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Energy storage devices (battery, capacitator): Large storage, low cost, Long life, high density, small storage, high cost, high power, high rate charge, long life
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Renewable energy storage devices
Shin–KOBE electric machinery co,. Ltd.
2011.3
2Business Activities
Storage Batteries
ElectricMachines
Three Business Domains Sales Turnover in 2009
Plasticproducts
ElectricEquipments
StorageBatteries
90B¥
AutomotiveBattery42%
PlasticProducts26%
IndustrialBattery,ElectricEquip.etc32%
We are “HITACHI” group company.
3
We have 3 Storage Devices.
RE storage Business Strategy
・Large storage・Low cost・Long life
・High density・Small storage・High cost
・High power・High rate charge・Long life
LL Battery
Lithium-ionbattery
Lithium-ioncapacitor
・Storage &Stabilization
・Storage &wave smooting
Hybrid storage
For example
4Compare of storage devices
Discharge time
10h 1h 0.1h 36S
3.6S
0.36S
36ms
10
Output density(W/kg)
(Momentary power)
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01100 1K 10K 100K
Ni-MH
NaS
LL battery
Lithium-ionbattery
EDLC
L-cap
Energy density(
Wh/kg)
(Vi
tality)
Chemical capacitor
Each devices have unique characteristic.We propose “hybrid storage” system.
5
Li-ion capacitor
support area
Li-ion battery
support area
Lead acid battery
support area
Demand
Time
Image of “Hybrid storage”
Demand power carb
6Hybrid storage demonstration project
LL battery +NaS batteryLL battery +NaS battery
LL battery + CapacitorLL battery + Capacitor
LL battery + Li-ion batteryLL battery + Li-ion battery
・Nishime (Akita, Japan)・Wind turbine stabilization・Now operation from Aug. 2007
・Los Alamos (NM, USA/by NEDO)・PV storage & Grid stabilization・Order (Set up at 2011)
・Yokohama city (Japan/by NEDO)・PV storage & EV charge・Order (Set up at 2011)
7How it works with LL type battery
Actual Data from Nishime Demo Project
Discharge from batteries kept output from dropping rapidly.
Batteries absorbed a fluctuation in wind turbine output.
Green line: Wind Turbine
Red line: Combined output
8
The smooth degree of the output wave pattern rises by a capacitor
Actual Data from Nishime Demo Project
How it works with LL battery & capacitor
1.LL Battery
2.Lithium ion Battery
3.Lithium ion Capacitor
10Structure of our battery (LL-W type)
Wind power model LL-W
Item LL1500W-8
Voltage 8V
Single Battery 10HR capacity 1,500Ah
Single Battery Energy capacity 12kWh
Installation Horizontal
Height 473
Dimension Width 799
(mm) Depth 500
Weight (kg) 485
Expected life
(Battery temperature 25 )
SOC range 30~ 90%
Per SKE’s instruction
Sealed withRegulated Valve
Accum total Discharge3,150CAh and 17 years
Charge Condition
Battery Construction
11Battery assemble
3kWh battery
3kWh×4セル=12kWh battery unit
insert
Backplacement
Two lines of12 rows placement
Series of 384 cells batteryTotal capacity=1.1MWh
12
1.2m
2.0m12.0m
Weight
47,000kg
1.0m7.8m
Maintenance space
Weight
188,000kg
2.0m
Large scale product
Capacity:1.1MWhDC voltage rank:1,000V
Capacity:4.4MWhDC voltage rank:1,000V
12.0m
13Battery assemble in Container
More then 1.0m
APL 45ft type1.1MWh
14Single Battery Product Line-up
Battery type Wind Power
Battery Model LL1500W-8LL50 12
LL220 24
LL330 24
LL1000 12
LL1500 8
LL1000 S-12
LL1500 S-8
Voltage V 8 12 24 24 12 8 12 8
Ah 1,500 50 220 330 1,000 1,500 1,000 1,500
Wh 3,000 600 440 660 2,000 3,000 2,000 3,000
Output kWh 12.00 - 5.28 7.92 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
Volume Liter 193 10 144 188 199 193 218 211
Height mm 473 350 360 468 339 473 339 473
Width mm 799 166 799 799 1,145 799 1,257 871
Depth mm 512 175 502 502 512 512 512 512
Weinht kg 485 27 266 367 440 430 496 485
Expected Life(at 25 )
(*See Notes below)
3,150・C (Ah)(17 years)
Peak Shift (Energy Storege)
3,000 cycles (10 years)
0-40 Use Temperature
Range
Unit
4,500 Cycle(15 years)
Capacity
(*) In case temperature (charge/discharge/storage)in out of specified range. Battery life and performace is negatively affected
Charging methods such as equalifying charge as per SKE’s instruction(*) Expected Life for LL-W : DOD30-90% at battery tempeature=25
(*) Expected Life for LL and LL-S : DOD70% at battery tempeature=25 Charging methods such as equalifying charge as per SKE’s instruction
15System Schematics
Wind
Power before stabilization
dischargecharge
Wind Farm Power after stabilization
Charge/Discharge into/out of Battery
1 bank
LL Batteries
Converter
Cloud
Mega Solar
16Wind farm Demo
“Tapi Wind Farm” Demonstration Project under NEDO program 2001
<Project Summary>・ Purpose=Stabilization
・ WTG= 300kW
・ Battery capacity= 1320kWh
(LL1000×3×220 cells)・ Trial period=6 months
1715MW Wind farm in Shiura
<System summary>・ Purpose = Stabilization・ WTG = 15.2MW (1.9MW×8) ・ Battery capacity = 10.4MWh
(LL1500W×3456cells)・ Battery Foot print= 30m×18m=540
・Weight = 420t
・ Site
Goshogawara Shiura, Aomori
・ Operator
Kuroshio Power ・In operation
Mar 2010
Goshogawara Shiura Large Scale Wind Farm Mar. 2010
1815MW Wind farm in Yusa
<System summary>・ Purpose = Stabilization・ WTG = 15.4MW (2.2MW×7) ・ Battery capacity = 10.4MWh
(LL1500W×3456cells)・ Battery Foot print= 30m×13m=390
・Weight = 420t
・ Site
Yusa, Yamagata
・ Operator
Shounai Power ・Setting completion
Sep 2010・In operation
Mar 2011
Yusa Large Scale Wind Farm Mar. 2010
19
Gansu Prov. China (J-Power NEDO) Sept. 2004
<Project summary>・Application=Micro grid(Stabilization)・WTG = 99kW(11kW×9set)
・Solar= 100kW(10kW×10set)・LL-battery= 576kWh(LL2000×144)
Wind & Solar hybrid with DEG
Micro Grid
20
PV=100KW
960kWh Batteries
Malaysia (Tokyo Power Co.~ NEDO) / Aug.2009
Solar Storage On Grid
21
Oota City Japan (NEDO Demo Project) / 2004~2007(550 houses)
9.6kWh Batteries
Home Solar Storage On Grid
22
Toyota City hall Mar.2010
Electric Vehicular Charge Station
9.6kWh BatterySet up on 29 sites
23
PV
PCS
CellerRadio Machine
LL Battery
NTT-DoCoMo Moville Phone Base Station With PV
Solar Storage Off Grid
24
PV=825W
10.6kWh Batteries
Developing country (PV for School Facilities)
Solar Storage Off Grid
1.LL Battery
2.Lithium ion Battery
3.Lithium ion Capacitor
26Hybrid Train (JR East)
The world’s first hybrid train(Li-Ion battery x Diesel engine)already in service from July 2007,a JR East line, Nagano, Japan.Furthermore, ten railroad car begina run in December, 2010
Principle of Energy Saving
①Engine in operation with constantspeed and high efficiency. Ignition fordeparture is not necessary (No gasemission).②Lithium battery for power assistand power regeneration depending onrunning condition.
27Electric Excavator
・Exhaust gas-free・Low noise・Fuel costs saving・Suitable for work in theclosedown space
We substituted Excavator of the diesel engine drive for battery drive.
Produced by Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
ZX35B(Jun.2010 release)
28
Switch Board
Battery
PCS
Kobe City Metro /System Product by Hitachi(NEDO Project)
Lithium-ion Battery
Out Put:2MWBattery:Lithium-ion BatteryCapacity:68kWh(680V100Ah)
Regeneration System for Train in Substation
29Operation of Regeneration System for Train
Data of Operation
30
210Ah Cell 40kWh Battery System
BCU+CC+Switch
Feature:①Safety: Flame retardant electrolytic solution
+ electrode②Long-life: 10 years = Conventional LiB x 3③High-capacity: 210Ah=Conventional LiB x 4
(Targeting additional scale up) ④Weight: 1/3 of lead battery⑤Volume: 1/3 of lead battery
High Voltage DC Lithium-ion Battery System
Application:①Data center in urban area②Base station for cell-phone※Advantage in lightweight and compact
31Module for Lithium-ion Battery
Battery model:KL90-8 Module
Battery Configuration 8 cells in line
Dimension(mm) L440 W290 H186
Weight() 30
Nominal capacity(Ah) 90
Nominal voltage(V) 30
Weight energy density(Wh/kg) 90
Volume energy density(Wh/L) 114
Output density(W/Kg) 270(DOD=50%)
32Module for Lithium-ion Battery
Battery model:MA2 Module
Battery Configuration 48 cells in line
Dimension(mm) L611 W318 H103
Weight() 23
Nominal capacity(Ah) 5.5
Nominal voltage(V) 170
Weight energy density(Wh/kg) 41
Volume energy density(Wh/L) 47
Output density(W/Kg) 1,900(DOD=50%)
33
For EmergencyFloat Type LiB
For High PowerSupply Type LiB
For Energy StorageType LiB
LiB Controller
Combination of Stationary Type Li-ion Battery
Battery Cubicle
34
1,800mm
800mm
750mm
Storage Capacity:32kWh(DC360V)Output Capacity:100kW
Storage Capacity :12kWh(DC340V)Output Capacity :200kW
Storage Capacity :38kWh(DC190V)Output Capacity :20A10hr
Energy Storage
High Power Supply
Emergency
(Ventilation)
Specification for Use of Li-ion Battery
35
1.LL Battery
2.Lithium ion Battery
3.Lithium ion Capacitor
36Property of L-Cap
items design of L-CapRated Voltage 3.8 – 2.2V
Mass 270g
Size φ40x110L(136cc)
InitialProperty
Output Power >5000W/L(2.5mΩ)Capacity >1000F(0.45Ah)・・*)
Energy Density >10Wh/L
HighTemp.Property
Capacity Change
0.5~2%60,3.8V,1000h
Temp. Range -15~80
Voltage Retention 98% (60、1000h)
L-CapSLC-1000B
*) 1000F L-Cap discharges 1.8 to 2.4 timeslarger energy than 1000F EDLC.
<Characteristics>high voltage, high I/Olong life, heat-stable
good voltage retentioneasy to control
37
cell with bus bar
72 straight 8 straight
12 straight
Example of modules
38
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
10A50A100A200A300A
time (s)
volta
ge (V
, 4 st
raig
ht)
Property of L-Cap Discharge
Discharge is easy to control.Fig. Voltage vs. discharge time
39
0 5 10 15 20 25 308
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16vo
ltage
(V, 4
stra
ight
)
10A50A100A200A300A
time (s)
Charge is also easy to control.
Property of L-Cap Charge
Fig. Voltage vs. charge time.
40
Fig. Comparison of output energy vs. output powerOutput Power Density (W/L)
Out
put E
nerg
y D
ensi
ty (W
h/L) 40Φ x 110L
DCR(25)2.3mΩ
Capacity 1012F
EDLC(2.5V-1.5V)
25L-Cap
3.8V-2.2V
Property of L-Cap Power Density
7 times larger
4 times larger
40φx135LDCR(25)
2.1mΩCapacity 850F
EDLC
L-Cap
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
high power, high energy
41
【Test Method】Cell was maintained 3.8V at 60 for a certain period of time. Afterwardsthe Capacity was measured at 25.
Time (h)
Cap
acity
Cha
nge
(%)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
EDLC2.5V
Property of L-Cap Durability
(200 days)
L-Cap3.8V
Fig. Comparison of capacity change vs. time
long float charge life
42
2MW Voltage Sag Mitigation Device 2350mm
4800mm 2400mm
Lead Acid battery typecompensation : 10seconds
life : 7~9 years
EDLC
2400mm 2400mm
EDLC type1 secondlife : 15
yearscost : 1/2
2350mm
2350mm
600mm2400mm
L-Cap type1 secondlife : 15
years
[size]1/4 of
EDLC type
Application Test Voltage Sag Mitigation Device
43Installation to automatic fork lift
16S x 12P (192cells) 60kg
charger
[note]Lead Acid battery was 500kg
replacement forLead Acid battery
Contact WithKazuhiro Adachi
Shin-KOBE Electric Machinery Co,. Ltd.St. Lucas building,8-1,AkashiCho, Chuuo-Ku, Tokyo JapanE-Mail: [email protected]:+81 3 6811 2270Fax:+81 3 5565 5772