Results

Unit one

Cognitive Craik and Tulving’s, 1975, Levels of Processing experiment

Level of processing from least deep (1) visual to deepest (5) semantic1 2 3 4 5Proportion of words recognised correctly

Yes 0.22 0.18 0.78 0.93 0.96No n/a 0.14 0.36 0.63 0.83

Write below what these results actually mean……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Godden and Baddeley’s, 1975, Context Dependent Memory experiment Out of a possible 36 words, the mean average score

Study environment Test environment dry

Test environment wet

dry 13.5 8.6wet 8.5 11.4

Write below what these results actually mean……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

SocialMilgram, 1963, study of Obedience26/40 pps/65% continued to 450 volts100% continue to 300 volts (at which point the learner/confederate stopped ‘co-operating’.

Milgram 1965 variation (disobedient stooges)With two ‘colleagues’ (Confederates), who both refused to proceed beyond 300 volts, there was a 10% level of obedience (36 out of 40 pps)

Meeus & Raaijmakers, 1986 Administrative Obedience91.7% (22/24) pps obeyed giving all 15 stress remarksThe average number of stress remarks was 14.81 (out of 15)In the control groups 0% gave the stress remarks i.e. no one

Hofling et al, 1966, Study of Obedience in Nurses21/22 would have given the medication as ordered11/22 said they were aware of the dosage discrepancyThe one nurse who refused said she felt some hostility towards the unknown Dr on the telephoneReaction to the experiment (on debriefing) ranged from mild scientific interest to anger and guilt

In response to the questionnaire:10/12 graduate nurses said they would not have given the

medicationReasons for not giving the medication ranged from hospital policy to dosage discrepancy21/21 student nurses said they would not have given the medication19/21 student nurses noted the dosage discrepancy

Tajfel, 1970, Experiments in inter-group discriminationBoys typically awarded more points to members of their in-groupBoys also opted to maximise the difference in favour of the in-group – even if the in-group got less points