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01234
S688 56%78
A 59:4
0517-6611(2017)25-0164-05
StudyonLandscapePlantInvestigationandApplicationinParksofChengduCityZHAOYang,YUEBisong (LaboratoryofRareandEndangeredWildlife,CollegeofLifeScience,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu,Sichuan610065)Abstract Methodsofonsiteinvestigationanddatacollectionwereusedtostudylandscapeplantsin10parksofChengdu.Thecharactericsofapplicationandimprovementsuggestionsforlandscapeplantsineachplacewereanalyzedfromtheaspectsofplantspecies,livingform,ornamentalfeatures,rareorendangeredandtoxictypeandsoon.Thisarticletriedtoofferaproposalforimprovingapplicationoflandscapeplants.Theresultsindicatedthat:therewereplentifulspeciesinChengduparkswhichbelongto331genera,134families,and437species;therewerealotofflowersandfruitsthroughouttheyearandfloweringplantswereeverywhere.Butsometypesofplantswereusedfewersuchasvines,aquaticplants,rareandendangeredplantsandcolorleafedplants,thetoxiclandscapeplantswereusedcommonly.Sosomesuggestionswereproposedsuchasthewetlandspaceplantlandscapecouldbericher,theutilizationefficiencyoftheverticalspaceshouldbeimproved,colorleafedplantscouldbeplantedmorethanever,thenaturaleducationactivitiesshouldlaunchplentifully.Keywords ChengduCity;Landscapeplants;Investigation;Urbanpark
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2017-07-19
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1 yzÉuÍÎÏ�ÐÑ
Table1 Summaryofsurveyparkarea
£P
Codegd
Nameúû
Area∥hm2
1úV55=
32.322
«45=
10.003
?;5=
28.004
4L5=
26.805
Q45=
10.006
·`5=
11.277
,Vû5=
8.178
ñáü5=
11.009
«ÝO+=
51.6010
t~5=
24.00
2.2 ��k�JK
Þ��.5=Púû
、'I-P_Ë
、
¹t0
({ø
、�ø
、�A
、HA
、~¹
、ÚÅ
、��
、�ý
)、�
�
、zj
、ì;3ñ
[ìV
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、ì¯
、Ñí
、# 0
(# 0
ì;O+Yl5-ßÅWì;3ñPO+
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、V
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;ÿíPO+
;%�ÅYVj"lì;fñPO+
)]、�7
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、í�q9
、wñ]_þ�âX�ýð
,hªXõ��
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(l5=!lì;34O+��
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,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2017,45(25):164-168
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,Xõ«Ýx=2O+��3=
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3 RSI2T
3.1 uLvÂ}3I¬Æ
«Ýxéùú"5=(lO
+
437-
,ãI�
134'
331I
,¬!�4O+
114'
205I
402-
,ù4O+
8'
14I
21-
,��O+
11'
11I
13
-
,�ýO+
1'
1I
1-
(Ä
2)。�5=O+-�"ù
100-ÅW
,O+-�RS
;�4O+Oõ§
,ù4O+{��O
+-�Ó^
。2Ð-_ÓÚP'løÿ'
(Oleaceae)(10-
)、, '
(Liliaceae)(14-
)、øQ'
(Magnoliaceae)(17-
)、F'
(Leguminosae)(19-
)、N'
(Compositae)(20-
)、
!i'
(Rosaceae)(28-
)。
X
2 ÆÈrÉuv¬Æ
Table2 CompositionofparkplantsinChengdu
5=gd
Parkname
'g
Familyname
Ig
Genusname
-g
Speciesname
O��0
Vegetationtypes
�4O+
Angiospermù4O+
Gymnosperm��O+
Fern�ýO+
Bryophyte
«45=
ChenghuaPark 64 93 106 95 6 5 0ñáü5=
WangjiangbuildingPark 73 123 139 129 7 2 14L5=
TazishanPark 67 112 129 119 6 4 0t~5=
LivewaterPark 84 152 166 153 6 7 0?;5=
EastlakePark 73 116 134 121 8 5 0Q45=
XinhuaPark 68 128 141 130 6 5 0·`5=
Thepeople’sPark 73 130 148 134 9 4 1,Vû5=
BaihuatanPark 89 156 180 162 11 7 0úV55=
HuanhuaxiPark 85 154 177 161 9 6 1«ÝO+=
ChengduBotanicalGarden 104 206 253 227 14 11 1w{
Total 134 331 437 402 21 13 1 ß
:éæ%ß�A'O+
,qç
Note:thesurveydoesnotinvolvegramineousplants,thesamebelow
3.2 uLvÂú¢Îß2P
Þ«Ýx
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ø
、�ø
、�A
、HA
、~¹
、ÚÅ
、��
、�ýÅß{ø
、�
ø
、HAO+��{zj-_�âhª
(Ä
2)。ÎÄ
3�
Ï
:①{ø
、�øù5="���O
;�5=��{ø-_
Ð^�zj{ø
,���ø-_"h�zj�ø-�
,��
O+w-_
({ø
+�ø
+HA
)(148-
)Ðh�zjO+
w-_
(119-
),¦-��3=�Å(c«Ýxr'�É
,
�%lG�ì
,åùÄ'l©ÖP2�M#
,��$
。
②{ø
、�øù�5="���O
,�5={ø-�ü"ù
28%ÅW
,�øù
22%ÅW
。③~¹O+
、HAO+
、��
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Mù�V%0ùO+="��{�
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⑤�ýO+V&
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3 ÆÈrÉuvÂWdßâÆ
Table3 CharacteristicsandcompositionofparkplantsinChengduCity
5=gd
Parkname
{ø
Arbor
��
Evergreenzj
Deciduous
�ø
Shrub
��
Evergreenzj
Deciduous
HA
Vine
��
Evergreenzj
Deciduous
�A
Herbage~¹
Aquaticplant
ÚÅ
Succulentplant
��
Pteridophytes
�ý
Bryophyte
«45=
ChenghuaPark 12 27 18 11 2 2 25 4 0 5 0ñáü5=
WangjiangBuildingPark 17 24 40 8 1 2 35 9 0 2 14L5=
TazishanPark 15 29 21 12 1 1 43 3 0 4 0t~5=
LiveWaterPark 18 29 26 16 3 1 55 11 0 7 0?;5=
EastLakePark 23 24 22 12 1 0 42 5 0 5 0Q45=
XinhuaPark 22 26 25 14 2 2 41 4 0 5 0·`5=
Thepeople′sPark 24 27 23 11 3 2 45 8 0 4 1,Vû5=
BaihuatanPark 26 33 35 19 2 2 47 9 0 7 0úV55=
HuanhuaxiPark 28 40 34 19 2 3 39 5 0 6 1«ÝO+=
Chengdu 48 56 50 19 2 1 49 3 3 11 1BotanicalGardenw{
Total 70 80 74 36 4 3 136 17 3 13 1
3.3 uLvÂkÑ�W2T
éùú"ìVO+(l
160-
,ãI�
61'
125I
;ì¯O+(l
19-
,ãI�
14
'
15I
;ìjO+(
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,ãI�
40'
50I
;ìÑíO+
(l
7-
,ãI�
5'
5I
;# 0ì;O+(
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,ãI�
41'
81I
。Îc
1�Ï
,�5=O+ì;3ñPð�KOý
´M# ì;0
、ìV
、ìj
、ì¯
、ìÑ0
,¬!# ì;0{
ìVO+��"h�¬]ì;0O+
,Y«Ýx"����P
�0
;×çì;�0O+ù�5="��ÓM"W
。
56145ï
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°µ1B22»�:eÌé9aed
1
1 _`kÑ�WvÂËw2ut2P
Fig.1 Thedistributionofplantswithdifferentornamentalchar
acteristicesineachpark
5þO++¥¬ÞO+ì;¾$hª
(c
2),�ÅÅ
�
:«Ýx�%r'"lV¯�úì;
,5¾>VO+-�Ë
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,9¾®¯O+-�ËÚ
,1¾>V{®¯O+-�Ë^
;4~5¾YËy×PìVø¬
,8~10¾Yì¯Ëy×ø¬
;5-7
��Ï«Ýx
4~10¾"lhËO+�úì;
,² ¬
“"Ð
Ë)QÚCx
”“"Ð=2Cx
”PdP
。¬!O+=*MÃ
©ùú"'�P#²=
,÷'V%hÅßxVø()
(Hibiscusmutabilis)
hMÚ1u'
,8âVO+ì;V¯Py×¾$å
,7¦O+="ìV{# ì;0O+P��ËÚ
。
1
2 ÒkSvÂkÑF2P
Fig.2 Theflowerseasonandthefruitingseasonoftheland
scapeplants
«Ýx"�OP�jO+-�ØÄ
4,ÎÄ�Ï
:�7j
O+(l
38-
;¬!VjO+
11-
,&7jO+
14-
,�7
jO+
9-
,÷7jO+
4-
,ù��V<"lXP
,Ôù�
�VO�w-_!2Oüo(^
("þ�
6%)。�="*
+�OO+-�ÓMÈ�
:{øÚM~x
(Metasequoiaglyptostroboides)、
bñ
(Ginkgobiloba)、,ÿ
(Koelreuteriapaniculata)、
äh
(Acerpalmatum‘Atropurpureum’)、ãj×
(Prunuscerasiferaf.atropurpurea)、
R-
(Punicagranatum)、øÿ
(Osmanthusfragrans)、
�.�
(Cinnamomumjaponicum);�øÚM
b£#jxy
(Aucubajaponica‘Variegata’)、äV�ø
(Loropetalumchinensevar.rubrum)、
äjR/
(Photiniaserrulata)、5�
S
(Nandinadomestica),�5=ôéí«3l'×Gì
。
3.4 �ÓÔÕp�ÖvÂ2P�{
é5=!(lí�
q9O+
17-
,ãI�
11'
14I
(Ä
5),̄OéO+w
X
4 ÆÈrc�×�vÂ}3ß2P
Table4 ThedistributionofexistingcolorfulleafedplantsinChengduCity
£P
NumberO+g
Plantnamez{g
Scientificname7j
LeafcolorXP
Distribution1
Vjÿ�
(Vj!L�
) AlpiniazerumbetVj
62
Vj]Îä
HippeastrumrutilumVj
13
VjR¼d
AcorusgramineusVj
14
£L0Q
Chlorophytumcomosumcv.mediopictumVj
45
£¼0Q
Chlorophytumcomosumcv.variegatumVj
46
Âz
(?%z
) PlatycladusorientalisVj
37
Vj]ò1
Durantaerecta‘Variegata’Vj
48
Vj�~V
PileacadiereiVj
59
b£#jxy
Aucubajaponica‘Variegata’Vj
910
£Lhjî2
Euonymusjaponicuscv.aureovariegatusVj
611
£¼î2
Euonymusjaponicusvar.aureamarginatursVj
512
345
Liriodendronchinense&7j
413
Í�j,ÿ
Koelreuteriabipinnatavar.integrifoliola&7j
114
#6j,ÿ
Koelreuteriabipinnata&7j
115
,ÿ
Koelreuteriapaniculata&7j
916
ß74
Sapindusmukorossi&7j
417
89
Sapiumsebiferum&7j
218
·:ø
Rhuschinensis&7j
119
hIÿ
Liquidambarformosana&7j
420
~x
Metasequoiaglyptostroboides&7j
1021
bñ
Ginkgobiloba&7j
1022
�Mh
(�M;
) Acerbuergerianum&7j
523
7ø;
(@Mh
) Acermono&7j
224
�<;
Acerpalmatum&7j
125
�¡;
Acertruncatum&7j
1ÍqÄ
661 õö÷ÍÌø
2017|
¾X
4£P
NumberO+g
Plantnamez{g
Scientificname7j
LeafcolorXP
Distribution26
äj�<;
(äh
) Acerpalmatum‘Atropurpureum’�7j
927
äV�ø
Loropetalumchinensevar.rubrum�7j
1028
]^
Cordylinefruticosa�7j
429
ãj=#
Amygdaluspersica�7j
430
äjR/
Photiniaserrulata�7j
931
ãj×
Prunuscerasiferaf.atropurpurea�7j
932
î£ &µ
Melaleucabracteata�7j
733
5�S
Nandinadomestica�7j
1034
ã�>�
(ãS%
) Setcreaseapurpurea�7j
235
�.�
Cinnamomumjaponicum÷7j
1036
R-
Punicagranatum÷7j
1037
øÿ
Osmanthusfragrans÷7j
1038
?@�,
Brunfelsiabrasiliensis÷7j
7 ß
:XPaùéùú"¬XPùÉ.5="
Note:Thedistributionisinseveralparkswithinthescopeoftheinvestigation
-_P
3.89%。¬O��VO+P,XüØc
3。Îc
3�
ũ�
,í�q9O+ù�.5=""lXP
,��Ó^
,
-�ÓMÈ�åÍM·J��
,ôåÞl×ÕöAöß
。l
wO+�-�ÐPó[MÞ·{ÐJ]êá¹lÉ*�P
O+
[12]。ùéùú"
,lwO+
59-
,ãI�
35'
57I
,OéO+w-_P
13.50%。lwO+7¬klÿð
Pì;fñ0ù�="����{�
,¬wñ³�hËÍB
SU�"æ.Þ·��«äÉ
,ù{�!Ó��_Gð
。
1
3 �ÓÔÕvÂp�ÖvÂ2P
Fig.3 Thedistributionofrareandendangeredplantsandtoxic
plants
4 RuIãµ
4.1 ÆÈruLvÂ_`�{
(1)}�Þ«Ýx
10.5==2O+Pé01
,°±
é
10.5=O+-�RS
。¬!{ø
150-
,OO+w-
_üoP
34.32%,zj{ø
80-
,OO+w-_üoP
18.31%,��{ø
70-
,OO+w-_üoP
16.02%;�
ø
110-
,OO+-_üoP
25.17%,���ø
74-
,OO
+w-_üoP
16.93%,zj�ø
36-
,OO+w-_ü
oP
8.24%;��O+
13-
,OO+-_üoP
2.97%;~
¹O+
17-
,OO+-_üoP
3.89%;HAO+
7-
,O
O+-_üoP
1.60%;�ýO+
1-
,OO+-_üoP
0.23%;ÚÅO+�l
3-
,OO+-_üoP
0.69%;�A
O+
136-
,OO+-_üoP
31.12%。(2)
«Ýx�%r'"lV¯�úì;
,5¾>VO+
-�ËÚ
,9¾®¯O+-�ËÚ
,4—5¾YËy×PìV
ø¬
,8—10¾Yì¯Ëy×ø¬
。ìVO+(l
160-
,ì
¯O+l(l
19-
,ìjO+(
57-
,ìÑíO+(l
7-
,# 0ì;O+(
106-
;ìVO+{# ì;0O+
-���ËÚ
。
(3)éùú"øAO+
(�ø
+{ø
)(
260-
,O5
=O+w-_P
59.5%。~¹O+(
17-
,ãI�
11'
15I
,O5=O+w-_P
3.89%,HA(
7-
,ãI�
4'
7I
,O5=O+w-_P
1.60%,�jO+
38-
,ãI�
27'
30I
,O5=O+w-_P
8.70%,ù�5=<"l�
O
,Ô-�Ó^
。
(4)éé
10.5=�Ï
,Ð.5=�ÆO+-�"(
�
100-ÅW
,Ë^PY«45=
,ËÚPY«ÝO+=
,¬
�OO+"ù
120-ÅW
,5=O+-�ÓRS
,�0�5
="O+<#-�ÓÚ
,O+9�WôÞlCh:Q
。
(5)lwO+ù5=�Æ!�O��*+
。
(6)í�q9O+ù�.5=""lXP
,�0��Ó
^
,-�ÓMÈ�åÍM·J��
。
4.2 uLvÂ_`ty-ãµ
(1)yâÄ��jO+
、~¹O+{HAO+ù=2!
P��
,�+-RSO
,ë�ÓðPGìy¯
,�»Dùð
�Ì
。HAO+7¬|D3ñ�Å���E.ÅëPèL
,
kâ��Æ
,ÿñ�·O+-�
(�sø'
)ÿTP}F
,R
SGì~´
。yËÄ�í�q9O+ù5="2Oüo
,í
�q9O+hÚklÓ»Pì;fñ
, ðVÑ-GÆ
,æ
0lB��+-RSO
,í«ÿðPGì
,0å�ÅMä
�'*tJ�úHvYê
。
(2)Þ�V!PlwO+*�öAIÅý^Jä
,Sù
±}�OlwO+l¼�O�K�âÓ=
。ù±Ã©ùú
"lwO+h3XwñÓþ
,�U�tÞ·¸äÉ(þ
,ô
æ�1±lGìy¯
,ÔùLMÚNè�Ó.�-
。
(3)RSä�4�tJ
。�h8O+×ÕPa§tJl
ð�Ä�C³<`Þl¼O�P6v
,lð�âV¹ûàú
P(:
,�¤Cxí�
。
76145ï
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5 ÆÈrÉu�ÓÔÕvÂ}3
Table5 ThelistofrareorendangeredspeciesinChengduCity
£P
NumberO+g
Plantname
z{g
Scientificname
'g
Familyname
Ig
Genusname
"Ð(
:¨v
Stateprotectionlevel
CITES!õ
CITESappendix
IUCNä7
gõ]¨
thelevelofIUCNredlist
(þ-
Ý+-
Minimalspecies
1OP
AlsophilaspinulosaOP' OPI Ⅱ Ⅱ — —
2||VY�
CycaspanzhihuaensisY�' Y�I Ⅰ Ⅱ VU —
3Y�
CycasrevolutaY�' Y�I Ⅰ Ⅱ LC —
4bñ
Ginkgobilobabñ' bñI Ⅰ — EN —
5äFx
TaxuschinensisäFx' äFxI Ⅰ Ⅱ LC —
6~x
Metasequoiaglyptostroboidesx' ~xI Ⅰ — CR √
7QZ
Davidiainvolucrataï¯ÿ' QZI Ⅰ — — —
8*ÿ
Camptothecaacuminataï¯ÿ' *ÿI Ⅱ — — √
9WÕz
Fokieniahodginsiiz' WÕzI Ⅱ — NT —
10¥
Nelumbonuciferaº¥' ¥I Ⅱ — — —
11IN
(N
) CinnamomumcamphoraN' NI Ⅱ — — —
12�.�
CinnamomumjaponicumN' NI Ⅱ — NT —
13XN
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