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8/12/2019 Nim Install
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$AB%& 'F ('N$&N$)
1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................4
2 Contacts...................................................................................................................................5
3 High Level overview:..............................................................................................................64 Helpful I! co""ands:.........................................................................................................#
5. I! Install and Configuration................................................................................................$
5.1. Introduction to etwor% Installation !anage"ent..........................................................$
5.2. Create the I! "aster.....................................................................................................&5.2.1 'uild I! (iles)ste"...........................................................................................1*
5.2.2 Install I! !aster................................................................................................1*
5.2.3 'uild the L++ ,-/C0........................................................................................1*5.2.4 pdate the ,+-...................................................................................................12
5.3 Configure I! "aster...................................................................................................12
5.3.1 Configure !aster etwor% /esource....................................................................125.3.2 Configure L++ /esources......................................................................................13
5.3.3 Configure ,+- /esources...................................................................................16
5.3.4 Create "%s)s I! /esources.............................................................................1$5.4 Install I! Clients........................................................................................................21
5.4.1 dding the Client to the I! !aster....................................................................21
5.4.1.1 dd the Client ,erver to I! "aster................................................................21
5.4.1.2 +reparing the I! Client for a osinstall........................................................235.4.2 Configure the Client ,ervers.................................................................................26
5.4.2.1 'ooting into ,!, !ode....................................................................................26
5.4.2.2 Configuring /e"ote I+L...................................................................................2$5.4.2.3 dapter Configuration and est.........................................................................2$
5.4.2.4 'ooting the ,erver fro" the I! !aster..........................................................3*
6 ,erver 'ac%ups and /estores.........................................................................................346.1 ,tructure of the I! !aster..........................................................................................34
6.2 +reparation for I! 'ac%ups and /estores..................................................................35
6.3 'ac%up a I! Client.....................................................................................................35
6.4 /estore a I! Client.....................................................................................................356.5 /econfiguration on the cleint after "%s)s ac%up is installed....................................36
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1 Introduction
The intent of this document is to provide detail steps for AIX install, backup, restore, migrationusing Network Installation Management tool (NIM) for !A"s in N#$$ environment% It includes
guidance in setting up a NIM environment%
Assumptions used during this document,
There is alread& a backup strateg& in place and mks&sb's are being saved on the NIM
Master in the eportnimmks&sb N*$ director&%
!+A $erver has been designated at the NIM Master%
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2 Contacts
N#$$ -anada.
Nam /am 000 120+3402+56
!atrick /o 000 120+34071+1
8oan #o 000 35+046+04554
I9M -anada
9er:is !atel 000 1201;6065;3
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3 High Level overview:
The following is a fundamental list of activities to be performed in order to create the NIMenvironment and perform a NIM install on the client partition%
!lanning the NIM -onfiguration
o !lan the NIM Master network config (what network is being used)
o !lan the NIM Master and -lient NIM names
o !lan the NIM Master director& structure
o !lan the NIM -lient network config%
o !lan the NIM Master "esource names (lppsource,spot,se smitt& nim to configure nim environment
o >se smitt& nim?mkres to build the lpp resource, spot,bosinst and mks&sb resources
-reate the nim clients
o @smitt& nim?mkmac
Allocate the NIM resources to the client in preparation for mks&sb restore%
o @smitt& nim?bosinst
9oot the client into $M$ and select boot from Bthernet (add the I!'s as re=uired)%
-lient boots and performs the mks&sb restore%
o Cnce finished, the nim resources are deallocated%
o Additional AIX configuration such as etherchannel ma& be re=uired%
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4 Helpful NIM commands:
s"itt) ni"
s"itt) ni""%"ac
s"itt) ni""%net
s"itt) ni"osinst
lsni"
lsni" l "achine na"e7
lsni" l resource na"e7
lsni" a spot 8who has spot allocated9
ni" (o reset "achine7
ni" o deallocate a suclassall client "achine7
ni" (o reset resource7
ni" o chec% resource7
ni" o chec% spot52
ni" o lslpp spot resource7
ni" o showres resource7
ni" o fi;u r
d lppsource director)
u re"ove duplicate updates
re"ove duplicate ase levels
% re"ove languages
; re"ove supercedes
r re"ove files
" "ove files
l list files
? verose
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! NIM Install and Configuration
There are different wa&s which can be used for AIX installation process% Due to the ph&sicalconfiguration of a managed s&stem, use of the Network Installation Management (NIM)environment to install AIX is recommended%
!1! Introduction to Network Installation Management
This section provides an introduction to the NIM environment and the operations &ou canperform to manage the installation of the AIX 9ase Cperating $&stem (9C$) and optionalsoftware on one or more machines% NIM gives &ou the abilit& to install and maintain not onl& the
AIX operating s&stem, but also an& additional software and fies that ma& be applied over time%NIM also allows &ou to customiEe the configuration of machines both during and afterinstallation% NIM eliminates the need for access to ph&sical media, such as tapes and -D0"CMs, because the media is a NIM resource on the NIM master server% $&stem backups canbe created with NIM, and stored on an& server in the NIM environment, including the NIMmaster% >se NIM to restore a s&stem backup to the same server or to another server% 9efore&ou begin configuring the NIM environment, &ou should alread& have the following.
N*$ and T-!I! installed
T-!I! configured correctl&
Name resolution configured
*or an& installation procedure, &ou need a software source to install from, such as the AIX +%4product -Ds (in N#$$ environment)% The AIX +%4 product -Ds contains boot images used toboot the s&stem from the -D0"CM, installation images, and the installation commands used toinstall the installation images%
In the NIM environment, the software source isseparated into two NIM resources, the !!?$ource
and the $!CT% The !!?$ource is a director& on&our NIM server% Fhen the !!?$ource is created,installation images are copied from the product-Ds to the !!?$ource director&% The product -Dsalso contains boot images that enable the s&stemto boot from the -D0"CM and installationcommands that are used to install the installationimages% This e=uivalent NIM resource is called the$!CT ($hared !roduct Cb:ect Tree)% The $!CT is
a director& that contains the installation commandsthat are used to install the installation images from the !!?$ourceonto a s&stem% The $!CT is also used to build the necessar& boot images to boot a client
s&stem% $eparate boot images eist for each t&pe of adapter (Bthernet, token ring, and so on)%This illustration above shows that when an !!?$ource resource is created, installation imagesare copied from the product -Ds to the !!?$ource director& and a $!CT resource containsthe installation commands used to install the installation images from the !!?$ource resourceonto a s&stem%
Fhen using the nim"master"setupscript to install a NIM master on a s&stem, it creates an!!?$ource and $!CT resource for &ou and defines the resources in the NIM environment%
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The nim"master"setupscript will also cop& the AIX update images from &our update -D to the!!?$ource and then install the update images into the $!CT resource% In addition to the!!?$ource and $!CT resources, several NIM resources can help customiEe the 9C$installation process and basic network configuration% The following table shows all the NIMresources that are created with the nim"master"setupscript.
Table 5. NIM resources created by nim_master_setupscript
NIM *esour+e Name i-en Des+ription
spot@ ,pot52 Co""ands used during installation. he networ% ooti"ages are uilt fro" the ,+-.
lppsource Lppsource52 Airector) containing installation i"ages.
"%s)s Hostna"e."%s)s ,)ste" ac%up i"age
osinstdata osinstow nswers
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This section describes how to configure the NIM master when the NIM fileset (and lpp source)has been installed onto the server% There are two lpp sources K AIX +%7 and AIX +%4 K installedon the NIM master%
!2!3 Configure Master Networ# esource
To create a lpp resource, do the following.o smitt$ nim"m#net
o The Network Typescreen appears% $elect ent, then press the .nterke&.
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o The Define a Networkscreen appears% enter the appropriate information as thefollowing%
Define a Network
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
Entry Fields!
" Network Name master!
Network Type ent
Ethernet Type #tandard
Network $P Address !
#u%netmask !
&ther Network Type
'omments master network!
F()*elp F+)Refresh F,)'ancel F-)ist
Esc/0)Reset F1)'ommand F2)Edit F3)$mage
F4)#hell F(5)E6it Enter)Do
!2!4 Configure L esources
o create a lpp sourceB do the following:
o smitt$ nim"m#res
o he esource $pescreen appears. ,elect the lpp"sourcet)peB and then press the .nter
%e).
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o he Define a Resourcescreen appears. Ao the following:
o In the Reso!rce Na"efieldB enter lppsource"2.
o In the #erver of Reso!rcefieldB press the (4%e)B then select masterfro" the list.
o In the $ocation of Reso!rcefieldB enter,media,/I0,/I02.
o In the Co""ent fieldB enter )our co""ent such as his is the latest ID 5.2 -, filesetsE
o +ress the .nter%e) to add the resource.
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Define a Resource
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
Entry Fields!
" Resource Name lppsource70+!
" Resource Type lpp7source
" #erver of Resource master!
" ocation of Resource8e6port8software/!
#ource of $nstall $mages !
Names of &ption Packages !
'omments This is thelates/!
F()*elp F+)Refresh F,)'ancel F-)ist
Esc/0)Reset F1)'ommand F2)Edit F3)$mage
F4)#hell F(5)E6it Enter)Do
o Cnce the command has completed, press the (1-ke& to eit to the command prompt%
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!2! Configure 5 esources
To create a spot resource, do the following.
o smitt$ nim"m#res
o The esource $pescreen appears% $elect the spott&pe, then press the .nterke&%
o The Define a Resourcescreen appears% Do the following.
o In the Reso!rce Na"efield, enter spot2%
o In the #erver of Reso!rcefield, press the (4ke&, then select masterfrom the list%
o In the $ource of Install Images, press the (4ke&, then select lppsource"2 from the list%
o In the $ocation of Reso!rcefield, enter,e6port,nim,spot%
o In the -omment field, enter &our comment such as @This is the spot for AIX +%4 M;
o !ress the .nterke& to add the resource%
Define a Resource
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
Entry Fields!
" Resource Name spot0+!
" Resource Type spot
" #erver of Resource master!
" #ource of $nstall $mages !
" ocation of Resource 8e6port8N$98spot!
E6pand file systems if space needed: yes'omments This is the spot for/!
installp Flags
'&99$T software updates: no
#A;E replaced files: yes
A
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!2!7 Create m#s$s% NIM esources
Lou must create at least one mks&sb resource as &our s&stem backup image% The actualmks&sb image can be created from each !A" weekl& as a backup AIX +% image for each!A", saved in the eportnimmks&sbhostname director&% It can also be copied to a -D as aseparate backup, especiall& for the NIM master% To create a mks&sb resource, do the following.
o Assume the mks&sb is a file in,e6port,nim,m#s$s%,hostname,hostname!m#s$s%
o Define the new mks&sb resource in NIM b& entering the following command from the
command line.
o smitt$ nim"m#res
o The Resource Typescreen appears% $elect the mks&sb resource t&pe, then press the
.nterke&%
o The Define a Resourcescreen appears% Do the following.
o In the Reso!rce Na"efield, enter hostname!m#s$s%%
o In the #erver of Reso!rcefield, press the (4ke&, then select masterfrom the list%
o In the $ocation of Reso!rcefield, enter,e6port,nim,m#s$s%,hostname%
o In the -omment field, enter &our comment as re=uired
o !ress the .nterke& to add the resource%
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Define a Resource
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
T&P! Entry Fields!
" Resource Name 0+mksys%!
" Resource Type mksys%
" #erver of Resource master!
" ocation of Resource 8e6port8nim8mksys%/!
'omments !
#ource for Replication !
&R
#ystem Backup $mage 'reation &ptionsC
'REATE system %ackup image: noN$9 '$ENT to %ackup !
PRE;$E? only: no
$N&RE space re>uirements: no
9&RE...4!
F()*elp F+)Refresh F,)'ancel F-)ist
Esc/0)Reset F1)'ommand F2)Edit F3)$mage
F4)#hell F(5)E6it Enter)Do
o Cnce the command has completed, press the (1-ke& to eit to the command prompt%
Install NIM Clients
Now &ou can start to configure and install AIX to each !A" (NIM -lient)% The following sectionsdescribe the procedure of installation on a NIM client and &ou can repeat it until all servers areinstalled% There are two stages to configuring and installing a new client server from the NIMmaster% The first step involves adding the client on the NIM master% The second step involvesconfiguring the client server for a NIM action, and then initiating a NIM boot over the network%This will automaticall& install the new server using the client template definition in the NIMmaster%
!2!8 /dding the Client to the NIM Master
!2!8!1 /dd the Client erver to NIM master
The net step adds the client server to the NIM server% "un the following command.
smitt$ nim"m#mac
Bnter the host name of NIM client press Bnter, then select entas the attached network% *ill inthe fields of the net screen using the following values and press .nterwhen complete.
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Define a 9achine
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
Entry Fields!
" N$9 9achine Name catommdd%pca5(!
" 9achine Type standalone!
" *ardware Platform Type chrp!
ernel to use for Network Boot mp!
Primary Network $nstall $nterface
" 'a%le Type tp
" Network #peed #etting auto!
" Network Duple6 #etting auto!
" N$9 Network master7net
" *ost Name catosnimpa55
Network Adapter *ardware Address 5!Network Adapter ogical Device Name !
$P R&9 Emulation Device !
'P< $d !
9achine roup !
'omments !F()*elp F+)Refresh F,)'ancel F-)ist
Esc/0)Reset F1)'ommand F2)Edit F3)$mage
F4)#hell F(5)E6it Enter)Do
To verif& the new client was added correctl&, run the following command. lsnim Kl catom0mddbpca5J
!2!8!2 reparing the NIM Client for a %os"install
At this point, the newl& created NIM client must have a bosinst?data resources allocated to it inorder to make it serviceable%
To allocate the bosinst%data, run the following command.
smitt$ nim"%osinst
$elect the previousl& defined client name, and press Bnter%
-hoose @m#s$s% for the installation t&pe, and press Bnter%
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$elect the desired mks&sb resource (+4mks&sb for instance), and press Bnter%
#elect the 9#=#B to use for the installation
9ove cursor to desired item and press Enter.
0+mksys% resources mksys%
F()*elp F+)Refresh F,)'ancelF-)ist
Esc/0)Reset F1)'ommand F2)EditF3)$mage F4)#hell
$elect the previousl& defined $!CT resource, and press Bnter%
#elect the 9#=#B to use for the installation
9ove cursor to desired item and press Enter.
spot0+ resources spot
F()*elp F+)Refresh F,)'ancelF-)ist
Esc/0)Reset F1)'ommand F2)EditF3)$mage F4)#hell
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Co"plete the ne;t screen ) filling in the following fieldsB and pressing 0nter twice to
confir" when co"plete.
$nstall the Base &perating #ystem on #tandalone 'lientsT&P! Entry Fields!
" $nstallation Target catosmdd%%ca5+
" $nstallation T=PE mksys%
" #P&T spot0+
" PP7#&
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lsnim 9l catos;mdd%%ca-2suall& C$ 9ackups (mks&sb) will occur through regularl& scheduled :obs on each of theservers% These servers will nfs mount the eportnimmks&sb director& from the NIM Master,over the network, and perform a mks&sb to a file in the N*$ director&% Cnce the mks&sbcompletes, the nfs mount will be unmounted, leaving the completed mks&sb file on the nimmaster%
In the event a server has to be recovered, such as a catastrophic hardware or softwareproblem, this mks&sb can be @pushed down to the server to restore the server operation%
The eportNIM director& holds the re=uired NIM master resources such as the mks&sb and$!CT and !!$C>"-B%
7!2 reparation for NIM 'ac#ups and estores
$ome ke& components re=uired for 9ackups and "estores are listed below%
The etchosts file on all servers must contain all server hostnames and I! Addresses% It
must be accurate%
The network must be full& functional%
The eportnimmks&sb director& is nfs eported as "eadFrite from the NIM master toall -lients% As part of this, the etchosts file must be accurate%
The client must have an mks&sb mount point director& created
Lou will need to create a scripts for the same
7!3 'ac#up a NIM Client
The backup process begins on the NIM -lient (for instance K catos0mddbbca5)%
o $tep K the client nfs mounts the eportnimmks&sb director& from the NIM master%
o $tep 4 K the client issues the mks&sb command and places the resulting file in the nfsmounted mks&sb director&% This mks&sb file contains all info in regards to the Cperating$&stem as well as customer data%
o $tep 7 K the client unmounts the nfs director&% The mks&sb backup now resides on the
NIM master%
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o $tep 1 K 9ackup software such as T$M can then be used to manage the backup of the
mks&sbs now residing on the NIM Master% T$M is also used to backup all application
@data% This is be&ond the scopeof this docu"ent.
7!4 estore a NIM Client
The restore process involves the use of NIM to restore a previousl& saved mks&sb image of aserver in the event of a catastrophic failure%
The restore process begins on the NIM master but then shifts to the NIM -lient $erver at step 7(perform a netboot)%
o $tep K The desired mks&sb image mks&sb%hostname to restore is selected in the
eportnimmks&sbhostname director&%
o $tep 4 K "emove and recreate the mks&sb resource on the NIM master% >se smitt$
nim"m#res
o $tep 7 K the NIM master is configured to allocate the desired mks&sb image to the
desired client and set the client to netboot% >se @smitt$ nim"%osinst%
o $tep 1 K the client is netbooted% During this process, it follows the instructions setup on
the NIM master and performs a non0prompted C$ install%
o $tep + K at the end of the netboot, the NIM resources are automaticall& deallocated on
the NIM Master and the server is rebooted to the login screen%
7! econfiguration on the client after m#s$s% %ac#up is installed
To restore original environment which mks&sb was built, do the following steps.o $tep K -heck hostname%
o $tep 4 K -heck all Bthernet adapater and lables%
o $tep 7 K -heck all etherchannels
o $tep 1 K -heck #A-M! filesets and start #A-M! %
o $tep + K -heck all $AN disk are attached and configured
o $tep 2 K $tart !*$%
o $tep ; 0 Mount files&stems%
o $tep 6 K run smitt$ aioand select change,show /s$nchronous I,5%select @/. to %e configured at s$stem restart as @availa%le% This is necessar&for oracle application%
o $tep 3 K Application !eople to check Cracle "A- and its working