Natri-lu hunh pin, anode kim loi natri, lu hunh l tch cc, gm s
in tch pin th cp. Lm vic trong mt mc nht nh, cc ion natri qua in
gia c honh v cc phn ng hi phc ca lu hunh, vic pht hnh ca s hnh thnh
v lu tr nng lng.
C bnPin natri-lu hunh l Ford (Ford) u tin c pht minh vo nm 1967,
cng ty thng bo, cho n nay ch khong 40 tui.Pin thng c gy ra bi cc m,
cc dng, in, phn cch, v bao gm mt s b phn. Pin th cp thng thng nh
pin axit ch, pin nickel-cadmium, vv c lm bng in cc rn v thnh phn
cht in phn lng, v pin natri-lu hunh l tri ngc vi tnh trng nng chy
cht lng l in cc v cht in phn rn bao gm cc in cc thnh phn hot ng tiu
cc nng chy cht liu kim loi natri, cht hot in cc dng l lu hunh v nng
chy natri polysulfide, bi v lu hunh l mt cht cch in, do , lu hunh
thng c lp y trong mt carbon xp in dn in hoc than ch cm thy, cht in
phn rn v cc du phn cch l mt dn c bit ion natri c gi l vt liu gm
Al2O3, nh ni chung l mt vt liu kim loi nh thp khng g.
Cc tnh nng chnhPin natri-lu hunh c nhiu c im ca ni ny: mt nng
lng c bit (pin n v khi lng hoc th tch c nng lng in hiu qu) l cao.
Nng lng c th l thuyt ca 760Wh/Kg, thc s ln hn 150Wh/Kg, l pin
ch-axit 3-4 ln. Chng hn nh Nht Bn, Cng ty in lc Tokyo (TEPCO) v NGK
cng ty pht trin natri pin lu hunh nh pin lu tr nng lng, ng dng nhm
mc tiu nh my in san lp mt bng ti ca n (v d, ct Pinggu chi vai tr ca
m d tha in c lu tr trong pin, ban ngy mt ln na khi cng sut nh c pht
hnh t pin), quyn lc khn cp UPS v b cng sut tc thi, vv, v vo nm 2002
bc vo thng mi ha cc giai on thc hin, c xy dng natri-lu hunh pin cc
thit b lu tr nng lng (8MW) ln nht th gii, n nm 2005 trong s liu
thng k thng Mi, s tin hng nm ca pin natri lu hunh c hn 100 MW,
trong khi bt u sn xut nc ngoi.
Khc l hin ti, phng in cao cao. Mt x hin nay ni chung l ln
200-300mA/cm2, v thi gian pht hnh ngay lp tc c th l 3 ln nng lng vn
c ca n; khc l hiu qu ph x. Nh mt cht in phn rn, khng c thng c s dng
cht lng in th cp pin t x v phn ng ph, ph v x hiu sut hin ti gn
100%. Tt nhin, mi th lun lun chia thnh hai, pin natri lu hunh cng c
thiu st, nhit lm vic ca n 300-350 , v vy khi pin cn mt s vt liu cch
nhit. Tuy nhin, cng ngh chn khng cch in hiu sut cao, m hiu qu c th
gii quyt vn ny.
Vai tr quan trngNatri v lu hunh s c thng qua mt phn ng ha hc,
nng lng lu tr ln, khi li in i hi nhiu nng lng hn, do s chuyn i nng
lng ha hc thnh nng lng in, pht hnh ra, pin natri-lu hunh ca "l" Hiu
sut l tuyt vi, ngay c khi u vo hin ti hn so vi cng sut nh mc t nhin
t 5-10 ln, n cng c th chu c bnh tnh, v sau pht hnh thnh mt mng li
in n nh - cho vn hnh tri chy ca mt li in thnh ph ln c bit hu ch.
Nng lng mt tri, nng lng gi v cc ngun nng lng mi khc mc d sch s,
nhng th h quyn lc l rt khng n nh. iu ny s mang li ton b li in bt ng
ca "cao im." Nh my in nng lng lu tr s nhng "in xanh" u tin hon ton
v sau theo nhu cu cng sut u ra.Pin natri-lu hunh l Na-beta-oxit nhm
(Al2O3) l cht in phn v du phn cch, tng ng, v natri polysulfide kim
loi nh cc dng v cc m ca pin th cp. Pin natri-lu hunh lu tr nng lng
c li th duy nht, ch yu l nguyn liu v chun b cc mt thp chi ph, nng
lng v sc mnh, hiu qu cao, khng c hn ch khng gian, d dng bo tr v nh
vy.
Rt nghaPin natri-lu hunh l mt cng ha mi ca mt thnh vin mi ca gia
nh xut hin, nhiu quc gia trn th gii t c tm quan trng v pht trin
tuyt vi. T pin natri lu hunh c mt lot cc tnh nng hp dn ca pin nng
lng cao, do , bt u vo ngy u tin ca nhiu quc gia cam kt s pht trin
ca sc mnh ca n nh mt pin xe in, c rt nhiu kt qu ng khch l, nhng vi
thi gian m pin natri-lu hunh trong mt tnh hung di ng (chng hn nh xe
in) iu kin tng i khc nghit s dng, hoc t vic s dng cc khng gian c
sn, s an ton ca pin chnh n, v nh vy l mt s hn ch. V vy, trong nhng
nm cui thp nin 1980 v u nhng nm 1990, tp trung vo s pht trin ca nc
ngoi pin natri-lu hunh nh mt dp c nh (v d nh lu tr nng lng) cc ng
dng, v ngy cng th hin tnh u vit ca n.Pin natri-lu hunh c s dng thnh
cng chuyn ti, in khn cp, nng lng gi v cc ngun nng lng ti to khc v
ci thin s n nh ca cht lng in nng u ra v cc kha cnh khc. nc ngoi c
hng trm khi natri lu hunh pin nng lng nh my in lu tr trong hot ng,
mt lot cc pin th cp tin tin l trng thnh nht v ha hn nht mt.
Bo co lin quanNatri-lu hunh pin nng lng nh my in lu tr nm mt vai
tr ln hn cho li in ton b "chuyn ti". Nh chng ta u bit, li in phi c
xy dng p ng ph ti in ti a. Trong nm 2008, Thng Hi tip tc t mc cao
nht gi ti ch 104,5 gi, v p ng ti ny nh ngn, nhng cn phi u t 20 t
nhn dn t. 1 kilowatt in li pin lu tr nng lng c th tit kim vn u t
130 triu nhn dn t, thng qua "chuyn ti" tn than tiu chun c th s dng
nhiu in do 100 , c th mang li li ch kinh t ti 480 nhn dn t. n nm
2015, Thng Hi thung lng khc bit ln n 16.000 MW in, ngay c khi ch c
20% l "Thung lng in" lu tr cho gi cao im, li ch kinh t ca mnh cho
hn 7 t nhn dn t - v lu tr nng lng xy dng trm nng lng u t, ch c 20 t
nhn dn t. H xy dng hai dy chuyn sn xut th im MW, sn xut hng thng ca
pin natri-lu hunh 200-250. "Tip theo, chng ti s tham gia lc lng cng
ty nhiu hn khm ph quy trnh sn xut quy m ln hn." Silicon trn s hp tc
ca Tng cc trng Xia ni vi cc phng vin, Thng Hi kch thc t nhin mnh c
th d on th trng ln n 40 t nhn dn t .Pin natri-lu hunh thng qua hai
trin lm hi ch trin lm Th gii v cc nh lnh o nh nc truy cp cng nh bo
tn ca n thp "carbon" nng lng, li in thng minh, nng lng mi v cc khu
vc khc ca chc nng, hiu sut vn c ca n v gi tr ng dng xut hin, mc ca
s ch s c ci thin rt nhiu. Pin natri-lu hunh l cui cng t c cng nghip
thc hin y gi tr ca ring mnh, chng ti l ph hp hn cho s pht trin ca
ngnh cng nghip pin natri-lu hunh c chn lc, ph hp vi nhu cu th trng
c im k thut m hnh rp khun iu kin thc t, pht trin mc tiu v sn xut
thit b v cc sn phm, y mnh tc cng nghip ha. C th ni, trong vi nm ti
natri-lu hunh hot ng thng mi pin ca Trung Quc ng ch i.Lan Tai
Industrial - Khi ln nht Trung Quc v cc nh sn xut ln nht th gii ca
natri kim loi, cng sut 50.000 tn, vi s pht trin th ha ca Trung Quc
ca li in thng minh, cng nh vic tng cng nng lng gi ca Trung Quc,
natri pin lu hunh s c s dng rng ri trong Trong s cc d n xy dng li
in khc nhau nh natri kim loi natri, lu hunh nh cung cp ln nht ca vt
liu pin, nhng cng rt nhiu s c hng li t li in thng minh v xy dng d n
in gi!
Gii quyt vn ca h thng in gi, hu ht cc kh nng suy ngh ca hn "lu
tr nng lng - quy nh cng sut phn khng", vic s dng nng lng lin tc cng
ngh lu tr nng lng in Lookout tr nn d dng iu chnh nng lng. iu ny c
hiu rng cng ngh lu tr nng lng pht trin cha nng lng gi quy m ln mong
mun cp. Trong s , pin natri-lu hunh, pin lithium l tng i trng thnh,
v c th c s dng trong cc ng dng in ni tiu th in nng, nhng gim chi
ph. Ngoi ra, iu kin a l ni thch hp, kh nn kim tra lu tr nng lng cng
c th c thc hin, vi c tnh khong 100MW nhiu ng dng c th t c.
