POKOK BAHASANPertemuan 24

Matakuliah : Sistem Informasi ManajemenTahun : 2008

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Chapter 8

Information Technology For Management 6th EditionTurban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe

Lecture Slides by L. Beaubien, Providence College

John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Enterprise Systems

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Learning Objectives

• Understand the essentials of enterprise systems and computerized supply chain management. Understand the essentials of enterprise systems and computerized supply chain management.

• Describe the various types of supply chains.

• Describe some major problems of implementing supply chains and some innovative solutions.

• Describe the need for integrated software and how ERP does it.

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Learning Objectives (Continued)

• Understand business process management and how to enhance effectiveness

• Describe the product lifecycle management stages

• Describe CRM and its support by IT

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What is ERP Anyway?• A set of integrated software modules for

supporting all of an enterprise’s processes in real-time.– Sales, Production, Logistics, Purchasing, Accounting, and

Human Resources share relevant information with each other as needed.

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Functional areas of operation• Marketing and Sales• Production and Materials Management• Accounting and Finance• Human Resources

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Business Processes• Managers now think in terms of business process• Take the customer’s perspective

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Your first business enterprise…

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Think in terms of business processes…• What are the processes involved in running a

lemonade stand?– Assume one person– Assume cash business

Inputs Outputs

Process

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Sample Lemonade Processes

Get OK

From Mom

Get supplies together

Get OK

From Mom

Make

lemonade

Make

Sign(s)

Choose

location

Make

lemonade

Set up

tableRake in

The cash

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Sample Lemonade Processes

Get OK

From Mom

Get supplies together

Get OK

From Mom

Make

lemonade

Make

Sign(s)

Choose

location

Make

lemonade

Make

lemonade

Set up

table

Rake in

The cash

Is it feasible?

What supplies do I need?

How much do we make?

How much to charge?

Who are my customers?

Is it worth continuing?

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Your enterprise partners…

Customers

Mom/DadGrocery

Friends

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Sales & Distribution

ProductionPlanning

Financial

Accounting

MaterialsMgmt

Quote Commit ProduceCheckCredit Deliver Bill Collect

Order Management Process

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Functional Silo View of an Organization

Accounting Purchasing ProductionProduction LogisticSalesSales

Information ??Information ??Information ??Information ??

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Essence of ERP Software• Record day-to-day transactions of running a

business and provide near real-time access to information in a consistent manner throughout the organization

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• Single integrated software program.

• Single database.• Information shared and

communicated.• Automates customer orders,

order fulfillment, billing, shipping, etc.

• Tracking

ERP System includes

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Subsystems of ERP• Logistics• Bill Of Materials• Sales & Marketing• Master Scheduling• Materials Requirement Planning• Capacity Requirements Planning• Purchasing • Shop Floor Control• Accounts Payable/Receivable• HR

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IS messages

Local purchasing, invoice verification

Inventory management

Internal sales, shipping and billing

Profit/loss Capacity utilization

Manufacturing Manufacturing

Information Systems:

Project MgmtInventory Purchasing SalesBudget Cash

Management

Head QuartersHead Quarters Marketing/SalesMarketing/SalesSales, shipping

and billingPurchasing of

trading goodsInventory

ManagementCustomer

service

IS messages

Integration of Information Systems

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Example: Buying a New Computer

• Information on products available

• Place order quickly, maybe obtain financing

• Quick delivery• 24 hour Help

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To do this, company needs to• Make sure functional areas are integrated• Information on customer configuration must be

up-to-date• Manufacturing needs configuration from sales• If financing is required, that information from

sales is needed in accounting

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Marketing and Sales• Determine pricing• Take customer orders• Create sales forecast

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Production and Materials Management• Planning• Need accurate forecasts

from Marketing and Sales• Compare costs with

Accounting

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Accounting and Finance• Record transactions• Summarize data

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Human Resources• Recruit• Train• Evaluate• Compensate

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Example:Sales and Distribution with ERP

Pre-Sales ActivitiesSales Order Processing

Billing Delivery

Inventory Sourcing

Payment