Presentazione Snel Savage

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ELA Forum 4.6.04 1

The basis, objective and content of SNEL - EN81-80

Michael Savage



ELA Forum 4.6.04 2

The objective of SNEL is to

upgrade the existing portfolio of lifts in Europe to today’s state of

the art for safety and thereby

reduce accidents!!



ELA Forum 4.6.04 3

Background for SNEL

• Thanks to the EU Commission the fantastic “New

Approach concept” was established in the EU for removing

barriers to trade for new products placed on the market.

• This resulted in the publication of the Lift Directive

95/16/EC.

• The Lifts Directive also makes reference to the EU

Recommendation 95/216/EC (doc. L213 page 1) to

improve the safety of existing lifts.



ELA Forum 4.6.04 4

Background for SNEL

• After experiencing an excellent application of the Lift

Directive, the best way forward for the EU

Recommendations was considered since it is notmandatory. It was felt that an EN Standard based on risk

assessment was needed.

• This concept was duly accepted by CEN/TC10 and SNEL

was born.



ELA Forum 4.6.04 5

CEN/TC10/WG10 which prepared SNEL included experts

from:

• Industry

• Notified Bodies

• Consumer Association (ANEC)

• Insurance Companies

SNEL (EN81-80) received 100% positive vote by all countries!!

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 6

Highlights of SNEL

• SNEL is based on risk assessment

• The proposed SNEL corrective actions are based on high medium and low risk

• SNEL allows a step by step upgrading

• SNEL allows Member State filtering of requirements

• SNEL includes a safety audit check list allowing an independent check of all

existing installations

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 7

EN81-80:2003

Safety rules for the construction and installation

of lifts - Existing lifts - Part 80: Rules for the

improvement of safety of existing passenger and goods passenger lifts

(SNEL - Safety Norm for Existing Li fts )

EN81-80 is now officially published!!

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 8

Facts:

Existing Lifts

• Many of the existing lifts across Europe do

not provide the level of safety society

expects today

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 9

Facts:

Existing Lifts (cont.)

• Individual national code development

has led to different levels of safety

across Europe

•but all countries agree that older existing lifts (e.g. pre 1997) are not as

safe as new ones

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 10

EN81

series of

Standards

The Delta shall

be determined

by the National

authorities

1920 1979 1985 1998 2000 20102001

Step by step improvement of safety standards for lifts

Safety Existing lifts

EN 81-1

EN 81-

1/2

EN 81 series

EN 81

series

prEN 81-80

Difference in level of

safety country by

country

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 11

Facts:

Existing Lifts (cont.)

The needs of disabled and elderly people

need to be addressed

• access to lifts

• use of lifts

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 12

Facts:

Existing Lifts (continued)

• Lifts are for use by everyone, whether alone or un-

supervised

• Their safety is not in the direct users control

• Therefore they have to be independently safe!!!

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 13

The series of EN81 standards for lifts was used as the

basis of today’s state of the art for safety for SNEL

in particular EN81-1/2 - Basic safetyprEN81-21- New lifts in existing buildings

EN81-28 - Remote Alarm

EN81-70 - Access and use by disabled persons

prEN81-71 - Vandal resistant lifts

prEN81-73 - Behaviour of lifts in the event of fire

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 14

Scope of EN81-80

Rules for improving the safety of existing lifts with

the aim of reaching an equivalent level of safety to

that of a newly installed lift, by the application of

today’s state of the art for safety.

NOTE : Due to building design etc. it may not

be possible in all cases to reachtoday’s state of the art.

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 15

Contents of

EN81-80:

4.2 Significant hazards dealt with by this standard ............................................................

5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures .........................................................5.1 General................................ ............................................................................................5.2 Accessibility requirements................................................................ .............................5.3 Requirements against vandalism................................................................ ...................5.4 Behaviour of lifts in the event of fire..............................................................................5.5 Well..................................................................................................................................

Introduction ................................................................................................................................ .

1 Scope...............................................................................................................................

2 Normative references......................................................................................................

3 Terms and definitions................................................................ .....................................

4 List of significant hazards..............................................................................................4.1 Significant hazards not dealt with by this standard ......................................................

Contents

Foreword

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 16

Contents of

EN81-80:(cont.)

5.6.3 Lighting in machine and pulley room ............................................................................Clearances of machinery ............................................................................................................5.6.5 Floors of machine and pulley rooms .............................................................................5.6.6 Handling of equipment ...................................................................................................5.7 Landing and car doors....................................................................................................

5.7.1 Imperforate landing and car doors ................................................................................5.7.2 Locking devices..............................................................................................................5.7.3 Sliding doors with multiple panels.................................................................................Unlocking of landing doors.........................................................................................................5.7.5 Use of glass in car and landing doors ...........................................................................5.7.6 Automatic closing of horizontal sliding landing doors .................................................5.7.7 Fire rated landing doors .................................................................................................5.7.8 Lighting of the landing....................................................................................................5.7.9 Landing door sill ............................................................................................................5.7.10 Horizontally sliding car and landing doors with glass – Precautions against

trapping of children hands .............................................................................................

5.5.1 Protection of any accessible spaces located below the car, the counterweightor the balancing weight ................................................................................................ ..

5.5.2 Screens............................................................................................................................5.5.3 Well enclosures...............................................................................................................5.5.4 Pit access........................................................................................................................5.5.5 Pit and pulley room stopping device .............................................................................5.5.6 Inspection and emergency doors to well and access to the pit................................ ....5.5.7 Top and pit clearances ...................................................................................................

5.5.8 Counterweight or balancing weight screen ...................................................................5.5.9 Lighting of the well .........................................................................................................5.5.10 Emergency release of persons working in well.............................................................5.6 Machine and pulley rooms .............................................................................................5.6.1 Machine and pulley room access................................ ...................................................5.6.2 Machine room floor levels and recesses .......................................................................

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 17

Contents of

EN81-80:(cont.)

Hinged landing doors in combination with power operated horizontally sliding car doors ...............................................................................................................................

5.7.12 Landing door fixings.......................................................................................................5.8 Car, counterweight and balancing weight .....................................................................5.8.1 Load control ................................................................................................ ....................5.8.2 Cars without doors .........................................................................................................

5.8.3 Protection against impact from power operated horizontally sliding car andlanding doors................................................................................................ ..................

5.8.4 Avoidance of the risk of people falling into the well .....................................................5.8.5 Lighting and emergency lighting in the car...................................................................5.8.6 Protection on the car roof...............................................................................................5.8.7 Strength of car roof and emergency trap door................................ ..............................5.8.8 Ventilation of the car.......................................................................................................5.8.9 Locking of emergency trap doors on the car.................................................................

5.9 Suspension, compensation and overspeed protection ................................................5.9.1 Safety gear and overspeed governor for electric lifts................................ ...................5.9.2 Ascending car overspeed and uncontrolled movement of the car with open

doors ................................................................................................ ...............................5.9.3 Protection for traction sheaves and pulleys..................................................................5.9.4 Protection of hydraulic lifts against free fall, descent with excessive speed

and creeping of the car................................................................................................ ...5.9.5 Governor rope tensioning device...................................................................................5.10 Guide rails, buffers and final limit switches ..................................................................5.10.1 Buffers.............................................................................................................................5.10.2 Counterweight or balancing weight guided by wire ropes............................................

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 18

Contents of

EN81-80:(cont.)

5.14.1 Emergency alarm device ................................................................................................5.14.2 Inspection control station and stopping device ............................................................5.14.3 Communication between car and machine room................................ ..........................5.15 Notices, markings and operating instructions ..............................................................

6 Verification of safety measures and/or protective devices ...........................................

7 Information for use .........................................................................................................

Annex A (informative) Method for national implementation of EN 81-80................................A.1 Identification of hazardous situations............................................................................A.2 Evaluation of hazardous situations................................................................................A.3 Classification of priority levels.......................................................................................

Annex B (informative) Safety check list for existing lifts.........................................................

5.12.2 Electro-mechanical brake (electric lifts) ........................................................................5.12.3 Low cylinder pressure (hydraulic lifts) ..........................................................................5.12.4 Shut-off valve (hydraulic lifts) ........................................................................................5.12.5 Slack rope/ chain device.................................................................................................5.12.6 Run-time limiter................................................................................................ ...............5.12.7 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped position............................................5.13 Electric installations and appliances .............................................................................5.13.1 Protection against electric shock...................................................................................5.13.2 Over-temperature protection of the lift machine ...........................................................5.13.3 Phase reversal protection...............................................................................................5.14 Protection against electric faults, controls, priorities...................................................

5.10.3 Final limit switches .........................................................................................................5.11 Distance between car door and landing door................................................................5.12 Lift machine.....................................................................................................................5.12.1 Emergency operation......................................................................................................

Bibliography

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 19

Prioritising the risks

Severity

I II III IVFrequency

Priority level

A Extreme Extreme High Low

B Extreme High High Low

C Extreme High Medium

C-D High High Medium

D High Medium Low

D-E Medium Low

E Low Low

F

Frequency (hazard cause level) :

A Frequent, B Probable, C Occasional,

D Remote, E Improbable, F Imposs ib le

Severity (hazard effect category) :

I Catastrophic, II Critical,

III Marginal , IV Negligible

Risk analysis

- 74 hazardous scenarios were addressed

and accidents which have occurred in

Europe reviewed

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 20

Severity

I II II IVFrequency

Number of hazardous situation

A

B

37

C

9 37 57 N1 33 40 55

C-D

69 5 11 16 18 19 20 2731 36 46 53 68

30 44

D

1 5 7 8 10 12 13 1416 24 25 26 27 2834 36 38 39 41 4650 52 56 57 58 6364 68

17 21 23 43 45 4748 59 61

32 42 49 60 62

D-E

29 47 51 65 70 71N2

22 35 54 66 67

E

6 15 23 35 54 66

F

Frequency (hazard cause level) :

A Frequent, B Probable, C Occasional,

D Remote, E Improbable, F Impossible

Severity (hazard effect category) :

I Catastrophic, II Critical,

III Marginal, IV Negligible

NOTE 1 Numbers in squares correspond to the number of hazardous situation as listed in

table 1.

NOTE 2 For the significance of colours see table A.3.

Extreme

Medium

High

Low

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 21

National Filteringand step by step

Implementation

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 22

No. of

passenger

and goods

lifts

1957 1986 1979 1998

14,000

2002

BS 5655

(EN81) BS 5655 (EN81) BS EN81

BS 2655

58,000 lifts

35,000

High

Medium

Low

BS 2655 (1957)

National major code orregulation changes

6, 22, 32, 35, 42,49, 60, 62, 67

17, 23, 29, 30, 33, 43,

44, 47, 48, 51, 59, 61,

65, 66, 70, 71

1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,

13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20,

21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31,

36, 37, 39, 41, 46, 50,

52, 53, 57, 58, 63, 64,

68, 69

1, 5, 27, 41, 58,

68,

17,29, 33, 47,

59, 61,65,66, 70

32, 35, 60

1, 5, 27,

41, 58, 68

17, 29,

33, 47,

65, 66

32, 35

5

33, 29

Risk

Notes:

1. prEN81-21/70/71/73 not considered (e.g. disabled, vandalism, fire recall)

2. 21,24,27,37,39,44,46,53, 68 partially applied in UK from 1957

3. Total 207,000 lifts (Approx.)

4. Number of lifts removed from service or modernised since 1957 not known

1970

BS 2655

BS 2655 (1970)

1, 5, 7, 8, 9,

10, 11, 12, 13,

14, 16, 18, 19,

20, 21, 24, 25,

27, 28, 41, 46,

52, 53, 57, 58,

63, 64, 68,

17, 23, 29,

30, 33, 43,

44, 45, 47,

48, 51, 59,

61, 65, 66,

70, 71

6, 22, 32,

35, 42,

49, 60,

62, 67

100,000 Lifts

UK Lift InstallationsExample of National

Filtering

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 23

SNEL - EN81-80

Fields in risk

profile

S F

Priority Schedule

I

II

A, B, C

AExtreme

Immediate, lift has to be

stopped

III

III

C-D, DB, C, C-D

A, B

High Short term

I

IIIII

D-E

DC, C-D Medium

Medium term or together

with a major modernisation

I

IIIII

IV

E

D-E, ED

A, B

LowLong term or together with a modernisation of the related component

III

III

IV

FF

D-E, E, F

C, C-D, D, D-

E, E, F

- -

Frequency (hazard cause

level):A Frequent, B Probable, C

Occasional,

D Remote, E Improbable, FImpossible

Severity (hazard effect

category):I Catastrophic, II

Critical,

III Marginal, IV Negligible

NOTE The length of the terms is subject to national filtering, e.g. short term within 5years, medium term within 10 years.



ELA Forum 4.6.04 24

Annex B Safety audit check list

Annex B checklist is the tool to identify the significant hazards and

identifies the type of corrective action

This checklist has been created by risk assessment

The risk analysis methodology is based on ISO/TS 14798 and the

principles of EN1050

The safety checklist addresses the 74 significant hazards and

hazardous situations set out in clause 4

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 25

Yes

No

Fit lockable main switches

as defined in

- EN 81-1:1998, 13.4.2 or

- EN 81-2:1998, 13.4.2

HighYes No5.13.1Presence of

lockable main

switches in

machine room

65

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes No

1. Fit electric equipment with

casings in accordance with

EN 81-1:1998, 13.1.2 or

- EN 81-2:1998, 13.1.2

providing a degree of

protection of at least IP 2X

2. Fit markings as defined in

- EN 81-1:1998, 13.5.3.3 or

- EN 81-2:1998, 13.5.3.3

on connection terminals if the

voltage exceeds 50 V

3. Fit a notice warning

maintenance personnel that

there may still be a voltage

present when the main supply

of the individual controller is

switched off in group

controllers

HighYes No5.13.1Protection

against electric

shock (IP2X)

Protection and

marking of

electricalequipment

64

Remarks Possible

measure to

be adopted

Protective measure(s)

(Risk reduction measure)

Priority

levelRequirement

Fulfilled Clause Items to be

checked

Nr.

Table B.1 — check list example 5.13Electrical installations and appliances

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 26

Some of the benefits for building owners and lift users

• brings the safety of existing lifts up to today’s state of the art for

safety

• makes buildings more lettable

• reduces risk of accidents and claims by users

• users of buildings are safer

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 27

Question:

Do you expect the lifts youride in throughout Europe and

the world to be equally

safe???

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 28

I am sure you do!!!

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 29

Then let’s make them equally safe byapplying SNEL EN81-80 throughout

Europe!!!

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4.6.04 30

Thanks to the EU Commission

vision for considering existing lifts

via a Recommendation , Europe can

make another major step forward to

improve the safety of these lifts, for

all of society, by adopting SNEL -EN81-80 !!!

SNEL - EN81-80



ELA Forum 4 6 04 31

Thank you for your attention

SNEL - EN81-80

Documents

Presentazione Snel Savage