psh°¬, a\ pXpd∂p≈

kw`mjWw, £a ˛ XpSßnbhbneqsS PohnXsØ kaXz kpµcam°nØo¿°m≥

km[n°pw F∂ t_m[w Ip´nIfn¬ hf¿ØnsbSp°m≥ Cu N¿®bneqsS IgnbWw.

˛ s]mXpN¿®, tImUoIcWw CXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ ka-Im-enI kw -h-ßfpw

IYm kµ¿`ßfpw hniIe\w sNbvXp Ipdn∏v Xømdm°m≥ \n¿t±in°p∂p.

˛ hy‡nKX cN\ sa®s∏SpØm≥ Kq∏p Xncnbp∂p hnebncpج kqNIßfpw

kvtImdpw N¿® sNbvXv Xocpam\n°p∂p.

X∂ncn°p∂ IYmkµ¿`ßfpsS

Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

hniIe\w sNbvXv kz¥w \nco£Ww

cq]oIcn®n´p≠v ˛ 3

A\ptbmPyamb mjbn¬ ˛ 1

Bhnjv°cn®n´p≠v

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

˛ sa®s∏Spج

˛ AhXcWw

˛ s]mXpN¿®

˛ tImUoIcWw

˛ hnebncpج

bqWn‰v 5

tZis∏cpa

w s]m∂m\n ˛ \ºqXncn

w X´Iw ˛ tImhne≥

w ISΩ\n´ ˛ ISΩ\n´ cmaIrjvW≥

w DcpfnIp∂Øns‚ epØn\nb ˛ k°dnb

1 eLp°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI

tZiw Hmtcm hy‡n°pw kzXzamWv. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ tZisØ

Bhnjv°cn°p∂Xv kzXzmhnjv°mcambn amdp∂p. tcJIƒ \ºqXncnbpsS tZiamb

s]m∂m\nbpsS kmaqlnIhpw kmwkv°mcnIhpamb sshhn[yßfpsS

ASbmfs∏SpØemWv. hcnIfneqsSbpw hcIfneqsSbpw At±lw kz¥w \mSns\

Hm¿sØSp°p∂p.

˛ \ºqXncnbpsS cN\bn¬ sXfnbp∂ tZis∏cpa ˛ N¿®

Æ \ºqXncnbpsS NnXßfpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

Æ cN\bv°mbn sXcs™SpØ KmaZriy߃

Æ NnXßfn¬ \n∂v Is≠Ømhp∂h

Æ tcJmNnXhpw hmMvab NnXhpw H∂n°p∂Xns‚ ]tXyIX

Æ ]gsbmcp ImesØ ]Xy£s∏SpØptºmƒ hcnIfnepw hcIfnepw

ImWp∂ ]ga

kz¥w tZisØ Bhnjv°cn°ptºmƒ hcbnepw mjm]tbmKØnepw \ºqXncn

GsX√mw LSI߃°mWv ][m\yw \¬InbXv ? eLp°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

cN\bn¬

XpdapJw, t£Xw, BNmc߃

A\pjvTm\߃, PohnX coXn

hgnIƒ, tXmSpIƒ, sI´nS߃,

hkvX[mcW coXn F∂nh

NnXoIcn®p. hcIƒs°m∏w

hcnIƒ. FgpØn¬ hmsamgnbpsS

Xmfw. hy‡nXzhpw hyXykvXhpamb

IYm]mX߃

ap : \n : kqNI߃ kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

\ºqXncn cN\mcoXnbpsS

]tXyIXIƒ Xncn®dn™n´p≠v ˛ 2

hcbpw mjbpw XΩnep≈ _‘w ˛ 1

Is≠Ønbn´p≠v

DNnXamb `mjbn¬

FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 1

2. ]XnIcW°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI

kz¥w \mSv Bhnjv°cn°m\mbn \ºqXncn hcIƒ kzoIcn®t∏mƒ

k°dnb FgpØmWv kzoIcn®Xv. F∂m¬ ChcpsS c≠pt]cpsSbpw cN\Ifn¬

kam\XIƒ ImWmw

˛ N¿®

tZisØ hcbv°ptºmƒ \ºqXncn ]m[m\yw \¬Inbncn°p∂Xv

˛ `q]IrXn

˛ sI´nS߃

˛ hy‡nIƒ

˛ Bcm[\meb߃

DcpfnIp∂sØ°pdn®v ]dbptºmƒ k°dnb Bhnjv°cn®ncn°p∂h

˛ Kmaw

˛ KmaoW P\߃

˛ sXmgn¬

˛ Irjn

˛ P\ßfpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

˛ ]IrXn`wKn

cN\Ifnse kam\XIƒ

˛ KmaoWImgvNIƒ

˛ ÿeØns‚ ]tXyIXIƒ

˛ it≤bcmb hy‡nIƒ

˛ Xs∂ BI¿jn®h¿

hcbnepw FgpØnepw ImWmhp∂ hyXykvXXIƒ

˛ hcIƒ IrXyamb ImgvN \¬Ip∂p

˛ `mj mh\bpsS temIw Xpd°p∂p

˛ hcIfn¬ NnXImcs‚ ho£Ww

˛ IYm]mXØns‚ Nn¥Iƒ FgpØn¬

.NnXImc\mb \ºqXncnbpsSbpw FgpØpImc\mb k°dnbbpsSbpw

Bhnjv°cWßfn¬ kam\XIƒ GsdbmWv. Cu ]kvXmh\tbmSv \n߃

tbmPn°p∂pt≠m ? ]XnIcW°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

ap : \n : kqNI߃

cN\Ifnse kam\XIƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

kzm`n]mbw ka¿Yn®n´p≠v ˛ 1

DNnXamb `mjbn¬

FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 1

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

3. XmcXay°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI

NnXImc\mb \ºqXncnbpsSbpw FgpØpImc\mb k°dnbbpsSbpw

Bhnjv°mcßfnep≈ kam\XIƒ Is≠Øn XmcXay°pdn∏v

Xømdm°pI.

ap : \n : kqNI߃

Bhnjv°mcßfnse kam\XIƒ

Xncn®dn™n´p≠v ˛ 2

hcbpsSbpw mjbpsSbpw ]tXyIXIƒ

XmcXayw sNbvXn´p≠v ˛ 2

DNnXamb `mjbn¬

FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 1

. BJym\anIhpsIm≠v Hcp ]gbImesØ ]p\xkrjvSn°phm≥ X´Iw F∂

IrXnbneqsS tImhne\v Ignbp∂pt≠m ? ˛N¿®

˛ X´IØnse mjbpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

˛ ]gbImesØ ]ZmhenIƒ

˛ ]tbmK߃ khntijXIƒ

˛ IYm]mXßfpsS AhXcWw

˛ BJym\coXnbn¬ hS°≥ ]m´pItfmSp≈ ASp∏w

- h¿Æ\Iƒ

˛ Im¿jnI PohnXØns‚ ASbmf߃

N¿®bv°ptijw X´Iw ]p\¿hmb\ Ip´nIƒ hy‡nKXambn

\SØp∂p. hmb\m°pdn∏v Xømdm°p∂p. AhXcWw.

4. BJym\coXnbnepw cN\mssienbnepw sshhn[yap≈ IrXnbmWv X´Iw

]mT`mKw hniIe\w sNbvXv sIm≠v Ipdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

hy‡nKX cN\ ˛ AhXcWw ˛ sa®s∏Spج

ap : \n : kqNIw

BJym\coXnbpsS ]tXyIX

Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 2

cN\bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

hniIe\w sNbvXn´p≠v ˛ 1

DNnXamb `mjbn¬

FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 1

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

5. BkzmZ\w Xømdm°pI

\nehnf°ns‚ kpK‘wt]mse

ssIX∏qsºmSn ]mdnbt]mse

IcnbneIfn¬ Im¬®nesºmen XØnbt]mse

Im\¬ Xp≈p∂ shbn¬ hmƒØe∏pIƒ

an∂nbt]mse.............

]tbmKßfpw cN\mssienbpw X´I Ønse `mj BI¿jIam°p∂p.

t\mh¬ mKw hnebncpØn BkzmZ\w Xømdm°pI.

ap : \n : kqNIw

]tbmKßfpsS khntijXIƒ

Xncn®dn™n´p≠v ˛ 2

cN\bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

hniIe\w sNbvXn´p≠v ˛ 2

BkzmZ\mwi߃ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 1

DNnXamb `mjbn¬FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛ 1

kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

khntij]tbmKßfpw hmMvab NnXßfpw ]Zyßfn¬ amXa√ KZyßfnepw

ImWmw. Ah KZysØ IqSpX¬ BI¿jIam°p∂p. KZyØnse BkzmZ\wißfnte°v

Iq´n FØnt®cphm\mhiyamb kqN\Iƒ N¿®bn¬ A[ym]nI \¬Iphm≥

i≤n°Ww.

6.IhnXbpsS Bibw Is≠ØpI.

FÆw sX‰nb Hm¿aIƒ ho≠pw

Iq∂n¬ Ncnhn¬ amhn≥ sImºn¬

tZiØns‚ apZIƒ BgØn¬ ]Xn™p InS°p∂ ISΩ\n´ F∂ IhnXbn¬

IhnbpsS KmasØ°pdn®p≈ Fs¥√mw Hm¿ΩIfmWv IS∂phcq∂Xv N¿®

. P∑\mSns\°pdn®p≈ kPohamb

Hm¿ΩIfpsS Bhnjv°mcw

. cmhnse apX¬ cmXn hscbp≈ ImgvNIƒ

ssiihw, _meyw, buh\w F∂nh IS∂p hcp∂p.

. KmaØns‚ sshhn[yam¿∂ apJw

. Kma PohnXØns‚ am‰ßƒ

. \jvS]Wbw

. Cµobm\p`hw hcnIfn¬

(KmaØns‚ \ndw, aWw, i_vZw kv]¿iw)

. Bhnjv°mcØns‚ ImhymflIamb khntijXIƒ

. Bhnjv°mc coXn

`qXIme Zriy߃ ( Iev]ShmsIbnSn™p s]mfn™.....)

h¿Øam\Ime Zriyw (\mSn≥ \∑ IpSn®p acn® IpfØn¬....)

][m\ Bibw, hcnIƒ, ]tbmK߃ F∂nh B B bn¬

XpS¿∂v cN\mL´Ønte°v IS°p∂p.

6 Hm¿abpsS Bhnjv°mcamb ISΩ\n´ F∂ IhnXbn¬ Xs‚ tZiamb

ISΩ\n´sb°pdn®p≈ Fs¥√mw kvacWIfmWv ImWphm≥ Ignbp∂Xv., BkzmZ\w

Xømdm°pI

Bibw Is≠Ønbn´p≠v 2

Imhy`mK߃ hnebncpØn

BkzmZ\mwi߃ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v 2

kz¥amb \ocn£Wßfpw tN¿Øn´p≠v 1

A\ptbmPyamb mj, AhXcW coXn 1

BsI 6

7 s\√n≥ X≠p aW°pw hgnIƒ........

XeapSn aWsa≥ aq°ns\dn™p apdn™p.....

Iev]ShmsIbnSn™p s]mfn™

]q°sf \p≈nbpW¿Øn

Cµnbm\p`h߃ IS∂p hcp∂ hcnIƒ ISΩ\n´v F∂ IhnXbn¬

[mcmfamWv. Imhy`mK߃ hnebncqØn Ipdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

aq : \n : kq

Imhy`mK߃ hnebncqØnbn´p≠v 2

kz¥amb \nco£W߃ tN¿Øn´p≠v 2

DNnXamb `mjbn¬ AhXcn∏n®n´p≠v 1

kvtIm¿ 5

8 Iev]ShmsIbnSn™p s]mfn™

IpfØn¬ IShn¬

X≈ØhfIƒ \maw sNm√n

\mSn≥ \∑ IpSn®p acn® IpfØn¬

`KhXn amXw ]mXnc t\m°n \ocm´mSn

IpfØns‚ `qX ˛ h¿Øam\ Ime Zriy߃ Bhnjv°cn°ptºmƒ

Ihn \¬Ip∂ hyXykvX NnX߃ Is≠Øn BkzmZ\w Xømdm°pI.

cN\bn¬

BZytØXv qXIme Zriyw ]pecn /X≈Øhf/ Xmac /]mXnc

c≠matØXv h¿Øam\Imew ]mb¬ /]mgvsNSn /]mb¬

KmaØns‚ kPohX \jvSs∏´ncn°p∂p

kuµcym\p`qXnbn¬ h∂am‰w

KmaØns‚ ]cp°≥ mhw

]Zßfn¬ hcpØnbam‰w

aq : \n : kqNIw

Imhy`mKsØ Bibw Kln®n´p≠v 2

]tbmK khntijXIƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v 1

DNnXamb `mj, AhXcW coXn 1

(BsI 4)

]`mX ˛ kmbm\w h¿Æ\

_mey ˛ Iuamc ˛ buh\ ImeL´ kqN\Iƒ

KmaØn¬ uXoIambp≠mb am‰ßƒ

KrlmXpcpXzØns‚ Bgw IhnXbn¬

˛ XpSßnbh kPoh N¿®bv°v hnt[bam°pIbpw

BkzZ\°pdn∏m°pIbpw sNøWw

]h¿Ø\w . teJ\w ˛ ][m\ Bibw ˛ N¿®

FgpØpImc\pw _p≤nPohnbpambn hf¿∂p ]¥en® k°dnb bpsS

thcpIƒ Ct∏mgpw DcpfnIp∂Øp Xs∂bmWv ]S¿∂p InS°p∂Xv. Xm\nt∏mgpw

]meØ]¶se Idnbm®≥ Xs∂bmsW∂p≈ kuayhpw Kmayhpamb Xncn®dnhv Bthi

kwkvIrXn°p apºnep≈ hn\b]q¿Wamb ka¿∏WamWv

DcpfnIp∂sØ °pdn®p≈ Fs¥√mw Nn¥IfmWv k°dnbmbn¬ Dbcp∂Xv

teJ\w hnebncpØmw

N¿®

DcpfnIp∂hpw Ab¬ \mSpIfpw ]IrXnbpamWv k°dnbmsb krjvSn®Xv.

\m´n≥ ]pdØns‚ ]m¿timev]∂w amXamWv Xm≥

Xs‚ \m´nse Irjn

tZi\ma߃

Ne\mflIamb Kmaw ˛ a\pjy¿

kq£vaamb KmaPohnXm\p`h߃

Kma PohnXw \¬Inb `mj

Bib߃ BB bn¬ tcJs∏SpØp∂p.

9) DcpfnIp∂sØ a\pjy¿ Fs∂ Nncn°m\pw kt¥mjn∏n°m\pw ]Tn∏n®p.

BSbm`cWßfn√mØ Hcp `j F\n°p X∂p. B `mjbpsS ]n∂n¬ Hcp PohnX

emfnXyap≠mbncp∂p.

Xm\nt∏mgpw ]meØp¶se Idnbm®p Xs∂bmsW∂p≈ kuayhpw Kmayhpamb

Xncn®dnhv, B tZikwkvIrXn°p apºnep≈ k°dnbbpsS hn\b]q¿Wamb

ka¿∏WamWv

Rm≥ thsdm∂pa√ DcpfnIp∂sØ I√ns‚bpw aÆns‚bpw Im‰ns‚bpw

ap≈ns‚bpw taLØns‚bpw sh≈Øns‚bpw Hcp ]m¿tizm¬∏∂w amXamWv.

F∂nse _p≤n Pohn Zp: kz]v\߃ ImWptºmƒ F∂nse aÆpÆn F\n°v

thsd H∂m¥cw Dd∏pIƒ Xcp∂p. PohnXm¥yw hsc Ft∂msSm∏w \ne\n¬°p∂hbmb

Irjn°mcs‚ s]mcqfpIƒ [mcfambn \¬In DcpfnIp∂sØ aÆv Fs∂ A\pKln®p

]I¬°n\mhn\v ]‰nb ÿeambncp∂p DcpfnIp∂w.....................................................

....acßfpsS XWen¬ Ccq´pw \ngepw ]q≠pInS°p∂ Hcp ]tZiamWv.

hnhn[ Kp∏pIfn¬ k°dnbmbpsS teJ\Ønse sXcs™SpØ `mK߃

hnXcWw sNøp∂p. teJ\w hnebncqØn e`n® Ipdn∏pIfpsS Bib hni-I-e\w

sNbvX eLp°pdn∏pIƒ Xømdm°p∂p.

s]mXp AhXcWw sa®s∏Spج ssIamdn hnebncpج

aq : \n : kqNIw

Bib߃ hniIe\w sNbvXn´p≠v 2

]mT`mKsØ Bib߃ 2

XmcXayw sNbvXn´p≠v

kz¥w \nKa\w cq]oIcn®n´p≠v 1

DNnXamb `mjbn¬ FgpXnbn´p≠v 1

kvtIm¿ : 6

ASnÿm\ ]mTmhen hm°mw h¿Æ°pS NqSn

bqWn‰v 1

]mT`mK߃

hn[n ˛ Iem]nb

Fs‚ mj ˛ h≈tØmƒ

hm°ns‚ IqsScnbp∂p ˛ KqKn hm XnHmwtKm

kuµcy]qP ˛ ]n. Ip™ncma≥ \mb¿

aebmfw ˛ k®nXm\µ≥

]h¿Ø\w 1

Dt±iyw kz¥w mjbpw kwkv°mchpw \ntj[n°p∂XneqsS kz¥w hy‡nXzw

Xs∂ C√mXmIp∂psh∂ Xncn-®-dn-hp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v

`mj, thjw, kwkv°mcw Chsbm∂pw kz¥ambn√mØhcmWv aebmfnIƒ

˛ Cu ]kvXmh\tbmSv \n߃ tbmPn°p∂pt≠m ? F¥psIm≠v ?

˛ \ΩpsS mjbpw thjhpsams° Xocpam\n°p∂XmcmWv ?

˛ am[yaßfpsS kzm[o\w N¿® sNøp∂p.

c‡Ønepw \ndØnepw C¥y°mcpw A`ncpNnbpw kwkv°mcØnepw

sh≈°mcpamb Hcp P\Xsb hm¿sØSp°emWv Fs‚ e£yw

sa°msf an\pSvknse ]Jym]\w

˛ F¥mWv CXv \tΩmSv ]dbp∂Xv ?

˛ Cw•ojpIm¿ C¥y°msc Bflobambn Iogvs∏SpØm≥ ian®sXßs\ ?

N¿®IfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ aebmfnbpsS h¿Øam\

Xmev]cyßtfmSp≈ \nßfpsS hy‡n]camb ]XnIWw Xømdm°m≥ Bhiys∏Sp∂p.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

aebmfnbpsS h¿Øam\ \ne]mSpIƒ hniIe\w sNbvXn´p≠v ˛ 1

kz¥w \ne]mSpIƒ, ]cnlmc \n¿t±i߃ ˛ 1

i‡amb mjw, Nn´bmb IaoIcWw ˛ 4

BsI ˛ 4

]h¿Ø\w 2

Dt±iyw PohnXØns‚ [¿Ωk¶S߃ Ahnjv°cn°m\p≈ am[yaamWv mj F∂p

Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\v.

F\n°Xns‚ IqSdnbmw

Ip™nt\bpadnbmw

F∂m¬ F\n°Xns‚

`mjbdnbn√t√m?

IhnXm`mKw ]Z¿in∏n°p∂p

hy‡nKX hmb\

N¿®

˛ ChnsS BcpsS mjbmWv Adnbns√∂v Ihn ]dbp∂Xv ?

˛ GXp kµ¿`ØnemWv Ihn Cßs\ ]dbp∂Xv ?

˛ InfnbpsS mj AdnbWsa∂v Ihn BKln°p∂Xv F¥n\mbncn°pw ?

Bib߃ tImUoIcn°p∂p.

X∂Xn√ ]c\p≈pIm´phm

s\m∂pta \c\p]mbaoizc≥

C∂p mjbnX]q¿Æanßtlm

h∂pt]mw ]ngbpa¿∞i¶bm¬

(Bim≥) (\fn\n)

˛ Cu IhnXm mKØns‚ Bibsa¥v ?

˛ mj Adnbmambncp∂n´pw e]Zambn Bib߃ ]¶pshbv°phm≥ IgnbmsX

hcptºmgp≠mIp∂ am\knI hyY ChnsS FXtØmfw ]ISamWv ?

˛ CØcw A\p`h߃ \nßfpsS PohnXØnepw D≠mbn´pt≠m ?

`mj e]Zambn ]tbmKn°m≥ IgnbmsX h∂ Hcp

kµ¿`sØ°pdn®v kzm\p`h°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

lrZbkv]¿inbmb A\p`hØns‚ Bfl\njvTamb Bhnjv°mcw ˛ 2

`mhmflIhpw A\p`h Xohhpamb mj, Nn´bmb IaoIcWw ˛ 2

BsI ˛ 4

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 3

Dt±iyw amXr`mjsb i‡ns∏SpØp∂XneqsS kwkv°mcsØbpw i‡ns∏SpØmw

F∂ [mcW t\Sp∂Xn\v.

hnZymebßfn¬ aebmfw H∂mw mjbmbn Db¿Øns°m≠v

k¿°m¿ DØchnd°n

˛ hm¿Ø

˛ Cu DØchv F¥mWv \tΩmSp ]dbp∂Xv ?

˛ H∂mw`mjbmIp∂tXmsS aebmfØns‚ ]k‡n IqSptam ?

- DØchpIƒ sIm≠v \ΩpsS aebmfw c£s∏Sptam ?

˛ BcmWv aebmfsØ c£s∏SptØ≠Xv ?

˛ N¿®bpsS Bibw tImUoIcn°p∂p.

tIcfØn∂obncƒ°p≠n¬ \ns∂m∂p

tIdm≥ ]nSn°bsd¥p thsd.

˛ ChnsS Ihn ]cma¿in°p∂ Ccpƒ°p≠v F¥mWv ?

˛ h¿Øam\ tIcfw t\cnSp∂ mjm]camb A]Nbw F¥mWv ?

˛ mj Fßs\bmWv ]nSn°bdmbnØocp∂Xv ?

˛ mjbpsS A]NbsØ sNdp°m≥ mjsb i‡ns∏SptØ≠Xnt√ ? Fßs\ ?

˛ mjbpsS D∂a\ØneqsS kwkv°mcØns‚ D∂a\hpw \St°≠Xnt√ ?

ta¬kqN\Iƒ ]tbmP\s∏SpØn amXr`mjbpw aebmfnbpw F∂ hnjbØn¬

Hcp FUnt‰mdnb¬ Xømdm°pI.

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

1). Bib߃ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v ˛ 1

2). hni-I-e\w sNbvXn- p≠v ˛ 2

3). kz¥w \nco£W߃ AhXcn∏n®n´p≠v

4). i‡amb mj ˛ 1

5). LS\ (io¿jIw, BapJw, hnjb hnImkw, D]kwlmcw)˛ 1

BsI ˛ 6

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 4

Dt±iyw tIhew Bibhn\nabØn\∏pdw mjbpsS kuµcymflI Xew IqSn

Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\v.

IÆocWn™p IpKma

e£van t\m°nbncn°sh

tIh©n tIdnt∏mtbmW

shÆnemhWn cmhpIƒ

˛ BcmWv IÆocWn™Xv ? F¥psIm≠v ?

˛ Cu IhnXbnse a‰p ]IrXnh¿Æ\Iƒ Is≠ØpI. (]q°fw Xo¿°p∂

]pe¿thfIƒ, tIh©ntbdnt∏mIp∂ shÆnemhWn cmhv, Im¬sh∏n\m¬

]q \ncØp∂ cay imcZ I\yI ............)

˛ Cu ]tbmK߃ kqNn∏n°p∂sX¥mWv ?

˛ CØcw ]tbmK߃ BibØn\v F¥p ]tXyIXbmWv \¬Ip∂Xv ?

˛ ]IrXn ]Xn`mkßfneqsS a\pjy`mh߃ AhXcn∏n°p∂Xns‚

kuµcyXew hniZam°pI.

]IrXyp]mkI\mb IhnbmWv ]n. Ip™ncma≥ \mbsc∂v kuµcy]qP

sXfnbn°p∂p F¥mWv \nßfpsS A`n]mbw ? ka¿∞n°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

]tbmK`wKn Is≠Øn hniZoIcn®n´p≠v ˛ 2

kuµcymwiw Is≠-Øn-bn- p≠v ˛ 1

efnXamb mj, Nn´bmb IaoIcWw ˛ 1

BsI ˛ 4

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 5

Dt±iyw Bflmhns‚ Bhnjv°mcw km[yamIp∂Xv amXr`mjbneqsSbmWv F∂v

[mcWbp≠mIp∂Xn\v.

Xangn¬ H∏v \n¿_‘w\oeKncn : Xangv\m´nse \oeKncn Pn√bn¬ Xangn¬

H∏nSm\dnbmØ DtZymKÿ¿°v iºfh¿≤\ d±m°psa∂v

Pn√m dh\yq Hm^ok¿ ap∂dnbn∏v \¬In

]Xhm¿Ø Ip´nIƒ hmbn°p∂p. N¿®

˛ XangcpsS GXv hnImcamWv ChnsS ]ISamIp∂Xv ?

˛ aebmfØn¬ H∏nSp∂ FX aebmfnIƒ D≠v ?

˛ aebmfØn¬ H∏nSp∂Xv A`nam\ambn \n߃°v tXm∂p∂pt≠m ?

F¥psIm≠v ?

N¿®bn¬ DcpØncn™ Bib߃ tImUoIcn°p∂p.

a‰p≈ mjIƒ tIhew [mXnam¿

a¿Xy\p s]‰Ω X≥ mj Xm≥

˛ BcpsS hcnIfmWnh ?

˛ CXnse Bibsa¥v ?

˛ tIhew F∂Xns‚ ]k‡n F¥v ?

Bflmhns‚ Bhnjv°mcw km[yamIp∂Xv amXr`mjbneqsSbmsW∂v Ihn

]dbp∂p. aebmfnIƒ B¿÷htØmsS Cu ]tabw Dƒs°m≈p∂pt≠m?

]Xhm¿ØbpsSbpw IhnXm`mKØns‚bpw Bibw Dƒs°m≠psIm≠v

hniIe\°pdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

hm¿Ø, IhnXmwiw ChbpsS Bib߃ hna¿i\mflIambn

hnebncpØnbn´p≠v ˛ 2

kz¥w \ne]mSv hy‡am°nbn´p≠v ˛ 1

efnXamb mj ˛ 1

BsI ˛ 4

]h¿Ø\w 6

Dt±iyw : Bflobamb Iogvs∏SpØens‚ am[yaamIp∂p mj.

Rm≥ h¿Øam\w ]dbp∂ coXn°mWv CsX√mw FgpXnbncn°p∂Xv

v‚p∏q∏ms°mcmt\≠m¿∂v F∂ IrXnbnse Kmay]Z߃ hnh¿ØIsc Gsd

Ipg°n

˛ ta¬ kqN\Iƒ F¥mWv \tΩmSv ]dbp∂Xv ?

˛ aebmf mjbpsS IcpØt√ ChnsS ]ISamIp∂Xv ?

N¿®

\mw ]Wbw hbv]q \ΩpsS mjsb

as‰mcp \m´nse shÆbpw sdm´nbpw

t\Sphm≥ amXambv

˛ H.F≥.hn

˛ Cu IhnXmwiØns‚ Bibsa¥v ?

˛ aebmfn°v GXp mjbpw hgßpw F∂mtWm CXp kqNn∏n°p∂Xv ?

N¿®

aebmfw A\mbmkambn ]Tn°m≥ ]‰n√ F∂Xv aebmfØns‚ IcpØpw

aebmfn A\y`mjIƒ thKw ]Tn°p∂p F∂Xv aebmfnbpsS IcØpamWv.

Cu ]kvXmh\tbmSv \n߃ tbmPn°p∂pthm ? aebmf`mjsb CsXßs\

_m[n°pw ? kzm`n]mbw ka¿∞n°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

Bib߃ ]I-Sn-∏n- p≠v ˛ 2

kz¥w \ne]mSv ˛ 2

hna¿i\mflI Nn¥bpw bp‡n]q¿∆ap≈ ka¿∞\hpw ˛ 2

BsI ˛ 4

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 7

Dt±iyw mj kwkv°mcØns‚ Nn”amWv F∂p Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\v.

Xo Iq´n Np‰pancp∂v IY tI´ncp∂ A°mesØ kmbm”߃ Fs‚ Hm¿Ωbnep≠vv

˛ BcpsS Hm¿Ωbn¬ ?

˛ AØcw IYIfnse IYm]mX߃ Bcmbncp∂p ?

˛ ]tabw F¥mbncp∂p ?

˛ a\pjy IYm]mXßfnse c≠p Xc°m¿ Bscms° ?

˛ BXy¥nI \∑ B¿°mbncp∂p ?

Bib߃ tImUoIcn°p∂p.

˛ \Ωp°pw Hm¿Ωn°m≥ CØcw IYIfpsS Hcp Imew D≠mbncp∂nt√ ?

˛ C∂v \ΩpsS kmbm”߃ BcmWv IøS°nbncn°p∂Xv ?

˛ Cooked food Bbn e`n°p∂, tNmZyßfn√mØ C∂sØ IYIƒ \sΩ

k∑m¿§ t_m[Ønte°p \bn°p∂pt≠m ?

X∂ncn°p∂ kqN\Iƒ hnIkn∏n®v

amXr`mjbpw \mtSmSnkmlnXyhpw F∂ hnjbØn¬ Hcp ]`mjWw Xømd°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

i‡amb Bib߃ Bhnjv°cn®n´p≠v ˛ 2

ImcyImcWklnXw ka¿∞n®n´p≠v ˛ 2

BibIaoIcWw / mj ˛ 1

DNnXamb LS\ ˛ 1

BsI ˛ 6

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 9

Dt±iyw : amXr`mjm]T\w \ntj[n°s∏Sp∂h¿°v kzXzw Xs∂ \jvSs∏Sp∂p.

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 9

P\n°pw \nanjw sXms´≥

aI∂nw•ojv ]Tn°Ww

AXn\mse≥ mcyX≥ t]d˛

ßnw•≠nem°n Rm≥

Ip™pÆnamjv

˛ aebmfnbpsS GXp at\m`mhsØbmWv Ip™pÆnamjv ChnsS

]cnlkn°p∂Xv ?

˛ aebmfnbpsS a\ v amtd≠Xpt≠m ? F¥psIm≠v ?

˛ amXr`mjm]T\w \ntj[n°s∏Sp∂ Ip´n°v Fs¥ms°bmWv

\jvSs∏Sp∂Xv ?

hm°ns‚ IqsScnbp∂p F∂ ]mT`mKØnse Bib߃ IqSn

]cnKWn®psIm≠v aebmfw ad°p∂ aebmfn F∂ hnjbØn¬ Hcp D]\ymkw

Xømdm°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

aqey \n¿Æb kqNI߃

IhnXmwibØns‚bpw ]mT`mKØns‚bpw Bib߃ ]ckv]cw

_‘s∏SpØnbn´p≠v ˛ 2

Is≠ØepIƒ bp‡n]q¿∆w ka¿∞n®n´p≠v ˛ 2

A\ptbmPyamb mj, LS\ ˛ 2

BsI ˛ 6

]h¿Ø\w ˛ 10

Dt±iyw ˛ `mjmkvt\lhpw tZikvt\lhpw ImetZimXnh¿ØnbmWv

F∂dnbp∂Xn\v.

Aßs\ hoSpw hbepw R߃°v ]mYanI hnZymebßfmbn.

˛ BcmWnßs\ ]d™Xv ?

˛ ImcWsa¥v ?

˛ B hnZymebØn¬ F¥p ]mTßfmWp ]Tn®Xv ?

˛ BcmWp ]Tn∏n®Xv ?

Chn-sS-sb√mw Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ Xp≈n-Ifpw Xcn-Ifpw Xfn¿∏p-Ifpw thcp-Ifpw

NnX-dn-°n-S-∏p-≠v. ˛ k°dnb

Cu hm°p-Iƒ \tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-sX-¥m-Wv.

˛ Cßs\ ]dbm≥ ImcWsa¥v ?

˛ Xs‚ tZiØns‚ Hcp ]m¿tizmXv]∂w amXamWv Xms\∂v k°dnb

]d™sX¥psIm≠mhmw ?

˛ aÆpÆnbmWv Xms\∂v k°dnb A`nam\n°p∂sX¥psIm≠v ?

kz¥w `mjbnepw, tZiØnepw A`nam\n°p∂ Cu c≠p

kmlnXyImc∑mcpsS ]kvXmh\Iƒ XmcXayw sNbvXv Ipdn∏v Xømdm°pI.

kvtIm¿ ˛ 4

aqey\n¿Æb kqNI߃

]kvXmh\Ifnse Bibw - 2

kam\XIƒ Is≠-Øn-bn- p≠v ˛ 1

A\ptbmPyamb mj ˛ 1

BsI ˛ 4

bqWn‰v ˛ 2thWao kvt\l _‘-ß-fq-gn-bn¬

sIm®p ZpxJßfpdßq ˛ H.F≥.hn

_“mebw ˛ hn.Sn. ´Xncn∏mSv

tXmcmag ˛ d^o°v AlΩZv

Fs¥ms°tbm \jvSs∏´ Hcmƒ ˛ C. lcnIpam¿

bqWn‰nse ]mT`mK߃ hniIe\w sNøphm\pw a\pjy_‘߃°p≠mb A]Nbw,

kzm¿∞X, hn]W\ Xmev]cyw, XpSßnbh Xncn®dnbm\pw kmaqly _‘ßfpw

kvt\lhpamWv a\pjys\ a\pjy\m°p∂Xv F∂ Nn¥ hfcphm\pw kz¥w

\ne]mSpIƒ hy‡am°phm\pw th≠n ]m\¬ N¿® \SØp∂p.

]m\¬ N¿®

kvt\lØns‚ alXzw

hn]WnbpsS X¥ßƒ

\jvSambns°m≠ncn°p∂ tIcfØ\na

IpSpw_ _‘ßfpsS ]hnXX

kmaqly _‘ßfpsS ]k‡n

tamUtd‰sd Is≠Øp∂p. hnjbw Ip´nIƒ°v \¬Ip∂p. ]m\¬ N¿® \S°p∂p. a‰p

Ip´nI¬°v N¿®bn¬ ]s¶Sp°phm≥ Ahkcw \¬IWw

]m\¬ N¿®bn¬ bqWn‰nse

]mT`mK߃ \¬Ip∂ Bibw

N¿®sNøs∏Sp∂p F∂v A[ym]nI

Dd∏p hcpØWw. Ip´nIƒ°v kz¥w

\ne]mSpIƒ hy‡am°phm\pw bp‡n

]q¿∆w ka¿∞n°phm\pap≈ Ahkcw

Dd∏m°Ww.

1. ]h¿Ø\w : ]XnIcW°pdn∏p Xømdm°¬

tIcfobw kaqlw C∂\p`hn°p∂ ]iv\ßfmtWm Ihn H.F≥.hn Ipdp∏v

sIm®p ZpxJßfpdßq F∂ IhnXbn¬ Bhnjv°cn°p∂Xv ? N¿® sNøpI.

kqNI߃ : ]m´n\p ImtXm¿°p∂ imhW]pjv]߃

˛ A]Xy£ambns°m≠ncn°p∂ Imhy kwkv°mc

˛ hn‰pt]mb a¨IpSw F¥nepw hn]W\ e£yw

˛ ]p≈ph hoWp abßn ˛ AkaXz߃s°Xnscbp≈

DW¿Øp]m v C∂n√.

tImUoIcWw : temIØns‚ ZpxJw kzbw kzoIcn°p∂hcmWv

IhnIƒ. kaqlØns‚ ZpxJhpw Zpc¥hpw

AhcpsS IrXnIfn¬ ]Xn^en°p∂p.

1. ]h¿Ø\w ]Xn-I-cW °pdn∏p Xøm-dm-°¬

tIc-fob kaqlw C∂-\p- -hn-°p∂ ]iv\-ß-fmtWm Ihn-H.-F≥.-hn.-Ip-dp∏v sIm®p ZpJ-ß-

fp-dßq F∂ Ihn-X-bn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. N¿® sNøp.

kqN-I-߃ ]m´n\p ImtXm¿°p∂ imhW ]pjv]-߃

A]-Xy-£-ambns°m≠n-cn-°p∂ Imhy kwkvImcw

hn‰p-t]mb a¨Ip-Sw.

]p≈ph hoW ab-ßn˛ Ak-a-Xz-߃s°-Xnscbp≈ DW¿Øp ]m´v C∂n-√.

tImUo-I-cWw

temI-Øns‚ ZpJw kzbw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv Ihn-Iƒ. kaq-lØns‚ ZpJhpw Zpc-

¥hpw Ah-cpsS IrXn-I-fn¬ ]Xn- -en-°p-∂p.

sshb-‡nI ZpJ-ß-tf-°mƒ kaq-l-Øns‚ ZpJ-߃ G‰p hmßp-∂-h-cmWv Ihn-Iƒ Cu

A`n-]m-b-tØmSv \n߃ tbmPn-°p-∂p-t≠m. H.-F≥.-hn. Ipdp-∏ns‚ sIm®p ZpJ-ß-fp-dßq

F∂ Ihn-Xsb ASn-ÿm-\-am°n ]Xn-I-cn-°p∂ kqN-I-߃.

Bibw Is≠-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

Ah-X-cW coXn Xncn-®-dn-™n- p-≠v.

kzm`n-]m-bw, mj

2.]h¿Ø\w Xmc-X-ay-°p-dn∏p Xøm-dm-°¬

kmaqly ]iv\-lvM-tfmSv Ihn-Iƒ ]Xn-I-cn-°p∂hcm-tWm-\n-߃ ]cn-N-b-s∏- n- p≈ Ihn-

X-I-fn¬ CØcw ]iv\-߃ ssIImcyw sNbvXn- p-t≠m.

kqN-I-߃ ˛ kuµcy ]qP, kpKX Ipam-cn-bpsS Ihn-X-Iƒ IS-Ω-\n- -°-hn-X-Iƒ.

Fs¥√mw ]iv-\-ß-tfmSv Ch¿ ]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂p.

]Xn-I-c-W-߃°p kam\ kz`m-h-ap-t≠m.

tImUo-I-cWw

`mjm-I-hn-Iƒ, mjbv°pw ]Ir-Xn°pw kaq-l-Øn\pw D≠m-Ip∂

A]-N-b-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]Xn-I-cn-®-h-cm-Wv.

tNmZyw ]d-∂p-t]mbv ]©-h¿Æ-°n-fn-°q- -߃ t]meth Ip∂n≥sN-cn-hn-tem-W-∏q-°p-

ºn-tf-¥nb k‘y-Iƒ.

imhW ]pjv]-߃ ImtXm¿Øp \n¬°p-t∂m-co-h-gn-Øm-c-bn-eqsS H°Øp ]m´ns‚ tX≥Ip-

S-ta¥n \o sbØn-bn√ ¥o ab-ßn.

\mSns‚ \jvS ku`m-Ky-ß-fn¬ Cu c≠p Ihn-Ifpw ]cn-X-]n-°p-∂p-t≠m. IhnXm `mK-

߃ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv Xmc-X-ay-°p-dn∏p Xøm-dm-°p-I.

aq.-kq. IhnXm mK-ß-fpsS Bibw Is≠-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

Xmc-Xayw sNbvXn- p-≠v.

Ah-X-cW coXn, mj

]h¿Ø\w

3. hna¿i\ °pdn∏p Xøm-dm-°¬

tIcfw kµ¿in® kzman hnth-Im-\-µ≥ tIcfw Hcp `m¥m-e-b-am-sW∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏- p.

At±lw Aßs\ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sm-\p≈ Imc-W-߃ Fs¥m-s°-bm-hmw.˛ N¿®.

kqN-I-߃

. PmXo-b-amb Ak-aXzw

. A‘-hn-izm-k-߃

. A\m-Nm-c-߃

. P≥anØw

. Iqc-amb in£m \S-]-Sn-Iƒ

tImUo-I-cWw

Hcp Ime-L- -Øn¬ tIc-fob kaq-l-Øn\p im]-ambn PmXo-b-X, P≥an-Øw, A‘-hn-izm-

kw, XpS-ßnbh sImSn-IpØn hmWn-cp-∂p. C∂pw Cu ]h-WX ]q¿Æ-ambn \oßn-bn- n-√.

tNmZyw PmXo-b-X, P≥\-anØw A‘-hn-izmkw XpS-ßn-b-h-s°-Xnsc \thm-∞m\ \mb-

I≥am¿ t]mcmSn hnPbw t\Sn.-F-∂m¬ C∂p \ΩpsS kaqlw CØcw ]h-W-X-I-fn¬

\n∂v ]q¿Æ-ambn ap‡n t\Sn-bn- p-t≠m.-hn-a¿i-\m-fl-I-ambn Ipdn∏p Xøm-dm-°p-I.

aq.-kq.

. kmaqly ]iv\-ßsf hni-I-e\w sNbvXn- p-≠v.

. B[p-\nI kmaq-lym-hÿ Xncn-®-dn-™n- p-≠v.

. kzm`n-]mbw , mj

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

4. ]h¿Ø\w FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ Xøm-dm-°p-I.

]X-hm¿Ø-Iƒ.A—s\ Xe-bv°-Sn®p sIm∂ aI≥ Ad-Ãn¬

.Kp≠m hnf-bm´w ˛ \Kcw `oj-Wn-bn¬

.kvIqƒ A[n-Ir-X¿ PmXn FgpXn Ip´n-bpsS Igp-Øn¬ Xq°n-bn- p.

.aIsf \nc-¥cw ]oUn-∏n® ]nXmh vAd-Ãn¬.

Cu ]X hm¿Ø-Iƒ tIcfw t\cn-Sp∂ GsX√mw ]iv\-ß-fn-te-°mWv hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xv.

N¿®.

kqN-I-߃ ˛ tIcfw t\cn-Sp∂ ]pXnb ]iv\-߃

PmXn, P≥an-Øw, apX-em-fn-Øw, \Kc hXv°-cWw

tIcfw ho≠pw kmwkvIm-cnIambn A[.-]-Xn-°p-∂p.

tImUo-I-cWw

]≠v PmXn P≥anØw A‘-hn-izmkw XpS-ßnb A\m-Nm-c-߃ amX-am-bn-cp∂p ]iv\-sa-

¶n¬ C∂v hnizm-k-an-√mbva a\p-jy-Xz-an-√m-bva, kwkvIm-c-iq-\y-X, IqSn ae-bm-fn°v ]pXp-

Xmbn D≠m-bn.

imkvX ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw hnZym- ymk cwKsØ hf¿®bpw tIc-fob kaq-lsØ am‰n adn®p

F∂p ]d-bn-∂p-s≠-¶nepw h¿Ø-am\ Ime tIc-fob PohnXw Akz-ÿ-Iƒ \nd-™-Xm-Wv.

tIc-fob Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]iv\߃ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ Xøm-dm-°p-I.

aq.-kq.

.. Bi-b-߃ Is≠-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

. bp‡n ]q¿∆w DZm-l-cW klnXw \nco-£-W-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n- p-≠v.

. i‡-amb mj

. LS\ io¿j-Iw, Bap-Jw, hnjb hnIm-kw, D]-kw-lmcw

BsI kvtIm¿ ˛ 6

ASnÿm\ ]mTmhen