Sana'ar Tukin Babbar Mota a Kasar Katsinadegeljournal.org/Papers/DEGEL-2016-11-15.pdf2016/11/15 · xaukar kaya a cikin kasar Katsina. Wannan zance haka yake, idan aka yi la'akari

GabatarwaSana'ar tuqin mota, sana'a ce baquwa, ta zamani a qasar Hausa, wadda ta samu a sanadiyyar bunqasar qere-qere a duniya (Bunza, 2005:9).To, da yake al'ada kan bunqasa, domin ta yi daidai da sauye-sauyn zamani (Bunza, 2005:1), wannan ya sanya wasu Katsinawa da ma sauran wasu Hausawa, suka rungumi sana'ar tuqin babbar mota, a matsayin sana'a. Bunqasarda sana'ar tuqin babbar mota ta yi, ya sanya mawaqan qasar Hausa,irin su Marigayi Alhaji Xanmaraya Jos da Alhaji

TsakureSana'ar tuqin babbar mota a qasar Katsina tsohuwar sana'a ce wadda ta fara wanzuwa tun a karni na goma sha tara, zamanin da Turawa suka zo kasar Hausa. Manyan motoci na daukar kaya ne suka fara shigowa kasar Katsina. Da su ne, a wancan lokaci, akan dauki kayyayakin da Turawan mulkin mallaka ke tatsar arzikin kasar Hausa, irin su gyada da auduga da kwara da fatu da kiraga, zuwa kasashen Turai. Yarabawa ne suka fara shigowa da sana'ar tuqin manyan motoci kasar Katsina. Kuma su ne suka fara koya wa Hausawan kasar Katsina sana'ar tukin babbar mota. Manufar wannan takarda shi ne,a samar da wata taska wadda za ta ajiye bayani a kan sana'ar tuqin babbar mota a kasar Katsina da irin mutanen da suka koya wa Katsinawa tuqin babbar mota da kuma ire-iren tsofaffin motocin da Katsina suka tuka da kuma ire-iren direbobin da suka tuka su. A don haka, a cikin wannan takarda an kawo sunaye wasu daga cikin Yarabawan da suka fara koya wa Katsinawa sana'ar tuqin mota. Kazalika, an kawo sunayen wasu daga cikin attajiran da suka fara sayen manyan motocin sufuri a kasar Katsina. Bugu da kari, an yi bayanai na wasu daga cikin tsofaffin direbobin kasar Katsina da suka yi tukin manyan motoci na da. Bayan haka kuma, aka kawo misalai tare da bayanai na ire-iren manyan motocin da tsofaffin direbobin kasar Katsina suka tuqa. Har ila yau, an kawo kirarin da wasu mutane suka yi wa wasu tsofaffin direbobin kasar Katsina da manyan motoci na da. Sannan, an kawo wasu wakokin da wasu mawakan kasar Hausa suka yi wa ire-iren wadannan tsofaffin dirbobi da motocin da suka tuka. Daga karshe, an kawo wasu daga cikin muhimmanci da illoli na sana'ar tuqin babbar mota.

Abdulrahaman Ado

Sana'ar Tukin Babbar Motaa Kasar Katsina

Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 195

Haruna Uje Na Haxeja da Marigayi Alhaji Mamman Shata Katsina da Nakala Mai Waqar Direbobi Katsina da sauran wasu da yawa suka yi wa direbobi waqa, domin irin ficen da suka yi a wajen tuqa wasu motoci masu wahalar sarrafawa da bin hanyoyi masu haxari a wancan lokaci. Misali, Marigayi Alhaji Mamman Shata, a cikin waqarsa ta Bawa Direba, ya ambaci wasu tsofaffin direbobi kamar haka :

Yanda na san maza magurza injin, Na san magoga taya, Dubi Akawu Na-guga, Shi da Caka na-da-fadi Da shi da Alhaji yaro, Gami da Ummaru Harmon, Gudu na Alhaji Hamza, Da shi da dahe na Nana, Ko ta ina ba dadi, Kamar Nakunduru Mamman, Mai Kano Mai-saje, Dan gidan Bature Kwastan, Da shi da Bawa na Kwasatan, Wadanda ke gasa karfe, (Mamman Shata Katsina/ Wakar Bawa Direba) (Ibrahim, 2014:6; Funtua, 2010:15)

Bincike ya tabbatar da cewa kafin zuwan Turawa, babu sana'ar tuqin mota a qasar Hausa (Ibrahim, 1987:8). A da, Bahaush kan bi ayari tare da falke ko madugu, ya davi sayyada ko ya yi amfani da dabbobi, irin su jakuna da dawakai da takarkarai da raquma da taguwoyi da alfadarai da makamantansu, domin ya biya ma kansa buqatan rayuwa na yin fatauci da tafiye-tafiye da daukar kaya (Abdullahi, 2015:2). Fatake, a qarqashin shugabancin Madugu, kan lafta wa jakuna da takarkarai da sauran dabbobi, kaya, su kuma hanya, tun daga kasashen Hausa ya zuwa qasashen Barno da Kurmi da Gwanja (Rabeh, 2010:10; Rimmer, 1966:183; Shagari, 1973:45; Garba, 1991:1 &73; Lovejoy, 1980"103-104). Hausawa ma na cewa: "Madugu uban tafiya" (Danhausa, 2013:167). Abin nufi shi ne, a zamanin da, Madugu shi ne ke jagorantar tafiya da tsaron kaya da lafiyar mutane.

To, amma a zamanin yanzu, Direba shi ne ke yin aikin Madugu. Marigayi Alhaji Mamman Shata ya tabbatar da haka, a waqar da ya yi wa Umaru dan Danduna na Gwandu, kamar haka:

Jagora :Ga mai mota, ga mai mota, ga mai jirgi Sanda tsakin tama

'Yan amshi :Ummaru dan Dan-duna na Gwandu

Jagora :A kintsa kaya a gyara lodi, Fasinja kowa ya hau ya zauna,

Jirgi ya zo tasha na Jamma.

'Yan amshi :Ummaru dan Dan-duna na Gwandu.

Jagora :A lafta kaya, a kimtsa lodi,

:Fasinja kowa ya shiga ya zauna,

:Jirgi ya zo tasha nau da Jamma.

'Yan amshi :Ummaru dan Dan-duna na Gwandu.

(Mamman Shata Katsina/Wakar Ummaru dan Dan-duna na Gwandu)(Daba, 2004:42;Tsoho, 2013:18; Hukumar Binciken Tarihi, 2003:128)

DEGEL: The Journal of the Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies [Vol. 11]196

Ke nan, sana'ar maduganci da ta tuqin mota kusan duk xaya ne a harkar sufuri da xaukar kaya da tsaron kaya da masu kayan. Abin da yake sabo shi ne yin amfani da mota a wajen xaukar kaya da hawa don yin tafiye-tafiye. Alhaji

1Lawai Walda Katsina ya bayayana cewa ba za a iya sanin takamaiman lokacin da mota ta fara zuwa kasar Katsina ba, to, amma an san cewa gwamnatin Turawa ta "N.A." (Northern Authoroty) ce ta fara shigo da qanana da manyan motocin xaukar kaya a cikin kasar Katsina. Wannan zance haka yake, idan aka yi la'akari da abin da da Kankara (1991:10) ya ce, a shekarar 1927 Turawa suka fara kawo mota a garin Malumfashi. Sarkin Taushin Sarkin Katsina, Alhaji Muhammadu, ya gaskanta cewa Turawa suka kawo mota, a cikin wakarsa ta "Al'adun Gargajiya", da ya ce:

Jagora :Abin hawan da suke godogo da shi,

'Yan Amshi :Suna ta Gadara sun yo,

:Saboda ba su kishin baya,

:Nufinta ne wasan gargajiya,

:Ta sa a qara fahimtar juna.

Jagora: :Da namu sun ka fara hawa,

'Yan Amshi :Domin Lugga ko da basukuri bai zo ba,

:Nufinta ne wasan gargajiya,

:Ta sa a qara fahimtar juna.

(Sarkin Taushi/Wakar Al'adun Gargajiya) (Ado, 2011:114; Ado, 2011:15)

Bincike ya tabbatar da cewa Turawa sun shigo da ire-iren waxannan motoci da manufar tatsar arziqin qasar Nijeriya suna kai wa qasarsu ta Turai, don sarrafawa a injinansu da suka qera, masu sarrafa albarkatun qasa (Ibrahim, 1987:8; Jibril, 2010:4). A lokacin da suka shigo da su, sukan xauki kayan amfanin gona, irin sun auduga da gyaxa da qwara da kuma wasu kayan amfani, irin su fatu da qiraga, daga garuruwan Hausawa, irin su Katsina da Kano da Zazzau da Sakkwato da Zamfara da makamantansu, domin kais u zuwa qasashensu na Turawa (Rimmer, 1966: 189; Shagari, 1973:42; Zarruq, 1986 : 19; Galadanci, 1992: 46; Galadanci, 1992:45-47; Bunza, 2005:9).

To, amma kuma, bayanan da aka samu, daga wasu tsofaffin direbobi, sun bayyana cewa Yarabawa da Nufawa ne suka fara kawo sana'ar tuqin babbar

2mota ta kasuwanci, irin waxanda ba na hukuma ba, a qasar Hausa (Bunza, 2005:9; Sallau ?:23; Abdullahi, 2015:4). Mohammed (1998:59-60) shi ma ya

1 Hirar da aka yi da Alhaji Lawal Walda Katsina xan wajen shekaru sittin da uku, a garejinsa na yin waldar manyan motoci, a garejinsa mai suna "Garejin 'Yan Tifa", wanda ke kan hanyar Dutsin-Ma, a ranar 14/02/2010.

2 Hirar da aka yida tsofaffin direbobi a jihar Katsina.


bayyana cewa tun a wajen shekara 1930 aka tava yin wata Banufa mai suna "Kashi Kano", wadda ta mallaki manyan motocin xaukar kaya a Kaduna. Haka

3ma wani mawaqi ya tabbatar da cewar mota a qasar Hausa daga Yarabawa take:

Tsinanniya motar Alfa, Mai saurin kashe Hausawa, Ta qi Bahaushe sai arna, Ko don arnan aka qera ki ? (Dangoma / Wakar Motar Alfa)

Daga jin an ce “Alfa”, an san suna ne na Yarabawa, domin Hausawa na cewa “sanin asali, ya sa kare cin alli”. Kalmar “Alfaqihu”, wato masanin Fiqihu, Yarabawa suka fi yin amfani da ita.

Kazalika, bincike ya nuna cewa, yawanci Yarabawa ne suka koya wa Hausawa direbobin farko na jihar Katsina tuqin mota. An bayyana cewa, idan attajirai suka je Ikko (Legas) sayen motoci, sukan biya Yarabawa lada domin su kawo masu motar zuwa qasar Katsina. Idan suka kawo, akan yi yarjejeniya da su domin su zauna su tuqa motar, sannan su koya wa wani wanda zai ci gaba da yi, idan lokacin yarjejeniyar ya qare. Kaxan dagacikin Yarabawan da ake iya tunawa, waxanda suka koya wa Katsinawa tuqi, a garin Malumfashi, sun haxa da Abdussalam Babani, wanda ya kawo wa Kwastan (Kwara na Malumfashi) mota, ya kuma yi tukinta. Sai Asamu xan Yarabawa, wanda shi mutumen Ilori ne, ya kawo wa Alhaji Sanda Malumfashi mota. Akwai kuma Jumo dan Ogomosho, wanda ya kawo wa Alhaji Magaji Dodo Malumfashi mota. Daga nan, sai Sa'idu Loki-Loki xan Ilori, wanda ya kawo wa Alhaji Tanko Malumfashi, uban Alhaji Iro Obiya mota. Waxannan da wasu da yawa su ne

4suka dinga tafiya da Katsinawa suna koya masu mota.

An gudanar da wannan bincike bisa ga manufofi biyu. Manufa ta farko ita ce wadda Hausawa ke ce ma: “qara wa Barno dawaki”. Abin nufi shi ne, a qara samar da yawan bincike-bincike da rubuce-rubuce a kan sana'ar zamani ta tuqin mota a qasar Hausa.

Manufa ta biyu ita ce, ana son a ilimantar da jama'a domin su san irin yadda direbobin farko, Hausawa, da ire-iren motoci, na da, masu wuyar sha'ani, da suka tuqa, da irin wahalhalu da gwagwarmayar da suka sha a wajen tafiyar da sana'ar tuqin manyan motoco a da.

1.0 Wasu Tsofaffin Direbobin Kasar Katsina Da Ire-Iren Halayyarsu Ta Nuna Bajinta

Sana'ar tuqin babbar mota tana buqatar mutumen da ke da bajinta da rashin tsoro. Katsinawa na xaya daga cikin Hausawan qasar Hausa da suka yi suna a wajen al'amarin da ya danganci nuna bajinta da nuna rashin tsoro, a wajen harkar tunkarar wani abin haxari. A cikin adabin baka na Hausawa an ambaci Katsinawa da ire-iren bajintarsu, kamar haka:


K.T. Wan T. Katsina garin Xanmarina,Garin da ba baqon banza,Kowa ka gani da aikin da yake"

da

Katsina gagaren gari,Mai tururuwa mai gafiya,Mai uwar inna mai xan'auta

da

Katsinawa masu asirin gado,

da

Katsina ta Dikko mai yawan 'yallavai

da

Katsinawa na Dikko ga rawa ga yaqi

da

Katsina ta Sallau mai wuyar safara,Ka zo da kaya ka koma dag ammo(Xanhausa, 2012:163-164)

da

Katsina ta Dikko xakin kara,An san ku da kunya ba dai tsoro ba(Garba Sufa/Waqar Xankabo)

Abin nufi a nan shi ne, Katsinawa mutane ne marasa tsoro ga kuma nuna bajinta, wadda, a cikin bayanan da za a kawo na kowanne direba, za a bayyana irin bajintarsa da rashin tsoronsa. Kaxan daga cikin Katsinawan da suka shiga sana'ar tuqin babbar mota, a da, kuma suka yi fice a qasar Katsina, saboda nuna bajintarsa, a wajen gudanar da sana'arsu, sun haxa da:

2.1 Mamman NakunduruWannan wani tsohon direba ne na manyan motocin farko da aka tava yi a qasar Katsina. Alhaji Mamman Shata ya ambace shi a cikin manyan direbobin qasar Hausa, kamar haka:

"Yanda na san maza magurza injin,

Na san magoga taya,

3 An rera wannan a cikin Kaset na waqar Xan-goma mai suna “Motar Alfa”.4 Hirar da aka yi da Alhaji Garban Hange Malumfashi,, xan wajen shekaru sittin da biyar,

tsohon direba kuma shugaban 'yan kamashon babbar mota, a Malumfashi, a ranar 15/03/2010.


……………………………

Kamar Nakunduru Mamman"

(Mamman Shata Katsina/ Waqar Bawa Direba)

Nakunduru mutumen garin Musawa ne, amman ya yi tuqi a gidan wani “Qwara” (Bature) mai yin awon gyaxa da auduga a gidan Kwastan a garin Malumfashi. A lokacin da awon auduga da gyaxa suka kawo qarshe, sai Nakunduru ya koma yin tuqin motocin attajirai irin su Alhaji Muhammadu Aliyu Malumfashi da Alhaji Abdulqadir 'Yammama. Bincike ya nuna cewar ya tuqa Shamsham da Balbo. Bajintar Nakunduru shi ne yakan kira mota ta zo har wurinsa da iya yin gudu da mota da daxewa ana tafiya da ita dare da rana. Alhaji Mamman Shata ma ya tabbatar da irin gudun da Bawa da kuma Nakunduru suke yi, wanda har ya gwarzanta su ya ce:

Bawa! Gumaguman da ka kwana da wuta,

Duk wanda ya ce wutar kara ta kwana,

Wandara, shi ne ya kwana bai yi bacci ba, qanen Ali.

(Mamman Shata Katsina/Waqar Bawa Direba)(Funtuwa, 2010:9; Qanqara, 2013:109)

Daga qarshe Alhaji Haruna Uje ya faxi wurin da Mamman ya rasu kamar haka:

Gadar Ilori ta ci amana,

Ta cinye Mallam Mamman,

Shi ma duk ta gama da shi ta bas shi,

Bakin rahi.

(Haruna Uje/Waqar Direbobi)

2.2 Jume Kamtsi.Jume ko Xanjuma dirban babbar mota ne xan cikin garin Katsina wanda ya tuqa manyan motoci irin su Men da Titiriti. Shahararsa a fagen tuqi ne ya sanya wani

5mawaqi mai suna Nakala ya ambaci sunansa a cikin wata waqa da ya yi wa direbobi, a inda ya ce:

"Na tuno sarkinmu,

Direba ne na san shi,

Dogo uban mandula."

(Mamman Nakala/Waqar Dirbobi)

Haka kuma, Qanqara (2010:12), ya tabbatar da cewa Jume ya tuqa babbar motar katako ta Alhaji Mu'azu Ance Charanci. A cikin wata waqa mai suna "Hakanan ne Arne", yakan ambaci sunan Jum da irin bajintarsa, kamar haka:


"Alhaji na ga ranka har ya vaci,

Xanjuma ko mun sadu?

Xanjuma shegn yaro,

Ko gargada ba ya ji "

(Mamman Shata Katsina / Waqar Hakanan ne Arne) (Qanqara, 2010:12)

Xaya daga cikin bajintar da jume ke gwadawa ita ce, a wajen hawan tsohuwar gadar Jaba, in zai je Ikko, shi ba ya jin tsoron duk wani layi ko tangaxin da gadar Jaba ke yi. Idan dai ya buga wa motarsa giya, to sai ya haye gadar nan kafin ya tsaya. Wasu direbobin kuwa, sai an sanya wa motocinsu katako, an tarbe su

6kafin su wuce.

2.3 Audu Tsako A cikingarin Katsina aka yi Audu Tsako. Babbar bajintar da ta sanya ya yi fice a sana'ar tuqi ita ce, idan ya yi wa ma'aikatan hanya ('yan sanda) laifi, in ya roqe su gafara, suka qi yin haquri, sai ya koma gefe xaya, ya ce wa motarsa ta je ta gai da maigida (xan sanda). Motar za ta tayar da kanta, sannan ta tuqa kanta, ta je gaban

7 ma'aikacin, ta yi jijjiga da kanta, sannan ya ce ta dawo, kuma ta dawo. Ganin haka sai ma'aikaci ya yi haquri, ya bar shi ya wuce.

2.4 Sale an-KucigiXXan-Kucigi direba ne na motar Men, wanda ya yi tuqi a gidan A.Y. Rimi da ke Katsina. Babbar bajintarsa shi ne yana shiga ko'ina a cikin Nijeriya da mota. Haka kuma, ba ya daxewa yake dawowa daga Ikko. In ya dawo, tabi'arsa ce ya dinga caccakar motar ta hanyar yi mata “lamba”. Da zarar Alhaji A.Y. Rimi ya ji, yakan yi murna da farin ciki da xokin babban direbansa har ya dawo. Da isowar Xan-kucigi wurin ubangidansa, sai ubangidan ya yi masa kirari kamar haka:

Alh. A.Y.Rimi :Xan-kucigi ba ka tsoron mutuwa8

Xan-Kucigi :Matana ba su tsoron takaba.

5 Nakala wani direba ne wanda ke yin kixa da waqa ga direbobi 'yan'uwansa6 Hirada Malam Ibrahin Kasharto Jibiya. An yi hirar a ranar 29/06/2010 a unguwar

Batagarawa, Katsina.7 Hira da Malam Nuraddeeni Babuje, a ranar 06/03/2010. Shi dai Karen babbar mota ne, mai

shekaru hamsin. An yi hirar da shi a wajen da yake yin gadin manyan motoci, a garjin manyan motoci na kusa da makarantar Kurame, Malumfashi.

8 Hira da Malam Idris Namukakali Malumfashi. An yi hirar da shi a ranar 21/07/2013, a garejin motocin gwamnatin jihar Katsina da ke a garin Malumfashi.


2.5 Alhaji Garba Bodin arfeQ Direba ne namanyan motoci a garin Katsina. Shi ba ya yin tafiya da “jak” (abin da ake xaga mota) a cikin motarsa. Idan ya yi faci, sai kawai ya sanya hannu ya tallabi motar, ya xaga ta, yaran motarsa su cire tayar mai facin, sannan su sanya wata safiya, ba tare da ya gaji ba. Sai an xaura sannan ya ajiye ta qasa. Nakala mai waqa ma ya sanya shi a cikin waqarsa ta direbobi. Ya ce masa:

"Alhaji Garba bodin kwano"9

(Mamman Nakala / Waqar Dirbobi)

2.6 Alhaji Abbati BatsariShi wannan direba ne na motar tankin sumogal. Motocin Gogalo na Katsina yake tuqi. Bincike ya nuna cewa Alhaji Abbati ba ya yi wa ma'aikatan kwastan magana in ya xauko kaya. In ma'aikatan kwastan suka tsayar da shi bai cika tsayawa ba. Idan suka biyo shi, in suka cim masa, da ya tsaya, in aka buxe ramukan tankin motar, ba za su ga komai ba. In ya ga dama, in ma'aikatan kwastan suka biyo shi, yana iya yin kwana da motarsa, su yi gaba-da-gaba da tasu motar, wanda ke sanya su kaucewa, su ba shi wuri, shi kuwa ya wuce

10abinsa.

2.9 Sabo SantanaWannan direba ne da ya tuqa Men da Titiri. An san Sabo a fagen tuqi, saboda wani maciji da yake tafiya da shi. Idan yana tuqi, yakan xora macijin a bisa cinyarsa, sannan macijin ya hau bisa sitiyarin motarsa, ya rinqa kallon gaba kamar yadda direba ke kallon gaba. In ya ga macijin ya langavar da kansa, to lokacin barci ya yi, sai ya tsaya a yi barci. Idan lokacin tashi ya yi, macijin ne kan tayar da Sabo, ta hanyar zagaya shi, yana hawansa, har sai ya tashi. In ya tashi, sai ya kwashi macijin a wuya, su shiga mota, a yi ta yi. Saboda macijin ne

11ma'aikata ke tsoron tare shi a kan hanya.

2.10 Alhaji Habu DarmaAlhaji Habu Darma yana xaya daga cikin manyan direbobin manyan motocin qasar Katsina. Shi dai attajiri ne kuma direba ne (Qanqara, 2013:155). Bajintarsa a wajen tuqi, wadda ta sanya shi yin ficen a cikin direbobi, ita ce ta yin ganganci da mota. Wannan ne ya sanya Alhaji Mamman shata ya yi masa waqa, kamar haka:

Ranar Alhaji Abu Garba,

Wata rana ,ina cikin birni,

Shi ko Garba habu, yana cikin mota,

Sai na ji 'yan birni, suna ta mamaki,


Kai wanga yaro, ya cika ganganci,

Ba ganganci, ba ne wurin Garba,

Wannan halin, Rabe ne da yax xauka.

(Mamman Shata Katsina / Waqar Habu Darma) (Qanqara, 2010:5; Qanqara, 2013:154)

Alhaji Habu Darma ya tuqa motar da ake kira “Lena Kwama”. Irin gwanintar da ya nuna a wajen tuqin wannan mota ya sanya wani mawaqi da ake kira Alhaji Habibu Sakarci ya yi masa waqa cewa:

Lena kwama irin mai ciko,

Sai Alhaji Habu ya dawo,

Xan mai kuxi kamar wani sarki,

Sai Alhaji Habu.

(Habibu Sakarci / Waqar Habu Darma) (Qanqara, 2010:5)

Ke nan, wannan ya nuna cewar lallai Alhaji Habu Darma mai kuxi ne, xan mai kuxi kuma shahararren direban babbar mota (Qanqara, 2013:154-155).

Waxannan kaxan ne daga cikin direbobi Katsinawa. Akwai wasu, kamar su Rabo Mai Layu, wanda ya yi tuqi gidan Alhaji Ummaru Yaro Funtuwa. Yana da ratayen layu a jikinsa, waxanda kan taimaka masa shanye man duk wani direban da ya yi gigin wuce shi da mota. Akwai kuma Ado Wafa, a garin Malumfashi. Bajintarsa ita ce, idan yana jin barci, yakan tsaya ya yi abinsa. Da zarar ya tashi, to sai ya riqe hanyar, ya xaure ta. Idan tana a matsayin hanya mai mil xari, sai ya

12mayar da ita mil hamsin (Qanqara, 2013:598-601).

3.0 Ire-Iren Manyan Motocin Da Direbobin Qasar Katsina Suka TuqaBincike ya tabbatar da cewa irin wahalar sarrafawa da manyan motocin farko suk da ita, ya sanya ake ganin bajintar tsofaffin direbobin manyan motoci na da, a qasar Katsina. Alhaji (Dr.) Mamman Shata Katsinaya tabbatar da haka, a cikin

9 Hira da Malam Nuraddeeni Babuje, a ranar 06/03/2010. Shi dai Karen babbar mota ne, mai shekaru hamsin. An yi hirar da shi a wajen da yake yin gadin manyan motoci, a garjin manyan motoci na kusa da makarantar Kurame, Malumfashi.

10 Hira da Malam Sule Rarume Batsari, a ranar 12/05/2010, a garejin Alhaji Lawal Mai-Walda, wanda yake a kan titin zuwa Dutsin-Ma, Katsina.

11 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Nuraddeeni Babuje, wanda shi Karen babbar mota ne, xan wajen shekara hamsin. An yi wannan hira da shi a ranar 06/03/2010, a wurin sana'arsa ta gadin manyan motoci da ke kusa da makarantar Kurame, Malumfashi.

12 Hira da Malam Ibrahin Kasharto Jibiya, wanda tsohon direba ne xan wajen shekara sittin da shida.Yana zaune a unguwar Vatagarawa, Katsina. A yi hirar a ranar 29/06/2010.


waqarsa ta Umaru xan Xandan na Gwandu (Hukumar Binciken Tarihi, 2003:126-132; Tsoho, 2013:16-25), kamar haka:

Jagora :Ga mai jirgi, ga mai mota Sanda Sadauki,

:Da can direbobi akai wa waqa,

:Yanzu direba zan yi wa waqa,

:Ko da ma can batta ba ta xaukuwa ga raggo,

:Ko ya xauka sai ka ga ya zubas,

;Ko ya xauka sai ka ga ya zubas,

:Mai qwazo ya xauke abi nai.

'Y/Amshi :Ummaru xan Xanduna na Gwandu

(Mamman Shata Katsina /Waqar Ummaru xan Xanduna na Gwandu) (Daba, 2004:41-42; Tsoho, 2013:17; Qanqara, 2013:200)

A cikin wannan xan taqaitaccen nazari, da wuya a iya kawo sunayen dukkan ire-iren manyan motocin da tsofaffin direbobin qasar Katsina suka tava tuqawa. To, amman, Qanqara (2013:110) ya kawo misalan wasu. A cikin waqarsa ta "Bawa Direba", Alhaji Mamman Shata Katsina shi ma ya xan taimaka a wajen somin-tavin kawo sunayen wasu motocin farko da Hausawa suka fara tuqawa, a da, a qasar Hausa, kamar haka:

"Duk qaramin direba mai jan mota,

Kamas su 'yal bilhodi,

……………………..

Zuwa su 'yar ji'emti,

Zuwa su 'yar marsandi,

Kamas su Ostan-Ostan

Xan tan bakwai ya ishe su

Ba ko wurin fasinja

Su Hantaru,

Za ka ja uwa da tirela,

Ko Shamsham ,

Za ka ja uwa da tirela

………………………"

(Mamman Shata Katsina / Waqar Bawa Direba)

A bisa binciken da aka yi, an sami tabbacin cewa, kaxan daga cikin motocin farko da suka shigo qasar Katsina, waxanda kuma matuqa Katsinawa, masu sana'ar tuqin mota na farko suka fara tuqawa, sun haxa da :


3.1 ShamshamShamsham motar qasar Ingila ce, domin ita ce qasar da ta fara kawo babbar mota Nijeriya. A lokacin da ta fito, ba ta da xiya, kuma ba ta fito da kisitata ba,

13sai dai ana yin amfani da hannun-wani a wajen tayar da ita. Mota ce mai 14

qafafuwa da yawa. Akan same ta da tayoyi wajen ashirin da huxu. Haka kuma, 15tun farkon fitowarta da “kaf' da dogon kai mai fasalin kan fara ta fito. Mazauni

xaya gareta, watau na direba kawai. Yaron motarta yakan zauna waje, a gefe 16 17

guda. Tana amfani da man gas. Wannan mota ta yi suna sosai a wajen direbobi, domin ita ce motar da Mamman na kunduru da Bawa Direba da Audu

18Kula (Uban Lawal Mai Xan Jirgi) suka tuqa. A gidan Kwastam na Malumfashi da wajen Alhaji Bala Rimi aka fara ganin wannan mota a qasar Katsina. Alhaji Mamman Shata ma ya yi maganarta a cikin waqarsa da ya yi wa Bawa direba, da ya ce:

Ko Shamsham ,



A binciken da aka gudanar, an sami bayanin cewa, Hausawa na yi mata kirari cewa:

19 Shansham maganin Uwa da Tirela Abin nufi shi ne, mota ce babba mai faxin bodi wanda ke xaukar kayan da ya fi na Uwa-da-xiya. Ita kaxai za ta iya xaukar kaya fiye da tan talatin, ita kuwa Uwa-da- Xiya sai an raba masu, ishirin da goma.

3.2 MagurusMagurus mota ce ta Rasha, wadda ta fito daga kamfanin “Tata”, watau masu yin motocin yaqi na sojoji. Siffar kanta ya yi kama da na mota mai suna “Mak”.

13 Hannun wani wani qarfe ne da ake yin amfani das hi domin tayar da mota. 14 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Tsalha Doma Direba,xan wajen shekara hamsin a garin

Malumfashi,a ranar 05/09/2010.15 Kaf na nufin kan qarfe cikakke, watau ba rabi ba('yar shara).16 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Ibrahim Kashardo Jibiya Direba, xan wajen shekara sittin da

shida, a unguwar Vatagarawa, a ranar 29/06/2010.17 Hirar da aka yi da Mallsm Ibrahim Kashardo Jibiya, xan wajen shekara sittin da shida, a

unguwar Vatagarawa, Katsina, a ranar 29/06/2010.18 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Sule Rarume Batsari a ranar 12/5/2010, a garejin Alhaji Lawal

Mai Walda da ke a kan titin zuwa Dutsin-ma, Katsina.19 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Nuraddeeni Babuje, karen babbar mota, xan wajen shekara

hamsin, a wajen da yake yin gadin manyan motoci, a garejin manyan motoci na makarantar kurame, Malumfashi, a ranar 6/3/10.


Magurus ba ta da “lagireto” (watau wajen sanya ruwa mai sanyaya injin mota), sai dai “kula”. Ke nan, ba a zuba mata ruwa, don ba ta da lagireto. Haka kuma an yi mata farfela mai qara sanyaya injin. Don haka, in ana son ta sha iska, ba sai an

20xaga hancinta ba, kamar yadda ake yi wa “Mak” . Hausawa na yi wa Magurus kirari da cewa;

Magurus budurwar mota,

Ba ki shan ruwa sai iska,

Mai hana Karen mota sallar safe.

Abin nufi shi ne, ita Magurus ko da an tsaya a yi barci, tun da jijjihi ake tashi a tafi, don ba a yi mata zancen zuba ruwa a lagireto, don ba tad a shi, kamar sauran motoci. Ke nan, da qyar karen mota kan samu ya yi sallar safe, saboda sauri da

21son a tafi da wuri, da direba kan yi.

3.3 Marsandi (Bansuwai/Roka).Kamfanin Marsandi yana xaya daga cikin waxanda suka fara shigowa da manyan motoci sungul daga qasar Japan, waxanda ake kira da sunan “Bansuwai”. Ta fara fitowa da kisitata da gajeran kai. Hausawa na yi mata kirari, suna cewa:

Roka sai an halba, 22

Roka jirgin Hausa

Gudun da Bansuwai ke da shi, aka xauke ta kamar roka ce ko jirgi na qasar Hausa. Haka kuma, wasu direbobi na yi mata kirari cewar

Shadda rigar manya,

Tiya azizar kati”

Zuma ga zaqi ga harbi,

Duma, abin kixa wa arna a dawa, 23

Direbanki ba shi arziki sai suna.

Marsandi tana da daxin kuka wanda ko a daji arnan da ke noma a gona suna jin daxin kukanta. Saboda zaqin muryarta, kusan duk inda direbanta ya ratsa, sai an kale shi ko a so a gan shi, don a san shi.

Marsandi mai gajeran kai takan zo ne ba tare da rufaffen kai ba (watau kaf), sai dai gilashi da hancinta (watau 'yar shara). Idan aka saye ta, akan yi mata kan katako (watau inda direba zai zauna) da bodin katako. Irinta ce ake kira da sunan 'Yar-Shara. To, amma daga baya sai Turawa suka shigo da wadda ake kira “911” mai xan dogon kai, wadda take zuwa da “kaf” na qarfe. Bayan wannan sai aka shigo da wata mai suna “21”, amman ta fito ne a matsayin Tirela, wadda take da

24 “gora” a gefe guda. Alhaji Haruana Uje ya ambace Marsandi “21” a cikin


waqarsa ta direbobi kamar haka:

Audun bidi uban xakina,

Yayan Isiyaku yaka mai kaxa tubyum,

Wannan shi tantuwan yake korawa,

Gidan Abbas aka yi shi.

(Haruna Uje/ Waqar Direbobi)

3.4 Tamis (Ostan Gas / Ostan Moris) "Tamis" mota ce wadda Hausawa suke kira da sunan “Ostan”, wadda kamfanin "Fodi" na qasar Ingila suka kawo. Bincike ya tabbatar cewa, Turawa ba su tava kawo Ostan Gas / Moris a matsayin tirela ba, sai dai sungul. Wannan mota ce mai hannun wani wadda Katsinawa irin su Alhaji Abba Na Titi Mai Mota suka tuqa (Sheme, 2006:451). Haka kuma Yarabawa ne suka fara yi mata “kurtu” domin xaukar fasinja. Mallam Umaru Namukakali Malumfashi ya ce Motar

25ostan, mai kurtu, ita ce motar farko a qasar Katsina wadda ta xebe wa fasinjoji kewa. A da can, akan haxa fasinja da buhunan hatsi a cikin bodi xaya, amman

26sai ostan ta share hawayen yin wannan gwamutsi. Alhaji Mamman Shata Katsina ya tabbatar da haka:


Tan ashirin na uwa ne,

Tan goma kau na tirela,

Ga xan wurin fasinja,

Ko arba'in ne a watsa,

Saboda 'yan sanda kila a haxu.


20 Hira da Malam Tsalha Doma Direba, xan wajen shekara hamsin, a garin Malumfashi, a ranar, 05/09/2010.

21 Hira da Malam Ibrahim Kasharto Jibiya Direba, xan wajen shekara sittin da shida, a unguwar Vatagarawa, a ranar 29/06/2010.

22 Hirar da aka yi da Alhaji Garban Hange Malunfashi a bakin ofishin kamashon manyan motoci, Malunfashi.

23 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Nuraddini Babuje, tsohon karen mota a babban garejin manyan motoci da ke a bakin gidan man Sabura, Malumfashi.

24 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Tsalha Doma Direba xan wajen shekara hamsin a garin Malumfashi, a ranar Alhamis, 05/09/2010.

25 Kurtu rufi ne da ake yi wa mota don a rinqa kare fasinjoji daga rana ko ruwa ko iska.26 Hirar da ka yi da Mallam Idris Namukakali Malumfshi a bakin tashar motocin gwamnati,

Malunfashi.


Motar Ostan Sungul tana da fistin shida, kuma bodin katako aka santa da shi. Hausawa na yi mata kirari da cewar”

Tamis qazamin qarfe.

Biri da gatari kashe mai gona

Alhaji na ba kuxi ! kina ba taya!,

Ga kabarin direba ga na yaron mota,

Alhaji in ya yi gada-gada ga nashi .

Ko

Tamis ta ande-jiwale,

Layinki faxuwar wata mota

Lafiyarki hayaqi

Birgi-Birgi sallar kura

Tamis tana da qarfi, amman in ta sami haxari, to takan kashe mutane da yawa. Haka kuma, a kodayaushe ka ganta, sai ka ga tana fitar da hayaqin lafiya, wanda ya bambanta ta da sauran motoci, waxanda ke fitar hayaqi na rashin lafiya. Ita kuma ba ta da fasali mai kyau, domin kanta ba dogo ba ne kuma ba gajere ba, sannan ga xan bodi qarami na katako. Malam Idris Na-Mukakali ya bayyana cewa, ita ce mawaqin nan mai suna Xangoma ya yi ma waqa da sunan "Tsinanniya Motar Alfa, wadda haxarinta a kodayaushe ba ya daxin gani,

27saboda yarukan da take ci.

3.5 BilhodiBilhodi ta fito a matsayin “sungul”. Akwai 'yar-shara da kuma mai “kaf”. Ita ce ake kira da sunan “Kiya-Kiya Motar Katako” (Qanqara, 2010:12), wadda har Alhaji Mamman Shata ya ambace ta a waqar “Ummaru Xan-xan-Duna Nagwandu'', kamar haka:

"Kiya-Kiya motar katako,

Ummaru wannan babu ruwanai

(Mamman Shata Katsina / Waqar Ummaru Xan Xanduna na Gwandu)

Bilhodi tana da qarfi, don tana xaukar kayan da suka kai nauyin tan ashirin. Haka kuma, tana daxewa ba ta lalace ba, wannan shi ya sa sai a daxe ana yin aiki da ita, ana kawo wa mai ita kuxi sosai. Mallam Umaru Harmo, wanda Alhaji

28 Mamman Shata ya yi wa waqa, ya tuqa irin wannan mota. Nagarin da take da

shi ya sanya Hausawa ke yi mata kirari da cewar:

Bilhodi, bil kuxi,bil aiki,bil amanar hanya.

Ko 29

Bilhodi sha ruwa ki bi hanya.


3.6 Lena-Kwama Lena kwama mota ce mai gajeran kai, kuma dunqulalle ne kamar na Shorido. Ita dai wannan mota ta shahara a da, har ta kai wani mawaqi da ake kira Alhaji Habibu Sakarci ya yi mata waqa da cewa:

Lena-kwama irin mai ciko,

Sai Alhaji Habu ya dawo,

Xan mai kuxi kamar wani sarki,30

Sai Alhaji Habu.

(Habibu Sakarci / Waqar Habu Darma)

Lena-kwama mota ce wadda wasu sun yi aiki da ita a matsayin motar xaukar kaya, amman da yawa an yi amfani da ita a matsayin motar xaukar fasinja. Akan yi mata ''kurtun'' katako a can Ibadan ko a kuma Katsina. Amman Yarabawa ne

31waxanda ke zaune a arewa suke yi.

A duk faxin Katsina, an fara ganin Lena-Kwama a wurin Alhaji Abu Darma Katsina, wanda ke amfani da ita a wajen xaukar gyaxa daga wasu garuruwan qasar Katsina, irin su Daura da Batsari, sannan ya kai Kano. Haka kuma, Mallam Ali Batsari (wani Qwara da ke zaune a garin Batsari) ya mallaki irin

32wannan mota. Ana yi wa Lena Kwama kirari da cewa :

Lena qwaryar goge,

Ba a sayar da ke,

Ba a ba Agola riqonki,

Riqonki sai xan masu gida.

Shi kuwa Mallam Tsalha Sule Doma ya ce kirarinta shi ne :

Lena qwaryar goge,

Kaxa ki sai gidan masu kuxi,

Kashe ki sai xan banza.

27 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Idris Na-Mukakali, a garin Malumfashi, a ranar 21/07/2013, a wajen aikinsa na kamashon motocin gwamnatin Katsina, bakin tasha, Malumfashi.

28 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Sani Musa Direba, xan wajen shekara arba'in da uku, a unguwar Qofar 'Yanxaka, a Katsina, a ranar 08/05/,2010

29 Alhaji Mamman Shata ya ambaci sunan Umaru Harmo a cikin waqar Bawa direba.30 Wannan waqar ce Habibu Sakarci ya yi wa Alhaji Habu Darma, wani mai arziki wanda ya

mallaki manyan motoci a Katsina.31 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Idris Namukakali, Malumfashi32 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Shafi'i direba, Jibiya


Abin nufi a nan, shi ne ita dai mota ce wadda ake lallava ta kamar yadda ake yi wa qwaryar goge, domin ana ganinta kamar lange-lange, wadda ba ta da qwari. Saboda haka, mai mota shi ya fi tuqa abarsa ko kuma ya ba xansa ya tuqa ta ko wani na jikinsa wanda ba zai lalata ta ba da sauri. Tangaran ce, sayen mai kasada, wadda sai gidan masu kuxi sosai ake iya sayenta.To, amman duk da haka, tana da nagarta irin nata.

3.7 ShoridoKamfanin Fodi ne suka shigo da wannan mota Katsina. An fi saninta da farin kai gajere. Idan za a yi mata gyara ko ana son ta sha iska, akan tuntsurar da kanta

33kamar zai faxi qasa.

Motar Shorido ba ta da birki sosai, saboda haka, idan aka ajiye ta, ko yaya ta motsa tana iya tafiya da kanta. Idan mutum na kwance a cikinta, sai ya ji kamar ana yi mata sitata, za a tayar da ita.Wannan shi ya sa direbobinta da yaranta ba su cika kwana cikinta ba. Hasali ma, Hausawa na kiranta “motar aljanu”, domin idan tana tsaye, tana iya tayar da kanta. Haka kuma, ana yi mata kirari da cewa:

Shori mai bulala,

Shori, adonki a baya,

Ba ado ba ne gaye ne

Tangaran sayen mai kasada.

ko

Shori mai bulala

Kan quda mai walda,

Kina kamfani, kina mafarkin gyara34

Mallam Sani Xan-Mama Katsina ya qara da cewar ana yi wa shorido kirari da cewa :

Shori mai bulala,

Kixi bana, wasa baxi,

Bakanikenki ya fi mai ke samu,

Kina Shagamu, kina mafarkin Kwakwaci,

Cankaciya uwar ibilisai,

Kina kamfani, kina mafarkin gyara.

Abin nufi a nan shi ne, ita dai ba ta cika zama lafiya ba, domin ba ta yin mako guda cur ba tare da an yi mata gyara ba, wannan shi ya sa bakanikenta ya fi mai ita kuxi.


3.8 Titiri Tirela.Mota ce mai gajeran kai ta kamfanin 'fet'. Tana da canjin giya har takwas. Titiri na xaukar kayan da suka kai har tan talatin na qa'ida, to, amman akan yi mata qarin wajen tan goma, ta xauki tan arba'in. Saboda obar (qarin kaya) da ake yi

35mata ya sanya Hausawa ke yi mata kirari da cewar:

Na inka masu yanga a hawa

Tan dubu ko na qasa ne

Ko a Soja kya yi wata uku.

ko

Gwari ma ja kaya,

Kowa ya iya ki ya iya dambe,

Mahauniya, kowa ya kashe ki,

Bai ganin Annabi.

Abin nufi a nan shi ne, Malam Nuraddini Babuje ya ce, komai girman hawa tana iya haye shi, komai yawan kaya tana iya xaukarsu, sannan kuma, domin qarfinta, ko Soja ya riqa ta sai ta kai wata uku a wurinsa. Bugu da qari, damben da ake nufi a motar Titiri shi ne yadda akan yi kokowar sanya mata giya, wanda sai an dinga sanya liba sama da qasa. Titiri mota ce mai inganci, wadda ko da faxuwa ta yi, sai a tayar da ita, a yi mata “ki”, ta tashi. Saboda ingancinta, ba kasafai direbobi ke iya kashe ta ba. In ko direba ya kashe ta, to muguntarsa ta wuce iyaka.

Waxannan motoci kaxan ne daga cikin motocin da Katsinawa suka tuqa. Akwai wasu da yawa, waxanda wannan 'yar maqala ba za ta iya bayar da damar yin bayanan wasu ba, irin su Men (Sufi indallahi, koren fenti, ba ki shekara ba lamba) da Olbiyan (Kuruf) da Barle (Kwali da wuta maganin mai-lohe) da Sikaniya ('Yar-sarki) da Sufa-Bifa (Habiba Manyan Mata) da Hanshel da Sitiya ('Yar Bauci ba ki kwana da giya) da dai makamantansu da yawa (Qanqara, 2013:110).

33 Hirar da aka yi da Mallam Auta Bakaniken Manyan Motoci xan wajen shekara hamsin a garejin gyaran manyan motoci da ke kan hanyar Dutsin-ma, Katsina, a ranar 10/05/ 2010.

34 Hira da Malam Sani Xan-Mama Katsina, xan wajen shekara arba'in da biyar. An yi wannan hira da shi a ranar 12/05/2010, a tashar motoci ta zuwa Daura, a cikin garin Katsina.

35 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Nuraddini Babuje, tsohon Karen motar manyan motoci. An yi wannan hira a ranar 06/03/2010, a babban garejin manyan motoci da ke bakin gidan main a Sabura, Malumfashi


4.0 Yadda Tsofaffin Direbobin Katsinawa Suka Koyi Sana'ar Tuqin Mota, A Da

A wajen harkar koyon sana'ar tuqin mota, Bahaushe kan yi bauta da barantaka ta haqiqa kafin ya koyi mota. Alhassan (1982:7-8) ya bayyana cewar bauta da barantaka ba abu ne munana ba ga Bahaushe, ba ma kamar idan abin ya danganci koyon sana'a. To haka ma a harkar koyon sana'ar tuqin mota, Bahaushe kan yi bauta da barantaka ta haqiqa kafin ya koyi mota. Amman a wannan hauji, ana kiran irin wannan bauta da sunan “Karen Mota” da “Liba”.

36Alhaji Adamu Xanmaraya Jos ya bayyana irin bautar.

Ba haka nan kawai za a koya wa mutum mota ba sai ya yi karen mota ko liba (Yaron Mota). Yin karen mota kuwa, ayyuka ne da ke buqatar yin ladabi da biyayya,wanda idan ubangida ya gamsu da su, sai ya koya wa karen mota, mota. Kaxan daga cikin ayyukan, sun haxa da waxannan:

4.1 Ayyukan Karen Mota (Yaron Mota). A faxar Alhaji Garban Hange Malumfashi, Karen mota zai zauna a

bayan mota ya rinqa duba wa mai mota lafiyar mota daga baya. Idan wani abu ya faxo ko taya ta fashe ko faci, shi ne zai shaida wa direba ta hanyar jan igiyar/zaren qararrawa,domin ya tsaya.

Idan aka tsaya domin shan mai ko hutawa ko kwana, Karen mota ne ke tsayawa kusa da mota, ya rinqa zagaya ta, yana tava tayoyinta da dudduba qusoshin jikinta ko sun kwance, sannan ya sake xaxxaura su.

Idan aka yi faci a kan hanya, Karen mota ne zai kwance tayar ya xaura wata, sannan ya ba “Balkanaiza” (Mai yin faci) tayar domin ya yi facin.

Karen mota kan hasa wuta da sanya ganyaye ko wata alama a kan hanya, idan mota ta lalace. Haka kuma yakan yi amfani da wutar ya dafa ma ubangidansa da shi kansa abinci.

Idan mota ta zo kan hawa, Karen mota kan sa waigi don tare mota daga murginowa baya da kuma jiqa mata rumarumai domin ta yi sanyi. Haka kuma yakan sa wa mota waigi idan an tsaya .

Karen mota kan yi wa Ubangidansa wankin kaya ya kuma wanke na iyalansa da kuma Karuwarsa ( idan mai neman mata ne). Domin yawancin Yarabawan da suka zo kawo mota, sukan taho tare da

37Karuwansu.

Kai ! 'Abin fa da yawa, wai mutuwa ta je kasuwa'. Abin sani, shi ne, Karen mota yana yin wahaka qwarai da gaske, wanda har ta sa Alhaji Adamu Xanmaraya Jos ya kawo wasu wahalhalun da yake yi kamar haka:

Aura babban kaftaninka rava,

Xan-baqi mai buje da rava,


Na-inna ko takalminka rava,

Ga babban faci a tsuli,

Ga mai xinki da masilla,

Xan-baqi mai totir da sakaina.

………………………..

Dillalin adila ya xauko,

Na-inna ko sai waigi ya kinkimo.

Sannan kowa na gado da katifa,

Gogan sai benci ya jera,

Ya yi matashin kai da galan.

(Adamu Xan Maraya Jos / Waqar Karen Mota)

4.2 Yadda Ake Fara Koya Wa Karen-Mota (Yaron Mota) Tuqi, A Da.A cewar Malam Sani Musa Direba, Idan Ubangida ( Bayarabe ko Bahaushe) ya kula da cewar Karen motar nan ya bautu ga harkar mota da sauran aikace-aikacenta, sai rannan ya ce masa ya dawo gaba zai fara koya masa mota. An fi koya wa idan mota ba ta da kaya.

Da farko yakan ce wa yaron motar ya lura da yadda yake yin tuqi. Idan an gama da wannan, sai Ubangidan ya matsa gefen qofar motar ya ce wa yaron motar ya matso ya kama sitiyari. A nan, saiti kawai za a koya masa. Idan ya iya, sai a fara ba shi sitiyari da totur yana yin tafiya da ita. Duk abin nan Ubangida na zaunawa a gefen marfi, don gudun ko ta kwana, sai ya yi sauri ya amshe tuqin.

Idan tafiya ta yi nisa, bayan an sauke lodi, sai Ubangida ya rinqa ba yaron motar domin ya tuqa ta, ya yi “fakin” xinta, watau ya ajiye ta waje xaya.Ubangidan kuma, a wannan lokaci, zai tsaya gefe guda ya ga yadda yaronsa zai gyara wa motar wurin zama.

Bayan Ubangida ya gamsu da yaronsa, sai kuma ya fara ba shi motar domin ya tuqa, a tafi a yo lodi. A nan, za a kula da yadda yaron zai rinqa yin saiti a hanya da kuma iya yin kiliya idan wata mota ta taho, domin hanyoyin mota, a da, tsukakku ne masu xaukar mota xaya a lokaci guda.

36 ALHAJI Adamu Xanmaraya Jos ya rera wannan waqa a cikin waqarsa mai suna “Waqar Karen Mota”.

37 Hirar da aka yi da Alhaji Garban Hange Malumfashi, shugaban 'yan kamasho na manyan motoci. An yi wannan hira da shi a ranar 07/09/2010, a gaban ofishinsa na kamasho, a bakin titi, Malumfashi.


Haka kuma ubangida zai rinqa ba yaron mota ya tafi da ita rafi don ya wanke ta, bayan an sauke lodi. Idan duk ya ga ya iya, sai kuma ya fara gwada shi yin tuqin motar da kaya a kai. Wata sa'a, ubangidan idan ya gaji, yakan kwanta ya huta, ya ba yaron ya tuqa, ya bi hanya, don ya ga yadda zai yi.

Da zarar Ubangida ya tabbatar da iyawar motar yaronsa, sai ya umurce shi da ya tafi ya yanko “lana” a Katsina. Maigidan nan shi ne ke ba yaronsa duk kuxaxen da zai kashe a wajen zirga-zirgar da zai yi a wajen yanko “lena”(takardar shedar

38koyon tuqi) ko hawan “Tes”(gwajin iya tuqi).

5.0 Yadda Direbobi Ke Samun Lasisi, A DaMallam Umar Idris Namukakali ya ce idan Ubangida ya ga cewar hannun yaronsa ya nuna sosai, sai ya ba yaronsa kuxi domin ya tafi unguwar Filin-bugu, a Katsina, domin ya yanko “lana”. Mallam Ibrahin Sani Kasharto kuwa ya ce “lena” dai hoto ake bayarwa wanda ake xafa wa mutum a jikin wata takarda mai rubutu, sannan a buga wa hotan da takardar hatimi. Wannan lana kariya ce ga yaron mota, domin ko da Bi'ai'o (V.I.O.) ya riski yaron mota a kan hanya, yayin da zai je yin lodi ko zai sauke lodi, ba za a kama shi ba idan yana da lana.

Duk yaron motar da ya yanko lana, sai ya xan daxe kafin ya koma Katsina domin ya hau “tes” (watau jarrabawar koyon tuqin mota), don ya yanko lasi. A da, a qofar Soro ta cikin garin Katsina ake hawan “tes”.

Idan yaron mota ya zo hawan “tes” Bi'ai'o zai karanta masa littafin qa'idojin tuqi,wanda ya qunshi yadda za a sarrafa mota da yadda za a bi hanya. Mallam Umar Idris Namukakali Malumfashi ya ce Bi'ai'o ne kan zo da mota “Landiroba” wadda ake hawan “tes” da ita. Amman Alhaji Garban Hange Malumfashi ya ce Bi'ai'o kan ce wa mutum ya zo da motar da ya koya, domin ya hau “tes” da ita. Mallam Ibrahim Sani Kasharto Jibiya ya ce, a da, Turawa ne Bi'ai'o.Bahaushen da ya fara zama Bi'ai'o shi ne Lawal Sodangi daga nan sai Audu Bi'ai'o, sai Garba Lange, sai F,C,Yaro. Bi'ai'o'in sukan sanya 'dirum' guda huxu a wurare daban-daban, amman daidai saitin tayoyin mota, waxanda ake cewa mutum ya bi ta tsakaninsu.

Idan Yaron mota ya hau 'tes', Bi'ai'o ya ga hannunsa bai nuna ba sosai,sai ya sake ce masa, ya sake yankar 'lana' ta biyu. Idan aka sake hawan 'tes' ba a ci ba, sai a sake sanya yaron mota ya sake yankar 'lana'. In Allah ya so, idan ya sake dawowa zai cinye, domin ya karanta dokokin mota da na hanya sosai, ya kuma san su. Mallam Idris Namukakali Malumfashi ya ce akan shiga malamai sosai domin a yi wa Bi'ai'o'i asiri, don a ci 'tes' tun a tashin farko ko na biyu. Da zarar

39an ci 'tes', sai a ba mutum 'Lasisi'.


6.0 Samar Wa Yaro Motar Da Zai Tuqa A cewar Malam Sule Rarume Batsari, idan yaron mota ya sami lasisi, Ubangidansa ne ke da alhakin nema masa mota. Wata sa'a, idan Mai arziqi ya canza wa direba mota, shi kuma direban sai ya roqar ma yaronsa arziqin a ba shi tsohuwar motar ya tuqa. Kuma daman, Mai arziqi kan ce wa direbansa, ya samo masa wani direba, mai kirki, wanda zai tuqa tsohuwar motarsa da ya bari. Ke

40nan, faxuwa ce ke zuwa daidai zama.

7.0 Tadodin Direbobin Manyan Motoci Ga Iyayen Gidansu, A DaWani abin ban sha'awa ga sana'ar tuqin babbar mota shi ne, aikata wasu tadodin da suka ta'allawa da su masu amfani, kamar haka:

41Tabbas! A cewar Malam Ummaru Idris Na-Mukakali, idan yaron mota ya sami mota, daga nan ya zama direba. To, amman ba a nan take ba, dole ne sabon direban ya ci gaba da yi wa unabgidansa ladabi da biyayya har qarshen rayuwarsa. Wasu daga cikin ladubban da yakan yi wa ubangidansa su ne:

Idan aka gamu a kan hanya, sabon direba kan tsaya, domin ya tafi har gun motar ubangidansa ya gaishe shi. Idan lokacin azumi ya yi ko sallah, sabon direba kan sayo kayan abinci ya kai ma ubangidansa. Haka kuma, yakan xinka wa uban gidansa da 'ya'yansa da matansa kayan sallah da sai masa icce a lokacin da matarsa ta haihu ko kuma a duk lakacin da ya yi muradi ko wani buxi ya samu.

Kai! Idan ka koya wa mutum mota, a da, to ba za a sake fatara ba a gidanka, in dai waxanda ka koya mawa suna da mota a hannunsu. Alhaji Mamman Shata

42Katsina ma ya tabbatra da cewar direba in ba motaa hannunsa, to, talakka ne:

“Allah jiqan direba, in ba mota”


A nan, ana nufin direban da ba shi da motar tuqawa a hannunsa, kamar matacce ne, domin ba zai kasance cikin wadatar kuxi ba.

38 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Sani Musa Direba, xan wajen shekara arba'in da uku. An yi wannan hira da shi a Qofar 'Yanxaka, a Katsina, a ranar 08/05/2010.

39 Hira da Malam Idris Na-Mukakali Malumfashi. An yi hirar a ranar 21/07/2013 a wajen aikinsa na kamashon motocin gwamnati, a bakin tasha, Malumfashi.

40 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Sule Rarume Batsari, xan wajen shekaru hamsin da byu, a ranar 12/05/2010. An yi hirar a garejin Alhaji Lawal Walda, Katsina.

41 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Ummaru Idris Na-Mukakali Malumfashi. An hirar a ranar 12/02/2010, a garin Malumfashi.

42 Alhaji Mamman Shata ya yi wannn kalami a cikin waqarsa ta Bawa direba.


8.0 Muhimmancin Sana'ar Tuqin Babbar Mota43

Mallam Umar Namukakali Malumfashi ya ce sana'ar tuqin mota, babbar sana'a ce mai muhimmanci, wadda mutumen banza ba ya yinta. Sana'a ce wacce ake dunqule dukiya mai yawa, a wuri xaya, ga bashi an xauko, sannan a ba ka domin ka tattala a ci abinci. Saboda haka,kaxan daga cikin muhimmancinta sun haxa da:

Da farko, an sami direbobi da motoci da yawa a qasar Katsina. Bincike ya tabbatar da cewa, a wannan sabuwar sana'a. akan ba direba mota, ya tafi ya nemo kuxi, a bisa wata yarjejeniyar abin da za a biya shi ladarsa (Bunza, 2005:9).

Haka kuma, an sami sababbin na'urori waxanda suka kawo sauqi wajen xaukar kaya da yin tafiye-tafiye. Alal misali, Bayahuden nan mai suna Kwastan na garin Malumfashi ya sayo motoci da yawa domin ya ji daxin tafiyar da sana'arsa ta awon gyaxa da auduga da qwara.Wannan ya haddasar da samuwar direbobi da leburori da yawa a garin Malumfashi (Malumfashi, 2006:26). Alhaji (Dr.) Mamman Shata Katsina ya tabbatar da haka, da ya lissafa wasu direbobin da suka yi tuqi a gida Kwastan, kamar haka (Ibrahim, 2014:6):

"……………………

Da shi da tuqi Tandar,

Man Kano Mai Saje,

Xan gidan Bature Kwastan,,

Da shi da Bawa na Kwastan,

Waxanda ke gasa qarfe."

(Mamman Shata Katsina / Waqar Bawa Direba)(Ibrahim, 2014:6; Funtua, 2010:15)

Haka kuma, ta haifar da wasu sababbin sana'o'i waxanda yawancinsu direbobi ne waxanda ba su da mota suke yinsu. Misali, kamasho da ruwaya da makanezanci da kanikanci da gwangwani da makamantansu, duk kusan direbobin manyan motoci ne ke gudanar da su, a garuruwan qasar Katsina.

Ta haifar da samuwar “Tasha”, wadda cibiya ce mai bunqasa tattalin arziqin Katsinawa, wadda ake yin harkokin saye da sayarwar abubuwa da dama.

Bugu da qari, saboda tsayawa da direbobi ke yi don yin gyara ko hutawa a wasu wurare, wannan ya kawo kafuwar wasu garuruwa da unguwoyi a qasar Katsina. Misalin irinsu sun haxa da Gidan-Mutum-Xaya da Mararrabar Musawa da Mararrabar Qanqara da Layin Xan'auta da unguwar Jabiri a Funtuwa.

Kazalika, ta kawo bunqasar wasu garuruwa a sanadiyyar kai kaya ko xaukarsu da tsayawa da ake yi don yin gyare-gyare da hutawa. Misali, akan kai kayan auduga da xaukarsu a Bisije (B.C.G.A.) a Funtuwa da Malumfashi. Haka kuma,


akan yi awon gyaxa da auduga da qwara a Malunfashi da Sukuntuni da Batsari, wanda wannan ya kawo bunqasarsu.

Baya ga nan, ta sami shiga cikin adabin Hausa wadda mawaqan Hausa suka waqe sana'ar da masu yinta. Misali: Alhaji Haruan Uje Na Haxejiya na xaya daga cikin irin mawaqan da suka yabi masu irin wannan sana'a mai muhimmanci, kamar yadda ya rera cewa:

Allah la'ilaha illallahu,

Wannan kixan direbobi ne,

Kaito! 'yan maza magurza qarfe,

Amma, ni ne Haruna Uje Haxeja,

Ina kixa gangan nan kan matuqa mota.


Hakazalika, ta haddasar da cuxanyyar al'adadun Hausa da na wasu qabilu. Misali Yarabawa da yawa sun zauna a garuruwan qasar Katsina, kamar Funtuwa, a sanadiyyar kawo wasu kayayyaki da babbar mota daga qasashensu.Wannan ya haddasar da cuxanya da are-aren al'adu. Misali anko da Alfa da Teba da Amala da Agushi da gyale da ashana da kwano da akwati da makamantansu da yawa (Zarruq, 1986:20; Garba, 1984:45; Gafai, 2010; Sallau, (?) :18-20).

Kuma ma, ta kawo wani sabon salon yin rubuce-rubuce a jikin mota na yin habaici da nuna isa ko godiya ga Allah da nuna irin sana'ar da mutum ke yi ta asali, wadda ta bas hi jarin sayen mota da makamantansu (Bunza, 2005:11). Kaxan daga cikin irinsu sun haxa da:

"Alhaji na Butu mai goro,

Saniya sai da haram!"

Ko

Yaro sai ka zo,

In ba ka yi, ba ni wuri,

Nepa, gidan wuta, bala'in tafiya.

(Bunza, 2005:11)

Baya ga haka, ta kawo bunqasar sana'ar malanta, ta hanyar bayar da taimakona tsaro da neman shahara ga direbobi. Malanta sana'a cewadda ta kasance masu sana'o'i ko muqamai ba su yi ba tare da su ba (Alhassan, 1982:68). Bincike ya

43 Hirar da aka yi da Malam Ummaru Idris Na-Mukakali Malumfashi. An hirar a ranar 12/02/2010, a garin Malumfashi.


tabbatar da cewa wasu direbobi kan tafi wajen malamai domin neman taimako na kariya daga haxurran hanya da kuma miyagun hanya (Bunza, 2005:9). Hausawa ma na cewa:

"Katsinawa masu asirin gado"

(Xanhausa, 2010:163).

Daga qarshe, sana'ar tuqin babbar mota ta samar wa jami'an tsaro qima ta musamman, a da. Abin nufi shi ne, direbobi na ba jami'an tsaro, irin su 'Yan-sanda da Bi'ai'o daraja da qima sosai a cikin harkarsu ta sana'ar tuqin mota. Alal misali, direba ba ya tuqa mota, sai dole yana da Lasi ko Lena. Ke nan, dole ya hau "Tes" (Jarabawar Tuqin Mota), ta tuqin, kafin ya samu Lasisin tuqi. Akan yi wa Bi'ai'o ladabi da biyayya sosai, don neman cin jarrabawar tuqi. Haka kuma, idan direba yana tafiya kan hanya, da zarar 'Yan-sanda sun tsayar da shi, yakan

44tsaya, a bincike shi.

9.0 Illolin Sana'ar Tuqin Babbar Mota

Da farko sana'ar tuqin manyan motoci ta kawo bunqasar wuraren shashanci da sharholiya a wasu garuruwan da ake tsayawa a shaqata, kamar a Gidan Mutum-Xaya da Mararrabar Qanqara da Malumfashi. Alhaji Mamman Shata ya

45tabbatar da haka:

Ya yi masallaci a yi sallah,

Ya fito waje yai xan hotal

……………………………

Ga giya ga taba,

Ga kuma mata zundun-zundun,

Ka jinjina mai qwai,tamfar kaza.

(Mamman Shata Katsina/ Waqar Abu 'Yan Mama)

Abin nufi a nan shi ne, akwai masallaci da giya da taba da karuwai, waxanda duk abubuwa ne masu sanya direbobi su tsaya su shaqata. Masu sallah su yi, haka ma masu sharholiya su sheqe ayarsu.

Baya ga haka, ta bunqasar da rashin zaman aure ga wasu matan Hausawa. Misali, da mace ta ga ba ta son miji ko ba ta sami abin da take so ba a wurin miji, ba ta iya yin haquri, sai ta caralle ta shiga karuwanci inda direba zai yi mata sha-tara ta arziqi, ba

ma kamar in suna yin dadaro. Alhaji Sani Sabulu Na Kanoma ya ce:

Mai dadiro vatacce ga Allah,

Mai dadiro maqwafcin kura ne,


Girma yake yana kwana daji,

Matarsa na gida ya guje ta,

Ya qi ta ba ya kwana wajenta,

Babu zanen rufi ko na xauri,

Babu kuxin fura ko na nono,

Yazo gidan kilaki ya zauna,

Mace guda tana ta wahalshe shi,

Zaman da ba wali ba sadaki.

(Sani Sabulu Nakanoma / Waqar Mai Dadiro)(Yakasai, 2011:75)

Haka kuma, ta kawo bunqasar sana'ar 'Yan Daudu ta sayar da abinci, waxanda ake tsayawa sayen abinci a wajensu. Yawanci, a wajajen da direbobi kan tsaya su huta ko su kwana, nan ne matattarar 'Yan daudu da Karuwai, masu sayar da abincin sayarwa da direbobi kan saya su ci. Cinikin da suke samu, ya haddasar da bunqasar sana'ar da samun 'Yan daudu da yawa a qasar Katsina, a da.

Kazalika, sana'ar ta salwantar da mutane da dama, waxanda suka mutu ta 46

hanyar haxurra da dama ko kashe su da varayi sukan yi a kan hanya. Alhaji Haruna Uje, a cikin waqarsa ta direbobi ya tabbatar da haka, kamar yadda ya rera cewa:

A sai da rai a nemo suna, ku matuqa mota,

Wani ya sai da ransa bai samu ba,

Kaito! Mota da wa da wa suka faxi?,

Amma! Ta kai su lahira ta bar su,

Haji Ummaru direban tanka,

Mota ta kai shi lahira ta bas shi,

Gadar Ilori ta ci amana,

Ta cinye Malam Mamman,

Shi ma duk ta gama da shi ta bas shi,

Bakin rahi,

Ina Falala xan Wanzan mai kamewa?,

Mota ta zo ta domin tashi,

44 Hirar da aka yi da Alhaji Garban Hange, a ranar 15/03/2010, a bakin ofishinsa na 'yan kamashon babbar mota, a garin Malumfashi.

45 A sami wannan a cikin kaset mai suna waqa Alhaji Garba 'Yammama ta Alhaji Mamman Shata Katsina.

46 An rera irin mutane da mota ta kasha a cikin waqar direbobi ta Alhaji Haruna Uji na Haxeja.


Ta hau ta kai shi lahira ta bas shi,

Jikan Nadabo kwallin kura,

Kwalli ne mai shiga idon yarinya,

Shi ma ta kai shi lahira ta bas shi.


Waxannan direbobi da ma wasu, su ne shahararrun direbobin da suka ti tuqin babbar mota, a da, kuma a sanadiyyar tuqin motar suka halaka. Allah ya jiqansu.

10.0 Naxewa

An shirya wannan maqala da manufar qara samar da rubuce-rubuce a fannin sana'ar tuqin mota da kuma ilimantar da masu son shiga cikin sana'ar su san yadda take da yadda ake yin ta. A cikinta an yi nazarin wasu tsofaffin direbobin da suka yi fice a qasar Katsina da ire-iren manyan motocin da suka fara tuqawa da kuma ire-iren waqoqin da mawaqan qasar Hausa suka yi musu da kuma kirare-kiraren da Hausawasuka yi musu, saboda shahararsu wajen nuna bajintar tuqin manyan motoci, a da. Haka kuma, an bayyana yadda Katsinawa suke koyon tuqin mota da yadda ake samun lasisi da ladubban da yaro kan yi wa ubangidansa da muhimmanci da kuma illolin sana'ar tuqin babbbar mota a qasar Katsina da kuma shawarwari a kan sana'ar tuqin babbar mota a qasar Katsina.

11.0 ShawarwariSana'ar tuqin babbar mota ta zama ruwan dare game duniya a qasar Katsina. Sana'a ce baquwa. amman bunqasarta ya haddasar da ita ta shiga cikin al'adun Katsinawa da ma sauran Hausawa. Saboda haka, ina bayar da shawarwari kamar haka:

Da farko, ina fatan masana da manazarta su qara yin zuzzurfan bincike domin yin nazari a kan tuqin mota a duk nfaxin qasar Hausa, na manyan motoci da qanana. Haka kuma, ana iya yin bincike a kan halayyar direbobin manyan motoci a cikin al'ummar Hausawa, kamar yawan yin aure-aure da yawan cin nama da makamantansu.

Haka kuma, ya kamata gwamnatin qasar Katsina, da ma na qasar Hausa baki xaya, su sayi manyan motoci su bayar da su tuqi domin qara samar wa mutane sana'ar yi. Akwai yaran manyan motoci waxanda suka koyi sana'ar tuqi, amman ba su da motoci, saboda qarancin masu halin da za su iya sayen manyan motoci su bayar da su tuqi.

Bugu da qari, ya kamata gwamnati ta nemo wasu daga cikin tsofaffin direbobin da suka yi suna, su ba su kyaututtuka na nuna bajinta irin tad a, da kuma taimakawa da suka yi wajen fito da sunan jihar Katsina, saboda bajintarsu.


Kazalika, direbobin manyan motoci su kafa qungiya tasu, wadda idan wani direba ya yi ba daidai ba, a wajen tuqa babbar mota, su ladabtar da shi. Haka kuma, duk wani mai kuxi ko gwamnatin da ke son direban babbar mota, yana iya tunkarar wannan qungiya.

Daga qarshe, ya kamata gwamnatin qasar Katsina da ma ta Nijeriya ga baki xaya, su dawo da tsarin hawan"tes" a wajen Bi'ai'o kafin a ba mutum Lasi. Wannan zai tsarkake gurvatar da ake da ita a yau, ta rashin iya mota, wanda ke jawo haxurra barkatai. A yanzu, sai ka ga direba ya sami Lasi, ba tare da sanin qa'idojin tuqi da na hanya ba.

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Documents

Sana'ar Tukin Babbar Mota a Kasar Katsinadegeljournal.org/Papers/DEGEL-2016-11-15.pdf2016/11/15 · xaukar kaya a cikin kasar Katsina. Wannan zance haka yake, idan aka yi la'akari