Англійська мова для учнів ПТНЗ теми 1-3 - Всеосвіта · 2018-12-12 · Англійська мова для учнів ПТНЗ, теми 1-3

Науково-методичний центр професійно-технічної освіти та підвищення

кваліфікації інженерно-педагогічних працівників у Хмельницькій області

Державний навчальний заклад «Хмельницький центр ПТО сфери послуг»

Англійська мова для учнів ПТНЗ

теми 1-3

Рівень стандарту

Н.В. Маргошина

м. Хмельницький

2018 р.

2

УБК 377.36-048.78:811.111-057.87(07)

ББК 81.432.1

М 25

Розглянуто і рекомендовано до друку методичною радою ДНЗ

"Хмельницький центр професійно-технічної освіти" протокол №___ від

«___»___________2018р.

Рецензенти: - Ярославська Тетяна Василівна – викладач англійської мови ХПЛЕ;

- Луцюк Ірина Василівна – викладач англійської мови, Вище професійне

училище № 4

Н.В. Маргошина

Англійська мова для учнів ПТНЗ, теми 1-3 / Н.В. Маргошина. – м.

Хмельницький: видавництво, 2018 – 47с.

У посібнику представлені тексти та завдання для опрацювання трьох тем з

англійської мови для учнів ПТНЗ. А саме теми: «Я, моя родина,мої друзі»,

«Спорт і дозвілля» та « Харчування.» Посібник створений на основі концепції

формування учнівської здатності до міжкультурного спілкування, що

передбачає більшу соціокультурну спрямованість процесу навчання англійської

мови, в центрі якого знаходиться особистість учня та його потреби в умовах

сучасного світу, що глобалізується. Для кращого розуміння текстів учням

представлений словник з невідомими для них словами. Та підібрані вправи на

відповідну тему.

Матеріал посібника відповідає навчальній програмі з предмета іноземної

мови визначеної Державним стандартом професійної освіти.

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Передмова Даний посібник з англійської мови призначений для учнів закладів

професійної освіти.

Матеріал посібника відповідає навчальній програмі з предмета іноземної мови

визначеної Державним стандартом професійної освіти.

Упосібнику представленні завдання різного типу:

- На доповнення речення.

- На опрацювання словника.

- Відповісти на запитання.

- Перекласти чи скласти діалог.

- Завдання творчого характеру.

- На заповнення таблиць.

Цей посібник покликаний не тільки допомогти здобути нові знання з

іноземної мови, а й систематизувати вивчене за минулі роки.

У посібнику розглядаються найнеобхідніші для спілкування теми. Перш за

все це сім'я та члени родини, їжа та страви, спорт та дозвілля. Лексичний

матеріал цих тем допоможе при спілкуванні з носіями англійської

мови. Структура навчання за цим посібником включає в себе не тільки

поповнення словникового запасу, а й паралельне вивчення правопису та

правильної вимови. Крім того, окремо виділені вправи, які дозволяють засвоїти

граматику англійської мови. Даний посібник з англійської мови пропонує теми

для обговорення в групі. До таких обговорень варто підготуватися додатково.

Для цього варто звернутися не тільки до підручника, а й до інших англомовних

джерел з визначеної теми, інтернет ресурсів. Вступ чи передмова

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5

Тема 1. Я, моя родина, мої друзі

Unit 1. Me, my family and my friends

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Т1. Я, моя родина, мої друзі

INTRODUCING MYSELF

Let me introduce myself. My name is Anton. My

family name is Tkachuk. I am 15. I am from Ukraine. I

am single.

I'm a first-year student of State education

establishment vocational training center services sector.

My friend Alex and I are studing of a profession baker-

cook. Chemistry is our favorite subject. Besides

chemistry we study many different subjects. We have

lessons and practical classes. My group is large. We are

25. We are good friends.

Many students live in hostel near our

establishment. I live with my family. I am fond of rock

music and tennis.

One of my hobbies is to take pictures of the family

and to compose a family album.

My family is rather large. We are five. My father

and mother are a very nice couple. They are in their

forties. My mother is a teacher of biology and my dad is

a doctor. My mother is a slim attractive woman with long

fair hair and dark blue eyes. My Dad is tail and strong

and handsome. They have three children: my elder sister

Irene, my younger brother Victor and myself. Irene is

twenty. She is not married yet. She is a student, a future

painter. She is a very pretty girl with fair curly hair and a beautiful smile. Irene has

many hobbies: listening to pop music, sewing, knitting, and, of course, bringing up

her younger brothers. Victor is six. He goes to the kindergarten. He looks like his

father. His favorite pastime is playing with his toys, drawing and watching cartoons.

VOCABULARY 1. baker-cook пекар, кухар

2. compose [ kəmˈpəʊz ] компонувати

3. first-year student першокурсник

4. fond of захоплюватись

5. hostel [ ˈhɒs.təl ] гуртожиток

6. kindergarten [ kɪn.dəˌɡɑː.tən] дитячий садок

7. knitting [ ˈnɪtɪŋ ] в’язання

8. sewing [ ˈsəʊɪŋ ] шиття

9. State education establishment

vocational training center

services sector

ДНЗ "Хмельницький центр

професійно-технічної

освіти сфери послуг"

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U1. Me, my family and my friends Ex.1.1. Answer the questions below.

1) What is the boy's name?

2) How old is he

3) What is his favourite subject?

4) Is his group large?

5) Is his friend a student of the industrial pharmacy department?

6) Is Anton single or married?

7) What is Anton's hobby?

8) How many children do Anton's parents have?

9) How old are his parents?

10) What is Irene?

Ex.1.2. Complete the sentences using words from vocabulary. 1) Anton is а ... student.

2) They are students of....

3) His future profession is ….

4) Many students live in ...

5) Anton is ... rock music.

6) Anton likes to ... family album.

7) Victor goes to the …

8) Irene hobbies are listening to pop music, … and ….

Ex.1.3. Complete the sentences using words I, he, she, it, we, you, they. 1) Are ... Mary Lewis? — Yes,... am.

2) ... is from the USA.

3) Are ... Russian? — No,... am from Ukraine.

4) Is your name Pete? — No,... isn't.

5) .... am a dentist.

6) Is Mary at home? — Yes,... is. — Can ... speak to her, please?

7) ...is very pretty

8) ......are business partners.

Ex.1.4. Complete the sentences using verb to be in Present Simple

Tense (am/is/are). My name... Peter. I ...23 years old. I... married. My wife ... called Mary. We ...

very happy. I work at the University. It ... a good job. My friend John ... there with

me. We... computer technicians. John ... very good at this job. I... not bad in it either.

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Т1. Я, моя родина, мої друзі Read and translate the dialogs

A: Good morning! How are you?

В: Fine, thanks. And how are you?

A: I am OK too, thank you.

A: Let me introduce Mr. Grey to you,

Mrs. Baker.

B: With pleasure. How do you do, Mr.

Grey? Glad to meet you.

G: How do you do, Mrs. Baker. Pleased to

know you.

A: Hi, John! How are you getting on?

J: Morning, Alex! I'm very well, thank

you. And what about you?

A: Life is going its usual way. And how

is Helen?

J: She is all right. Sorry, but I must go.

See you later.

A: Goodbye!

Tom, let mc introduce my friend Ivonne

to you.

— How do you do, Ivonne. Nice to meet

you.

— How do you do. It's a pleasure.

— Is Ivonne a Spanish name?

— No, it is not Spanish, it is French. I'm

from Montreal.

— Oh, is it in France?

— No, it isn't in France, it's in Canada,

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U1. Me, my family and my friends

VOCABULARY 1. Привітання і прощання Greetings and Words of Parting

2. доброго ранку/ день/ вечір good morning/ afternoon/ evening

3. (було) приємно

познайомитися nice meeting you

4. до побачення goodbye, bye

5. будьте здорові take care

6. бувайте до завтра see you later see you tomorrow

7. на добраніч good night

Ex.1.5. Match the questions with their answers. 1. What do you do? a. How do you do.

2. How do you do? b. I'm a pharmacist.

3. Where do you come from? c. Fine, thanks. And you?

4. How are you? d. Ukraine.

5. Have a nice time. E . Thanks. You too.

Ex.1.6. Write about yourself. Use vocabulary and useful phrases.

USEFUL PHRASES

With to be & to have

to be careful - бути обережним

to be glad/pleased - бути радим/ задоволеним

to be well/ill - бути здоровим/ хворим

to be sure of smth - бути впевненим у чомусь займатися

to have a class - у чомусь займатися

to have a rest – відпочивати

to be sorry – жалкувати

to be ready for smth – бути готовим до чогось

to be late – спізнюватись

to be mistaken - помилятися

to have a good time - добре проводити час

to have a look - поглянути

to have breakfast (lunch, dinner) - снідати (обідати, вечеряти)

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ABOUT MY FAMILY

I am Bogdan Kovaliov. I am seventeen years old. I want to tell you a few words

about my family. My family is large. I have got a mother, a father, a sister, a brother,

and a grandmother. There are six of us in the family.

First of all, some words about my parents. My mother is a teacher of history.

She works in a college. She likes her profession. She is a good-looking woman with

brown hair. She is forty-five but she looks much younger. She is tall and slim. My

father is a computer programmer. He is very experienced. He is a broad-shouldered,

tall man with fair hair and grey eyes. He is forty-seven. My father often sings and

when we are at home and have some free time, I play the guitar and we sing together.

My father knows all about new TV sets and likes to repair old ones. He is also handy

with many things.

My parents have been married for twenty-six years. They have much in

common, but they have different views on music, books, films and sports. For

example, my father likes horror films and my mother likes "soap operas". My father is

fond of tennis and my mother doesn't go in for sports. But my parents have the same

opinion about my education and upbringing.

My parents are hardworking people. My mother keeps the house and takes care

of all of us. She is very good at cooking and she is clever with her hands. She is very

practical. My father and I try to help her with the housework. I wash the dishes, go

shopping and tidy up our flat.

My grandmother is a pensioner. She lives with us and helps to run the house.

She is fond of knitting.

My sister Helen is twenty-four. She is married and has a family of her own. She

works as an accountant for a joint venture company. Her husband is a scientist. They

have got twins: a daughter and a

son. They go to a nursery school.

My brother Sergey is eleven.

He is a schoolboy. He wants to

become a doctor but he is not sure

yet. Three months ago he dreamed

of being a cosmonaut.

We have got a lot of

relatives. We are deeply attached to

one another and we get on very

well.

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VOCABULARY 1. broad-shouldered [brɔ:d 'ʃəuldəd] широкоплечий

2. even-tempered ['i:v(ə)n 'tempəd] урівноважений

3. experienced [іks 'piəriənst]

досвідчений,

кваліфікований

4. joint venture company [dʒɔɪnt'ventʃə] спільне підприємство

5. she is good at cooking ['kukɪŋ] вона добре готує

6. slim стрункий

7. to be handy with smth. ['hændɪ] уміти робити щось

8. to be in a good mood [mu:d] бути в гарному настрої

9. to get on well

бути в добрих стосунках,

ладнати один з одним

10. to go in for smth займатися чим-небудь

11. to have much in common ['komən] мати багато спільного

12. to run the house вести господарство

13. to take after [teɪk 'aftə]

бути схожим, вдатися в

когось із батьків

14. upbringing ['ʌp,brɪniŋ] виховання

15. view on smth [vju:] погляд на щось

Ex. 1.7. Answer the questions. 1) What is his name? What is his surname?

2) How old is he?

3) Is his family large? How many are his in the family?

4) Have he got any brothers or sisters?

5) What are Bogdan’s parents? Where do they work?

6) How long have his parents been married?

7) Do they have much in common?

8) What is Bogdan’s household duties?

Ex. 1.8. Complete the sentences using words from vocabulary. 1) His father is very … computer programmer.

2) They …… , but they have different views on music, books, films and

sports.

3) My grandmother is a pensioner. She lives with us and helps … .

4) Helen works as an accountant for a … .

5) My parents have the same opinion about my education and … .

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FAMILY RELATIONSHIP

members of the family члени

сім'ї

parents ['pɛər(ə)nts] батьки

father/mother – батько/мати

son/daughter – син/дочка

senior ['sinjə] старший

junior ['dʒu:njə] молодший

ancestors ['ænsɪstəz] предки

grandparents бабуся і дідусь

grandfather (grandpapa,

grandpa, grand-dad) – дідусь

grandmother (grandmamma,

grandma, granny, grannie)

бабуся

great grandfather (-mother)

прадід (прабабуся)

descendants [dɪ'sendənt]

нащадки

grandchild (grandchildren)

Grandson ['grænsʌn] Grand-

daughter ['græn, dɔ:tə] внук,

онук; внучка, онука (онуки)

внук, онук внучка, онука

relatives ['relətɪvz] родичі

cousin ['kʌzn]

двоюрідний(а) брат (сестра)

father (mother)-in-law [lɔ:]

свекор, тесть (свекруха,

теща)

uncle ['ʌŋkl] (aunt, auntie)

[a:nt, a:nti] дядько (тітка,

тітонька)

nephew [ nevju:] (niece) [ni:s]

племінник/племінниця

son (daughter)-in-law [lɔ:]

зять, чоловік дочки (невістка,

дружина сина)

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U1. Me, my family and my friends husband ['liʌzbənd] чоловік

wife [waɪf] дружина

step-father (-mother) вітчим (мачуха)

step-child (step-children)Step-son (-daughter) пасинок, падчерка

Foster-child прийомна дитина

godchild (godson (-daughter)) хрещеник, хрещениця

godfather (-mother) хресний, хресна

bachelor ['bætʃ(ə)lə] холостяк

widow ['wɪdəu] удова

widower ['wɪdəuə] удівець

divorce [dɪ'vɔ:s], to divorce розлучення, розірвання шлюбу; розлучатися

to adopt [ə'dɔpt] усиновляти; удочеряти

orphan ['ɔ:fn] сирота

to descend [dɪ'send] походити

teenager ['ti:n,eɪdʒə] підліток; юнак (дівчина) (до 20 років)

youngster ['jʌŋstə] юнак

baby fbeɪbɪ] немовля

toddler ['tɔdlə] дитина, яка починає ходити

aged ['eɪdʒ(ɪ)d], elderly пристаркувата, літня людина

to be in one's early/late teens [ti:nz] бути в підлітковому віці

Ex. 1.9. Complete the dialog about your family. — I should like, to know about your family. How many members are in your

family?

— …………………………………………………………………………………

— Do you all live together?

— …………………………………………………………………………………

— I wonder who does cooking and takes care about the household chores.

— …………………………………………………………………………………

— What family duties?

— …………………………………………………………………………………

— What is your favorite family holiday? Why?

— ………………………………………………………

Ex.1.10. Make your own family tree. Use words

from vocabulary

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TEENAGE PROBLEMS IN A

FAMILY

Family life isn’t always easy. Today

conflicts between children and their parent

are a classic case of misunderstandings

between different generations: conflicts with

adults are typical in teenagers’ life. Children

and their parents often argue with each other.

I would like to tell you about problems which

can cause conflicts.

One of the problems concerns teenager

fashion. Teenagers and their parents have

different views on the same things.

Nowadays, in most stylish clothes you can’t find anything that looks like normal in

your parents’ mind. On the other hand, your parents don’t find the clothes you wear

stylish.

But you want a little more in what you wear. Meanwhile your parents try to

have control over your life and choices. They don’t like such things as red and blue

hair, and studs and rings in different parts of your body.

Parents will reduce their censorship if they understand that you are not the only

one to prefer such unusual styles. You ask: “Can I have my lower lip pierced?” They

answer: “Do any of your friends have it?”

And what about friends? This is another vital issue. Parents do not want their

child to hang out with a bad crowd. They would like their child to make friends with

honest boys and girls, because teenagers with bad habits can spoil their child’s

character and future.

The same problem concerns relations with the opposite sex. It happens very

often: a guy brings his girl-friend to his house and the parents react in shock with

open mouths.

They think they know what is better for their children because of life

experience.

One more reason for the misunderstanding is that parents try to control nearly

every step of their children; they constantly tell

them what to do and not to do. Very often they

don’t let you stay up late because you have to go

to school on the next day, they don’t let you

watch what you want on TV. On the other hand

they make you do your homework every day, do

the chores and take care of your brothers or

sisters.

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VOCABULARY 1. argue with smb [ ˈɑːɡjuː ] сперечатися з кимось

2. cause [ kɔːz ] викликати

3. censorship [ ˈsen.sə.ʃɪp ] контроль, цензура

4. concern [ kənˈsɜːn ] стосуватися

5. reduce [ rɪˈdjuːs ] скорочувати

6. stud [ stʌd ] шпилька

7. to do the chores [ tʃɔːr ]

виконувати обов’язки по

дому

8. to hang out [ hæŋ ] зв’язуватися

9. to pierce [ pɪəs ] робити пірсинг

10. to spoil [ spɔɪl ] зіпсувати

11. vital issue [ ˈvaɪtl ˈɪʃuː ] насущна проблема

Ex.1.11. Fill in the table.

Successful

parents

It is not

advisable for

adults

Good children

1. Treat their parents in the way they`d like to be treated themselves. 2. Be good

friends to their brothers and sisters. 3. Develop a sense of responsibility in their

children. 4. Spoil their children in every possible way. 5.Never forget to praise their

children. 6.To be interested in parents` problems. 7. Don`t give their children any

freedom of choice. 8.Not to treat all the children in the family equally. 9.Always find

time to spend with their children. 10. Be prepared to compromise. 11.Make children

feel low or ignored. 12.Give promises and break them. 13.Give their children plenty

of love. 14.Develop children`s minds. 15. Lose their temper and shout at their

children. 16. Take part in all sorts activities that can unite their family. 17.Criticise

their children too much. 18.Teach them good manners. 19.Help to do household

chores.

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LET’S TALK ABOUT FRIENDSHIP.

Friendship is a special relationship between people. People need this

relationship because they expect help and comfort from each other. Those who have

friends have less stress and live longer. Friendship is usually based on common

interests and mutual understanding, true encouragement and sympathy.

They say “Friendship isn’t a big thing, it’s a million little things” and I agree.

To me it means that friendship isn't always about one big gesture of help. Instead, true

friendship is about millions of ongoing little actions you do day in and day out, that

show how much you care about and value your friend.

They say: “A person has just one true friend”. I think it’s possible to have more

than one true friend. It’s hard to find a person who will share your whole life. People

can change and their interests change, that’s why we can have more than one true

friend during the life.

What rolе do friends play in your life? You can have a lot of acquaintances,

they come and go, but a true friend

is always there when you need a

shoulder to cry on. Having a good

friend can usually brighten a bad

day and make you smile because

that is what friends are for. If you

feel depressed your friend will hang

out with you to amuse you, to cheer

you up and have a laugh with you.

A good friend will not take offence

at you if you disagree with him.

I have no friends among

adults apart from my parents. I

think that it’s easier to make friends

among your peers.

VOCABULARY 1. mutual [ ˈmjuː.tʃu.əl ] взаємний

2. encouragement [ ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt ] підтримка

3. gesture [ ˈdʒes.tʃər ] жест, вчинок

4. acquaintances [ əˈkweɪn.təns ] знайомства

5. amuse [ əˈmjuːz ] потішати

6. brighten a bad day

осяяти (покращити) поганий

день

7. offence [ əˈfens ] порушення, злочин

8. peers [ pɪər ] однолітки

17

U1. Me, my family and my friends Ex.1.12. Put verbs in correct active tenses. 1) Sandy (read) historic books every day.

2) What Liza (do) now? — Liza (write a letter.

3) Kate (meet) with her friends 10 minutes ago.

4) When Jill (come) to the office tomorrow?

5) Simon (buy a ticket yesterday.

6) Mary (read) the text while Ann (translate) the words.

7) Charlotte (do) her homework while her friend Megan (read) the text.

8) The Ivanovs (go) to the Hermitage last week.

9) The sun (rise) yet, but the sky (get) lighter every minute.

10) Sandy (not go) to the shopping mall yesterday.

11) Sandy (go) to the shopping mall tomorrow.

12) Samuel just (go) out.

13) How long Gretta (drive) a car? — Gretta (drive) for 5 years

14) When Alice (go) to the cinema?— Alice (go) to the cinema last Sunday.

15) Yesterday at this time I (cook) dinner.

16) Bob (look) for his shoes when I came in.

Ex.1.13. Write about your best friend. Use an example below. I have a wide circle of friends who are on the same wavelength. I get on well

with them because I respect their differences. It is fun to be with them all, but my

special friend is _________. I met him/her when I mixed with my friends once after

school. We've become inseparable since our first meeting. I really like him/her and we

get on well. He/she accepts me as I am and doesn't try to change me.

_________ is tall (well-built, pretty, handsome, plump, good-looking, slim) in

his/her teens. _____ has got an oval (round / square) face with shoulder-length (long /

short) hair, greenish-blue (hazel / blue / grey / green) eyes and full lips.

_________ is very responsible and decisive. He/she is determined: once he/she

decides to do something, nothing can stop him/her. On the other hand, ______ tends

to be sometimes bossy and likes telling other people what to do.

________ is an active and energetic person who enjoys cycling and playing

sports games. He/she has an outgoing personality and loves meeting new people.

He/she is also ambitious and works very hard at school to be successful in future. He/

she is intelligent and understands difficult subjects quickly and easily. On the other

hand, he/ she can be sensitive at times and gets upset when something goes wrong.

All in all, ______ is very special to me and I am always there when he / she

needs me.

A real friend is always next tо you, you can always count on his support and

attention. I can rely on my best friend in everything. _________ helps me to see the

truth even if it hurts, he / she keeps my secrets and shares things with me. I know, I

can turn to my friend in trouble and he / she will give me a hand when I can’t cope

with a problem myself.

18

Т1. Я, моя родина, мої друзі HOME READING

7 SIMPLE WAYS TO IMPROVE RELATIONSHIPS

WITH FRIENDS AND FAMILY

1) Keep in touch – Call/txt/email/write/meet more often. These days technology

makes it so easy to keep in touch and yet we still find ourselves drifting apart.

Technology can help you keep in touch but it can never replace being together in

person. When I travelled overseas I emailed home regularly to friends and I was

surprised at how well this managed to maintain those friendships, even over an

extended period of time. This is important with the people you live with as well.

Sometimes you can live in the same house yet not end up spending much time

together. But whilst technology helps in many ways it can also hinder. A txt is no

substitute for a face to face conversation.

2) Quality time – If you haven’t had quality time with someone for a while then

arrange to do so. There are some friendships where you might only catch up once a

month, others a few times a week. Every relationship’s different so figure out who

you’re neglecting and decide how you can correct this. It can help to pick a friend and

think when the last time you had a decent conversation with them was.

3) Remember birthdays & other dates – This is important with friends and

essential with family. Some people say they aren’t fussed whether about people

remembering their birthday but actually everyone appreciates it. How you remember

people’s birthdays varies. Depending on how close you are it might just be a text or a

phone call, or a present. I’m not too hot at remembering dates so I programme them

into my mobile phone. With the really important ones I programme a reminder in a

week ahead of the birthday so I’ve got time to organise a gift. These days with

Facebook, Bebo etc it’s easier than ever to keep track of birthdays.

4) Listen more – The absolute number one way to improve a relationship is to

listen more. And really listen. If you think people aren’t listening to you then chances

are you aren’t listening to them either. Set the wheel in motion and listen to them first.

Really try to see things from their perspective. If you want people to listen to you then

listen to them first.

5) Look for ways to help them or make their lives better – Do a chore they

normally do, give them a lift somewhere, help them carry something.

6) Try not to take them for granted – It’s easy to get a bit too comfortable in

some relationships. We get caught up in other areas of our life and forget about some

friendships then wonder why they aren’t there for us anymore. Friendships need to be

maintained or they will fade away.

7) Open up – Tell them how great they are and how much you love having them

as a friend/partner etc. Be specific, tell them what it is that you love about them and

why that is such a great thing.

19

Тема 2. Спорт і дозвілля

Unit 2. Sport and leisure time

20

Т2. Спорт і дозвілля

MY ATTITUDE TO SPORTS

Let me tell you about my own attitude to sports and

sportsmen.

To begin with I must say that sport is one of the

things that always keep people fit. I think that everyone

must do all he can to be healthy. Physically inactive people

get older earlier than those who have plenty of exercises. If

you do daily exercises regularly, you feel refreshed, have a

good posture and that makes you feel well.

Wise people say that good health is a great blessing.

Everyone should do all possible to stay healthy. Being in good health means having

both body and mind in good working order free from diseases and pain.

There is a truthful Latin proverb: "A sound mind is in a sound body". If you

want to keep yourself fit, you are to go in for sports.

Sport is very popular in our family. Together with my father we do our usual

morning exercises at home and twice a week we have our basketball training in the

sports club and in summer we like to swim most of all, because swimming makes a

man healthy and strong.

I'm a hockey fan, too. I try to watch every hockey

match on TV. Moreover I take part in different sports

competitions which our school organizes from time to

time. The most popular kinds of sport in our school are

football, basketball, gymnastics, and wrestling. Some boys

are also fond of boxing. Among girls callisthenics is very

popular. All these sports have their strong supporters.

My favourite kind of sport is tennis. I have been

playing it since I was eleven years old, and the more I play

it, the more I like it. There is a good tennis court not far

from my house and I often go there with my friends.

VOCABULARY 1. blessing ['blesiŋ] благо; щастя; щасливий дар

2. blessing ['blesiŋ] благо; щастя; щасливий дар

3. callisthenics [,kælis'θenɪks] ритмічна гімнастика

4. competitions [,kɔmpɪ'tɪʃ(ə)n] змагання

5. posture ['pɔstʃə] поза; положення, постава

6. to do daily exercises щодня робити зарядку

7. to feel refreshed [rɪ'freʃt] почувати себе бадьорим

8. to keep fit [kɪ:p fit] бути здоровим, у хорошій формі

9. wrestling ['resliŋ] боротьба

21

U2. Sport and leisure time

Ex. 2.1. Answer the questions. 1) Why should people go in for sports?

2) Is it difficult to choose the kind of spoil you would like to go in for?

3) Why are the lessons of physical training at school so important?

4) What kind of sport are you fond of?

5) Why are you fond of this kind of sport?

Ex. 2.2. Sports Debates

Choose one dialogue and make up it with your partner DIALOGUE 1

Student A believes that sport is HIGHLY important.

Student B thinks that sport is NOT important.

DIALOGUE 2

Student A believes that everybody should do

sports every day.

Student B thinks that some exercise from time to

time is OK.

DIALOGUE 3 Student A believes that watching game is more exiting that

playing it.

Student B thinks that watching sports cannot replace a

good thrilling game.

DIALOGUE 4 Student A believes that golf is the most exiting sport.

Student B considers golf to be the most boring.

DIALOGUE 5

Student A believes that football is very interesting sport.

Student B thinks a 90-minute game of football is the most

boring.

22


Ex. 2.3. Fill in the table using words from sport games chart Winter

sports

Water

sports

Team

sports

Outdoor

sports

Indoor

sports

Sports that are

played with the ball

23


Ex. 2.4. Write about your favorite sport game. Use words from

vocabulary and word chart.

Word chart

badminton racquet ракетка для бадмінтону

baseball bat бейсбольна бита

boxing glove боксерська рукавиця

competition змагання

cricket bat крикетна бита

defeat поразка

draw нічия

fishing rod вудка

fixture пристрій

football м'яч для футболу

football boots бутси

game гра

hockey stick хокейна ключка

ice skates ковзани

league table турнірна таблиця

loser той, що зазнав поразки

loss програш

match матч

opponent суперник

pool cue більярдний кий

result результат

running shoes кросівки

score рахунок

skateboard скейтборд

skis лижі

spectator глядач

squash racquet ракетка для сквошу

tennis racquet тенісна ракетка

to draw зіграти в нічию

to lose програти

to play грати

to watch дивитися

to win перемогти

umpire суддя

victory перемога

win перемога

winner переможець

24


Ex. 2.5. Read the descriptions of the sports and name them. 1) It’s really exciting to rush down a snowy mountain. But be careful – it’s a rather

dangerous activity.

Sport:……………………………………………………………………………………

Necessary equipment …………………………………………………………………..

2) For me this is the most exciting water sport. If you do try it, you’ll find muscles

you never knew you had; and you’ll have a lot of fun.

Sport:……………………………………………………………………………………


3)It’s not certainly a sweated sport, but hitting a ball around the course is really

relaxing and it’s nice to be out in the open air.

Sport:……………………………………………………………………………………


4)It’s a real thrill to go around the track at the highest speed you can imagine, but of

course this sport is for those who like danger.

Sport:……………………………………………………………………………………


5) I started this sport five years ago, and I guess I’m much stronger now; besides I’ve

gained two kilos of pure muscles.

Sport:……………………………………………………………………………………


THE HISTORY OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES Long ago ancient Greeks often waged wars.

Small states suffered and lost much even if they did

not take any side and stayed out of wars. The ruler of

such a small state, Elis, wanted to live in peace with all

neighbours. He was a good diplomat because his

negotiations were successful and Elis was recognized a

neutral state. To celebrate this achievement, he

organized athletic games.

In the beginning this feast lasted one day, but later a whole month was devoted

to it. All wars and feuds were stopped by special heralds who rode in all directions of

Greece. The games were held every four years in Olympia on the territory of Elis. The

first games which later were called the Olympic Games were held about a thousand

years before our era.

Usually the Olympic Games began before the middle of the summer. Best

athletes arrived from many Greek states to Olympia to compete in running, long

jumps, throwing of discus and javelin and wrestling. In the course of time fist fighting

(boxing) and chariot races were also included in the Games.

25


All athletes took an oath that they had been preparing well for the Games and

promised to compete honestly and keep the rules of the sacred Olympics. The athletes

took part in all kinds of competitions. Winners were called «olympionics», they were

awarded olive wreaths and cups of olive oil. This tradition has survived. In our time

sportsmen often get cups and wreaths for winning the first place in sports

competitions.

The olympionics of ancient Greece became very popular. Best craftsmen were

chosen to make honourary cups, many poets wrote and recited in public poems about

the best athletes. Sculptors made their statues which were put up at the birthplace of

the winners.

The Olympic Games were accompanied by arts festivals. Poets recited their

poems, singers sang hymns dancers danced and orators pronounced speeches — all

this in honour of the sacred Games.

Only men could take part in the Olympic Games. Women were not allowed

even to watch the competitions at the stadium under the fear of death penalty. There

was a single exception, when a woman coached her son and accompanied him to the

stadium in men's clothes. That brave woman was spared the penalty because her son

excelled in many events.

Magnificent strong bodies inspired artists and sculptors. They painted wall

pictures and made statues of marble and bronze, so now we can admire the corporal

beauty of ancient and eternally young discus thrower, javelin bearer and others.

The Olympic Games had been held for about eleven hundred years, until the

emperor Theodosius banned them for religious reasons in 394 A. D.

The revival of the Olympic Games began long time afterwards, in 1892, when a

young French teacher Pierre de Coubertin made a public speech before the Union of

French sports clubs in Paris.

At that time many people in many countries practised various kinds of sports

and games. They wanted to make friends and compete with sportsmen from other

lands. Pierre de Coubertin understood the importance of sports

which unified peoples of the world and served the cause of

peace like in ancient time.

On the 23rd of June 1894 the International Congress of

amateur sportsmen made an important decision: to revive the

Olympic Games and to establish the International Olympic

Committee which would be responsible for the administration

of the modern-Olympic Games.

The first Committee consisted of 12 members. Now 82

members of the International Olympic Committee control the

affairs of all member countries which joined the Olympic

movement.

26


VOCABULARY 1. to wage wars [ weɪdʒ wɔːr ] вести війни

2. ruler [ ˈruːlə(r) ] правитель

3. feast [ fiːst ] свято, застілля

4. herald [ ˈher.əld ] гонець, посланник

5. javelin [ ˈdʒæv.lɪn ] спис

6. sacred [ ˈseɪ.krɪd ] священний, недоторканний

7. wreath [ riːθ ] вінок

8. chariot races [ ˈtʃær.i.ət reɪs] перегони на колісницях

9. to be spared the penalty [ speər ðə ˈpen.əl.ti]

бути врятованим від

покарання

Ex. 2.6. Read text about the Olympic Games and answer the questions. 1) What did ancient Greeks do long ago? .

2) Why did the ruler organize athletic games?

3) How long did the first feast last?

4) When did the Olympic Games begin? How were the winners called?

5) What were the Olympic Games accompanied by?

6) Who was not allowed to take part in the Olympic Games?

SPORTS IN UKRAINE, SPORTING NATION When it comes to sport, most Ukrainians are very serious.

Especially when you mention soccer and the Olympic Games.

When driving through the streets of Ukraine you will see many

youngsters playing especially soccer and rugby, most of them

play with the goal to join one of the Ukrainian clubs or teams

one day.

Ukraine has made a big name for itself so far on soccer

levels. In fact, Ukraine’s soccer is so impressive that they have

even been the first soccer team that qualified for the 2006 World

Cup Finals in Germany.

Ukraine usually also does very well at the summer

Olympic Games. At the 2008 summer Olympic games, Ukraine

managed to get a marvelous total of 27 medals. They managed

to get 7 gold medals, 5 silver medals and 15 bronze medals.

For the more adventurous people living in Ukraine their

lies many opportunities waiting on weekends and in free time. Sports and activities

such as diving, snow skiing, mountain climbing, mountain biking, swimming,

trekking and horse riding is becoming more and more popular by the day.

Sports such as football and arm wrestling have been popular in Ukraine since

the 19th century, when strongman Ukrainian wrestler Ivan Piddubny was a real

legend throughout Europe.

27


Legends of the 20th century include such names as pole vault champion Sergey

Bubka (35 world records), and footballers like Oleg Blohin, twice European

Footballer of the Year. Ukrainian gymnasts like Larisa Latynina and Iryna Deryugina

both took a haul of Olympic medals in their time.

Latynina won 9 gold, 5 silver and 4 bronze medals!

Altogether Ukrainian sportsmen have won over 400

Olympic medals so far.

Today Ukraine gives the international sports scene

such names as boxers Vitaly and Vladimir Klichko,

track and field athlete Zhanna Pintusevich, tennis player

Andriy Medvedev, wimmer Yana Klochkova, gymnast

Anna Bezsonova, and footballer Andriy Shevchenko,

who is considered something of a national hero in

Ukraine.

Ex. 2.7. Work in pairs. What do you need to be a winner?

Look through the phrases below. Add to this list your own ideas and

share them with your partner. It is important...

I think one of the most important things is.

• to be confident

• to be at one’s best in all situations

• to be an active participant

• to do morning exercises

• to train hard

Ex. 2.8. Read some information about the most famous Ukrainian

sportsmen and discuss what lead them to success.

ANDRIY SHEVCHENKO

Date of birth: 29 September 1976

(Dvirkivshchyna, Kyivska oblast, Ukrainian SSR).

Andriy Shevchenko is a Ukrainian footballer

who plays for Dynamo Kyiv and the Ukraine

national team as a striker. He is the third-highest

scorer in the history of European club competition

with 63 goals. The most prestigious of Andriy’s

awards were the Golden Ball and the UEFA Cham-

pions League in 2003 with Milan.

28


KLITSCHKO BROTHERS

Dates of birth: Vladimir — 25 March 1976 (Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR),

Vitali — 19 July 1971 (Belovodsk, Kirghiz SSR) in family of Ukrainians.

Vitali Klitschko, older brother, is the current WBC world heavyweight

champion. He has the highest knockout percentage (95%) of any heavyweight boxing

champion in overall fights and has never been knocked out or knocked down in any

professional boxing bout. His younger brother, Vladimir Klitschko, is a Ukrainian

heavyweight boxer.

LILIYA PODKOPAYEVA

Date of birth: 15 August 1978 (Donetsk, Ukrainian SSR).

Liliya Podkopayeva is the 1996 Olympic all-around champion. She is widely

regarded as one of the best gymnasts in history. She is the proud owner of 45 gold, 21

silver and 14 bronze medals.

29


ANNA BESSONOVA

Date of birth: 29 July 1984 (Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR).

Anna Bessonova is the number one rhythmic gymnast

in Ukraine. She won the bronze individual all around medals

at the 2008 Beijing and 2004 Athens Olympics. Over the

course of her career she has won 24 World Championship

medals, 2 Olympic medals, 24 European Championship med-

als and 10 World Cup medals (60 in total).

YANA KLOCHKOVA

Date of birth: 7 August 1982 (Simferopol,

Crimea, Ukrainian SSR). Yana Klochkova is a

Ukrainian swimmer, who has won five Olympic

medals. 4 gold medals came in the 200 meter

individual medley and the 400 meter individual

medley at the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics.

Her silver medal came in the 800 meter freestyle at

the 2000 Summer Olympics.

VASYL VIRASTYUK

Date of birth: 22 April 1974

(Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukrainian

SSR).

Vasyl Virastyuk is a

strongman competitor from

Ukraine. He competed in the

finals of the World’s Strongest

Man contest in 2003 (3rd place)

and 2004 (1st place). As well he

won the 2007 IFSA Strongman

World Championship.

30

Т2. Спорт і дозвілля HOME READING

MORNING EXERCISING When it comes to exercising in the a.m., it’s way easier to be a wimp than a

warrior—which is bad news, considering how an early sweat session may benefit

your body, not to mention your to-do list.

Not only are morning workouts easier to stick to (hey, impromptu happy hours

don't happen before the sun comes up), but science also suggests that working out

early—more specifically, before you’ve had breakfast—may help the body burn fat

more efficiently. That said, actually getting yourself to the gym—or even out of the

house—at the crack of dawn can feel like a one-way ticket to struggle city.

It’s no wonder, really, since your body’s still in snooze mode at that hour,

particularly if it’s not acclimated to doing something right away, says personal trainer

Stacy Berman, founder of Stacy’s Bootcamp in New York City. But that doesn’t

mean you have to give up on all your #riseandgrind aspirations—just opt for a calmer

kind of workout at the beginning.

Start with gentle movements that yield big results—ones that strengthen and

stretch the entire body while getting the blood pumping, but are a bit less intense,

Berman suggests. Consider this workout created (and demonstrated) by personal

trainer Tamara Pridgett below your entry into the morning-person club.

How to use this list: Complete 3 rounds of the following circuit. Perform 10 to 12 reps of

each move in the first set, 12 to 15 reps in the second set, and 15 to 20 reps in the third set.

By the end, you’ll feel stretched, energized, and ready to take on the day.

1. Hollow Body Hold

Lie faceup with arms by sides and legs

extended straight. Engage abs. Lift shoulder blades

and straightened legs off the floor, keeping lower

back pressed into mat throughout the entire exercise

(the closer your legs are to the floor, the more

challenging this is).

2. Single-Leg Glute Bridge Lie faceup with knees bent and feet shoulder-

width apart. Extend left leg straight out then press

into right heel to lift hips straight up off mat. Keep

knees in-line and engage glutes as you lift. Lower

down slowly, creating your own resistance, then

repeat on other side.

http://greatist.com/fitness/whats-best-time-work-out

http://www.stacysbootcamp.com/

https://twitter.com/search?q=%23RiseAndGrind&src=tyah

http://www.tamarapridgett.com/

http://greatist.com/happiness/hey-sleepyhead-how-be-morning-person

31


3. Reverse Oblique Crunch

Start sitting on mat, legs extended out in front of you, hands on mat behind you.

Lean back slightly onto fingertips for balance and lift legs two inches off floor.

Keeping core tight, shift weight onto right hip and twist at the waist to bring bent

knees toward chest. Extend back out (don't drop legs to mat). You should feel this in

your side abs. Twist to the other side and repeat. Continue alternating.

4. Plank With Knee Tap

Start in high plank position, hands directly under shoulders, shoulders in-line

with hips. Engage core to keep torso still, and without shifting weight, draw right

knee to chest and lift left hand to tap right knee, then draw left knee to chest and lift

right hand to tap left knee. Continue alternating as fast as possible without losing

form.

5. Double Leg Lift

32

Т2. Спорт і дозвілля Lie faceup on mat, legs extended up toward ceiling so body forms a 90-degree

angle, arms by sides. Keeping core engaged and lower back pressed to mat, slowly

lower legs down to mat as low as possible (the lower you go the harder it is). Don't let

lower back pop up off mat. Slowly lift legs back to starting position and repeat.

6. Squat Stand with feet just wider than hip width, hips

stacked over knees, knees over ankles. Hinge at hips

then send hips back and bend knees to lower body.

Keep chest lifted and lower to at least 90 degrees. Lift

arms out in front of you for balance if needed. Rise and

repeat. For more details on how to squat.

7. Lateral Lunge With Knee Drive

Start with feet together, arms at your side. Take a big step to left with left foot,

send your hips back, and bend left knee (right leg is straight) as you bring palms

together in front of chest. Keep chest lifted and abs engaged. Press into left foot to

reverse momentum and shift weight onto right leg as you draw left knee to chest.

Return to lunge position and continue to repeat. Then repeat on the other side.

8. Inchworm Push-Up

Stand with feet shoulder-width apart. Hinge at hips to bend over and touch floor with

hands, then walk hands out to high plank position. Keeping elbows close to sides,

bend elbows and lower chest to floor. Push back up, then walk hands back toward

feet. Repeat.

33

Тема 3. Харчування

Unit 3. Food and meals

34

Т3. Харчування

HEALTHY FOOD All food is made up of nutrients which our bodies use. There are different kinds

of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats» vitamins and minerals. Different foods

contain different nutrients.

Before we cut down on fat, sugar and salt, we have to know a bit more about

the kind of food these things might be in. The biggest problem comes when these

things are hidden in other foods: biscuits, crisps, sausages, meat pies, soft drinks and

so on.

The best way is to get into the habit of checking the ingredients and nutritional

value on the sides of packets although this isn't always easy to do. Another thing to

know is, for example, that we do need fat to live, it's an essential part of our diet and

physically we couldn't exist without it.

But we all know that to eat much fat is bad for our health. The matter is that

there are different kinds of fat. There are fats that are good for us and fats that are bad

for us. Eating less of the bad ones and more of the good ones can actually help us to

live longer! Bad fats are the saturated fats, found in animal productions, like red meat,

butter and cheese.

Friendly fats are the unprocessed fats found naturally in foods like nuts and

seeds, olives, avocados and oily fish, including tuna.

One more thing to know is that when food is cooked, its structure changes. It

can change the vitamin and nutrient contents of food.

More and more people feel strongly about the way, their food is produced.

Nowadays so much of the basic food we eat — meat, fish, fruit and vegetables — is

grown using chemicals and additives.

Although fertilizers and pesticides have greatly increased the quantity of food

and helped to improve its appearance,

there is a growing concern about the

effects of these chemicals in the food

chain. This concern has led to a

growth in the demand for organically

grown products.

Finally, there are three main

messages to follow for healthy eating:

First, we should eat less fat,

particularly saturated fat.

Secondly, we are to cut down on

sugar and salt.

Thirdly, we must eat more fresh fruit

and vegetables.

35

U3. Food and meals

Ex. 3.1. Read text Healthy Food and

answer the questions. 1) What nutrients do you know?

2) What are the main things to know

about food we eat?

3) What fats are good?

4) What fats are dangerous for our

health?

5) What are the main factors that

determine the food we eat?

6) What are three main messages to

follow for healthy eating?

Ex. 3.2. Read the article and choose

the best answer (a-c). Some foods have a lot of proteins,

vitamins and fibre. These foods are healthy

and you should eat a lot of them. Other

foods have a lot of sugar and fat. You

shouldn’t eat to much of them. Eat more

fruit and vegetables. They have a lot of

vitamins, minerals and fibre. Fruit have all

the sugar your body needs. Too much salt

is as bad for your health as too much sugar.

Don’t add salt when you are cooking or

eating. Add lemon juice or spices instead.

Eat fewer chips and salted nuts. We don’t

need a lot of fat, so choose low-fat

products if possible. Grilled food is much

healthier than fried. There’s less fat in it.

Another important piece of advice is to eat

regularly and drink five or six glasses of

water every day. Enjoy your meals!

1 What foods are healthy?

a) Foods that have a lot of sugar and fat.

b) Foods that have a lot of proteins, vitamins and fibre.

c) Foods that have a lot of salt.

Words chart

nutrient - живильна речовина

carbohydrate — dуглевод

protein — білок, протеїн

fat — жир

to contain — містити

to cut down on — зменшити прийом

crisp — ламкий, тендітний

to get into the habit of - взяти за

звичку

essential — істотний, життєво

важливий

saturated fat — жири з високим

змістом насичених жирних кислот

unprocessed fat — неопрацьовані

жири

seed — насіння, насіннячко

additive - добавка

fertilizer — добриво

pesticide — пестицид, ядохімікат

concern — інтерес, участь,

зацікавлення, відношення

food chain - харчовий ланцюг

demand - потреба

to cause — бути причиною,

викликати

cancer — рак (онкологія)

income — прибуток; заробіток

lack — недолік, нестаток;

відсутність чого-небудь.

36


2 What should we eat more?

a) We should eat more fruit and vegetables.

b) We should eat more chips and salted nuts.

c) We should eat more fried food.

3 What food has all the sugar our body needs?

a) Fat has all the sugar your body needs.

b) Grilled food have all the sugar your body needs.

c) Fruit have all the sugar your body needs.

4 What can we add to the dishes instead of salt?

a) We can add mustard.

b) We can add garlic.

c) We can add lemon juice or spices.

5 What do we need to eat less?

a) We need to eat fewer chips and salted nuts.

b) We need to eat fewer fruit and vegetables.

c) We need to eat fewer fish and meat.

6 What don’t we need to eat if possible?

a) We don’t need to eat a lot of minerals.

b) We don’t need to eat a lot of vitamins.

c) We don’t need to eat a lot of fat.

7 What food is much healthier than fried?

a) Roasted food is much healthier than fried.

b) Grilled food is much healthier than fried.

c) Raw food is much healthier than fried.

8 What important piece of advice this text gives?

a) To eat regularly and drink five or six glasses of water every day.

b) To eat not later than at 6 o’clock.

c) To eat only two times a day.

37

U3. Food and meals

Ex. 3.3. Translate into Ukrainian

Ex. 3.4. Look at the food pyramid. Discuss it with your partner. Do

you use such food pyramid in your daily menu?

38


Ex. 3.5. Read an example of daily menu and create your own healthy

daily menu.

EXAMPLE

Breakfast - Egg White Omelet Egg white omelet stuffed with 1 cup of assorted

grilled vegetables, such as onions, bell peppers,

mushrooms, and broccoli, and a dollop of nonfat ricotta

cheese.

Lunch – Salad and

Turkey Sandwich

Sandwich of fresh roasted turkey breast (3½ to 4

ounces) with 2 slices of low-sodium, whole-grain

bread with assorted veggies, like baby greens and

sliced tomatoes. Smear the bread with 1 tablespoon of

low-sodium stone-ground mustard.

Dinner Veggie Burger and Steamed Fresh Vegetables

Keep stocked in your refrigerator or freezer a box of

veggie burgers (look for low-sodium varieties). Veggie

burgers are a much better choice for your waistline and

heart than ground meat. Veggie patties have only about

half the calories of regular red meat patties, and zero heart-

hurting saturated fat. Plus, they’re so easy to cook – just

one or two minutes in the microwave. While toasting your

whole-wheat bun, take from your pantry a jar of roasted

red bell peppers and top your veggie patty with a couple of

luscious slices. Smear your bun with a little low-sodium

Dijon mustard.

BREAKFAST LUNCH DINNER

39

U3. Food and meals

Ex. 3.6. Look at the list of products and translate.

chips

eggs

sweets

seafood

cake

fruits

ice-cream

vegetables

chocolate

hamburger

nuts

porridge

sausages

40


Use products to fill in the table.

Healthy food Unhealthy food

Read some interesting facts about this products:

Chocolate, sweets, ice-cream are unhealthy food because it contains a lots of

sugar. And much sugar is bad for our health.

Eggs, nuts, milk are healthy food because they have proteins and vitamins and

give us a lot of energy.

Fruit and vegetables are healthy food because they contain a lot of vitamins.

They are good for our health.

Chips and hamburger are unhealthy food because they are fast food and high-

fat products.

Porridge is a healthy food because it contains vitamin B1.

Fish is healthy food because it contains fat that is useful for us.

Cola is unhealthy food because it have a lot of sugar and spoils our teeth.

Ex. 3.7. Put the words in the correct columns and fill in the table:

Fruit Vegetables Drink Meal

Ex. 3.8. Put the words in the right order to make sentence. 1) eat, in the morning, porridge, I

2) She, milk, with, coffee, drink, does not

3) hamburgers, They, with, like, cheese, do not

4) We, eat, for breakfast, salad, fish, or

5) for supper, would, I, orange, like, juice

6) does not, Lizzy, mineral, drink, water

butter, chicken, meat, sausage, soup, egg, tomato, potato, cheese, cucumber,

salad, orange, banana, lemon, apple, omelet, porridge, cutlet, milk, radish, juice,

onion, coffee, mineral water

41

U3. Food and meals

MEALS AT THE RESTAURANT

Choosing a meal can be a problem sometimes because many dishes may have

unknown foreign names. Don't guess - ask the waiter to help you.

Don’t let a number of knives confuse you. It’s simple enough – use them in the

order they are laid; the 'place settings' picture will help you.

Place Settings: 1 - napkin

2 - plate

3 - bread and butter plate

4 - water glass

5 – red wine glass

6 - white wine glass

7 - cup and saucer

8 – fork and knife for main meal

9 – fork for salad

10 – spoon for soup

11 – fork and spoon for dessert

12 – tea spoon

Interesting facts You can have a “dialog” with a waiter without words.

Put your fork and knife in position to show what you mean

pause in meal next meal it was tasty end of meal didn’t like the meal

42


UKRAINIAN CUISINE The peculiar features of traditional Ukrainian food have been forming over

centuries. The neighboring countries, climate conditions, rich soil and hard-working

locals have influenced the complexity of the dishes.

Borscht with garlic fritters

Ukrainian dishes often use a

number of ingredients. Borscht is a

direct proof of this. Initially, this dish

was made of 30 ingredients but, of

course, over time that number has

decreased. However, the technique

remains unchanged. Beef is placed in

cold water to make a meat broth.

Then the meat is taken out and other

ingredients are added and cooked in a

closed saucepan. Garlic fritters are

given instead of bread and called

pampushki by locals. Traditionally, every Ukrainian girl learns how to cook borscht

before getting married.

Vareniki Vareniki is a kind of dumpling.

It is made of dough, but the filling

depends on the imagination and taste

preferences of the chef and their

guests. Cabbages, meat, mushrooms,

cottage cheese, cherries, currant or

potatoes are the most typical fillings.

Savory or sweet, vareniki turns out to be

succulent. Ukrainians put sour cream almost in

every dish, and these dumplings often get the

same treatment. Begin your meal with one of

these—you won’t regret it.

43

U3. Food and meals

Potato pancakes

Deruny, or potato pancakes, are a perfect

course for breakfast or dinner. They are

usually freshly fried or baked. If you want to

make a good batch of deruny, first off, you

should make sure the potatoes are finely

grated. Then, to diversify the flavor, add

meat, slices of chopped onions, mushrooms,

fresh herbs or a variety of spices.

Alternatively, you could just keep it simple:

potatoes and a pinch of salt.

Salo It has already become a source of

humor: Ukrainians love salo. This well-

established symbol of hospitality and

wealth is usually served as an appetizer—

but sometimes a fully fledged dish. Pork

fat is reportedly a source of vitamin D and

A, both of which foster brain activity,

digestion and detoxification. Put it on rye

bread with spices or greens and have

yourself a surprisingly healthy snack.

Banush Western Ukraine has a number of

unique recipes that are not as common in

the central or eastern parts of the country.

One of them is a legendary dish called

banush. Decades ago, banush was a dish

associated with poverty, but now this

staple food is served in the best restaurants

across the Carpathians. It is made of corn

grits, fried pork fat and cheese, and is

traditionally cooked over a fire in order to

get it well smoked. Mushrooms are also often added to the porridge, to make the taste

even richer.

Ex. 3.9. Read the text Ukrainian cuisine and answer the questions. 1. What is Ukrainian cuisine famous for?

2. What is the most popular Ukrainian dish ?

3. What are the other popular Ukrainian dishes?

4. What products do Ukrainians like ?

5. What is your favourite Ukrainian dish ?

6. What Ukrainian dishes do you like to cook?

https://theculturetrip.com/europe/ukraine/articles/the-10-best-brunch-and-breakfast-spots-in-odessa/

44


ENGLISH MEALS The English proverb says: every cook praises his own broth. One can not say

English cookery is bad, but there is not a lot of variety in it in comparison with

European cuisine. The English are very particular about their meals. The usual meals

in England are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.

Breakfast time is between seven

and nine a.m. A traditional English

breakfast is a very big meal. It consists

of juice, porridge, a rasher or two of

bacon and eggs, toast, butter, jam or

marmalade, tea or coffee. Marmalade is

made from oranges and jam is made

from other fruit. Many people like to

begin with porridge with milk or cream

and sugar, but no good Scotsman ever puts sugar on it, because Scotland is the home

of porridge. For a change you can have sausages, tomatoes, mushrooms, cold ham or

perhaps fish.

But nowadays in spite of the fact that the English strictly keep to their meals

many people just have cereal with milk and sugar or toast with jam or honey.

The two substantial meals of the day are lunch and dinner. Lunch is usually

taken at one o'clock. For many people lunch is a quick meal. Office workers usually

go to a cafe at this time. They take fish, poultry or cold meat (beef, mutton, veal and

ham), boiled or fried potatoes and all sorts of salad. They may have a mutton chop or

steak and chips, followed by biscuits and a cup of coffee. Some people like a glass of

light beer with lunch. Pubs also serve good, cheap food. School children can have a

hot meal at school. Some of them just bring a snack from home.

Tea is very popular among

the English; it may almost be

called their national drink. Tea is

welcome in the morning, in the

afternoon and in the evening. The

English like it strong and fresh

made. The English put one tea-

spoonful of tea for each person.

Tea means two things. It is a drink

and a meal. Some people have

afternoon tea, so called «high tea»

with sandwiches, tomatoes and

salad, a tin of apricots, pears or pineapples and cakes, and, of course a cup of tea. That

is what they call good tea. It is a substantial meal.

45

U3. Food and meals

Cream teas are also popular. Many visitors, who come to Britain, find English

instant coffee disgusting. Dinner time is generally between six and eight p.m. The

evening meal is the biggest and the main meal of the day. Very often the whole family

eats together. They begin with soup, followed by fish, roast chicken, potatoes and

vegetables, fruit and coffee.

On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch consisting of roast chicken,

lamb or beef with salads, vegetables and gravy.

The British enjoy tasting delicious food from other countries, for example,

French, Italian, Indian and Chinese food. Modern people are so busy that they do not

have a lot of time for cooking themselves. So, the British buy the food at the

restaurant and bring it home already prepared to eat. So we can conclude that take-

away meals are rather popular among the population. Eating has become rather

international in Britain lately.

VOCABULARY 1. beef [ biːf ] яловичина

2. cereal [ ˈsɪə.ri.əl ] крупа, крупяний продукт

3. cuisine [ kwɪˈziːn ] кухня, стіл

4. delicious [ dɪˈlɪʃ.əs ]

чудовий, чарівний; дуже

смачний

5. disgusting [ dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ ] огидний, поганий, противний

6. Every cook praises his

own broth

кожний кухар хвалить свій

власний бульйон

7. gravy [ ˈɡreɪ.vi ] підлива (із соку печені), соус

8. ham [ hæm ] шинка, окорок

9. in spite of [ spaɪt ] незважаючи на

10. instant coffee [ ˈɪn.stənt ˈkɒfi ] розчинний кава

11. lamb [ læm ] м'ясо молодого баранчика

12. mutton [ ˈmʌt.ən ] баранина

13. particular [ pəˈtɪkjələ(r) ] обід, ланч

14. poultry [ ˈpəʊl.tri ] домашня птиця

15. proverb [ ˈprɒv.ɜːb ] прислів'я, приказка

16. rasher [ ˈræʃ.ər ]

тонкий клаптик бекону (для

поджарювання)

17. roast [ rəʊst ] печеня; смажений

18. strictly [ ˈstrɪktli ] пильно, уважно

19. substantial [ səbˈstænʃl ] живильний

20. veal [ viːl ] телятина

46

Т3. Харчування HOME READING

MY FAVORITE RESTAURANT I enjoy eating out. I often have dinner in a good

restaurant or café with my friends or my family. I’ve got

a couple of favorite places for eating out. One of them is

“Tokyo”. It’s a restaurant which offers excellent

Japanese cuisine.

The prices aren’t quite low there, the average

dinner is about 20-30 dollars for each person. But I

prefer high quality and nice service, that’s why I go to

“Tokyo“ once or twice a month.

The menu can fit any taste. There is a large

selection of vegetarian dishes and special dishes for

children which include chicken, steak and pasta

meals. There are also a lot of fantastic desserts to

choose from. For a starter I normally have some

seafood salad, and for the main course it is usually

grilled salmon served with wild mushrooms and

seasonal vegetables. Sometimes my meal is

accompanied by a glass of dry wine. The favorite

part of my dinner is the dessert. I am sure that

“Tokyo” makes the best chocolate pudding I have ever tasted. So I always order this

with a cup of black coffee.

We can have much fun

in this restaurant because the

food is cooked just in front of

us and served by the chefs. We

sit around the table for eight

people. Our chef brings all

ingredients to the table and

starts a theatrical performance

of preparing the food. The chef

chops and grills meat, fish and

vegetables. Then he serves our

freshly cooked, juicy and

steaming hot food. Both adults and children enjoy the show.

I really love my evening meals at “Tokyo” restaurant. It offers outstanding

food, great service and unforgettable entertainment.

Ex. 3.10. Write about your favorite restaurant or café.

What is your favorite meal there?

47

ЗМІСТ 1. Передмова…………………………………3

2. Тема 1 « Я,моя родина,мої друзі.»……….4-17

3. Тема 2 «Спорт і дозвілля.»………………18-31

4. Тема 3 « Харчування.»…………………...32-45

48

СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ:

1. Anderson M.W. English As a Second Language - Learning English As a

Second Language

2. А.Б. Коганов. Сучасна англійська мова: Розмовні теми (лексика, тексти,

діалоги, вправи). – К.: А.С.К., 2000. Кн.1.

3. А.Б. Коганов. Сучасна англійська мова: Розмовні теми (лексика, тексти,

діалоги, вправи). – К.: А.С.К., 2000. Кн.2.

4. В.К. Шпак, Англійська мова для повсякденного спілкування.-К.: Вища

шк., 2000.

5. Електронний ресурс https://en.islcollective.com/

6. Електронний ресурс. http://www.eslgamesplus.com/

7. Електронний ресурс. https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org

8. Н.А.Лапоногова, Т.І.Саєнко. Українсько-англійський розмовник.-К.,1994.

9. Н.В. Пестрякова. 151 розмовна тема з англійської мови.–Х.: Торсінг, 2000.

10. Н.В. Тучина, Т.К. Меркулова, В.С. Кузьміна. Speak English with Pleasure. –

Х.: Торсінг, 2001.

https://en.islcollective.com/

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Англійська мова для учнів ПТНЗ теми 1-3 - Всеосвіта · 2018-12-12 · Англійська мова для учнів ПТНЗ, теми 1-3