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INTERNETDOCUMENTINFORMATIONFORMA ReportTitle: DevelopmentsinNon-LethalPayloadsfor12-GaugeShotgunsand40mmGrenadeLaunchersB .DATEReportDownloadedFrom theInternet 8/17/98Report'sPointofContact:(Name,Organization,Address,OfficeSymbol,&Ph#):eltaDefense,Inc.,RoyKelly1111JeffersonDavisHighwaySuite508Arlington,VA 22202D.CurrentlyApplicableClassificationLevel:nclassified E.istributionStatement A:pprovedforPublicReleaseF.heforegoinginformationwascompiledandprovidedby:DTIC-OCA,Initials: iPCYXreparationate: Vj~ 1 |IVTheforegoinginformationshouldexactlycorrespondtotheTitle,ReportNumber,andtheDateon theaccompanyingreportdocument.ftherearemismatches,orotherquestions,contacttheaboveOCARepresentativefo rresolution.

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DevelopmentsinNon-LethalPayloads for12-GaugeShotgunsand40mm GrenadeLaunchersRoy Kelly

DeltaDefense,Inc.,1111JeffersonDavisHighway Suite508 Arlington,V A 22202Tel.(703)416-4928Fax:(703)416-4934 e-mail:rj^ljyddji^lxom

BackgroundTheincreasingtrendtowardsUSoldiersbeingengagedinpeacekeepingoperationsha sinevitablyfocusedattention on th e needto provideth e infantrymanwitha wider rangeofnon-lethal munitions to supplementexistinglethalordnance.lthoughnon-lethalperhapsbetterdescribedslesslethal)ordnanceisstillin itsinfancy,non-lethalordnance i temshavenow beenfielded,orar e indevelopment,inallth emajorguncalibersavailabletoth einfantryman;including5 .56mm,7.62mm,2-gaugean d40mm grenadelaunchers.nthisontext,2-gaugehotgunsnd0m m ighndowelocitygrenadelaunchers(MK19an dM203/M79respectively)ar eprobablyth emostversatileweaponsfo r infantrymento launchnon-lethalordnancefrom astandoffposition.ne reasonfo rthisisth ewiderangeofdistancesthatca nbecoveredby12-gaugeand40mm ordnance,anotherbeingth erelativelylargevolume,particularly in 40mm projectiles, fo r incorporating non-lethalpayloads. Thispaper firstlydescribesworkcarriedou tto develop37mm an d4 0 mm pepperspra>cartridges fo rawnforcementndmilitarypplicationsespectively.escriptionslsoivenfcollaborativefforts ithw ouropeanompanies- ic oyrotechnikfGermanynd PrimetakeofEngland-toextendth erangeofnon-lethalpayloadssuitablefo rlaunchingfrom 4 0 mm an d12-gaugedelivery platforms.

PepperSprayProjectileDeltaDefensehasdevelopedanimprovednon-lethalprojectilefo ruse inhostage,barr icadean d tacticalassaultsituations.hisworkw ascarriedou tinitiallyin37mm caliberan dw asfunded in partbyth e NationalInstituteof Justice'snon-lethalprogram. Hostage/barr icadencidents ose neofth emost ifficultituationsverncounterednaw enforcement. Theycallfo rameasuredresponsetosubduecriminalswithoutcausinginjuryto

S9 iS4II3YINSPECTED1 \Q TTlS-ll-A-^S

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either th ecriminal,th ehostagesorinnocentbystanders.nder thesecircumstances,itisessentialthatth erespondingofficersshouldhaveaccessto a greaterrangeofimproved weaponry to allow themoespondppropriatelynheventt rovesmpossibleond ostage/barricade incidentby negotiationor otherpeacefulmeans.Thechemicalteargasagents-C N ,C Ran dC S-haveallbeenusedextensivelybyth emilitary mainlyinriotcontrolsituations.eppersprays(basedonoleoresincapsicum)havenow largely replacedC SndC Nor seyawnforcementnpprehendingndividualsn ne-on-one situations.nfortunatelyhowever ,despitealltheir advantagesover th e tear gases,peppersprayshave oteteenwidely se drom tandoff ositionorrowdontrolroounter hostage/barricade situations.T hestatementofworkfor thepepper sprayprojectile identified th e followingcharacterist ics:

apableofbeingfiredfrom anexisting37mm lawenforcementgas gun.bletodelivertheprojectileto00feetessential)or50feet(desirable)withufficientaccuracyto repeatedlyhita3feetx2feettarget,usingonlyasimplesightingsystem,byan operator requiring onlya minimum amountof training.b le to deliver th eprojectile throughaplateglasswindoworhouseholdwindowglasswithascreenor blind,ye t benon-lethalattheminimum operationalrange(5 0feet)inth eabsenceofanyobstacle.apableofdeliveringafineatomizedspray of liquidsufficientto f i l lavolumeof atleast1,000cubicfeetwithinonesecondofpenetratingtheaboveglasstargets,oronstrikingan internalwallor ceilingifentryto th e room ca nbe achieved throughan open door or window.

DeltaDefenseiscontinuingthisworkunderafollow-ongrantfrom th eNationalInstituteofJusticewithth e following additionalconstraints:I.heprojectileshallbedesignedan dchamberedto fireinth e40mm M203an dM 79grenadelaunchers. II.hepepperspraycontaineran ddispersalsystem shouldbeadaptablefo r use in37mm gas guns.JJI. The final product should be readyorroduction after appropriateooling

development. 40mmCartridgesfromNicoPyrotechnik

NicoPyrotechnik,basedoutsideHamburginGermany,ha sbeendevelopingan dfielding40mm non-lethalammunitionfo r manyyears.Nico40mm highan dlo w velocitycartridgesar e inservice use withGermanan dother N ATO an dEuropeanarmies,aswellas withlawenforcementagenciesthroughoutth eworld,ncludingheU S. AllNico0m martridgesomplywithheppropriateN A T O

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STANAGs.N A T Oaneln0m mmmunitiontandardization,hairedynRDEC representative,monitorscartridgeinteroperability inth evariousN A T O 40mm grenadelaunchersan densuresthatall new H Ean dtraining cartridgesar e ballistically matched to th eappropriateU Shighandlo w velocity HEDPcartridges (M430and M433respectively).Thecompanyoffersawiderangeofnon-lethalayloadsinbothhighan dlo wvelocitycartridges,including:

Visible (whitelight)illumination (withparachute)Infrared illumination (withparachute)C SpyrotechnicallydisseminatedC Sor O C (pepper)in dustform ScreeningsmokeSignalingsmoke(colored)Sound & Flash(distraction) Trainingwith t racer Training with impactsignature.Other non-lethalpayloadsar ecurrentlyindevelopmentsuchasprovidingth eabilitytomar kapersonwitha visible or fluorescentdy efo r subsequent identification purposes.Nicohas developedauniquepropulsionsystem fo rbothlo w velocity(40mm x 46)an dhighvelocity (40mm x53) projectiles.hi sdesignprovidesgreater accuracy(reduceddispersiononth etarget)an dmor e predictable performanceparticularlyatextremetemperatures.yanchoringth e projectileto th ehighpressure chamber,projectiles ar e ejectedonlywhenpredeterminedpressuresar e achieved.The Nicopropulsionsystem ispresentonth eDiehlG m b HTraceredHighExplosiveFragmentationGrenade with Self-Destruct Fuze (40mm x53M-DN11HE-PFF-T) thatis abouttoundergotesting byARDEC.talsoformspartof th eNicoPracticeImpactSignaturecartr idgethatiscurrentlybeingconsidered by PM SmallA r m satARDECasacheaper alternative trainingcartridge than th e M918.The following 4 0 mm sound& flash cartridgeshavebeendevelopedfo r non-lethaldefenseapplications.40mm x46 Cartridge.Sound & Flash.ImpactInitiated,fo r M203M79Grenade LaunchersThisimpactinitiatedcartr idgeisdesignedto functionwhenth eprojectilepassesthroughadooror window.hisconsiderablyenhancesth esurpriseeffectandwidensth erangeoverwhichdistractiondevicescan beusedbeyondthatpossiblewithhandthrownstungrenades.T heprojectilefuzehasasafe & arming mechanism thatisfunctioned byprojectile spin.40mm x46 Cartridge.Sound & F la sh1.3 Second Delay.forM203/M79Grenade LaunchersThisfixeddelay1 .3econds) renadeanbeusedsanaerial istractiondevicefo rexampleto disperseor controlriotingcrowds.or thisapplicationthe roundwouldneed to be firedto th esideofth e crowd to avoidcausing injury from falling plastican d aluminum debris from th e projectilebody.

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T he following 40mm C Scartridgeshave beendeveloped fo r non-lethaldefenseapplications.40mm x46Cartridge.Micronized CS Dust.ImpactInitiated or PwotechnicallvGenerated with1.3 Second Delay and15 Second BurnTime.forM203/M79Grenade Launchers Thesecartridgesprovideth euserwithariotcontrolan dsuppressionteargasC Sdevicefiredfrom M203/M79 renadeaunchers.hempactnitiatedCSartridgesompletelymokelessnd containsnopyrotechniccomponents.enetrationofawindow orothersurfacecausesth eprojectileogivetobreakliberatingth eCSustwithoutnyiskoffire.hepyrotechnicallyinitiatedC Scartridgeignitesafteradelayof1 .3econdsan db u msfo rapproximately5econds.tgeneratesmor eC Sthanth edustgrenadebutisbettersuitedto crowddispersaloutdoorswhereth eriskandconsequence ofcausingfiresar e lesssevere.Inaddition,an inertpractice(training)cartridgeha sbeendesignedfo rth eimpactinitiatedC Sust device.hiscanbefilledwithhalkortalctoimulateth eC Sustndliminatesth eneedfo r decontamination oftraining facilities.Allth e above C Scartridges ar esufficientlycompactto fit in th e M203grenade launcher.40mm x53Cartridge. Micronized CS Dust.Impact Initiated.fo rMK19Grenade MachineGun Thiscartridgeprovidesth euserwithariotcontrolandsuppressionteargas CSdevicefiredfrom th e M K 1 9grenade machinegun.he grenadesar eimpactinitiated(smokeless)releasing C Sdust.gainan inertpractice(training)cartridgehasbeendesignedcontainingeitherchalkortalcto simulateth eCSdust.

AerialDistraction andImpactCartr idgesfrom Pr imetakeAerial DistractionCartridges Primetakehas developed arangeof12-gaugebirdscaringcartridgescomprisingabrightflashand loudsound(u pto65dB)orhighpitchedscreech.heyar edesignedtobeentirelyfreefrom F O D(Foreign Obj . Damage) .hisisobviouslycriticallyimportantif theyar eto b eusedclose toaircraftjetengineswhere th eingestionofa foreignobjectcan easilydestroy turb ine bladeswith catastrophicesults.hisharacteristicmeansthat irdscaringartridgesr edealor sesaerialdistractionand confusion roundsfo r firingoverth e headsof c rowdstodisperse them.heycan b efiredfrom standardmilitaryunchokedshotgunsofan ybarre llength.T heblackpowder propulsion chargesfo rthisapplicationhavebeenreplacedbydoublebasedsmokelesspropellantsto complywithstandardU Smilitaryrequi rementsto preventbar relfoulingan densuremoisture resistance. Specificationsfo r th e Primetakerangeof aerialdistractioncartridgesar egivenin th e table. TheStandard RangeCartr idgeproducesasmoketrailduringflightandaloudsound(165dBt2meters)witha brightflashat 30-40 meters .

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The LongRangeCartridgeproducesa trailof incandescentparticlesduringflightan daloudbangat 50-60 meters.T he Extended Range Cartr idgeproduces abright t racer during flight witha loudbangan d brightflashat 80-90meters .The Screech Cartridge producesa high pitched'screech 1 fo r th e durationof its80-100 meters flightbu thas no bang.Finally,th e BlankCartridge has a140dB bang but no projectile.

Primetake12-GaugeAerialDistraction (Bi rdscaring)CartridgesPARTNo. PT1000 PT1001 PT1006 PT1010 PT1002Standard Screech Long Extended BlankRange Cartridge Range Range CartridgeSPECIFICATIONTopCardColour Black Green White Buff White Weight 5g 25g 25g 28g 20g ChamberLength 76mm 76mm 76mm 76mm 67mm NettExplosiveQuantity 6g 4g 6g 7.5g 3gDelayTime 1.3sec N/A 2.3sec 3-4.0sec N/ASoundLevel 165dBat2m N/A 165dBat2m 15SdBat2m 140dBapprox Range45 30-40m 80-100m 50-60m 80-90m N/A PACKAGING Type UNApprovedCardboardOut r CardboardOuterDimensions(mm) 340x220x130 320x220x115QuantityperPack 25perInnerBox;200perOu erBox 250pe rOuterBox Weights Gross(GW)4,8Kg;Nett(NW)4.5Kg; GW 4.0KgNettExplosiveQuantity(NEQ 1.2Kgs(approxi NW 3.8KgShelfLife 2yearsminimumincooldry conditions NEQ0.75kg CLASSIFICATIONUN SerialNumber 0431 0012 Correct TechnicalName ArticlesPyrotechnic Cart.SmallArmsHazardCompatability 1.4G 1.4STransport Commercial CommercialHSE ApprovalCertNo . 72-Z-00361 o1280

ImpactCartridges.... -

Primetake,inconjunctionwithDeltaDefense,isdevelopingarangeof impactprojectiles(40mm an d12-gauge) asednphericalubbe rbagsontainingpowderedmetalsmixedwithowerensitypowders.he metalpowder ca neasily be adjusted to give a range of weightsan d velocitiestoensureaccuracyatallexpectedengagementranges.hisapproachhasth eadvantagethatdeformationofrubbe r bagscontainingmetalpowdersishighlydependentonimpactvelocity being mu chgreater thanthatassociatedwithsolidrubberstingballsorbeanbagsontainingleadhot.hese evicesrethereforelikelyto be lesslethalthansolidrubber ballsor beanbagsatshortrangesbecauseth eimpactenergyisspreadoutover a muchgreater surfaceareaofth ebody.