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Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Hua ng

Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

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Page 1: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Physical Activity and Bone

Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Page 2: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Instruction

• Syllabus

• Bone: A tissue acts silently but a source of multiple cells.

• Bone is an alive tissue with vigorous metabolism.

• Bone is strong, plastic and light.

Page 3: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Anatomy

• Bone’s organic makeup 1. organic matrix: 決定了骨骼的結構,力

學及生化特性, 98 %的有機基質由第一型膠原及非膠原性蛋白所構成,其於的 2%則是包含各種骨骼細胞( osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocytes )。

• Inorganic phase: hydroxyapatite

Page 4: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

骨骼的巨觀及微觀

• 巨觀: axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton.

Page 5: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

• 微觀: Both woven bone (織網骨)

& Lamellar bone (板狀骨) can be part of trabecular bone

and cortical bone

Page 6: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Trabecular bone and Cortical bone

• Trabecular bone: 15-25% calcium ,海綿骨的分佈使得骨髓、血管和結締組織得以與骨骼有所連繋,海綿骨處的骨內膜是骨代謝相當旺成的部位,而皮質骨的主要功能則在於形成骨架與保護( pp.5 )。

• Cortical bone: 80-90% calcium ,位於骨內膜上的細胞在代謝上相當活躍,並與骨合成及骨吸收有著相當密切的關係;骨外膜有兩層,內層(或稱為形成層)在骨骼生長的過程中,主要在成骨骼的橫向生長,使得長骨的直徑變大。

Page 7: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Trabecular bone and Cortical bone

Page 8: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Bone formation takes place in periosteum

Page 9: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Bone cell: osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclast

• 各種骨細胞會對周圍環境的訊息產生反應而調節骨骼代謝,這些訊息包括有化學性的、機械性的、電的、及磁性的。

• Osteoblast(造骨細胞, OB) 1. 製造 bone matrix (骨母質) 2. bone matrix > osteoid (10 days) > ossification bone

3. endocrine (內分泌) , paracrine (對位分泌) , autocrine (自體分泌)

• Osteocytes(骨細胞):深埋於 osteocytic lacunae

Page 10: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Where is OB?

Page 11: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as a marker for OB

OVX

CON

Page 12: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Haversian canal and Osteocytes

Page 13: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Haversian canal and Osteocytes

Page 14: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

Bone cell: osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclast

• Osteoclast(破骨細胞or

蝕骨細胞) 皺折邊緣 > 形成( bone resorption compart

ment )骨吸收隔間 > 釋放 lysosomal enzymes (溶

解酶) > 高濃度的酶使 bone resorption c

ompartment 變酸 > 使氫氧磷灰石結晶的非膠原性連

結被分解掉 > 其餘的膠原纖維則被膠原分解酶

或一種稱為 cathepsin 的因子所移除。

Page 15: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang
Page 16: Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang