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European Economic and Trade Office歐洲經貿辦事處

European Economic and Trade Office歐洲經貿辦事處

1

Contents內容1 Trade relations　3

1.1 Trade in goods .....................................................................................................3

1.2 Trade in services ..................................................................................................4

1.3 Rankings: imports, exports and overall trade volume ...........................................5

1.4 Comparison of EU-Taiwan trade with other main trading partners ........................6

1.5 Taiwan's trade with EU Member States ................................................................9

2 Investment �ows and stocks　142.1 The EU's FDI in Taiwan: effects of the global financial crisis ................................14

2.2 Taiwan's FDI in the EU: unrealised potential .......................................................15

3 European presence in Taiwan & people-to-people exchanges　153.1. Europeans in Taiwan .........................................................................................16

3.2 Taiwanese visitors to the EU ...............................................................................16

3.3 Taiwanese students in the EU ............................................................................17

1 貿易關係　201.1貨品貿易 ............................................................................................................20

1.2服務貿易 ............................................................................................................21

1.3排名：進口、出口及總體貿易量 ........................................................................22

1.4歐台貿易與其他主要貿易夥伴的比較 ................................................................24

1.5台灣和歐盟會員國貿易狀況 ...............................................................................27

2 投資量及累積投資　312.1歐盟對台灣的直接投資：全球金融危機的影響 ..................................................31

2.2台灣對歐盟的直接投資：尚未利用的潛力 .........................................................32

3 歐洲在台概況及民間交流　333.1歐洲人在台灣 ....................................................................................................33

3.2造訪歐盟的台灣人 .............................................................................................33

3.3在歐盟的台籍學生 .............................................................................................34

1Overview

19概 況

2

The structure of trade in goods shows that the EU is an important industrial partner for Taiwan. The bulk of imports from Taiwan is office/telecommunication equipment, while the EU's biggest export items are machinery equipment and chemicals.

Trade in services declined from € 6.6 bn in 2008 to € 5.7 bn in 2009 and is now equivalent to almost 18 % of the overall trade in goods, showing a € 1 bn surplus for the EU.

According to Taiwan's figures for 2010, the EU holds 31.5 % of all foreign direct investment flows into Taiwan, making it the biggest foreign investor in Taiwan. EU investment in Taiwan amounted to more than US$ 1.2 bn in 2010, ahead of the US and Japan.

Taiwan is the EU's 14th biggest trading partner, having moved

up five places on the previous year.

Overall EU-Taiwan trade growth is at its highest level in

a decade.

EU exports have increased substantially and at € 14.76

billion have reached the highest level in the past 10 years.

EU remains the biggest investor in Taiwan, with about ¼ of

total foreign direct investment stock in Taiwan, and almost 1/3

of new FDI in 2010 .

Bilateral EU-Taiwan trade has fully recovered from the global

economic downturn. Taiwan has made up some ground

among Europe's trading partners, ranking 14th in 2010

compared with 19th in 2009.

Trade in services in 2009 registered a decrease of 12% in both exports and imports

showing the effect of the global economic situation in 2009.

Overview

3

1.1 Trade in goods The revival in overall trade volume reflects the fact that, with the recovery from the global financial crisis underway, GDP growth rates in the EU area and Taiwan were positive and considerably higher in 2010 than in previous years (1.8 % in the EU and 10.8 % in Taiwan).

In 2010 the trade in euros between the EU and Taiwan grew by 39.3 %. EU exports to Taiwan went up by 47.2 %, whereas imports into the EU increased by 34.9 %. Despite the higher growth of EU exports, the nominally smaller growth in EU exports meant that the EU trade deficit increased to € 9.3bn from € 7.8 bn of the previous year.

Figure 1. Trade in goods between the EU and Taiwan in € bn.

05

10152025303540

Euro Bn.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

EU imports from TaiwanEU exports to Taiwan

Source : Eurostat

In 2008-2009 the economic crisis profoundly affected EU-Taiwan trade. Nonetheless, the 39.3 % growth figure for 2010 displays a strong recovery with the overall trade volume above the pre-crisis figure of € 35.7 bn in 2008.

EU-Taiwan trade in goods expanded by 39.3% in 2010.

EU exports to Taiwan fully recovered and were up by 47.2

% in 2010, while global EU exports increased by only 12.3 %

There are discrepancies between Eurostat’s trade

statistics and Taiwan customs statistics, partly due to

variations in exchange rates as well as shipments through

Hong Kong.

1　Trade relations

4

Table 1 Trade in goods between the EU and Taiwan in € bn.

EU-Taiwan trade in services shows a 12% decrease in 2009.

EU's positive balance in services stayed at € 1 bn.

1.2 Trade in servicesGiven the state of the world economy and the drop in the level of goods and services traded globally, it is remarkable that trade in services in 2009 between the EU and Taiwan only decreased to a relatively small extent from € 6.6 bn in 2008 to € 5.8 bn in 2009 (the compilation and publication of statistics usually lag one year behind). The EU's exports of services to Taiwan as well as Taiwan's exports to the EU suffered as the EU's exports decreased from € 3.8 bn to € 3.4 bn, and Taiwan's exports went from € 2.8 bn to € 2.4 bn.

The EU retained its surplus of € 1 bn in the services trade, similarly to the previous year. However, even with the current surplus, the amount is still far from sufficient to compensate for the deficit of 9.3 bn euros seen in the goods trade.

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

EU exports to Taiwan 12.0 15.1 13.4 11.9 11.0 12.9 13.1 13.2 13.3 11.6 10.0 14.8

Annual growth rate (%) +25.8 -11.3 -11.2 -7.6 +16.8 +1.3 +1.3 +0.8 -12.9 -13.4 47.2

EU imports from Taiwan 21.3 28.3 26.0 23.2 22.6 23.9 24.1 26.7 26.1 24.1 17.5 24.1

Annual growth rate (%) +32.9 -8.1 -10.8 -3.4 +5.7 +0.9 +10.7 -2.2 -7.5 -27.3 34.9

Total 33.3 43.4 39.4 35.1 33.7 36.8 37.2 39.9 39.4 35.7 27.5 38.9

Annual growth rate (%) +30.3 -9.2 -10.9 -5.1 +9.2 +1.1 +7.3 -1.3 -9.4 -22.9 41.5

Balance for the EU -9.3 -13.2 -12.5 -11.3 -11.6 -11.0 -11.0 -13.5 -12.8 -12.4 -7.5 -9.3

Source : Eurostat

5

Table 2 Trade in services between the EU and Taiwan in billion euros

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

EU exports to Taiwan 2.0 2.0 2.4 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.4

EU imports from Taiwan 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 3.0 2.8 2.4

Total 3.8 3.8 4.5 5.3 5.2 5.2 6.7 6.6 5.8

Balance for the EU 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.0

Source : Eurostat

Figure 2 Trade in services between the EU and Taiwan

1.3 Rankings: imports, exports and overall trade volume.After a significant drop from 13th to 21st place in 2009, Taiwan regained momentum reaching 14th position in 2010. As a result, Taiwan is now in the same league as Australia and Mexico and ahead of all ASEAN countries except Singapore.

On the import side, Taiwan advanced one place to the position of 12th largest supplier to the EU, which is comparable to Canada, Malaysia and Algeria. Its share of the EU market grew from 1.5 % of its 2009 level to 1.6 %.

EU exports to Taiwan picked up during 2010, climbing by a significant 47.2 % after a decline of 13 % just the previous year. As the result, Taiwan moved up 4 places to become the EU's 22nd biggest export market in 2010, purchasing 1.1 % of total EU exported goods.

Euro Bn.

EU exports to TaiwanEU imports from TaiwanTotalBalance for the EU

0

12

34

567

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

6

Table 3: The EU's leading trade partnersLeading Client and Supplier Countries of EU27 in Trade (value and %)

(2010, excluding intra-EU trade

�e Major EU Import Partners �e Major EU Export Partners �e Major EU Trader Partners

Rk. EU Imports from Mil. euro % world Rk. EU Exports to Mil. euro % world Rk. Imports+Exports Mil. euro % world

Extra EU27: 1 492 175 100.0 EU27: 1 348 278 100.0 Extra EU27: 2 840 684 100.0

1 China 281 996 18.9 1 USA 242 353 18.0 1 USA 411 649 14.5

2 USA 169 297 11.3 2 China 113 111 8.4 2 China 395 106 13.9

3 Russia 154 909 10.4 3 Switzerland 105 432 7.8 3 Russia 241 424 8.5

4 Switzerland 84 123 5.6 4 Russia 86 515 6.4 4 Switzerland 189 556 6.7

5 Norway 79 084 5.3 5 Turkey 61 171 4.5 5 Norway 120 906 4.3

6 Japan 64 845 4.3 6 Japan 43 709 3.2 6 Japan 108 554 3.8

7 Turkey 42 014 2.8 7 Norway 41 822 3.1 7 Turkey 103 185 3.6

8 South Korea 38 602 2.6 8 India 34 793 2.6 8 India 67 784 2.4

9 India 32 991 2.2 9 Brazil 31 277 2.3 9 South Korea 66 584 2.3

10 Brazil 32 290 2.2 10 South Korea 27 981 2.1 10 Brazil 63 566 2.2

11 Libyan Arab Jamahiri 27 449 1.8 11 U.A.E 27 704 2.1 11 Canada 46 609 1.6

12 Taiwan 24 099 1.6 12 Hong Kong 26 938 2.0 12 Singapore 42 638 1.5

13 Algeria 20 810 1.4 13 Australia 26 743 2.0 13 South Africa 39 370 1.4

14 Malaysia 20 684 1.4 14 Canada 26 564 2.0 14 Taiwan 38 857 1.4

15 Canada 20 045 1.3 15 Singapore 23 981 1.8 15 Saudi Arabia 38 016 1.3

16 Singapore 18 658 1.3 16 Saudi Arabia 23 005 1.7 16 Hong Kong 37 882 1.3

17 South Africa 17 876 1.2 17 South Africa 21 494 1.6 17 Australia 36 589 1.3

18 �ailand 17 188 1.2 18 Mexico 21 387 1.6 18 Algeria 36 350 1.3

19 Saudi Arabia 15 010 1.0 19 Ukraine 17 333 1.3 19 Mexico 34 499 1.2

20 Kazakhstan 14 870 1.0 20 Algeria 15 540 1.2 20 Libyan Arab Jamahiri 34 138 1.2

21 Nigeria 14 636 1.0 21 Egypt 14 772 1.1 21 U.A.E 33 395 1.2

22 Indonesia 13 690 0.9 22 Taiwan 14 758 1.1 22 Malaysia 31 926 1.1

23 Iran 13 282 0.9 23 Israel 14 454 1.1 23 Ukraine 28 662 1.0

24 Mexico 13 112 0.9 24 Morocco 13 632 1.0 24 �ailand 27 172 1.0

25 Ukraine 11322 0.8 25 Iran 11336 0.8 25 Israël 25546 0.9

Source : Eurostat

The EU is not exploiting the full potential of the Taiwanese market — Taiwan is the 22nd

largest EU export market.

7

1.4 Comparison of EU-Taiwan trade with other main trading partners.EU-Asia trade — the importance of Taiwan

According to Eurostat figures, EU-Taiwan trade picked up by an impressive 39.3 %. This is a significantly higher figure than Japan's 16 %, South-Korea's 23.3 % and India's 28.2 % growth in EU trade. Nevertheless, EU exports grew by 47.2 %, a remarkable figure topping those of EU export growth to Japan, Korea and India, as well China.

Table 4: EU's trade with its main Asian partners in 2010, in € bn.

EU imports from Taiwan expanded less quickly than

its exports to its other major export markets (China, US,

Japan).

EU-Taiwan trade is still roughly one-tenth of EU-China trade,

and half of EU-Korea trade

China Japan Korea India Taiwan Exports from EU 113.0 43.7 28.1 34.8 14.8Imports into EU 281.9 64.8 38.6 33.1 24.1Trade volume 395.0 108.6 66.6 67.8 38.9Balance -168.8 -21.1 -10.6 1.8 -9.3

Source : Eurostat

8

The EU is Taiwan's fifth largest trading partnerThe EU achieved a relatively good position in its export of goods, as the growth of EU exports to Taiwan (47.2 % according to Taiwan trade figures) was more than the gains recorded in Japan (21.3 %), the US (17.8 %) or even China (37.2 %).

China (incl. Hong Kong) remained Taiwan's biggest trade partner in 2010 followed by Japan, ASEAN, the US and the EU. Taiwan's overall foreign trade increased by 39.1 % in 2010 and imports into Taiwan grew by 44.2 % according to Taiwan trade statistics.

Taiwan's total exports increased by 34.8 % in 2010 and amounted to US$ 274.6 bn. While there were no major changes in the geographical distribution of exports destinations of Taiwan, some shifts are visible: China's share showed a 1 % rise while the EU's share actually decreased by 1 %. The ranking of ASEAN countries in their total trade with Taiwan dropped as they lost 3 % in comparison to the previous year. In terms of shares in Taiwan's export, China (including Hong Kong) is still way ahead at 41.6 %, followed by the US at 11.5 %, the EU at 9.1 %, and Japan with a 6.7 % share. Exports to the mainland were the driving force behind the export-led recovery from the economic crisis, with Taiwanese exports to China growing by 41.8 % during 2010. On the import side, Taiwan's total imports increased by 44.1 % to US$ 251.4 bn. While in comparison Taiwan's export figure only grew by 34.8 %, it amounted to US$ 274.6 bn. Thus, although the trade surplus has shrunk by 20.8 %, there is still no impending deficit at this stage.

The EU exportsoutperformed other major

traders in the Taiwan market

Figure 3: Share of Taiwan's external tradeTaiwan's trade by country in 2010

Other30%

Japan13%

EU279%

ASEAN10%

US11%

China22%

South-Korea

5%

Source: Taiwan Customs Statistics

Position of EU remains stable vis-à-vis other major exporters

to Taiwan.

EU remains the third largest export market of Taiwan after

China and the US.

9

Table 5: Taiwan's trade with its main partners in 2010

China(incl. Hong Kong) Japan US EU

Taiwan's export in US$ bn 114.7 18.0 31.5 26.3

Taiwan's export change from 2009 % 41.8 24.2 33.6 28.1

Taiwan's importin US$ bn 37.6 51.9 25.4 21.3

Taiwan's import change from 2009 % 35.9 43.4 39.8 36.0

Taiwan's tradein US$ bn 152.3 69.9 56.8 48.6

Taiwan's trade change from 2009 % 39.3 37.9 36.3 31.5

Source: Bureau of Foreign Trade

Figure 4 Taiwan's trade with its main partners

Source: Taiwan Customs Statistics

Taiwan’s Trade with its main Partners(bn USD — Source: Taiwan Customs Statistics)

020406080

100120140

92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

China (incl. HK) Japan USA EU

10

EU exports in 2009

EU exports in 2010

EU imports in2009

EU imports in 2010

Total in2009

Total in2010

EU 27: 10,029.58 14,757.16 17,854.54 24,117.37 27,884.12 38,874.53

Germany 3,883.92 6,003.88 3,855.88 5,207.17 7,739.79 11,211.04

Netherlands 1,300.48 2,472.55 2,788.04 3,961.46 4,088.52 6,434.00

United Kingdom 837.89 1,206.47 2,600.01 3,487.16 3,437.89 4,693.62

France 1,017.94 1,422.87 1,065.18 1,652.47 2,083.12 3,075.34

Italy 823.93 1,013.93 1,405.25 2,032.86 2,229.18 3,046.79

Spain 288.65 316.84 921.64 1,219.06 1,210.30 1,535.91

Belgium 506.00 654.12 556.62 685.78 1,062.63 1,339.90

Poland 104.32 111.80 456.18 996.19 560.50 1,108.00

Sweden 238.50 347.87 520.54 718.10 759.04 1,065.97

Czech Republic 42.47 78.05 417.36 858.65 459.82 936.70

Hungary 28.04 63.20 765.63 815.75 793.67 878.95

Austria 216.87 339.75 304.94 395.69 521.82 735.44

Slovakia 26.47 17.08 491.38 560.29 517.85 577.37

Denmark 168.89 193.05 268.20 370.43 437.09 563.48

Finland 215.07 211.70 184.31 202.45 399.38 414.15

Ireland 252.77 172.80 607.47 133.38 860.24 306.18

Greece 7.45 13.26 166.80 161.82 174.25 175.08

Romania 5.35 9.94 120.58 162.84 125.93 172.78

Portugal 14.59 26.87 88.07 145.56 102.66 172.43

Slovenia 8.03 15.33 70.20 98.29 78.23 113.63

Bulgaria 11.65 23.10 43.43 58.20 55.09 81.30

Lithuania 3.47 5.42 28.25 44.01 31.72 49.43

Luxembourg 13.11 12.90 29.78 31.32 42.89 44.21

Cyprus 1.90 1.75 27.79 35.85 29.69 37.60

Malta 6.26 9.35 29.85 27.78 36.11 37.13

Latvia 2.69 9.12 17.54 25.42 20.23 34.54

Estonia 2.88 4.16 23.63 29.41 26.50 33.58

Source: Eurosta

1.5 Trade by EU Member States In view of its leading position on the world market in areas such as machine tools and other mechanical equipment, Germany continues to be Taiwan's largest trading partner within the EU. Germany is followed by the Netherlands, the UK, France, and Italy. Together these five countries account for more than two-thirds of EU-Taiwan trade.

Most Member States have seen their export and import volumes rise back to their former, pre-crisis levels.

Almost all EU Member States recorded growing trade figures with Taiwan during 2010, with the exception of Ireland, which recorded quite a significant shrinkage. In all, 24 out of 27 Member States had an individual trade deficit with Taiwan, the exceptions being Germany, Finland and Ireland.

Table 6: Taiwan's trade with EU Member States in 2010 in million €

Among the EU MemberStates Germany continues to be

the largest trading partner of Taiwan.

The EU's single market and the free movement of goods on

that market make it difficult to attribute exact trade flows with non-EU economies to a specific

EU Member State.

11

Figure 5: Trade volume between the EU-27 and Taiwan in euros million in 2010

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Germany

Netherlands

UK France

ItalySpain

Belgium

Poland

Sweden

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Austria

Slovakia

Denmark

Finland

Ireland

Greece

Romania

Portugal

Slovenia

Bulgaria

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Cyprus

MaltaLatvia

Estonia

EU exports in 2010 EU imports in 2010

Source: Eurostat

Figure 6: Share of EU trade volume with Taiwan (2010)

Factfile 2011 FINAL 11

Figure 5: Trade volume between the EU-27 and Taiwan in US$ million in 2010

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Germany

Netherlands

UK France

ItalySpain

Belgium

Poland

Sweden

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Austria

Slovakia

Denmark

Finland

Ireland

Greece

Romania

Portugal

Slovenia

Bulgaria

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Cyprus

MaltaLatvia

Estonia

EU exports in 2010 EU imports in 2010

Source: Eurostat

Figure 6: Share of EU trade volume with Taiwan (2010)

EU-Taiwan trade by Member State

Germany 28.9%

France 7.9%

Italy 7.8%Netherlands 16.6%

UK 12.1%

Spain 4%

Belgium 3.4%

other EU MS19.3%

Source: Eurostat

1.6 Structure by product

The Taiwanese economy is one of the world’s leading suppliers of computer memory chips and semiconductors, as well as a leading supplier of LCD screens. The structure of Taiwan’s exports to the EU is dominated by finished consumer products which are assembled in Taiwan or mainland China and then sold to Europe and the rest of the world.

Source: Eurostat

1.6 Structure by productThe Taiwanese economy is one of the world's leading suppliers of computer memory chips and semiconductors, as well as a leading supplier of LCD screens. The structure of Taiwan's exports to the EU is dominated by finished consumer products which are assembled in Taiwan or mainland China and then sold to Europe and the rest of the world.

The top five Member States (Germany, the Netherlands, the

UK, France and Italy) account for two-thirds of EU-Taiwan

trade.

12

Figure 7: EU trade with Taiwan by product group

Factfile 2011 FINAL 12

Figure 7: EU trade with Taiwan by product group

259 378 409 6461.552

11.637

259 102

1.981

106

4.188

128230 -97

1.666

-1.053 -198

-11

-1.160

2291821654 608 312 60499

2.312

395

-7.449

-10.000

-5.000

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

1100 -

Agricultural

products

1200 - Fuels and

mining products

2100 - Iron and

steel

2200 - Chemicals 2300 - Other

semi-

manufactures

2400 - Machinery

and transport

equipment

2500 - Textiles 2600 - Clothing 2700 - Other

manufactures

3000 - Other

products

mill

ions

of e

uro

Imports Exports Balance

Source: Eurostat

Machinery and transport equipment account for the bulk of trade between the European Union and Taiwan, followed by chemicals and other manufactured, as well as semi-finished goods. Agricultural goods, energy, iron and steel, and textiles and clothing are also traded, but in relatively smaller quantities than the leading items.

Taiwan’s export structure continues to be dominated by ICT.

Taiwan is the third largest supplier of telecommunication equipment, integrated circuits and electronic components, as well as the seventh largest supplier of electronic data processing equipment.

The most important EU imports from Taiwan are ICT products, such office and telecommunication equipment (72.7% of EU imports from Taiwan), data processing equipment (10.1 %), and integrated circuits and electronic components (16.8 %).

The structure of imported goods, predominantly sophisticated ICT products, has remained constant over the past years, reflecting Taiwan’s manufacturing prowess in ICT products.

Among EU exports to Taiwan the most significant growth was in the share of power generating machinery and other machinery, with close to one third of exported goods.

Taiwan is the sixth largest export market for EU integrated circuits and electronic components and the eleventh largest for other chemicals.

The most important items of EU exports to Taiwan are machinery (60.5 % of EU exports), especially non-electrical machinery (25.9%), other machinery (32.3%) and chemicals (15.7%)including pharmaceutical products and other chemicals (, IC and electronic components (4.5%), agricultural food products (4.9 %), and mining products (2.7 %). These items account for almost three quarters of the goods exported from the EU to Taiwan.

While the basic structure of the EU export is constant, 2010 witnessed an end to the gradual increase in exports of chemical products (share in 2007: 17.3 %, in 2009: 23%, in 2010: 15.7 %). At the same time share of machinery exports decreased, especially office and telecommunication

Source: Eurostat

Machinery and transport equipment account for the bulk of trade between the European Union and Taiwan, followed by chemicals and other manufactured, as well as semi-finished goods. Agricultural goods, energy, iron and steel, and textiles and clothing are also traded, but in relatively smaller quantities than the leading items.

The most important EU imports from Taiwan are ICT products, such office and telecommunication equipment (72.7 % of EU imports from Taiwan), data processing equipment (10.1 %), and integrated circuits and electronic components (16.8 %).

The structure of imported goods, predominantly sophisticated ICT products, has remained constant over the past years, reflecting Taiwan's manufacturing prowess in ICT products.

The most important items of EU exports to Taiwan are machinery (60.5 % of EU exports), especially non-electrical machinery (25.9 %), other machinery (32.3%) and chemicals (15.7 %) including pharmaceutical products and other chemicals (, IC and electronic components (4.5 %), agricultural food products (4.9 %), and mining products (2.7 %). These items account for almost three quarters of the goods exported from the EU to Taiwan.

While the basic structure of the EU export is constant, 2010 witnessed an end to the gradual increase in exports of chemical products (share in 2007: 17.3 %, in 2009: 23 %, in 2010: 15.7 %). At the same time share of machinery exports decreased, especially office and telecommunication equipment (share in 2007: 11.2 %, in 2009: 10.9 %, in 2010: 7 %). Transport equipment on the other hand increased (share in 2009: 6.2 %, in 2010: 9.2 %) as did non-electrical machinery (share in 2009: 17.3 %, in 2010: 25.9 %).

Taiwan's export structure continues to be dominated by

ICT.

Among EU exports to Taiwan the most significant growth

was in the share of power generating machinery and

other machinery, with close to one third of exported goods.

The EU and Taiwan are each other’s main industrial partners

13

Table 7 Ranking of Taiwan in EU's trade A) EU imports from Taiwan

Rank SITC Rev.3 Product GroupsMillionseuro Taiwan's share of total EU Imports %

12 TOTAL 22,667.9 2.7% 100.0 %

13 Iron and steel 603 2.3 % 2.5 %

16 Chemicals 768.7 0.8 % 3.2 %

10 Other semi-manufactures 2 134.9 3 % 8.9 %

6 O�ce and telecommunication equipment 10 915.3 5.7 % 45.3 %

7 Electronic data processing and o�ce equipment 2 435.5 3.3 % 10.1 %

3 Telecommunication equipment 4 421.1 5.9 % 18.4 %

3 Integrated circuits and electronic components 4 058.7 9.4 % 16.8 %

7 Transport equipment 2 367.2 2.2 % 9.8 %

12 - Automotive products 568.4 1.3 % 2.4 %

5 - Other transport equipment 1 798.8 2.7 % 7.5 %

7 Other machinery 3 084.8 2.2 % 12.8 %

8 - Non-electrical machinery 1 196.3 2.2 % 5 %

8 - Electrical machinery 1 681.1 2.9 % 7 %

11 Textiles 316.5 1.67 % 1.3 %

10 Other manufactures 2 365.3 1.8 % 9.8 %

B) EU exports to TaiwanRank SITC Rev.3 Product Groups

Millionsof euro Taiwan's share of total EU Exports %

26 TOTAL 14 760.4 1.1 % 100.0 %

25 Agricultural products 726.3 0.8 % 4.9 %

19 Iron and steel 394.7 1.2 % 2.7 %

12 Chemicals 2 311.1 1.3 % 15.7 %

23 - Pharmaceuticals 149.4 0.6 % 1 %

24 - Plastics 284.9 1 % 1.9 %

11 - Other chemicals 1 876.8 2.1 % 12.7 %

18 O�ce and telecommunication equipment 1 034 1.4 % 7 %

6 Integrated circuits and electronic components 673 4.4 % 4.5 %

16 Other machinery 4 767.4 1.7 % 32.3 %

23 Power generating machinery 340 0.8 % 2.3 %

10 Non-electrical machinery 3 829.8 2.3 % 25.9 %

26 Electrical machinery 597.6 0.9 % 4.0 %

Source: Eurostat

Taiwan is the third largest supplier of telecommunication equipment, integrated circuits

and electronic components, as well as the seventh largest

supplier of electronic data processing equipment.

Taiwan is the sixth largest export market for EU

integrated circuits and electronic components and

the eleventh largest for other chemicals.

14

In 2010 the EU accounted for 31.5 % of all foreign direct

investment in Taiwan

The EU continues to be the biggest foreign investor in

Taiwan.

2　Investment �ows and stocks

Foreign direct investment statistics are very difficult to compile in a globalised world, where businesses do not necessarily have clear-cut geographical roots. For this reason, investment statistics might not reflect the precise flows, but nevertheless indicative to the trends.

2.1 The EU's foreign direct investment (FDI) in Taiwan Taiwan's statistics show a high share of EU investment in Taiwan in 2010, reaching US$ 1.2 bn out of a total FDI in Taiwan of US$ 3.9 bn. This strengthened the EU's position as the biggest foreign investor in Taiwan with a stock of US$ 27.6 bn by the end of 2010 and, according to figures from the Ministry of Economic Affairs, accounted for 25 % of the total FDI stock.

According to Eurostat's figures for 2009 (the latest full year for which data are available), the EU's outward investment was € 273.8 bn. The main destination was the US ( € 75 bn); other significant destinations in Asia include China ( € 5.9 bn), Singapore ( € 2 bn). In the case of Taiwan, actual outward investment by the EU was € 1.3 bn in 2009.

According to Eurostat figures out of the € 3.6 trillion stock of outward investment only about € 9.3 bn was in Taiwan, while the figure was € 173 bn for ASEAN, € 58.3 bn for China and € 28.9 bn for South Korea.

Figure 8: EU FDI with Taiwan in 2009EU27 FDI WITH TAIWAN

Factfile 2011 FINAL 14

6 Integrated circuits and electronic components 673 4.4 % 4.5 %

16 Other machinery 4767.4 1.7 % 32.3%23 Power generating machinery 340 0.8 % 2.3 %10 Non-electrical machinery 3829.8 2.3 % 25.9%26 Electrical machinery 597.6 0.9 % 4.0 %

Source: Eurostat

2. Investment flows and stocks

The EU continues to be the biggest foreign investor in Taiwan.

Foreign direct investment statistics are very difficult to compile in a globalised world, where businesses do not necessarily have clear-cut geographical roots. For this reason, investment statistics might not reflect the precise flows, but nevertheless indicative to the trends.

2.1 The EU’s foreign direct investment (FDI) in Taiwan

In 2010 the EU accounted for 31.5% of all foreign direct investment in Taiwan

Taiwan’s statistics show a high share of EU investment in Taiwan in 2010, reaching US$ 1.2 bn out of a total FDI in Taiwan of US$ 3.9 bn. This strengthened the EU’s position as the biggest foreign investor in Taiwan with a stock of US$ 27.6 bn by the end of 2010 and, according to figures from the Ministry of Economic Affairs, accounted for 25% of the total FDI stock.

According to Eurostat's figures for 2009 (the latest full year for which data are available), the EU’s outward investment was € 273.8 bn. The main destination was the US (€75 bn); other significant destinations in Asia include China (€5.9 bn), Singapore (€ 2 bn). In the case of Taiwan, actual outward investment by the EU was € 1.3 bn in 2009.

According to Eurostat figures out of the €3.6 trillion stock of outward investment only about €9.3 bn was in Taiwan, while the figure was €173 bn for ASEAN, €58.3 bn for China and €28.9bn for South Korea.

Figure 8: EU FDI with Taiwan in 2009EU27 FDI WITH TAIWAN

0.2

-0.3

0.1

-3.5

-0.4

1.11.3

-0.7

-3.3 -4.0

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

2007 2008 2009

Inf low s Outflow s BalanceBillions of euros

Source: Eurostat Source: Eurostat

15

Figure 9: EU FDI stock with Taiwan in 2009EU27 STOCKS OF FDI WITH TAIWAN

Factfile 2011 FINAL 15

Figure 9: EU FDI stock with Taiwan in 2009EU27 STOCKS OF FDI WITH TAIWAN

0.8 0.4 0.5

6.9 7.1

8.87.7 7.5

9.3

0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.0

10.0

2007 2008 2009

Inw ard Stocks Outw ard Stocks BalanceBillions of euros

Source: Eurostat

2.2 Taiwan’s FDI in the EU: unrealised potential

Taiwan is not making full use of its opportunities to invest in the large European market:, the EU so far is a modest destination for Taiwan’s outward investment.

Eurostat figures show that the EU attracted €218.7 bn of foreign direct investment in 2009. The biggest foreign investor in the EU in 2009 was the US with € 97.8 bn, while other big sources of investment in the EU included Singapore with € 2.8 bn and Hong Kong with €1.6 bn. Taiwan’s investment in the EU remains very small at about € 0.1 bn of investment by the end of 2009. In proportion to the level of trade and the EU’s ranking among trading partners, Taiwan’s FDI also remains cautiously low. In 2010 the EU is no more than a marginal destination for Taiwan’s outward investment.

According to Taiwan’s figures for 2010 (MOEA Investment Commission), an amount of US$ 50.6 m in investments to the EU was approved, which was somewhat lower than the previous year. This represents only 1.8 % of Taiwan’s outward foreign investment. The main destinations in the EU were the Netherlands, the UK, Germany, the Czech Republic, and France. Globally, Taiwan FDI was directed towards China, the US, tax havens and ASEAN countries. Taiwanese investment in China picked up significantly in 2010, amounting to US$ 12.2 bn, which more than doubles the 2009 figure of US$ 6 bn according to MOEA Investment Commission figures.

Source: Eurostat

2.2 Taiwan's FDI in the EU : unrealised potentialEurostat figures show that the EU attracted € 218.7 bn of foreign direct investment in 2009. The biggest foreign investor in the EU in 2009 was the US with € 97.8 bn, while other big sources of investment in the EU included Singapore with € 2.8 bn and Hong Kong with € 1.6 bn. Taiwan's investment in the EU remains very small at about € 0.1 bn of investment by the end of 2009. In proportion to the level of trade and the EU's ranking among trading partners, Taiwan's FDI also remains cautiously low. In 2010 the EU is no more than a marginal destination for Taiwan's outward investment.

According to Taiwan's figures for 2010 (MOEA Investment Commission), an amount of US$50.6 m in investments to the EU was approved, which was somewhat lower than the previous year. This represents only 1.8 % of Taiwan's outward foreign investment. The main destinations in the EU were the Netherlands, the UK, Germany, the Czech Republic, and France. Globally, Taiwan FDI was directed towards China, the US, tax havens and ASEAN countries. Taiwanese investment in China picked up significantly in 2010, amounting to US$ 12.2 bn, which more than doubles the 2009 figure of US$ 6 bn according to MOEA Investment Commission figures.

Taiwan is not making full use of its opportunities to invest

in the large European market, the EU so far is a modest destination for Taiwan's

outward investment.

16

3.1. Europeans in TaiwanThe number of European visitors to Taiwan in 2010 increased in comparison to 2009 with a total figure of 197,844 according to the figures of the National Immigration Agency. This is mainly due to a rise in the number of visitors for business purposes (87,200). On the other hand, the number of people visiting Taiwan for leisure purposes has decreased slightly to 53,179.

There has been steady growth in the number of students attending the Taipei European School, which now has 1,213 pupils, continuing the upward trend since its founding in 1990 when it had 60 pupils. In all, 34 % of the pupils attending the school are Europeans: they currently number 412 and are increasing. Moreover, the total number of students is somewhat higher than the previous year's figure (1,163).

The European Chamber of Commerce Taipei (ECCT) was established on 1988. It represents the interests of European business in Taiwan, has a solid and stable membership base, counting 745 individual members as well as 411 corporations and organisations.

A total of 16 EU Member States have offices in Taipei and the European Union is represented by the European Economic and Trade Office.

3.2 Taiwanese visitors to the EUCompared to the downward trend of the past few years there has been a shift this year with a 22 % increase in Taiwanese visitors to the EU and 198,179 visas issued in 2010. There are several reasons for this increase, including sound economic recovery in Taiwan and a weaker euro. More importantly, at the end of 2010 the EU decided to grant Taiwan passport holders visa free treatment for short stays in the Schengen area, following the similar measures by the UK and Ireland. This major breakthrough will allow Taiwanese people to travel visa-free to the 27 Member States of the EU and three additional countries (Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland) for a period of up to 90 days and will boost tourism and business opportunities for Taiwan people in Europe.

3　European presence in Taiwan and people-to-people exchanges

With outstanding economic results in 2010, Taiwan’s

attractiveness for European businesses and individuals

continues to grow.

A successful year for people-to-people contacts: increased

number of visits to the EU.

Adoption of the Schengen visa waiver for Taiwan passport

holders in 2011.

17

Factfile 2011 FINAL 17

Figure 10: Total visas issued by the EU

Total Visas Issued by the EU

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

Total 240406 266428 251366 259007 209770 270928 298012 331913 282426 218411 175197 198179

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Source: EETO

3.3 Taiwanese students in the EU

Europe maintains its appeal as the second most popular destination for Taiwanese students after the US.

According to the Ministry of Education, the number of Taiwanese students studying abroad in 2010 dropped by a mere 4.1 %, with a total of 31,877 Taiwanese students studying abroad, of which 7,216 went to the EU (+6 % compared to 2009).

Several phases can be identified over the past decade. The first phase shows a rise in numbers up to 2003, followed by a sharp drop to the lowest number so far (25,560). Numbers rose again during the following three years, before plummeting in 2007.

The fall in the total number of Taiwanese students abroad is mainly due to a decrease in students going to Canada and, to a lesser extent, Australia. Europe continues to be attractive.

The situation among Member States varies significantly. On the one hand, Denmark, Italy and, to a lesser extent, the Netherlands recorded a drop in the number of students. On the other hand, Austria, the Czech Republic and Finland saw an increase. The UK, France and Germany remain the most popular destinations.

Support for students studying in the EU remains widely available from various sources, such as Taiwan’s Ministry of Education, individual Member States and the European Commission’s Erasmus Mundus Programme. Through this programme, which is aimed at those enrolled on Master or PhD level courses, generous sponsorship has been granted to more than 80 students since 2005.

Source: EETO

3.3 Taiwanese students in the EUAccording to the Ministry of Education, the number of Taiwanese students studying abroad in 2010 dropped by a mere 4.1 %, with a total of 31,877 Taiwanese students studying abroad, of which 7,216 went to the EU (+6 % compared to 2009).

Several phases can be identified over the past decade. The first phase shows a rise in numbers up to 2003, followed by a sharp drop to the lowest number so far (25,560). Numbers rose again during the following three years, before plummeting in 2007.

The fall in the total number of Taiwanese students abroad is mainly due to a decrease in students going to Canada and, to a lesser extent, Australia. Europe continues to be attractive.

The situation among Member States varies significantly. On the one hand, Denmark, Italy and, to a lesser extent, the Netherlands recorded a drop in the number of students. On the other hand, Austria, the Czech Republic and Finland saw an increase. The UK, France and Germany remain the most popular destinations.

Support for students studying in the EU remains widely available from various sources, such as Taiwan's Ministry of Education, individual Member States and the European Commission's Erasmus Mundus Programme. Through this programme, which is aimed at those enrolled on Master or PhD level courses, generous sponsorship has been granted to more than 80 students since 2005.

Europe maintains its appeal as the second most popular

destination for Taiwanese students after the US.

Total Visas Issued by the EU Member States

18

Figure 11: Taiwanese student visas

Factfile 2011 FINAL 18

Figure 11: Taiwanese student visas

Taiwanese Student Visas

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

USA CANADA AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND JAPAN EU

Source: Taiwanese Ministry of Education Source: Taiwanese Ministry of Education

19

歐台雙邊貿易量，業已完全從 2008年至 2009年的全球經濟下滑時期中恢復。2010年，台灣在歐盟貿易夥伴關係中，排名亦從 2009年度的第十九名，躍升至 2010年的第十四名。

由貨品貿易結構來看，歐盟是台灣重要的工業合作夥伴。歐盟從台灣進口大量的辦公與

電信通訊設備，而歐盟銷往台灣的貨品則以機械設備與化學製品為主。

服務貿易量於 2009年呈現衰退，從 2008年的 66億歐元下跌至 57億歐元，相當於歐台貨品貿易總額的 18%，為歐盟帶來 10億歐元的順差。

根據台灣方面的數據顯示，2010年歐盟對台灣的直接投資占外資整體投資的 31.5%，超越美國與日本成為台灣最大的外資來源。2010年歐盟對台灣投資的金額超過 12億美元。

台灣較上一年度躍進五個名次，成

為歐盟第十四大貿易夥伴。

整體而言，歐盟與台灣的整體貿易

成長創十年新高。

歐盟對台出口量大幅成長，總額達

147.6億歐元，是近十年來的最高點。

2009年的服務貿易量基本持平，不論輸出或輸入，皆略下降 1%左右，反映出當時全球經濟下滑的狀

況。

歐盟仍是台灣最大的外資投資來

源，約佔外資累積投資的四分之

一，且佔 2010年外資新進投資的三分之一。

概況

20

1.1 貨品貿易：2010年主要趨勢歐盟統計局與台灣海關統計數據略有差異，主要原因為匯率變動以及對香港轉進出口計

算上的不同。

整體貿易量的復甦反映了全球經濟已逐漸好轉，歐盟地區與台灣的國內生產毛額 (GDP)於 2010年均為正成長，而且較往年要來得顯著：歐盟成長率為 1.8%，台灣則為10.8%。

2010年，歐盟與台灣間以歐元計算的貿易量成長了 39.3%。歐盟對台出口量提升47.2%，歐盟自台的進口量卻也增長了 34.9%。雖然歐盟對台灣出口量成長率比自台進口量高，但歐盟的貿易逆差仍由上年度的 78億歐元增加至 93億歐元。

圖 1　歐盟與台灣間之貨品貿易 (單位 :十億歐元 )

05

10152025303540

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

歐盟自台灣進口

歐盟對台灣出口

單位:十億歐元

來源：歐盟統計局

歐盟與台灣的貿易量，於 2008年至 2009年的經濟危機時期大幅衰退。然而，2010年的 39.3%成長率顯示強勁復甦跡象，整體貿易量甚至超越 2008年的貿易總額—357億歐元。

1　 貿易關係

歐盟與台灣之貨品貿易量於 2010年提高 39.3%。

歐盟對台灣的出口量已完全恢復：

成長率 47.2%，而歐盟出口全球其他區域僅成長了 12.3%。

21

表 1　歐盟與台灣間之貨品貿易 (單位 :十億歐元 )

1.2 服務貿易2008年的世界經濟狀況以及貨品貿易量下跌，歐盟與台灣間的服務貿易額仍舊維持在66億歐元，此表現相當卓越。然而到了 2009年，服務貿易額還是微幅縮減 (統計數據的編輯與出版，通常會慢一年 )。歐盟不論是對台灣輸出服務，或是自台灣輸入服務，貿易額均呈現下滑趨勢。歐盟的服務輸出由 38億歐元減至 34億歐元，而自台灣的服務輸入由 28億歐元減至 24億歐元。

歐盟對台灣服務貿易順差維持在一年前的 10億歐元。然而，此順差仍不足以彌補貨品貿易 93億歐元的逆差。

歐盟與台灣間於 2009年的服務貿易微幅萎縮。

歐盟對台灣服務貿易順差維持在

10億歐元。

來源 :歐盟統計局

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

歐盟對台灣出口

12.0 15.1 13.4 11.9 11.0 12.9 13.1 13.2 13.3 11.6 10.0 14.8

年成長率 (%) +25.8 -11.3 -11.2 -7.6 +16.8 +1.3 +1.3 +0.8 -12.9 -13.4 47.2

歐盟自台灣進口

21.3 28.3 26.0 23.2 22.6 23.9 24.1 26.7 26.1 24.1 17.5 24.1

年成長率 (%) +32.9 -8.1 -10.8 -3.4 +5.7 +0.9 +10.7 -2.2 -7.5 -27.3 34.9

進出口總額 33.3 43.4 39.4 35.1 33.7 36.8 37.2 39.9 39.4 35.7 27.5 38.9

年成長率 (%) +30.3 -9.2 -10.9 -5.1 +9.2 +1.1 +7.3 -1.3 -9.4 -22.9 41.5

歐盟貿易順 (逆 )差 -9.3 -13.2 -12.5 -11.3 -11.6 -11.0 -11.0 -13.5 -12.8 -12.4 -7.5 -9.3

22

表 2　歐盟與台灣間之服務貿易 (單位 :十億歐元 )2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

歐盟對台灣輸出 2.0 2.0 2.4 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.4

歐盟自台灣輸入 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 3.0 2.8 2.4

總額 3.8 3.8 4.5 5.3 5.2 5.2 6.7 6.6 5.8

歐盟貿易順 (逆 )差 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.0

來源：歐盟統計局

來源：歐盟統計局

1.3 排名：進口、出口及總體貿易量台灣作為歐盟貿易夥伴排名，在 2009年時從第十三名跌落至第廿一名，但是在 2010年重新回到第十四名的位置。目前台灣在貿易總額上與澳大利亞和墨西哥相仿，且表現領

先新加坡以外的東協國家。

以進口貿易而言，台灣進步一個名次成為歐盟第十二大供應國，與加拿大、馬來西亞和

阿爾及利亞相當。以歐盟市場而言，市占比例由 2009年的 1.5%成長至今年的 1.6%。

歐盟對台灣的出口量在 2010年大幅增長 47.2%，扭轉上年度下滑 13%的局面。也因此，台灣在 2010年歐盟出口市場排名躍升了 4個名次，成為歐盟第廿二大出口市場，採購量占歐盟總出口貨品的 1.1%。

圖 2　歐盟與台灣間之服務貿易 (單位 :十億歐元 )

0

12

34

567

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

單位:十億歐元

歐盟對台灣輸出

歐盟對台灣輸入

總額

歐盟貿易順(差)額

23

歐盟並未善用台灣市場的潛力－台

灣乃歐盟第廿二大出口市場。

表 3 歐盟主要貿易夥伴歐盟 27國之主要進出口貿易夥伴 (額度及 %)

(2010, 不包含歐盟境內之貿易 )

歐盟主要進口夥伴 歐盟主要出口夥伴 歐盟主要貿易夥伴

排名

歐盟進口自百萬歐元

% 全球 排名

歐盟出口至百萬歐元

% 全球 排名

進口＋出口百萬歐元

% 全球

歐盟 27國以外 1 492 175 100.0 歐盟 27國以外 1 348 278 100.0 歐盟 27國以外 2 840 684 100.0

1 中國 281 996 18.9 1 美國 242 353 18.0 1 美國 411 649 14.5

2 美國 169 297 11.3 2 中國 113 111 8.4 2 中國 395 106 13.9

3 俄羅斯 154 909 10.4 3 瑞士 105 432 7.8 3 俄羅斯 241 424 8.5

4 瑞士 84 123 5.6 4 俄羅斯 86 515 6.4 4 瑞士 189 556 6.7

5 挪威 79 084 5.3 5 土耳其 61 171 4.5 5 挪威 120 906 4.3

6 日本 64 845 4.3 6 日本 43 709 3.2 6 日本 108 554 3.8

7 土耳其 42 014 2.8 7 挪威 41 822 3.1 7 土耳其 103 185 3.6

8 南韓 38 602 2.6 8 印度 34 793 2.6 8 印度 67 784 2.4

9 印度 32 991 2.2 9 巴西 31 277 2.3 9 南韓 66 584 2.3

10 巴西 32 290 2.2 10 南韓 27 981 2.1 10 巴西 63 566 2.2

11 利比亞 27 449 1.8 11阿拉伯聯合大公國

27 704 2.1 11 加拿大 46 609 1.6

12 台灣 24 099 1.6 12 香港 26 938 2.0 12 新加坡 42 638 1.5

13 阿爾及利亞 20 810 1.4 13 澳大利亞 26 743 2.0 13 南非 39 370 1.4

14 馬來西亞 20 684 1.4 14 加拿大 26 564 2.0 14 台灣 38 857 1.4

15 加拿大 20 045 1.3 15 新加坡 23 981 1.8 15 沙烏地阿拉伯 38 016 1.3

16 未被定義貿易區域 18 658 1.3 16 沙烏地阿拉伯 23 005 1.7 16 香港 37 882 1.3

17 新加坡 17 876 1.2 17 南非 21 494 1.6 17 澳大利亞 36 589 1.3

18 南非 17 188 1.2 18 墨西哥 21 387 1.6 18 阿爾及利亞 36 350 1.3

19 泰國 15 010 1.0 19 烏克蘭 17 333 1.3 19 墨西哥 34 499 1.2

20 沙烏地阿拉伯 14 870 1.0 20 阿爾及利亞 15 540 1.2 20 利比亞 34 138 1.2

21 哈薩克 14 636 1.0 21 埃及 14 772 1.1 21未被定義貿易區域

33 395 1.2

22 奈及利亞 13 690 0.9 22 台灣 14 758 1.1 22阿拉伯聯合大公國

31 926 1.1

23 印尼 13 282 0.9 23 以色列 14 454 1.1 23 馬來西亞 28 662 1.0

24 伊朗 13 112 0.9 24未被定義貿易區域

13 632 1.0 24 烏克蘭 27 172 1.0

25 墨西哥 11322 0.8 25 摩洛哥 11336 0.8 25 泰國 25546 0.9

來源：歐盟統計局

24

1.4 歐台貿易與其他主要貿易夥伴的比較根據歐盟統計局的數據顯示，歐台貿易表現亮眼，大幅成長 39.3%。成長率明顯高於歐盟對日本貿易的 16%成長、對南韓貿易的 23.3%成長，以及對印度貿易的 28.2%成長。歐盟對台灣的出口量呈現 48%的驚人增幅，遠高於對日本、韓國、印度，甚至對中國的出口增幅。

表4 2010年歐盟與亞洲主要夥伴之貿易額 (單位 :十億歐元 )

台灣對歐盟出口量的

成長速度，不如對其他主要出口市

場來得快 (中國、美國、日本 )。

歐盟台灣貿易規模為歐盟中國貿易

的十分之一以及歐盟韓國貿易的二

分之一

中國 日本 韓國 印度 台灣歐盟出口 113.0 43.7 28.1 34.8 14.8歐盟進口 281.9 64.8 38.6 33.1 24.1貿易額 395.0 108.6 66.6 67.8 38.9順 (逆 )差 -168.8 -21.1 -10.6 1.8 -9.3

來源：歐盟統計局

25

歐盟是台灣第五大貿易夥伴相較於整體貿易的衰退，歐盟貨品出口表現相對優異，因為歐盟出口至台灣貿易量的成

長幅度 (根據台灣貿易數據為 47.2%)，比起出口至日本 (21.3%)、美國 (17.8%)，甚或是至中國 (37.2%)的成長幅度要來得大。

整體而言，台灣 2010年最大的貿易夥伴是中國 (包含香港 )，接著為日本、東南亞國協、美國與歐盟。根據台灣貿易統計，台灣的貿易總量在 2010年提高了 39.1%，台灣的進口額增長 44.2%。

台灣的整體出口量較 2009年增長了 34.8%，達到 2746億美元。台灣的出口區域分布雖無重大變化，但對中國的比例上揚 1%，對歐盟則是下跌 1%。東南亞國協與台灣間的總體貿易額，較上年度減少了 3%。以台灣的出口市場而言，中國 (包括香港 )仍占 41.6%大幅領先，接著為美國 11.5%、歐盟 9.1%，及日本 6.7%。台灣對中國的出口額在 2010年增加了 41.8%，可見對大陸的出口，乃是出口量自經濟危機中復甦之主要動力。至於進口方面，台灣的進口總額成長了 44.1%，達 2514億美元。相較之下，台灣的出口總額只增加了 34.8%，約為 2746億美元。因此，僅管台灣貿易順差縮減了 20.8%，現階段仍不會出現逆差。

圖 3 台灣對外貿易比例

歐盟對台出口表現比台灣

其他貿易夥伴更佳

歐盟相對於其他對台出口國來說，

地位基本持平。

歐盟仍為台灣第三大出口市場，僅

次於中國與美國之後

2010年台灣和其他國家之貿易

其他國家

30%

日本

13%

東南亞國協

10%歐盟27國

9%美國

11%

中國

22%

南韓

5%

來源 :台灣海關統計數據

26

圖 4 台灣與其主要夥伴之貿易額

020406080

100120140

92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

來源 :台灣海關統計數據

表 5 2010年台灣與其主要夥伴之貿易額

來源 :國際貿易局

中國 (包含香港 ) 日本 美國 歐盟

台灣的出口額 (億美元 ) 114.7 18.0 31.5 26.3

較 2009年台灣出口額增減 % 41.8 24.2 33.6 28.1

台灣的進口額 (億美元 ) 37.6 51.9 25.4 21.3

較 2009年台灣進口額增減 % 35.9 43.4 39.8 36.0

台灣的貿易總額 (億美元 ) 152.3 69.9 56.8 48.6

較 2009年台灣貿易總額增減 % 39.3 37.9 36.3 31.5

27

1.5 台灣與歐盟會員國貿易狀況由於歐盟為單一市場，且市場內貨品自由流通，導致非歐盟經濟體與特定歐盟會員國間

的獨立貿易流量難以估算。

德國的機械工具和其他機械設備一直居於世界領導地位，因此德國在歐盟會員國中，仍

舊是台灣最大的貿易夥伴。其次為荷蘭、英國、義大利及法國。這五個國家占歐台貿易

總量逾 2/3。

大部分會員國的進出口貿易量，都回升到了過去的水準。

幾乎所有的歐盟會員國與台灣間的貿易量於 2010年都見成長，僅有愛爾蘭呈現大幅縮減。27個會員國之中，除了德國、芬蘭及愛爾蘭，其餘 24國對台灣的貿易均出現逆差。

表 6 2010年台灣與歐盟會員國之貿易額 (單位 :百萬歐元 )

德國在歐盟會員國中仍然是台灣最大的貿易夥伴。

2009年歐盟出口額

2010年歐盟出口額

2009年歐盟進口額

2010年歐盟進口額

2009年貿易總額

2010年貿易總額

歐盟 27國 : 10,029.58 14,757.16 17,854.54 24,117.37 27,884.12 38,874.53

德國 3,883.92 6,003.88 3,855.88 5,207.17 7,739.79 11,211.04

荷蘭 1,300.48 2,472.55 2,788.04 3,961.46 4,088.52 6,434.00

英國 837.89 1,206.47 2,600.01 3,487.16 3,437.89 4,693.62

法國 1,017.94 1,422.87 1,065.18 1,652.47 2,083.12 3,075.34

義大利 823.93 1,013.93 1,405.25 2,032.86 2,229.18 3,046.79

西班牙 288.65 316.84 921.64 1,219.06 1,210.30 1,535.91

比利時 506.00 654.12 556.62 685.78 1,062.63 1,339.90

波蘭 104.32 111.80 456.18 996.19 560.50 1,108.00

瑞典 238.50 347.87 520.54 718.10 759.04 1,065.97

捷克 42.47 78.05 417.36 858.65 459.82 936.70

匈牙利 28.04 63.20 765.63 815.75 793.67 878.95

奧地利 216.87 339.75 304.94 395.69 521.82 735.44

斯洛伐克 26.47 17.08 491.38 560.29 517.85 577.37

丹麥 168.89 193.05 268.20 370.43 437.09 563.48

芬蘭 215.07 211.70 184.31 202.45 399.38 414.15

愛爾蘭 252.77 172.80 607.47 133.38 860.24 306.18

希臘 7.45 13.26 166.80 161.82 174.25 175.08

羅馬尼亞 5.35 9.94 120.58 162.84 125.93 172.78

葡萄牙 14.59 26.87 88.07 145.56 102.66 172.43

斯洛維尼亞 8.03 15.33 70.20 98.29 78.23 113.63

保加利亞 11.65 23.10 43.43 58.20 55.09 81.30

立陶宛 3.47 5.42 28.25 44.01 31.72 49.43

盧森堡 13.11 12.90 29.78 31.32 42.89 44.21

塞普勒斯 1.90 1.75 27.79 35.85 29.69 37.60

馬爾他 6.26 9.35 29.85 27.78 36.11 37.13

拉脫維亞 2.69 9.12 17.54 25.42 20.23 34.54

愛沙尼亞 2.88 4.16 23.63 29.41 26.50 33.58

來源 :歐盟統計局

28

圖 5 2010年歐盟 27國與台灣間之貿易額 (單位 :百萬歐元 )

西班牙

德國荷蘭英國義大利

法國

比利時

瑞典芬蘭波蘭奧地利

愛爾蘭

丹麥捷克匈牙利

斯洛伐克

葡萄牙

希臘盧森堡

羅馬尼亞

馬爾他

愛沙尼亞

保加利亞

斯洛維尼亞

立陶宛

拉脫維亞

塞普勒斯

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

2010年歐盟出口額 2010年歐盟進口額

來源 :歐盟統計局

圖 6 歐盟會員國對台灣貿易比例 (2010)

圖 6 歐盟會員國對台灣貿易比例 (2010)

歐盟會員國對台灣貿易比例

德國 28.9%

義大利 7.8%

法國 7.9%荷蘭 16.6%

英國 12.1%

西班牙 4%

比利時 3.4%

其他歐盟會員國

19.3%

來源:歐盟統計局

1.6 貨品進出口結構

台灣對歐盟之出口

台灣是全球電腦記憶晶片、半導體，以及液晶螢幕的主要供應國之一。台灣對歐盟的出口

結構，以消費性產品占絕大多數，這些產品都在台灣或中國組裝完成，再銷往歐洲及世界

其他國家。

圖 7 歐台貿易之產品類別

來源 :歐盟統計局

1.6 貨品進出口結構台灣對歐盟之出口

台灣是全球電腦記憶晶片、半導體，以及液晶螢幕的主要供應國之一。台灣對歐盟的出

口結構，以消費性產品占絕大多數，這些產品都在台灣或中國組裝完成，再銷往歐洲及

世界其他國家。

與台貿易前五名會員國德國、荷

蘭、英國、義大利及法國，共占歐

台貿易總量的 2/3。

29

圖 7 歐台貿易之產品類別

圖 6 歐盟會員國對台灣貿易比例 (2010)

歐盟會員國對台灣貿易比例

德國 28.9%

義大利 7.8%

法國 7.9%荷蘭 16.6%

英國 12.1%

西班牙 4%

比利時 3.4%

其他歐盟會員國

19.3%

來源:歐盟統計局

1.6 貨品進出口結構

台灣對歐盟之出口

台灣是全球電腦記憶晶片、半導體，以及液晶螢幕的主要供應國之一。台灣對歐盟的出口

結構，以消費性產品占絕大多數，這些產品都在台灣或中國組裝完成，再銷往歐洲及世界

其他國家。

圖 7 歐台貿易之產品類別

來源 :歐盟統計局

歐盟與台灣間之貿易以機械與運輸設備為大宗，接著為化學製品，及其他製造品和半製

成品。其他產品如農產、能源、鋼鐵和紡織成衣等亦有貿易往來，但與主要貿易產品相

較之下交易量相當小。

歐盟從台灣進口的項目中，以 ICT產品為最主要，如電信設備 (18.4%)、數據處理設備(10.1%)，以及積體電路與電子元件 (16.8%)。辦公設備與非汽車之運輸設備 (7.5%)、電氣機械 (7%)、非電氣機械 (5%)，以及其他製造品 (9.8%)，則占了台灣銷往歐盟貨品將近3/4。

歐盟自台灣進口的貨品結構幾年未變，仍是以高精密 ICT產品為主要，反映出台灣製造ICT產品與機械設備的卓越能力。

歐盟對台灣出口的項目以機械設備 (32.3%)最為主要，尤其是動力機械 (32.2%)。其他項目包括非電氣機械 (25.9%)、化學製品 (15.7%)如醫藥品 (1%)和其他化學製品 (2.1%)、積體電路與電子元件 (4.5%)、農產食品 (4.9%)，和礦產品 (2.7%)，占了歐盟對台灣總出口貨品的 3/4。

歐盟出口貨品結構大致上是固定的，但化學製品的出口量到了 2010年則不增反減 (2007年占 17.3%，2009年占 23%，2010年占 15.7%)，機械設備出口量也同時減少，尤其是辦公與電信設備 (2007年占 11.2%，2009年占 10.9%，2010年占 7%)。另一方面，運輸設備 (2007年占 9.1%，2009年占 6.2%，2010年占 9.2%)與非電氣機械 (2009年占17.3%， 2010年占 25.9%)，均呈現成長。

台灣的出口結構仍舊以資訊與通訊

技術 (ICT)為主。

歐盟對台灣的出口，增長最顯著的

是動力機械與其他機械項目，占總

出口量的近 1/3。

歐盟與台灣是彼此的重要工業夥

伴。

30

表 7 歐盟貿易中之台灣排名 A) 歐盟自台灣進口排名

國際貿易標準分類產品組

百萬歐元 台灣所占歐盟總進口比例 %

12 總計 22,667.9 2.7% 100.0 %

13 鋼鐵 603 2.3 % 2.5 %

16 化學製品 768.7 0.8 % 3.2 %

10 其他半製成品 2 134.9 3 % 8.9 %

6 辦公與電信設備 10 915.3 5.7 % 45.3 %

7 電子數據處理與辦公設備 2 435.5 3.3 % 10.1 %

3 電信通訊設備 4 421.1 5.9 % 18.4 %

3 積體電路與電子元件 4 058.7 9.4 % 16.8 %

7 運輸設備 2 367.2 2.2 % 9.8 %

12 - 汽車產品 568.4 1.3 % 2.4 %

5 - 其他運輸設備 1 798.8 2.7 % 7.5 %

7 其他機械 3 084.8 2.2 % 12.8 %

8 - 非電氣機械 1 196.3 2.2 % 5 %

8 - 電氣機械 1 681.1 2.9 % 7 %

11 紡織品 316.5 1.67 % 1.3 %

10 其他製造品 2 365.3 1.8 % 9.8 %

B) 歐盟對台灣出口排名

國際貿易標準分類產品組

百萬歐元 台灣所占歐盟總出口比例 %

26 TOTAL 14 760.4 1.1 % 100.0 %

25 農產品 726.3 0.8 % 4.9 %

19 鋼鐵 394.7 1.2 % 2.7 %

12 化學產品 2 311.1 1.3 % 15.7 %

23 - 醫藥品 149.4 0.6 % 1 %

24 - 塑膠 284.9 1 % 1.9 %

11 - 其他化學製品 1 876.8 2.1 % 12.7 %

18 辦公與電信設備 1 034 1.4 % 7 %

6 積體電路與電子元件 673 4.4 % 4.5 %

16 其他機械 4 767.4 1.7 % 32.3 %

23 動力機械 340 0.8 % 2.3 %

10 非電氣機械 3 829.8 2.3 % 25.9 %

26 電氣機械 597.6 0.9 % 4.0 %

來源 :歐盟統計局

台灣是全球第三大電信設備、積體

電路與電子元件供應國，亦是全球

第七大電子數據處理設備供應國。

台灣是歐盟積體電路與電子元件的

第六大出口市場，亦是其他化學製

品的第十一大出口市場。

31

2　 投資量及累積投資以現今全球化趨勢而言，商業行為已無明確的地理根源，對外直接投資難以估算。因此，

投資相關統計資料必須謹慎處理。

2.1 歐盟對台灣的直接投資台灣的統計資料顯示，在 2010年外資直接投資台灣總額的 39億美元中，歐盟投資額就占了 12億美元，比例極高。因此鞏固了歐盟為台灣最大外資來源的地位。根據經濟部統計，歐盟在台灣累積投資於 2010年底高達 276億美元，相當於外資對台灣累積投資總額 1071億美元的 25%。(此統計將在取得最新數據後更新 )。

根據歐盟統計局於 2009年的資料 (可取得的最近年度完整資料 )，歐盟對外投資額在2009年達 2738億歐元。最主要的對象是美國，投資額達 750億歐元。其他重要投資市場也包括新加坡的 20億歐元、中國的 59億歐元，及南韓的 3億歐元。而歐盟對台灣的實際投資額在 2009年為 13億歐元。

根據歐盟統計局數據，在歐盟對外總累積投資的 3.6兆歐元中，台灣僅占其 93億歐元，東南亞國協則占了 1730億歐元，中國占 583億歐元，南韓則為 289億歐元。

圖 8 2009年歐盟對台灣的直接投資

歐盟 27國對台灣之直接投資

來源:歐盟統計局

2. 投資量及累積投資

歐盟持續為台灣最大的外資投資來源。

以現今全球化趨勢而言，商業行為已無明確的地理根源，對外直接投資難以估算。因此，

投資相關統計資料必須謹慎處理。

2.1 歐盟對台灣的直接投資

2010 年，歐盟對台灣的直接投資占外資整體投資的 31.5%。

台灣的統計資料顯示，在 2010 年外資直接投資台灣總額的 39 億美元中，歐盟投資額就占了 12 億美元，比例極高。因此鞏固了歐盟為台灣最大外資來源的地位。根據經濟部統計，歐盟在台灣累積投資於 2010 年底高達 276 億美元，相當於外資對台灣累積投資總額 1071億美元的 25%。(此統計將在取得最新數據後更新)。

根據歐盟統計局於 2009 年的資料(可取得的最近年度完整資料)，歐盟對外投資額在 2009年達 2738 億歐元。最主要的對象是美國，投資額達 750 億歐元。其他重要投資市場也包括新加坡的 20 億歐元、中國的 59 億歐元，及南韓的 3 億歐元。而歐盟對台灣的實際投資額在 2009 年為 13 億歐元。

根據歐盟統計局數據，在歐盟對外總累積投資的 3.6 兆歐元中，台灣僅占其 93 億歐元，東

南亞國協則占了 1730 億歐元，中國占 583 億歐元，南韓則為 289 億歐元。

圖 8 2009 年歐盟對台灣的直接投資

歐盟 27 國對台灣之直接投資

0 2

-0 3

0 1

-3 5

-0 4

1 11 3

-0 7

-3 3-4 0

-3 0

-2 0

-1 0

0 0

1 0

2 0

2007 2008 2009

流入 流出 結餘十億歐元

來源:歐盟統計局來源 :歐盟統計局

2010年，歐盟對台灣的直接投資占外資整體投資的 31.5%。

歐盟持續為台灣最大的外資投資來

源。

32

圖 9 2009年歐盟對台灣的累積投資

歐盟 27國對台灣之累積投資

圖 9 2009 年歐盟對台灣的累積投資

歐盟 27 國對台灣之累積投資

0 80 4 0 5

6 9 7 1

8 8

7 7 7 5

9 3

0 0

1 0

2 0

3 04 05 0

6 0

7 0

8 0

9 010 0

2007 2008 2009

流入存量 流出存量 結餘十億歐元 s

來源:歐盟統計局

2.2 台灣對歐盟的直接投資：尚未利用的潛力

台灣尚未充分善用機會投資大歐盟市場：2010 年，歐盟僅是台灣對外投資的次要市場。

歐盟統計局的數據顯示，歐盟於 2009 年招引了 2187 億歐元的外資直接投資。2009 年對歐盟最大的外資投資者是美國，共投入 978 億歐元；其他對歐盟的較大投資來源包括新加坡的 28 億歐元和香港的 16 億歐元。台灣對歐盟維持較小額投資，到 2009 年底的累積投資金額約為 1 億歐元。

然而，從貿易比例和歐盟之貿易夥伴排名來看，台灣對歐盟的直接投資仍然過低。在 2010年，歐盟仍然只是台灣對外投資的次要市場。

根據台灣經濟部投資審議委員會在 2010 年的數據，台灣僅通過了 506 萬美元投資歐盟，較上一年度稍微要低。這僅相當於台灣對外投資額的 1.8%。台灣主要投資歐盟國家中的荷蘭、英國、德國、捷克和法國。從全球來看，台灣對外投資導向中國、美國、避稅地及東

南亞國協。經濟部投資審議委員會的數據顯示，台灣對中國的投資額在 2010 年顯著提高，達到 122 億美元，是 2009 年 60 億美元的兩倍。

來源 :歐盟統計局

2.2 台灣對歐盟的直接投資：尚未利用的潛力歐盟統計局的數據顯示，歐盟於 2009年招引了 2187億歐元的外資直接投資。2009年對歐盟最大的外資投資者是美國，共投入 978億歐元；其他對歐盟的較大投資來源包括新加坡的 28億歐元和香港的 16億歐元。台灣對歐盟維持較小額投資，到 2009年底的累積投資金額約為 1億歐元。

然而，從貿易比例和歐盟之貿易夥伴排名來看，台灣對歐盟的直接投資仍然過低。在

2010年，歐盟仍然只是台灣對外投資的次要市場。

根據台灣經濟部投資審議委員會在 2010年的數據，台灣僅通過了五千萬美元投資歐盟，較上一年度稍微要低。這僅相當於台灣對外投資額的 1.8%。台灣主要投資歐盟國家中的荷蘭、英國、德國、捷克和法國。從全球來看，台灣對外投資導向中國、美國、避稅地

及東南亞國協。經濟部投資審議委員會的數據顯示，台灣對中國的投資額在 2010年顯著提高，達到 122億美元，是 2009年 60億美元的兩倍。

台灣尚未充分善用機會投資大歐盟

市場，2010年，歐盟僅是台灣對外投資的次要市場。

33

3　 歐洲國家與台灣之民間交流

3.1 歐洲人在台灣2010年造訪台灣的歐洲人數比 2009年要多，達到 197,844人次。主要原因是來台洽商人數增多 (共 87,200人次 )。另一方面，同時期來台觀光的旅客卻略為減少 (共 53,179人次 )。

台北歐洲學校的學生人數亦穩定增長，從 1990年建校時的 60位學生，逐年成長至目前的 1,213位學生。全校有 34%的學生來自歐洲：人數為 412位，且持續增加當中。然而，目前的總學生人數，比上年度的 1,163總人數僅稍微增加。

代表歐洲企業在台利益的台北歐洲商務協會 (ECCT)，擁有堅固穩定的會員基礎，目前有745名個人會員以及 411個企業會員。

歐盟共有 16個會員國在台北設立辦事處，歐盟也由歐洲經貿辦事處代表。

3.2 造訪歐盟的台灣人有別於過去幾年的下降趨勢，台籍旅客造訪歐盟的人次今年度增加了 22%，2010年核發的簽證達 198,179件。促使人數增加的因素包括：台灣強勁的經濟復甦，以及歐元走弱。更重要的是，歐盟在 2010年底決定通過台灣護照持有者短暫停留免申根簽證法案，比照英國及愛爾蘭的模式。這重大的突破可讓台灣人民免持簽證，進入歐盟 27國及另外3個申根公約國家 (瑞士、挪威和冰島 )，最多停留 90天，進而刺激台灣人民赴歐觀光與尋求商機。

由於 2010年經濟表現亮眼，台灣持續吸引歐洲企業及個人來台。

人員交流頻繁的一年：造訪歐盟的

旅客增加。

台灣護照持有者於 2011年起享免申根簽證待遇。

34

圖 10 歐盟會員國核准的簽證總數歐盟核准的簽證總數

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

Total 240406 266428 251366 259007 209770 270928 298012 331913 282426 218411 175197 198179

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

來源 : 歐洲經貿辦事處 (EETO), 2010

3.3 在歐盟的台籍學生根據教育部統計，2010年台灣留學生人數微幅下滑 4.1%，總數為 31,877人次，其中7,216人次前往歐盟國家留學（較 2009年上升 6%)。

過去十年間可分成幾個不同階段。第一階段到 2003年為止留學人數呈現成長趨勢，接著急轉直下至歷史低點（25,560人次）。往後三年開始逐步攀高，直到 2007年人數又再次驟然下降。

台灣海外留學生人數的下降，主要是因為前往加拿大及澳洲留學的人數下降，前往歐洲

的留學生仍相當踴躍。

歐盟各會員國的新生招收情況不一。丹麥、義大利和荷蘭，台灣留學生人數均下滑；而

奧地利、捷克與芬蘭的招生情況較佳。英國、法國和德國仍然是最受歡迎的留學國家。

對前往歐盟留學的學生資金補助管道十分多元，其中包括台灣教育部、各歐盟會員國，

或者是歐盟執委會文教總署的獎學金計畫（Erasmus Mundus Programme)。該計畫主要提供高額獎學金予碩士或博士課程的學生，自 2005年起已超過 80位學生受惠。

歐盟仍排在美國之後，為台籍學生

第二喜愛的留學地點。

35

圖 11 台灣學生簽證圖 11 台灣學生簽證

台灣籍學生簽證

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

1994 1995 1996 199719981999200020012002200320042005 20062007200820092010

美國 加拿大 澳大利亞 紐西蘭 日本 歐盟

來源: 台灣教育部, 2010 來源 : 台灣教育部 , 2010

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