PDF 2009 Erwin Ciremai Thailand

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Authors:D.ErwinIrawan1,DenyJuanda Puradimaja1,Sudarto Notosiswoyo2,and

Prihadi Soemintadiredja1

Affiliations:1 ResearchGrou onA liedGeolo Facult ofEarthSciencesandTechnolo

Presented on:

2 ResearchGrouponEarthResourcesExploration,FacultyofMiningandPetroleumEngineeringINSTITUTTEKNOLOGIBANDUNG

International Groundwater Symposium (IGS-TH 2009)The International Symposium on

Efficient Groundwater Resources Management The Challenge of Quality and Quantity for SustainableFuture, Bangkok Thailand, 16-21 February 20091


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DEI,2009

indonesia ?

n ones a

INDONESIA ?

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INDONESIA ANDASIA

DEI,2009

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INDONESIA ANDUSA

DEI,2009

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DEI,2009

33 PROVINCES440 REGENCIES

5623 SUB REGENCIES

5


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DEI,2009

o canoes

2.

4 o potent a groun water as n w t4,7 billion m3/year

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DEI,2009

West Java

Java SeaWest JavaProvince

Indonesia Ocean

7


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DEI,2009

Solitaire, Elevation 3072

N

masl 20 km south

from Cirebon 140

groundwater

8


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DEI,2009

N

Pyroclastics

Lava

A

Lahars

Halang Fm.

Kaliwangu Fm.

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DEI,2009

Morphology: Gradual angle from 10 to 42with normal fault

Endapans : pyroclastic fal l at higher than 2000 masl, lava 1250- 2000 masl dan pyroklastic flow at 500- 1250 masl. The

Volcanic deposits sit on tertiary sediments

oo Morphology: Gradual angle from 10 to 42with normal faultDeposi ts: pyroclastic fal l at higher than 2000mdpl, lava 1250- 2000 mdpl dan piroklastik aliranat 750 - 1250 mdpl. The

vulk anikendapans sit on tertiary sedimentary batuans

oopyroclastic fallpyroclastic fall

++

+

+

+

+

+

35 o

48o

o

Sequence of Lahar depositsPiroklastik flow

Lava flow

+++

+?

2o

10o

20o

10o

10


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DEI,2009

Fracturess stemofrocks

Porositas &permeabilityofresidualsoil

qu er

System

Input outputsystemof

groundwateronvolcanicGround

Physical

model ofareas.

Hydrogeology

y : Majorelements

Tem erature

Methods

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Water

DEI,2009

Air

n erac ons

in aquifer

a n re erences: Matthess (1981) Domenico dkk (1990)

Physicalandchemical

propertiesofwater

Freeze dan Cherry (1979)

Cluster analysis

Principal component analysis

Karakter sistem hidrogeologi Pola aliran air tanah

Karakter sistem hidrogeologi

Pola aliran air tanah Hydrogeological system Groundwater flow directions

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Main references: Manga (1999) and

Manga (2001)

DEI,2009

Rainwater Infiltration Groundwater

WaktuGroundwater

P Q

Spring

t t

P Q P Q

t t

Short delay time: Long delay time: as ow Fractured aquifer Normal physical-chem props.

ow ow Porous aquifer Anomalous physical-chem props

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Peta topografi

Citra SRTM

DEI,2009

Topomap

SRTM imagePeta geologi

Peta hidrogeologiKlasifikasi

mata air

Geological map

Hydrogeological map Spring class

Analisis regional

Observasi mata air:

Litologi & geometri

Sifat fisik air tanah: Analisis:

Kendali geologi

terhadapmata air

Asalmula mataRe ional

Geologicalobs

Piper diagram

Geologicalcontrol

Groundwater, , , , p

Sifatkimia air tanah:

Ca

2+

, Na

+

, Mg

2+

, K

+

,HCO3-, Cl-, SO4

2-

.2.Korelasi3.Komponenutama

4.Klaster5.Hidrograf

Delay time,

sistem akuifer,Kawasan

analysis props

Chemical

orre ana ys sPCA

CAH dro ra h

genetic

Delay timeanal sis

Sistem input/

Output airtanah

Data time series

hidrograf: Q, TDS, EC

m u an

Time seriesdata I/O system

Model

hidrogeologiola aliran air

Physicalhydrogeolo

tanah

2005 2006 - 2007 2007 - 200814

gical model


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DEI,2009

25

20

Mean 512,9

StDev 258,5

N 140

yroc as cs

16 sp

Lahars

71 sp

15

10

5

Frequenc avas

52 spSedimen ts1 sp

1200100080060040020000

ELV

LhB

Klw 1

16

Lv

LI

TH

71

52

based on elevation

S rin distribution

11001000900800700600500400300200

ELV

based on lithology and

elevation15


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DEI,2009

Cibulan sp.

Elevation : 544 mdplQ : 17,00 L/dTDS : 109,00 ppmEC : 218,00 S/cmpH : 7,90T : 24,70oC

Telaga Remis sp.

eva on : m pQ : 25,24 L/dTDS : 62,50 ppmEC : 125,00 S/cm

H : 7,70T : 27,10oC

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DEI,2009

Elevation : 650 mdpl

.

TDS : 108,00 ppmEC : 216,00 S/cmpH : 7,00T : 22,80oC

Cibulakan sp.

Elevation : 310 mdplQ : 25,24 L/dTDS : 62,50 ppm

,pH : 7,70T : 27,10oC

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lorid

e(C

l)

Calcium(Ca)+

60

80

6

0

80

DEI,2009

Sul

fate

(SO

4)+

CMagnesium(Mg)

20

40

20

40

12

7

91113 19

25

26

29

31

34

35

39

47

48

54 56

65

6869

70

71

7576

80

838485

8687

93 95

104

105

108

111

112

129

130

131132221223224

241

243

244245247

Dow

nslo

pe

Mg SO4

(HC

O3)

Sodi

20 8080

20 40

20

40

20

3

45

6

8

10

12

14

15

16

17

18

2021

22

22

23

24272830

32

33

3637

40 4243

44

454950

51 5255

57 58

59

5960

61

62

63

6466

6772 73747778

79

81

828889

9091

92

94

9697

99100

101

102103

106

106107

109110128

133134

220

222

226

227

235

236

237238

239240 246

rbon

ate

(CO

3)+

Bic

arbo

nate

m(Na)+Potassium

(K)

Sulfate(SO4)

Mag

nesi

um(Mg)

60

40

40

60

40

60

60

40

80

60

8

0

60

1

23

4

56

78

910

11

12

13

14151617

1820

2324

25 26

2728

31

3233

34

35

3537

3940

42

44

46

4749

50

51

52

5354

5758

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68 70

70

71

7173

74

75

76

77

78

7981

82

83

878889

91

92

959699

100

101

102 103

104

105

107 108

109110111

112

128

129

130

130

131132

133220

222223224

225226227

245

246

Dow

nslo

pe

DownslopeVolcanic system

system

Volcanic system

Sediments

C A T I O N S A N I O N S%meq/l

N a+K H CO +C O3 3 ClCa

Calcium (Ca) Chloride (Cl)

Ca

80 60 40 20 20 40 60 80

80 2020 80

12

345

6

7

8

9

1011

12

13

14

15

161718

1919

20

21

2122

2324252728

29

2930

313233

34

36

3637

3839

40

41 41

42

43

43

44

45

4546

47

4848

495051

525354 55

56

565758

59

6061

62

6364

65

6667 68

6969

72

7273

74

75

767778

79

8080

8182

8384

84

85

85

86

86

87

8889

90

909192

9393

94

949697

98

9899100

101

102 103

105

106

107108109110

111112

128

129131132

133

134

134220

221

221222

223224

225

226

227

235

235

236

236237 237

238

239239

240

240241

241242

242243243

244

244245

246247 247

system

Non dom.ions

Ca-HCO3Non d om.cat-HCO3

mdpl

2500

2000

1500Kation netral-HCO3

Ion netral

G. CiremaiTB

a- 3a- 3

Ca-HCO3Mg-HCO3

Na-K-Cl1000

500

5km 10 15 20 30 18


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DEI,2009

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H erthermal:

DEI,2009

2

103

8685

844829

17

Mata air hipertermalHigh salinity,chlorida-rich,klorida, andregional flow

17

48

1

0247

246

245244243242241239

238

237236

235

227225224223222134133132

131130

129128

112111

110

109107

105

104

101

99

98979594

939291

90

89

88

8783

82 80

78

77

7574

73

72

71

70

69

66

656463

61

60

58

56

55

535251

50

49

47

46

45

44

4342

41

3938

3736

3533323130

28

25

2423

21

20

19

1816

1512

1187

6

4

3

21

Sediment

systemVolcanicsystem

-1

nd

Factor

240

221

102

10096

6867

62

57

40

3426

14

9Ketinggian lebih rendah

po

nenII

-2Sec

LITH226

220Meso/hypothermal springs,Volcanic system,lowsalinity,bicarbonate-rich,local

Temp A.,EC, Na+,K+, Cl-,SO4

2-

Ko

-

-4

w

LhB

Lv

PxB

106

7659

54

22

flow pH, Mg,Ca,HCO3

-

543210-1

First FactorKomponen I20


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DEI,2009

patterns:

fractured and

discharge patterns

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15hours

DEI,2009

T water dan Tair fluctuated

Interaction

Open aquifersystem 15

20

25

30

35

between

aquifer andsurface

(connected withsurface) 0

5

10

0

7.

00

1

0.

00

1

3.

00

1

6.

00

1

9.

00

2

2.

00

0

1.

00

0

4.

00

0

7.

00

1

0.

00

1

3.

00

1

6.

00

1

9.

00

2

2.

00

coincide coincide

2/20/2006 2/21/2006

Telaga Remis T udara (oC) Telaga Remis T air (oC)

30

35

0

5

10

1520

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

constant, T airfluctuated

No interaction Closed aquifer

07

.0

10

.0

13

.0

16

.0

19

.0

22

.0

01

.0

04

.0

07

.0

10

.0

13

.0

16

.0

19

.0

22

.0

4/17/2006 4/18/2006

Ciuyah T udara (oC) Ciuyah T air (oC)

aquifer andsurface

(not connected

to surface)22


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Volcanicaquifer

DEI,2009

Sedimentsaquifer

Rain water

Highelevation

LowTDS/EC

Infiltration

Neutral cations-bicarbonate

Cluster 1

Springs:Mg-bicarbonate

Springs:Ca-bicarbonate

meso/hypothermal

1a;

131

1b;

3

Sedimentsaquifersystem

S rin s:

Volcanic

activities

High

TDS/ECCluster 2

hyperthermal Springs:

Na-K-chloride2a;2 2b;

423

Na-K-chloride


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DEI,2009

Local system:

Low temp Low TDS/EC Normal pH Open system aquifer,

interaction with surface

environment

Regional system: Na and K Chloride faciues

High temp

High TDS/EC Normal pH Closed system aquifer, no

24

environment


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DEI,2009

Major elements, temperature, and TDS/EC is proven to be aneffective assessment to separate the hydrogeological systems.

Two major hydrogeological systems can identified: local flow

and regional flow system.

,groundwater physical props (temperature, TDS/EC) chemicalfacies (major elements)

, .,TDS/EC, normal pH, open system aquifer, interaction with surfaceenvironment

eg ona sys em: a an or e, ac es, g emp., gTDS/EC, normal pH,

Closed system aquifer, no interaction with surface environment

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DEI,2009

Hydrograph on three spring locations,ur ng one year: e ay me n ca es

7 months of groundwater flow.

Comparison between spring dischargeand air temperature, identifies: Open aquifer system: the aquifer interacts with

sur ace environment. Closed aquifer system: no interaction between

26


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DEI,2009

Institut Teknologi Bandung: ITBs scholarship, ITBs research fund

Regional Planning Board of Kuningan Regency.

Tim mahasiswa S1 Teknik Geologi dan Teknik Geofisika yang

telah membantu men um ulkan data mata air.

access todata

The symposium committee:

The De artment of Groundwater Resource Ministr of

fieldsupport

Natural Resources and Environment of Royal ThaiGovernment

The Thai H dro eolo Association

opportu-nities

The Geological Society of Thailand

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Links: Research Group on Applied Geology

www.fitb.itb.ac.id kk- eolo i tera an indonesian version_

www.appliedgeology.itb.ac.id (english version)

We also invite you to write your scientific article to

Journal Geoaplika (www.appliedgeology.itb.ac.id)28

Documents

PDF 2009 Erwin Ciremai Thailand