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Nhung Dieu Can Biet de Cay Lan Khong Chet Va Gia the Trong Lan 4924
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Nhng iu cn bit
cy lan khng cht v
Gi th trng lan
Cy lan l cy hoa cnh c nhiu ngi a chung bi v p mun mu,
mun v ca n.Tuy nhin lan l mt loi hoa cn c chm sc thng
xuyn v ng cch, nu khng cy sng nhng ci cc, khng ra hoa hoc s
cht i.
Cy lan b cht c nhiu nguyn nhn, mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh l ch
nhn ca cy lan khng thng n, v khng thng nn khng tm hiu cch
nui dng n, khng cho n mt t thi gian ti tm, phng su bnh.
1.Ti sao cy lan cht
Trc tin cy lan cht v con ngi khng ch n mi trng sng ca n. Cy
lan s khng tng trng nu t ngt thay i mi trng sinh sng thin nhin
c hu. Phi mt thi gian lu cy lan thch hp vi mi trng mi. y l
im ngi mua lan v nui trng cn lu . Mt cy lan vng nhit i, kh hu
m t em v vng kh hu kh ro, t m , cy kh sng nu khng c
phng tin cung ng iu kin thch hp. C nhng hoa lan ch th phn c
nh mt loi ong, bm ch c ni mi trng m thi. Do vy, ngi mi
chi lan nn mua nhng cy c ph thng, thch hp vi mi trng mnh
ang sinh sng. Khng nn v mu sc, hnh dng bt mt m mua khng n o.
Vi nhng cy lan thuc loi Cymbidium sng ph hp nhng ni c nhit
thay i trong ngy t 21oC - 38oC v ban m phi lnh
Vi nhng cy lan thuc loi Cymbidium sng ph hp nhng ni c nhit
thay i trong ngy t 21oC 38oC v ban m phi lnh
Khi mua mt ging lan l ta cn bit tn (tn khoa hc) hay t nht tn bnh dn
nhng ph thng. Tn c nh cung cp ghi r vo tm th km theo cy .Chng
ta nn cn thn ghi chp y tn khoa hc v mt vi tn ph thng cho d tra
cu. Nu c nn xin nh vn cung cp cho mt ti liu v cch nui trng hoc
trao i vi h bit thm v cy lan mnh mun mua. V d c nhng cy lan
cn ng v ma ng, nn khng cn ti nc, bn phn trong thi gian ny.
Lm ngc li cy lan s cht.
Ni nm na, cy ci cng nh con ngi cn mt s yu t sng nh nc, nh
sng, nhit , khng kh v mt s iu kin tng trng nh phn bn, s
chm sc ca con ngi. Ty tng loi lan, ty cch trng m cung ng nhng yu
t trn cho thch hp. Cy cn m, cn nc nhng ti nhiu qu cy b ng
nc, thi r v cht. Cy lan x nng, em v x lnh trng, nu khng tng nhit
thch hp, cy lan s cht. Cy lan cn nh sng, cn nng tng trng, ra
hoa. Nu lu trong ch rp, trong nh, cy lan s yu, d b bnh v khng ra
hoa.
2. cy lan khng cht
Ngi trng lan d kinh doanh hay trng nh mt th tiu khin u phi tm
hiu v k thut, phng php c th thnh cng,cn hc hi, tm hiu, trao i
thu thp kinh nghim cho mnh. Ti nc cho lan, mi nghe tng d, nhng
90% cy lan cht v ti qu nhiu nc. Khng bn phn cy lan ch chm ln,
bn phn khng ng cch, cy lan cht. cy lan khi cht, ngi chi phi c
gng nht l trong thi gian u hc hi, tm hiu. Sau vi kinh nghim, mi
vic s d dng hn.
Cy lan thuc loi Phalaenopsis l cy a bng mt, l rng d mt nc nn cn
ti nhiu nc , nhng trnh ng nc li trn l
Cy lan thuc loi Phalaenopsis l cy a bng mt, l rng d mt nc nn cn
ti nhiu nc , nhng trnh ng nc li trn l
Tm hiu nhng c tnh ca cy lan trc khi mua. i vi ngi mi trng lan
nn mua nhng cy d trng. i vi nhng cy lan l nn tm hiu thm nhng
c tnh ring bit ca mi loi cung ng nhng i hi thch hp. Tm hiu kh
nng ca mnh c phng tin hay khng, V d xy nh knh cho cc cy khc
vng kh hu.
Ngi nui trng cn tm hiu s qua cch ti nc, bn phn, tr bnh tt, su
ry cho ng phng php. T khi c triu chng cho n khi cht, cy lan c mt
thi gian kh lu cho ta cu cha kp thi. Nu cy khng tng trng ta nn
n mi trng, v tr t cy lan, nng, thiu nng, tha nng. S gi nng
chiu trong ngy hay s chnh lch nhit cao-thp cng nh hng n cy lan
c ra hoa hay khng. Nu lu mt v tr m cy khng pht trin ta nn thay i
ra ch khc. Mm non v r mi xut hin cho ta bit cy c th chp nhn
ch mi. L t nhin i mu vng, r xung, r thm en ch cn gn gia, bo
hiu cy lan d nc v ti qu nhiu hay nc khng thot c hoc t trng
cn phi thay v mn thnh bn. Cc u l, sau mt thi gian bn phn b kh
chy tc l ta bn qu nhiu phn. Cn kim sot li nng ca phn hoc
khong cch mi ln ti. Ta cng lu nhng du hiu trn l, trn r chn
on bnh v cu cha kp thi.
Ni chung, trnh cho cy lan khng cht chng ta cn:
- Tm hiu c tnh ca cy lan mnh mun mua trng, khng mua ty hng.
- Nn trng nhng cy d trc c kinh nghim.
- T xt kh nng ca mnh v s chm sc, trang tri, v k thut.
- p dng ng nhng iu hc hi, kinh nghim v hng dn chuyn bit.
- Khng t i khi tm hiu, hc hi, trao i vi nhng ngi c kinh nghim.
- Gi v sinh trang tri, dng c trnh ly bnh, vi trng, virus.
Gi th trng lan
Mi loi lan cn mt cht liu trng khc nhau v mi cht liu li cn mt
cch ti bn thch hp. Th d loi phong lan khng th dng nhng cht
liu trng cho a lan hay ngc li. Loi lan cn nhiu nc khng th dng
cht liu mau kh c.
Nhiu ngi thc mc khng bit nn trng lan bng cht liu g cho ng cch v
trn th trng c qu nhiu cht liu v mi ngi trng mt khc. Chng ta
nhng ngi chi lan ti t thng mc chung mt chng bnh: Mun trng
loi, nhng li cng mt ch, trng vi nhiu cht liu khc nhau m li ti
bn nh nhau. Xin phn tch tng th mt chng ta chn la, bi v chng c
mt th no l tng 100% c th dng cho tt c cc loi lan.
Ngi ta c th trng lan bng nhiu th nh v cy, , s da, ru v.v...
Nhng mi cht liu c nhng c tnh khc nhau cho nn c nhng li im v
khuyt im. Chng ta nn nh rng mi loi lan cn mt cht liu trng khc
nhau v mi cht liu li cn mt cch ti bn thch hp. Th d loi phong lan
khng th dng nhng cht liu trng cho a lan hay ngc li. Loi lan cn nhiu
nc khng th dng cht liu mau kh c. Ngoi ra cn c nhng vn ph
thuc lin quan n nh: Ti nc, sn c trn th trng, gi c, tin dng hay
khng?
1) V thng (Fir Bark)
Th ny thng dng hn c, r tin, d mua, gi nc v m, kh thch hp cho
nhiu th lan cho nn nhiu ngi dng. iu bt tin l th ny gi cht mui c
sn trong nc v trong phn bn, ch gi c chng 2/3 s Nitrogene trong phn
bn v thng thng s b mc nt trong khong 2-3 nm.
Fir Bark c 3 hng:
Ln (coarse) to khong 3/4 tr ln dng cho cc cy ln, cn ti nhiu v thot
nc.
Va (medium) t 1/4 n 1/2 dng cho nhng cy trung bnh v r nh.
Nh (fine) t 1/8 n 1/4 dng cho cc cy cn nh hoc nhng loi cn gi nuc
lu hn.
Xin ng nhm ln vi loi Pine bark, cng l v thng nhng c ln g trong ,
th ny mau mc, ng nc, ln men mc trng, du thng trong g s lm hi r.
Lan khng a th Pine Bark ny.
V thng nh (Fir bark small)
V thng trung bnh (Fir bark medium)
V thng ln (Fir bark large)
2) G thng (Red wood shaving)
Th ny cng khng qu t, gi nc nhiu nc v m, li nhiu acide cho
nn ch dng di 50%, tr c nm men trng. Sn khng v (slug) khng a
th ny. iu bt tin l th ny trng khng cht cho nn phi ct cy vo chu
v kh tm loi g tt.
G thng (Red wood shaving)
3) R cy dng s (Tree fern)
Th ny mau kh, lu bn dc trn 3 nm mi mc, nh thch hp vi nhng r
treo (hanging basket)
R cy dng s (Tree fern)
4) S da, v da (Coconut fiber, chip)
S da dng lt y chu hay r treo hoc trng nhng loi lan cn ro nc.
Khuyt im mau kh v nh cho nn chu hay b .
V da ct nh c hai loi va (Medium) v nh (fine). u dim l ngm nc
mau hn v gi m lu hn, Nhng phn ng cc loi s da u c nhiu
mui trong, nn cn phi ngm nc vi ngy, x cho sch ri mi trng c.
Theo kinh nghim cc ging lan Laelia khng a trng bng s da.
S da, v da (Coconut fiber, chip)
5) Ru (Sphagnum moss)
Loi ru bn x hoc Canada mu nu en hoc nu xanh khng nn dng v phm
cht xu v trong ru c nhiu cht lm cho cy lan yu i. Ch nn dng loi ru
nhp cng t New Zealand hoc Brasil mu vng rm trng lan v trong ru c
tc dng tr nm mc. Khi trng, khng nn nn qu cht mi ch c nhiu
nc. Rt tt trng lan trn cnh cy v chu g nhng qu t tin, chng h
mc v gi mui cho nn c vi thng phi x nc cho nhiu hay ngm trong
nc.
Ru (Sphagnum moss)
6) Than (Charcoal)
Than trng lan khng phi l th lan t l lm sn tng vin. Than phi t t
ci dng cho vic trng trt (Agriculture charcoal). Than c u im lu bn t 5-6
nm mi phi thay chu v ch dng mt c cho th cy ln nh. Sn khng v
(Slug) khng a sng trong than. Nhc im qu t v gi cht mui v phn
bn cho nn c hai thng phi x tht nhiu nc cho sch.
Than (Charcoal)
7) ni la (Lava rock)
ni la c u im d ngm nc, khng b mc, thong hi v khng qu
nng. Rt tt lt y chu thay cho cht xp u phng (Peanut foam) Nhc
im l gi cht mui cho nn c 2 thng phi x nc cho sch. Sn khng v a
tr ng trong k .
ni la (Lava rock)
8) xp (Pumice rock)
Pumice l mt loi lava rock nhng nh hn v thm nc, lu bn khng b
mc nhng cng c nhc im l gi mui v th c nhiu loi lan khng a loi
ny.
xp (Pumice rock)
9) bt (Perlite or sponge rock)
bt hau trn chu rt nh v thm nc, dng trn vi v thng hoc r
cy cho thong kh rt thch hp cho cc loi lan c r nh.
bt (Perlite or sponge rock)
Mt vi cng thc trng lan
LAN T CYMBIDIUM
V thng nh 1/8 - 1/4; (Fine grade) 5 phn
V thng va 1/2; (Medium grade) 2 phn
V da nh hoc ln (Coconut chip) 2 phn
Ct s 12 1 phn
G thng (red wood shaving) 1/2 phn
CATTLEYA, LAELIA, SCHOMGBURKIA, PHALAENOPSIS v.v...
V thng va 1/2 (Medium grade) 6 phn
V da ln 1/2" (Coconut chip) 2 phn
xanh hay xp (Pumice rock) 2 phn
trn chu bt (Perlite) 1 phn
G thng (red wood shaving) 1/2 phn
DENDROBIUM
V thng va 1/2; (Medium grade) 4 phn
V da 1/2 (Coconut chip) 2 phn
xanh hay xp (Pumice rock) 4 phn
G thng 1/2 phn
N HI V CC CY C R NH NH MILTONIA, ONCIDIUM
V thng nh 1/8 - 1/4; (Fine grade) 6 phn
V da nh 1/4 (Coconut chip) 2 phn
Than nh 1/8-1/4 (Charcoal) 1 phn
bt (Perlite) 1 phn
Ngi ta trng lan vi kh nhiu cng thc khc nhau, sau y l mt vi cng
thc kh thng dng v kt qu m mn.