I HC QUC GIA H NI

TRNG I HC GIO DC

NGUYN QUANG MINH

DY HC CH DY S TRNG PH THNG

THEO QUAN IM KIN TO

LUN VN THC S S PHM TON

H NI - 2015

I HC QUC GIA H NI

TRNG I HC GIO DC

NGUYN QUANG MINH

DY HC CH DY S TRNG PH THNG

THEO QUAN IM KIN TO

LUN VN THC S S PHM TON

Chuyn ngnh: L LUN V PHNG PHP DY HC

B MN TON

M s: 60 14 01 11

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: GS. TS. Nguyn Hu Chu

H NI 2015

i

Li cm n

Lun vn tt nghip cao hc c hon thnh ti Trng i hc Gio

dc i hc Quc gia H Ni. C c bn lun vn tt nghip ny, tc gi

xin by t lng bit n chn thnh v su sc ti n Trng i hc Gio

dc i hc Quc gia H Ni, phng o to sau i hc, Khoa S phm,

c bit l GS.TS. Nguyn Hu Chu trc tip hng dn, du dt, gip

tc gi vi nhng ch dn khoa hc qu gi trong sut qu trnh trin khai,

nghin cu v hon thnh ti "Dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng

theo quan im kin to".

Qua y tc gi cng xin c by t lng bit n chn thnh n cc

qu thy c gio l ging vin dy hc ti lp cao hc ton K9 trong hai

nm hc va qua, mi bi dy ca thy c u l nhng bi hc qu bu cho

tc gi thc hin ti ny.

Xin ghi nhn cng sc v nhng ng gp qu bu v nhit tnh ca

cc bn hc vin lp cao hc, cc ng ch gio vin ng nghip.

Tc gi rt mong nhn c s ng gp, ph bnh ca qu thy c, cc

nh khoa hc, c gi v cc bn ng nghip ti hon thin hn v c

th p dng su rng hn trong thc t.

Xin chn thnh cm n!

ii

Danh mc cc ch vit tt

DH: Dy hc

PA: Phng n

PPDH: Phng php dy hc

THPT: Trung hc Ph thng

THCS: Trung hc C s

SGK: Sch gio khoa

iii

MC LC

Li cm n i

Danh mc cc ch vit tt ii

PHN I. NHNG VN CHUNG ............................................................................. - 1 -

1. L do chn ti -------------------------------------------------------------------- - 1 -

2. Mc ch nghin cu --------------------------------------------------------------- - 2 -

3. Nhim v nghin cu -------------------------------------------------------------- - 2 -

4. Khch th v i tng nghin cu--------------------------------------------- - 3 -

5. Phm vi nghin cu ---------------------------------------------------------------- - 3 -

6. Gi thuyt khoa hc ---------------------------------------------------------------- - 3 -

7. Phng php nghin cu --------------------------------------------------------- - 3 -

8. D kin nhng ng gp ca lun vn ----------------------------------------- - 4 -

9. Cu trc ca lun vn ------------------------------------------------------------- - 4 -

PHN II. NI DUNG ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHNG 1. NGHIN CU L LUN ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1. Lch s vn nghin cu ----------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2. Mt s vn c bn ca thuyt kin to ---- Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.1. T tng ca thuyt kin to ----------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.2. Mt s quan im v dy hc kin to- Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.3. Phn loi kin to trong dy hc ------ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.4. Mt s c im c bn ca vic hc tp theo l thuyt kin to Error!

Bookmark not defined.

1.2.5. Dy hc mn ton theo quan im kin toError! Bookmark not

defined.

CHNG 2. NGHIN CU THC TIN .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1. Dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng -- Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1.1. Dy s ------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1.2. Cp s cng ------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1.3. Cp s nhn ------------------------------ Error! Bookmark not defined.

iv

2.1.4. Ch dy s trong chng trnh ton THPTError! Bookmark not

defined.

2.2. Kho st thc tin dy hc ch dy s trng THPT ------------ Error!

Bookmark not defined.

2.2.1. i tng v mc ch iu tra -------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2. Ni dung iu tra ------------------------ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.3. Phng php v tin hnh iu tra ---- Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.4. Kt qu iu tra -------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHNG 3. MT S XUT DY HC CH DY S TRNG PH

THNG THEO QUAN IM KIN TO ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1. Nguyn tc v quy trnh xy dng gio n theo quan im kin to Error!

Bookmark not defined.

3.1.1. Nguyn tc xy dng gio n theo quan im kin to ----------- Error!

Bookmark not defined.

3.1.2. Qui trnh xy dng gio n theo quan im kin toError! Bookmark

not defined.

3.2. Xy dng gio n dy hc ch dy s lp 11 trng ph thng -- Error!

Bookmark not defined.

3.2.1. Gio n bi Dy s ---------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.2. Gio n bi Cp s cng ---------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.3. Gio n bi Cp s nhn ---------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHNG 4. THC NGHIM S PHM ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1. Mc ch thc nghim---------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2. T chc thc nghim ----------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3. nh gi kt qu thc nghim ------------------ Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3.1. Cc phng php nh gi kt qu thc nghimError! Bookmark not

defined.

4.3.2. nh gi kt qu thc nghim v mt nh lngError! Bookmark

not defined.

v

4.3.3. nh gi kt qu thc nghim v mt nh tnhError! Bookmark not

defined.

4.3.4. Mt s kt lun rt ra t thc nghim s phmError! Bookmark

not defined.

PHN III. KT LUN V KIN NGH .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1. Nhng kt qu t c ----------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

2. Nhng xut kin ngh --------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.

TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................................ - 5 -

- 1 -

PHN I. NHNG VN CHUNG

1. L do chn ti

Ch dy s trong chng trnh THPT c v tr quan trng. Trong

chng trnh i s v Gii tch lp 11, ch dy s c phn phi thnh

mt chng gm nhiu n v kin thc nh: Dy s, Cp s cng, Cp s

nhn. Tuy nhin nhng vn lin quan n dy s cn xut hin trong nhiu

ni dung ton hc nh khai trin nh thc Newton, xut hin nhiu cp hc:

tiu hc hc sinh c lm quen vi dy s hu hn v mt vi tnh cht

n gin, THCS hc sinh cng bit n dy s hu hn vi cc bi ton tnh

tng cc s hng V th ch v dy s c vai tr khng nh trong vic

pht trin t duy nhn thc, k nng ton hc cho hc sinh, c bit l hc

sinh THPT.

Song trong thc t dy hc ch dy s cc trng ph thng hin

nay cn nng n v l thuyt, khng xut pht t thc t, hc sinh c hc

kin thc mt cch th ng. Vic i mi dy hc cn c nhiu iu cn

khc phc, chng hn nh nhn thc ca gio vin v i mi dy hc v cc

l thuyt i mi i khi cn lng tng.

Mt khc, trc yu cu i mi cn bn, ton din gio dc hin nay

v trn c s pht trin ngy cng nhanh, cng mnh ca chuyn ngnh gio

dc hc, nhiu thnh tu khoa hc v nghin cu gio dc c p dng

trong thc tin to ra bc pht trin vt bc trong dy hc. Trong phi

nhc n thuyt kin to ca J. Piagie v nhng cng trnh nghin cu ca

GS-TS Nguyn Hu Chu, Cao Th H v Dy hc ton trng ph thng

theo quan im kin to ng trn Tp ch Gio dc, (60), tr. 28-29, hay C

s l lun ca l thuyt kin to trong dy hc trn Tp ch Thng tin Khoa

- 2 -

hc Gio dc lm cho vic dy hc cc b mn ni chung v mn Ton

ni ring c s ci tin ng k v phng php.

Xut pht t c s l lun v thc tin nu trn, ngi vit chn

ti: Dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng theo quan im kin to.

Dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng theo quan im kin to da trn

c s ca l thuyt kin to, l thuyt kin to cho rng qu trnh nhn thc

ca ngi hc v bn cht l qu trnh ngi hc t xy dng kin thc cho

bn thn, thng qua dy hc kin to ngi hc l ch s hu thc s ca

tri thc. Trong dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng theo quan im kin

to, hc sinh khng th ng tip thu kin thc m t kin to nn kin thc

cho bn thn mnh bng cch tham gia vo mi trng hc tp tng tc tch

cc, t pht hin v gii quyt vn .

2. Mc ch nghin cu

Nghin cu l thuyt kin to v vn dng thuyt kin to vo dy hc

ch dy s trng ph thng nhm nng cao cht lng dy hc pht

trin nng lc ton hc ca hc sinh.

3. Nhim v nghin cu

t c mc ch trn, lun vn cn thc hin nhng nhim v sau:

- Nghin cu cc l thuyt dy hc v cc xu hng i mi phng

php dy hc hin nay, i su nghin cu thuyt dy hc kin to.

- Nghin cu phng php dy hc theo quan im kin to nh hng

pht trin nng lc; cc nng lc chung v chuyn bit trong mn ton hc

cn pht trin cho hc sinh trung hc; nng lc gii quyt vn .

- Nghin cu ni dung ch dy s v thc t phng php dy hc

ch ny trng ph thng.

- Nghin cu phng php dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng

theo quan im kin to.

- 3 -

- Thc nghim s phm nh gi tnh ph hp ca phng php dy hc

mi.

4. Khch th v i tng nghin cu

4.1. Khch th nghin cu

Qu trnh dy hc Ton trng THPT.

4. 2. i tng nghin cu

Dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng.

5. Phm vi nghin cu

Ni dung: Phn dy s v cc dng ton lin quan n dy s trong

trng ph thng.

a im: Trng THPT Trn Hng o - Thanh Xun Thnh ph H

Ni.

6. Gi thuyt khoa hc

Nu dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng theo quan im kin to

s gip hc sinh ch ng tip thu kin thc, nng cao nng lc ton hc ca

hc sinh t pht trin nng lc ca hc sinh.

7. Phng php nghin cu

7. 1. Cc phng php nghin cu l thuyt

- Nghin cu thu thp tng quan cc vn l lun c lin quan n

ti.

- S dng phi hp cc phng php phn tch, tng hp, phn loi, h

thng ha, khi qut ha trong nghin cu tng quan cc ti liu l lun c

lin quan thu thp.

7. 2. Cc phng php nghin cu thc tin

- iu tra thc trng vic dy hc dy s trng THPT.

- Thc nghim s phm theo k hoch ra khng nh tnh kh thi v

hiu qu cc bin php.

- 4 -

7. 3. Phng php x l thng tin

S dng phng php thng k ton hc x l s liu thc nghim

s phm.

8. D kin nhng ng gp ca lun vn

- Gp phn lm sng t v phong ph thm cc vn v l thuyt dy

hc thng qua vic nghin cu l thuyt dy hc kin to, vn dng l thuyt

kin to vo i mi dy hc mn Ton.

- Tng quan v lm sng t c s l lun v i mi PPDH theo nh

hng pht trin nng lc v vic s dng PPDH nh hng pht trin nng

lc cho hc sinh trong dy hc ton trng ph thng.

- xut mt s tit dy hc ch dy s lp 11 THPT theo quan

im dy hc kin to.

9. Cu trc ca lun vn

Ngoi phn m u, kt lun, ti liu tham kho v ph lc, lun vn

gm 4 chng

Chng 1. Nghin cu l lun

Chng 2. Nghin cu thc tin

Chng 3. Mt s xut dy hc ch dy s trng ph thng

theo quan im kin to

Chng 4. Thc nghim s phm

- 5 -

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Nguyn Ngc Bo, Ng Hiu (1995), T chc hot ng dy hc trng

Trung hc. NXB GD, H ni.

2. Nguyn Ngc Bo (1995). Pht trin tnh tch cc, tnh t lc ca hc sinh

trong QTDH. (Ti liu bi dng gio vin) B GD & T, H Ni.

3. Nguyn Vn Cng, Bernd Meier (2010), Mt s vn chung v i

mi phng php dy hc trng Trung hc ph thng, B gio dc v o

to, D n pht trin THPT.

4. Nguyn Vn Cng, Bernd Meier (2011), L lun dy hc, phng php

v qu trnh dy hc, B gio dc v o to, D n pht trin THPT.

5. Nguyn Hu Chu, Cao Th H (2003), Dy hc ton trng ph

thng theo quan im kin to, Tp ch Gio dc, (60), tr. 28-29.

6. Nguyn Hu Chu, Cao Th H (2004), C s l lun ca l thuyt kin

to trong dy hc, Tp ch Thng tin Khoa hc Gio dc, (103), tr. 1-4.

7. Nguyn Hu Chu (2005), Nhng vn c bn v chng trnh v qu

trnh dy hc, Nxb Gio dc.

8. Nguyn Mnh Chung (2001), Nng cao hiu qu dy hc khi nim Ton

hc bng cc bin php s phm theo hng: tch c hot ng ha hot

ng nhn thc ca hc sinh (Thng qua dy hc cc khi nim Hm s

v Gii hn cho hc sinh THPT), Lun n Tin s.

9. Hong Chng (1997), Phng php dy hc Ton trng ph thng

trung hc c s, ti bn ln th nht, Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

10. H Ngc i (1983). Tm l hc dy hc, NXB Gio dc H Ni.

11. Phm Huy in, Phan Huy Khi, T Duy Phng (2002), C s gii

tch ph thng - L thuyt v thc hnh tnh ton, Nxb Khoa hc v K thut.

12. Cao Th H (2006), Dy hc mt s ch hnh hc khng gian (hnh

hc 11) theo quan im kin to, Lun n tin s gio dc hc, H Ni.

- 6 -

13. Phm Minh Hc, Nguyn nh Tuyt, L Vn Hng, Long, Nguyn

Quang Un, ng Xun Hoi (1996). Tuyn tp tm l hc J.Piaget, Nxb

Gio dc, H Ni.

14. Phm Minh Hc (1997). Tm l hc Vgtxki. Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

15. Phm Minh Hc (1998): Tm l hc tp 1. Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

16. Trn Vn Ho, V Tun, o Ngc Nam, L Vn Tin, (V Vit Yn)

(2007), i s v Gii tch 11, Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

17. Trn Vn Ho (Tng ch bin)(2009), i s v gii tch lp 11(sch

gio vin), Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

18. Trn Duy Hng (2000), Quy trnh kin to tnh hung trong dy hc

theo nhm nh, Tp ch Gio dc, (7), tr. 18.

19.Nguyn B Kim (2011). Phng php dy hc mn Ton, NXB i hc

s phm, H Ni.

20. Nguyn B Kim (1998), Nhng kt lun s phm rt ra t cc l thuyt

dy hc, Tp ch Nghin cu Gio dc, (5), tr. 18.

21. Nguyn B Kim (1998), Nhng kt lun s phm rt ra t cc l thuyt

dy hc, Tp ch Nghin cu Gio dc, (6), tr. 21- 22.

22. Bi Vn Ngh (2008), Phng php dy hc nhng ni dung c th mn

ton, Nxb i hc S phm, H Ni.

23. Phan Trng Ng, Nguyn c Hng (2003), Cc l thuyt pht trin

tm l ngi, Nxb i hc S phm, H Ni.

24. Phan Trng Ng (2005), Dy hc v Phng php dy hc trong nh

trng, Nxb i hc S phm, H Ni.

25. Phan Trng Ng (Ch bin)(2001), Tm l hc tr tu, ngun Internet.

26. H Th Ng, ng V Hot (1987). Gio dc hc, tp 1, NXB Gio dc

H Ni.

27. Polya G. (2010) Sng to Ton hc, Nxb Gio dc H Ni.

28. Polya G. (1995), Ton hc v nhng suy lun c l, Nxb Gio dc H Ni

29. Polya G. (1975), Gii bi ton nh th no, Nxb Gio dc H Ni

- 7 -

30. A. V. Petrovski (1982), Tm l hc la tui v tm l hc s phm, Tp 2,

Nxb Gio dc.

31. on Qunh, Nguyn Huy oan, Nguyn Xun Lim, Nguyn Khc

Minh, ng Hng Thng (2009), i s v Gii tch 11 nng cao , Nxb

Gio dc, H Ni.

32. on Qunh, Nguyn Huy oan, Nguyn Xun Lim, Nguyn Khc

Minh, ng Hng Thng (2009), i s v Gii tch 11 nng cao (sch

gio vin) , Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

33. on Qunh, Trn Nam Dng, Nguyn V Lng, ng Hng

Thng (2010), Ti liu chuyn ton i S v Gii tch 11, Nxb Gio dc

Vit Nam.

34. on Qunh, Trn Nam Dng, Nguyn V Lng, ng Hng

Thng (2010), Ti liu chuyn ton bi tp i s v Gii tch 11, Nxb Gio

dc Vit Nam.

35. o Tam (2007), Rn luyn cho hc sinh ph thng mt s thnh t ca

nng lc kin to kin thc trong dy hc ton, Tp ch gio dc s 165 (k 2

- 6/2007), tr.26-28.

36. o Tam, L Hin Dng (2007), Tip cn cc phng php dy hc

khng truyn thng trng i hc v trng ph thng, Nxb i hc S

phm, H Ni.

37. o Tam, Trn Trung (2010), T chc hot ng nhn thc trong dy

hc mn Ton trng Trung hc ph thng, Nxb i hc S phm, H Ni.

38. Chu Trng Thanh (2010), C s hin i ca Ton ph thng, Nxb

HSP, H Ni.

39. Trn Thc Trnh (1998), C s l lun dy hc nng cao (Dng hc

vin cao hc PPDH Ton), Vin khoa hc gio dc H Ni

40. Trn Vui (ch bin) (2006a), Mt s xu hng mi trong dy hc ton

trng trung hc ph thng, Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.

41. Phm Vit Vng(2008), Gio dc hc, Nxb i hc S phm.

- 8 -

42. Ernest P. (1991). The Philosophy of Mathematics Education, The Falmer

Press, London, UK (Ngun Internet).