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7/28/2019 Srividya Diksha Vivechana.doc
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Srividya Diksha Vivechana
Srividya is a Shastra in itself and like every other Shastra, has the associated
anubandha chatuShTaya adhikAra, abhidheya, sambandha and prayojana.
adhikAra describes the qualifications required to obtain initiation into
shrIvidyA. Abhidheya is the subject matter of Srividya. Sambandha describes
its relation with other Shastras. Prayojana describes the fruits obtained by
studying Srividya. A guru should understand these four concepts well. As
Srividya Shastra in essence advocates Nivrtti, it is also termed parA vidyA.
Srividya is moksha Shastra or the science of liberation, which can be
approached in five different levels, the upAsyas for which are lalitA,mahAtripurasundarI, rAjarAjeshwarI, parA bhattArikA and ahaMtA or
sadakhyA. All these are generally termed as `shrI'. That Shastra which
describes `shrI' is called shrIvidyA. Or, shrIyate sarvairiti shrIH she who is
worshipped by all is shrI.
As there is no difference between Brahma Jnana and Brahmi Bhava
[brahmavidApnoti param], there is no difference between the upAsya [shrI] and
it's vidyA. Thus, Srividya refers to that vidyA or mantra which is of the form of
shrI and refers to shrI. Also, as described in Siddha Yamala, Parashakti has two
chief forms: Rakta Kali and Shyama Kali. Rakta Kali is called Vidya Rajni andShyama is associated with Dakshina Kali and Sundari. Thus, Srividya refers to
Sri + Vidya Srividya, which encompasses the worship of both these forms
and hence of Purna Parabrahma Shakti. Also, that vidya which has the ramA
bIja as its core is referred to as Srividya. That which grants shrI i.e. purushartha
chatushtaya is called Srividya. The term Srividya has been explained in 108
ways by Brahmasri Sri Tadepalli Veeraraghava Shastrigal.
Srividya Diksha differs with the Sampradaya. In Ananda Bhairava
Sampradaya, which involves Kaula Marga (note: as described in Badabanala
Tantra, there is no Vamachara path prescribed for Srividya. Only Kaula isprescribed by the Tantras and it is this path that is described as adakShiNa,
savyApasavya etc in Rahasya Sahasranama). To understand the qualification
for obtaining Srividya diksha, one needs to examine Dasha Bhedas:
1. Guru Parampara this forms the core of Srividya Upasana and the other nine
Bhedas are primarily offshoots of this first bheda.
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2. Sampradaya Dakshinamurti, Hayagriva and Ananda Bhairava. Once again,
there is NO Dattareya Sampradaya that is being claimed ignorantly. Dattatreya
is one of the 32 Upasakas of Srividya and hence is included under Guru
Parampara and not Sampradaya. Guru of any authentic Srividya lineage should
necessarily belong to one of these three Sampradayas.
3. Diksha depending on the disciple's eligibility and the Guru's capability,
varna, sparsha, vedha and other forms of diksha are imparted.
4. Peetha there are two peethas described in the Tantras. First is related to the
Peethadhikara of the Guru and involves shrIpeetha, mahApItha, sAmrAjyapItha
etc. This discussion is beyond the scope of the present context. As described in
Uddamareshwara Tantra, Srividya is also related to one of the four shAnkara
pIthas or AmnAya mathas, which bear close relation with the four AmnAyas
(pUrva, dakShiNa, pashchima, uttara) called the praveshAmnAyas (the gate of
entry into Sripura), respectively signifying Vaidika, Shaiva, Vaishnava and
Shakta Amnayas.
5. yAga Bheda antaryAga, bahiryAga, mahAyAga and rahoyAga. Guru
initiates the disciple into one or more of these paths depending on the
qualification.
6. Varnashrama Bheda as discussed in Sruti, Smrti and Agamas
7. Devata Bheda Depending on the Samskara and Vasana of the Shishya, he
is initiated into worship of Kali or Sundari (one of her five forms, progressively
leading to Sadakhya).
8. Achara Bheda again depending on Shishya's Samskara and Adhikara
Samaya, Dakshina and Kaulacharas.
9. Mantra Bheda bAla, panchadashi, shodashi, parA shodashi and Guhya
shodashi.
10. Yantra Bheda depending on Sampradaya, Mantra and Achara, shishya is
told to worship, Bhu Kurma or Meru Prshta Yantras, with other specifications
as prastara (kailasa etc).
Based on these dasha bhedas, a Guru who understands Sanketa Traya (Puja
Mantra Chakra Sanketas) initiates the disciples. These days, any one who
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recites Sri Lalita Sahasranama or has upadesha of panchadashi or shodashi
mantras (or have read the mantra from somewhere) refers to himself as
upAsaka. This is an incorrect usage of the word `upAsanA'. Though the zeal of
Gurus and Shishyas who are trying to spread Srividya through public platforms
needs to be appreciated to some extent, this cannot lead either the Guru or the
Shishya anywhere. Guru who is expected to be `shishya-hrit-tApa-hAraka', is
unfortunately more often `shishya-vitta-apaharaka' in the current times. But this
is again according to the Yuga Dharma, as clearly stated by Lord Mahadeva in
Meru Tantra.
There are six Dikshas described in the Tantras, depending upon the eligibility
of the disciple samayA, putrikA, sAdhikA, vedhikA, pUrNAchArya and
Nirvana. Based on the ingredients used in kriyA diksha, there are several types
like kunda, kalasha, mantapa etc. Based on Anugraha and Parigraha
(transmission and reception), there are seven Dikshas: Samskara, Varna, Kala,
Sparsha, Vak, Drk and Manas. Vak, Drk, Sparsha and Manas Dikshas are
classified under Shambhavi Diksha. Again Varnamayi Diksha has three
classifications and Kala Diksha is again classified into five types: Nivrtti,
Pratishtha, Vidya, Shanti and Shantyatita. Kala Diksha is again granted in
Srshti Sthiti Samhara kramas as also in Anuloma and Viloma schemes.
Mano Diksha is again classified into two types: tivrA and tivratarA. A Siddha
Guru grants Maha Vedha diksha to a highly advanced disciple, propelling him
instantly into a state of Samadhi. Sparsha Dikshas like Gandusha etc. are
peculiar to Kaula Marga and are considered inferior.
Karma Diksha is the highest Diksha and Upasana marga in Srividya. Here, the
Sampradaya followed is that of Sri Maha Dakshinamurti. The Upasana karma
involves the worship of:
1. Twelve Amnayas (Six Amanayas taught to a normal Purnabhishikta, four
Upamnayas, Adharamnaya and Sarvotteernamnaya)
2. Sixteen Avaranas in the Srichakra corresponding with the Chakras in the
body from AdhaH Sahasrara to Shodashanta Mahabindu
3. ChatuH Samaya
4. Pancha Samaya5. Shodha Samaya
6. Pancha Simhasani
7. Pancha Panchika
8. Dasha Maha Vidya
9. Dasha Maha Bhairava
10. Navaratna Sundari
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11. Navaratna Kubjika
12. Shodasha Chakreshwari
This scheme of Diksha, starting from Tarini to Anuttaravedini, sixty-four in
number, is called Krama Diksha. The disciple progressively undergoes
shAktAbhisheka, pUrNAbhisheka and kramAbhisheka. After these three
Dikshas, sadhaka can wear Yagnopavita in the Niviti fashion. If the shishya is
an uttamadhikari, he is further initiated into medhA, sAmrAjya medhA and
mahA sAmrAjya medhA dikshas. One who has undergone these six Dikshas is
called mahA pUrNAbhishikta and such a Sadhaka resides forever in Soham
state, attains Guru Bhava and is a Paramahamsa. He resides in the
Turiyatitashrama, untouched by the rules of Varna and Ashrama. Without
Mahapurnabhisheka, those who discard Varna and Ashrama are Karma
Bhrashthas who attain hells such as Raurava.