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سخن آغازین
Cement Industry of Islamic Republic of IRAN
1- What is the cement?Cement is the mixture of calcareous, siliceous, argillaceous & other substances that is used as a binding material in mortar, concrete & etc.Chemical composition of cement is as following:
Manufacturing process of cement is as following:1. Mixing and crushing of raw materials at two different ways: Dry Process or Wet Process2. Cooking3. Grinding
2- Statistics of Cement Industry in World• Total Cement Production of World was 4,422 Million Tons at Year 2015• China Cement Production was 2,470 Million tons and Consumption was 2,426 Million Tons at Year 2015
3- History of Cement Industry in IranHistorical studies indicate that the Iranians as the Greeks and Romans, were able to produce cement that was able to withstand the pressure and also its strength had been maintained in the presence of water.
Authored by Seyed Mohammad AtabakChairman of the Cement Industry Employers Association of Iran
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Studies show that the Greeks learned cooking the lime from Romans and Romans learned it from Iranians. Since the oldest lime mortar discovered in Iran. Even the Chinese knew how to cook lime and about 2000 years ago they used it in building the Towers of the Great Wall of China. But the Iranian cement and lime are very older than these times.
Cement Production of World
The first factory in 1933 at Tehran, with a daily capacity of 100 tons, was built at the south of Tehran, near to the Ray. That factory was equipped by FLSmidth Company.
Time line of the world and Iran’s cement industry development is as following:
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4- Cement Industry at Present Epoch in Iran• Production CapacityIran has 73 Cement Production Factories and its production capacity growth through the last decade as following:
• Accomplished Projects58 Establishing & Expanding Projects to Develop Cement Production Capacity of 33 Million Tons to 80 Million Tons during 2005-2015 Accomplished.
• Cement Production Capacitof Iran at Year 2004 was 33 Million Tons• Accomplished Development Projects in a Decade was 47 Million Tons• Cement Production Capacity of Iran at present time is 80 Million Tons
• Capabilities of Iranian’s cement industryThere are 93 Production line (Kiln) so that 45 Kiln are less than 10 Years old.Iranian’s Cement Industry has Capabilities to produce a wide Variety of Cement Types as following:In Cement Industry of Iran more than 20,000 Direct Working Positions (Jobs) Prepared and there are about 120,000 indirect Jobs.
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•Actual ProductionIran was the 4th Largest Cement Producer in the World in 2014 but Dropped 7th at 2015.Total Production Per Capita of Iran is 889 kg & Total Consumption Per Capita is 650 kg.
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• Domestic ConsumptionIran is the 7th Largest Cement Consumer in the World.Total Consumption Per Capita of Iran is 650 kg & Total Production Per Capita is 889 kg.
5- Statistical Snapshot of Iranian’s Cement Industry at Divided Zones• Attractiveness IndexWe calculate this Index Based on Exporting & Domestic Consuming Capabilities of any Area and Rank them in Ascending Order of 1 to 7.
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6- Actual Export of Iran• The 1st in Exporting of Cement in the World.
7- Target Market of Exported Cement of Iran at Year 2015• Total Export was about 15 Million Tons
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8- Potential Market at Middle East • Consumption per capita of Iran versus Middle East shows that there is a good potential market atMiddle East for cement industry of Iran
9- Roads and Borders of Iran in Order to Develop Exporting to Potentially Target Markets
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10- Iranian’s Cement Exporting Potentially Target Markets•At North Areas
• At South Areas
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11- Iranian’s GDP Growth Rate versus Domestic Cement ConsumptionThe following diagram shows the relation between the Domestic Cement Consumption of Iran and its GDP Growth rate.
12- Strong Points in Iranian’s Cement Industry- Mostly Modern Machinery and Up to Date Technologies
- Good Practices at Production Processes
- Good Quality and Capability to Produce a wide Variety of Products
- Access to the High Seas to Develop Exporting
- Youthful and Expert workers and Specialist Human Resources
- Less power consumption than the others as showed at the following diagram
- Low Electricity & Fuel Costs
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13- Weaknesses of Iranian’s Cement Industry - Transporting System such as Rail Road , Shipping
- Packing and Loading Equipment Specially at Ports to Load on Vessel
- Weakness on International Agreements on Reducing the Customs Duties (Tariff) to Facilitate Exporting
- Reduction of Domestic Consumption in 2013 , 2014 , 2015
- Reducing GDP due to Descending Trend of Oil price that Effect the Domestic Cement Consumption
14- Conclusion• Opportunities to Foreign Investment in Iran
- the international Credit Rating Agency has increased Iran’s credit rating in the repayment of long-term com-mitments from B to B+.
- This agency has changed the overall credit outlook in Iran from “stable” to “positive”.
- The biggest concern of the foreign investor which is the lack of adequate tools for covering the risks of cur-rency fluctuations, has now been almost alleviated with the introduction of Future Exchange Market to the country.
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- By becoming a member of MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency), the Islamic Republic of Iran is now providing the services and protections guaranteed by this agency, to foreign investors.
- The right to transfer profit and capital and the interests thereto related, to foreign currency
- The right to be treated in equal terms with domestic investors
- To have direct access to out-of-the-country accounts where funds acquired from export are kept, and toreceive the interests of these accounts
• The Developed Countries have Opportunities to Invest Such as:
- Investing on Developing of Iranian’s Cement Industry because as formerly Mentioned the Cost Price in Iranis lower than the others.
- Investing On Packing and Shipment Loading Industries to Develop the Exporting of Iranian’s Cement
- Investing On Downstream Industries of Cement.
دعوت به همکاری
ماهنامه علمی تخصصی فن آوری سیمان از عالقمندان به تهیه و چاپ مقاالت علمی، تخصصی
و کاربردی مرتبط دعوت به همکاری می نماید:
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- به منظور بهره گیری بهتر و بیش�تر از پتانس�یل نشر در صنعت سیمان، الزم است مقاالت ارسالی به این نشریه به سایر نشریات مرتبط جهت چاپ ارسال نگردد.
- درصورتی که قصد ترجمه مقاالت تخصصی خارجی را دارید، لطفًا به منظور اجتناب از دوباره کاری با دفتر این نشریه هماهنگ فرمائید.
- ویژگی اصلی و اساسی یک نشریه تخصصی دارا بودن کادری متخصص و کارشناس در حوزه مرتبط
می باش�د. در این راس�تا کارشناس�ان زبده ای در حوزه های مختلف تخصصی مرتبط با صنعت سیمان و
صنای�ع معدنی با این نش�ریه هم�کاری می نمایند که آماده پاس�خگویی به س�واالت مخاطبین محترم و
همکاری های علمی، علی الخصوص در حوزه فعالیت های تحقیقاتی و نگارش مقاالت می باشند.
امید است با همکاری کارشناسان اهل قلم و متخصصین کارآشنای صنعت و محققین توانمند بتوانیم بیش از پیش در زمینه اطالع رسانی تخصصی و دانش افزایی در این صنعت گام برداریم.
