317

Słupskie Prace Biologiczne

Nr 13 ss. 317-330 2016

ISSN 1734-0926 Przyjęto: 7.11.2016

© Instytut Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska Akademii Pomorskiej w Słupsku Zaakceptowano: 16.01.2017

THE INFLUENCE OF HUNGARIAN HORSES

ON THE GENOTYPE FORMATION OF UKRAINIAN

WARMBLOOD BREED

Iryna Tkachova

National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine Institute of Animal Sciences 7 Gvardeyskoi Armii St., 3

Kharkiv 61026, Ukraine e-mail: i-tkachova@yandex.ru

ABSTRACT

Hungarian horse breeds – Furioso-North Star, Hidran and Nonius had a great influ-

ence on the formation of genotype of Ukrainian warmblood breed. They were the basis

on which later influenced by crosses with the best European sporting breeds Ukrainian

warmblood breed was formed. The aim of the research was the detailed analysis of the

impact of the Hungarian trophy horses on the formation of Ukrainian warmblood

breed. It is necessary for population-genetic analysis of modern population of Ukraini-

an warmblood breed and identifies ways to further improve its genealogical patterns of

selection traits, the development of advanced breeding programmes. The results of the

studies included in the monograph “Ukrainian warmblood breed” (Volkov et al. 2015).

Research has shown, what was the impact of Hungarian breeds in the formation of the

Ukrainian warmblood breed. Determined the genotypes of horses on the basis of the

Hungarian breeds, which amounted to the bulk at the initial stage of formation of

the Ukrainian warmblood breed. The degree of influence of the Hungarian breeds the

modern array of Ukrainian warmblood breed, the most typical representatives of

the breed with the blood of the Hungarian breeds. Today Ukrainian warmblood breed

is the most valuable and popular among horse breeds in Ukraine. It combines the best

qualities of the original breeds and has highly versatile sport capacity for work. In the

formation of the breed an important role played the usage of Hungarian origin horse

breeding stock at the early stage of formation. Further breeding work with the breed

should be based on the best qualities of the Ukrainian warmblood breed, obtained from

the Hungarian horses in combination with other breeds sport.

Key words: horses, Ukrainian warmblood breed, Hungarian horses (Furioso-North

Star, Hidran, Nonius), reproductive crossing, selection, pedigree.

318

INTRODUCTION

For the first time the process of using Hungarian trophy horses described P.Y.

Belan (Belan 1956). In 1945 the creation of Ukrainian riding horse group was taking

place. Ukrainian stud in Dnipropetrovsk region contained a large group of Hungari-

an horses (Furioso-North Star, Hidran, Nonius) – mares and their crosses with the

thoroughbred riding stallions. The origin and type of these Hungarian breeds de-

scribed in directory Dr. Mihok Sandor (Sándor 2011).

There were also Hanover, Trakehner, East Prussian, English-Arabic, Hungarian

and Thoroughbred stallions. In 1951, there were 300 mares, 170 – of Hungarian breeds

and 130 – the first generation hybrids from the Hungarian mares and Trakehner stallions,

Hanoverian and Thoroughbred breeds (Volkov 1984). Similar crafted Wielkopolska

breed horses, which were also used Trakehner, East Prussian, English-Arabic and Thor-

oughbred breed on uterine the basis of the local horses. A detailed analysis of the origin

and pedigrees of the Wielkopolska breed was done by Anna Nowicka-Posluszna

(Nowicka-Posluszna 2011).

At the end of 1951 to work on the selection of the new breeding group Pravalski,

Skadovsky, and later – Alexandria stud farms and breeding farms of Dneprope-

trovsk, Kharkov and lowlands of Transcarpathian regions were also involved in it.

Skadovsky stud was mainly staffed with Hungarian mares of Furioso-North Star

type, as well as with young mares of Ukrainian stud derived from the Hanoverian

and Trakehner stallions. In 1953, the stud farm used Trakehner-Hungarian stallion

Zaliv (Zund–Vakchta) (Belan 1957). In Provalsky stud, formed of local livestock,

improved by thoroughbred stallions in 1952 was imported 100 mares of Hungarian

breeds and crossbred with the thoroughbred riding breed from Rostov region – Voro-

shilov plant and a group of stallions from Ukrainian stud (Volkov 1976). Breeding

work with the livestock mares was aimed at crossing – 30% of mares with thor-

oughbred stallions, the others – with the Hanoverian and Trakehner at the first stage

of selection and breeding work (1945-1951), the purpose was to build the first gen-

eration of hybrids of riding type (Volkov 1975). The best young horse sports type

was obtained from Hanover-Hungarian and Trakehner-Hungarian mares and stal-

lions of thoroughbred riding breed: Brig, 1949 (Bagor – Gipoteza), Barguzin, 1948

(Gibrid – Beryoza), Vazgiro, 1941 (Bareyn – Visla), Reaktiv 1949 (Rafael – Kuik

Arrou), Gaz, 1951 (Glagol – Zinata). With the disbanding of the cavalry, stud farms

were also disbanded, Pravalski and Skadovsky were disbanded in 1954, Ukrainian –

in 1959. A small part of the population of horses was transferred to Alexandrisky,

Dnepropetrovsky, Derkulsky and Yagolnitsky stud farms.

Further work with the livestock was carried out under the supervision of D.A.

Volkov. At the second stage of selection and breeding work with Ukrainian horse

breeding group (1953-1960) Hanover-Hungarian, Hungarian-Trakehner and Thor-

oughbred-Hanover-Hungarian mares were mated with big thoroughbred stallions,

Thoroughbred-Trakehner mares – with Hungarian and Thoroughbred-Hungarian mares

– with Trakehner stallions. To the producing composition large horses of riding type

were selected and then mares of thick type were mated with stallions of thoroughbred

breed, horses of medium type with Trakehner and thoroughbred riding breeds, horses

319

of facilitated type – with Hungarian and Trakehner stallions (Hendricks 2007, Volkov

et al. 2008).

At the third stage of the work (1961-1980) hybrids of desired type – Trakehner-

Hungarian, Hungarian-Thoroughbred, Thoroughbred-Trakehner-Hungarian mares

with regard to the body type were mated with Thoroughbred stallions, Hanover and

Trakehner breeds, as well as with the stallions carrying their heritage from Orlov-

rostopchinskiy breed. Obtained hybrids were bred “in itself” with repetitions in ge-

nealogical pedigrees of desired complexes (Volkov et al. 1981).

Previously had not paid sufficient attention to the question of the influence of

Hungarian horses on the formation of modern Ukrainian population of warmblood

breed. In the known sources of such data are not available. Therefore, the aim of our

study was the detailed analysis of the impact of the Hungarian trophy horses on the

formation of Ukrainian warmblood breed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Pedigrees of the horses taken from the Studbook of horses (Volkov 1975) and

records of the scientific working groups (Library of the Institute of animal breeding,

Department of breeding), factory books breeding stallions and mares [State Archives

of Kharkiv Region (SAKR, 1938-1978)]. In the factory archive factory books also

found unique pictures of horses, presented in the paper.

Analyzed the pedigrees of horses Ukrainian warmblood breed, which are not an-

cestors of the Hungarian breeds.

Six genotypes in Ukrainian warmblood breed with the presence of the Hungarian

breeds were selected for this study. The genotypes were evaluated on the measure-

ments of the body, the indices of the physique. Archival research identified stallions

and mares Hungarian breeds which have influenced the formation of the Ukrainian

warmblood breed. The analysis of the pedigrees of stallions of the main progenitors

of the Ukrainian warmblood breed, and their part of blood with Hungarian breeds

were assessed. Schematically Royal families descending from Hungarian mares an-

cestors and their zootechnical analysis were done. All statistical calculation was per-

formed on separate data from each individual with STATISTICA 8.0.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Sport type horses are most consistent with the horses of following genetic com-

plexes: Thoroughbred × Russian riding × Trakehner × Hungarian, Thoroughbred ×

Hungarian, Thoroughbred × Hanover × Hungarian, Thoroughbred × Trakehner ×

Hungarian.

At the beginning of testing the breed, the horses belonged to many genealogical

complexes, which included Hungarian breed (Table 1).

320

Table 1

Genealogical complexes breeding mares in stud farms (1976 year)

Genealogical complexes Mares

n %

Thoroughbred × Trakehner × Hungarian 42 20.39

Thoroughbred × Hanover × Hungarian 25 12.14

Thoroughbred × Hungarian 33 16.0

Thoroughbred × Trakehner × Hanover × Hungarian 18 8.73

Thoroughbred × Russian riding × Trakehner × Hungarian 18 8.73

Thoroughbred × Russian riding × Trakehner 5 2.42

Trakehner × Hungarian 8 3.88

Trakehner × Hanover × Hungarian 5 2.42

Russian riding × Trakehner × Hungarian 4 1.94

Russian riding × Trakehner × Hanover × Hungarian 4 1.94

ІІ-IV generation crosses with thoroughbred 13 6.31

Other 31 15.1

Total 206 100

Source: own research

Horses of Trakehner-Hungarian and Hungarian-Hanover complexes were less pedi-

gree and deviated to the harness body type. Body measurements and body indices of

mares of different genealogical complexes are shown in Tables 2-3.

Table 2

Measurements of mare body of different genealogical complexes on the basis of Hungarian

breed

Genealogical complex n Body measurements, cm

HW* OBL CH MF

Thoroughbred × Hungarian 39 158.9 158.4 185.5 19.6

Thoroughbred × Hanover × Hungarian 20 159.0 158.7 185.7 19.6

Trakehner × Hungarian 11 159.5 160.6 186.5 19.8

Thoroughbred × Trakehner × Hungarian 27 160.7 159.5 185.4 19.7

Hanover × Hungarian 12 161.4 162.1 184.7 20.6

Thoroughbred × Russian riding ×

Trakehner × Hungarian 18 161.2 161.7 187.9 19.8

*Legend: HW – height at the withers, OBL – oblique body length, CH – chest folding, MF –

metacarpus folding

Source: own research

321

Table 3

Mare body indices of different genealogical complexes on the basis of Hungarian breed

Genealogical complex n Body indices, %

format massiveness bones

Thoroughbred × Hungarian 39 99.7 116.7 12.3

Thoroughbred × Hanover × Hungarian 20 99.8 116.8 12.3

Trakehner × Hungarian 11 100.7 116.9 12.4

Thoroughbred × Trakehner × Hungarian 27 99.2 115.4 12.3

Hanover × Hungarian 12 100.4 114.4 12.8

Thoroughbred × Russian riding ×

Trakehner ×Hungarian 18 100.3 116.6 12.2

Source: own research

The State Ukrainian studbook of riding breed horses preserved the Ukrainian tran-

scription of names of horses of Hungarian origin, which gave valuable offspring and

found in the pedigrees of modern Ukrainian riding horses (Photos 1-4, Table 1).

Among them are: Agita, dr.-bay, 1940; Aza, br., 1938; Azaliya, bay, 1938; Alleya, dr.-

gr., 1940; Balerina, br., 1932; Bejke, bay, 1943; Bespridannitsa, ches., 1941; Blyostka,

br., 1940 (Baltic-Vajnaya); Frina, br., 1943; Farsa, ches., 1943; Favoritka, bay, 1948;

Photo 1. Vishnya, mare, bay, 1938 (the origin is unknown)

Source: photo by National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

322

Photo 2. Kopiya, mare, bay, 1938 (Nonius I – 523 Nonius XLII)

Source: see photo 1

Photo 3. Zamsha, mare, ches., 1936 (the origin is unknown)

Source: see photo 1

Galera, bay, 1940; Gipoteza, dr.-bay, 1941; Iva, dr.-bay, 1937; 079 Igrushka 180, bay,

1937; Igra, dr.-bay, 1938; 368 Izida, br., 1942; Karmen, bay, 1942; Kasta; Kollectsiya,

bay, 1938; Kopiya, bay, 1938 (Nonius I – Nonius XLII) (Photo 2), Lanka 450, ches.,

1942; Lemma, dr.-bay, 1939; Marjit; Marka; Nagrada, dr.-bay, 1937; Nympha, dr.-bay,

1941 (Furioso XLIV); Novella 618, bay, 1941 (Nonius VIII); Nona, ches., 1938; Oce-

aniya, ches., 1942; Panatseya; 147 Proza, dr.-bay, 1938; Renta, bay, 1944; Rys’, dr.-

bay, 1924; Vakhanka 101, br., 1941; Valka 164, dr.-bay, 1940; Valpura, dr.-bay, 1940;

323

Vega, bay, 1938; Vekovukha; Venta, dr.-bay, 1932; Versiya, dr.-bay, 1942; Vertushka,

br., 1942; Vechorka, bay, 1935; Vetochka, bay, 1941; Vipivka, bay, 1942 (Furioso II);

Victorya, bay, 1937; Vishnya, bay, 1938 (Photo 1); Volosataya, bay, 1934; Vostrukha,

dr.-bay, 1936; Vozniknovenie, bay, 1938; Volga, bay, 1938; Wolna; Wokabula, br.,

1936; Wolta, bay, 1941; Vidra, bay, 1938; Wyuga, br., 1940; Zamsha, ches., 1936

(Photo 3); Zasada, br., 1936; Zita, dr.-bay, 1942.

Photo 4. Arpad, dr.-bay, 1960 (Furioso А XXVI – 159 North Star А XVII-1)

Source: see photo 1

In the original book breeding mares of Ukrainian stud of origin of many of them

is specified stud in Mezohegyes.

Out of stallions of Hungarian origin, the greatest influence on the formation of

the Ukrainian warmblood breed is Arpad (original nickname Furioso XXVI-A 2),

dr.-bay, 1960 (Photo 4), whose pedigree is shown in Table 4.

Table 4

Pedigree of Arpad stallion (Furioso А XXVI-2)

Furioso А XXVI

Furioso VII Furioso XXVIII

242 Furioso XXVII

221 Furioso III Furioso III

243 Mariya Loniza

159 North Star А

XVII-1

North Star А XVII North Star XXV

250 Furioso XXXIX

177 North Star А XVIII North Star А XVIII

200 Furioso XLV

Source: own research

324

Nickname Arpad is found in a variety of modern horses pedigrees of Ukrainian

warmblood breed.

Arpad is a large (dimensions: 167-169-197-21,5 cm) massive breed stallion with

proportional head, long neck, a little bit soft back, with normal sloping croup, broad

deep chest. Among the exterior flaws were trimmed pasterns, minor clubfoot. Arpad

had been trained in equestrian sports school “Dynamo” (Moscow), after which he

was placed by the manufacturer to Alexandria stud farm, where he had produced 13

years (1967-1979) and another 2 years had (1980-1981) – produced in Lozovsky

stud, where he fell in 1981.

Out of 134 descendants of Arpad sport received 32 heads (23.9%), 15 of them

showed high sports results in dressage, show jumping and triathlon. Pedigree of

Arpad particularly excelled in triathlon and show jumping.

Alalan stallion, 1973 (Arpad-Amyoba) in the USSR Championship triathlon took

III place in 1977 and I – in 1978. In the USSR Cup triathlon took II place among 19

participants.

Radar stallion, 1970 (Arpad-Raduga) showed high ability in dressage: he was the

winner of small prize during the Championship of Ukraine in 1977, in 1981 the

USSR Championship in dressage his team took the II place. Son of Arpad because

of magnificent figure, beautiful exterior and development was exhibited in 1976 at

the Exhibition Center in Kiev.

Many Arpad daughters entered the Ukrainian part of the mother horse breed, the best

of which are: 243 Alushta, 616 Anita, 635 Arfa, 274 Ataka, 288 Bayka, 291 Balyasina,

41 Blokada, 361 Zanoza, 371 Izyuminka, 372 Imatra, 373 Indiana, 051 Karta 796 Koro-

na, 401 Malina, 417 Mortira, 419 Nagayka, 421 Nakolka, 425 Nota, 865 Pihta 4, 872

Poema, 885 Ruta, 891 Taliya, 915 Tonika, 945 Fora, 526 Khna, 549 Hurma.

In producing the composition of Ukrainian warmblood breed outstanding stallions-

producers and their descendants carry on heritage of Hungarian breeds: 10 Rezerv (1/2

Trakehner × 3/8 Thoroughbred × 1/8 Hungarian), Baken (1/2 Thoroughbred ×1/4

Trakehner × 1/8 Hungarian × 1/8 unknown), 49 Gvint (1/4 Hungarian × 1/4 Orlov-

rostopchinskaya × 3/8 Trakehner × 1/8 Thoroughbred riding), 1 Balagur (3/4 Thorough-

bred × 1/4 Hungarian), 4 Grohot (1/4 Orlov-rostopchin × 1/2 Trakehner× 1/4 Hungari-

an), 5 Zalog (3/4 Thoroughbred × 1/4 Hungarian), 6 Zbirnik (1/4 Thoroughbred × 1/4

Trakehner × ¼ Hungarian × 1/4 Orlov-rostopchinskaya), 8 Kokhaniy (5/16 Thorough-

bred ×1/2 Trakehner × 3/16 Hungarian), 12 Fortun (1/4 Thoroughbred × 3/8 Hanover ×

3/8 Hungarian), 14 Shelest (1/2 Arabic × ½ Hungarian), 15 Shishak (1/4 Thoroughbred

× 1/4 Arabic× 1/8 Hanover × 3/8 Hungarian), 16 Eskort (1/4 Orlov-rostopchinskaya ×

1/2 Trakehner × 1/4 Hungarian). Remarkable by high level of Hungarian breed heredity

the following stallions: 3 Bogatir (1/4 Thoroughbred × 3/4 Hungarian), 7 Izgib (1/2

Thoroughbred × 1/2 Hungarian), 9 Potash (1/2 East-Prussian × 1/2 Hungarian), Т09

Khinin 73 (1/2 Trakehner × 1/2 Hungarian).

Bogatir, 1968 from Arpad and the Thoroughbred-Hungarian mare Bubnovaya is

a large, massive, high-breed stallion. It was used in Dnepropetrovsk stud, several of

his children were sold at international auction.

Izgib, 1952 was born in Alexandrisky stud from a Thoroughbred Istok and Hun-

garian Vega, a large breed stallion – multiple winner of international and inter-all-

union competition in show jumping.

325

Potash, bay, was born in 1950 in the Ukrainian stud from East-Prussia Pos-

eydonus and Hungarian Proza – tested in flat racing, he was the winner 3 times.

T09 Khinin 73, dr.-bay, from 1951 Trakehner Hellespont and Hungarian Igrushka

– big massive stallion, which gave high class sport and breeding offspring.

On the basis of the Hungarian breeds were created numerous uterine families in

Ukrainian warmblood breed. One of the best mares in breed – the superior horse of

uterine family 86 Infra I, 1952 the daughter of Hungarian mare Frina, has condition-

al kinship: Hungarian 1/2 × 3/8 Thoroughbred × 1/8 unidentified.

The first generation of offspring of 86 Infra I was obtained on the basis of the Thor-

oughbred-Trakehner-Hungarian and Thoroughbred-Orlov-Rostopchin-Trakehner-Hunga-

rian combinations. Not less outstanding mare was her daughter 87 Infra II, 1962, which

gave the sports champions and great producers, has also conditional kinship: 1/4 Hun-

garian × 3/16 Thoroughbred × 1/2 Trakehner × 1/16 unidentified. Infra I family is being

developed on Alexandrisky stud.

In Derkulsky stud has developed a family of 160 Tina, Mr., 1957 from thorough-

bred 1353 Brig and Hanover-Hungarian Travka. From Tina and Trakehner-

-Hungarian Khinin was received an outstanding stallion-manufacturer 11 Tikhvin,

dr.-bay, 1966. On the same plant was created one of the most valuable family in

breeding – 541 Khokhlatka, 1949 from Hanover Khrustal (Handzik) and Hungarian

Vega. This family has a record-holder and champion of the ft the Exhibition of

Achievements of Agriculture USSR Khokhlatka II, in 1965, and many other high

class horses.

On Lozovsky stud was created a family of 220 Evrika, ches., 1966 from Trakehner

Vodopad and Trakehner-Hungarian Elba and family of 159 Tema, ches., 1952 from

Trakehner Tayfun and Hungarian Igra.

Family of Favoritka, 1948 of Hannover-Hungarian complex was developed in Yago-

lnitskiy and Lozovsky studs.

On Dnepropetrovske and Alexandrisky studs was created a family of Oceaniya,

1942, which gave birth to a lot of sport and breeding horses, some of them are exported

(Khoroshaya, Hovanstina, Khozyayka).

Several families in the uterine Ukrainian warmblood breed descended from Hungari-

an thoroughbred mares. The family of Hungarian mare Nona is the most prevalent, its

representatives have worked well in the sport. While working with this family Thor-

oughbred-Hungarian and Thoroughbred-Orlov-Rostopchin-Hungarian combinations we-

re successful. On Alexandrisky, Lozovsky and Derkulsky studs became widespread the

family of Hungarian mare Farsa. On Ukrainian stud the family of Bacchae 101 was

born, 1941 – a large, thick-type mares. This family stably had big horses with good con-

formation.

In modern tribal composition of the Ukrainian warmblood breed has outstanding

horses, descended from Hungarian horses. Among them, an outstanding stallion Aral

(Photo 5) and Izbrannik (Photo 6) – distinguished by its origin and the exterior of

the stallion that combines genetics Orlov-Rostopchin, Thoroughbred, Hungarian,

Arab and Trakehner breeds.

326

Photo 5. Aral, dr.-bay, 2000 (40 Arshin – 1356 Alexandrya)

Source: photo by I. Tkachova

Photo 6. Izbrannik, dr.-bay, 2003 (Impressario – Arktika)

Source: photo by I. Tkachova

The vast majority of horse breeds created on the basis of interbreed crosses. The

study of the influence of the source rocks to the formation of new generations of an-

imals important to find effective ways for their genetic improvement.

Also studied the effect of crossing of the American standardbred and French trot-

ters on the Ukrainian population prizing trotters (Tkachova 2007). This enabled to

327

highlight the original rock band trotters domestic breeding and to develop a pro-

gramme for their further improvement.

Previously we have conducted studies on the impact of crossbreeding with the

Thoroughbred on the Ukrainian part of the population of the Orlov’s trotter horses

(Tkachova 2012). Found useful traits derived from crosses, and also identified nega-

tive aspects. Research went into the development of the State program of breeding

of Orlov’s Trotter breed.

Thus, in-depth population genetic monitoring of the species allows to identify the

relative influence of other breeds that can be used for animal improvement pro-

grammes.

CONCLUSIONS

1. Hungarian horse breeds accounted for a significant part of the maternal basis

for deducing the Ukrainian warmblood horse. In a few generations the representa-

tives of the Ukrainian warmblood horse is retained similarities to the original Hun-

garian breeds.

2. Today Ukrainian warmblood horse breed is the most valuable and popular

among horse breeds in Ukraine. It combines the best qualities of the original breeds

and has highly versatile sport capacity for work. In the formation of the breed an

important role played the usage of Hungarian origin horse breeding stock at the ear-

ly stage of formation.

3. Ukrainian horse breed horses is of interest not only as an independent athletic

breed, but also as a carrier of the genome, is formed on the basis of several breeds of

horses, including valuable representatives of the Hungarian breeds.

4. Further breeding work with the breed should be based on the best qualities

of the Ukrainian warmblood horse, obtained from the Hungarian horses in combina-

tion with other breeds sport.

5. To further improve and create genetic passports of Ukrainian warmblood horse

appropriate deep population genetic studies search for genetic markers, some of

which should be inherited from the Hungarian breeds.

REFERENCES

Belan V.P. 1956. Ukrainian reding-teke group of horses. Socialis. livestock., 12: 31 (in

Ukrainian).

Belan P.Y. 1957. Results and methods of formation of the Ukrainian-Teke type horses (stud

No. 173). Kiev: 15 (in Ukrainian).

Hendricks B. 2007. International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds. B.L. Hendricks; foreword

by A.A. Dent. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman and London 2007: 429.

Nowicka-Posluszna A. 2011. Zmiany modelu rodowodowego koni rasy wielkopolskiej. Wia-

dom. Zootech. R. XLIX (2011), 1: 89-99.

Sándor M. 2011. Magyar Lótenyésztők Országos Szővetsége: 6-11 (in Hungarian).

State Studbook horses of the Ukrainian horse breed group. The Ministry of agriculture of the

Ukrainian SSR. Vol. 1 “Urojay”, Kyev: 1974: 90.

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State Archives of Kharkiv region (SAKR). F.R. 6184. Ukrainian Research Institute of animal

husbandry Forest-steppe and Woodlands of the Ukrainian SSR, Kharkov, 1938-1978

years. Inventory 1, Case 44. Ukrainian military equine stud farm N173. Factory book stal-

lions of 1943-1959 years. Vol. 1: 58 (in Ukrainian).

State Archives of Kharkiv region (SAKR). F.R. 6184. Ukrainian Research Institute of animal

sciences Forest-steppe and Woodlands of the Ukrainian SSR, Kharkov, 1938-1978 years.

Inventory 1, Case 46. Ukrainian military equine stud farm N173. Factory book mare

of 1943-1959 years. Vol. 1: 203 (in Ukrainian).

Tkachova I.V. 2007. The influence of the sires of French trotter breed in the improvement

of the Ukrainian population of the Russian trotting breed of horses. Livest. Farm. Of

Ukraine, 10: 24-28.

Tkachova I.V. 2012. The influence of the thoroughbred riding breed on the formation of the

domestic population of horses Orlov’s trotters. Scientific-technical Bulletin №106. Insti-

tute of animal sciences of NAAS Ukraine, Kharkiv: 14-20.

Volkov D.A. 1975. Factory horse breeds of Ukraine and methods of improvement. Diss. on

competition art doctor of agricultural Sciences, Kharkov: 183 (in Ukrainian).

Volkov D.A. 1976. Perspective plan of breeding with Ukrainian horse breed group in 1976-

-1985 years. The research of the order of the red banner of Institute of animal Forest-

steppe and Polesie USSR, Kharkov: 119 (in Ukrainian).

Volkov D.А. 1984. Ukrainian horse breed horses. State Studbook horses Ukrainian horse

breed group. Vol. 2: 5 (in Ukrainian).

Volkov D.A., Latka A.M., Novikov A.A. 2008. State Studbook horses Ukrainian horse breed:

Vol. VI “Aristey”, Kyev: 872 (in Ukrainian).

Volkov D.A., Novikov A.A., Filimonova A.S. 1981. To improve riding horses in the stud

farms of the USSR in the direction of enhance their sporting qualities. Report of Institute

of animal Forest-steppe and Polesie USSR, 1981: 31 (in Ukrainian).

Volkov D.A., Tkachova I.V., Latka O.M., Kunets V.V., Peresada V.O., Kornienko O.O., Lutih

S,V., Gdanska K.V., Rossokha V.I., Kovalyova T.M., Tur G.M. 2015. Ukrainian warm-

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85 (in Ukrainian).

SUMMARY

The aim of the research was the detailed analysis of the impact of the Hungarian

trophy horses on the formation of Ukrainian warmblood breed. It is necessary for

population-genetic analysis of modern population of Ukrainian warmblood breed

and identifies ways to further improve its genealogical patterns of selection traits,

the development of advanced breeding programmes. Pedigrees of the horses taken

from the Studbook of horses (Volkov 1975) and records of the scientific working

groups (Library of the Institute of animal breeding, Department of breeding), factory

books breeding stallions and mares [State archives of Kharkiv region (SAKR, 1938-

1978)]. In the factory archive factory books also found unique pictures of horses,

presented in the paper. Analyzed the pedigrees of horses Ukrainian warmblood

breed, which are not ancestors of the Hungarian breeds.Six genotypes in Ukrainian

warmblood breed with the presence of the Hungarian breeds were selected for this

study. The genotypes were evaluated on the measurements of the body, the indices

of the physique. Archival research identified stallions and mares Hungarian breeds

which have influenced the formation of the Ukrainian warmblood breed. The analy-

329

sis of the pedigrees of stallions of the main progenitors of the Ukrainian warmblood

breed, and their part of blood with Hungarian breeds were assessed. Schematically

Royal families descending from Hungarian mares ancestors and their zootechnical

analysis were done. Hungarian horse breeds accounted for a significant part of the

maternal basis for deducing the Ukrainian warmblood horse. In a few generations

the representatives of the Ukrainian warmblood horse is retained similarities to the

original Hungarian breeds. Today Ukrainian warmblood horse breed is the most val-

uable and popular among horse breeds in Ukraine. It combines the best qualities of

the original breeds and has highly versatile sport capacity for work. In the formation

of the breed an important role played the usage of Hungarian origin horse breeding

stock at the early stage of formation. Ukrainian horse breed horses is of interest not

only as an independent athletic breed, but also as a carrier of the genome, is formed

on the basis of several breeds of horses, including valuable representatives of the

Hungarian breeds. Further breeding work with the breed should be based on the best

qualities of the Ukrainian warmblood horse, obtained from the Hungarian horses in

combination with other breeds sport. To further improve and create genetic pass-

ports of Ukrainian warmblood horse appropriate deep population genetic studies

search for genetic markers, some of which should be inherited from the Hungarian

breeds.

330