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7/28/2019 Pablo Picassohjasdhhhhhsssssssssssshhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
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Pablo Picasso
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Picasso" redirects here. For other uses, seePicasso (disambiguation).
This name usesSpanish naming customs; the first or paternalfamily nameis Ruiz and the second or maternal
family name is Picasso.
Pablo Picasso
Pablo Picasso, 1908-1909
Birth
name
Pablo Diego Jos Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno
Mara de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santsima Trinidad
Ruiz y Picasso[1]
Born 25 October 1881
Mlaga, Spain
Died 8 April 1973 (aged 91)
Mougins, France
Spouse Olga Khokhlova(1918
55)
Jacqueline Roque(196173)
Nationality Spanish
Field Painting, Drawing, Sculpture,Printmaking,Ceramics
Training Jos Ruiz y Blasco(father),
Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando
Movement Cubism
Works Les Demoiselles d'Avignon(1907)
Guernica(1937)
The Weeping Woman(1937)
Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, known as Pablo Picasso (Spanish:[palo pikaso]; 25 October 1881 8 April 1973) was
a Spanishpainter,sculptor,printmaker,ceramicist, andstage designerwho spent most of his adult life
inFrance. As one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century, he is widely known for co-
founding theCubistmovement, the invention ofconstructed sculpture,[2][3]
the co-invention ofcollage, and for
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Art
Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth.
Pablo Picasso
[8]
Prolific as a draftsman, sculptor, and printmaker, Picasso's primary medium was painting. He usually painted
from imagination or memory, and worked in many different styles throughout his career. Although he used color
as an expressive element, he relied on drawing rather than subtleties of color to create form and space.
Ananoprobeof Picasso's The Red Armchair(1931) by physicists atArgonne National Laboratoryin 2012
confirmed art historians' belief that Picasso used common house paint in many of his paintings .[9]
Picassos work is often categorized into periods. While the names of many of his later periods are debated, the
most commonly accepted periods in his work are theBlue Period(19011904), theRose Period(19051907),
theAfrican-influenced Period(19081909), AnalyticCubism(19091912), and Synthetic Cubism (19121919).
In 193940 theMuseum of Modern Artin New York City, under its directorAlfred Barr, a Picasso enthusiast,
held a major and highly successful retrospective of his principal works up until that time. This exhibition lionized
the artist, brought into full public view in America the scope of his artistry, and resulted in a reinterpretation of
his work by contemporary art historians and scholars.[10]
Picasso was exceptionally prolific throughout his long lifetime. The total number of artworks he produced has
been estimated at 50,000, comprising 1,885 paintings; 1,228 sculptures; 2,880 ceramics, roughly 12,000
drawings, many thousands of prints, and numerous tapestries and rugs .[11]
Before 1901
Picassos training under his father began before 1890. His progress can be traced in the collection of early
works now held by theMuseu PicassoinBarcelona, which provides one of the most comprehensive records
extant of any major artists beginnings.[12]
During 1893 the juvenile quality of his earliest work falls away, and by
1894 his career as a painter can be said to have begun .[13]
The academic realism apparent in the works of the
mid-1890s is well displayed in The First Communion (1896), a large composition that depicts his sister, Lola. In
the same year, at the age of 14, he painted Portrait of Aunt Pepa, a vigorous and dramatic portrait that Juan-
Eduardo Cirlot has called "without a doubt one of the greatest in the whole history of Spanish painting."
[14]
In 1897 his realism became tinged withSymbolistinfluence, in a series of landscape paintings rendered in non
naturalistic violet and green tones. What some call his Modernist period (18991900) followed. His exposure to
the work ofRossetti,Steinlen,Toulouse-LautrecandEdvard Munch, combined with his admiration for favorite
old masters such asEl Greco, led Picasso to a personal version of modernism in his works of this period.[15]
Blue Period
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La Vie (1903),Cleveland Museum of Art
The Old Guitarist(1903),Chicago Art Institute
For more details on this topic, seePicasso's Blue Period.
Picassos Blue Period (19011904) consists of somber paintings rendered in shades of blue and blue-green,
only occasionally warmed by other colors. This periods starting point is uncertain; it may have begun in Spainin the spring of 1901, or in Paris in the second half of the year.
[16]Many paintings of gaunt mothers with children
date from this period. In his austere use of color and sometimes doleful subject matter prostitutes and
beggars are frequent subjects Picasso was influenced by a trip through Spain and by the suicide of his
friendCarlos Casagemas. Starting in autumn of 1901 he painted several posthumous portraits of Casagemas,
culminating in the gloomy allegorical paintingLa Vie (1903), now in theCleveland Museum of Art.[17]
The same mood pervades the well-known etching The Frugal Repast(1904),[18]
which depicts a blind man and
a sighted woman, both emaciated, seated at a nearly bare table. Blindness is a recurrent theme in Picassos
works of this period, also represented in The Blindmans Meal(1903, theMetropolitan Museum of Art) and in
the portrait ofCelestina (1903). Other works include Portrait of SolerandPortrait of Suzanne Bloch.
Rose Period
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Pablo Picasso,Garon la pipe, (Boy with a Pipe), 1905,Rose Period
For more details on this topic, seePicasso's Rose Period.
The Rose Period (19041906)[19]
is characterized by a more cheery style with orange and pink colors, and
featuring many circus people,acrobatsandharlequinsknown in France as saltimbanques. The harlequin, a
comedic character usually depicted in checkered patterned clothing, became a personal symbol for Picasso.
Picasso met Fernande Olivier, a model for sculptors and artists, in Paris in 1904, and many of these paintings
are influenced by his warm relationship with her, in addition to his increased exposure to French painting. The
generally upbeat and optimistic mood of paintings in this period is reminiscent of the 18991901 period (i.e. just
prior to the Blue Period) and 1904 can be considered a transition year between the two periods.
African-influenced Period
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon(1907),Museum of Modern Art, New York
For more details on this topic, seePicasso's African Period.
Picassos African-influenced Period (19071909) begins with the two figures on the right in his painting,Les
Demoiselles d'Avignon, which were inspired by African artifacts. Formal ideas developed during this period
lead directly into the Cubist period that follows.
Cubism
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Three Musicians(1921),Museum of Modern Art
Analyticcubism(19091912) is a style of painting Picasso developed along withGeorges Braqueusing
monochrome brownish and neutral colors. Both artists took apart objects and "analyzed" them in terms of their
shapes. Picasso and Braques paintings at this time have many similarities. Synthetic cubism (19121919) was
a further development of the genre, in which cut paper fragments often wallpaper or portions of newspaper
pages were pasted into compositions, marking the first use ofcollagein fine art.
Classicism and surrealism
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Musicianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Musicianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Braquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Braquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Braquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Picasso_three_musicians_moma_2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Picasso_three_musicians_moma_2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Picasso_three_musicians_moma_2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Picasso_three_musicians_moma_2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Braquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Musicians