Nearktická zoogeografická oblast

Nearktická zoogeografická oblast

• Rozloha: cca 15 % souše

• Geografie: kontinent Severní Amerika (spolu s ostrovy nad sev. pobřežím Kanady, Grónsko) až po střední část Mexika.

• Holarktická oblast je Nearktida + Palearktida• Klima, vegetace: obdoba palearktického klimatu i vegetace, díky

obdobné zem. poloze a rozloze kontinentu. V části - listnaté lesy, vnitrozemí- prérie,tajga, Z části - jehličnaté lesy, chladné klima: tajga,. tundra, arktida, JZ části - pouště

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• FAUNA. Charakteristika:

• SAVCI: počet čeledí nízký (27), endemické čeledi 2: sudokopytníci: Antilocapridae - vidlorohovití (1druh), hlodavci: Aplodontidae bobruškovití (1dr.) a subendemická č. Geomyidae- pytlonošovití - zasahují do Střed. Ameriky

• Druhové bohatství stoupá od severu Aljašky (25 dr.) na jih Kalifornie (114 dr.)

Geomys bursarius pytlonoš nížinný

Aplodontia rufa bobruška

Antilocapra americana

vidloroh americký

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://dirttime.ws/Photos/IM003477.jpg&imgrefurl=http://dirttime.ws/Notebook/Aplodontia.htm&usg=__G7fbe9cvYTNFGa7DP_7kk_OpmAA=&h=480&w=640&sz=66&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=4MrPMoc8ockIDM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAplodontia%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

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krtek hvězdonosý (Condylura cristata).

tadarida guánová Tadarida brasiliensis

http://www.biolib.cz/cz/taxon/id34919/

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http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Talpidae/Condylura/cristata/images/Condylura_cristata_map.Smithsonian.240.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Talpidae/Condylura/cristata/&usg=__cGqw1eNi0w0gdJWMm4JIWNX7JuM=&h=240&w=219&sz=11&hl=cs&start=18&tbnid=b-f6cJeLi2CIfM:&tbnh=110&tbnw=100&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCondylura%2Bcristata%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

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http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.noctilio.com/photos_folder/Images/27.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.noctilio.com/photos_folder/noctilio_photo_pages/27.html&usg=__oUiSYjDWjy-Ci9A-3mT2zy_z4uI=&h=725&w=1087&sz=131&hl=cs&start=39&tbnid=suQF5eAQAX5XbM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DTadarida%2Bmexicana%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

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ZAJÍCI (Lagomorfa)

pišťucha pikaOchotona princeps

Králík pouštní Sylvilagus adubonii

Sylvilagus obscurus

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://salamandercandy.files.wordpress.com/2007/09/pika.jpg&imgrefurl=http://salamandercandy.wordpress.com/2006/09/13/organisms-that-are-totally-sweet-2-pikas/&usg=__rPdR6tVvjRrhtbm8c7AelAeetgk=&h=269&w=400&sz=125&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=mlv7vWrGwc7L7M:&tbnh=83&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOchotona%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://s190.photobucket.com/albums/z257/americanwildlife/Mammal/Z-mahalie-pika.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wildlifenorthamerica.com/Mammal/American-Pika/Ochotona/princeps.html&usg=__p6KyYOabxwSZ9_00vDjYm3esP7I=&h=600&w=800&sz=90&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=q2oRkE4PfySK0M:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOchotona%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.duke.edu/~jspippen/mammals/appycottontail060513-1613bckcrkz.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.duke.edu/~jspippen/mammals/mammals.htm&usg=__6ABu7ZWuEdIYzwCLA0xY6zgrDF8=&h=570&w=700&sz=78&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=b623qw7w7BQ74M:&tbnh=114&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSylvilagus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

HLODAVCI (Rodentia)

Svišť lesní - Marmota monax

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http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.focusonnature.com/Mammal64.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.focusonnature.com/MammalListNorthAmerica.htm&usg=__OAz1jhOSS8g2b-cNNpJ5x9l5Lco=&h=481&w=595&sz=53&hl=cs&start=16&tbnid=iY1Cgz-EdtyDVM:&tbnh=109&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMarmota%2Bmonax%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/Grzimek_mammals/ground_squirrels/Marmota_monax.jpg/medium.jpg&imgrefurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/Grzimek_mammals/ground_squirrels/Marmota_monax.jpg/view.html&usg=__6MPWawfqnVwu542m2cjbRm4vCds=&h=480&w=398&sz=27&hl=cs&start=11&tbnid=DyzTz5B3JA9pmM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMarmota%2Bmonax%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

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HLODAVCI (Rodentia)

Psoun prériový Cynomys ludovicianus

Burunduk - Eutamias sibiricuspříbuzný druh z palearktidy

Čipmank Tamias dorsalis

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.featuredpix.com/uploads/0/88_500x500.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.galleryofpix.com/imagegallery/6_featured-animals&usg=__anj3I0QY549VNlGrj6ChVL0KuOc=&h=500&w=500&sz=109&hl=cs&start=14&tbnid=_OcTCkVH-q9RBM:&tbnh=130&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCynomys%2Bludovicianus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wc.pima.edu/Bfiero/tucsonecology/animals/Images/mw_hasq_01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://wc.pima.edu/Bfiero/tucsonecology/animals/mamm_hasq.htm&usg=__NKgfd_A4p7O4D2-PLtDkTwJqUkw=&h=263&w=350&sz=21&hl=cs&start=15&tbnid=5A4mnc41OPM1VM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEutamias%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.birdskorea.org/Images/images2008/04/Chipmunk_MP.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.birdskorea.org/Birds/Birdnews/BK-BN-birdnews-2008-04.shtml&usg=__VPhFAmT4B3Cau4H8-3TPs910AUY=&h=450&w=680&sz=99&hl=cs&start=41&tbnid=x-NcLCTL2TBnNM:&tbnh=92&tbnw=139&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEutamias%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D40

HLODAVCI (Rodentia)

poletuška Asapan (Glaucomys volans)

poletuška severní

Glaucomys sabrinus

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nature.ca/Notebooks/images/img/132_p_p186_northern_flying_squirrel_p.jpg&imgrefurl=http://nature.ca/Notebooks/English/flysquir_p8.htm&usg=__IdOo97U6k8SnqYm44AaRPfbwr0o=&h=400&w=600&sz=61&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=NgCPY-rkE4FBBM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGlaucomys%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/phil_myers/classic/glaucomys_volans.jpg/medium.jpg&imgrefurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/phil_myers/classic/glaucomys_volans.jpg/view.html&usg=__ktpc8aliJQZ0PkEGOAi9pMMvbpA=&h=480&w=610&sz=73&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=fMGSZ7hIjjfZ2M:&tbnh=107&tbnw=136&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGlaucomys%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Sciuridae/Glaucomys/volans/images/Glaucomys_volans_map.240.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Sciuridae/Glaucomys/volans/&usg=__iUw0KPycnzdenLd7lco4crb02Ak=&h=240&w=222&sz=9&hl=cs&start=26&tbnid=fnY0paEcEfb7OM:&tbnh=110&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGlaucomys%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Sciuridae/Glaucomys/sabrinus/images/Glaucomys_sabrinus_map.240.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Sciuridae/Glaucomys/sabrinus/&usg=__qYdLxI9NGTsQV01lnwKQXFIAiaw=&h=240&w=232&sz=9&hl=cs&start=36&tbnid=lWl8Qx_R1aoiUM:&tbnh=110&tbnw=106&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGlaucomys%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nature.ca/notebooks/images/img/132_p_0052_p.jpg&imgrefurl=http://nature.ca/notebooks/english/flysquir_p6.htm&usg=__cTnuCbYi0_ZpGimpQKHSxZxDv3w=&h=350&w=600&sz=71&hl=cs&start=41&tbnid=hBAj9nRfWhaIrM:&tbnh=79&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGlaucomys%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D40

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biokids.umich.edu/files/21410/sabrinus2_medium.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/3386/Glaucomys_sabrinus/pictures/&usg=__wYeo6jsZKEBowZMRf_GDQ9CfFXw=&h=480&w=465&sz=67&hl=cs&start=42&tbnid=FwBJSB_jp-XnTM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=125&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGlaucomys%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D40

HLODAVCI (Rodentia)

Pytlouš Dipodomys merriami

Peromyscus leucopus

Peromyscus eremicus

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Dipodomys_nitratoides.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dipodomys_nitratoides.jpg&usg=__pgh-rVXgmqL4mcvYC3kL5QbCjUQ=&h=1500&w=2100&sz=375&hl=cs&start=16&tbnid=AD2paOCetWb9rM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DDipodomys%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mnh.si.edu/mna/ThumbNails/illustrations/TN_DipCalifornicus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mnh.si.edu/mna/image_info.cfm%3Fspecies_id%3D81&usg=__g15qGShKEop70xLYGOwBcnDpJcs=&h=220&w=220&sz=16&hl=cs&start=29&tbnid=lwVZo-MhCAgkjM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3DDipodomys%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/islandcreekes/ecology/Mammals/White-footed%2520Mouse/pleucopus1m1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/white-footed_mouse.htm&usg=___RFOBCzoDvFNZ5LI0f34b_bzBRA=&h=351&w=443&sz=55&hl=cs&start=19&tbnid=52fIUsWy57wMOM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=127&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPeromyscus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.blairsociety.com/mc/Lifelist/Mammals/Large/Peromyscus_eremicus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.blairsociety.com/mc/LLMammals.html&usg=__zTT8t5LMCW6eO-nLwBI_DmvU5SU=&h=768&w=1024&sz=309&hl=cs&start=17&tbnid=WgzeVMn7_pCyMM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPeromyscus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Muridae/Peromyscus/leucopus/images/Peromyscus_leucopus_map.240.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Muridae/Peromyscus/leucopus/&usg=__pXFdjBxPWUvvlg2EFkW5n87JdcM=&h=240&w=223&sz=9&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=mdDKG80hFZeKfM:&tbnh=110&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPeromyscus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

HLODAVCI (Rodentia)

Bobr kanadský Castor canadensis

ondatra pižmová Ondatra zibethica

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://i.pbase.com/o6/28/620428/1/76632649.oTyIyhFH.Muskrat6PatuxentNorth31007.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.pbase.com/linthicum/image/76632649&usg=__vIVqs38OVdFEPM0-4zIMzXfscC4=&h=541&w=788&sz=166&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=jropqBwxFd6v7M:&tbnh=98&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOndatra%2Bzibethicus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.europe-aliens.org/images/LimitedSize/649_44_2_Hab_Ondatra%2520zibethicus%2520-%2520Photo%25202%2520-%2520Veli-Matti%2520Vaananen.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.europe-aliens.org/photoGallery.html&usg=__EJsXxXMUbKDcM4_R8CzBiwLwGSE=&h=500&w=750&sz=118&hl=cs&start=28&tbnid=ze5R5oHFMpMuXM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=141&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOndatra%2Bzibethicus%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.guh.cz/edu/bi/biologie_obratlovci/foto05/foto_021.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.guh.cz/edu/bi/biologie_obratlovci/html05/foto_021.html&usg=__-7DihIX9BSogH1yYcI_UkNYEhbw=&h=400&w=575&sz=41&hl=cs&start=27&tbnid=RvpUh8uq-yMj9M:&tbnh=93&tbnw=134&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOndatra%2Bzibethicus%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.animalpicturesarchive.com/Arch01/1087938224.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.animalpicturesarchive.com/view.php%3Fdid%3D2926%26tid%3D2&usg=__B2ynnuSl9MWcHQ5Eb_gnUQaLvUk=&h=941&w=1391&sz=298&hl=cs&start=18&tbnid=k1csFbEgUlRdNM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCastor%2Bcanadensis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.kingofbeaver.com/fat_beaver.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.kingofbeaver.com/&usg=__as1ipy856GFxgIJCn6k7hOf_YdM=&h=301&w=300&sz=33&hl=cs&start=11&tbnid=sU7Da2z55JD7TM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCastor%2Bcanadensis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.geostrategis.com/images2/beaver_map2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.geostrategis.com/p_beavers.htm&usg=__OT4hq_Fu06Zd7YKXrzjZc-kDq4I=&h=294&w=300&sz=17&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=FsjSGjnDT5GzgM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCastor%2Bcanadensis%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

HLODAVCI (Rodentia)

Urson americký - Erethizon dorsatum

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/BIG/38102.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.biolib.cz/cz/image/id38102/&usg=__OgBjgGLgz3qiqu4guUbr4fE8Pw0=&h=2592&w=1944&sz=1996&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=AL_oOvYA2_bEcM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=113&prev=/images%3Fq%3DErethizon%2Bdorsatum%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/36/62536-004-3C25DAF2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/418894/108820/North-American-porcupine&usg=__UUiMQDfUQfBgVrHKLyRvVBrLILg=&h=300&w=370&sz=34&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=uAT7QCyKN85ZAM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3DErethizon%2Bdorsatum%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wildlifenorthamerica.com/Maps/northamewricanporcupine.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.wildlifenorthamerica.com/ylang/es/Mammal/North-American-Porcupine/Erethizon/dorsatum.html&usg=__KeMULCdex5gdfjTLTADBr55bQk0=&h=192&w=200&sz=17&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=nHlZupbKzjicMM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3DErethizon%2Bdorsatum%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.zoopraha.cz/upload/zvirata/lex000000331__p.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.zoopraha.cz/cs/o-zviratech/lexikon/urzon&usg=__PTVLfq53ODHdNsrCLNjumot7KQA=&h=270&w=400&sz=32&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=VEeBMe2UAeI4AM:&tbnh=117&tbnw=156&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUrzon%2Bamerick%25C3%25BD%2B-%2BErethizon%2Bdorsatum%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DX%26gbv%3D2%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=392&vpy=72&dur=6156&hovh=184&hovw=273&tx=138&ty=94&ei=OUAmTYDtFo7AswbD6I29Ag&oei=JUAmTaKPGND44AaqtryvCQ&esq=4&page=1&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0

ŠELMY Carnivora

Lynx rufus rys červenýCanis latrans kojot prérijní

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.canids.org/species/Range_maps/Coyote_3745_v1224016663.png&imgrefurl=http://www.canids.org/species/Canis_latrans.htm&usg=__8vHD6MgcwDH6CU4CAVb-xETkURE=&h=352&w=478&sz=19&hl=cs&start=6&tbnid=uUALcInVhme8gM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCanis%2Blatrans%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Canis_latrans.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canis_latrans.jpg&usg=__Im-zk_aNY0IsJvlB7v7cxl8vtCs=&h=526&w=600&sz=113&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=PLdQWntB4FX26M:&tbnh=118&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCanis%2Blatrans%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.greglasley.net/Images/Coyote-F1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.greglasley.net/coyote.html&usg=__Nn7yTW4BxX4n9XXL7pIx1NbVIp0=&h=725&w=496&sz=103&hl=cs&start=15&tbnid=vweOewMjhz20YM:&tbnh=140&tbnw=96&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCanis%2Blatrans%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.msbackwoodstaxidermy.com/images/lynx_rufus1374252.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.msbackwoodstaxidermy.com/About_Us.php&usg=__Q21gIzjQQHIdNj8HNSNnj4dL-s8=&h=800&w=555&sz=127&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=ZLDTOrRloiSgyM:&tbnh=143&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLynx%2Brufus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.duke.edu/~jspippen/mammals/bobcat-1-bouton.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.duke.edu/~jspippen/mammals/mammals.htm&usg=__mBf6mAeh1e4e-QmZUgAVXwTLBWw=&h=519&w=600&sz=55&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=1cx97oQ_gdisxM:&tbnh=117&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLynx%2Brufus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.agarman.dial.pipex.com/bco/images/map-bobc.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.agarman.dial.pipex.com/bco/bobcat.htm&usg=__6kVR03zghcbApvS2pIHFLUQ-VRc=&h=168&w=194&sz=4&hl=cs&start=11&tbnid=ORqoC11Lo-ZuvM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=103&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLynx%2Brufus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

ŠELMY - Carnivora

Medvěd hnědý gryzzly -Ursus arctos horribilis

Medvěd baribal (Ursus americanus),

Puma americká (Puma concolor)

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wotcat.com/Maps/cougar.png&imgrefurl=http://www.wotcat.com/Mammal/Cougar/Puma/concolor.html&usg=__32bROI586K2tw2b1BRrj4jOxPvU=&h=599&w=463&sz=94&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=6KZy21qN-E85vM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPuma%2Bconcolor%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nyfalls.com/wildlife/gallery/mammals/Puma-concolor/01-large.jpg&imgrefurl=http://nyfalls.com/wildlife/Wildlife-mammals-cat-dog.html&usg=__bGV2OyUySJK8K_Ve58fBXl8Sl3c=&h=373&w=500&sz=76&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=DmPyP3X5FpmePM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPuma%2Bconcolor%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ncs/photos/cougar.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dailyyonder.com/oregon-sicks-dogs-cougars&usg=__7IAVPksLl-ILZzjg6Lubjuqe1FQ=&h=1587&w=1400&sz=1742&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=H6Hrxt_nc2JZ4M:&tbnh=150&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPuma%2Bconcolor%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://pick5.pick.uga.edu/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Ursidae/Ursus/americanus/images/Ursus_americanus_map.320.jpg&imgrefurl=http://pick5.pick.uga.edu/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DUrsus%2Bamericanus&usg=__AjaUh2oYDWuI0exySbSAHDcGj8I=&h=320&w=309&sz=13&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=dlVTw25_Wv0QFM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=114&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUrsus%2Bamericanus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.medvidata.webzdarma.cz/stranky/grizzly1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.medvidata.webzdarma.cz/stranky/grizzly.htm&usg=__B3Igavi0cK_AczS6UX3TQIxQNdA=&h=600&w=800&sz=120&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=3p50YJ3xedpP1M:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUrsus%2Barctos%2Bhorribilis%2BGrizzly%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mnh.si.edu/exhibits/natures_best_2008/gallery/JohnMorrow_WildlifeHH_lg.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mnh.si.edu/exhibits/natures_best_2008/gallery/grizzlybear.html&usg=__LUXh8E0KHlANBAq7ldkaGEKhYjQ=&h=600&w=468&sz=73&hl=cs&start=22&tbnid=nnK35ZDvwy97VM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=105&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUrsus%2Barctos%2Bhorribilis%2BGrizzly%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ursus_arctos_horribilis_map.svg/240px-Ursus_arctos_horribilis_map.svg.png&imgrefurl=http://wiki.verkata.com/en/wiki/Grizzly_bear&usg=__xmyV89AItg8f0UdXyPkWVUcCIwM=&h=279&w=240&sz=42&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=Ai5Xq_2ku_ES0M:&tbnh=114&tbnw=98&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUrsus%2Barctos%2Bhorribilis%2BGrizzly%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.firstpeople.us/pictures/bear/1600x1200/Im_All_Ears_American_Black_Bear_Cub_Minnesota-1600x1200.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.firstpeople.us/pictures/bear/Im-All-Ears-American-Black-Bear-Cub-Minnesota-1600x1200.html&usg=__jM_J93GvWXoIMqJobEbaIaTvrVQ=&h=1200&w=1600&sz=105&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=ZqiA-z7YlqRPLM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=183&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmedv%25C4%259Bd%2Bbaribal%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26lr%3Dlang_cs%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26tbs%3Disch:1,lr:lang_1cs&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=407&vpy=127&dur=828&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=113&ty=93&ei=HtX4TKafDMHo4AbL_qnqBA&oei=HtX4TKafDMHo4AbL_qnqBA&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=9&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.algomahighlandsconservancy.org/images/Black%2520bear%2520(Ursus%2520americanus).JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.algomahighlandsconservancy.org/index.cgi%3Fpage%3Dconservation&usg=__h90a_9F7GomQePjSzsslIgBS6sM=&h=500&w=700&sz=200&hl=cs&start=19&tbnid=lOmX8ZY_5tpy_M:&tbnh=100&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUrsus%2Bamericanus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

ŠELMY

Jezevec americký – Taxidea taxus

norek americký Neovison vison

Skunk pruhovanýMephitis mephitis

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Mustelidae/Mustela/vison/images/Mustela_vison_map.320.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DMustela%2Bvison&usg=__7z_GqVo2IkjfsTBx4vj5VCjf4ms=&h=320&w=300&sz=13&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=wnoXinP4yGhvYM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLutreola%2Bvison%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.europe-aliens.org/images/factsheetMaps/23_musvis.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.europe-aliens.org/speciesFactsheet.do%3FspeciesId%3D52880&usg=__TkRnal84iAXMy719ZhKfakzl7Rk=&h=381&w=556&sz=53&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=1jGZPJysaey7TM:&tbnh=91&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLutreola%2Bvison%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.first-nature.com/mammals/images/lutreola_vison1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.first-nature.com/mammals/lutreola_vison.htm&usg=__9Vxruh2ojViJ162LidDbSFuvviE=&h=300&w=400&sz=78&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=XJuNvlgejMwE9M:&tbnh=93&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLutreola%2Bvison%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wc-zope.emergence.com:8080/WildernessCommittee_Org/campaigns/wildlands/okanagan/reports/Vol25No04/images/01_Badger_81060.jpg&imgrefurl=http://wc-zope.emergence.com:8080/WildernessCommittee_Org/campaigns/wildlands/okanagan/reports/Vol25No04&usg=__PeLztzhQKeeGtvQazpjGBix_LTE=&h=790&w=722&sz=90&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=yNB7U4HUHA0u2M:&tbnh=143&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJezevec%2Bamerick%25C3%25BD%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.terrambiente.org/fauna/Mammiferi/carnivora/mustelidae/images/mephitis_macroura.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.terrambiente.org/fauna/Mammiferi/carnivora/mustelidae/&usg=__jPI8kCOuouzjnY77XGVckhEJZTw=&h=886&w=800&sz=85&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=GJ5gX_T-UyjeFM:&tbnh=146&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMephitis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3089/2596593080_af75fcb1b5.jpg%3Fv%3D0&imgrefurl=http://flickr.com/photos/99823147%40N00/2596593080&usg=__4ecQpzHIULas1wRcCktfMADv0Qc=&h=361&w=500&sz=197&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=w-5E19IhIxJ3GM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMephitis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wildlifenorthamerica.com/Maps/stripedskunk.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.wildlifenorthamerica.com/Mammal/Striped-Skunk/Mephitis/mephitis.html&usg=__y1g8NeqClbanAMBRhNVo4KHQ33g=&h=154&w=160&sz=12&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=nUSGm0F-1ciOaM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=98&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMephitis%2Bmephitis%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

Sudokopytníci Artiodactyla

jelenec ušatý Odocoileus hemionus

jelen wapiti Cervus elaphus canadensisi

los aljašský Alces alces gigas

sob Rangifertarandus

http://www.biolib.cz/cz/taxon/id33593/

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tichyphoto.com/photo/jelenec-usaty-2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://coolblog4.blog.cz/0704/obrazky-zvierat&usg=__0EpVtgGWU-17ekrzOYBt-KxLReA=&h=365&w=549&sz=55&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=2qTRiKYFQcPt6M:&tbnh=88&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Djelenec%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lucias.webz.cz/kanada2006/yukon/48dsc01312.jpg&imgrefurl=http://lucias.webz.cz/kanada2006/yukon/galery.htm&usg=__mMLv7u7o56gtbe0AnV3e6aU3hUw=&h=473&w=640&sz=97&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=cnuhIyk671EUMM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlos%2Bkanadsk%25C3%25BD%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://prirodazs.wz.cz/obrazky/los_evropsky1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://prirodazs.wz.cz/&usg=__RO7CYHTesk1AbE0cndfiQOt2KC8=&h=468&w=468&sz=37&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=mBNNfwaHUVuDsM:&tbnh=128&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlos%2Bevropsk%25C3%25BD%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.animalpicturesarchive.com/ArchOLD/1090203231.jpg&imgrefurl=http://volary.vesele.info/o-sumave&usg=__uf55qBBpvOkG4Nlbhhs9U1ZvWmA=&h=601&w=800&sz=178&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=-AOY50IcrnKNiM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlos%2Bevropsk%25C3%25BD%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs

http://www.biolib.cz/cz/taxonimage/id67580/?taxonid=20897

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/21443.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.biolib.cz/cz/taxonimage/id21443/&usg=__PwbF-a5VLfqjtSSXjBuRJiiiIts=&h=458&w=700&sz=90&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=m6-maPHhcVK8dM:&tbnh=109&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsob%2BRangifer%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=579&vpy=190&dur=6140&hovh=181&hovw=278&tx=155&ty=84&ei=aT8mTdrnBdiW4gb64NmEAg&oei=aT8mTdrnBdiW4gb64NmEAg&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:8,s:0

Sudokopytníci Artiodactyla

kamzík bělák ovce tlustorohá

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://oreamnosgroup.com/images/oreamnos_americanus_lowres.gif&imgrefurl=http://oreamnosgroup.com/&usg=__5QDeGLPl4j_3I69fqye4AXT8RqU=&h=256&w=311&sz=28&hl=cs&start=6&tbnid=Qe_EcQvf3rtR-M:&tbnh=96&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOreamnos%2Bamericanus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/96/75396-004-F747A85E.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/394899/119697/Mountain-goats-in-the-mountains-of-Olympic-National-Park-Washington&usg=__pQDhy-ifaIozuNgTA0YM8wy2gTw=&h=368&w=550&sz=25&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=TkT4ZpzWpXSOgM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOreamnos%2Bamericanus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.waza.org/virtualzoo/img/119-009-039-001%2520oreamnos_map.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.waza.org/virtualzoo/factsheet.php%3Fid%3D119-009-039-001%26view%3DSheep,%2520Goats%2520and%2520Chamois&usg=__UUWYBT4x02L0BYRjp3D5fKLpVR4=&h=200&w=200&sz=18&hl=cs&start=25&tbnid=uc82EMLtnBDQIM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOreamnos%2Bamericanus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.robertlpeters.com/news/wp-content/uploads/mountain_goat.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.robertlpeters.com/news/%3Fm%3D200901&usg=__TXeEQxQ3PaRGhQdccQtHtQFaLy0=&h=600&w=400&sz=128&hl=cs&start=18&tbnid=rnEGLrvLEYYDEM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=90&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOreamnos%2Bamericanus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.waza.org/virtualzoo/img/119-009-041-002%2520ovis_canadensis_map.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.waza.org/virtualzoo/factsheet.php%3Fid%3D119-009-041-002%26view%3DSheep,%2520Goats%2520and%2520Chamois&usg=__Lj5LHFug_No2vuaD5mJvDJgr4r0=&h=200&w=200&sz=18&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=P4NZJhxodNAPHM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOvis%2Bcanadensis%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/8/84/20080524184642!Ovis-dalli-map.png&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ovis-dalli-map.png&usg=__ESKAm26uLGgK1NkQy7w5DuUsiQI=&h=893&w=1000&sz=97&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=9_jb61FmIIlc_M:&tbnh=133&tbnw=149&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOvis%2Bdalli%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/1597/PreviewComp/SuperStock_1597-19525.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/1597-19525&usg=___4fx-hfKYYP_UmmWvEt6nGVGT-A=&h=350&w=296&sz=60&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=b7dJmtS62jYpoM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=101&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOvis%2Bdalli%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

Nearktická zoogeografická oblast• PTÁCI: žádná čeleď není endemická, jen 1 subendemickou čeledí jsou

Meleagridae - krocanovití, neboť Meleagris ocellata krocan paví je neotropický druh, zatímco M.gallopavo krocan divoký je nearktický druh.

Meleagris ocellata krocan paví

Meleagris gallopavo silvestris krocan divoký

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Meleagris_ocellata1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://tailotherat.blogspot.com/2008/11/turkey-report.html&usg=__a5vZ2XkKVtUoiOg5PnYz2BpF2hY=&h=713&w=1050&sz=237&hl=cs&start=13&tbnid=LBQ-nmzj0b2u1M:&tbnh=102&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMeleagris%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://fireflyforest.net/images/firefly/2008/January/Meleagris-gallopavo-mex-1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://fireflyforest.net/firefly/2008/01/19/goulds-wild-turkeys/&usg=__7Iho_sskemKQiwpRTqn4JsR7TFc=&h=552&w=400&sz=174&hl=cs&start=12&tbnid=u6P77xSCmKTNaM:&tbnh=133&tbnw=96&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMeleagris%2Bgallopavo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Male_north_american_turkey_supersaturated.jpg&imgrefurl=http://notionscapital.wordpress.com/2008/11/16/how-many-turkeys-will-he-pardon/&usg=__huzNR_aUIi2MRAKth8q5ZAJ_F_w=&h=622&w=522&sz=101&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=JOdPXtp39WJFrM:&tbnh=136&tbnw=114&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMeleagris%2Bgallopavo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/TurkeyOcellated01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.hiltonpond.org/thisweek031115.html&usg=__bbm1qJqvmZM4kyg2aAl7noYCMWM=&h=302&w=499&sz=41&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=1Uho9Iu1FUUiTM:&tbnh=79&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMeleagris%2Bgallopavo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• Limnické biotopy: 5 endemických čeledí např.č.- Centrarchidae - okounkovití, dále 4 č. holarktické: Esocidae - štikovití, Umbridae - blatňákovití, Dallidae - daliovití. Archaická fauna sladkovodních vod se zachovala díky příznivému, poledníkovému směru toku Missisipi (možnost migrací při zalednění kontinentu)

Lepomis humilus slunečnice Lepomis megalotis Umbra krameri blatňák tmavý

Dallia pectoralis Dalie aljašská

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nativefish.org/img/articles/Lepomis-humilis-1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nativefish.org/articles/OrangeSpotInAquarium.php&usg=__6qgp7kuBDntW_9U_aXKCIEkgQ70=&h=373&w=551&sz=116&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=LYTPxGbpHK6ZBM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlepomis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nativefish.org/Gallery/Lepomis-megalotis-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.labarque.org/index_files/page0015.htm&usg=__ii2uy6FCg8BPc6j3tnuGLq_gJkQ=&h=279&w=479&sz=75&hl=cs&start=13&tbnid=rZrQM6g6WwCPkM:&tbnh=75&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlepomis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.aquariumcenter.de/teich/images_teich/Hundsfisch_Umbra_krameri.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.aquariumcenter.de/teich/fische/teich_fische_fische.html&usg=__XPpirwR7kQKvG-iX5IrTU7Yqqzk=&h=240&w=634&sz=85&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=ofVj3WUvRAjiDM:&tbnh=52&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUmbra%2Bkrameri%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/Grzimek_fish/Esociformes/Dallia_pectoralis.jpg/medium.jpg&imgrefurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/Grzimek_fish/Esociformes/Dallia_pectoralis.jpg/view.html&usg=__fLtu6y_uLE271ymY35sXQ0stdL4=&h=240&w=539&sz=23&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=c2Cnnm2XTqr2wM:&tbnh=59&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3DDallia%2Bpectoralis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

Nearktická zoogeografická oblast• OBOJŽIVELNÍCI: 3 endemické čeledi: Dicamptodontidae-

mlokanovití, (4 dr.), Amphiumidae- úhoříkovití, Rhyacotritonidae- mlokánkovití, a 3 subendemické č.: Ambystomatidae - axolotlovití

(30 dr.), Proteidae- macarátovití, např. Necturus maculosus žábronoš skvrnitý a Plethodontidae - mločíkovití.

•

Dicamptodon ensatus mlokan velký Amphiuma means úhořík dvouprstý

Necturus maculosus žábronoš skvrnitý

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://img20.imageshack.us/img20/3942/f3sc1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.emule.us/foro/showthread.php%3Ft%3D40997&usg=__guXHteIUEULGIY4ybMczVeE0OfM=&h=423&w=650&sz=91&hl=cs&start=39&tbnid=QzikrK9pv932IM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAmphiumidae%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://igsaceeswb00.er.usgs.gov:8080/mapserver/naa/gifs/Amphiuma_means.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20o%3Fsearch%3DAmphiuma%2Bmeans&usg=__7uw-vfMYVoWNUYe-wLYgMzbq5kA=&h=428&w=600&sz=24&hl=cs&start=29&tbnid=dF-x_Ip3APlOLM:&tbnh=96&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAmphiumidae%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/Grzimek_herps/Amphiumidae/Amphiuma_tridactylum.jpg/badge.jpg&imgrefurl=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/pictures/Amphiumidae.html&usg=__kxgKtNmClx6HY9KXbMEysXwALSw=&h=108&w=216&sz=8&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=XJSEArUp-VOV7M:&tbnh=54&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAmphiumidae%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.animalpicturesarchive.com/animal/a7/Two-toed_Amphiuma__Amphiuma_means_lr-by_John_White.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.animalpicturesarchive.com/view.php%3Ftid%3D1%26did%3D13003%26lang%3Dkr&usg=__FvGCssjdTvxHnQ2VgcIsqt1BUzU=&h=445&w=673&sz=27&hl=cs&start=14&tbnid=6z3zO5vuP-u9AM:&tbnh=91&tbnw=138&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAmphiuma%2Bmeans%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://inky.50megs.com/Pictures/MUDPUPPY.GIF&imgrefurl=http://inky.50megs.com/gallery.html&usg=__mKW8xs1IoHDKHNMJNnSRwTd5qA4=&h=246&w=275&sz=34&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=EvZjiSwYbtAytM:&tbnh=102&tbnw=114&prev=/images%3Fq%3DNecturus%2Bmaculosus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pollywog.co.uk/Necturus_maculosus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pollywog.co.uk/gallery.html&usg=__djKO6sfhx31MJcptDgzVqp_3XHU=&h=360&w=480&sz=52&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=XRU9xQlAb5EHAM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3DNecturus%2Bmaculosus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• Tato oblast měla pro vývoj fauny zcela zásadní význam:

• SAVCI: Vačnatci se zde vyvíjeli od křídy až do miocénu, teprve později kolonizovali další oblasti. V terciéru zde probíhal vývoj více taxonů velkých savců: nosorožců, tapírů a koní (včetně r. Equus, který se rozšířil po všech kontinentech mimo izolovanou Austrálii), ti všichni zde později vyhynuli, podobně jako chobotnatci, kteří osídlili také jižní Ameriku a zpětně opět Euroasii. Z této doby se dochoval pouze 1 druh z č. vidlorohovití, totiž Antilocapra americana


• Teprve při posledním propojení Nearktidy s Asií v období wúrmského glaciálu v oblasti Beringovy úžiny na severoamerický kontinent proniká vlk, rosomák, los, sob a další druhy obratlovců, kteří se zde bobře aklimatizovali a následně se zřejmě ani nemohli při oteplení navrátit do Asie, neboť přechod se nejspíše zaplavil. Klimatické podmínky ale nadále zůstaly příznivé.

•

Vlk arktický - Canis lupus arctos

Gulo gulo- rosomák

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.redwoods.edu/instruct/pblakemore/gulo2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.redwoods.edu/instruct/pblakemore/&usg=__0YZlfbfk3xFhYM2UcUQDWflRbs8=&h=248&w=282&sz=12&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=5q8gRj-PynYyEM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=114&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGulo%2Bgulo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://fotobanka.mlhovina.cz/gallery/t21207433675-fotobanka.jpg&imgrefurl=http://fotobanka.mlhovina.cz/obrazek-190-q-Vlk-arkticky-Canis-lupus-arctos&usg=__pGp2DjjN03DKBQyQws7acTBJVrw=&h=384&w=550&sz=66&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=zUlq1G2o-JYzoM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3DVlk%2BCanis%2Blupus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall00Projects/wolverinefigure1.JPG&imgrefurl=http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall00Projects/wolverine.html&usg=__THxUKhgOSpT0YK-DY3fZ-iTNAD8=&h=512&w=768&sz=98&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=tmCZCAPdd2Na1M:&tbnh=95&tbnw=142&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGulo%2Bgulo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.redwoods.edu/instruct/pblakemore/gulo2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.redwoods.edu/instruct/pblakemore/&usg=__0YZlfbfk3xFhYM2UcUQDWflRbs8=&h=248&w=282&sz=12&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=5q8gRj-PynYyEM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=114&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGulo%2Bgulo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall00Projects/wolverinefigure2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall00Projects/wolverine.html&usg=__-TlVpvclIcWtNg39ml3j60oSFn4=&h=1147&w=1911&sz=163&hl=cs&start=19&tbnid=-rit9C1GyaeyrM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGulo%2Bgulo%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN


• VZTAHY K OSTATNÍM OBLASTEM: • SAVCI: Podíl společných čeledí s jihoamerickou oblastí dosahuje 41 %, • také s palearktidou je obdobný (35 %). Holarktické rozšíření má zde č.

Castoridae-bobrovití a Zapodidae- myšivkovití. Extrémnímu subarktickému a arktickému klimatu se přizpůsobilo 10 druhů myšivkovitých v Grónsku, 11 druhů na Tajmyru v palearktidě (přitom 8 druhů je společných oběma oblastem).

• PTÁCI: Holarktické rozšíření má č. Alcidae-alkovití a Gaviidae- potáplicovití

Zapus hudsonius myšivka labradorská

Alca torda - alka malá

Gavia immer potáplice lední

Casto fiber

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://p1k3.com/2006/4/21/zapus_hudsonius.jpg&imgrefurl=http://p1k3.com/2006/4/21&usg=__GtGMJmjEQfRhHUBqWfXqKAg7Wis=&h=1161&w=1796&sz=1849&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=PgMVSFpX5QWVGM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DZapus%2Bhudsonius%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DX

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues01/Co06302001/Art/beaver.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues01/Co06302001/CO_06302001_Beaver_flea.htm&usg=__0-f1iQOwd8-Cqu15nLRqJtErxk0=&h=339&w=400&sz=45&hl=cs&start=6&tbnid=NmbicvHei6avbM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCastor%2Bcanadensis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.naturfoto.cz/fotografie/jbohdal/alka-mala-7_1028.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.naturfoto.cz/alka-mala-fotografie-8867.html&usg=__cDmOfLfeb-I1TnXSfjIDXiTw4NE=&h=520&w=400&sz=69&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=EFVg-bwi_o0zAM:&tbnh=131&tbnw=101&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAlka%2Bmal%25C3%25A1%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hlasek.com/foto/alca_torda_ea9868.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.hlasek.com/alca_torda_ea9868.html&usg=__ZU1m9I_EuY-iMLX1hXKRV1Ok3DY=&h=500&w=500&sz=31&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=9nAQYhe42-MrSM:&tbnh=130&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAlka%2Bmal%25C3%25A1%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://dwrcdc.nr.utah.gov/rsgis2/images/Photos/gaviimme.jpg&imgrefurl=http://dwrcdc.nr.utah.gov/rsgis2/search/Display.asp%3FFlNm%3Dgaviimme&usg=__0hf3ydXSoCMdJLi07t9zhSVGs64=&h=360&w=314&sz=40&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=Qd5ifei8ANHKzM:&tbnh=121&tbnw=106&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGavia%2Bimmer%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• VZTAHY K OSTATNÍM OBLASTEM:

• Jihoamerická oblast• OBOJŽIVELNÍCI: Plethodontidae - mločíkovití (280

druhů!) jsou čeledí s největším areálem rozšíření ocasatých (+ Neotropis, jižní Evropa)

Plethodon jordani mločík Jordanův

Eurycea lucifuga mločík zářivý

Gyrinophilus palleucus mločík podzemní

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.californiaherps.com/noncal/misc/miscsalamanders/images/pjordanitn4072.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.californiaherps.com/noncal/misc/miscsalamanders/pages/p.jordani.html&usg=__42rZcw1G4oqkGk6JIfb26Q6FX4w=&h=600&w=900&sz=161&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=pxJPHgankyl8gM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=146&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPlethodon%2Bjordani%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.marshall.edu/herp/Salamanders/Pics/lucifu3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.marshall.edu/herp/Salamanders/cave.htm&usg=__nkGDCIlFQI0Z6FewFa9dqc1H4qg=&h=400&w=394&sz=45&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=XFU23fNSTmbWvM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEurycea%2Blucifuga%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DX

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/amphibians/salamanders/cave-salamander/cave%2520salamander%2520(Eurycea%2520lucifuga).jpg&imgrefurl=http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/amphibians/salamanders/cave-salamander/cave_salamander.htm&usg=__M_SX1yBWnxsN22gRi-Vzd_ITSVQ=&h=683&w=1024&sz=265&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=0y0mn1fbcMHTqM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEurycea%2Blucifuga%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DX

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d155/kpw3crotalus/Salamanders/Gyrinophilus_palleucus_necturoid-5.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forum.nanfa.org/index.php%3Fshowtopic%3D4825&usg=__1RHhej9ZucyuHSSZmOGht7EcKqo=&h=532&w=800&sz=323&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=FfEfZZMwXxXHsM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGyrinophilus%2Bpalleucus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d155/kpw3crotalus/Salamanders/Gyrinophilus_gulolineatus_1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forum.nanfa.org/index.php%3Fshowtopic%3D4825&usg=__2Z4vLnR9X55jZUVtvT5ei55Tndk=&h=532&w=800&sz=225&hl=cs&start=9&tbnid=fDQG9QvH_zWPMM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGyrinophilus%2Bpalleucus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• VZTAHY K OBLASTEM: Jihoamerická oblast• PTÁCI: nearktické dr. téměř nepřekračují svými areály

hnízdního výskytu hranice holarktické oblasti, nicméně č. Cathartidae -kondorovití má takový areál, podobně čeleď s centrem rozšíření v jihoamerické oblasti:Trochilidae – kolibříkovití, kde z 321 druhů 15 druhů proniklo do Nearktidy –zejména do Kalifornie, Floridy, ale také až na Aljašku: Selasphorus rufus kolibřík zlatolesklý)

Cathartes aura - kondor krocanovitý

Gymnogyps californianus kondor kalifornský

Selasphorus rufus kolibřík zlatolesklý

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://web.quick.cz/mkorinek/ptaci/zvirata/amerika_kondorkroc.gif&imgrefurl=http://web.quick.cz/mkorinek/ptaci/zvirata/kondor_krocanovity.html&usg=__3yPv567oLK-HCfaanP3-FqIqZRg=&h=157&w=250&sz=3&hl=cs&start=18&tbnid=ygJwJKgoGcQKyM:&tbnh=70&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3DKondor%2Bkrocanovit%25C3%25BD%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.osel.cz/_popisky/121_/s_1216714715.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.osel.cz/index.php%3Fclanek%3D3788&usg=__RlPGOm9HLHq_hJpuXDuKDycyvYw=&h=250&w=166&sz=8&hl=cs&start=23&tbnid=vw7H8_1uDniK6M:&tbnh=111&tbnw=74&prev=/images%3Fq%3DKondor%2Bkrocanovit%25C3%25BD%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.birdersworld.com/objects/images/brdpw060417.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.birdersworld.com/default.aspx%3Fc%3Dga%26id%3D6%26aid%3D671%26archy%3D%26archm%3D&usg=__bO_d6MHynKwO-wpI4PSbt6ykiKs=&h=450&w=480&sz=50&hl=cs&start=13&tbnid=7hrPVicdPn05LM:&tbnh=121&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGymnogyps%2Bcalifornianus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://surmagico.cl/condor/Gymnogyps%2520californianus%2520H%2520Ables%252030Ago06.JPG&imgrefurl=http://surmagico.cl/condor_introducion.htm&usg=__W-aFMxVJdk28fLIowGPPiZopfCs=&h=534&w=800&sz=87&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=yis6auliO-8jzM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGymnogyps%2Bcalifornianus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://i65.photobucket.com/albums/h209/Swamp_Fox1/nature/Rufous-Hummingbird.jpg&imgrefurl=http://groups.google.com/group/backyard-nature/web/rufous-hummingbird-selasphorus-rufus&usg=__oa-o5IgF9Rie9Z1i-Y-PjVRWWvU=&h=403&w=652&sz=127&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=g4_AgO_CUy7-4M:&tbnh=85&tbnw=138&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSelasphorus%2Brufus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nps.gov/archive/noca/nie/elements/map_rufous.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nps.gov/archive/noca/nie/resources/mb_fueling_station.htm&usg=__FpC8u2wTyrbldxv-IZe8-wxbnP0=&h=328&w=286&sz=50&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=WMtCksF_mRtDPM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=103&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSelasphorus%2Brufus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

Palearktická zoogeografická oblast

• Rozloha: 39 % území pevniny

• Geografické vymezení: Island, Evropa, Asie bez orientální indomalajské oblasti, Japonsko, Sachalin, sever Afriky + Sahara a Kanárské ostrovy(provincie)

• Klima a vegetace: A: mírné klima- západní regiony - listnaté lesy v Evropě, stepi, pouště v kontinentálním klimatickém regionu, subtropická poušť na severu Afriky, Arabský poloostrov, východní regiony Asie - druhově bohaté listnaté lesy.

• B: Chladné klima: souvislý pás tajgy (převážně jehličnanů), severněji (nad severní hranicí lesa) biom tundra, nejseverněji arktida

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ecozone_Palearctic.svg/180px-Ecozone_Palearctic.svg.png&imgrefurl=http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palearktis&usg=__I1tgWrKbCd2QigUPaZTg4BaVT7M=&h=79&w=180&sz=11&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=gStpcCR1FmrbRM:&tbnh=44&tbnw=101&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPalearktis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• FAUNA. Charakteristika: • SAVCI: počet endemických čeledí je velmi nízký:

Spalacidae- slepcovití, Dipodidae -tarbíkovití• OBOJŽIVELNÍCI: žáby: subendemická č. Discoglossidae-

kuňkovití (20 dr.), Hynobiidae- pamlokovití (35 dr.)• PTÁCI: 74 % dr. ptáků střed. Evropy (naše území)

nepřekračuje hranice palearktické oblasti, obdobně 88 % pavouků a téměř 97 % druhů střevlíkovitých je specifických pro palearktidu!

Spalax leucodon slepec malý

Euchoreutes naso tarbíček ušatý

Allactaga major frček větší

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.terrambiente.org/fauna/Mammiferi/rodentia/images/spalax.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.terrambiente.org/fauna/Mammiferi/rodentia/index.htm&usg=__mWu96fju6LRVY85AnBeck9vu7rk=&h=458&w=800&sz=61&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=g_ywWF_pQdcsmM:&tbnh=82&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSpalacidae%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://lh5.ggpht.com/_lsYBR143w0g/SB2XqGGHIBI/AAAAAAAAAtg/o0lOMCDoKZA/spalax%2Bleucodon.jpg&imgrefurl=http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/0HEpL7se2Yhhc8TZA6xoRg&usg=___m4qrp4xehMKokMRi-B3VC-RVCk=&h=500&w=527&sz=27&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=k8BYilVM9FhrTM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSpalacidae%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/1545/11722489.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.dkimages.com/discover/DKIMAGES/Discover/Home/Animals/Mammals/Rodents/Families/Jumping-Mice-and-Jerboas/Long-eared-Jerboa/Long-eared-Jerboa-1.html&usg=__aRGDOACHH1itw5ov5PIUOCDVxis=&h=560&w=512&sz=20&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=_60q5q80pcLerM:&tbnh=133&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEuchoreutes%2Bnaso%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.logos.nu/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/long_eared_jerboa.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.logos.nu/category/animaux/&usg=__efm2hB9bNObMFC5bywPPtfuTzHk=&h=337&w=468&sz=35&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=x6hc33iM1W83lM:&tbnh=92&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEuchoreutes%2Bnaso%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Long-eared_jerboa.jpg/300px-Long-eared_jerboa.jpg&imgrefurl=http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pferdespringer&usg=__b-omhaa6dqOFuPlxvikgj5wjRCQ=&h=225&w=300&sz=12&hl=cs&start=31&tbnid=CW4aIt9ev5tyiM:&tbnh=87&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAllactaga%2Bmajor%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

Palearktická zoogeografická oblast• FAUNA. Charakteristika: • sAVCI: PŘÍKLADY AREÁLŮ

č. Tarbíkovití - Dipodidae se dělí do 10(11) rodů ve 4 podčeledích s 30 druhy.Tarbíkovití jsou charakterističtí hlodavci adaptovaní na velmi aridní podmínky (pouště, polopouště, stepi), přičemž se druhově rozrůznili a osídlili široké území od západní Sahary až po východní Čínu. Mají význačné adaptace morfologické: větší ušní boltce (někteří), prodloužené zadní končetiny, velmi dlouhý, útlý ocas (pro rychlý pohyb).

Jaculus jaculus tarbík egyptský

Allactaga major frček větší

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Wuestenspringmaus-painting.jpg/200px-Wuestenspringmaus-painting.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerboa&usg=__exzZc3n2LBmNfQIVnWrGfupwuj4=&h=291&w=200&sz=21&hl=cs&start=33&tbnid=QyQ961gpgRGm9M:&tbnh=115&tbnw=79&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAllactaga%2Bmajor%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/ema/species/images/maps/allactaga_major.gif&imgrefurl=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/ema/species/allactaga_major.htm&usg=__Cpn76YVBzQn4KvF4gAB2q33-Ano=&h=713&w=750&sz=84&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=UmbJqsrS-xerCM:&tbnh=134&tbnw=141&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAllactaga%2Bmajor%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Wuestenspringmaus-painting.jpg/200px-Wuestenspringmaus-painting.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerboa&usg=__exzZc3n2LBmNfQIVnWrGfupwuj4=&h=291&w=200&sz=21&hl=cs&start=33&tbnid=QyQ961gpgRGm9M:&tbnh=115&tbnw=79&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAllactaga%2Bmajor%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

PALEARKTIDA

Lukáš Šimek:Lukáš Šimek:

Tadarida teniotis – tadarida evropská

Disjunktivní areál rozšíření s výskytem v horských oblastech Evropy a JV Číny.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://i1.treknature.com/photos/10196/thiv56_n0050.jpg&imgrefurl=http://treknature.com/gallery/photo139483.htm&usg=__4YiUNZ6hrZA0JLqyxblIIEr-4vQ=&h=800&w=694&sz=95&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=KtpAj9av6h1X9M:&tbnh=143&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DTadarida%2Bteniotis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.geres-asso.org/Tadarida-teniotis-1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.geres-asso.org/Nouvelles_observations.html&usg=__5U4vxC9QJzOilOpwfWbh-KfDoik=&h=350&w=522&sz=79&hl=cs&start=6&tbnid=7KGNeAVPmUz82M:&tbnh=88&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3DTadarida%2Bteniotis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol8no4/images/01-0263-1t.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol8no4/01-0263.htm&usg=__WugofJPt81nx5PencUu1BW7hgpo=&h=112&w=150&sz=3&hl=cs&start=16&tbnid=nVmhBTnuKJ4sLM:&tbnh=72&tbnw=96&prev=/images%3Fq%3DTadarida%2Bteniotis%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• VÝVOJ FAUNY:

• Rozsáhlé území Euroasie bylo dějištěm intenzivního vývoje třetihorní fauny.

• Ovšem vlivem opakovaných zalednění v pleistocénu mnoho taxonů vyhynulo, takže je zde nižší zastoupení druhů, než by odpovídalo rozloze kontinentu. Úbytek druhů zaznamenaný během pleistocénu: Carabidae- střevlíkovití – úbytek 26 %, Scarabaeidae - vrubounovití úbytek 15 %, Aves – u ptáků nastal úbytek jen o asi 10 % druhů.

Agonum sexpunctatum LinnaeusMelinopterus prodromus

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.meloidae.com/data/0008/5-000-000-006-590.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.meloidae.com/cs/obrazky/24480/&usg=__Emgq6KV43qhvs9QrLB7-oDG0O3s=&h=467&w=700&sz=130&hl=cs&start=27&zoom=1&tbnid=arNLVYyANTiZXM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=255&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCarabidae-%2Bst%25C5%2599evl%25C3%25ADkovit%25C3%25AD%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=586&vpy=178&dur=5781&hovh=183&hovw=275&tx=163&ty=101&ei=kzcmTcCPEYXKswbmqIzcAg&oei=eTcmTcKsHMmi4Qaa5MmEAg&esq=5&page=3&ndsp=9&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:27

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.meloidae.com/data/zivocichove-00174/5-000-000-004-169.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.meloidae.com/cs/obrazky/15525/&usg=__aP6j4FfEl6WWDfq2drI0YJ93LME=&h=454&w=680&sz=159&hl=cs&start=17&zoom=1&tbnid=CD2zY1R0BEvqYM:&tbnh=154&tbnw=196&prev=/images%3Fq%3DScarabaeidae%2B-%2Bvrubounovit%25C3%25AD%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=693&vpy=178&dur=3250&hovh=183&hovw=275&tx=182&ty=122&ei=ojgmTaKbHMzOswacuomkAg&oei=fzgmTdyKIMf_4Aavv-mEAg&esq=7&page=2&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:17



• Indomalajská oblast• SAVCI: 59 % čeledí veškeré fauny je shodný, dominují

hlodavci, šelmy.

• PTÁCI: 75 % dr. nepřekračuje hranici Palearktu, tj. jsou tažní v rámci této oblasti. Nicméně frekventovaně dochází ke změnám rozšíření a vzniku dalších druhů, nejčastěji mezi nearktickou a palearktickou oblastí.



• Etiopská oblast

• 47 % čeledí veškeré fauny je shodných.

• SAVCI: společné čeledi zejména u řádů : hlodavci, letouni, šelmy

• PTÁCI: společné čeledi zejména u řádů: pěvci, dravci

Orel bělobřichý (Haliaeetus leucogaster)Luňák červený (Milvus milvus)



• Etiopská oblast

Kočka pouštní Felis margaritaLev pustinný Panthera leo

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.waza.org/virtualzoo/img/112-007-001-017%2520felis_margarita_map.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.waza.org/virtualzoo/factsheet.php%3Fid%3D112-007-001-017%26view%3DCats&usg=__lO7Woa8wvMKcZs3Cydo5xtoBZkA=&h=200&w=200&sz=15&hl=cs&start=15&tbnid=khixk3ccb7U6IM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3DFelis%2Bmargarita%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.alsirhan.com/Animals/images/Felis_margarita_4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.alsirhan.com/Animals/felis_margarita.htm&usg=__n8uQzi1D4vL9WkX2COJ5w3AQ0mA=&h=527&w=787&sz=118&hl=cs&start=17&tbnid=ugDEIhIctg_bMM:&tbnh=96&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3DFelis%2Bmargarita%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/images/profiles/terrestrial/pa/lg/pa1327aS_lg.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/photos/pa/pa1327aS.html&usg=__LoObA9gh6mnlqx-TJIt1EPFfeGI=&h=298&w=400&sz=40&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=inOmiafoAbGLoM:&tbnh=92&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DFelis%2Bmargarita%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://nd01.jxs.cz/907/397/612de12c3a_16361474_o2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://vitanimals.blog.cz/&usg=__BMs68DiunGgQIoxkXFU8o9Q2wAQ=&h=224&w=331&sz=23&hl=cs&start=36&zoom=1&tbnid=MXakSX-WszhYkM:&tbnh=152&tbnw=255&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLev%2Bpustinn%25C3%25BD%2BPanthera%2Bleo%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=502&vpy=100&dur=5093&hovh=179&hovw=264&tx=133&ty=119&ei=PysmTajgO8bBswacsZjRAg&oei=7SomTeqIJs3-4wb15NCEAg&esq=6&page=4&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:36

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://panthera-leo.org/data/images/rozsireni008.jpg&imgrefurl=http://panthera-leo.org/%3Fgeograficke_rozsireni&usg=__cmPUd_8QMKXZ-jCr2ezfVOIFHzk=&h=265&w=350&sz=48&hl=cs&start=52&zoom=1&tbnid=9BP932AFjDPk-M:&tbnh=147&tbnw=194&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLev%2Bpustinn%25C3%25BD%2BPanthera%2Bleo%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=577&vpy=155&dur=109&hovh=195&hovw=258&tx=159&ty=78&ei=cC0mTanDCITJswa5ur3bAg&oei=7SomTeqIJs3-4wb15NCEAg&esq=7&page=6&ndsp=9&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:52


Vztah k Etiopská oblast

gepard štíhlý Acinonyx jubatus

Serval Leptailurus serval

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Wiki-Acinonyx_jubatus.png&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki-Acinonyx_jubatus.png&usg=__g4KN5FTsvdKgcGpBZ6Si8F6klO4=&h=2079&w=4677&sz=592&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=vRFxIl7AO2WohM:&tbnh=67&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAcinonyx%2Bjubatus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Serval_range.png&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serval_range.png%3Fuselang%3Dlt&usg=__MXz_ddDI5jepua0uJhBMAxboEhw=&h=955&w=907&sz=40&hl=cs&start=12&tbnid=w9YvDyGOEtPehM:&tbnh=148&tbnw=141&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLptailurus%2Bserval%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.naturfoto.cz/fotografie/auer/serval-stepni-xxx2z8h1921mw.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.naturfoto.cz/serval-stepni-fotografie-11260.html&usg=__IWY7BizuokBu0HFgxu2WYnZs4iQ=&h=602&w=402&sz=141&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=e3TA9oCq6zLRGM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=90&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLptailurus%2Bserval%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www1.southafrica.net/NR/rdonlyres/BD3D1152-949B-43E7-991D-4993E24E0C3A/0/Serval_Cat.jpg&imgrefurl=http://metazoica.blogspot.com/2009_03_01_archive.html&usg=__QIEBkk6LjG1pLhwERJezIhct400=&h=296&w=250&sz=26&hl=cs&start=18&zoom=1&tbnid=cJcULsUm8JxQAM:&tbnh=163&tbnw=142&prev=/images%3Fq%3DServal%2BLeptailurus%2Bserval%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=269&vpy=109&dur=1890&hovh=236&hovw=200&tx=86&ty=162&ei=oC4mTY6ACYr0sgalr6TcAg&oei=ZC4mTdXBCtDC4gaxlOSEAg&esq=11&page=2&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:18

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://enciklopedie.bloger.cz/obrazky/enciklopedie.bloger.cz/gepard.jpg.tn.jpg&imgrefurl=http://enciklopedie.bloger.cz/Zvirata/Gepard-Stihly%3Fkm%3Dd&usg=__8NxtlNXBx6b_fptbRl9nWtCtV9c=&h=131&w=175&sz=7&hl=cs&start=25&zoom=1&tbnid=SoW-IY9Czv20GM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgepard%2B%25C5%25A1t%25C3%25ADhl%25C3%25BD%2BAcinonyx%2Bjubatus%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=610&vpy=149&dur=1672&hovh=104&hovw=140&tx=75&ty=74&ei=_i4mTZCeBIHysgax5bHcAg&oei=2S4mTcSqNsn14Ab70dCEAg&esq=3&page=3&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:25

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://i.sme.sk/cdata/0/43/4328340/velkemacky_fotopasce1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://veda.sme.sk/c/4328340/velke-macky-pozorovali-prostrednictvom-fotopasci.html&usg=__axflLmyNq4mzvJdaq1cQrp_1SnQ=&h=220&w=300&sz=17&hl=cs&start=50&zoom=1&tbnid=6UlM3QG_g80m5M:&tbnh=150&tbnw=200&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgepard%2B%25C5%25A1t%25C3%25ADhl%25C3%25BD%2BAcinonyx%2Bjubatus%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=334&vpy=185&dur=1297&hovh=176&hovw=240&tx=119&ty=94&ei=Ni8mTb6DF4qRswan6JTeAg&oei=2S4mTcSqNsn14Ab70dCEAg&esq=6&page=6&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:50


Vztah k Etiopská oblast

levhart Panthera pardus

rys karakal Caracal caracal

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a5/Caracal_distribution.GIF&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Arab_League/Map&usg=__8vl6CJx-s4J7LjmZCQ96hKIK43s=&h=532&w=686&sz=14&hl=cs&start=12&tbnid=6D5JMItl_1bUPM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=139&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCaracal%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://ecourses.twu.ca/mytwu2/Downloads/Community/82/451/Photos.41435.1.full.jpg&imgrefurl=https://ecourses.twu.ca/mytwu2/Modules/Community/PhotosFullText.php%3FContentId%3D41435%26Id%3D82451%26Start%3D2&usg=__ekiVrKvhGq48Znl3Fx2jIxupd68=&h=400&w=265&sz=24&hl=cs&start=22&tbnid=cSOXnQGaVAiyLM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=82&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCaracal%2Bcaracal%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://s190.photobucket.com/albums/z257/americanwildlife/wildcat/Caracal-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wotcat.com/Mammal/Caracal/Caracal/caracal.html&usg=__XE0nmXsZ2hVmP_3ZszB2RwUIE_U=&h=401&w=600&sz=70&hl=cs&start=21&tbnid=O1e-vg7DqWcjTM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCaracal%2Bcaracal%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nature-photo.com/maps/mapa-levhart%2520skvrnity.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nature-photo.com/levhart-skvrnity-informace-o-druhu-31.html&usg=__V61OhzSslJhLk9Z1zx8vHNS0zUM=&h=246&w=230&sz=44&hl=cs&start=43&zoom=1&tbnid=GgQ1zpOzvm8DFM:&tbnh=167&tbnw=160&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlevhart%2BPanthera%2Bpardus%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=437&vpy=165&dur=828&hovh=196&hovw=184&tx=115&ty=95&ei=PzAmTejBEsWOswbz6-26Ag&oei=1i8mTZPZPI2C4Qab1_GEAg&esq=5&page=5&ndsp=10&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:43

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nature-photo.com/photos/mammals/levhart-skvrnity-webDCS4394.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nature-photo.com/fotografie-levhart-skvrnity-k-31.html&usg=__4X9JkLxL-Ci7SilQSrhyUw56a6o=&h=481&w=732&sz=148&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=274a5-Ke9yXV4M:&tbnh=107&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlevhart%2BPanthera%2Bpardus%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=620&vpy=73&dur=1344&hovh=182&hovw=277&tx=153&ty=100&ei=7zAmTbu5E8fzsgal65XSAg&oei=1i8mTZPZPI2C4Qab1_GEAg&esq=15&page=1&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:17,s:0


• VZTAHY K Etiopské oblasti

Osel somálský - Equus asinus somaliensis

Osel asijský Equus asinus hemionus

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Equus_africanus.png/120px-Equus_africanus.png&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Perissodactyla_distribution_maps&usg=__6jnUUNP1EI4fxSHruA9GiU5PAZs=&h=120&w=120&sz=9&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=1NmVEgCu_hi-fM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=88&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEquus%2Bafricanus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://comps.fotosearch.com/comp/JNB/JNB007/somali-wild-ass_~148915.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fotosearch.com/JNB007/148915/&usg=__FpLpwJXFKUf0C24KR12mf0KNopI=&h=279&w=300&sz=28&hl=cs&start=18&tbnid=WG7fW17u3XEFqM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEquus%2Bafricanus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://nd01.jxs.cz/385/728/55ded585f4_25147544_o2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://newcharmed.blog.cz/rubrika/marsi/stranka/2&usg=__O7b_NdOtDAbvzZh_9xvdnMf_kOo=&h=180&w=182&sz=6&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=0&tbnid=4bgaYEYu_bRBQM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=101&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOsel%2Basijsk%25C3%25BD%2BEquus%2Bhemionus%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=488&vpy=99&dur=3906&hovh=100&hovw=101&tx=94&ty=53&ei=1DEmTaeCGYf6sgaV7MzNAg&oei=YzEmTZvUGdWI4QbFmvSEAg&esq=7&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.osel.cz/soubory/806/1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.osel.cz/index.php%3Fclanek%3D806&usg=__QEdqBHkeF70eLjjWqRIhlNcglD8=&h=207&w=300&sz=11&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=Nmyy2fXI_dSNqM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=151&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOsel%2Basijsk%25C3%25BD%2BEquus%2Bhemionus%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=122&vpy=180&dur=6094&hovh=165&hovw=240&tx=158&ty=83&ei=1DEmTaeCGYf6sgaV7MzNAg&oei=YzEmTZvUGdWI4QbFmvSEAg&esq=7&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:0

http://lv.winelib.com/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Wild_ass_male.JPG



Kozorožec kavkazský Capra caucasica

Kozorožec horský Capra ibex

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Capra_ibex_ibex_%E2%80%93_04.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Capra_ibex_ibex_%25E2%2580%2593_04.jpg&usg=__MPifxb3kM8zKei25KBjVTJck9aw=&h=2048&w=3072&sz=1307&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=tG9t_kD-8qJqzM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCapra%2Bibex%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.waza.org/conservation/projects/img/ibex_map.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.waza.org/conservation/projects/projects.php%3Fid%3D59&usg=__FEjuF6GnFpOpR6rcGZ6BORElF30=&h=120&w=168&sz=36&hl=cs&start=57&tbnid=wOZbkRqJemj6lM:&tbnh=71&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCapra%2Bibex%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D40

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capra_range_map2.jpg/300px-Capra_range_map2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.answers.com/topic/capra&usg=__g76gcjdJEcPQjBCqyjH622N9Z0g=&h=165&w=300&sz=14&hl=cs&start=49&tbnid=AxZgWYzF_ugQYM:&tbnh=64&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCapra%2Bibex%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D40

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hlasek.com/foto/capra_caucasica_11262.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.hlasek.com/capra_caucasica_11262.html&usg=__3uBLsmQrb9Zry7rCdoJL7UiWVZc=&h=495&w=665&sz=63&hl=cs&start=16&zoom=1&tbnid=hVypvMwEIWzAiM:&tbnh=154&tbnw=197&prev=/images%3Fq%3DKozoro%25C5%25BEec%2Bkavkazsk%25C3%25BD%2BCapra%2Bcaucasica%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=708&vpy=150&dur=2484&hovh=194&hovw=260&tx=158&ty=144&ei=I7wlTdLcE4P5sgao0L21Ag&oei=FrwlTcCHFoiV8QOxg63-Bg&esq=2&page=2&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:16



Bizon Bison bison

Zubr Bison bonasus

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/images/PM-Distribution_Map-CarpathianBison.png&imgrefurl=http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/carpathianbison.htm&usg=__OUnEKKbrvA5FPBXrpq2k3zslJd8=&h=205&w=301&sz=12&hl=cs&start=19&tbnid=Z1y4jQneaPy_8M:&tbnh=79&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBizon%2Bbonasus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/images/PM-Distribution_Map-CaucasianBison.png&imgrefurl=http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/caucasianbison.htm&usg=__SKJRff_Hsx74u239nT1f5emB77A=&h=205&w=301&sz=12&hl=cs&start=18&tbnid=7jNcLxMP6ltKSM:&tbnh=79&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBizon%2Bbonasus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sfsu.edu/~geog/bholzman/courses/316projects/bison.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sfsu.edu/~geog/bholzman/courses/316projects/bison.html&usg=___SjywW3NzozfmwhAwIaHG3lE0KI=&h=476&w=723&sz=73&hl=cs&start=30&tbnid=Eg7SRAVDiR5NFM:&tbnh=92&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBizon%2Bbonasus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.artchive.com/artchive/c/cave/cave_painting_bison.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.polishforums.com/poland-culture-38/polish-bison-thoughts-29982/&usg=__Nok4jGAcPgwwwP5x0ThLlLZtDF4=&h=600&w=850&sz=162&hl=cs&start=38&tbnid=Hx7yk5O8VBsrKM:&tbnh=102&tbnw=145&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBizon%2Bbonasus%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_g0sMHtntF7k/THqbz-5dB2I/AAAAAAAAAJQ/e9WoLONYs9A/s1600/bizon-americky-xxx09f222.jpg&imgrefurl=http://bandablbu.blogspot.com/&usg=__yijoABEPh9f8_ENxqxdFfS9NBMM=&h=371&w=599&sz=79&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=vi5yVK1bG6J7gM:&tbnh=146&tbnw=204&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBizon%2BBison%2Bbison%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=683&vpy=105&dur=1594&hovh=177&hovw=285&tx=97&ty=87&ei=ILslTeOiLILCswbQvb3aAg&oei=B7slTf-IB9DB8QPex8joAQ&esq=5&page=1&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0


• Limnické biotopy• 2 endemické čeledi, výlučně v Bajkalském jezeře

• Holarktické rozšíření: Esocidae-štikovití. Percidae-okounovití, Umbridae-blatňákovití.

• Vztah k indomalajské obl.: Siluridae - sumcovití, Cobitidae- sekavcovití,

• K palearktidě náleží rovněž dolní tok Nilu v Egyptě!

Sekavec písečný - Cobitis taeniaUmbra krameri - blatňák tmavý

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://rybarizatec.cz/page/priroda/img/ryby/blatnak_tmavy.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.rybarskykrouzek.estranky.cz/clanky/atlas-ryb/ryby&usg=__CM9ojW-HjRdhfh2auzs95ufmt2k=&h=289&w=570&sz=135&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=MyRQSSLLRj4GmM:&tbnh=68&tbnw=134&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBlatn%25C3%25A1k%2Btmav%25C3%25BD%2BUmbra%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://atlas-ryb.rybarskeforum.cz/img/sekavec_pisecny.jpg&imgrefurl=http://atlas-ryb.rybarskeforum.cz/anglicky-nazev/49-spiny-loach&usg=__9NXgclUWHo6B72wkpNxoep_i5-I=&h=300&w=595&sz=25&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=pFwc4lFysMhYBM:&tbnh=79&tbnw=157&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSekavec%2Bp%25C3%25ADse%25C4%258Dn%25C3%25BD%2B-%2BCobitis%2Btaenia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=87&vpy=80&dur=2250&hovh=159&hovw=316&tx=179&ty=80&ei=pLUlTdeSBMTOswbMxpjLAg&oei=krUlTca_GMKu8gPthvmABw&esq=4&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

Zoogeografické členění palearktická oblasti

• Vymezování podoblastí:

• je vázáno na a) přirozené překážky (mořské pobřeží, vysoká pohoří, hranice biomů, ekosystémů) ohraničující areály druhů, rodů i vyšších taxonů.

• b) zonální uspořádání přírodních podmínek

• c) refugia třetihorní nebo pleistocenní fauny

• EUROSIBIŘSKÁ PODOBLAST

• Zaujímá severní polovinu oblasti, ovlivněna vícenásobným pleistocénním zaledněním, které původní faunu zdecimovalo (výskyt jen 87 rodů č. Carabidae -střevlíkovití, vzhledem k 281 rodům a 5 endemickým čeledí na jihu oblasti).

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hmyz.info/fotky/coleoptera/carab_auronit.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.hmyz.info/brouci1.htm&usg=__PPYJFteZ9ZsUctBvQuE34WX7TTY=&h=539&w=690&sz=193&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=zCe3W3lAOlk5ZM:&tbnh=109&tbnw=139&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dst%25C5%2599evl%25C3%25ADk%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

• EUROSIBIŘSKÁ PODOBLAST• Vedle několika málo endemických taxonů, zde žije převaha invazivních druhů,

tj. dr. jež mají své centrum rozšíření mimo toto území. Je rozlišeno 5 provincií:

• Provincie tundry. Jižní hranice=severní linie lesa= souvisí s izotermou 10ºC nejteplejšího měsíce, rozloha 3 mil. km2

• PTÁCI: ze 180 dr. oblasti 46 dr. žije pouze v této provincii., Časté jsou vztahy

s nearktickou faunou: sovice sněžní, rybák dlouhoocasý

• Reliktní subareály v horách (arkto-alpinská disjunkce):

• Např. bělokur horský Lagopus mutus, kulík hnědý Eudrimias morinellus.

bělokur horský Lagopus mutus

•kulík hnědý

•Eudrimias morinellus.

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://i.pbase.com/o6/34/750334/1/81055383.a8mVUwi0.PtarmiganFjllripaLagopusmutus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pbase.com/ulfstahle/image/81055383&usg=__-BY8aMAzM2QggnrIND7P7nB0etU=&h=585&w=750&sz=49&hl=cs&start=2&tbnid=8Y32Xguqmg6XZM:&tbnh=110&tbnw=141&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLagopus%2Bmutus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://ittiofauna.org/provinciarezzo/caccia/tabelle_specie/caradriformi/piviere_tortolino/images/eudromias_morinellus01-400.jpg&imgrefurl=http://ittiofauna.org/provinciarezzo/caccia/tabelle_specie/caradriformi/piviere_tortolino/index.htm&usg=__el9IojiUSqLWfI6Dxz3WxCKr8do=&h=440&w=400&sz=41&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=u2F59LhWXFUnlM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=115&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEudromias%2Bmorinellus.%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DX

• EUROSIBIŘSKÁ PODOBLAST - Provincie tundry• Diferenciace specifické fauny:• PTÁCI: rody: planiny- kajka Somateria, bělokur Lagopus,

mořské pobřeží - alky Uria, jespáci Calidris, mokřady: husy Anser, Branta, kachny - Anas penelope. A. crecca

• SAVCI: vlk - Canis lupus, lasice - Mustela erminea, M. nivalis, liška polární Alopex lagopus

•

Calidris canutus – jespák obecný

Branta ruficolis berneška rudokrká

Branta bernicla berneška tmavá

Alopex lagopus liška polární

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http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hlasek.com/foto/branta_bernicla_ea3403.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.hlasek.com/branta_bernicla_ea3403.html&usg=__RYV2RreUnUXe32elBzCWgKM8x30=&h=500&w=500&sz=46&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=dUJS6mHKkMXXpM:&tbnh=130&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DBranta%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Calidris_canutus.png&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Calidris_canutus.png&usg=__ulwbv-LTg6aeEMDoh1-EVCom5eY=&h=1763&w=1417&sz=1281&hl=cs&start=8&tbnid=i8dXb6Wmlvbu-M:&tbnh=150&tbnw=121&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCalidris%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ittiofauna.org/provinciarezzo/caccia/tabelle_specie/carnivori/volpe_polare/images/alopex_lagopus-4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ittiofauna.org/provinciarezzo/caccia/tabelle_specie/carnivori/volpe_polare/index.htm&usg=__68W6Ju-x5Vu1WnG7QcLi6-MAlxY=&h=392&w=400&sz=16&hl=cs&start=10&tbnid=B9_An6AE6CSOYM:&tbnh=122&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAlopex%2Blagopus%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

• EUROSIBIŘSKÁ PODOBLAST - Provincie tajga• PTÁCI: cca 200 druhů, 55 z nich striktně vázaných na

tajgu. Boreo-montánní disjunkce: datlík tříprstý Picoides tridactila, puštík bělavý Strix uralensis, ořešník kropenatý Nucifraga caryocatactes, čečetka zimní Carduelis flammea, sýkora lužní Parus montanus

• SAVCI: los – Alces alces, sobol Martes zibellina, rosomák Gulo gulo, myšivka horská Sicista betulina.

myšivka horská Sicista betulinasobol Martes zibellina

puštík bělavý Strix uralensis

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http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fatbirder.com/photos/e4be0f844a390ddae1160cd5dfa1aef4Finland.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fatbirder.com/links_geo/europe/finland.html&usg=__AqtTWupaIi8hsd6ZH7OOOqLYWK8=&h=304&w=242&sz=67&hl=cs&start=4&tbnid=fyAtM9CURt_FWM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=92&prev=/images%3Fq%3DStrix%2Buralensis%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• EUROSIBIŘSKÁ PODOBLAST - Provincie listnatých lesů

• Vymezení: zbývající část území podoblasti až k provincii stepí.

• Evropská avifauna: slavík Luscinia, špaček Sturnus, žluva Oriolus, pěnkava Fringila, kos černý Turdus merula

• Mandžuské lesní refugium: čáp bílý Ciconia ciconia

slavík tmavý Luscinia lusciniačáp bílý Ciconia ciconia

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4061/4709874836_e97593805c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://birdsguide.info/Luscinia%2520luscinia.html&usg=__N7cDg9w1flINSB27CCAmIYRa4Vo=&h=360&w=500&sz=130&hl=cs&start=39&zoom=1&tbnid=e8G4ctfRBzASUM:&tbnh=159&tbnw=233&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dslav%25C3%25ADk%2Btmav%25C3%25BD%2BLuscinia%2Bluscinia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=268&vpy=92&dur=4484&hovh=190&hovw=265&tx=171&ty=95&ei=yrMlTcDkM4jFswaui9XRAg&oei=o7MlTZSsHIWt8gPmm-yEBw&esq=5&page=5&ndsp=9&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:39

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• EUROSIBIŘSKÁ PODOBL - Provincie stepí• Vymezení: souvislá zóna od delty Dunaje až po východní Čínu.

• SAVCI: Z 89 druhů této provincie jich 31 dr. obývá výhradně stepní ekosystémy: v izolovaném evropském panonském distriktu jsou jen 3 stepní druhy: tchoř stepní Putorius eversmanni, křeček polní Cricetus cricetus a slepec Spalax microphthalmus

• sysel obecný Citellus citellus není označen za jednoznačně stepní druh, ale spíše se jedná o druh s větší ekologickou valencí.

Spalax microphthalmus Tchoř stepní Putorius eversmanni

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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.profi-bazar.cz/image.php%3Fidx%3D120722%26mw%3D374%26mh%3D266&imgrefurl=http://www.profi-bazar.cz/tchor_stepni_mustela_eversmannii.html&usg=__BkAj9LYOZY_5OHfPJirRCQ1nsrs=&h=266&w=374&sz=34&hl=cs&start=5&tbnid=VEdh1_XHPZn8zM:&tbnh=87&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMustela%2Beversmannii%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG


• MEDITERÁNNÍ PODOBLAST

• Vymezení: celá palearktická Afrika, jižní Evropa, Přední Asie po Kaspické jezero a Perský záliv.

• Fauna a) stepi: např. štíři podčeledi Euscorpioninae (11 dr.), 1 rod strašilek- Bacillus, světlušek Pelania atd.

• b) pouště Sahary (fenek berberský (Vulpes zerda)

Arabského poloostrova až nejvýchodněji poušť Thar, východně od řeky Indus (lev pustinný).

fenek berberský (Vulpes zerda)

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.adriatica.net/service/image.htm%3Fid%3D266&imgrefurl=http://www.adriatica.net/destinations/hrvatska_cz.htm&usg=__GhJ-iI9b8trY73hiAZiUSXWdHvM=&h=230&w=350&sz=51&hl=cs&start=3&tbnid=PG5ryzcZ01ay6M:&tbnh=79&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMediter%25C3%25A1nn%25C3%25AD%2Boblast%2Bmapa%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

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• STŘEDOASIJSKÁ PODOBLAST• Vymezení: eremiál a horské ekosystémy, Střední Asie, Afghánistán,

Írán,, Mongolsko, Tibet, SZ okraj Číny.

• Charakter: Saharo-gobijská pouštní „podoblast“ je jakýmsi

průnikem dvou podoblastí.

Sajga (Saiga tatarica) přímorožec arabský Oryx leucoryx

přímorožec šavlorohýOryx dammah

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://media.rozhlas.cz/_obrazek/685365--Obrazek--1-400x264p0.jpeg&imgrefurl=http://www.rozhlas.cz/_zprava/435475&usg=__NS75IQ14gfESGW66-aBRZMWWAeM=&h=264&w=400&sz=17&hl=cs&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=RXlwPsOkaO2fDM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=141&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsajga%2Bstepn%25C3%25AD%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=561&vpy=67&dur=1984&hovh=182&hovw=276&tx=145&ty=74&ei=Kq0lTaDPC8vCswbTnb2mAg&oei=6KwlTe2-N4ar8QP50ayCBw&esq=4&page=1&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Saiga.jpg/180px-Saiga.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_in_Kazakhstan&usg=__G8jcGTYU7UggsItb-OM4S3Acytk=&h=278&w=180&sz=10&hl=cs&start=34&tbnid=OwFemSrxa18lNM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=74&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAllactaga%2Bmajor%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://www.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Oryx_dammah_Prag.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oryx_dammah_Prag.jpg&usg=__WhOc5YTFJJxvjpjb06Z7X8ASM1A=&h=1845&w=2200&sz=2467&hl=cs&start=23&zoom=1&tbnid=5I_GBvHQQVCTCM:&tbnh=160&tbnw=245&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dp%25C5%2599%25C3%25ADmoro%25C5%25BEec%2B%25C5%25A1avloroh%25C3%25BD%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dcs%26biw%3D994%26bih%3D482%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=706&vpy=139&dur=5500&hovh=206&hovw=245&tx=116&ty=89&ei=W7AlTZCaJYLxsga79PSwAg&oei=RLAlTf2YDcKy8gP88p2ABw&esq=2&page=3&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:23

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/file.php/2815/S324_1_005i.jpg&imgrefurl=http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/blocks/formats/logrequest.php%3Furl%3D/file.php/2815/formats/print.htm&usg=__F4QrB2cM_lH9jsqDLPp072tW-sA=&h=427&w=310&sz=45&hl=cs&start=7&tbnid=-Ooux_qcieOkUM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=91&prev=/images%3Fq%3DFenecus%2Bzerda%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

gazela dzejran - Gazella subgutturosa


• VÝCHODOPALEARKTICKÁ PODOBLAST

• Vymezení: Japonské ostrovy, Korea,Poamuří, tichomořské pobřeží, JV a Himaláje v Číně.

• Charakter: relativně druhově nejbohatší část oblasti, zejména na lesní faunu a floru. Reliktní podřád pavouků Liphistiomarpha, endemický taxon - podčeleď Pandinae medvídkovití, jiní jsou již rozšířeni jen na území Ameriky: Cryptobranchydae - velemloci, Grylloblattodea – cvrčkovci.

Panda velká (Ailuropoda melanoleuca

cvrčkovec -

Grylloblatta.velemlok čínskýAndrias davidianus

http://images.google.cz/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Saiga.jpg/180px-Saiga.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_in_Kazakhstan&usg=__G8jcGTYU7UggsItb-OM4S3Acytk=&h=278&w=180&sz=10&hl=cs&start=34&tbnid=OwFemSrxa18lNM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=74&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAllactaga%2Bmajor%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/10282.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.biolib.cz/cz/taxonimage/id10282/&usg=__-aoy7T0Q2vFNZEKiXpPJypWkEhI=&h=430&w=650&sz=94&hl=cs&start=1&tbnid=IhxFCDeHtkXn1M:&tbnh=91&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3DVelemlok%2B%25C4%258D%25C3%25ADnsk%25C3%25BD%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Dcs%26sa%3DG

Nový ZélandSouostroví, které je již od období jury (druhohory, 160 - 230 mil. let) izolované od Gondvany. Nejužší souvislosti biogeografické má s australskou oblastí (domin. druhy dřevin – blahočetovití), nepřítomnost placentálních savců až do příchodu člověka (před cca 18 000 lety)

Nový Zélanddamaróň australská - kauri ve Waipua Forest

Nový Zéland

Nový Zéland

Haterie novozélandská byla považována za jediný recentní druh, ale genetickou analysou bylo prokázáno, že skupina haterií na ostrůvku North Brother patří k jinému druhu nazvanému haterie Guentherova

V současnosti jsou obě hatérie jedin zástupcí hatériovitých, kteří byli před zhruba 200 milióny let na Zemi velmi rozšířeni. Od těch dob se vnější podoba hatérií prakticky nezměnila. Současná představitelka dinosaurů má nezvykle zpomalený metabolismus, velmi pomalu rostou a zřídka kdy se rozmnožují. Průměrná délka života hatérie je zhruba

sto let.

Nový Zéland

kivi jižní (Apteryx australis) je jeden ze tří zástupců čeledi kiviovití (Apterygidae),

Kivi Owenův

Nový Zéland

Dinornis giganteus – MoaVyhubený nelétavý běžec, který na ostrovech žil ještě v minulém tisíciletí

tučňák novozélandský Eudyptes pachyrhynchus

Documents

Nearktická zoogeografická oblast