Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org (SASO) · saudi standards, metrology and quality org (saso) motor vehicles gasoline ics: 75.160.20 this document is a draft saudi standard

الهيئة السعودية للمواصفات والمقاييس والجودةSaudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org (SASO)

MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE

ICS: 75.160.20

THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT SAUDI STANDARD CIRCULATED FOR

COMMENT. IT IS, THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT

BE REFERRED TO AS A SAUDI STANDARD UNTIL APPROVED BY

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

SASO FDS/ 30127: 2016

مقدمة

المواصفة القياسية السعودية رقم بتحديثقامت الهيئة السعودية للمواصفات والمقاييس والجودة واألجنبية والدولية العربية القياسية المواصفات ستعراضا بعد" وقود)بنزين( السيارات "( 0591/6102)

جازولين " (0591/6110السعودية رقم )قياسية المواصفة الصلة على أن تلغي ال ذات المرجعية والمؤلفات )بنزين( المركبات " وتحل محلها.

Foreword

Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO) has updated the

Saudi Standard No. (1950/2016) “MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE" based on

relevant ADMO, International and National foreign Standards and references.

The approved Saudi Standard will replace and supersede the Saudi Standard No

(1950/2001) “UNLEADED MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE”

SAUDI ARABIAN STANDARD SASO ........./2016

MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE

1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

1.1 This standard is concerned with unleaded motor vehicles gasoline used as a

fuel for ground vehicles equipped with spark-ignition internal combustion

engines. This fuel contains oxygenated compounds such as methyl tertiary –

butyl ether (MTBE), and it contains two Grades (Premium Gasoline 95 RON) and

(Premium Gasoline 91 RON).

1.2 This standard describes various characteristics of automotive fuels for use over a

wide range of operating conditions. It provides for a variation of the volatility and

water tolerance of automotive fuel in accordance with seasonal climatic

changes at the locality where the fuel is used.

1.3 The spark-ignition engine fuels covered in this standard contains the gasoline

and its blends with oxygenates such as alcohols and ethers. This standard does

not apply to fuels that contain an oxygenate as the primary component, such as

Fuel Methanol (M85). The concentrations and types of oxygenates are not

specifically limited in this standard. However, as oxygenate content increases

above some threshold level, the likelihood for vehicle problems also increases,

and this is depending on oxygenate type.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety problems associated

with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish

appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of

regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. COMPLEMENTARY REFERENCES

2.1 SASO 150/1979 “Determination of Total Sulfur Content in Petroleum

Products (Lamp Method)".

2.2 SASO 151/ 2003 "Methods for Determination of Existing Gum in Motor

Gasoline and Aircraft Fuels by Jet Evaporation".

2.3 SASO 181/2001 "Evaluation of Copper Corrosion by petroleum products

(Copper Strip Test)".

2.4 SASO-ASTM- D5191/2014 "Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of

Petroleum Products (Mini Method).

2.5 SASO 205/1980 "Electrical Fuel Dispensing Pumps".

2.6 SASO 256/1981 "Methods of Test for Gasoline – Determination of Low Lead

Content in Gasoline".

2.7 SASO 258/1981 "Methods of Test for Gasoline - Determination of Vapour -

Liquid Ratio".

2.8 SASO-ASTM-D3341/2011 "Methods of Test for Gasoline - Determination of

the Lead Content in Gasoline by Iodine Monochloride Method".

2.9 SASO 619/1990 "Methods of Testing for Crude Petroleum and Petroleum

SAUDI ARABIAN STANDARD SASO ....../2016

2

Products: Determination of Density, Relative Density and API Gravity of

Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method".

2.10 SASO 1060/1998 “Methods of testing gasoline- Determination of octane

number (research method)

2.11 SASO-ISO-3405/2014 "Petroleum Products- Determination of Distillation

Characteristics at Atmospheric Pressure".

2.12 SASO-ASTM-D3227/2014 “Determination of Mercaptan Sulphur Content in

Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric

Method)”.

2.13 SASO 1752/2008 “Determination of Colour of Petroleum Products”.

2.14 SASO 1779/2000 "Determination of Density and Relative Density of Liquids

by Digital Density Meter".

2.15 SASO-ISO-3837/2010 “Determination of Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid

Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indication Adsorption”.

2.16 SASO-ISO-7536/2006 "Methods for Testing Gasoline – Determination of

Oxidation Stability Gasoline by Induction Period Method".

2.17 SASO-ASTM-D-6378/2011 "Test M e t h od of Vapour Pressure of Gasoline and

Gasoline Oxygenate Blends - (Dry Method)".

2.18 SASO-ASTM-D2380/2005 "Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME,

DIPE, tertiary Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas

Chromatography".

2.19 SASO-ASTM-D3606/2011"Determination of Benzene and Toluene in

Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Chromatography".

2.20 SASO-ASTM-D6277/2014 "Standard Test Method for Determination of

Benzene in Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels Using Mid Infrared Spectroscopy ".

2.21 SASO-ASTM-D873/2014 "Determination of Oxidation Stability of Aviation

Fuels (Potential Residue Method)".

2.22 SASO 2162/2003 "Petroleum Liquids - Manual Sampling".

2.23 SASO 2262/2004 "Petroleum Liquids – Automatic Sampling".

2.24 SASO-ISO-5275/2006 "Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvent-

Detection of Thiols and Other Sulfur Species- Doctor Test".

2.25 SASO-ASTM-D5453/2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Total

Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,

and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence”.

2.26 SASO-ISO-20847/2006 “Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content

of automotive fuels - Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”.

2.27 SASO-ASTM-D2622/2011 “Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum

Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry”.

2.28 SASO-ASTM-D5580/2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of

Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C9 and Heavier

Aromatics, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography”.


2.29 SASO-ASTM-D5769/2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of

Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry”.

2.30 SASO-ASTM-D5059/2014 “Standard Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-

Ray Spectroscopy”.

2.31 SASO-ASTM-D3831/2014 “Standard Test Method for Manganese in Gasoline

by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy”.

2.32 SASO-ASTM-D6839/2014 “Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types,

Oxygenated Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas

Chromatography”.

2.33 SASO-ASTM-D86/2014 “Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum

Products at Atmospheric Pressure”.

2.34 SASO-ASTM-D6378/2011 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Vapor

Pressure (VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, and Hydrocarbon-

Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple Expansion Method)”.

2.35 SASO-ASTM-D323/2014 “Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of

Petroleum Products (Reid Method)”.

2.36 SASO-GSO-OIML-R117/2007 “Dynamic measuring systems for liquids other

than water. Part 1: Metrological and technical requirements “.

2.37 SASO-GSO-OIML-R118/2007 “Testing procedures and test report formatfor

pattern evaluation of fuel dispensersfor motor vehicles “.

2.38 SASO…./….. “Determination of Total Iron in the Gasoline”.

3. DEFINITIONS

3.1 Unleaded motor gasoline: A volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons,

generally containing small amounts of additives, suitable for use as a fuel in

spark-ignition, internal combustion engines. It shall be no addition of an alkyl

lead.

3.2 Oxygenated compounds: One or more than one ashless, organic compounds

containing oxygen in some added substances such as ethanol or ether, which

can be mixed with gasoline as a fuel supplement.

3.3 Gasoline-alcohol blend: A fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along

with a substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass % oxygen, or more than

0.15 mass % oxygen if methanol is the only oxygenate) of one or more

alcohols.

3.4 Gasoline-ether blend: A fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along

with a substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass % oxygen) of one or more

ethers.

3.5 Gasoline-oxygenate blend: A fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along

with a substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass % oxygen, or more than

0.15 mass % oxygen if methanol is the only oxygenate) of one or more

oxygenates.

4. CLASSIFICATION

4.1 Unleaded gasoline shall be classified according to the Octane Number:

4.1.1 Premium gasoline (95 RON).

4.1.2 Premium gasoline (91 RON).

4.2 Unleaded gasoline shall be classified according to seasonal changes in


4

volatility, vapour - liquid ratio and distillation fractions. Tables 1 and 2

represent 95 RON and 91 RON grades, respectively.

Table (1)

Premium Gasoline (95 RON)

TEST GUARANTEE METHOD

Color Standard Red See Item (2/13)

Corrosion Cu Strip at 50 °C, 3 hr Max No. 1b See Item (2/3)

Density, at 15 °C, kg/m3 To be reported See Item (2/9) or

See Item (2/14)

Octane Number, Research Min 95.0 See Item (2/10)

Oxygenates MTBE,

Vol % or

Other Ether Based Oxygenates, wt%

Max 15.0

Max 2.7

Sulfur, wt% Max 0.10

See Item (2/1)

See Item (2/25)

See Item (2/26)

See Item (2/27)

Doctor Test, or

Mercaptan Sulfur, ppm wt

Negative (Note h)

Max 15.0

See Item (2/24)

See Item (2/12)

Benzene, vol% Max. 3.0

See Item (2/19)

See Item (2/28)

See Item (2/20)

See Item (2/29)

Metallic Lead, g/L Max 0.013 (Note a) See Item (2/8)

See Item (2/30)

Total Manganese, mg/L 0.25 (Note i) See Item (2/31)

Total Iron, mg/kg 0.5 (Note i) See Item (2/36)

Olefin vol% Max. 5.0 (Non-Cracked)

Max 20.0 (Cracked) (Note c)

See Item (2/15)

See Item (2/32)

Gum, Solvent Washed, mg/100 ml

(Note j) Max 3.0 See Item (2/2)

Gum, Unwashed, mg/100 ml

(Note j) To be reported See Item (2/2)


Potential Gum Unwashed, 8 hr,

mg/100 ml (Note j)

To be reported

(Note b) See Item (2/21)

Distillation:

Vol % Evap at 70 °C (E70) Min - Max

Vol % Evap at 100 °C (E100) Min –Max

Vol % Evap at 150 °C (E150) Min

End Point °F (°C) Max

Max Residue, vol% Max

20 - 48

46 - 71

75

437 (225)

2.0

See Item (2/33)

See Item (2/11)

Vapor Lock Index (VLI) Max

SUMMER

875

INTERMEDIATE

915

WINTER

1160

(Note g)

Vapor Pressure, Reid, psia (kPa)

(Min - Max)

6.5(45) -

9.0(62)

(Min - Max)

6.5 (45) –

10.0 (69)

(Min - Max)

6.5 (45) - 11.5

(79)

See Item (2/4)

See Item (2/35)

See Item (2/34)

Oxidation Stability, at 212 °F,

minutes Min 480 See Item (2/16)

Additives: 1. Antioxidant, lb/1,000 bbl.

2. Metal Deactivator, lb/1,000 bbl.

3.Deposit Control Additive (DCA),

lb/1,000 bbls. (Optional by

Agreement)

(See Notes c, d, e, f and i )

Min. 20.0

Min. 0.5

Min. 130.0

Seasons Summer Intermedate Winter

Months June,July,August March,April,May,Septemper,October and November December,January and February

NOTES:

a) Testing of lead is not required for domestic gasoline, but is required for imported gasoline.

b) The result of the potential gum (unwashed, 8 hours) test is to be reported within 48 hours

from product certification at point of origin. The final objective of monitoring the potential

gum is to meet the internal target of a maximum potential gum content of 20 mg/100 ml

(unwashed, 8 hours). All gasoline producers are encouraged to meet this monitoring target.

c) The additive package (antioxidant and metal deactivator) is not needed for non cracked

gasoline.

d) Antioxidant dosing of imported gasoline shall be limited to a minimum of 20.0 lbs/1,000

barrels at the point of manufacture and certified by an independent inspector.

e) Approved additives type, brand, dosage and qualification reference to be reported.


6

f) f ) No additives or chemical additions to gasoline are approved except as designated in this

specification.

g) VLI = 10(RVP) + 7(E70); RVP in KPA, E70 is vol% evaporated at 70 C.

h) If the result of the Doctor Test (Item 2/24) is positive, then only mercaptan sulfur determination

test is required.

i) Metallic additives are not allowed for octane boosting in Saudi Aramco gasoline (domestic

and imported). For the rejection of the imported cargoes, the detection limits of the equipment

shall be used. The detection limits of total manganese and iron are 0.25 mg/l and 0.5 mg/kg,

respectively. Testing of manganese and iron is not required for domestic gasoline, but is required

for imported gasoline. Labo- ratories analyzing the imported gasoline should always have the

ability to test for manganese and iron. j) Test required for imported cargoes, cracked products, or when the olefins content is 5 vol. % or

more.

Table (2)

Premium Gasoline (91 RON)

TEST GUARANTEE Methods

Color Green See Item (2/13)

Corrosion Cu Strip at 50 °C, 3 hr Max No. 1b See Item (2/3)

Density, at 15 C, kg/m3 To be reported See Item (2/9)

or See Item (2/14)

Octane Number, Research Min 91.0 See Item (2/10)

Octane Number, Motor (Note a) Min 81

Oxygenates MTBE, Vol %

or

Other Ether Based Oxygenates, wt%

Max 15.0

Max 2.7

Sulfur, wt% Max 0.10

See Item (2/2)

See Item (2/25)

See Item (2/26)

See Item (2/27)

Doctor Test, or

Mercaptan Sulfur, ppm (wt)

Negative (Note f )

Max 15.0

See Item (2/24)

See Item (2/12)

Benzene, vol% Max. 3.0

See Item (2/19)

See Item (2/28)

See Item (2/20)

See Item (2/29)


Metallic Lead, g/L Max 0.013 (Note b) See Item (2/8)

See Item (2/30)

Total Manganese, mg/L 0.25 (Note g) See Item (2/31)

Total Iron, mg/kg 0.5 (Note g) See Item (2/38)

Olefin, vol% Max. 5.0 (Non-Cracked)

Max 20.0 (Cracked)

See Item (2/15)

See Item (2/32)

Gum, Solvent Washed, mg/100 ml

(Note h) Max 3.0 See Item (2/2)

Gum, Unwashed, mg/100 ml

(Note h) To be reported See Item (2/2)

Potential Gum Unwashed, 8 hr,

mg/100 ml (Note h)

To be reported

(Note c) See Item (2/21)

Distillation:

Vol% Evap at 70 °C (E70) Min - Max

Vol% Evap at 100 °C (E100) Min - Max

Vol% Evap at 150 °C (E150) Min

End Point °F (°C) Max

Max Residue, vol% Max

20-48

46-71

75

437 (225)

2.0

See Ite See Item (2/33)

m (2 See Item (2/11)

/4)

Vapor Lock Index (VLI) Max SUMMER

875

INTERMED

IATE

915

WINTER

1160 (Note e)

Vapor Pressure, Reid psia (kPa)

(Min –

Max)

6.5(45) –

9.0(62)

(Min –

Max)

6.5 (45) –

10.0 (69)

(Min - Max)

6.5 (45) –

11.5 (79)

See Item (2/4)

See Item (2/35)

See Item (2/34)

Oxidation Stability, at 100 °C, minutes Min 480 See Item (2/16)


8

Additives:

1. Antioxidant, lb/1,000 bbl. 2. Metal Deactivator, lb/1,000 bbl.

3. Deposit Control Additive (DCA),

lb/1,000 bbl. (Optional by

Agreement)

Min. 20.0 (Note d)

Min. 0.5

Min. 130.0

NOTES:

a) Applicable to imported cargoes only.

b) Testing of lead is not required for domestic gasoline, but is required for imported

gasoline,but reguired for imported gasoline.Refineries laboratories shoud have always the

ablity to test for metallic lead from time to time.

c) The result of the potential gum (unwashed, 8 hours) test is to be reported within a

maimum of 48 hours from product certification at point of origin. For imported gasoline

the potential gum is limited to a maximum of 20 mg/100 ml.OSPAS in coordination with

Distribution Operators has the authority to accept potential gum “ higher than 20 mg/100

ml,only on as needed basis “ .

d) The additive package (antioxidant and metal deactivator) is not needed for non cracked

gasoline.

Antioxidant dosing of imported gasoline shall be limited to a minimum of 20.0 lbs/1,000

barrels at the point of manufacture and certified by an independent inspector.

Approved additives type, brand, dosage and qualification reference to be reported.

No additives or chemical additions to gasoline are approved except as designated in this

specification.

e) VLI = 10(RVP) + 7(E70); RVP in KPA, E70 is vol% evaporated at 70 C.

f) If the result of the Doctor Test (Item 2/24) is positive, then only mercaptan sulfur

determination test is required.

g) Metallic additives are not allowed for octane boosting in Saudi Aramco gasoline (domestic

and imported). For the rejection of the imported cargoes, the detection limits of the

equipment shall be used. The detection limits of total manganese and iron are 0.25 mg/l

and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. Testing of manganese and iron is not required for domestic

gasoline, but is required for imported gasoline. Labo- ratories analyzing the imported

gasoline should always have the ability to test for manganese and iron.

h) Test required for imported cargoes, cracked products, or when the olefins content is 5 vol.

% or more.

Note(1): benzene, sulphur, olefin compounds, oxygen content, and vapor pressure values are

recommended to be updated and revised.


5. REQUIREMENTS

Unleaded motor vehicle gasoline shall meet the following:

5.1 It shall be free from undissolved water, suspended matters, and sediments. It

shall be clear and bright at the ambient temperature or at 21oC, whichever is

higher.

Note(2): The gasoline sample used in visual examination test shall not be cooled

below about 15oC or at the temperature recorded when the sample was taken,

whichever is lower, as cooling of gasoline containing oxygenated compounds can

produce changes in appearance that cannot be reversed on rewarming.

5.2 In order to produce vehicle catalytic systems phosphorus – containing

compounds shall not be included in unleaded gasoline.

5.3 Oxygen content should not be more than 2.7% by mass in gasoline -

oxygenate blend.

5.4 It shall comply with the characteristics mentioned in Table 1 for RON 95 and

Table 2 for RON 91.

6. SAMPLING

6.1 Sampling shall be taken from gasoline pumps, storage tanks or pipeline

according to the Saudi Standards mentioned in items (2.36) and (2.37).

7. METHODS OF TEST

The following tests shall be carried out in accordance with Saudi standards

prescribed in items (2.1) to (2.38). Samples shall be taken in accordance with

item (6).

7.1 Visual inspection to ensure the absence of water, sediments and suspended

matter.

7.2 Determination of color.

7.3 Determination of distillation characteristics.

7.4 Determination of potential gum (unwashed) content.

7.5 Corrosion of copper strip test.

7.6 Determination of oxidation stability.

7.7 Determination of Sulfur content.

7.8 Determination of lead content.

7.9 Determination of vapour Pressure.

7.10 Determination of octane number by Research Method.

7.11 Determination of vapour-liquid ratio.

7.12 Determination of Oxygen content.

7.13 Determination of density.

7.14 Determination of methyl tertiary-butyl ether content (MTBE).

7.15 Determination of benzene content.

7.16 Determination of olefin content.


10

7.17 Determination of solvent washed gum content.

7.18 Determination of additives.

7.19 Doctor test.

7.20 Determination of mercaptan sulphur content.

8. MARKING

8.1 Without prejudice to what is mentioned in the Saudi standard mentioned in

item (2.5), the following information shall be legibly and indelibly marked in a

conspicuous space on each gasoline pump and container in Arabic or Arabic

and English languages.

8.1.1 Unleaded gasoline.

8.1.2 Octane number.

8.1.3 Net volume (for container only).

8.1.4 Type of oxygenate.

8.1.5 Name of manufacturer or its trademark.

8.1.6 Date of manufacture or its abbreviation (for container only).

8.1.7 Precaution “Avoid Environmental Pollution” or put the international sign for

“No Pollution”.

8.2 For tank cars, tankers, tank lorries or others where marking is difficult,

however, those may be marked in invoice.

9. RULES O F ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION

9.1 Each consignment of unleaded motor vehicles gasoline shall be accompanied

with a certificate stating its compliance with this standard.


REFERENCES

MAIN REFERENCES:

- American Society for Testing and Material ASTM D-

4814/2016b “Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-

Ignition Engine Fuel”.

- Aramco Specifications A-380/2014 and A-381/2014 for

Premium Motor Gasoline for RON 95 and RON 91.

Other References

- EUROPEAN STANDARD: EN 228:2012 "Automotive

Fuels – Unleaded Petrol – Requirements and Test Methods"

- Japanese Industrial Standard, JIS K 2202 –2012 “Motor

Gasoline”

- Society of Automotive Engineers SAE J312/2010

“Automotive Gasoline”.

المراجع:

المراجع الرئيسية:

معية األمريكية لالختبار والموادالج-

ب 4184/6182رقم دي

"وقود السيارات ذات محركات احتراق تعمل بالشرارة"

16٠/6184-أ ،٠11/6184-رقم أ مواصفات أرامكو -

" 98، 59: الممتاز جازولين السيارات"

المراجع األخرى:

لبريطانيةالمواصفات القياسية ا-

الوقود الخالي -"وقود السيارات 661:6186رقم إي إن المتطلبات وطرق االختبار". -من الرصاص

المواصفات الصناعية اليابانية-

"جازولين 1866 – 6166رقم جي اي اس كي السيارات".

جمعية مهندسين السيارات-

"جازولين السيارات". 86٠/6181رقم جي

Documents

Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org (SASO) · saudi standards, metrology and quality org (saso) motor vehicles gasoline ics: 75.160.20 this document is a draft saudi standard