SmartBits Architecture Overview - 義守大學 Assure AccelerateTM SmartBits Architecture Overview 2 What is SmartBits? • Spirent Communications’ SmartBits network performance

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SmartBits Training

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Analyze Assure Accelerate SmartBits Architecture Overview 2TM

What is SmartBits?

Spirent Communications SmartBits network performance analysis system is the industry standard for high port density testing of 10/100/Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, POS, Fibre Channel and Frame Relay networks and network devices.

SmartBits provides solutions for the following:Broadband Access

Core Network

IPV6 Testing

Local Area Network

Metro Area Network

QoS

Routing

Storage Area Network

Web/Security

Wireless LAN


SmartBits Performance Analysis System

The SmartBits product line features portable and high-density chassis; an assortment of cards/modules that support various technologies, protocols, and interfaces; plus software applications and automation.


Traditional vs. SmartMetrics Modes

SmartBits Cards/Modules have many capabilities. These capabilities are classified as Traditional, SmartMetrics,

and even TeraMetrics (discussed on a different slide). Depending on the type of Card/Module you are using, it will

have some or most of these capabilities. Depending on the type of test you want to run, you may use

some or most of these capabilities.

Traditional SmartMetricsPacket Blasting QoS Testing Port Metrics Stream Metrics Triggers Signatures Counters Histograms Simulates Layer 3 Layer 3 Control Plane Example: SX-7410B/LAN-3100A Example: ML-7710/LAN-3101A


TeraMetrics Overview

Advanced Modules for SMB-600/6000B/6000C chassis. Supports multiple Layer 2 technologies:

10/100/1000/10Gig Ethernet, POS (Packet Over SONET), and ATM

Enables simultaneous control and data plane testing. Supports application execution on the module. Supports applications:

TeraRouting Tester (TRT), TeraVPN, SmartFlow MPLS, Avalanche


TeraMetrics Architecture

Each module contains:A high performance Pentium processor running Linux v7.10 per module.

Open architecture supports custom applications.

Wire-rate transmit and receive engines with SmartMetrics/Traditionalcapabilities.

Cut-throughchannel

L2 PHY

TxE RxE

Pentium-III TeraMetrics

SmartMetrics

Traditional


Topics Overview

Introduction

SmartBits Process SmartBits Hardware

SmartBits GUI Applications


Physical Diagram

IP Management Network

SmartBitsControlStation

DeviceUnder Test

(DUT)


Topics Overview

Introduction

SmartBits Process

SmartBits Hardware SmartBits GUI Applications


SmartBits Chassis Family

2000

200

6000B

6000C

600


SmartBits 200/2000 Overview

SmartBits 2004-slot chassis1 to 4 ports/chassisSupports all existing SmartCardsHas additional front panel LEDs and a reset switch

SmartBits 200020-slot chassis1 to 20 ports/chassisStackable controller unit with 1 to 80 ports/stackSupports all existing SmartCards

SmartBits 200 Front View



SmartBits 600/6000B/6000C Overview

SmartBits 6002-slot chassis1 to 16 ports/chassisSupports all existing ModulesHas additional front panel LEDs and a reset switch

SmartBits 6000B and 6000C

12-slot chassis1 to 96 ports/chassisSupports all existing ModulesHas additional front panel LEDs and a reset switch


SmartBits 6000C Front View


Topics Overview

Introduction

SmartBits Process

SmartBits Hardware




The following are SmartBits GUI Applications:AST II

Avalanche SmartBits

SmartApplications

SmartCableModem Test

SmartFabric

SmartFlow

SmartFlowVoIPQoS

SmartMultiCastIP

SmartSignaling ATM

SmartTCP

SmartWindow

SmartxDSL

Spirent Connect*

TeraRouting Tester

TeraVPN Tester

Turn Up Connect

WebSuite

* Not a standalone application


SmartWindow


SmartApplications

RFC 1242, RFC 2544


RFC 1242 and RFC 2544

1) Throughput ()

2) Latency ()

3) Frame Loss Rate (%)

4) Back-to-Back ( Buffer )


Throughput

From RFC 1242: the maximum rate at which none of the offered frames are dropped by the device.

From RFC 2544: send a specific number of frames at a specific rate through the DUT/SUT and then count the frames that are transmitted by the DUT/SUT.


Throughput

Loading

Binary search(Keep-alive and routing update frames are not counted as received frames.)

Max (100%)Max (100%)

Min (0%)Min (0%)

Initial (50%)Initial (50%)


Latency

For Cut-Through devices: FIFO (first in-first out)

For Store and Forward devices: LIFO (last in-first out)

FrameFrame

FrameFrame

FrameFrameFrameFrame

FIFO (first inFIFO (first in--first out)first out) LIFO (last inLIFO (last in--first out)first out)


Latency

Trigger (Timestamp)

Cut-Through(Receive Timestamp) minus (Transmit Timestamp)

Store and Forward (Cut-through Rate) minus (Frame Bit Time)


Packet Loss Rate

From RFC 1242: Percentage of frames that should have been forwarded by a network device under steady state (constant) load that were not forwarded due to a lack of resources.

From RFC 2544: Send a specific number of frames at a specific rate through the DUT/SUT to be tested and count the frames that are transmitted by the DUT/SUT.


Packet Loss Rate

A particular source and destination MAC address to the DUT/SUT.

Transmit Transmit ReceiveReceiveX 100% = = Packet LossPacket Loss %%

TransmitTransmit


Back-to-Back

From RFC 1242: Fixed length frames presented at a rate such that there is theminimum legal separation for a given medium between frames over a short to medium period of time, starting from an idle state.

From RFC 2544: Send a burst of frames with minimum inter-frame gaps to the DUT/SUT and count the number of frames forwarded by the DUT/SUT.

DUTDUTA B

BufferBuffer


Back-to-Back

First a packet burst is performed for a user-specified period.

If all packets are received at the receiving port, the test is successful and testing is stopped.

If even one packet is lost, the number of packets sent in the burst is halved and retried.


SmartFlow


What Is SmartFlow?

SmartFlow is the first application to test QoS and analyze the performance and behavior of the new breed of policy-based network devices.

High priority - Telnet

Congested port

Switching Fabric

Output Port

Input PortsMedium priority - FTPStream-based measurements include:

Throughput, min/max/ave latency,latency distribution, and latency variation.

Low priority - HTTP


Summary of SmartFlow test !

ThroughputMeasures the maximum rate at which frames from flows and groups sent through a device can be sent without frame loss.

Frame LossMeasures the number of frames lost from flows and groups sent through a device.

JumboMeasures frame loss, latency, and latency distribution in flows and groups of flows sent through a device, and updates each of these results simultaneously. It also measures latency standard deviation based on latency distribution, and the number of frames received that were out of sequence.


Summary of SmartFlow test !LatencyMeasures the minimum, maximum, and average latency of received frames in flows and groups of flows sent through a device.

Latency DistributionMeasures the latency of received frames in flows and groups of flows sent through a device, and sorts them into 8 latency buckets. Compared to the Latency test, this test can provide a finer view of latency behavior at the DUTs load tolerance limits.

Latency Over TimeLatency Snap ShotMeasures the latency of each received frame, for a specified number of frames in flows and groups of flows sent through a device.


AST II


RFC-2285/2889 OverView

RFC-2285, "Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching Devices."

RFC-2889, "Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching Devices.

throughput, frame loss and forwarding rates

Partially meshed one-to-many/many-to-one

Partially meshed unidirectional traffic

Congestion Control

Forward Pressure and Maximum Forwarding Rate

Address caching capacity

Address learning rate

Errored frames filtering

Broadcast frame Forwarding and Latency


Test Traffic Topologies

Uni-path

Partial Mesh

Fan

Full Mesh


AST II Tests

1.Throughput 2.Congestion Control 3.Address learning 4.Address caching 5.Error Filtering 6.Broadcast Forwarding 7.Broadcast Latency 8.Forwarding Pressure


Head-of-Line Blocking

How does the congested port affect the forward rate of the uncongested port?

The diagram below depicts the flow of traffic between the switch ports :

Port 1 Port 350% load

50% load

100% load

Uncongested port

Port 2 Port 4

Congested port

SmartBits TrainingParalinkDavid HuangWhat is SmartBits?SmartBits Performance Analysis SystemTraditional vs. SmartMetrics ModesTeraMetrics OverviewTeraMetrics ArchitectureTopics OverviewPhysical DiagramTopics OverviewSmartBits Chassis FamilySmartBits 200/2000 OverviewSmartBits 600/6000B/6000C OverviewTopics OverviewSmartBits GUI ApplicationsSmartWindowSmartWindowSmartApplicationsRFC 1242 and RFC 2544Throughput Throughput Latency Latency Packet Loss Rate Packet Loss Rate Back-to-Back Back-to-Back SmartFlowWhat Is SmartFlow?Summary of SmartFlow test !Summary of SmartFlow test !AST IIRFC-2285/2889 OverViewAST II TestsHead-of-Line Blocking

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SmartBits Architecture Overview - 義守大學 Assure AccelerateTM SmartBits Architecture Overview 2 What is SmartBits? • Spirent Communications’ SmartBits network performance