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406
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408
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410
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c;]DGc HL V5GL JF6L D[ \ XMlET4 lGZLC VF{Z VEFJU|l;T
,MUM\ SM pTFZGF RFCT[ C{\4 pGSF SYG C{ lS VUZ D{\ .G ,MUM\ SM :JZ
G N[ ;SF TM CDFZL ;FZL 5}HF4 VR"GF4 ;FlCtI ;FWGF jIY" HF/UL P
/[;[ ,MUM\ D[ \ DFGJLI D}<IM\ SL :YF5GF SZS[ CL D{ \ V5G[ HLJG SM
;FY"S AGF ;S}¥UF P VUZ /[;F G SZ ;SF TM CDFZL ;FZL ;FWGF
lGZY"S AG HFI[UL P SlJ c;]DGc I]U SL S;F{8L 5Z V5G[ SM S;T[
C]/ cS;F{8Lc SlJTF D[ \ l,BT[ C{ \ lS v
ccI]U SL S;F{8L 5Z R-³L C{
VFH D[ZL ;FWGF P
HM l,B ZCF C} ¥ VFH D{ \
HM lNB ZCF C} ¥ VFH D{ \
p;D[ \ VUZ h,S[ G T]D
TM jIY" ;A VFZFWGF Pcc?)
.; 5|SFZ S,F SF D]bI pÛ[xI ;DFH S[ ~u64 VEFJU|:T4
UZLA4 D]S ,MUM\ SM JF6L N[SZ pGSM ;DFH D[ \ pGSF plRT :YFG
lN,FG[ SF CMGF RFlC/ P DFÉ;"JFNL S,F SM ;FDFlHS ÊF\lT D[ \
c/S DFwID AGFSZ pGSM ;FDFlHS /J\ 5|UlTJFNL ÊF\lT SL JFCS
444
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
/J\ 5|RFlZSF AGFGF RFCT[ C{ P VTo cS,F S[J, S,F IF DGMZ\HG
S[ l,/ CL C{ v IC l;âF\T U,T C{ ,[lSG cS,F HLJG S[ l,/ C{c
IC l;âF\T ;CL C{ P c;]DGc HL V5GL SlJTF/¥ HLJG S[ l,/
;DFH S[ l,/ CM .;l,/ 5|ItGXL, ZC[ C{ \ VF{Z pgCM \G [ V5GL
SlJTFVM\ D[ \ .;[ :YFG EL lNIF P
&@?@? ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F /J\ ;DY"G&@?@? ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F /J\ ;DY"G&@?@? ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F /J\ ;DY"G&@?@? ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F /J\ ;DY"G&@?@? ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F /J\ ;DY"G
VF{nMlUS ÊF\lT S[ AFN VFI SF D]bI ;FWG O[{ ³É8LIM\ D[ \
DH³N}ZL CL YF P VlWS ;[ VlWS ,MU DH³N}Z Y[ P O[ { ³É8LIM\ S[
DFl,S .G DH³N}ZM SF VF{Z H³DLNFZ lS;FG /J\ B[T DH³N}ZM SF
XMQF6 SZT[ Y[ P .;L XMQF6 SL VFU SL ,58M\ D[ \ 5} ¥HLJFNL jIJ:YF
SL XF;G 5|6F,L wJ:T CM U> P DFÉ;" VF{Z ,[lGG SL J{RFlZS
VFU SL lR\UFlZIM\ D[ \ VlEHFtI XMQFS jIJ:YF SM wJ:T SZ lNIF
VF{Z ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SF 5|FZ\E C]VF P ;MlJIT ~; .;SF
5|DF6 ZCF C{ P ;MlJIT ~; ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L SF D]bI :T\E
C{ P SlJ c;]DGc HL G[ .; ;MlJIT ~; VF{Z p;SL ;FdIJFNL
XF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F SL C{ ÉIM\lS .; XF;G 5|6F,L D[ \ ;DFGTF4
;]B4 XF\lT VFG\N ;EL S[ 3ZM\ D[ \ VFIF C{ P IC ~; 5N Nl,TM4
DH³,}DM4 XMlQFTM \4 UZLAM\ VF{Z DwIJU" SF VU|N}T AGSZ pGS[
VlWSFZM SM lN,JFG[ SF EULZY SFI" SZTF C{ P SlJ c;]DGc G[
c;MlJIT ;\3c S[ 5|lT SlJTF HM lS ;MlJITvHD"G I]â S[ 5|FZdE
CMG[ S[ /S DFC 5xRFTŸ l,BL U> YL D[ \ ;FdIJFN4 ;FdIJFNL /J\
445
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
;FdIJFNLvXF;G 5|6F,L SL 5|X\;F SL C{ P pGS[ XaNM\ D[ \ IC
5|Xl:T N[lB/ v
ccGJv;\:S'lT S[ VU|N}T C{
5NvNl,TM\ SL VFX
/S T]dCFZL UlT 5Z V8SL
DFGJTF SL BF; Pcc
I]U I]U SL XMlQFTvHGTF S[
VM GJv:Jl6"D EMZ
,UL C]> C{ VUl6T VF¥B[ \
VFH T]dCFZL VMZ Pcc&_
;MlJIT ~; SL ;[GF S[ Vl0³U RZ6 C{4 CF{;,[ A],\N C{ \4
pgGT D:TS C{ \ VF{Z lJHIM<,F; ,[SZ :JT\+TF 5|Fl%T SL VMZ
VFU[ A-³TL ,F, ;[GF SM N[BSZ 5} ¥HLJFNLv;FD|F¾IJFNL TFST[ HM
DFGJTF SL N]xDG C{4 HD"GLvlC8,Z .GS[ 5|TLS C{ P J[ A[CF, /J\
+:T C{ \ P HD"GL S[ 5F; lSZFI[ S[ 5UFZNFZL ;{lGS C{ \4 HAlS ~;
S[ 5F; N[X lCT S[ l,/ VFtDAl,NFGL /[;[ ;Dl5"T ;{lGS C{ /[;[
;FdIJFNL SFI"STF" C{ \ P SlJ c;]DGc S[ XaN N[lB/ v
ccVl0U RZ6 pgGT D:TS
ÉIF .gS³,FA SL RF,
N[B T]dCFZF ;FC;
N]xDG DF{G +:T A[CF,
446
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
pWZ lSZF/ S[ ;{lGS C{ \
wI[I CLG lD|I DF6
pgC[ \ l;BF TM NM
S{;[ ZÉBL HFTL C{ VFG Pcc&!
;FdIJFNL XF;G D[ \ ;DFGTF SL GLlT C{4 ;]B C{4 XMQF6D]ÉT
jIJ:YF C{ P DHN}ZM \ VF{Z lS;FGM \ SL VH[I XlÉT ;FdIJFNL
;ZSFZ SL C{ P c;]DGc HL .; ;FdIJFNL XlÉT S[ NX"G 5}ZL N]lGIF
SM SZFGF RFCT[ C{ P CF¥l;IF VF{Z CYM0³F ÊDXo lS;FGM\ VF{Z
DH³N}ZM \ SF 5|TLS C{ P VF{Z ,F, Z\U HM lS ÊF\lT SF 5|TLS C{ JC
;FdIJFNL ;ZSFZ S[ wJH SF Z\U C{ P /[;L NLGTFD]ÉT VFGvAFG
VF{Z XFG HM DH³N]ZvlS;FG SL XlÉT ;[ C{ /[;L ;FdIJFNL ;ZSFZ
S[ U]6UFG SlJ c;]DGc HL UFT[ C{ \4 pGS[ XaNM\ D[ \ ;FdIJFNL XFG
VF{Z VFG SM N[lB/ v
ccVrKF C]VF 5ZL1FF VF>
,[UL N]lGIF HFG
.G DHN}Z lS;FGM\ SF
CMTF ÉIF DCF5|IF6
CF¥l;IF VF{Z CYF{0³F VA TS
C]VF GCL\ 5FDF,
IC 5FGL ;[ GCL\
B}G ;[ CL YF h^0³F ,F,
447
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
,F, T]dCFZF h^0F JLZM
,F, T]dCFZF ;{gI
,F, T]dCFZF HLJG
T]DSM ÉIF lRgTF4 ÉIF N{gI Pcc&2
HA ~;L ;[GF HD"G ;{gI 5Z EFZL 50³ ZCL YL VF{Z ~;L
;FdIJFNL ;ZSFZ SL lJHI 5TFSF OCZFG[ CL JF,L YL TA H]<DL
HD"GvN, S[ 5TG SL 3l0³IF¥ X]~ CM U> YL P .;L lJHI A[,F SL
;F1FL c;]DGc HL SL cDF¶:SM VA EL N}Z C{c SlJTF SL .G 5\lÉTIM\
D[ \ N]lB/ v
ccZFTM\vZFT A-³ [ p,}SvU6
ZCL ;'lQ8 ;A ;MTL
JZGF NMv;F{ DL, HDL\
VF;FGL ;[ ;Z CMTL
VFH JCL AF>; H}G lOZ
W]DWFD SZ VF>
lH; lNG H]<DL HD"GvN, SL
X]~ C]> 5C]GF> Pcc&#
~;L ;FdIJFN G[ :JT\+TF ÉIF C{ p;SL VG]E}lT SZFIL C{4
HGTF SL XlÉT D\ [ lSTGL O³F {,FNL TFST CMTL C{ .;SF ;A}T
N]lGIF SM N[ lNIF P XMQFS 5} ¥HL5lT /J\4 ;FD|F¾IJFNL XF;G SF
5}ZF 3D\0 RSGFR}Z SZ lNIF VF{Z A[A;4 lGo;CFI ,MUM\ D[ \ XMlQFTM\
448
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
D[ \ N'-³ lJxJF; SF ;\RFZ SZ lNIF P ~;L ;FdIJFNL XF;G 5|6F,L
SL 5|Xl:T VF{Z p;SF ;DY"G c;]DGc HL .G XaNM\ D[ \ SZT[ C{ \ v
ccT]DG[ l;BF lNIF N]lGIF SM
ÉIF :JTg+TF SL VG]ZlÉT
T]DG[ lNBF lNIF N]lGIF SM
ÉIF CMTL HGTF SL XlÉT
T]DG[ lD8F lNIF XMQFS
JUM" SF ;FZF UJ" C],F;
T]DG[ A-³F lNIF DH³,}DM\
SL N]lGIF SF N'- lJxJF; cc&$
/[;L ;FdIJFNL VF{Z 5|UlTJFlNIM\ SL ,F, ;[GF V5GL lJHI
SL wJHF ,CZFTL C]>4 ,]8[ZM \ VF{Z XMQFSM\ 5Z T}OFG AGSZ VFU[
lJHI 5|F%T SZTL C]. R,L HF ZCL C{ P c;]DGc HL SL R,L HF ZCL
A-³L ,F, ;[GF SL I[ 5\lÉTIF¥ N[lB/ v
ccTGF J1F4 ¾JF,F D]BL xJF; D[ \ EZ
,}8[ZM \ SL N]lGIF 5{ AGS[ AJ\0Z
;DI SL 0UZ 5Z 5|,I S[ SNDWZ
R,L HF ZCL C{ A-³L ,F, ;[GF Pcc&?
XMQFSM\ SL ;ZSFZM\ SF 5TG VF{Z U],FDL SL DFGl;STF
ZBG[ JF,L 5} ¥HLJFNL XF;G jIJ:YF S[ lJ~â ;D]R[ lJxJ D[ \
:JT\+TF SL VFU E0³S p9L YL P ICL VFU VDlZSF SL :JT\+TF
449
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
D[ \ YL4 VF{Z VO³LSF D[ \ EL ICL VFU ;],U ZCL YL TM .;L VFU SL
lRgUFlZIF¥ WLZ[vWLZ[ U|L;4 C\U[ZL4 ~DFlGIF4 ËF\;4 Al,"G VFlN D[ \
,UTL C]> ;D}R[ lJxJ D[ \ O{, U> P ;GŸ !(?* >@ SL ÊF\lT D[ \ EL
EFZT D[ \ ICL\ VFU O{,L C]> YL TM cRF{ZFvRF{ZLc D[ \ EL ICL ÊF\lTSFZL
VFU CL YL P c;]DGc S[ XaNM\ D[ \ cG> VFU C{ G> VFU C{c SlJTF S[
I[ XaN N[lB/ v
ccICL VluG TM D> lNJ; SM
RDS p9L YL VDZLSF D[ \
ICL VluG TM WLZ[vWLZ[
;],U ZCL C{ VOZLSF D[ \
.;L VluG G[ T5F T5F SZ
p; GUZL SF ~5 lGBFZF
lH;SL RDS N[B ;A AM,[
c,F,vl;TFZFc c,F,vl;TFZFc
lRgUFlZIF¥ .;L SL lABZL
U|L;4 C\U[ZL4 ~DFlGIF D[ \
ËF\; VF{Z Al,"G G[ BM,L VF¥B
N};ZL CL N]lGIF D[ \
;G ;TFJG D[ \ IC RDSL
RF{ZF RF{ZL D[ \ EL NDSL
VF{Z VU:T ÉIF l,; D[ \ EL
.;SL V\T¾JF",F WWSL Pcc&&
450
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
DCFG ;FdIJFNL XF;S ,[lGG DH³N}ZM \ VF{Z lS;FGM\ S[ D;LCF
Y[4 J[ HLJGEZ pGS[ VlWSFZM\ S[ l,/ ,0³T[ ZC[ Y[ P p;S[ ;FY
5}ZF I]U YF4 VGFYM\ SF JC GFY YF P p;SF S[J, /S CL DFGJTFJFN
SF WD" YF4 J[ D]lÉTN}T4 VU|N}T Y[ P ,[lGG SL 5|Xl:T c;]DGc HL
SL SlJTF c,[lGG SL ;DFlW 5Zc SL .G 5\lÉTIM\ D[ \ N[lB/ v
ccN]lGIF S[ Nl,TM\4 5|5Ll0³TM VF{Z XMlQFTM\ SF
Z1FS4 pâFZS4 D;LCF ICF¥ ;MTF C{@@@@
zlDSM\ SF zlDS JC4 VGFYM\ SF GFY YF
SM> /S N[X GCL\4 ;FZF I]U ;FY YF
p;SF G SM> WD"4 HFlT IF lAZFNZL4
JC YF DFGJTF SF D]lÉTN}T4 VU|N}T Pcc&*
/[;F CL N};ZF ;FdIJFNL G[TF DFÉ"; YF P HM0L DFGM IMlUZFH
zLS'Q6 VF{Z WG]WFZL DFÉ;" VF{Z ,[lGG SL c;]DGc HL DFÉ;" VF{Z
,[lGG SM .G XaNM\ D[ \ zâF\Hl, N[T[ C]/ l,BT[ C{ v
ccIMlUZFH S'Q6 VF{Z
WG]WF"ZL VH]"G ;L
HM0³L DFÉ;" v ,[lGG SL Pcc&(
.G NMGM\ G[ c;MlJIT ~;c S[ lGDF"6 D[ \ DCÀJ SL E}lDSF
lGEF> P /[;[ ;MlJIT ~; SL DlCDF CM8, I]Ê[G VF{Z X[jCR[gSMc
SlJTF D[ \ c;]DGc HL SL S,D ;[ v
451
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
ccCM8, TL; D\lH³,F IC XFCL 9F8
lOZ EL C{ ;J";],E4 ;MlJIT SL DlCDF Pcc&)
.; 5|SFZ c;]DGc HL SL SlJTF D[ \ ;MlJIT ~; VF{Z
;FdIJFNL XF;G jIJ:YF ;FdIJFNL G[TF VFlN SL 5|X\;F lRl+T C]>
C{4 IC 5|X\;F S[J, 5|X\;F GCL\ C{ ,[lSG .; 5|6F,L ;[ ;DTF4
XF\lT4 ;]B4 gIFI VF{Z DH³N}Z /J\ lS;FGM\ SF lCT .;;[ H}0³F C{
.;l,/ ;DY"G IMuI C{ P c;]DGc HL .;D[ \ 5}6"TIF ;O, l;â
C]/ C{ P
&@?@& ;FD|F¾IJFN VF {Z 5 } ¥HLJFN SF lJZMW&@?@& ;FD|F¾IJFN VF {Z 5 } ¥HLJFN SF lJZMW&@?@& ;FD|F¾IJFN VF {Z 5 } ¥HLJFN SF lJZMW&@?@& ;FD|F¾IJFN VF {Z 5 } ¥HLJFN SF lJZMW&@?@& ;FD|F¾IJFN VF {Z 5 } ¥HLJFN SF lJZMW
;lNIM\ ;[ .; ;\;FZ D[ \ XMQF6vRÊ lJnDFG C{ P 5]ZFG[ ;DI
D[ \ EL IC YF VF{Z VFH EL GI[ ~5 D[ \ XMQF6 R, ZCF C{ P IC
XMQF6 ;¿F4 ;FD|F¾I VF{Z WG S[ A, 5Z CMTF C{ P ;FD|F¾IJFN4
;FDgTJFN4 5} ¥HLJFN .;SF 5MQF6 C{ P 5]ZFG[ ;DI D[ \ DCFEFZTSF,
;[ ,[SZ VFH TS XMQF6 S[ D}, D[ \ 5} ¥HLJFN VF{Z ;FD|F¾IJFN ZCF
C{ P DCFEFZTSF, D[ \ zLS'Q6 G[ ;FD|F¾IJFN S[ lJ~â D]lCD
R,FSZ HZF;\34 S\;4 lXX]5F,4 SF,IJG SL XMQF6 I]ÉT ;FD|F¾I
SL GL\J lC,FSZ p;SF V\T lSIF YF P TA EL ;FD|F¾IJFN CL
XMQF6 VF{Z VtIFRFZ SF D}, YF P DwII]U D[ \ ;FD\TJFN VF{Z
HDLNFZL 5|YF .;S[ D}, D[ \ YL TM VFW]lGS I]U D[ \ 5} ¥HLJFN p;S[
D}, D[ \ C{ P c;]DGc HL G[ XMQF6 S[ .; D}, SF lJZMW lSIF C{ P
;FD|F¾IJFN VF{Z 5} ¥HLJFN SF lJZMW SZS[ p;[ XMQF6 VF{Z VgIFI
452
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
SF pNŸUD :Y, ATFIF C{ P /[;[ VtIFRFZLIM\ SL CFZ VF{Z 5|UlTJFNL
lJRFZWFZF SL HLT SM c;]DGc HL HFUZ6 SlJTF S[ DFwID ;[ .;
5|SFZ jIÉT SZT[ C{ v
ccHI CM DHN}Z lS;FGM\ SLcc
SCTF T}OFG p9F EFZL
,M p<8[ Z:T[ EFU R,[
S, S[ XMQFS VtIFRFZL Pcc*_
5} ¥HLJFNL VF{Z XMQFS /[;L ;FD|F¾IJFNL TFSTM\ G[ ;lNIM\ ;[
UZLAM\ VF{Z lGdG JUM" SF XMQF6 lSIF C{ P I]UM\ TS XMQF6 SZT[
UZLAM\ SF B}G R}; SZ EL p;SL %IF; VFH TS GCL\ A]h 5FIL C{ P
c;]DGc HL S[ XaNM\ D[ \ cD[Z[ :JZ D[ \ HLJG EZ NMc SlJTF SL I[
5\lÉTIF¥ N[lB/ v
ccHLG GLJM\ S[ lGDF"6M\ D[ \
lSTGL ,FXM\ 5Z ,FX -CL\
I]UvI]U TS XMQF6 SZ lOZ EL
A]h 5F> lHGSL %IF; GCL\
pG 5|F;FNM\ SL >8M\ D[ \ HH"Z B\0CZ B\0G EZ NM
D[Z[ :JZ D[ \ HLJG EZ NM Pcc*!
XMQFS JU" D[ \ TlGS EL NIF SL A] ¥N TS GCL\ CMTL4 XMlQFT
JU" XMQFSM\ S[ ;dD]B ZMvZMSZ NIF SL ELB DF¥U[ lOZ EL lH;SF
lN, NC,FTF GCL\ /[;[ XMQFSM\ SF lJZMW CL TS";\UT C{ P pGSL
453
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
/[;L jIJ:YF SM pBF0³ O[ \SGF CL ;CL C{ P c;]DGc HL S[ XaNM\ D[ \
CFI ¦ GCL\4 IC N[BF HFTF SlJTF SL 5\lÉTIF¥ N[B[ \ v
cclGD"D XMQFS S[ CL ;dD]B
V5G[ CFY 5;FZF SZTF
X[QF G lHGD[ \ NIF CIF S]K
p;;[ ZMvZM VFC[ \ EZTF
Al, ASZ[v;F Ê}Z S;F>
SM V5G[ 5CRFG G 5FTF
CFI GCL\ IC N[BF HFTF Pcc*2
/[;[ VtIFRFlZIM\ SF GFX CL SZGF RFlC/ TEL ;DFH D[ \
;DTF VF{Z ;]B XF\lT SF ;\RFZ CMUF P DH³N}ZvlS;FGM\ SL ;\Ul9T
XlÉT ;[ .;SF lJZMW SZS[ pG 5Z lJHI 5|F%T SZGL CMUL P
c;]DGc HL XMQFS JU" 5Z DHN}ZM VF{Z lS;FGM\ SL lJHI SL VFXF
cDH³N}Z lS;FGM\ A-³ [ R,Mc SlJTF D[ \ .; 5|SFZ jIÉT SZT[ C{ \ v
ccT]D UZHM VFH 5|,I CMUL
XMQFS JUM" SL 1FI CMUL
N]lGIF S[ SMG[vSMG[ ;[
DH,}DM\ SL HIvHI CMUL
VtIFRFZL SL KFTL 5Z T]D R-³ [ R,M T]D R-³ [ R,M
DHN}ZvlS;FGM\ A-[ ³ R,M Pcc*#
454
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
/[;L TFS³TM\ SM R]GF{TL5}6" XaNM\ D[ \ c;]DGc HL SCT[ C{ \ lS
VA ;DFH D[ HFU'lT VF U> C{ VTo T]dCFZL WDSL GCL\ R,[UL P
VA HDFGF AN, ZCF C{ P T]dCFZ[ H]<DM\ S[ ;FD|F¾I SF V\T CMG[JF,F
C{ ÉIM\lS ÊF\lT T]dCFZ[ äFZ 5Z N:TS N[ ZCL C{ P c;]DGc HL S[ XaN
N[lB/ v
ccVA G T]D WDSL lNBFGF
VA G p;S[ 5F; HFGF
VA AN,TF C{ HDFGF
YF ICL H]<DL T]dCFZ[ H]<D SF ;A ZFH
;]G ZC[ CM ÊF\lT SL VFJFH
AH ZCF C{ lJHI AFHF
C{ ICL I]U SF TSFHF
;\E, HFVM VA lGZMUL .gS,FAL UFH
;]G ZC[ CM ÊF\lT SL VFJFH Pcc*$
A[ZMH³UFZL VF{Z E}BDZL S[ D}, D[ \ VgIFIL VF{Z VtIFRFZL
VGLlT5}6" jIJ:YF C{ P UZLAL S[ SFZ6 ,MU E}B DZ[ SL l:YlT D[ \
D]lxS, ;[ U]H³FZF SZT[ C{ P HLlJT S\SF,v;LvN[C l,/ CH³FZM
,MU S}5MQF6 SL ;D:IF ;[ U|l;T CMSZ V5GF HLJG -M ZC[ C{ \ P
/[;[ CL lS;L S\SF, SM N[B c;]DGc HL ãlJT CMSZ 5} ¥HLJFNL
jIJ:YF SL Ê}Z GLlT SF lJZMW SZT[ C]/ cIC lS;SF S\SF, 50³F
C{ P SlJTF D[ \ .; 5|SFZ l,BT[ C{ \ v
455
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
cclS;L N{J SF C{ 5|SM5 IC
IF VHUZ G[ R}; l,IF C{
IF DFGJ SL NFGJTF G[
.;SF HLJG ,}8 l,IF C{
IC 5} ¥HLJFNL ;DFH S[
H}<DM\ SF H\HF, 50³F C{
IC lS;SF S\SF, 50³F C{ ¦
pO lSTGF EIFJGF ,UTF
;H, 5]Tl,IF¥ lOZF ZCF C{
VFU[ S[ NM NF¥T lGSF,[
IC CD ;A SM lAZF ZCF C{
lGxRI CL IC XMQFS JUM" SF
lRZ 5|lTXMWL SF, 50³F C{
IC lS;SF S\SF, 50³F C{ Pcc*?
HA N ] lGIF D [ \ GFH ³ LJFN4 OFl;:8JFN VF {Z VtIFRFZL
;FD|F¾IJFN SL XMQF6 SL DIF"NFVM\ SF V\T C]VF TM 5}Z[ lJxJ D[ \
DFÉ;"JFNL 5|UlTJFNL VF\NM,G R, 50³F P DFGM N]lGIF G[ .;
VgIFI S[ S}RÊ SF VgT SZ N[G[ SL 9FG ,L YL P ~; .; ÊF\lT
SF JFCS AGF P c;]DGc HL S[ XaN N[lB/ v
ccICL\ GFlH³IM\ G[ 5CRFGF4 SCT[ lS;[ ;DZ SZ
/Sv/S 5U 5Z ,[G[ S[4 N[G[ 50³ [ ICF¥ 5Z
456
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
ICF¥ 5F¥RJF N:TF SFID4 SZGF C]VF V;dEJ
ICF¥ lC8,ZL E}K 5} ¥K U>4 UIF lJGI SF UF{ZJ P**
/[;L ;0³L U,L HH"lZT VF{Z VgIFI5}6" jIJ:YF S[ SFZ6
CL ;DFH D\ [ N]oB VF{Z N{gI SF TF\0J R, ZCF C{4 5} ¥HLJFN .;SF
5MQFS C{4 5} ¥HLJFN SM ;FD|F¾IJFN SF 5MQF6 lD,TF C{ VTo .;SF
GFX /J\ wJ\; /S DF+ p5RFZ C{ P c;]DGc HL S[ XaN N[lB/ v
ccI[ lC\;S E[l0³/ p0³FG[4 R,[ l;\C SF äFZ
1FI ZMUL ;FD|F¾IJFN SF4 X[QF ICL p5RFZ Pcc*&
lC8,ZL VlEDFGL ;FD|F¾IJFN G[ ~; S[ CFYM D]CSL BF>
VF{Z p;SF V\T C]VF P ;FD|F¾IJFN SF V\T VF{Z DH³N}ZvlS;FGL
;eITF S[ ~5 D[ \ 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZWFZF SL lJHI .G XaNM\ D[ \
N[lB/ v
ccVlEDFGL ;FD|F¾IFJFN G[
5U 5U D] ¥CSL BF>
;A G[ SCF VFH N[BL
HGTF SL 5|YD ,0F> Pcc*(
VF{nMlUS ÊF\lT VJxI CL C]> YL IC ÊF\lT VJxI CL
VFJSFI" YL lSgT] .;SF ,FE D]8Ÿ9LEZ 5} ¥HLJFlNIM\ SM CL lD,F
HA lS .;S[ 5}6" VlWSFZL DH³N}ZvlS;FG Y[ P .;l,/ 5} ¥HLJFlNIM\
SL .; VgIFIL GLlT SF V\T VJxI CL CMGF YF VF{Z ~; S[ äFZF
IC C]VF EL4 c;]DGc HL S[ XaN N[lB/ v
457
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
ccNM ;F{ JQFM " SL VF{nMlUS
pgGlT SFD G VF>
AL; JQF" S[ 5õ[ G[ HA
lGH T,JFZ p9F>
,FXM\ ;[ 58³ U> WlZ+L
JCL B}G SL GlNIF¥
SEL ;MlJIT ~; ,0³F YF
IFN SZ[ \UL ;lNIF¥ Pcc*)
HFU'lT SF 5lZ6FD IC C]VF lS OFl;:8 TFSTM\ SF 1FI CM
UIF P lS;L EL 5lZJT"G S[ l,/ HFU'lT VF{Z ;\U9G VFJxIS C{ P
.;S[ ;FYv;FY TFS³T VF CL HFTL C{ P 5|UlTJFNL VF\NM,G S[
O,:J~5 OF;LJFN S[ lJ~â SL HFU'lT CL p;SL TFST AG U>
VF{Z ,}8[Z[ OFl;:TM\ SF ;OFIF C]VF P c;]DGc HL S[ XaN N[lB/ v
ccHU[ JLZ4 HFUL J;]gWZF
HFUL I]U SL ¾JF,F
ICF¥ ,}8[Z[ OFl;:TM SM
50³F DF{T ;[ 5F,F Pcc(_
.; ;FD|F¾IJFNL OFl;:8 DFGl;STF G[ ;lNIM\ TS XMQF64
VgIFI VF{Z VtIFRFZ SF S}RÊ R,FSZ HGTF SF B}G R};F YF P
.;S[ 5|TLS C{ \ lC8,Z4 TFHM VF{Z D];Ml,GL P ,[lSG .; HFU'lT SL
VluG SM lSTG[ EL VtIFRFZM \4 VGFRFZM\ ;[ A]hF GCL 5FI[ VF{Z
p;SF ;FD|F¾I wJ\; CM UIF P SlJ c;]DGc S[ XaNM\ SM N[lB/ v
458
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
cclC8,Z4 TMHM4 D];Ml,GL G[
V\H]l, EZ EZ ZÉT p,LRF
5Z G A]hL IC
5Z G A]hL IC
:JI\ A]h[ J[4 lHG CFYM\ G[
DFGJTF SF ìNI RLZ SZ .;SM ;L\RF P
lKgGvlEgG OFl;:TJFN SL RAL" RlR"T
HL6"vXL6" ;FD|F¾IJFN SL ~> HH"lZT
.;[ lD, U>4 lOZ ÉIF SCGF4
O0³S[ VWZ4 GFl;SF O},L4 VF¥B[ TDSL Pcc(!
.; 5|SFZ ;EL ;D:IFVM\ SF D}, ;FD|F¾IJFN4 5}¥HLJFN C{ P
VFH TS S[ .lTCF; SF ,[BFvHMBF N[B[ \ TM ;FDFgI HGTF SL
;D:IFVM\ S[ D}, D[ \ ICL C{ P VTo D},E}T 5lZJT"G .;D[ \ CMGF
RFlC/ P ;FD|F¾IJFN4 O³l;:TJFN VF{Z 5} ¥HLJFN SF GFX SZS[ CL
.G ;D:IFVM\ ;[ lG58FZF 5F ;ST[ C{ P c;]DGc HL UZLAL VF{Z XMQF6 SF
D}, .gCL\ ;FD|F¾IJFN VF{Z 5} ¥HLJFNL jIJ:YF SM DFGT[ C{ P VTo I[
/[;L jIJ:YF SF lJZMW SZT[ C{ P
&@?@*&@?@*&@?@*&@?@*&@?@* XMlQFTJU" S[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT4 ;\J[NGXL,TFXMlQFTJU" S[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT4 ;\J[NGXL,TFXMlQFTJU" S[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT4 ;\J[NGXL,TFXMlQFTJU" S[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT4 ;\J[NGXL,TFXMlQFTJU" S[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT4 ;\J[NGXL,TFVF{Z HFU'lT SF ;\N[XVF{Z HFU'lT SF ;\N[XVF{Z HFU'lT SF ;\N[XVF{Z HFU'lT SF ;\N[XVF{Z HFU'lT SF ;\N[X
5} ¥HLJFNL VY"jIJ:YF S[ 5lZ6FD :J~5 ;DFH D[ \ DH³N}Z
lS;FG VF{Z VFD VFNDL HM WlGS GCL\ C{ \4 JC 5Ll0³T C{ P XMQFS
459
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
JU" lH;D[ \ O{É8=L S[ DFl,S4 ;[9v;FC]SFZ4 H³DLNFZ4 pnMU5lT4
XlÉTDFG /J\ ;¿FJFG ZFHG[TF VFlN VFT[ C{ \ J[ V5G[ :JFY" SM
l;â SZG[ S[ l,/ DH³N}ZM \4 lS;FGM\ VF{Z DwIJUL"I VFD VFNDL SF
XMQF6 SZT[ C{ \4 pGS[ SFZ6 CL A[ZMH³UFZL A-³TL C{ VF{Z pGD[ \ ;[ CL
UZLAL A-³TL C{ P E}BDZ[ SL l:YlT S[ l,/ EL ICL 5} ¥HLJFNL VF{Z
HDFBMZL /J\ SF,FAFH³FZL SZS[ D]GFOF SDFG[JF,[ D]GFO³FBMZ
;[9v;FC]SFZ VFT[ C{ \ P pnMU5lT SD J[TG D[ \ VlWS SFD SZJF S[
DH³N}ZM SF XMQF6 SZT[ C{ \4 TM A0³ [vA0³ [ H³DLNFZ lS;FG /J\ XlÉT
;d5gG ZFHG[TFVM\ SL VGLlTIM\ /J\ XMQFS DFGl;STF S[ SFZ6
lS;FGM\4 DH³N}ZM /J\ VFD DwIJUL"I VFNDL SF XMQF6 CMTF C{ P
DH³N}ZM \4 lS;FGM \ /J\ VFD DwIJUL"I VFNDL SL l:YlT VtI\T
NIGLI C{ VF{Z AN ;[ AN¿Z l:YlT D[ \ pgC[ \ HLJGIF5G SZGF 50³TF
C{ P c;]DGc HL /[;[ ,MUM\ S[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT ZBT[ C]/ ;\J[NGXL,TF
SL EFJGF jIÉT SZT[ C{ \ VF{Z pG XMlQFTM\ SM V5G[ VlWSFZM\ S[
5|lT HFU'T CMG[ SF ;\N[X EL N[T[ C{ \ P XCZM\ D[ \ /[;[ V;\bI ,MU C\ {
lHgC[ \ 3Z GCL\ C{ \ P J[ ,MU D[CGTSX /[;[ zlDS C{ \ HM .TGL S0³L
D[CGT S[ AFJH}N NM JÉT SL ZM8L TS GCL\ SDF ;ST[ VF{Z V5G[
5lZJFZ SF U]HFZF SZG[ D[ \ Sl9G ;\3QF" SZT[ C{ \ P /[;[ V;\bI
5lZJFZM\ SM S50³ EL plRT DF+F D[ \ G;LA GCL\ CMT[4 J[ :JrK EL
GCL\ ZC 5FT[ ÉIM\lS :JrK 5FGL VF{Z GCFG[ SL 5|FYlDS VFJxISTF
EL pgC[ G;LA GCL\ CMTL P /[;L D},E}T VFJxISTFVM\ SL J\lRTTF
S[ SFZ6 I[ ,MU U\ELZ ALDFlZIM\ S[ EL lXSFZ AG HFT[ C{ P pGSL
460
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
.; NIGLI NXF S[ 5|lT c;]DGc HL SL ;CFG]E}lT /J\ ;\J[NGXL,TF
cA[3ZAFZc SlJTF SL .G 5\lÉTIM\ D[ \ N[lB/ v
cc.; VMZ 50³L BFGFvANMX
D[CGTSX DFGJ SL 5F¥T[
O]85FYM\ SL RÎFGM\ 5Z
HM SF8 ZCL V5GL ZFT[ \
Zl1FT C{ \ VFH ,¥UM8L 5Z
C{ \ S^9 AM,T[ 3ZZ 3ZZ
VF ZCL V;C N]U"gW 5;LG[
VF{Z RLY0³M \ ;[ hZvhZ
S]K NDF T5[lNS ;[ A[ND
S]K BF¥; ZC[ C{ \ 50³ [v50³ [
;d5l¿ O8L lDZH¥> VF{Z
VWH,L ALl0³IM\ S[ 8]S0³ [ cc(2
/[;[ J\lRT XMlQFT VF{Z lEBFZL ;N'QF DFGJ SL CF,T VtI\T
XMRGLI /J\ NIGLI CMTL C{ P .;S[ SFZ6 VF{Z VYF"EFJ S[ SFZ6
;DFH D[ \ /[;[ DG]QIM\ SM plRT :YFG DFG /J\ 5|lTQ9F GCL\ lD,
5FT[4 pgC[ \ E}Bv%IF; lD8FG[ S[ l,/ V5G[ CFYM\ SM N};ZM\ S[ ;D1F
O{,FGF 50³TF C{ P ,MU pGSL VMZ lTZ:SFZ /J\ 3'6F SL N'lQ8
;[ N[BT[ C{ P /[;L l:YlTJF,[ ,MUM\ S[ 5|lT c;]DGc HL SL ;CFG]E}lT
/J\ ;\J[NGXL, cCFI ¦ GCL\ IC N[BF HFTFc SlJTF SL .G 5\lÉTIM\
D[ \ N[lB/ v
461
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
ccCFY 5{Z U, U/ RF8T[
B}G 5L5 lDlzT BFG[ SM
,MU O[Z ,[T[ D]B HA
lWlWIFSZ JC lGH SZ O{,FTF
CFI GCL\ IC N[BF HFTF
V5G[ CL EF> lH;SM lGT
Y} Y} SC SZ N}Z C8FT[
GZv5X] lH;[ ;Dh S]¿[ EL
EM\SvEM\S SZ N}Z EUFT[
lTZ:SFZ V5DFG 3'6F ;A
;C JC lOZ EL HLTF HFTF
CFI GCL\ IC N[BF HFTF Pcc(#
E}B SL VFU ¾J,\T CMTL C{ VF{Z .;L E}B SL VFU D[ \
DG]QI S[ ;dAgWvGFT[vlZxT[ VF{Z ;\J[NGXL,TF GQ8 CM HFT[ C{ \ P
E}B S[ XDG S[ l,/ jIlÉT S]K EL SZ ;STF C{ VF{Z VrK[vA}Z[
SF4 GLlTvVGLlT SF bIF, EL pgC[ GCL\ ZCTF V5G[ CL ArRM\ SL
ZM8L KLGG[ S[ l,/ AFwI AG HFTF C{ P c;]DGc HL SL cCFI ¦ GCL\
IC N[BF HFTFc SFjI SL .G 5\lÉTIM\ D[ \ UZLA SL VF{Z E}B 5Ll0³T
jIlÉT SL NLGvNXF SF lR+6 N[lB/ v
cclH;S[ ArR[ N}WvN}W Z8
AFZLvAFZL :JU" l;WFZ[
O8[ RLY0³M \ D[ \ l,58L
A{9L lH;SL ZFGL DG DFZ[
462
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
KFTL 5Z 5tYZ WZ 5F5L
5[8 S[ l,/ HA lD, SM HFTF
CFI GCL\ IC N[BF HFTF
p;;[ EL ELQF6 HA DFGJ
jIFS], E}BvE}B lR<,FTF
V5G[ CL ArR[ SL ZM8L KLG
pNZ SL ¾JF, A]hFTF
ArRF A[A; ZMTF ZMTF
E}BF T0³5 T0³5 DZ HFTF
CFI GCL\ IC N[BF HFTF Pcc($
S]5MQF6 UZLAL VF{Z E}BDZL SL l:YlT D[ \ jIlÉT SL EZL
HJFGL CM TM EL p;SF R[CZF VSF, CL J'âFJ:YF 5|F%T SZ R]SF
CM /[;F 5|TLT CMTF C{ P pGSF 5}ZF XZLZ DFGM HLlJT S\SF, CM
/[;F 5|TLT CMTF C{ P c;]DGc HL SL cIC lS;SF S\SF, 50³F C{c
SlJTF SL .G 5\lÉTIM\ D[ \ ;CFG]E}lT /J\ ;\J[NGXL,TF SL EFJGF
N[lB/ v
ccEZL HJFGL D[ \ CL .;S[
R[CZ[ 5Z 50³ U> h]lZIF¥
5LA l5Rl5RFTL XZLZ D[ \
EGG EGG SZ ZCL\ DlÉBIF¥
ÉIF DFGJ4 .; TZC lGZFlzT
WZTL 5Z A[CF, 50³F C{
IC lS;SF S\SF, 50³F C{ Pcc(?
463
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
/[;[ U],FD4 XMlQFT lS;FGM\4 DH³N}ZM \4 5Ll0TM\ VF{Z DH³,}DM
SM V5G[ D},E}T VlWSFZM\ S[ 5|lT HFU'T CMSZ pGS[ l,/ ,0³G[
SL4 /S CMG[ SL ;LB /J\ ;\N[X EL c;]DGcHL N[T[ C{ \ P cDF:SM VA
EL N}Z C{c SlJTF SL .G 5\lÉTIM\ äFZF c;]DGc HL /STF SF ;\N[X
N[T[ C]/ SCT[ C{ \ v
ccAM,[ ArR[ VFVM lD,SZ
lOZ JC UFGF UFVM
N]lGIF EZ S[ DH³,}DM\ VA
VFH /S CM HFVM Pcc(&
N]lGIFEZ S[ XMlQFTM\ SM /S AGSZ Al,NFG S[ l,/ T{IFZ
CM HFG[ SF ;\N[X c;]DGc HL N[T[ C{ \ ÉIM\lS HFU'lT S[ lAGF VtIFRFZ
/J\ VgIFI S[ lJZ]â I]â GCL\ CM ;STF VTo /[ÉI /J\ HFU'lT
VFJxIS C{ P .;S[ l,/ Al,NFG EL VFJxIS C{ P c;]DGc HL S[
XaNM\ D[ \ pGSL c5ZL1FF NMc SlJTF SL I[ 5\lÉTIF¥ N[lB/ v
ccO} ¥SM HI zL SF X\B VFH
Al, SL X]E A[,F VF 5C] ¥RL
Al,NFGL ¦ VFH 5ZL1FF NM
Al, SL X]E A[,F VF 5C] ¥RL@@@
HH"lZT VDF¥ SF VgWSFZ
5|:O]l8T pQFF SL V~6 lSZ6
I]UDFGJ4 VFH CY[,L 5Z
464
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
;Z WZ SZ 0F,M DZ6JZ6@@@
I]U SL JF6L AG ,,SFZM
A,L SL X]E A[,F VF 5C] ¥RL
Al,NFGL ¦ VFH 5ZL1FF NM
Al, SL X]E A[,F VF 5C] ¥RL Pcc(*
N]lGIFEZ D[ \ 5|UlT SF X\B O}¥SF HF ZCF C{4 RFZM\ VMZ ÊF\lT
SL4 5|UlT SL VF{Z lJSF; SL U\UFvID]GF AC ZCL CM TA ;MGF SCF¥
TS plRT C{ m .;L VF,:I S[ SFZ6 5NvNl,T 5LK[ ZC U/ C{ P
.;l,/ /[ÉI EFJGF ;[ HFU'T AGSZ4 CFY ;[ CFY lD,FSZ4 7FG SL
DXF, H,FSZ N]lGIFEZ S[ 5NNl,TM\ SF CFY A-³FGF CMUF P p;D[ \
HFU'lT SF ;\N[X4 O{,FGF CMUF P SlJ c;]DGc SL cG> VFU C{ G>
VFU C{c SlJTF SL 5\lÉTIF¥ N'Q8jI C{ v
ccT]D 5LK[ ZC U/
ACF U\UFvID]GF D[ \ lSTGF 5FGL
UlT JF,[ AC U/@@@
VFVM4 p8Ÿ9M4 SZM T{IFZL
AFSL VEL T]dCFZL AFZL
VFC]lT ,FVM
VFH NL5 ;[ NL5 H,FVM
CFY A-³FVM4 ,M DXF,4 VFU[ A-³ HFVM
N]lGIF EZ S[ 5NNl,TM\ SF CFY A8FVM Pcc((
465
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
.; 5|SFZ c;]DGc HL XMlQFTM\4 5NNl,TM\4 5Ll0TM\4 U],FDM\4
lS;FGM\4 DH³N}ZM \ VF{Z VFD VFNDL /J\ DwIJU" S[ 5|lT ;\J[NGXL,
C{ VF{Z pGS[ 5|lT ;CFG]E}lT SL EFJGF 5|S8 SZT[ C{4 pGS[ 5|lT
/[;L SMZL EFJGF G ZBSZ p;D[ \ V5G[ VlWSFZM\ S[ 5|lT HFU'lT
,FSZ pGSM é5Z p9FG[ SF HFU'lT SF ;\N[X EL J[ N[T[ C{ \P c;]DGc
HL SF IC lJRFZv51F lGlxRT CL XMlQFTM\ D[ R{TgI HFU'lT SF
p¿D VF{Z ;A, DFwID C{ /[;F CD lGlJ"JFN~5 ;[ SC ;ST[ C{ \ P
&@?@( ;D;FDlIS4 ;D:IFVM \ SF VF,[BG&@?@( ;D;FDlIS4 ;D:IFVM \ SF VF,[BG&@?@( ;D;FDlIS4 ;D:IFVM \ SF VF,[BG&@?@( ;D;FDlIS4 ;D:IFVM \ SF VF,[BG&@?@( ;D;FDlIS4 ;D:IFVM \ SF VF,[BG
SM> EL SlJ IF ;FlCtISFZ V5GL ;DSF,LGTF SM GH³ZNFH³
GCL\ SZ ;STF P ;D;FDlIS 5lZJ[X p; 5Z VJxI CL 5|EFJ
0F,TF C{ P V5G[ ;DI SL ;D:IFVM\ SF VF,[BG pgC[ \ SZGF CL
50³TF C{ P c;]DGc HL EL ;DSF,LGTF ;[ VK}T[ GCL\ ZC 5F/ C{ \ P
pgCM\G[ ;D;FDlIS ;D:IFVM\ SF VF,[BG lSIF C{4 ICF¥ CD c;]DGc
HL SL ;D;FDlIS ;D:IFVM\ S[ VF,[BG 5Z RRF" SZ[ \U[ P
&@?@(@! A\UF, SF EIFGS VSF,&@?@(@! A\UF, SF EIFGS VSF,&@?@(@! A\UF, SF EIFGS VSF,&@?@(@! A\UF, SF EIFGS VSF,&@?@(@! A\UF, SF EIFGS VSF,
A\UF, D[ \ ;GŸ !)$# >@ SF EIFGS VSF, 5|FS'lTS
VF5NF SF EIFJC ~5 YF P A\UF, .; VSF, SL R5[8 D[ \
VFSZ H],; UIF YF P .; VSF, D[ \ lSTG[ CL ,MU D'tI]
SM 5|F%T CM U/ P Ul,IM\4 ;0³SM\4 O}85FYM\ 5Z E}B ;[
T0³5T [ C ]/ ,MU A[CF, CMSZ HLlJT S\SF, SL TZC
.WZvpWZ E8S ZC[ Y[ P /Sv/S VgG S[ NFG[ \ S[ l,/ ,MU
466
QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o QFQ9 VwIFI o cc;]DGcc S[ SFjI SF 5|UlTJFNL lJRFZv51Fcc
DMCTFH CM U/ Y[ P cS,S¿[ SF VSF,v!)$#c GFD
c;]DGc SL SlJTF SL .G 5\lÉTIM\ D[ \ VSF, SL EIFJCTF
N[lB/ v
ccCFI4 ;]G ZC[ S,S¿[ D[ \
O{,F 3MZ VSF,
SF,vUF, D[ \ ;DF U/
lSTG[ DF> S[ ,F,
Ul,IM\ ;0³SM\ O]85FYM\ 5Z
1F]WFvU|:T A[CF,
HUCvHUC T0³5 ZC[ C{ \
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