General Certificate of EducationAdvanced Subsidiary ExaminationJune 2009

Psychology PSYA2(Specification A)Unit 2 Biological Psychology, Social Psychology and

Individual Differences

Friday 15 May 2009 1.30 pm to 3.00 pm

You will need no other materials.

Time allowed 1 hour 30 minutes

Instructions Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. Answer all questions. You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Answers written in margins or on blank pages will not be marked.

Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.

If you need extra paper, use the Supplementary Answer Sheets.

Information The marks for questions are shown in brackets. The maximum mark for this paper is 72. Question 8 should be answered in continuous prose. You may use the space provided to plan your answer. In Question 8, you will be marked on your ability to:

– use good English – organise information clearly – use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.

PSYA2(JUN09PSYA201)G/K44361 6/6/6/3

Centre Number Candidate Number

Surname

Other Names

Candidate Signature

For Examiner’s Use

Examiner’s Initials

Question Mark

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2 Areas outside the box will

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SECTION A: BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

Answer all questions.

Total for this question: 3 marks

1 The following are features of the pituitary-adrenal system and the sympathomedullary pathway.

Tick the boxes next to three features of the sympathomedullary pathway.

Noradrenaline

Pituitary gland

Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medulla

Sympathetic nervous system

(Tick three boxes only)(3 marks)

3

Total for this question: 6 marks

2 Questionnaires have often been used in stress research to measure the impact of life changes on health.

Outline one advantage and one disadvantage of using questionnaires in stress research.

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Total for this question: 5 marks

3 During the last few months, Paula has suffered from headaches and colds, and has been having difficulty sleeping. She decided to keep a diary and found that her headaches, colds and sleep problems were associated with experiences such as having too much homework, losing house keys and being stuck in traffic.

3 (a) What is the name for these sorts of stress-related experiences?

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3 (b) Use your knowledge of psychology to explain why Paula might be feeling unwell.

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Total for this question: 10 marks

4 Discuss one or more physiological methods of stress management.

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SECTION B: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Answer all questions.

Total for this question: 4 marks

5 Explain what is meant by locus of control.

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Total for this question: 2 marks

6 It is Ani’s first day in a new job and he spends a lot of time watching to see what his colleagues are doing, so that he will fit in with them and be liked. Explain Ani’s behaviour in terms of compliance.

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Total for this question: 6 marks

7 (a) Outline one method that psychologists have used to study conformity.

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7 (b) Explain one limitation of this method.

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7 (c) Suggest an appropriate way of overcoming this limitation.

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Total for this question: 12 marks

8 Outline and evaluate one or more explanations of why people obey.

You may use this space to plan your answer

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SECTION C: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

Answer all questions.

Total for this question: 6 marks

9 (a) Describe key features of the behavioural approach to psychopathology.

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9 (b) Outline one limitation of the behavioural approach to psychopathology.

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Total for this question: 6 marks

10 One way of defining abnormality is to see whether or not someone meets the criteria for mental health. Ivan has high self-esteem and a strong sense of identity.

10 (a) Describe two other criteria that you would expect Ivan to display if he were psychologically healthy.

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10 (b) Outline one weakness of defining abnormality in terms of mental health.

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Total for this question: 8 marks

11 Sally often gets anxious for no apparent reason. She believes that people do not like her and becomes distressed when she has to meet strangers. She is very nervous when faced with new or unexpected situations. Sally has been referred to a therapist for psychoanalysis.

11 (a) Outline two techniques used in psychoanalysis.

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11 (b) Sally asks whether there are any problems with this therapy. What would you tell her?

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11 (c) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is another psychological therapy. Explain why this might be an appropriate therapy for Sally’s problems.

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Total for this question: 4 marks

12 Describe the use of ECT (electro-convulsive therapy) in treating abnormality.

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END OF QUESTIONS

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