AutoMicrobic System(AMS)30 — AutoMicrobic System (AMS) 30

207 903-0215
AutoMicrobic System ( AMS )
“VITEK” 30

The Hazelwood site (Remes says) was a spinoff from the
space program. McDonnell Douglas was working in this
space technology and eventually created Viteka research
project that was part of the NASA space program.
BioMérieux bought Vitek in 1988.
“This technology was originally intended for use in space
for two different reasons. Oneit was for astronauts to
diagnose themselvesspecifically for urinary tract infections and secondlyit was also intended to be used to study the
growth of bacteria in space” (Remes says).
(St. Louis Business Journal)
( St. Louis ) ( ) McDonnell
Douglas F -15 Eagle F -18 HornetTomahawk AutoMicrobic System ( AMS ) McDonnell Douglas ( ) McDonnell Douglas NASA “” 40 ( ) ( 30 McDonnell Douglas ) 1986 1
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( 1 ) 35 37
( )

MS-2 Sy broth (910) (R) 8 (I)
( ) ( ) ( ) Technicon Automated
Susceptibility System Autobac II ( off - line
) Abbott MS -2/Avantage AMS on - line
stem
5 (S) 4
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( 2 ) Rate Assay
“rate assay” ( )
“endpoint assay” 1960 LKB Reaction Rate Analyzer “” endpoint assay endpoint assay ( dx/dt ) ( )

rate assa
1 10 20 ( 1 ) 1 10 20 × 4 10 1 30 200 × ( 30 40 ) ×
y ( 1) )
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( 3 ) ( phenotype )
API
( ) ( API Enterobacter
sakazakii ) ( triple sugar ironTSIsulfide-indole-motility agarSIM
) ( numerical
identification ) API (

(numerical identificati
) ( taxon )
( 1990.199.90 100 ) ( ) 3 1 7 ( 7654 3210 ) ( 30 10 ) rate assay
on) ( 2) )
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53 ( 1978 ) 1

NEC ( 1951 ) ( AMCO )

)MS -2 System ( )AMS ( ) “” MS -2 System AMS
2 ( ) “” ( TDM ) ( 1 )
S)
( 2 ) ( 3 ) 0 ( ) “”
( ) “”
1970 MS - 2 McDonnell Douglas AMS Mr. George Fukui ( )McDonnell Douglas Mr. Fortune ( ) Tomahawk “”“” ( ( ) )
“ ”


( )
General Meeting Vitek YBC ( oral presentation ) YBC Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( ) 400
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Candida
( )
( 1 )
Members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae : a
collaborative Study with Blindly Assigned Reference
Strains. J Clin Microbiol. 20 : 1135-1139, 1984.

MS-2 System 5 ( ) 44 6 15
MS - 2 System ( taxon )
( bioprofile phenotyping ) ( )
(bioprofile) bioprofile ( 3) )
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( 2 )
AMS

2 % ( 4) )
A B C 2 “C” ( ) 25 2008
AutoMicrobic System (AMS) - EBC+ A + B = C
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( 3 )


( VIDAS)
Clostridium difficile toxin A C.D. D-1
( ) toxin A HEp-2 C. difficile “toxin A toxin B ” 21 2007 TOX A/B QUIK
CHEK NISSUI ( )
VIDAS 20 14C Bactec 460 TB System (Becton Dickinson )
0
“gold standard”“TAT ( turnaround time ) ” ( pH ) ( ) bioMérieux BacT/ALERT non-radiometric ( MB/BacT )
Middlebrook 7H9 broth “” N-acetyl-L-cysteine-NaOH ( NALC-NaOH )
(1) on-line (2) 24 365 (3) (non-invasive) …
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radiometric Bactec non-radiometric Middlebrook 7H9 broth Radiometric Bactec 460 (Becton Dickinson ) broth
( ) 10Middlebrook “” “” NALC-NaOH semi-alkaline protease
2

(M. tuberculos mycobacteria) ( 9) )
( TAT ) 3 ( ) Middlebrook 7H9 broth ( yield ) ( nontuberculous mycobacteria: NTM ) ( ) ( ) NaOH ( pH ) “”
is complex) (nontuberculous
4
2 bioMérieux ssDNA rep - PCR DiversiLab System ( 24 ) ( ) pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
( PFGE ) gold standard

(a)
(b)
ab System (a) (b)
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Medical Officer ( ) ( ) Harvest Seed

30 Vitek
) .
) . . .
1994 ; 22 ( 9 ) : 695-700.
) Yamane N et al. Reproducibility of the MS-2 System for
Identification of Members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae :
a Collaborative Study with Blindly Assigned Reference Strains.
J Clin Microbio. 1984 ; 20 ( 6 ) : 1135-1139.
) , . AMS EBC
. .

) . Vitek Immuno Diagnostic Assay Sytem ( VIDAS )
Clostridium difficile Toxin A . .
1993 ; 20 ( 6 ) : 1045-1049.
Toxin A Toxin B , TOX A B QUIK
CHEK . JARMAM. 2007 ;
18 ( 2 ) : 109-116.
, BacT Alert 1
. . 1994 ; 19 ( 2 ) :
130-136.
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine-NaOH ( NALC-NaOH )
10 ) . Middlebrook 7H-10
. . 1986 ; 34 ( 7 ) :
855-860.

Automation in Clinical Microbiology - History of 30 years Passed since Introduction
of AutoMicrobic System (ASM) in Japan -
Nobuhisa YAMANE Department of Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus,
207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami-Okinawa 903-0215
Key Words Automated Microbiology Systems, AutoMicrobic System (AMS), Species-identification,
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test