RPL Bab5 Perancangan Pemodelan

7/23/2019 RPL Bab5 Perancangan Pemodelan

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REKAYASA PERANGKATREKAYASA PERANGKATLUNAK (RPL)LUNAK (RPL)

PerancanganPerancangan PLPLPemodelanPemodelan


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RPLRPL --Perancangan PLPerancangan PL --Pemodelan / Tri A. Kurniawan, S.T, M.T, Ph.DPemodelan / Tri A. Kurniawan, S.T, M.T, Ph.D 22/32/32

TujuanTujuan perkuliahanperkuliahan

MemahamiMemahami pendekatanpendekatan terstrukturterstruktur

MemahamiMemahami pendekatanpendekatan berorientasiberorientasi objekobjek


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AgendaAgenda

PemodelanPemodelan pendekatanpendekatan terstrukturterstruktur

PemodelanPemodelan pendekatanpendekatan berorientasiberorientasi objekobjek


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MetodeMetode

Functional DesignFunctional Design

BerorientasiBerorientasi padapada fungsifungsi

Structured Design (Structured Design (ConstantinConstantin& Yourdon& Yourdon, 1979),, 1979),Step wise Refinement (Step wise Refinement (WirthWirth, 1971, 1976), Jackson, 1971, 1976), Jackson

Structured Programming (Structured Programming (JacksonJackson, 1975),, 1975), dlldll..

ObjectObject--oriented Designoriented DesignBerorientasiBerorientasi padapada objekobjek/data/data

BoochBooch

(1994), Meyer (1988), Jacobson et all (1993),(1994), Meyer (1988), Jacobson et all (1993),

dlldll..


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PemodelanPemodelan TerstrukturTerstruktur

((Functional Design)Functional Design)


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Functional Design ApproachesFunctional Design Approaches

Transform MappingTransform Mapping-- langkahlangkah perancanganperancangan untukuntuk tipetipe DFDDFD

transform flowtransform flow::

Incoming flowIncoming flow:: aliran/jaluraliran/jalur informasiinformasi eksternaleksternal masukmasuk keke sistemsistem untukuntuk

ditransformasikanditransformasikan menjadimenjadi informasiinformasi internalinternal

Transform centerTransform center:: pusatpusat transformasitransformasi didi dalamdalam sistemsistem yangyang akanakan

mentrigermentriger informasiinformasi keluarkeluar daridari sistemsistem

Outgoing flowOutgoing flow:: aliran/jaluraliran/jalur informasiinformasi internalinternal keluarkeluar daridari sistemsistem menjadimenjadi

informasiinformasi eksternaleksternal

Transaction MappingTransaction Mapping-- langkahlangkah perancanganperancangan untukuntuk tipetipe DFDDFD

transaction flowtransaction flow::

TransactionTransaction: data: data tunggaltunggal yangyang mentrigermentriger satusatu atauatau beberapabeberapa aliranalirandatadata

Transaction centerTransaction center:: penghubungpenghubung antaraantara aliranaliran--aliranaliran datadata hasilhasil

pentrigeranpentrigeran dengandengan datadata trigernyatrigernya

Action pathAction path:: aliran/jaluraliran/jalur informasiinformasi hasilhasil trigertriger


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Functional Design ApproachesFunctional Design Approaches

Transform flowTransform flow:: tipetipe dasardasar DFDDFD

Transaction flowTransaction flow::

a

b

cd

f

g

e

h

incomingflow

transformcenter

outgoingflow

a c

b

d e

f

g

h

transaction

transaction

center

action path


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Transform MappingTransform Mapping

LangkahLangkah--langkahlangkah Transform MappingTransform Mapping::

ReviewReviewdandan refinerefineDFDDFD sampaisampai keke level palinglevel paling bawahbawah

TentukanTentukan apakahapakah DFDDFD tsbtsb.. memilikimemiliki karakteristikkarakteristik tipetipetransform flowtransform flowatauatau transaction flowtransaction flow

TentukanTentukan batasbatas antaraantara incoming flowincoming flow,, transformtransform

centercenterdandan outgoing flowoutgoing flow

BangunBangun first level factoringfirst level factoring

BangunBangun second level factoringsecond level factoring

Refine first iterationRefine first iteration

ContohContoh Transform MappingTransform Mapping:: SafeHomeSafeHomeSecuritySecurity

SoftwareSoftware


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Transform MappingTransform Mapping ContohContoh

DFD level 1 :DFD level 1 :

1*

Interact

with user

2*

Configure

system

3Activate

/deactivate

sytem

4

Display

messages

and status

5*

Process

password

6*

Monitor

sensors

configurationinformation

user commands

and dataControlpanel

Sensors

Controlpanel

display

Alarm

Telephoneline

configure

request

configuration

data

start stoppassword

valid ID msg.

A/D msg.

configuration

data

configuration

data

sensor status

sensor

information

alarm type

telephone number tones

display

information


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DFD level 2 :DFD level 2 : Monitor sensorsMonitor sensors

6.3*

Format for

display

6.2*

Assess

against setup

6.4

Generatealarm

signal

6.1Read

sensors

6.5*

Dial phone

configuration

information

sensor

information

sensor status

sensor ID, type

configuration

data

alarm type

telephone number

tones

telephone

number

alarm data

sensor ID, type,

location


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DFD level 3 :DFD level 3 : Monitor sensorsMonitor sensors

1

Read

sensors

configuration

information

sensor status

2

Acquire

response

info

3

Establish

alarmconditions

8

Generate

pulses to

line

4

Select

phone

number

5

Set up

conn. to

phone net

9Generate

display6

Format

display

7

Generatealarm

signal

sensor ID, type

configuration

data

sensor

information

alarm type

telephone number

tones

formated ID,

type, location

alarm data

alarm cond.

code, sensor ID,

timing

information

list of

numbers

telephone

number

tone ready

telephone

number

sensor ID, type,

location


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First level factoring :First level factoring : Monitor sensorsMonitor sensors

configuration

information

8

9

6

7

1

2

3

4

5

Monitorsensors

executive

Sensor input

controller

Alarm conditions

controller

Alarm output

controller


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Second level factoring :Second level factoring : Monitor sensorsMonitor sensors

Monitor

sensorsexecutive

Sensor inputcontroller

Alarm conditionscontroller

Alarm outputcontroller

Formatdisplay

Generatealarm signal

Set up conn.to phone net

Generatedisplay

Generatepulses to line

Establish alarmconditions

Select phonenumber

Acquireresponse info

Readsensors


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Refine first iteration :Refine first iteration : Monitor sensorsMonitor sensors

Incoming controllerIncoming controllerdihapusdihapus : data input: data input tunggaltunggal,, cukupcukup sederhanasederhana

Transform controllerTransform controllerdihapusdihapus dandan digabungdigabung dalamdalam satusatu modulmodul :: adaada

penurunanpenurunan tingkattingkat kohesifitaskohesifitas

Format displayFormat displaydandan generate displaygenerate displaydigabungdigabung :: sederhanasederhana

Monitorsensors

executive



Producedisplay



Generatepulses to line


Readsensors


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Transaction MappingTransaction Mapping

LangkahLangkah--langkahlangkah Transaction MappingTransaction Mapping::

ReviewReviewdandan refinerefineDFDDFD sampaisampai keke level palinglevel paling bawahbawah

TentukanTentukan apakahapakah DFDDFD tsbtsb.. memilikimemiliki karakteristikkarakteristik tipetipetransform flowtransform flowatauatau transaction flowtransaction flow

TentukanTentukan batasbatas antaraantara incoming path/transaction,incoming path/transaction,

transaction centertransaction center dandanaction pathaction pathBangunBangun first level factoringfirst level factoring

BangunBangun second level factoringsecond level factoring

Refine first iterationRefine first iteration

ContohContoh Transaction MappingTransaction Mapping:: SafeHomeSafeHome

Security SoftwareSecurity Software


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Transaction MappingTransaction Mapping

Transaction structuringTransaction structuring

r

s

a

b

d

p

q

Transactioncontrol

b

a

d

c1

q r s

p

DispatcherReceptionpath


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Transaction MappingTransaction MappingContohContoh

DFD level 2 :DFD level 2 : User interactionUser interaction

3

Readpassword

2

Invoke

command

processing

4

Compare

password

w/ file

1

Read user

command

configuration

information

5

Activate/d

eactivate

system

6

Display

message

& status

7

Read

system

data

8

Build

configurat

ion file

command

type

start stop

user commands

and data

configure

request

password

raw

configurationdata

configuration

data

A/D msg.

configurationdata

configurationdata

four digits display

informationvalid ID msg.


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First/Second level factoring :First/Second level factoring : User interactionUser interaction

Userinteractionexecutive

Readuser

command

Systemconfiguration

controller

Invokecommandprocessing

Activate/deactivate

system

Passwordprocessingcontroller

Read systemdata

Buildconfiguration file

Readpassword

Comparepassword w/

file

Displaymessages &

status


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ArsitekturArsitektur SafeHomeSafeHomeSecurity SoftwareSecurity Software

Userinteractionexecutive

Readuser

command

System

configurationcontroller

Invokecommandprocessing

Activate

/deactivatesystem

Password

processingcontroller

Read systemdata

Buildconfiguration file

Readpassword

Comparepassword w/

file

Displaymessages &

status

SafeHomeSecurity

Monitorsensors

executive



Producedisplay



Generate

pulses to line


Readsensors


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LatihanLatihan


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PemodelanPemodelan BerorientasiBerorientasi ObjekObjek

((ObjectObject--oriented Design)oriented Design)


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OOA, OOD, OOPOOA, OOD, OOP

ObjectObject--oriented analysis, design andoriented analysis, design and

programming are related but distinctprogramming are related but distinct

OOA is concerned with developing an objectOOA is concerned with developing an objectmodel of the application domainmodel of the application domain

OOD is concerned with developing an objectOOD is concerned with developing an object--

oriented system model to implement requirementsoriented system model to implement requirements

OOP is concerned with realising an OOD usingOOP is concerned with realising an OOD using

an OO programming language such as Java oran OO programming language such as Java orC++C++


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KonsepKonsep

MetodeMetode untukuntuk melakukanmelakukan dekomposisidekomposisi arsitekturarsitektur

sistemsistem berdasarkanberdasarkan objekobjek--objekobjek yangyang dimanipulasidimanipulasi

oleholeh sistemsistem yangyang sedangsedang dibangundibangunIdentifikasiIdentifikasi dandan mendefinisikanmendefinisikan klasklas--klasklas tambahantambahan

ygyg merefleksikanmerefleksikan implementasiimplementasi daridari kebutuhankebutuhan--

kebutuhankebutuhan hasilhasil analisisanalisisNotasiNotasi = OOA= OOA

ProsesProses ::

PerancanganPerancangan sistemsistem :: strukturstruktur klasklas,, user interfaceuser interface,, datadata

managementmanagement

PerancanganPerancangan objekobjek :: atribut/strukturatribut/struktur data,data, algoritmaalgoritma operasioperasi


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StrukturStruktur klasklas

GunakanGunakan klasklas--klasklas hasilhasil analisisanalisis dandan tambahkantambahkan

sesuaisesuai dengandengan kebutuhankebutuhan perancanganperancangan

ReuseReusejikajika memungkinkanmemungkinkan

packagingpackaging:: pengelompokanpengelompokan klasklas--klasklas ygyg sesuaisesuai

Vehicle

color

style

yearmake

VehicleOTS

VIN

validateVIN()

Vehicle

VIN

color

styleyear

make

validateVIN()

VehicleOTS

VIN

validateVIN()

Model dari OOA Model OTS


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Package diagramPackage diagram


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Finding classesFinding classes

Identifying object classes is often a difficult part ofIdentifying object classes is often a difficult part ofobject oriented designobject oriented design

There is no 'magic formula' for objectThere is no 'magic formula' for objectidentification. It relies on the skill, experience andidentification. It relies on the skill, experience anddomain knowledge of system designers.domain knowledge of system designers.

Object identification is an iterative process. YouObject identification is an iterative process. Youare unlikely to get it right first time.are unlikely to get it right first time.

Use domain analysis as beforeUse domain analysis as before

Use a grammatical approach based on a naturalUse a grammatical approach based on a naturallanguage description of the systemlanguage description of the system

Base the identification on tangible things in theBase the identification on tangible things in the

application domainapplication domain


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Finding classesFinding classes

Derive them from the use casesDerive them from the use cases

(descriptions/scenarios)(descriptions/scenarios)

Look for data which must be stored or analysedLook for data which must be stored or analysedAre there external systems?Are there external systems?

Are there any devices under the control of theAre there any devices under the control of thesystem?system?

Are there any organisational parts?Are there any organisational parts?


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Object DesignObject Design

AttributesAttributes

Describe the state and characteristics of the objectDescribe the state and characteristics of the object

Must be typed : primitive or classMust be typed : primitive or classOnlyOnly namenameandand typetypeare mandatoryare mandatory

OperationsOperations

Operations manipulate attributes and perform otherOperations manipulate attributes and perform other

taskstasks

Scope is the classScope is the class

Operation signature is composed of name,Operation signature is composed of name,

parameters and return typeparameters and return type


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Object DesignObject Design

SifatSifat aksesakses atributatribut dandan operasioperasi/service :/service :

privateprivate((klas/objekklas/objek ybsybs.).)

protectedprotected((klas/objekklas/objek ybsybs.. dandan turunannyaturunannya))publicpublic((semuasemua klas/objekklas/objek))

AlgoritmaAlgoritma operasioperasi untukuntuk implementasiimplementasi

spesifikasispesifikasi daridari setiapsetiap operasioperasi

operasi manipulasi data (set, delete, get, dll.)operasi manipulasi data (set, delete, get, dll.)

operasi komputasioperasi komputasioperasi pengontrolanoperasi pengontrolan


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OperationsOperationspolymorphismpolymorphism

Polymorphism meansPolymorphism means manymany(poly)(poly) shapesshapes

(morph)(morph)

There are two kinds of polymorphism:There are two kinds of polymorphism:OverloadingOverloading

Two or more methods with different signatures with theTwo or more methods with different signatures with the

same namesame nameThey essentially do the same thing, e.g. class constructorsThey essentially do the same thing, e.g. class constructors

OverridingOverriding

Replacing an inherited method class with another havingReplacing an inherited method class with another havingthe same signature (no matter with different parameterthe same signature (no matter with different parameterss

name)name)

Do different thing using the same methodDo different thing using the same method

s signatures signature


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LatihanLatihan


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PenutupPenutup

PemodelanPemodelan perancanganperancangan dilakukandilakukan berdasarkanberdasarkan

hasilhasil pemodelanpemodelan analisisanalisis kebutuhankebutuhan (RE(RE

modeling)modeling)TransformTransform dandan transaction mappingtransaction mapping digunakandigunakan

untukuntuk membangunmembangun arsitekturarsitektur PLPL berdasarkanberdasarkan

DFDDFD

OODOOD dilakukandilakukan berdasarkanberdasarkan hasilhasil OOAOOA dengandengan

perluasanperluasan klasklasjikajika diperlukandiperlukan untukuntuk keperluankeperluanimplementasiimplementasi

Documents

RPL Bab5 Perancangan Pemodelan