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Rhynie Chert. Joshua Vance. Rhynie, Scotland Discovered by William Mackie in 1912 Fossils were studied by Robert Kidston and William Lang. Location and Discovery of the Rhynie Chert. Deposited in the Early Devonian (396 +/- 12 million years) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Rhynie ChertJoshua Vance
http://www.123ppt.com
Location and Discovery of the Rhynie Chert
Rhynie, Scotland
Discovered by William Mackie in 1912
Fossils were studied by Robert Kidston and William Lang
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Age and Geologic Setting for the Rhynie Chert
Deposited in the Early Devonian (396 +/- 12 million years)
Scotland was apart of the super continent Laurussia Located just south of the equator Sub-tropical to tropical environment
Volcanic activity Heavily metamorphosed volcanic bedrock
Extensional Setting Low angle extensional fault to the west
Hot Springs One of the oldest preserved hot spring deposits Siliceous
Similar to present day Yellowstone
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Rhynie, Scotland ~396 mya
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Paleontological Significance of the Rhynie Chert
Rhynie Chert is one of the oldest preserved terrestrial ecosystems and hot spring deposits
Preservation of organic material on the anatomical scale Delicate plant structures were preserved
Whole life cycles of organisms may be studied Short lived developmental stages have been preserved
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Taphonomy of Rhynie Chert Flora and Fauna
Hot springs erupted siliceous hot water that cooled and precipitated silica onto nearby organisms
Soon after death organisms became inundated by siliceous fluids
Organisms were fossilized due to the permeation of silica through organic material or by direct silica replacement
This process most likely occurred quickly
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Rhynie Chert Flora
Tracheophytes
Vascular tissue that circulates water which allows them to grow to larger sizes than non-vascular plants
Sporophytes meaning they are diploids (two sets of chromosomes per cell)
Gametophytes meaning they are haploids (one set of chromosomes per cell)
Examples: Aglaophyton, Horneophyton, and Rhynia
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Rhynie Chert Fauna
Arthropods
Invertebrates
Examples: Trigonotarbids, Mites, and Euthycarcinoids
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Evolutionary Significance of Flora and Fauna
Evolutionary momentum is building up in the Early Devonian Larger diversity of plants and animals Complexity of species is increasing
Plants remain relatively simple No leaves Relatively small in size
Evolutionary advances Vascular tissue Oldest known vascular plants
Plant/animal interactions
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Sources
Fisher, Dan. et al. “Localities of the Devonian: Rhynie Chert, Scotland.” 11 May 1998. University of California Museum of Paleontology.< http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/devonian/rhynie.html >
Kerp, Hans. “The Rhynie Chert and it’s Flora.” December 2002. The Palaeobotanical Research Group. University of Munster.< http://www.uni-muenster.de/GeoPalaeontologie/Palaeo/Palbot/erhynie.html >
Nunn, Elizabeth. “The Rhynie Chert.” 2003. Department of Earth Sciences. University of Bristol. < http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Lagerstatten/Rhynie/index.html >
Stromberg, C. “The Rhynie Flora: Elaborations on a Theme.” 1998. Department of Integrative Biology. University of California Museum of Paleontology.< http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/IB181/VPL/Elp/Elp2.html >
Steur, Hans. “The Oldest Land Plants.” 2 September 2007. Ellecom, The Netherlands. < http://www.xs4all.nl/~steurh/eng/old2.html >
Trewin, Nigel et al. “The Biota of Early Terrestrial Ecosystems: The Rhynie Chert.” 2 March 2005. The Rhynie Chert Research Group. University of Aberdeen.< http://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/index.htm >