Upload
putuariardika
View
37
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
jurnal
Citation preview
5/19/2018 pasc panen
1/13
. 4(1 ) 2007: 4456
I
( L.) , 90%
. N ,
20002004
I
9,2%
15,5% (IPC, 2002).
I,
I
,
,
.
, ,
M
B B
. 12 A B
:@.., @..
I
, .
I
. K
. B
, , . L
, B. ,
. P
A L F . F (A), A1= 10%, A2= 12%
A3 = 14%. F (B), B1= 1,5%, B2 = 2,0 % B3 = 2,5 %. F
(C), C1= (100C) C2 = (121C). H H ; ,
H , H ; H ,
(PC) . M
, 10% 1,5%
.
: , , , ,
. . . 2007.
, , .
I ,
, . O
I . C (.. ) .
, ,
. F
, B. : ,
, . F C
D, . F (A), A1= 10%, A2= 12% A3 = 14%.
(B), B1= 1,5%, B2 = 2,0 % B3 = 2,5 %. (C), C1 =
( 100C), C2 = ( 121C). H
; , H H
; H ,
(PC) . B , 10%
1,5%
.
: , , , ,
5/19/2018 pasc panen
2/13
D
, ,
(P .,1981).
I
. P 1,16%
,
($ 7.34/) ($ 3.51/)
($ 6.49/) (IPC, 1990).
,
. D E
P J,
. P
()
, (M, 1993).
P
, .
, ,
(M, 1989; P, 1992; H
, 1994; N, 1996). P
(, , ),
, , , (M, 1993). K
. L
. M P (1992),
. A
. D
,
(P,1992).
H N ., (2000)
16% 1%. P
(1992)
16% 12%. P
N ., (2000),
.
., (1984)
.
P
( ) ., (1984)
2%
0,2% .
M ,
,
. A
,
. , ( )
. M , ,
. P
( )
N I (
).
P B B L P
P M O 2006. B
, , . B
, B 34
( ). P
. P
.
.
C MC300 (M, 2003), , H,
, .
P
2 () . D
G 1. B
,
.
75 30 (P, 1992).
5/19/2018 pasc panen
3/13
46 ,
P
.
80C 3
,
100 110
. P
10%
. F
( 3 ):
(A) K :
10% (A1); 12% (A2); 14% (A3)
(B) K :
1,5% (B1); 2% (B2); 2,5% (B3)
(C) C : 100C 17
(C1) 121 9 (C2)
1 (76 H)
25 (3
, 5 17
);
17 (3 , 5
9 ). P
(3 )
(17 )
N ., (2000)
(5 )
(9 ) ., (1984).P
.
P
. P :
(1) C
M C300, , H
(
H H) H H
, ; (2)
; (3)
PC N. 10 11 IPC, 2002.
,
, , (
H, 1982). P 1
,
.
G 1. D
( N ., 2000)
1.
( ., 2000)
B
P
P
(110 100 )
(110 100 )
P
(=100C, =5)
(C):
(C):
L
B
P 75
, 30 (P, 1992)
D 75 CC2, 30 (, 1992)
,
,
,
,
P
P
B
B
B
(=80C, = 3)
C
(A)
(B)
C (A)
(B)
5/19/2018 pasc panen
4/13
.
B
C: L =
32,38; = 15,31 = 48,28. N 2
; H 5;
5,97% .. (
76,77%). N
M (1992),
75% 4,8% ..
N C ( C/)
5,42 104CF/
29,05103CF/.
,
.
.
1.
M ., (1984),
, H 56.
H
, ,
H
(G 2). N ,
H
( 1). K H
H
H 4,6 ( ., 2001). N
H
.(1984), 3,7 N
.(2000), 34. P H
,
(
, H ) ,
H .
2.
N
G 3. D L,
,
. D
( 1). K
. P
(P, 1992).
%
(
)
(
)
,*
*
,*
,*
*
,*
,*
*
,*
*) (%)
G 2. P H
2.
5/19/2018 pasc panen
5/13
48 ,
( L
,
G 3) (
L = 32,38; = 15,31 = 48,28). H
.
M ., (1984),
,
. A
,
. H
L ., (2002),
.
P
., (2001)
,
,
, ,
,
, . M
. H
() ()
K/:
: L = (0100%);
C (0100%)
= (80 0)
( ),
(80 0)
( , )
= (80+70)
( )
(80 +70)
( , )
()
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
,**
,* ,*,*
* *
,*
,*
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
,*
,*
,*
*
*
*
,*
,*
,*
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
,*,*
,** *,* ,*
,**
G 3. P
: () N L (), () N , () N
3.
: () , () , ()
5/19/2018 pasc panen
6/13
(3,4
6(N)) 3,4
, ( )
(P ., 1999).
3.
H
,
( 1). H
N .,(2000),
,
3 . B
,
(
4) ( 5),
G 4.
M (1993),
,
.
L
.
H . M
M ., (2005),
. H
()
( ).
(
)
. P ,
.
4.
J H 3,18
3,50; H
3,02 3,23
(G 5). H (
)
1,301,70. H
H
. N H
CP
H
L
H
KC
K (%)
(%)
10 3,349 30,43 0,1192 36,74 4,450 3,023 0,2233
12 3,320 35,60 0,6933 37,21 4,433 3,054 0,1808
14 3,344 33,99 0,7417 37,81 4,250 3,083 0,1880
K (%)
C (%)
1,5 3,176 31,79 0,5283 36,72 4,233 2,892 0,1758
2,0 3,341 33,17 0,5042 37,57 4,500 3,042 0,2338
2,5 3,495 35,06 0,5217 37,47 4,500 3,226 0,1826
C
A
B 3,306 34,89 0,3578 37,58 4,400 3,049 0,1556
AA
3,369 32,79 0,6783 36,93 4,422 3,058 0,2392
1.
1.
K /
A ( )
5% (
) 5%
: 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5 =
: L = (0100%);
C (0100%)
= (80 0)
( ),
(80 0)
( , )
= (80 +70)
( )
(80 +70)
( , )
5/19/2018 pasc panen
7/13
50 ,
C . H
,
,
. M (1994),
,
(
38%).
.
P ,
( .,1984).
(
., 1984). H
,
H ,
( 1).
P
H H H
. K H
3 4 ( ., 1984;
N ., 2000),
3 4.
D G 5 H
3 4.
5.
H
(G 6)
, ,
( 1). L
( 0,20)
( 0,19).
N
(0,20)
P (1992),
0,10,2.
K:
:
: 1 = 3 =
2 = 4 = 5 =
%
(
)
()
*) (%)
,* ,*
,*,*
,*,**
**
G 4. P
4.
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
**
*
,*
,*
,*,*
,*
,*
G 5. P
H
5.
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
,*
,*
,*
*
*
*,*
,*
,*
G 6. P
6.
5/19/2018 pasc panen
8/13
.
1.
K
,
,
.
H ( ,
)
G 7. K 76,77%,
68 70%. H
.,(2001),
. D
()
()
. M M ., (2005),
.
2.
K 5,97% .. ( ),
(2,884,70% ..)
,
G 8. G ., (1986)
4 , 4,5 , 5 5,5 ,
3,2; 3,1; 2,9 2,6 %. K
M
(1993) 3,3%,
.
P
. M
(, 5
), . H
M (1993)
.
.
1.
B 54,2103CF/,
12,31
103 CF/ (
) 12,38 102CF/
.
G 9.
,
,
(C). H
%
%
(
)
()
,* ,*
,*,*
,* ,*
**
*
*) (%)
G 7. P
7.
%
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
*
*
*,*
,*
,*,*
,*
,*
G 8. P
8.
5/19/2018 pasc panen
9/13
52 ,
%
(
)
(
)
*) (%)
,*
*
,* ,*
* ,*
,*
*
,*
G 10. P
10.
(C) ( 2). L ( 9 )
(
17 ). H
(121C)
(100C)
.
M (1991), ()
( 122,5C) 2,71 MJ/
, ( 100C)
0,42 MJ/ . D ,
()
. H
( )
. J
: 0,42 MJ/ 17
= 7,14 MJ./ ,
: 2,71 MJ/ 9 = 24,39 MJ./
. D
. I
(
12,38102 CF/)
( 12,31103CF/).
H
(). N ,
(C),
(1,5%;
2%; 2,5%).
,
. P
(
) ,
(, 1992;
., 1984; M,1993).
(C), (1992)
,
. H
.
G
. M
(1989)
. P,
. K,
. P
/H ( ., 1984).
P
M (1993). D
12%
. K
%
(
)
(
)
,
**
,*
,
*
,
*
*
,*
,*
*
,
*
*) (%)
G 9. P
(PC)
9.
(C)
5/19/2018 pasc panen
10/13
, ,
.
2.
B 29,05103
CF/
,
138,28102 CF/ (
) 28,51102 CF/
. G 10.
D
,
( )
. L
. H
( 121C
9 ) ( 100C 17
)
. ,
(24,39
MJ./)
(7,14 MJ./ ). I
(28,51 102
CF/)
(138,28102CF/). H
().
()
80C (B ., 1987).
.
P ,
. H
, , , .
, , , ,
,
3.
H
D M (DM)
,
, , , ,
( 3).
P
10% 1,5%
(3,8); 10% 2% (3,9);
12% 2,5% (3,75)
14% 1,5% (3,75).
N , ,
3 4
. N
10% 1,5% (3,6)
2. (C)
2. (C)
K / :
A ( )
5% /
( ) 5%
P
(CF/)
K / (%)
10 1,7 102
12 5,8 102
14 3,3 101
K /C (%)
1,5 1,3 102
2,0 2,8 102
2,5 8,9 101
C /
A /B 6,7 102
A/A 3,3 101
5/19/2018 pasc panen
11/13
54 ,
1104CF/ NI
0138341995
. NI B
K
N I
. B
,
.
A
(1,20)
(1,19)
.
1. P ,
,
, , H
, H ,
,
.
10% 2% (3,6). ,
10% 2%.
,
10% 1,5%
(3,25) 12% 2% (3,25). P
12% 2% (3,6)
14%
2% (3,6). N
10%
2% (3,7)
10% 1,5% (3,5).
A
( , ),
10% 1,5%
. H
, (
L, , ; G 3) (
4,233; G 4). K (C)
3.
3.
K/ :
A
5% /
5%
N : 1 = ( )
2 = ()
3 = N ()
4 = A ( )
5 = ()
6 = ( )
7 = A ( )
N /(N=20)
K.GD/
(%)
K.A /C
(%)
C
A
K
P
10 1,5 3,8 3,6 3,4 3,25 3,35 3,5
2 3,9 3,6 3,55 3,5 3,45 3,7
2,5 3,6 3,3 3,4 3,15 3,3 3,35
12 1,5 2,35 3,25 2,9 3,1 3,35 3,05
2 2,9 3,3 2,85 3,3 3,6 3
2,5 3,75 3,3 3,15 3,25 3,3 3,35
14 1,5 3,75 3,25 3,1 3,15 3,25 3,25
2 3,15 3,3 3,3 3,15 3,6 3,45
2,5 3,05 3,35 3,05 2,95 3,25 3,15
5/19/2018 pasc panen
12/13
2. K
.
3. H
10%
2% .
4.
.
(C)
12,38102 CF/
12,31103CF/.
28,51102CF/
138,28102 CF/.
K (C) 1104CF/
NI 01
38341995
B K.
5. P
(
, H
). P
,
10%
1,5% . P ,
( 4,233),
H 3,52,
.
.
.
B, K.A., .A. E, G.H. F, M. . 1987. I
P. P H P A. P I
P. 1987.
G, K.M., C.. C, M.. J., . M J.
. 1986. P N, (11) :714. I
P C.
H, , 1994. P
. P
P I. 19 (34) : 4348.
I P C, 1990. D P
. I P N B, I (4).
I P C, 2002. 7 M
C Q . 23, 2002.
IPC M M A. IPC. J. 22 .
L, C.M., I.. G, .A. , H. K L.N. F.2002. B
. J F
. 67(9): 33213327.
M, A.G. 1992. C . I
P N B, I (2) : 1822.
M, A.G., 1993. G P P.
I P N B. 17 (3) : 1013.
I P C
M, A.G. 1993. P O. I P N
B. : II N. 1 JM 1993. I
C.
M, A.G. 1994. . I P N
B, III (3) : 68.
M, E., J. P, D. , . M, E. K. 2005. H
? J A
C B. 4(2005): 235248.
M, 2003. E .
. G.
M, D., 1989. F P B
. PA I P B.
N N., . M, B. ., . F A. G.
2000. P .
L DIKD B 1999/2000.
B III 110.
N, N., 1996. D . M
L. B P. B P
O. . 222234.
P K.J., P.. J.. B. 1999. A
N P
( L.). L. 32 : 121123.
P, J.., 1992. , ,
( L.)
. IPC B. 16 (1) : 1727.
P, J.., E.G. B, C.L. G ..J. , 1981.
. .2. L I., N .
, P.B., M. N, M. M.B. . 1984.
I .
MADI. . B. 12 (2) : 211215.
NI. 1995. B K. D P
I. 0138341995.
, .. M. H. 1992. P L
M P I. P A P
D G. I P B. B.
, .. 1991. F F P E.
E. C & H. IP A I
P C. A AI . P
N 115 F A N , N
10003.
5/19/2018 pasc panen
13/13
56 ,
, M.G., M.E. F, L.D. A, H.H. . 2001.
C J
, ,
. J F . 6694):620626.
, J., 1992. L (
, L.). IPC B. 16 (1) : 2838.