Sporogonie Schizogonie - zmbh.uni-heidelberg.de · Peridineum sp. Dienstag, 10. November 2009. Gymnodinium catenatum Dienstag, 10. November 2009. Karenia brevis Algenblüte: Red tide

Apicomplexa: Lebenszyklus von Plasmodium

Schizogonie

Gametogonie

Sporogonie

asexuell

Makrogamonten / MakrogametenMikrogamonten / Mikrogameten

Meiose

Dienstag, 10. November 2009

Dinoflagellata / FlagellataPanzeralgen / Panzergeißler

• freilebend im Phytoplankton

• 2 Geißeln

• Panzer aus Cellulposeplatten

• vegetative Stadien in Haplophase


Dinoflagellata


Peridineum sp.


Gymnodinium catenatum


Karenia brevis

Algenblüte: Red tide

Brevetoxin


Karenia brevis

Algenblüte: Red tide


Amoebozoa / RhizopodaAmöben, Acanthamoeben

• freilebend und endoparasitisch

• Fortbewegung mit Pseudopodien, nicht mit Geißeln

• Panzer aus Cellulposeplatten

• vegetative Stadien in Haplophase


Rhizopoda: Rhizopodenvielfalt


Mayorella sp.


Difflugia sp.


Amöboide Bewegung


Phagozytose bei Amöben


Heliozoa, Radiolaria, Foraminifera / Rhizopoda

• freilebend

• limnisches und marines Plankton

• Skelett aus Kalk oder Silikat

• Gesteinsbildend

Sonnentierchen, Strahlentierchen, Kammerlinge


Heliozoa


Pompholyxophrys punicea


Radiolaria


Radiolaria: Astrolithium sp.


Foraminifera: Ammonia sp.


Foraminifera


Foraminifera


KUNSTFORMEN DER NATUR


Major evolutionary transitions

• Replicating molecules to populations of molecules in compartments

• Unlinked replicators to chromosomes• RNA as gene and enzyme to DNA and protein (genetic

code)• Asexual clones to sexual populations• Protists to animals, plants and fungi (multicellularity)• Solitary individual to colonies (non-reproductive castes)• Primate societies to human societies

Eörs Szathmáry & J Maynard Smith, 1995


Evolution der Mehrzelligkeit

S. Carroll , Nature 2001


Parazoa, Diploblastia Triploblastia


Parazoa, Diploblastia Triploblastia



Mycale loveni


Euplectella


Schwämme

Calcera KalkschwämmeDesmospongiae Horn und KieselschwämmeHexactinellidae Glasschwämme


Pseudosuberites pseudos


Bauplan Schwämme


Bauplan Schwämme


Bauplan Schwämme


Ascon


Choanozyten der Schwämme



PlacozoaTrichoplax adhaerens


Tricoplax adhaerens


Tricoplax adhaerens


Placula-Hypothese


Planula-Hypothese



Ediacara fauna


Cambrian explosion

Simon Conway MorrisCell 100 (2000)


Cambrian explosion



Cambrian explosion

Cambrian explosion



Cambrian explosion

Cambrian explosion

common ancestor



Cnidaria Bauplan

Fresh water polyp Hydra

Starlet sea anemone Nematosteralla


Cnidaria Bauplan

b c

d eM

M

a

M

Ecto

Endo


Fresh water polyp Hydra1 mm

Hydrozoa Bauplan


Hydromeduse


Radiär Symmetrie der Cnidaria


Nesseltiere

Chironex

Seeanemone

Koralle

Cladonema

Aurelia

Cladonema

Cnidaria


http://images.google.ch/imgres?imgurl=http://luciopesce.interfree.it/zoologia/cubo2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://luciopesce.interfree.it/zoologia/cnidar3.html&h=400&w=308&sz=24&tbnid=hsPXsWI6N0wJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=92&hl=de&start=26&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dchironex%2526start%253D20%2526imgsz%253Dsmall%25257Cmedium%25257Clarge%25257Cxlarge%2526hl%253Dde%2526lr%253D%2526sa%253DN

































http://images.google.ch/imgres?imgurl=http://www.koralsiden.dk/Art/Acropora%252520_Sp..jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.koralsiden.dk/Artsliste.htm&h=1024&w=768&sz=100&tbnid=0znW4fhawksJ:&tbnh=149&tbnw=112&hl=de&start=3&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dacropora%2526imgsz%253Dxxlarge%2526hl%253Dde%2526lr%253Dlang_de%2526sa%253DN


Nesseltiere

Medusa

Polyp

Chironex

Seeanemone

Koralle

Cladonema

Aurelia

Cladonema

Cnidaria





































Nesseltiere

Medusa

Polyp

Chironex

Seeanemone

Koralle

Cladonema

Aurelia

Cladonema

Cnidaria





































Cnidaria

Anthozoa Octocorallia Korallen Hexacorallia Anemonen, Seefedern

Medusozoa Hydrozoa Hydra, Staatsquallen Scyophozoa „Quallen“ Cubozoa Würfelquallen


Anthozoa / Octocorallia: Lophogorgia chilensis






Anthozoa / Hexacorallia: Anthopleura elegantissima


Anthozoa / Hexacorallia: Anthopleura elegantissima


Anthozoa / Hexacorallia: Anthopleura sola


Anthozoa / Hexacorallia: Urticina lofotensis


Hydrozoa: Polyorchis penicillatus


Hydrozoa / Siphonophora: Velella velella


Scyphozoa: Aurelia aurita


Die Kambrische ExplosionDas Nervensystem der Cnidaria


Cnidae action


Cnidae action


Cnidae action


Cnidae

Desmonemen


Cnidae

Stenotelen(Penetranten)


nanosecond kineticd of nematocyte discharge

1.430.000 fps 700 nanoseconds discharge 130 km/hour speed5.410.000 G 1 nanogram mass 7 GPa impact


nanosecond kineticd of nematocyte discharge

1.430.000 fps 700 nanoseconds discharge 130 km/hour speed5.410.000 G 1 nanogram mass 7 GPa impact


Bauplantypen

acölomat: Plathelminthes


Mesodermbildung

Immigration Schizocoelie Enterocoelie


Bilateria


Bilateria


Bauplantypen



Bauplantypen



Bauplantypen



Bauplantypen

pseudocölomat: Nematoden


Bauplantypen

cölomat: Deuterostomia & Anneliden


Documents

Sporogonie Schizogonie - zmbh.uni-heidelberg.de · Peridineum sp. Dienstag, 10. November 2009. Gymnodinium catenatum Dienstag, 10. November 2009. Karenia brevis Algenblüte: Red tide