Rajasthan Detail

7/24/2019 Rajasthan Detail

1/33

jktLFkku lkekU; Kku

jktLFkku ds laHkkx

tks?kiqj t;iqj mn;iqj Hkjriqj vtesaj chdkusj -dksVk

jktLFkku ds ftys ,oea laHkkx

1- tks?kiqj

7- t;iqj 12mn;iqj

18-Hkjriqj

22-vtesaj

26-chdkusj

30-dksVk

2- ikyh 8->qa>uq

13-!rk"#$

%

1&-djk"yh

23-uk$k"j

27-'uqeku

$%

31-ckjka

3-(jks'h

&- nk")k 1*-i+rki$%

20-),k.ek/kksiqj

2*-Vk"d

28- !q 32-canh

*-ck#esaj

10- vy,j 1-#q$jiqj

21-/kksyiqj

2-Hkhy,k#k

2&-$a$ku$j

33->kyk,k#k

-tkyk"j

11- )hdj 16-jkt)ean

6-t")yesj

17-cak),k#k

tks/kiqj

i+k!hu uke );. u$jh )k4d5rd

jkt/kkuhjkt4kku m! ;k;ky; tks/kiqjjk9Vh; vk;q,s.n ,:, ,ky; tks/kiqj,/k ,:, ,ky; tks/kiqj

jk9Vh; vk;q,.


2/33

Hkq,us:,j );. eanj@)!;k ekrk eanj vks),kyks dh dqy ns,h @ tks/kiqjt"u eanj i+r'kjksa dh i+k!hu jkt/kkuh tks/kiqj eA#ksj@es'jku$% nq$. e;qj /,t $% !#B;k Vqd

i'k#Bh 3 rksi dydyk :kCHkqckAk $tuhDkk=

tks/kiqj

Hkqjs Dkk= dh etkj $qyke Dkk= dk edcjk tks/kiqjd eukj e4tn $qyj dk yqnkui+ke EFe (Vh tks/kiqjns:kh /kh dh i+ke eA#h tks/kiqji+ke thjk eA#h tks/kiqj Hkn,k)h;k@

jkt4kku dk rkt e'y t),r k#Bk tks/kiqjGhrj e'y vthr Hk,u i+ke 'sjhVt 'ksVy tks/kiqj

33 djks#B ns,hns,rkvksa dh )ky eA#ksj tks/kiqjve5rk ns,h vH;kjA; , esyk Dkst#Byhe!;k )Ekjh vH;kjAk , esyk e5$ ,u/kk,k #ksyh vH;kjAk dkys 'jAkks ds yIcky )ean >hy dk;ykuk >hy tks/kiqj esadktjh )a4kku tks/kiqjcjrqyk Dkk=u d+dsV 4Vs#;e tks/kiqji:kq :kks/k ds yI )a4kku:ksDkk,Vh u4ydh Id ekJ cuk )h$ u4y '"@

dktjh )a4kku tks/kiqj

t),r )k$j ck=/k K!;kd cka/k tks ck#B easVqV $;k kk tks/kiqj

eyey e!. L;kt ),k./kd ekkAk;kjkM; esa dk i+kr dks;yk vrjr ctyh ?kj cki esa

e'k eanj ukk )Ci+nk; dh i+eqDk ihN tks/kiqj),k./kd ijrh Hke ,kyk tyk tks/kiqj$qyt$ ds eyd) E"OVh tks/kiqj

)c)s M;knk jkM; jktek$. tks/kiqj

jk9Vh; jktek$k.s dh ),k./kd yCck. tks/kiqji+ke )k"j Ptk. )a!kyr ckys:kj tks/kiqjjkt4kku )$hr ukVd vdkneh tks/kiqjik;ku )a4kku dksey dksNkjh @ cksnk esaekj,k#B dh iuk /kk; ik/kk;ekj,k#B dh uqj t'k= $qykc jk;


3/33

,yk;rh ccqy )s ctyh cukus dh ij;kstuk yksyk,k) esa

!keqA#k ekrk eanj tks/kiqj ) eanj esaHk$n# ds djAk d. yks$ ekjs $;s ks

tks/kiqj

)Esn (esaV dk )c)s c#Bk dkjDkkuk Dkkj;k Dk$kj

cknyk tyikJ tks/kiqj

)c)s :kq9d 4kku Eyk"nh tks/kiqj

ikyh

i+k!hu uke ikyhdk)kstr nq$. es'nh eA#h )kstr

)Q;k$+' mku 187 d dkr dsn+Nkdqjdq:kky (' ds usrQ, esa @ vkP,k

ikyh dh )hek y$rh '" ),k./k.d vkN tyksesa

e/kjk yksddF;kAk eA#y ikyhia+ke Eksjs)d )ka) y"c ikyh

i+ke Vh$+sVs# V"O) Vk.F) ikd. usO)dCiuh Rkjk 4kkKr

ikyh

i:!eh jkt4kku dk )c)s c#Bk ck/k '" )sekj,k#B dk ve5r )jks,j d'rs '" @

t,k. ck/k

1*** DkCHkks ij 4kr '" 4rCHkksa dk ,u!kaseqDkk t"u eanj JyksO; i+)kn !rqeqDk tui+)kn ,":;k eanj , Hk$,ku vknukk dk eanj ;'

jAkdiqj '"

jAkdiqj t"u eanj

eqGyk e'k,hj th dk eanj /kkAksjk, esa

jkrk e'k,hj th dk t"u eanj ikyh

$ksres:,j esyk Hkqj;k ckck @ ehAkk )eqnk; dkesyk

i:kq jke th dk $qEk ihj e4rku dh nj$k' '" ikyh

Dkqnk cO:k ckck dh nj$k' '" )kn#Bhuhjk ukr;k Dkqjn jkens, th dk esayk

!ksVhyk ihj %qys :kk' dh nj$k' dsjyk 4Vs:ku ij


4/33

ckyh i:kq esyk uCckt i:kq esyk ikyh

ehjk ck. dk te 4kku dq#Bdh

Sh mCesn ehy )c)s c#Bh )qrh ,4J ehy ikyh

jksgh

),k./kd P!k. ,kyk tyk , u$j (jks'h$q :kDkj P!k. 1722)arks dk :kDkj du.# Vk"#),k./kd vkn+. 4kku jkt4kku dk :keyk),k./kd ns:kh i;.Vd ;'k= ij vkrs '"

ekmAV vkc

TAUAU dk eqD;ky; (jks'h

dq,kjh d;k dk eanj (jks'hj(;k ckyd dk eanj (jks'hjkM; dk dk i'yk dks )su (Vh tksu ekmAV vkcny,k#k t"u eanj usehukk , vknukk@ (jks'hvcqnk. ekrk dk eanj ,:k9N eanj (jks'hcktAkk $Aks:k eanj (jks'h),k./kd )sc dh Dksrh ekmAV vkc!=n+k,rh ijekjks dh jkt/kkuhi+tkirh c+e dqekjh ,:,,ky; (jks'h)"j ckn:kk' dh nj$k' (jks'h$+h9e , :khr e'ksQ), ekmAV vkc)c)s P!h >hy uOdh >hyvkcqjks#B (jks'h

jkM; dk )c)s c#Bk dkjDkkuk )qysVj dk

ckMesaj

i+k!hu uke kheky ck'# ns, usc)k;k kk@kkj eks'Q), ck#esaj:k,kAkk nq$. dksV dk nq$. 'kikdksVnq$.

ck#esaj

eyhukk i:kq easyk ry,k#Bk


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),k./kd Dkut rsy mQiknu k"J ck#esaj2006 esa ck# vk"ijs:ku jyE ch-I)-IE- Rkjk!yk. $. ij;kstuk

d,k) $k=,

Dkkjs ikuh dk sehNs ikuh esa cukus dh

;kstuk

)qtye ;kstuk

,:, dk )c)s c#k )a)nh; k"J '"T t")yesaj , ck#esjja$k. , Gik. yAkh unh ckyksrjk rd ehNhm)ds ckn Dkkjh 'ks tkrh '"@

ckyksrjk

Dkkjs ikuh dh >hy ;'k= dk ued ),k.Qre ued'" rkk ;' ued Dkkj,ky tkr cukrh '"@

i!aHkn+k >hy

Hkkjrh; jsy , i+:kkAk vuq)a/kku dsn+ck#Besaj rst $r )s !yus ,kyh $k#;ks dhtk=! djuk

ck#esaj

c+C'k th dk enj vk)ksrjk $k=,P=V ?kks#k Hk"# cdjh $a/kk),k./k.d'"

ck#esaj

?kks#ks dk rhk. 4kku vkye th dk /kksjkjkt4kku dks Dktqj'ks Hkh cksyrs '" djk#es,k u$j Hkh da'rs '" ;' t"u eanj ds yIi+(R '"

ukdks#Bk rhk.

ik:,.ukk t"u enj dk miuke 'kk dk

'qtqj tk$rh tk"r@

ck#esaj

iQkj ekj 'ksyh ck#esajvtjd , eyj K+V mQre ekus tkrs '" ck#esaj$ksn mQiknu ds yI i+(n '" !k"'kVu $k=,

jkM; dk i'yk yWukV vk/kkjr ctyh ?kj $jy $ka, esaeyVjh vk#.us:k E"OVh :k, $ka, esans:k dh )c)s i'yh vk"jAk ia!k;r %ksd $k=,equkckc 4Vs:ku vre 4Vs:ku;'k= ij chukV"O) :kjkc eyrh '"@

Hkkj IO)i+s)

jAkGks# nk) eanj Dks# $k=, esa,jkrjk ekrk eanj ck#esaj esa;'k= ij rsj,h Ekujh y$s$h yykyk $k=,vrjk9Vh.; , vrjkM;h; )hek cukus ,kyh )hekGksVh

ck#esaj esa

GLiu dh i'k#B;k= ck#esaj esa


6/33

tkykSj

i+k!hu uke tkcyhiqjmiuke ),Ak. u$jh $qykch

$a+sukV )hVhjkt4kku dk iatkc )ka!k"j)ka!k"j dk iqjkuk uke )Q;iqjdke/ksu e'kQ), ikes#Bk $k=, esavk"/kks$d k"J )s KG#k tyk tkyk"jekyd :kk' ihj m). dk esyk Hkueky $k=, esace.$qLr ek/k d, dk te 4kku;'=k ij '"u)k$ !uh ;kJh us ;kJk dh @

Hkueky $k=, esa

trh mks$ tkyk"j esa

;'k= ij ty/kj ukk dh )ek/k '" )hjs dk eanjdke/ksuq ,:, ,ky; iHkes#k $k=, estkyk"j dk dyk ),Ak. $jh

dka!u$jh )ksuky$%i+ke jksi ,s tkyk"j esa)qu/kk ekrk i,.r tkyk"j esa i+ke HkkyvH;kjAk

tkyk"j esa

)c)s c#Bh nq/k #s;jh jkuh,k#Bk $k=, esavykm@hu Dkyth dh e4tn tkyk"j esa

)qDk#Bh unh tkyk"j esa

tSlyesj

i+k!hu uke ekA#),k./kd rkikrj ,kyk tyk t")yesj4kkiuk t")y HkkVh Rkjk)qukj$% nq$. ) nq$. esa !qus dk i+;ks$ u'h'qvk '"

4,Ak. $jh Hkh d'rs'"

),k./kd X;k. Hkqe,kyk tyk t")yesj),k./kd ,k9LkksQ).u ,kyk tyk t")yesjruk"V ekrk enj kkj dh ,"9Akks ns,h @ )"uk dh ns,hd"VsO) $k#.u dqy/kjk $k=, esa

jkM; dk )c)s c#k mku ;'k= $ks#k,Ak ikhHkh eyrk '"@

jk9Vh; emkut")yesj


7/33

;ure tu ?kuQ, t")yesji,u Ptk. dh ),k./kd )CHkk,uk ,kyk tyk t")yesj),k./kd i+kd5rd $") t")yesajKyk $+sukV ),k./kd t")yesj

jkd Ek4EsV dk HkA#kj cjeku;k $k=, esaeqey dh es#h t"uenj yksnDkk $k=, esadkdusHk e)qjnh unhvkady ,q# Es(y ikd. t,k:e ikd.

jkt4kku dk :kOr 4ky iksdjAk 1&7*&8)c)s c#Bk iq4rdky; iksdjAkuY:kqFd uhe c"d iksdjAk

jkens, th dk esyk ;'k= ij rsj' rkyh u5Q; d;ktkrk '" dke#B tkr Rkjk@

jkens,jk

eyVjh vk#.us:ku E"OVh :k, $ka,ikV,ks dh ',syh t")yesj esa $qeku!ncksEuk Rkjk cu,k. $. kh:kkye ('aa dh ',syh

t")yesj

ukey th dh ',syh;' ',syh 'kkh , yquk nksHkk;ks us cu,k. kh

t")yesj

I:k;k dk )c)s P!k Vh-,h- Vk,j jke$%),.Ss9N u4y ds P=V uk!uk P=V@ t")yesj esa

jkM; dk i'yk !kjk c"d eks'u$% $k=,

e e'ksQ), vk"j #stV. )Ekjh t")yesjkkj dk ?k#Bk d'k tkrk '" !nu uydi dksi+ke i,u Ptk. ;kstuk vej )$jiqAk.r;k ,u4ir j'r k"J )e$=k, esac#s ck$ dh Grj;k= t")yesaj esa

t;iqj

i+k!hu uke t;u$jjkM; dh jkt/kkuh t;iqjmiuke i,. dk isj) $qykch u$j

nq)jk ,5nk,u


8/33

),k. t;('a Rrh; Rkjk 18 u,Ccj 1727 esa:kFih ,k/kj HkVk!k;. ds uns.:ku dsdj,k;k

t;iqj dk uek.Ak

jke ('a Rrh; us 1&63 esa i+s) vFc.V ds

vk$eu esa t;iqj dks i+nku d;k

$qykch ja$

),k./kd ,/kku )Hkk )hVs t;iqj ,/kku )Hkk 200yksd)Hkk 2@

e'kjkuh dh Grjh t;iqj$asVksj dh Grjh;k= ds,y )a,k. .:,jh('a dh Grjh u'h '" @

:kk'h :ke:kku ?kkV

Sj$k )qrh .:,jh ('a Rkjk ue.r (Vh i"ys)!n e'y @

.:,j ykV

),k. i+rki (' Rkjk ue.r 17&& eas tye'y ',ke'y)keksn e'y t;iqjvFc.V 'ksy eksrh #q$jh trj erj ),k.t;(' Rrh; Rkjk ue.r ,"/k:kkyk ;'k= ij

jke;J '"@

173*

iuk ehAkk dh ck,#Bh vkesj esa$yrk th $k"re Z9k dk vkSet;,yk) mku jkeck$ ds)j HkA#kjAk dk ck$!jd mi,u jke,yk) mku j,n+ j$ae!@ '"

()ksn;k jkuh dk e'y , ck$ ds)jj O;kjheks'u ck#Bh@

t;iqj dk mku

)kHakj )kFV C;qt;e , ued mQiknu ),k./kd eqckjd e'yjkekunh )Ci+nk; dh ihN t;iqj ds cukj) dsuke ds i+!hu i,J dqA#

eadh ,"yh

i+ke ystj (Vh dkCLysO) anjk $ka/kkhdk Id ekJ eanj ,:, esa ) iA#r chu:kek. us cu,k;k kk

v!jksy esa

Hkkjr dk )c)s c#Bk nqW/k i"d$a 4Vs:ku dksViqryh

i+ke t",d mku uk'j$% dk dyk miuke)qn:k.uk $%

uk'j$%

Id t")s uk" e'y uk'j $% esai+ke )kcj O;ks)d dky#sjk!k"eq dk dyk /kkjk ?kkV $% !k"eqi+ke vk=,yk eA#h t;iqj


9/33

M,kyk ekrk dh ihN tks$usjnknq ik dh ihN ukjk;Akk$k",:k ),n5.u dk;. ca:khi+ke $+ke ;k;ky; i+ke !e. Lyktk dsn+ t;iqj

ik dh uk$y t;iqjdq%k$k=, 'kkh $k=,$/kksa dk esyk yAk;k dk ck)dkyk )$ej ;'k= udkyrk '" Hk")ykukI:k;k dk ehVj $st dk )c)s c#Bk tOa:ku '"T Eysjk

jkM; dk i'yk vk/kqud V"O)Vky ikd. (yk"jki+ke 'k#.,s;j V"Ouksyksth ikd.tkstksck dh Id ek! u).jh #A# Eke. easT

dqd)

i:kq iks9kk'kj );J tke#ksyh

i+ke ',k. v#5k )ka$kusj)ka$kusjh K+V dks ns,h Ghesa cksyrs '")k$kausjh dk$t

t;iqj

'kkh , :ksj )Ekjh uk'j$%c$ K+V c$$Ak$k"j dk esyk )kHkjc#Bh rht dh ),kjh , esyk )krk"#Bh rht

jkuh d$kAkk,rh us vius iqJ t$ra)a' dh eknesa uek.Ak dj,k;k , ) eanj esa tkas

er. '" m)dh iqtk ehjkck. djrh '"

c#Byk eanj :kkdCHkjheanj t$r (jkseAkh eanj

udVh ekrk eanj ckAk$a$k ekrk dk enj ,jkV u$j:khryk ekrk dk eanj !kd)q:khtk ekrk dk eanj vkesjdh GN ijd+ek 's#Bs

jkM; dh i+ke ukVd :kkyk $q#;ksa dk )$+k'y; jkei+dk:k k;sVj

jkteanj (usek ius dh )c)s c#Bh eA#htkyh uksV i+djAk ;k;ky;

t;iqj

)"uk dh nkAki:!eh deku dk eqD;ky; t;iqji+ke i+ksks$d ikd. )hrkiqjIs:k;k dh )c)s c#Bh eA#Bh Veh.uy ekds.Vi+ke 'k.Vsd ykc+sjh e'kjktk ykc+sjhi+ke ,sO) ,kj C;qt;e ekse dk )$+k'y;i+ke Vsyh es#)u )sVj IstsO) v4irky


10/33

i+ke ctus) #kd?kj t;iqji+ke k+h Vk;j Ek+sjs)d y"c .n$k'e4tn ckc dyk. ?kj isij ,sV )$+'ky; ik,

jtk.

t;iqj

jk9V; vk;q,.sn )a4kku t;iqj),k/k.d ihry dke t;iqj)$ejej dh eqr.;k t;iqj EqV),k./k.d tu ?kuQ, ,kyk tyk t;iqjm! ;k;ky; dh DkA#B ihN t;iqji+ke 4V=kd IO)!st t;iqjt$r$q jkekukk vk!k.; )a4d5r ,:,,ky;cyt dh i'k#B;k

t;iqj

,sjkN dh )H;rk t;iqj

,jkVu$j ;'k= )s v:kksd ds ysDk eys '" t;iqjjkM; dk )$ejej dk )c)s c#Bk Dkut ksJ vk/khi+ke nqjn:k.u dsn+ iqy) ,/kh ,


11/33

>qa>uq

rkc+ u$jh ),k./k.d rkck mQiknu 'nq4rkudk=ij yeVs# 4,keh th dh ,,sdkun@ ;'

Dksr#h nsu '"

Dksr#Bh

:ksDkk,Vh dh 4,Ak. u$jh miuke u,y$%B'sjhVst :kjkc rksykjke e4djk dh e'Ey Dkkukik"nkjks dh )ksus dh nqdku HkhQr !Jks dh4,Ak.e ikyh ds yI i+(@ '"

es'u)j

cV) )a4kku (jh )a4kku dsn+h;ysOVksud vHk;kaJdh )a4kku

KykAkh

vksiu vkV. $"yksjh ds uke )s i+(@ HkhQr

!Jks dh ',sy;k=

e#k,k

uj'# :kjhE dh nj$k' 'tjr :kOdj ckck miukeck$# dk /kAkh

!#k,k

i+ke )k"j Ptk. mid+e $ksjVi+k!hu )H;rk )qukjheqdkHku; ij vk/kkjr jkeyyk c)kPca/kst dk dk;. edn $%ty )jakAk 'ssrq i+(@ 4ek"d ijeky Dksr dh ijd+ek 2* dks9k dh ijd+ek yks'kj yNk

),k./kd iqi , $+kehAk )kkjrk nj >qa>uqiuk yky :kk' dh rkykc >qa>uqtks$h nk) dh Grjh Dksr#Bh e'y ck$ksj dkdyk eu)k dk eanj

>qa>uq

jkAkh )rh dk eanj >qa>uq

kSlk

Hkk#jt dh ck,#;k= nk")kvkHkku'jh dh !nu ck,#Bh nk")k'j)n ekrk dk eanj nk")ke'kjkAkk )k$ka dh e5Q;q c4,'


12/33

ek/kksjkt tqjk dk dyk nk")kvkynk dk cqcku;k daq# nk")k'tjr :ksDk :kk' teky ckck nk")k$sVsyk, ;' )ar nkn ds :k9; )qnj nk) dk 4ekjd

'"

nk")k

;'k= dh nj;k viuh dykQed cquk,k. ja$ks dh#tku ds yI i+(@ '"

y,kAk $k=,

cutkjks dh Grj;k= sa yky)ksV eeas'nhiqj ckykth eanj ;'k= 'ueku th dkeqrh. !VVku dk 'h Hkk$ '"

nk")k

##ky ds dGk,' jktkvks dh i+ke jkt/kkuh'"

nk")k

!yoj

i+k!hu uke vkrksj )F,dkd#,kyh vtc$% dyk uejkAk nq$. ckyk nq$.

jk9Vh; jkt/kkuh k"J esa vy,j vkrk '" us#k dh Grj;k:k'h :ke:kku ?kkV

cas'jks# i:kq esyk vy,jvk"ks$d u$j ),k./kd ,5'r mks$ ;'k= '"

),k./kd ,ns:kh dCiu;k= '"

Hkh,k#h

'js dcrjks ds yI i+(@ '" )j4dk vH;kjAkvF;nhu vkFe :kk' dk edcjk rtkjki+k!hu )"y !J ##hdji+ke Idhd5r vk"ks$d ikd. V;q#k d#k),k./kd cktjk mQiknu vy,j esa

jkt4kku dk 4dkVy"A# vy,jeq:khjkyh dh Grjh 8* DkCHkksa dh Grjh vy,je5r'jh dk esyk duE#sB ukkks dk rhk. vy,j

'uqeku th dh er. :keu eqn+k esa '" ik#qiksy 'uqekueanjek#,; Z9k dh riksHke rky,5kuhydAN e'kns, th dk eanj vy,jukjk;Akh ekrk dk eanj uk.;ks dh dqy n,h '"@

vy,j

dkekth iksVh. vy,j


13/33

,":;kvksa ds !J vy,j !J :k"yh esa)ysVh dyj dk iQkj vy,jvyhckh D;ky c)yks !JAk cks#.ij !JAk),k./kd ck"/k tkr vy,j

yy"A# V+d dk dkjDkkuk vy,jd tuik vk"j eQ); tuik vy,ji+kked tyk :kkk dk;.d+e 1&&& esa Dkkuiqjk esa

jktsn+ ('a tks'#sB ,kys ckck vy,jyk,k cka/k vy,ji+ke ty ,:, ,ky; vy,ji+ke L;kt eA#h vy,ji+ke Dksy $k=, tjk"yhd)ku vknksyu nks'jh #k;j :kk'h tyh;k,kyk

dka#@

uhea!Akk

i+ke eka#y tyk vy,j

lhdj

i+ke 'k.Vsd tyk ) tys dk vkdkj vn5.!n+;k L;kys t")k '"@

)hdj

i+ke d59k ,


14/33

";iqj

>hyks dh u$jh iq,. dk ,su) jkt4kku dk d:ehj miuke mn;iqj dses,k#B ds :kk)dks dks d'k= tkrk '" ;s 4,;a

dks Id y$ th dk n,ku d'rs '"

'nqvk )qjt

)c)s i+k!hu jkM; , ,a:k '" ()ksn;k ,a:k dk:kk)d

es,k#B dk i+k!hu uke es/kikN ijk ikN :k,tuik

ds)j;k ukk eanj ;' cqys, $k=, esa '" ,dksey u'h ds rV ij 4kr '"

Z9kHk ns, th dkeanj

es,k# dk Dktqjk'ks t$rt$r vCcdk dkeanj

)iuks esa cuk eanj t$nh:k eanjckAk $a$k ekrk dk eanj mn;iqj)k) c'q dk eanj ukjnk ds vnjt$u,k) t$eanj '" ') t$eanj dks nsDkdjrkte'y cukus dh i+sjAkk tk$+r 'q. kh

mn;iqj esa

Ers')k$j >hy mn;iqj esajkt4kku yksd dyk eA#y ns,h yky )k$j Rkjki+ke :kFd $+ke ',kyk $+kei+ke #sVy dk=yst mn;iqj esa

ns' ns,ky; ukjk;Ak )s,k )a4kku Rkjk ue.r ';iu I uksVksehikd.

i+ke 4kk. yksd vnkyr mn;iqj),k./kd tutkr;k= mn;iqjes,k#B mQ), mn;iqje'kjkAkk i+rki d59k ,:,,ky; mn;iqjck$ksj dh ',syh vej!n c#B,k us

cu,k.ckEuk ',syh mn;iqj

ekmVsu , EkmVsu :k'j mn;iqj!Jdkj rqydk ij9kn mn;iqj VdeaAk

vNk.) ,dk) ds yI()ksn;k ,:ka dh Grj;k= e'k)r;k )r,h) ns,jh

jk=d Ek4EsV , '4cs4Vk) ),k./kd 'ksrk '" >kej dksV#Bk esa:kh:kk t4rk !k=nh mQiknu esa 1&76 eAkO; tk,j esa


15/33

yky ,ek. vknetutkr :kks/k )a4kku mn;iqjEyck#h dh uky vH;kjAk eku)h ckdyk

un;ksa dk

)c)s GksVk vH;kjAk )Mtu $% vH;kjAkmn;iqj esa ),k./kd dqCHky$% vH;kjAkty !jks dh c4rh t;)ean vH;kjAkvk'#B unh ds dukjs cuk) )a4d5res,k# ds Vd:kky esa ue.r rkcs ds (Ods J:kq:ky;k #$yk

Hkhyk#hty ij;kstuk mn;iqj )ksedk$nj

jkt4kku )k'Q; vdkneh e/kqer )dh IdiJdk '"

i+ke ck;ks#ty jEk;ujh mn;iqji+ke ;ks$ dk=yst mn;iqji+ke ek:k.y vkV. ,:,,ky; mn;iqj'kk )s cus dk$t ds yI i+(@ '"T /kks)q#kiqjkrkQ,d 4ky ')iky vk'#B

$yk$n)s ).;k eanj Hkh d'rs '" ;'k= ij >kdh;kudkyh tkrh '"

e/knj ukk dkeanj

$qyk, ck$ )'sy;ks dh ck#Bh mn;iqj

i+ke #s ds;j )sVj eks'uyky )qDkk#;k,:,,ky;

Hkkjrh; csys ds vr$.r tud d'k tkrk '"T mn;:kadj HkVv#Bj 1& ds dLrku v:kksd esukj;k

f#$ksM%x&

jkt4kku dk $k"j, , $%ks dk (jeksj !rks#B$% nq$.

$k"jk ckny e'y ;' e'y !rks#$% nq$. esansDkus ds '" ehjkck. dk eanjHkOr , :kOr dk u$j d'rs '" !rks#B$% dks!rk#B$% dk nq$. 4kr '" es)k iNkj esac:kha vH;kjAk vk"j. , c+C'Akh unh;ks dkmn$e

c:kha

dViqryh ds Dkyk"us ds yI i+(@ '" !rks#B$%


16/33

'tjr n,ku :kk' dh nj$k' dik)u esaQ;k$ ekr5 dqV;k esyk jkt4kku dk 'jRkj j:e)k,y;k th dk esyk ek#E;k

jkt4kku dk ,sFFkksj Hk")jks#B$%

nq$.),k./kd (esV mQiknu tyk !rks#B$%ts-ds- (esV dk )c)s c#Bk dkjDkkuk uCck's#Bkck#k"yh dk :k, eanj !rks#B$%

jkuh ineuh dk e'y !rks#B$%?kkV vknksyu !rks#B$%tkne Gik. !rks#B$%vdksyk dk nkcq K+V !rks#B$%t"u 4kkiQ; dyk dk uequk kk Sa$kj !,jh

t"u eanj )rch) ns,jhHkkjrh; eqrh. dyk dk ,:,dks9k dqCHkks Rkjkue.r ) 4rCHk ds vkN,h etay ij vFyk' yDkk'qvk '"

,t; 4rCHk

t"u )k/kq ttkd Rkjk 4kkKr dr. 4rCHk!qy;k ty i+rki !rks#B$%

jkt4kku dk i+ke ijekAkq Ptk. dsn jk,r HkkVki+ke ,"nd ,:,,ky; uCck's#Bkcas$q d)ku vknksyu !rks#B$%

tk=! ds yI V"! vk;ks$ !rks#B$%!rks#B$% Hkjk, kerk ds vk/kkj ij )c)s c#Bkcka/k jkt4kku dk

jkAkk i+rki )k$jcka/k

i'$kix&

i+!hu uke dkaNydkdkth dh nj$k' i+rki$%

dkaNy dk rkte'y i+rki$%GLiu dk e"nku ds:kj iqjk'hjk mQiknu ds yI i+(@ i+rki$%tkDke cka/k )c)s P!k cka/k i+rki$%

jkM; dh nq)jh i,u Ptk. ij;kstuk ns,$%k",k dyk i+(@ i+rki$%)hrk ekrk vH;kjAk m#u $y'j;ks dk 4,$. i+rki$%


17/33

!hry dh ekJ Hkqe i+rki$%i"$kyu !k"($k Hks#By ;k $Vsy ;'k= ij),k./kd )k$,ku , ds,#sB ds ,5k '"

i+rki$%

i+rki$% ijes:k!n desVh Rkjk dh $. (Ekj) )s

tyk cuk '"

26 tu,jh 2008

Mqxjiqj

iqAk. )kkj , vkn,k)h tyk #q$jiqj),k./kd vuqdqy y$akuqik1r ,kyk tyk #q$jiqj

jkt4kku uek.Ak ds )e; )c)s GksVk tyk kk #q$jiqjnas, )kseukk eanj #q$jiqjId Hkch;k e'y #q$jiqj),k./kd 'nq vkcknh ,kyk tyk #q$jiqjnkPth cks'jk )Ci+nk; dh $nh $y;k dksViQkj ds Dkyk"u cukus dks cksyrs '" jed#Bk mks$iqjs Hkkjr ds Id ekJ Eyks) ikd. dh Dkku ekA#ksa dh ikyDk ekeyk dk;.d+e dk i+kjCHk #q$jiqjns:k dk i+ke uth ksJ dk e'yk euh )'dkjhc"d

cjcqnku;k

ijsey ns,h Rkjk uek.Akr u,ay Dkk ck,#h)rHkk, th dk eanj 4kcyk;qure rkikrj ,kyk tyk #q$jiqj;qure (a!r ksJEy ,kyk tyk #q$jiqjmne ,yk) e'y #q$jiqj$sc )k$j >hy #q$jiqjIs#,#. )eqn+ rkykc #q$jiqjukuk Hkk. ?kkV dkyh ck. mku #q$jiqj'ksyh ds nks nu ckn 'ksrk '" jk#B jeAk dk

vk;kstutquk e'y #q$jiqj),k./kd i:kq ?kuQ, ,kyk tyk #q$jiqjvrjk.9V;k ;;ky; ds ;;/kh:k j's !qds '" #k0 uk$sn+ ('etq jktiky vkn,k(;ksa dh )a4kk vcsyh )a4kkvkn,k(;ksa dk e'kdqCHk ;'k= ij )kse ek'htkDke unh;ks dk )$e 'ksrk '"

,sAks:,j dk esyk


18/33

jktlea

Rkjdk/k:k dk eanj dkadjksyhVk;j , V;c cukus dk )c)s c#Bk dkjDkkuk jkt)aen) $% ds vnj dVkj $% nq$. Hkh '" dqCHky$% nq$.)esa Hks#;ksa dh i+tuu 4kk. '" dqCHky$% vH;kjAkdyk eVh ds cr.u cukus dh eksysyk

Sh ukk th dk eanj , KG,k. dyk ukkRkjkjkM; dk i+ke vdky jk'r:khy dk dk;. jkt)aen >hyjAkGks#B HkV dh )c)s c#hB :kykysDk '" jkti+(R :kykysDki+ke I! vk. ,h tk=! )sVj jkt)aen),k./kd )rqyr y$kauqikr jkt)aenId i+!hu )H;rk '" $y#es,k#B dh Hkjeksiksyh d'rs '" 'Fnh ?kkVh ;qR

1&76 esaes,k# dk esjkku R,sj dk ;qR 1&82

esa!srd ?kks#s dh )ek/k vk. vk. Ie dk eqD;ky; cyh!k!srh ne)d i+tkr ds $qykkc ds Eyksa dh Dksrhdh tkrh '"

Dkuksu

dnyh iQrkss dh >kadh udkyh tkrh '" ukkRkjk)a$ejej dh )c)s c#Bh Dkku ;'k= ij '" jktu$j

)c)s c#Bh nq?kV.uk ;'k= 'q. kh )es Vdnq?kV.uk 12130 vkneh ekjs $I ks Hk$sjh dh uksdk tyij;kstuk

cklokMk

miuke )k" n;ks dk :k'jvkn,k(;ksa dk

:k'j),k./kd ck) ds is#B ck),k#Bkek'h cka/k ck),k#Bkck$#B i+ns:k dh $a$k nkAk dh 4,Ak. jsDkk ;'unh dd. jsDkk dks nks ckj dkVrh '"

ck),k#Bk

cktkj )k$j dh ij;kstuk ck),k#Bk


19/33

ijekjksa dh jkt/kkuh vHkqukvkuniqj Hkqd;k ;'k= ij )ksus dh Dkuu d;k tk

j'k '"ck),k#Bk

riqjk )qnjh eanj rjrk. ekrk

) ns,h dh ihN ij Sh ;aJ '"

ry,k#Bk

vkn,k(;ksa dk esyk GksVh;k= vCck dkesyk

t"u eanj dkyh tjkGhad ekrk dk eanj ck),k#Bk/kqAkh ds jAkGks#B jk; th dk eanj ck),k#Bk;'k= ij euDkkjks , vkn,k(;ks dk esyk y$rk '" eku$% /kkeunuh ekrk dk eanj ck),k#Bk$ks,n $q 4erh. m/kku ck),k#Bk

ck.rky rkykc ck),k#Bk)r v[nqyk ihj dh nj$k' ck),k#BkvHku, :k,k )er ck),k#Bke"Wtu ),k./kd ik;k tkrk 's ck),k#Bkuk$hyk V"d ck),k#Bkdk$nh ihd vi ,h;j ty ij;kstuk ck),k#Bkikyh uks! u5Q; ck),k#BkcrDk !qtk mQiknu Eke. ck),k#Bk)c)s GksVk u$j cksjDksyk

),k./kd )k. tkr ck),k#Bk;'k= ij dks. jsy ek$. u'h '" ck),k#Bk

Hkj$iqj

jkt4kku dk i+,s:k Rkj Hkjriqjc+t e'kQ), Hkjriqjt),r i:kq esyk Hkjriqjns:k dk Id ekJ yeAk esyk Hkjriqj

i+ke t", m,j.d dkjDkkuk Hkjriqj)'dkjrk dk i+kjCHk #h$ )si+ke )'dkjrk dkuu 1&1* esa yk$qa 'qvk ik,k) esa,)r esyk HkjriqjDkku,k dk ;q@ ik,k) ds utnhdds,ykns,h vH;kjAk 1&82 Hkjriqj


20/33

/kukikh ,'kj )k'csj;u ds+u ;k )kcsj;u )kj) Hkjriqjm9kk e4tn c;kuk nq$. ;'k= ij uhy dh Dksrhdh tkrh '"

c;kuk

rey $%B Hkjriqj

jk9Vh; )j)ksa vuq)a/kku dsn+ ys,j(edks cs$u E"OVh Hkjriqj$ksdqy th dk eanj ;'k= dh kkyh ijd+ek i+(R'"

dkek

:kks9kr iqj :kks9krh $jh yks'k$% ) nq$.dks dks. thr u'h )dk

Hkjriqj nq$.

tye'yks dh u$jh #h$)k"j Ptk. )a!kyr d'"; D;ky ;k ds's,kn$yce , 'qj$k u5Q; uksVadh

Hkjriqj

$ksiky vk;ks$ )ks'syk $ksrh dkA#$q#$kk, , u'j ;equk )s udrh #h$ , dkekr')hy esa

vtku ck/k

)ds !kjks vk"j )qtku $a$k u'j '" t,k'j cqt.!n+ i+Hkq esyk Hkjriqj

djkSyh

i+k!hu uke $ksiky ikyenu eks'u th dk eanj djk"yh esae'k,hj th dk esyk djk"yh esad"ykns,h dk esyk ;'k= ij ya$j;k u5Q; d;ktkrk '"

djk"yh esa

$q#yk $k=, esa ;' eVh dk )c)s c#k ck/k'"T

ika!uk cka/k

v$+stksa )s )'k;d )/k djus ,kyh j;k)r djk"yhe#jk;k nq$. miuke W,ky;j dh dqa!h

'j)qDk ,dk) m/kku djk"yh esa:k, jkJ dk i:kq esyksa djk"yh e

lok() ek/kksiqj


21/33

i+k!hu uke jAkkCHkk"j vH;kjA;i+ke ck/k ij;kstuk ),k. ek/kksiqjJusJ $Aks:k th dk esyk ;'k= ij ,r.eku esa)Esn 'jAk nsDks $I ks

),k. ek/kksiqj

;'k= ij vjk,yh , ,/;k!y i,.r ekyk nksukseyrh '" ),k. ek/kksiqj

!k"k dk cDk#Bk ),k. ek/kksiqj(,k# dk esyk ),k. ek/kksiqj),k./kd c'# Hkqe ),k. ek/kksiqj;'k= ij !Ccy cukc vk"j (iunh dk )a$e 'ksrk '" jkes:,j ?kkV)qikjh e'y tksjk ehjk dh Grjh ),k. ek/kksiqj'eh e'y ihj )nq)nhu dh nj$k' ),k. ek/kksiqj;'k= ij 1303 esa vykP@hu us vkd+eAk d;k kk jAkkCHkk"j nq$.

nk")k es)h32 DkCHkks dh Grjh nq$. esa 'syk D;ky;'k= iku dh Dksrh dh tkrh '" eksjsy ck=/kihiyn ij;kstuk ),k. ek/kksiqj

esa

/kkSyiqj

i+!hu uke dksNh),k./kd js# 4Vksu /kk"yiqjksJEy dh n59V )s )c)s GksVk tyk /kk"yiqjiq,h. Rkj /kk"yiqj'k. V"d K+(tu Wyk) E"OV+h /kk"yiqjrhHkks. dk Hkkutk Hkh d'k tkrk '" etdqA# dksdey Eqy dk ck$ ?kk"yiqj'qu'qdkj rki /kk"yiqj

jkM; dh eFVh i+kst"OV )st /kk"yiqj

dka! mks$ /kk"yiqjHkkjr )c)s c#kB ?kaVk?kj /kk"yiqju'ky Vk,j /kk"yiqjusjks$st jsy yk.) /kk"yiqj:kasj :kdkj $qnkjk /kk"yiqjrkykkc :kk'h >hy /kk"yiqj)c)s de i:kq/ku /kuQ, /kk"yiqj


22/33

)asCiP e'kns, enj /kk"yiqj)c)s yCch ck,#Bh /kk"yiqjty tjhuk e4tn /kk"yiqj

!tesj

miuke jkt4kku dk 'n;i+k!hu uke ves \ vt;es),k./kd jk9Vh; jktek$. vtesj

jkM; yksd)s,k vk;ks$ vtesjjkt4kku jkt4, eA#y vtesj

ek/;ed :kkk cks#. dk;k.y; vtesjiq9; ikd. i+ke 'k. V"d iq9dj;'k= ij $ka/kh th dh v4r;k= ,)t.r dh $.kh c+kC'k th dk esyk )s rhkk.s dk ekekd'rs '"

iq9dj >hy

d:ku $% !J:k"yh d:ku $%Hkkjr dh eksuky)k d'rs '" )dh !J dkju'ky!n '"

!J cAkh NAkh

ekjcy eA#h vtesj

i+ke ek=a#y dk=yst uke jruyky da,j ykyikVuh jktdh; e'k,ky; vtesjD,ktk eksuq@hu !:rh i'yh jtc )s GVh jtc rd vtesj%k. nu dk >ksi#Bk dqrqcqnhu Iscd Rkjkcu,k;k $;k kk i'ys ;'k= ij )a4d5r ikN:kkyk tks,$+' jkt !rqk. us cu,k. kh

vtesj

)ksuh dh u)h;k= t"u )Ci+nk; dh '"v$+stks Rkjk 4kkKr 187 esa ehjk )k'c dhnj$k' '" ?kks#s dh eatkj utke !:rh

vuk )k$j >hy Ek;)k$j iq9dj >hy

esa;ks dk=ystuCckd. )Ci+nk; dh ihN )ysek ckc

Sh (esV dk dkjDkkuk ),k./kd EasF)ikjmQiknu

X;k,j

)q/kuh uj!kj ckn:kk' esyk X;k,ji+ke )qrh ,4r ehy d59Ak ehy 188*


23/33

esa )s nkeksnj nk)us 4kkKr dh kh

i+ke vk,yk u).jh vtesji+ke iqAk. )kkj tyk vtesj

'nq4rku e:khu Vqy vtesj)c)s iqjkuh #s;jh inek #s;jh)rks9k ck,yk dh Grjh iq9dj esa

jkt4kku dh )c)s iqjkuh u$j ij9kn '" vtesjIsthth dk eqD;ky; )n.;ks es vtesj:kkykj $kth dk tyk , i#s ihj dk tyk vtesjnknk ck#h t"u )Ci+nk;vjk,yh i,.r ekyk dk )c)s de ,4rkj vtesj

jk9V e)kyk cht vuq)a/kku dsn rchth

Dkqyh tsy 'k. (O;ksjVh tsy vtesj$% chNyh )c)s ns:kh vkd+eAk 'qI '" rkjk$% dykvdcj dk dyk esWthu dyk187 d+kr dk i+jCHk u)hjkcknNh jkuh dk e'y Hkhy,k#Bk ,

vtesj nksuks esa'"

i+ke )'dkjh )er 1&0* dk dk;.drk. '"Hkhuk;@

vAkk jk;

$ks#Bk,# ikh ik;k tkrk '" ckdyh;k esa!:ek Is uqj >juk vtesjvk"j$tsc , nkjk (Odks ds ch! es ;q@ nksjk.,eh. O;qykV ds HkA#kj e"Wus)k.Vuk" $+'ksa dk eanj d:ku $% esai+ke iqAk. )kkj ,kyk $k=, e)qnk vtesj

ukxkSj

i+k!hu uke ;Jks dk :k'jmiuke v'Gkiqj),k./kd i:kq esyks dk vk;kstku uk$k"jrstkth i:kq esyk es#Brk esekuk)kj i:kq esyk Dkjuky es@ rstkth te 4kyhtkCHkksath dh te 4kyh ihaik)j


24/33

i+ke )Esn )hesaV dk dkjDkkuk $ksVuiku eskh rkP)j esadq!keAkh , y/khjke dk D;ky dq!keAk),.Ss9N d4e dk )a$ejej edjkuk

njh uek.Ak 'srq i+(@ '" Vkadyktqr;ks ds yI i+(@ '" cVqi+ke vkn:k. ),Ak ikd. uk,kt"u ,:, Hkkjrh :kkk )a4kku yk#uqn/kekrk ekrk eanj $ksN e/kyksnDkkjs ikuh dh >hy ##,kuk

js$4Vu ),k./kd tL)e #s$kuk),k./kd d59k.$r vk"tkjks dk uek.Ak uk$k"jrksi dk $ksyk cuk uqd)ku i'q!kI= nq$. ds Pij

)s udyrk '"

uk$k"j dk dyk

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es#Brk (Vh'eheq@u uk$k"jh dh nj$k' )qFrku rkjdhuh dhnj$k'

uk$k"j

Hk,ky ekrk dk eanj uk$k"j esai!k;rh jkt dk i+kjCHk 1&& esa c$njh

$k=, esa

*ksd

u,kcks dk :k'j Id ekJ eq4ye j;k)r Vksd.n ij PV dh kyh ij )qu'jh dksNhek"ykuk vcqy dyke vjch Ekj)h :kks/k )a4kku iJdk uj,y 4kku

dk uke '"%W$h dF;kAk th dk esyk Vksd$qt.j )ekt dk esyk ;'=k ns,ukjk;Ak th dk eanj'"

tks/kiqjh;k /kke

.)j nk cka/k cuk) unh ijcuk) unh ij t;iqj dk ikuh )Lyk. c)yiqj cka/k)dh )Hkh eksj;k Dkksyus ij Id cqn Hkh ikuh:kas9k u'h j'rk '"

Vksj#h )k$j cka/k

D,ktk dh ck,#h Vksd


25/33

dsnh; Hks#B cdjh vuq)a/kku dsn ,kys ij$usdk k"J '"

v,dk u$j

c)yiqj vH;kjAk Vksd'kkh HkkVk i'k#Bh '" Vksd

!kj c"r :k"yh Vksd,u4kyh ,kihN u,k. t$' Vksd esa jru:kk4Jh Rkjk 4kkKr

i+!hu Hkkjr dk VkVk u$j js#Vksad ds uke )s i+(R '" $ksy rd;s Vksd

jkt4kku jks#B,st c) )s,k ia+kjCHk Vksde;qj ch#Bh dk dkjDkkuk jkt (Odks Rkjk

)a!kyr'k#h jkuh dk dqA#B Vksd

HkhyokM%k

miuke ,4J dh u$jhjkt4kku dke"u!"4Vj V"O)V"y (VhT

),k./kd vHk+d mQiknu ;'k= ij vHk+d dh Vs

Hkh cuk. tkrh '"

vHk+d unh

i+ke V"O) Vk.F) ey Hkhy,k#Bki+ke dCL;qVj I#s# #tku )sVj Hkhy,k#Bki+ke ,u4rr ?kh dk dkjDkkuk Hkhy,k#Bki+ke drk. ehy $qykciqjk Hkhy,k#Bkvkst;kAkk nsn,kyI ns,iqjk , jkeiqjk vk$q!k iqjkrkQ,d 4ky:kkk t4rk , !k]nh dk HkA#kj Hkhy,k#Bke'kHkkjr dkyhu v,:ks9k ;'k= eyrs '" t'ktiqj32 DkCHkksa dh Grjh ;'k= ij t$rukk dG,k'

dh Grjh '"

ekA#y $%

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$qt.jks dk esayk ),k. Hkkst dk eanj vk(#i+ke d)kuks dk vknksyu ;' vknksyu )c)s chtksy;k


26/33

yCck kk )u 18&7 )s 1&*1 rd !ykT vknksyucnq yky HkVk!k;. vk;ks$ tk=! )ercus#k e'y Hkhy,k#Bkestk cka/k dksNjh unh ij

173* esa 'qj#k )Cesyu jkt4kku ds jktkvks Rkjk ejkNksa dk ,jks/k djus 'srq 'qj#Bk

ekA#y $% Hkhy,k#Bkesuky cuk) cs#! un;ks dk )a$e 'ksrk '" esuky ty i+ikruk'j u5Q; Hkhy,k#Bk!Jdyk ,dk) ds yI cu,k;h $;h kh vdu )a4kk

chdkusj

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chdk us dhmiuke

jkt4kku )k'Q; , )a4d5r vdkneh us tk$rh tksriJdk tkjh dh khT

jkrh ?kkVh

i+kked , ek/;ed uns:kky; chdkusj

djAkh ekrk dk easyk ns:kuksd esadKy equ dk esyk a dksyk;r essP=V mQ), yk#sjk esavWu uQ; drj;k)j esa'asje $Akir enj chdkusj esaHkkA#s:,j , :kkA#s:,j dk enj ) eanj dhuh, esa /kh #kyk $;k '"

t"u eanj

dsnh; P=V , v:, vuq)a/kku dsn+ chdkusj esans,h dqqA# dh Grj;k= )k$j esa

4,keh ds:,kun d59k ,:, ,ky; chdkusj esac/kk,rks d ',syh cdkusj es$tusj vH;kjAk d) ikh ds i+(R 's"T )k/kkjAk uke

jsr dk rhrjcV c#B

),k./kd dks;yk mQiknu iykuk cj(')jtuk$% dyk jke(' Rkjk


27/33

yky dyk $a$k (' RkjkDkkjs ikuh dh >hy yAkdjAk )jeNs ikuh dh >hy dksyk;r

jkt4kku dk jktdksV yAkdjAk )j

eksjAk dyk , m4rk dyk sa cdkusj ejer cdkusj dh '#kP $t:kk'h (OdstCHks:,j th dk esyk eqdke rky,k)c)s c#h Pu eA#h chdkusjuth ksJ dh )c)s c#h iykuVs)u ij;kstuk ttj t$' esa

jkt4kku dk vHkysDkk$kj C;qt;eyWykV vk/kkjr ns:k dh uth ksJ dk i+kemQiknu 4kku

jktsjh esa

);qOr )'4J i+:kkAk dsn+ e'ktu esa ,:, dk

i+ke ,k;nk cktkj chdkusj esaiqjkrkQ,d 4ky )k"/kh #ks#k;qure vuq)q!r tutkrh cdkusj esadk=ih ty ikJ cdkusj esanq/k Dkkjk vknksyu cdkusj esa(jseO) 'c Dkkjk esa),k./kd ckydys esV eqFrkuh !k.uk

eVhHkqe$r ',k. v#k uky esa

guqeku x&

i+k!hu uke HkVusj)k,k./kd ,ns:kh vkd+eAk ;'k= 'qIT HkVusj dk dykiqjkrQ, 4ky dkyh ca$k\dkyh

!q#B;k)c)s de ia!k;r )er;k= 'uqeku $% 3

t")yesj 3ry,k#k >hy 'uqeku $%$ks$kes#h esyki:kq esyk 'uqeku $%)j GksVq jke )a$+'ky; )a$j;kds:,kun ,k ihN )a$j;kiksVk:k Dkuu 'uqeku $%!k,y\!uk ),k./kd mQiknu 'uqeku $%


28/33

njk $ka/kh e)hrk ,kyh '"# i+,s:k 'uqeku $% esaty udk)h ij;kstuk unjy"A# d )'k;rk )s A#ks#!(@ eqDk u'j ij;kstuk 'uqeku $% , !q

esa

;' ;qjksK;u vkk.d )eqnk; dh )'k;rk )s cuh;kstuk teuh. dh )');rk )s vkiAkh ;kstuk

Hkn+ dkyh eanj dkydk ekrk 'uqeku $% esadkyh ca$k dh Dkkst 1&2 esa d vCykun /kks9k usDksyks dk )eku ),k./kd curk '" 'uqeku $% esa),k./kd Dk!j ik;s tkrs '" 'uqeku $% esadFyks d Vksdjh 'uqeku $%

#q+$ks$k th dh te 4kyh nnjs,kckykth dk enj ;' er. nk#Bh eaG ;qOr'" )ds uek.AkdQrk. eks'unk)

)kyk)j

rir ckykth dk eanj )qtku$%(ODkks dk )c)s c#Bk esyk y$rk '" )k',k

jkM; dk )c)s i+ke )'dkjh k"J dk e'yk euhc"ad

)kyk)j

yksd )a4d5r u$j Sh :kks/k )a4kku !q;'k= ij dqth ikh , dkys 'jAk '" rky Gkij vH;kjAki+kstsOV ty/kkjk ;kstuk jke$% esa yeh

u,k) eQry Rkjk)c)s de ,u k"J ;' ij dks. unh u'h '" !q/ke. 4ri !q$k=/kh ,keanj :kkAk )a4kk )jnkj :k'jt"uks dk ),k./kd t"u )Ci+nk; rsjkiak )Ci+nk;)arks , )k/k dh Dkku ne dksjdksNkjh ',syh !q)qjkAkk 's,yh )esa W;kj' )k" nj,kts ,Dk#Bd;k '"

!q

e 4kyh; irh :kks/k )a4kku vktjh )a4kku%ksyk ek ds !J !qd59Akk iqu;k !qd'";k yky )sN;k tks Id d, '" mudh j!uk dk !q


29/33

uke yksyVk) '"cAkh/kke

xaxkuxj

i+k!hu uke jke u$j;' c)k;k $;k kk $a$k(' Rkjk$a$k u'j 1&27 esavarjk9V+h; vk"j vrjkth; )hek cukus ,kyk ikd4rku iatkcvarjk.9V+h; )hek ds )c)s utnhd ,kyk :k'j $a$ku$jrkih; ,/kqr ),k./kd ,/kqr mQiknu ,kyktykT

)qjr$% )qij ke.y ik,j4Vs:ku

jkt4kku dk vk/kqud rhk. 4ky $a$ku$jdik) du va$j mQiknu esa 4kku i+key"yk etu dh etkj vui$% esadsn+h; d59k Eke. )qjr$% esa ) dh )'k;rk

)st"r)j d59k Eke. duk#Bk dh )'k;rk )s(ODkksa dk )c)s c#Bk $qRkjk cq%k tks'#BT),k./kd (Dk tkr $a$ku$j esa),k./kd vuq)q!r tutkr $a$ku$j esai+ke ck;ks$") )a;J $a$ku$j ds ineiqj esavkn:k. $+ke iqj4dkj 18 ch-ch- ineiqj esa

jkt4kku esa iqtkch Hkk9kk vdkneh $a$ku$j#k#k iCikjke dh esyk ,t; u$j esa),k./kd $+ke i!ka;rks ,kyk tyk $a$ku$j),k./kd )#Bdks ,kyk tyk $a$ku$j?kaj)kuk d)ku vknksyu Dkst#h ,kyk vk;ks$:k'hn chjcyjke jk;(a' u$j ?kks#Bh

dkA# esa;kaJd d59k. Eke. jkst#h esa),k./kd (!k. ,kyk tyk $a$ku$juku,kyk isV+ksy;e Dkkst $$kau$j),k./kd eku, ,dk) )q!dakd ,kyk tyk $a$ku$jHke$r ',k. v#k )qjr$% esa/kW/kj unh $a$ku$j)q;. dh rjGh djAks i#Brh '" $a$ku$j esa


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jkt4kku dk vuk$kj $a$ku$j/kku dk dVksjk $a$ku$j),k./kd vka/k;ks ,kyk tyk $a$ku$j

dks*k

miuke jkt4kku dk dkuiqj:k"kd u$jh dksVkrduhdh ,:,,ky; '"$a$ c+ht dksVk esa!Ccy unh dksVk rki ctyh?kj dksVk esa;' ,:,,ky; e'kujs$k ij 6 e'us dk ikN; d+e

:kq dj j'k '"

,/k.eku e'k,hj

Dkqyk ,:,,ky;vcyh ehAk dk e'y dksVk esa ),k./kd )kkjrk,kyk tyk

dksVk

vHks#Bk e'y , ),k./kd u$jh; vkcknh ,kyk:k'j,Hk9kAk eanj Vsyhes#)hu )s,k )s tq#Bus,kyk ),.i+ke d4ck

d"ku $k=, eas

uth k"J dh i+ke d59k eA#h vk4Vs+y;k dh)'k;rk )s

'uqeku ij)j

#ksj;k )k#B;k jkuh cukus ,kys cqudjks dh)'k;rk ds yI )a4kkT

dksVk

$a$k n:k'jk easyk dksVk)k$ksr dk u'kAk dksVk),k./kd ukirk"y ds ;aJ curs '" dksVk esav'a)k ,kVdk dksVkekqjk/k:k dk eanj dksVkcjk' eanj du)q,k :k, eanj dksVk)c)s c#Bk mku '" GJ ,yk) mku

!Ccj EVh.yktj Dkkn cukus dk dkjDkkuk Sh jkeEVh.yktj dkjDkkuk

$#asiky

yksd vnkyrks dk i+kjCHk dksVk esaSk,AkHkknk" (!k. ;kstuk dksVk esa;krk;kr i+:kkAk ikd. dksVk)i. mkuI !Ccy $#;ky vH;kjAk dksVk esa


31/33

) vH;kjAk esa 4ruik. ik;k tkrk '" /kk/kse ))us'j Dkk= dh ehukj dksVk dksVk dk )c)s c#kB nq$. '"T dksVk nq$.:kdkj i+/kku :k"yh e'yk Hkh ;'k= ij :kdkj

djrh 'q. nDkk. nh '"

dksVk !J :k"yh

V+esaVy dkjDkkuk Vh-,h- cukus ds yI [ysd ik"Vjh4Vk cks#. dk dkjDkkuk dksVkcq%knhy dk eanj )q;.eanj dksVki+ke Is$+ksEq# ikd. jkuiqj esa$sij ukk e'kns, eanj dksVkrkj,yh ck/k ij;kstuk dksVk esa

jkt4kku ds )c)s i+nq9kr tys '" dksVk , ckjkadksVk dk vkdkj '" vk4Vsy;k t")k

ckjka

miuke ,jk' u$jhe)kyk mQiknu ),k./kd ckajk esa)hrk ck#Bh esayk dsyck$ esa)'j;ksa dk e'kdqHk ckjka esa

;'k= ij ns,h dh ihN dh iqtk 'ksrh '" c+eAkh ekrk dkeanjHknns,jk ehuh Dktqjk'ks euh ns,jkvV $k=, esa ) eanj esa !qus dk d'h iji+;ks$ u'h 'qvk '"

Ey ns,jk esyk

Eqy #ksy esyk ckajk esa),k./kd )qjkr ,u ckjka esai+ke y')qu eA#h Gik c#ksn:ksj $% nq$. Hkh d'rs '" ij,u unh ds dukjs

)s dks9k ,/k.u $% d'rs '"

:kk'ckn nq$.

chtk)j ekrk dk eanj ckjka)k#Bh mks$ j$k. Gik. esa ek$jks#$ks#k,Ak ikh eyrs '" )ksj)u esckAk $a$k unh ds dukjs ij ckjkarki ,qr ij vk/kkjr Gc#Bk ij;kstuk


32/33

vrYij;kstuk $") ij vk/kkjr)'j;k tutkr u,k) djrh '" :k'ckn , d)u $t

esajkt4kku dh IdekJ vkne tutkr '" ckajk esa

cah

i+k!hu uke GksVhdk:kh , Rrh;dk:kh

jkuh th dh ck,#Bh $qykch ck,#BhT ck,#B;ks dk :k'jrastkth dh de. 4kyh iqjkuh i+k!hu )H;rk ck)h nq$kjh

i+ke ,F#. jkVj jksd isV$ ;'kC cka/k kktks 2010 es VV $;k kk

?kk#Bnk

ykDksjh $k=, esa 1&12 esa Eyhd ud)u dCiuhus 4kkKr d;k

i+ke )hesV dkdkjDkkuk

i:kqikh i+/kku !J :k"yh cqnh esarkjk$% nq$. canh esa!Jdyk ,dk) 'srq )a4kk !J:kkyk8* DkCHkks dh Grjh canh esaG"yk !k,y ck)erh !k,y (E. canh esa

chtk)9k ekrk dk eanj n+$% $k=, esadtyh rht dtyh e'kQ), 'k#k"rh e'kQ), canh esa

>kykokM%

),k./kd vkn+ tyk >kyk,k#B?kaV;ks dk :k'j >kyk,k#B

miuke >kyjkikVu ,jk)r dk:k'j

)kr )'sy;ks dk eanj >kyk,k#B,)q/kjk jkts dk ))anh; k"J >kyk,k#Bi+ke )C;kdr :khrys:,j e'kns, enj B >kyk,k#!n+ Hka$+k i:kq easyk $k"erh )k$j i:kq esyk >kyk,k#B


33/33

ehNs )kd dh nj$k' 'eheq@hu !:rh Rkjk B >kyk,k#)s /kqyj$% #ks#$% d'rs '" $k$jsu nq$. ty

nq$.;' nth. )eqnk; ds vkjk/; ns,rk ekus tkrs '"T )ar Kaik dh nj$k'

d)ku )'dkjh ds+#V dk#. ;kstuk dk i+kjCHk B >kyk,k#;'ka ij !k"jk's u'h '" (E. rjk'" '" >kyk,k#i+ke v:, $a/kk eA#h >kyk,k#B esa d>kyk,k#B ;'k= ij u5Q; d;k tkrk '" cnk"jh),k./kd )rajk mQiknu esa )s jkt4kku dkuk$iqj Hkh d'rs '"

>kyk,k#B

Hk,kuh ukV; :kkyk >kyk,k#B easGkih ij;kstukI Kiyk% ij;kstuk >kyk,k#B),k./kd vrjkth; )hek cukus ,kyk tyk

!k"yhiqj ;kstuk >kyk,k#B esa

gkM%ks$h -kS.

dksVk cnh :kk)dks dh )ek/k '$j ck$ dh Grj;k='k#k"rh k"J dk i+k!hu uke 'k;'k;'k#kB"rh )qjtey e/kAk dh Hkk9kk 'k#k"rhHkh ,:ka Hkk4dj ,j)r4Hkh

Hkk9kk

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