Role Role ofof thethe MBSMBS--NIB in NIB in thethepreparationpreparation ofof thethe nationalnational

Marine Marine EnvironmentEnvironment ManagementManagement Plan Plan accordingaccording to to

WaterWater FrameworkFramework DirectiveDirectiveandand

Marine Strategy Framework DirectiveMarine Strategy Framework DirectiveMarine Strategy Framework DirectiveMarine Strategy Framework Directive

20 20 MayMay 2011 2011

photos: MBS staff

Janja FRANCÉ & Martina ORLANDO BONACAJanja FRANCÉ & Martina ORLANDO BONACA

• WFD was published in December 2000 in the Official Journal of the European

Communities - a milestone in the history of water policies in Europe

• WFD establishes a framework for the protection of all waters (inland surface

waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater)

• OBJECTIVES:

WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVEDirective 2000/60/EC

• OBJECTIVES:

1. to prevent further deterioration and to protect and to enhances the status of

water resources;

2. to promote sustainable water use;

3. to enhance protection and improvement of the aquatic environment, through

specific measures for the progressive reduction of discharges;

4. to ensure the progressive reduction of pollution of groundwater and prevent its

further pollution;

5. to contribute to mitigating the effects of floods and droughts.

• Overall, WFD aims at achieving good

ecological quality status for all waters by

2015!

• this status is based upon the biological,

hydromorphological and physico-chemical quality

elements, with the biological elements being elements, with the biological elements being

especially important

• Coastal waters - from the coast to the distance of

one nautical mile

• typology of coastal waters (2 types)

• 4 water bodies (WB)

• biological quality elements (coastal waters):

– phytoplankton,

– macroalgae,

– benthic invertebrate fauna

• 5 ecological quality classes:

– high

– good

– moderate

– poor

– bad

• in 2006 the first assessment of the ecological status of

Slovenian coastal waters was done => surveillance and

operational monitoring started in 2007

7 sampling stations on rocky

bottom - MACROALGAE

6 sampling stations on soft

bottom - INVERTEBRATES

4 stations for water column

sampling -

PHYTOPLANKTON

WB Site EEI SiteWeighted

EEI EQR WB

PO8 9Iz4 4

RR1 10Pa2 10

SI5VT4 9.00 0.88

VT2VT1

The first monitoring results have confirmed the GOOD

ecological status of Slovenian coastal waters evaluated with

benthic biological elements.

BENTHIC ELEMENTS – Macroalgae and invertebrates

Pa2 10PP4 9.50Por2 7Se1 9

SI5VT5 7.84 0.73

WB SiteEQR Site

EQR WB

VT3P2 0.58SI5VT3 VT3P4 0.61 0.62

VT3P6 0.66VT5P6 0.72

SI5VT5 VT5P7 0.69 0.71VT5P8 0.72

Se1

Por2

Por1

PP4

Pa2

RR1 Iz4

PO8

SD_VT5_P8

SD_VT5_P7

SD_VT5_P6

SD_VT3_P6

SD_VT3_P4

SD_VT3_P2

N

S

W E

0 4 km

VT5

VT3

VT4

VT2

VT3

VT4

PHYTOPLANKTON – concentration of Chlorophyll a

Water body EQR Ecological quality status

[SI5VT2] 0,87 HIGH

[SI5VT3] 0,72 GOOD

[SI5VT4] 0,91 HIGH

[SI5VT5] 0,89 HIGH

First assessment 2000-2002

VT5

Monitoring 2007

Water body Chl a

(µg/l)

EQR - Ecological quality

status

[SI5VT2] 0,87 >1 HIGH

[SI5VT3] 0,72 0,98 HIGH

[SI5VT4] 0,91 >1 HIGH

[SI5VT5] 0,89 >1 HIGH

Monitoring 2008

Water body Chl a

(µg/l)

EQR - Ecological quality

status

[SI5VT2] 0,62 >1 HIGH

[SI5VT3] 0,66 >1 HIGH

[SI5VT4] 0,59 >1 HIGH

[SI5VT5] 0,52 >1 HIGH

ECOLOGICAL QUALITY STATUS OF SLOVENIAN COASTAL

WATER BODIES

Water body SI5VT2 SI5VT3 SI5VT4 SI5VT5

Elements_EQR

Phytoplankton 1,01 0,98 1,21 1,34

Macroalgae 0,90 0,85

Invertebrates 0,63 0,71

EQR_total 1,01 0,63 0,90 0,71

Ecological status HIGH GOOD HIGH GOOD

Monitoring 2007

Ecological status HIGH GOOD HIGH GOOD

Water body SI5VT2 SI5VT3 SI5VT4 SI5VT5

Elements_EQR

Phytoplankton > 1 > 1 > 1 > 1

Macroalgae 0,85 0,67

Invertebrates 0,61 0,72

EQR_total > 1 0,61 0,85 0,67

Ecological status HIGH MODERATE HIGH GOOD

Monitoring 2008

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGIES

not yet fully developed

for the assessment of:

• ecological status of phytoplankton,

• classes of physico-chemical parameters, • classes of physico-chemical parameters,

• ecological status of rocky bottom invertebrates in

relation to hydromorphological parameters,

• ecological potential of heavily modified water body

of Bay of Koper (WT3).

• final phase of intercalibration in course

ConceptualConceptual frameworkframework

• Preparation of the initial assessment of marine waters, according to the analysis of elements of Tabs1 & 2 of Annex III MSFD � 2012,

• Determination of a set of characteristics for GoodEnvironmental Status (GES) � 2012,

Establishment of Environmental Targets & • Establishment of Environmental Targets & associated indicators � for the achievement of GES in the marine environment � 2012,

• Development, application and testing ofmethodologies � establishment of monitoringprogrammes � 2014/2015.

• Funds?

1.1. BiologicalBiological diversitydiversity isis maintainedmaintained..• status of habitat types – bottom structure

and status of communities; open waters?

StudingStuding qualitativequalitative DescriptorsDescriptorsforfor determiningdetermining GESGES

• status of species (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroalgae, benthic

0 20 m

macroalgae, benthic invertebrates, seagrasses).

AureliaAurelia auritaCymodoceaCymodocea nodosanodosa

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

2. 2. NonNon--indigenous species indigenous species introducedintroduced by by human activities are at levels that do human activities are at levels that do not not adverselyadversely alteralter the ecosystem.the ecosystem.

BursatellaBursatella leachiileachiiCodiumCodium fragilefragile fragilefragile CrassostreaCrassostrea gigasgigas

TeraponTerapon therapstherapsMnemiopsis leidyi

negative negative consequencesconsequences??

44.. AllAll elementselements ofof thethe marinemarine foodfood webswebsoccuroccur atat normalnormal abundanceabundance andand diversdiversityity..

• Phytoplankton � abundance of groups (1990-2010), abundance of species (2005-2010),

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

PseudoPseudo--nitzschianitzschia sp.sp.

• Zooplankton � biomass (1992-2002, 2004-2008),• occurrence of jellyfish(> 100 years in NA).

• all other groups?• trophic relationships?

2010),

55.. HumanHuman--inducedinduced eutrophicationeutrophication isisminimisedminimised,, especiallyespecially adverseadverse effectseffectsthereofthereof,, suchsuch asas losseslosses inin biodiversitybiodiversity,,ecosystemecosystem degradationdegradation,, harmfulharmful algaealgaebloomsblooms && oxigenoxigen deficiencydeficiency inin bottombottomwaterswaters..

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

waterswaters..

• Nutrients , transparency, dissolved oxygen (1989-2010),

• phytoplankton – biomass, Chla (1989-2010),

• toxic species of phytoplankton (1994-2010),

• benthic flora – algae & seagrasses (2006-2010).

66.. SeaSea floorfloor integrityintegrity isis atat levellevel thatthatensuresensures thatthat thethe structurestructure && thethefunctionsfunctions ofof thethe ecosystemsecosystems arearesafeguardedsafeguarded..

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

• Benthic invertebrates of

• macroalgae on rocky bottom (2006-2010),• seagrasses on sedimentary bottom (2009-2010),• funds for samplings in open waters?

• Benthic invertebrates ofsedimentary bottom (2006 -2011),• BI on rocky bottom (2008 -2010),

77.. PermanentPermanent alterationsalterations ofof hydrographicalhydrographicalconditionsconditions doesdoes notnot adverselyadversely affectaffect marinemarineecosystemsecosystems..

• Data analysis� annual and seasonal T regime,speed of currents, wave exposure,characteristics of the mixing water column.

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

speed of currents, wave exposure,characteristics of the mixing water column.

• Development of Modeling Tools for S and T ofthe sea � to evaluate deviations from theaverage.

• Analysis of spatial and temporal distributionof S, nutrients (N and P) and oxygen and pHchanges in relation to depth.

77.. PermanentPermanent alterationsalterations ofof hydrographicalhydrographicalconditionsconditions doesdoes notnot adverselyadversely affectaffect marinemarineecosystemsecosystems..

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

88.. ConcentrationsConcentrations ofof contaminantscontaminants areare atatlevelslevels notnot givinggiving riserise toto pollutionpollution effectseffects..

• Sea water - only data for the classical organiccontaminants (chlorinated compounds, hydrocarbons)and metals (monitorings),

• Sediments and tissues of mussels (Mytilus

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

• Sediments and tissues of mussels (Mytilusgalloprovincialis) -a) hydrocarbons AH & PAH, Cd and Hg (Barcelona Convention � standard methodology),b) organotin compounds like TBT,

• Analyses in 2011 for other metals (complete historical data), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides (eg. DDT).

99.. ContaminantsContaminants inin fishfish andand otherother seafoodseafood forforhumanhuman consumptionconsumption dodo notnot exceedexceed levelslevelsestablishedestablished byby CommunityCommunity legislationlegislation..

• Contamination by hydrocarbons (aliphatic andaromatic) and heavy metals (Cd, Hg) in mussels

DescriptorsDescriptors GESGES

aromatic) and heavy metals (Cd, Hg) in mussels(Barcelona Convention),

• 2011 � analysis in the fish tissues and inclusion ofbiomarkers � to determine the biological effectsof pollution with hazardous substances (eg.permanent genotoxic damage).

Comparable implementation and coordination Comparable implementation and coordination withwith MS MS withinwithin thethe same Marine same Marine RegionRegion or or

SubSub--RegionRegion

• Comparable preparation of the initialassessment & definition of GES descriptors� MBS-NIB will be included in the process of� MBS-NIB will be included in the process ofjoint implementation MSFD at EU level,

• expected cooperation with MS of theAdriatic sub-region and the Mediterraneanregion in the implementatio of the program,

• MBS-NIB � support to the ME in draftingregulations at least until 2015.

Thank you Thank you for your attentionfor your attention