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Buying Practices for Food, Clothing

and Consumer Durables among Lovely

Students

ASSIGNMENT NO:1

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Mr. CHANDER SHEKAR DOGRA Rohit Sharma

Roll No.:

RR1002A26

Reg. No.:

11002890

Section: R1002

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

CONCLUSION

LIMITATIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS

REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

Everyone who spends money income to buy goods and services from the

market is a buyer, but buyer who makes use of goods and services for his / herliving to maintain good physical and mental health is a consumer. A common

man as a consumer has a wide range of expectations such as price, correct

weight and measurement, purity or genuiness, packaging, service during and

service after the sale.

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. There is nobody in the world who is left out of the class of consumers.

Immediately after a babys birth the need arises for baby food, clothing,

feeding bottle, garments, medicines, toiletries etc., and thus bringing the baby

to the consumer community. Consumer play very important role in the

economy. They are largest economic group in any country, and present day

activities are because of consumer only. Consumers are the pillars of the

economy. The philosophy of marketing is based on consumer. The consumer

is not only the heart of marketing but also the controller of marketing

functions. Now consumer is completely dependent on the market to meet his /

her needs. Hence, purchasing becomes an inevitable activity in every family.

Purchasing is dynamic science and most important function of every family

and homemaker must devote time, attention and energy on it.

Consumer has the right to expect that the food he/she buys is fresh and

wholesome, the drugs are pure and effective, the products are safe and workwell, the air he/she breaths, the water he/she drinks is pure and unpolluted, can

travel safely and in time from place to place, his/her letters reach the

destination within the expected time, the electricity supply is uninterrupted etc.

are very few and scanty. Hence, the present study has been taken up with the

following objectives. The findings of the present study facilitate to

take up an immediate necessary step to educate the rural consumers on various

aspects.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

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To study the buying habits of the students of lovely professional

university

To analyze and compare their purchasing behaviour within and from

outside the campus.

To know the growing demand of changing trends among products like

food and clothing

Review of literature

1.Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing(2004) 12,213230; doi:10.1057/palgrave.jt.5740110. The study examines the

phenomenon of national identity and economic ethnocentrism in consumer

buying behavior. Analysis of data collected from a representative sample of

adult Slovenian consumers reveals only moderately expressed ethnocentric

tendencies. Similar moderation was revealed in the preferences of Slovenian

consumers for patriotic purchasing behavior, whereby the domestic origin of

products was more important in the case of nondurable goods and services

than in the case of durable goods. Consumers evaluated various characteristics

of products made in the EU more favorably relative to those made in Slovenia

2. C. Vignali, E. Gomez, M. Vignali, T. Vranesevic, (2001) "The influence of

consumer behaviour within the Spanish food retail industry", British Food

Journal, Vol. 103 Iss: 7, pp.460 478. This study shows the food journal upon

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the influence of consumer behaviour within the Spanish food retail industry

reveals that in Spain, food distribution has been revolutionised over the past 15

years. Traditional food stores are in the process of slowly disappearing, while

hypermarkets and supermarkets are increasing their presence, and more

importantly, their market share. To understand better the causes behind thisrevolution, examines the existent literature on distribution trends, generally, in

Spain. The Spanish distribution industry is marked by governmental

deintermediation, consumers orientation toward value and competitors quest

for efficiency through centralisation, as well as the development of new

services and micro marketing actions, with the objective of increasing

customer loyalty. Focuses on Spanish food product distribution, marked by the

progressive drop in the number of traditional stores, the appearance of

discounters specialising in the sale of own-brands and having aggressiveprices, the notable growth of hypermarkets Traditional food stores are in the

process of slowly disappearing, while hypermarkets and supermarkets are

increasing their presence, and more importantly, their market share.

positioning themselves between hypermarkets and discounters.

3. OCass, A. (2001). Consumer self-monitoring, materialism and

involvement in fashion clothing. Australian Marketing Journal 9 (1), 46-60.According to the construct of consumer involvement is important in

understanding consumer behaviors related to consumer possessions and there

are several broad types of consumer involvement that can be related to the

product, to the message, or to the perceiver.

4. Auty, S. and Elliot, R. (1998). Fashion involvement, self-monitoring and

the Meaning of brands.Journal of Product and Brand Management 7(2), 109-

123. Since the young adults pay more attention to fashion, this age group must

figure highly in any study of clothing .In a study of fashion involvement, self-monitoring and the meaning of brands; perceptions of brands. it was found that

they were perceived differently according to the age and sex of the respondent.

The Results s suggested that women and younger people were most positive

about their trendiness.

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5.Elissa Dickey. McClatchy - Tribune Business News. Washington: Aug 28,

2009.While shopping at Menards, our guests are now able to purchase their

home improvement products and save time by picking up a few groceries such

as frozen pizza, milk, boxed dinners, cereal, canned foods, snacks and more.

Customer service , lady said she doesn't think of their business as a one-stop

shop the way some are because it doesn't sell food products.

6.Stephen Shepherd. GP. London: Jun 10, 2005. pg. 72, 1 pgs.When buying a

suit, start with a classic navy suit and then 1 move on to darker grays. Such a

dark-coloured suit can usually be worn by anyone. Alternative colours,particularly light colours, can be more difficult. With such suits, remember

that your colouring and build have to be taken into account.

7. Journal of Contemporary ChinaVolume 7, Issue 18, 1998, Pages 351

368.This study shows the 1980 China's economic revolution has enabled more

households to allocate labor to market-related activities to earn more income.

In 1992 an even greater surge in market economy growth took place when

urban households began abandoning state-related occupations and took their

chances in the marketplace. The increase in consumer spending that followed

reflects a new pattern of household spending for the first time in China since

1949: the share of spending for food relative to spending for other categories

of goods and services is fast declining. This new trend, already strongly

evident among high income-earning households, is rapidly being replicated by

other households as their incomes rise. During the 1990s new consumer

patterns have emerged in the cities of the coastal provinces that strongly

indicate that a consumer revolution is under way. This revolution has revived

traditional gift-giving between the Chinese people, thus facilitating thestrengthening of their social, economic, and political ties and encouraging

people to emphasize social and political stability.

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=318&pmid=42957&TS=1296284588&clientId=129893&VInst=PROD&VName=PQD&VType=PQDhttp://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=572&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=42957&pcid=48233321&SrchMode=3http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=572&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=42957&pcid=48233321&SrchMode=3http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=318&pmid=55729&TS=1296283455&clientId=129893&VInst=PROD&VName=PQD&VType=PQDhttp://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=572&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=55729&pcid=15678351&SrchMode=3http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~db=all~content=t713429222~tab=issueslist~branches=7#v7http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/gotoissue~db=all~content=a777859876http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=318&pmid=42957&TS=1296284588&clientId=129893&VInst=PROD&VName=PQD&VType=PQDhttp://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=572&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=42957&pcid=48233321&SrchMode=3http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=572&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=42957&pcid=48233321&SrchMode=3http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=318&pmid=55729&TS=1296283455&clientId=129893&VInst=PROD&VName=PQD&VType=PQDhttp://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=572&VType=PQD&VName=PQD&VInst=PROD&pmid=55729&pcid=15678351&SrchMode=3http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~db=all~content=t713429222~tab=issueslist~branches=7#v7http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/gotoissue~db=all~content=a777859876

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Research Design : Descriptive Research

Research Instrument : Structured, un-disguised questionnaire

Sample Method : Non-Probability Sampling

Sample Element : People of different different religion and country are

respondents to Questionnaire

Sample frame : Addresses of all the people who fill the Questionnaire

Sample Size : Different in every article.

Sampling Design : Convenience and snow ball Sampling

Sources of Data : Secondary data

The research design in this study is Descriptive. Descriptive research studies

are those studies, which are concerned with describing the characteristics of a

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particular individual, or of a group. The studies concerned with narration of

facts and characteristics concerning individual, group or situation are all

examples of descriptive research studies.

TYPE OF SAMPLING USED

We used non-probability type of sampling.

In non-probability sampling, the chance of any particular unit in the population

being selected is unknown. Since randomness is not involved in the selection

process, an estimate of the sampling error cannot be made. But this does not

mean that the findings obtained from non-probability sampling are of

questionable value, if properly conducted their findings can be as accurate as

those obtained from probability sampling.

Convenience and Snowball Sampling

As the name implies, a convenience sample is one chosen purely for

expedience (e.g., items are selected because they are easy or cheap to find and

measure.

In snowball sampling we (researcher) has to find only 2-3 persons related to

his or her topic and then they will able to know another persons related to

their research because every person know some other person in same field.

Conclusion

1 From the above studies we conclude that only moderately expressed

ethnocentric tendencies are acceptable in buying behavior of people.

2 Traditional food stores are in the process of slowly disappearing, while

hypermarkets and supermarkets are increasing their presence, and

more importantly, their market share because of their diversified

offering and near cost prices and to open multiple point of sale

3 Mostly women and younger people are most positive about their

trendiness in buying clothes etc.

4 Due to rising income of middle class people the people are shifting to

purchase new trend clothes

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5 Customer want to purchase all the daily cosuming goods at one stop

shop.

6 When customer is buying the clothes,he firstly sees the colour of the

cloth and then decides to buy it or not.

Limitations of the study

1 This study does not compare the buying habits of the students of lpu and

other colleges students. It studies the people of different countries and

religions

2 Most of the study showing the cosumer behavior in buying the clothes.it

talks less about the consumer behavior in purchasing food items

3 This study does not compare the purchasing behavior of students outsidethe campus and inside the campus.

4 This study does not talk about the price of the product which the

customer taken into account to buy a product.

Recommendations

1 In the next few years the customer prefer one stop shop where he can

buy all the consumer durable and non durable goods like big bazaar,

vishal megamart etc. Therefore there is suggestion for the stores to

positon themselves between hypermarkets and discounters.

2 Due to rising income of middle class people, there should be increase in

the demand of new trend clothes.

3 Stores must have large variety of clothes with different colours

REFERENCES

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The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer

Research, Volume 14, Issue 4October 2001 , pages 389 406.

Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis forMarketing(2004) 12, 213230; doi:10.1057/palgrave.jt.5740110.

C. Vignali, E. Gomez, M. Vignali, T. Vranesevic, (2001) "The influence

of consumer behaviour within the Spanish food retail industry", British

Food Journal, Vol. 103 Iss: 7, pp.460 478.

OCass, A. (2001). Consumer self-monitoring, materialism and

involvement in fashion clothing. Australian Marketing Journal 9 (1),

46-60.

Elissa Dickey. McClatchy - Tribune Business News. Washington: Aug

28, 2009

Stephen Shepherd. GP. London: Jun 10, 2005. pg. 72, 1 pgs.

Journal of Contemporary ChinaVolume 7, Issue 18, 1998, Pages 351

368

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