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Status of biological conservation in Taiwan
臺灣的生物保育現況
Status of biological conservation in Taiwan
臺灣的生物保育現況
Jer-Ming Hu 胡哲明Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,
NTU
Jer-Ming Hu 胡哲明Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,
NTU
本著作除另有註明外,採取創用CC 「姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享」台灣 3.0 版授權釋出
Unless noted, the course materials are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
3.0 Taiwan (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)
Status on conservationStatus on conservation
Over-development and urbanizationDeforestationHabitat fragmentation
Problems in governmental regulationConflicts between conservation and livingConservation efforts
Over-development and urbanizationDeforestationHabitat fragmentation
Problems in governmental regulationConflicts between conservation and livingConservation efforts
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Rice field in ChanghuaRice field in Changhua
CamphorCamphor
• In 1918, Japanese estimated there are 1.8 million camphor trees in Taiwan
• In 1945, it is say Taiwan is the biggest export country of camphor
• In 1918, Japanese estimated there are 1.8 million camphor trees in Taiwan
• In 1945, it is say Taiwan is the biggest export country of camphor
National Taiwan University Library
Chamaecyparis formosensis 紅檜 ( 薄皮仔 ) Chamaecyparis formosensis 紅檜 ( 薄皮仔 )
National Taiwan University Juinn-Yih Huang
Flickr Bettaman
Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan
National Taiwan University Library
Cutting in 1928Cutting in 1928 TaipingshanTaipingshan
National Taiwan University Library
Flickr 孤雲出岫 Free Cloud
Tree Spirit Pagoda, Alishan. Built in 1935Tree Spirit Pagoda, Alishan. Built in 1935
Sacred Tree in Sitou Sacred Tree in Sitou
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Human disturbance in lowland Chia-YiHuman disturbance in lowland Chia-Yi
Human disturbance in LishanHuman disturbance in Lishan
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Debris flow in Shen-Mu-tsun, NantouDebris flow in Shen-Mu-tsun, Nantou
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Protected areas in TaiwanProtected areas in Taiwan
Category No. Law Agent
National parks 8 National Park Law Construction and Planning Agency, Ministry of the Interior
Natural reserves 20 Cultural Heritage Conservation Law Ministry of Agriculture
Wildlife refuges 17 Wildlife Conservation Act
Ministry of Agriculture, local government
Major wildlife habitats 34 Wildlife Conservation Act
Ministry of Agriculture, local government
Forest Reserves 6 Forestry Law Forestry Bureau, Ministry of Agiculture
Coastal Protection area 12Coastal Natural Environment Protection Plan
Ministry of Agriculture
Data from Forestry Bureau
Laws related to natural conservationLaws related to natural conservation
• National Park Law (1972)• Law of Hunting (1972)• Urban Planning Law (1973)• Regional Planning Law (1974)• Statute for the Development of Tourism (1980)• Cultural Heritage Conservation Law (1982)• Forestry Law (1985)• Fishery Law (1986)• Utilization and Transfer of Reserved
Mountainous Land (1986 and 2006)• Wildlife Conservation Act (1989)
• National Park Law (1972)• Law of Hunting (1972)• Urban Planning Law (1973)• Regional Planning Law (1974)• Statute for the Development of Tourism (1980)• Cultural Heritage Conservation Law (1982)• Forestry Law (1985)• Fishery Law (1986)• Utilization and Transfer of Reserved
Mountainous Land (1986 and 2006)• Wildlife Conservation Act (1989)
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Dongsha Atoll National Park 東沙國家公園 (2007)Dongsha Atoll National Park 東沙國家公園 (2007) National parks in plan:
•Maqaw National Park 馬告國家公園•Nengdan National Park 能丹國家公園•Lanyu National Park 蘭嶼國家公園
Taijiang National Park 台江國家公園 (2009)
Kinmen National Park 金門國家公園 (1995)Kinmen National Park 金門國家公園 (1995)
Kenting National Park 墾丁國家公園(1984)Kenting National Park 墾丁國家公園(1984)
Yushan National Park 玉山國家公園 (1985)
Taroko National Park 太魯閣國家公園 (1986)
Sheipa National Park 雪霸國家公園 (1991)
Yangmingshan National Park 陽明山國家公園 (1985)
‘Three terrors’ in Hengchung‘Three terrors’ in Hengchung
• Armed Forces Joint Training Base• Local’s complain: threats of bombing• Response from Army: provide community
services
• Armed Forces Joint Training Base• Local’s complain: threats of bombing• Response from Army: provide community
services
http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2004/new/sep/21/today-fo9.htmhttp://www.dtmimage.com/showphoto/main.asp?CatID=88
‘Three terrors’ in Hengchung‘Three terrors’ in Hengchung
• Nuclear Power Plant No. 3• Local’s complain: threats of nuclear
contamination• Response from NPP: rewards to community
• Nuclear Power Plant No. 3• Local’s complain: threats of nuclear
contamination• Response from NPP: rewards to community
Flickr 谷慕斯
‘Three terrors’ in Hengchung‘Three terrors’ in Hengchung
• Kenting National Park• Local’s complain: too much restriction; unfair
on management• Response from KNP: everything under legal
regulation
• Kenting National Park• Local’s complain: too much restriction; unfair
on management• Response from KNP: everything under legal
regulation
Flickr tsaiid
Wiki User: Koika
Voting in Kenting VillageVoting in Kenting Village
• October 27, 2003, An informal referendum voting on the issue of ‘Abolishing Kenting National Park’ was held in Kenting Village• 148 out of 153 votes for abolishing KNP
• October 27, 2003, An informal referendum voting on the issue of ‘Abolishing Kenting National Park’ was held in Kenting Village• 148 out of 153 votes for abolishing KNP
Wiki User: Orion tw
Conflicts on Makauy National Park planning
Conflicts on Makauy National Park planning
• 1998 Saving Chi-Lan cypress forest act• 2002 Anti-Makauy social movement• 2003 Stop the planning of Makauy National
Park• 2005 The Indigenous Peoples Basic Law• 2009-now Debates still continue
• 1998 Saving Chi-Lan cypress forest act• 2002 Anti-Makauy social movement• 2003 Stop the planning of Makauy National
Park• 2005 The Indigenous Peoples Basic Law• 2009-now Debates still continue
Girls wearing Atayal clothGirls wearing Atayal clothNational Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Indigenous Peoples Basic Law ( 原住民基本法 )
Feb. 5, 2005
Indigenous Peoples Basic Law ( 原住民基本法 )
Feb. 5, 2005
Article 19Indigenous persons may undertake the following non-profit seeking activities in indigenous peoples’ regions:1. Hunting wild animals2. Collecting wild plants and fungus3. Utilizing water resourcesThe above activities can only beconducted for traditional culture, ritual or self-consumption
News can be found in the following website:News can be found in the following website:
Zelkova case in Smangus ( 司馬庫斯 )Zelkova case in Smangus ( 司馬庫斯 )
Aug. 31, 2005. Typhoon Talim damaged the road in Smangus and a Taiwanese Zelkova fell down on the road
The Forestry Bureau removed some part of the tree and left the roots out. Three Ataya young men moved it back to the tribe with the authorization of tribal meeting. But they were later arrested by policemen for violating Forestry Law, collecting trees from National Forests
QuestionsWhat do we think we should do?
Aug. 31, 2005. Typhoon Talim damaged the road in Smangus and a Taiwanese Zelkova fell down on the road
The Forestry Bureau removed some part of the tree and left the roots out. Three Ataya young men moved it back to the tribe with the authorization of tribal meeting. But they were later arrested by policemen for violating Forestry Law, collecting trees from National Forests
QuestionsWhat do we think we should do?
http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/50476
Cultural Heritage Conservation Law Cultural Heritage Conservation Law
Designated 23 animals and 11 plants for protection (1982)
4 mammals9 birds5 reptiles2 fishes3 insects11 plants
All of them have been removed from the list except 5 plants
Designated 23 animals and 11 plants for protection (1982)
4 mammals9 birds5 reptiles2 fishes3 insects11 plants
All of them have been removed from the list except 5 plants
The 5 plants under CHCLThe 5 plants under CHCL
Formosan Amentotaxus (Amentotaxus formosana 台灣穗花杉 )
Taiwan Keteleeria (Keteleeria davidia v. formosana 台灣油杉 )
Nankotaizan Epilobium (Epilobium nankotaizanense 南湖柳葉菜 )
Taiwan Beech (Fagus hayatae 台灣水青岡 )
Tsukusien Juniper (Juniperus chinensis v. tsukusiensis 清水圓柏 )
Formosan Amentotaxus (Amentotaxus formosana 台灣穗花杉 )
Taiwan Keteleeria (Keteleeria davidia v. formosana 台灣油杉 )
Nankotaizan Epilobium (Epilobium nankotaizanense 南湖柳葉菜 )
Taiwan Beech (Fagus hayatae 台灣水青岡 )
Tsukusien Juniper (Juniperus chinensis v. tsukusiensis 清水圓柏 )
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Major wildlife habitats 野生動物重要棲息環境:34
Major wildlife habitats 野生動物重要棲息環境:34
Mianhua Islet 棉花嶼Huaping Islet 花瓶嶼
Jhongsing and Yongfu Bridges中興橋永福橋
Keya Estuary and Siangshan Wetland客雅溪口及香山溼地 Shuanglianpi
雙連埤 Lanyang Estuary 蘭陽溪口
Wuweigan 無尾港
Guanyin Coast觀音海岸
Cilan 棲蘭
Guanwu 觀霧
Wuling 武陵
Syueshankeng River 雪山坑溪
Rueiyan River 瑞岩溪
Shueilian水璉
Danda 丹大
Dadu Estuary大肚溪口
Yuli 玉里
Tashan 塔山
Lulinshan 鹿林山
Coastal Mountain海岸山脈
Sinwulyu River 新武呂溪
Guanshan 關山
Lijia 利嘉Shuangguei Lake
雙鬼湖Jinshueiying
浸水營Chachayalaishan
茶茶牙賴山
Zengwun Estuary曾文溪口 Nanzihsian River
楠梓仙溪
Cat Islets貓嶼
Mazu Islands馬祖列島
Flickr pseudolapiz
Mianhua Islet 棉花嶼Gaomei 高美
Sihcao 四草
Aogu 鰲鼓
Huben 湖本
Wiki kaedium
Oncorhynchus formosanus Formosan landlocked salmon
櫻花鉤吻鮭
Wildlife underpass in YangmingshanWildlife underpass in Yangmingshan
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Migration of milkweed butterflyMigration of milkweed butterfly
Euploea mulciber 端紫斑蝶Euploea mulciber 端紫斑蝶
Euploea sylvester swinhoei 斯氏紫斑蝶Euploea sylvester swinhoei 斯氏紫斑蝶
Flickr information.division
Flickr 4-6
•Special fence on the highway to help the migration of milkweed butterfly•One lane is closed to reduce traffic
•Special fence on the highway to help the migration of milkweed butterfly•One lane is closed to reduce traffic
邱銘源
Public Television Service Foundation
Copyright DeclarationWork Licensing Author/Source
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Library Database of Taiwanese Old photos (台灣大學總圖書館)http://photo.lib.ntu.edu.tw/pic/db/detail.jsp?dtd_id=32&id=10043&5&pk=seq&showlevel=22011/10/27 visited Note1.
National Taiwan University Juinn-Yih HuangThis work is licensed by Juinn-Yih Huang for the use of “The Biodiversity of Taiwan” course ONLY. The copyright belongs to the above mentioned entity and GET does not have the authorization right. Copyright privileges have to be negotiated with the copyright owner(s) for separately.
Flickr Bettamanhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/bettaman/4261950838/sizes/o/in/photostream/2011/10/31 visited
Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan Agriculture Website for KidsThis work is licensed by Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (行政院農業委員會) for the use of “The Biodiversity of Taiwan” course ONLY. The copyright belongs to the above mentioned entity and GET does not have the authorization right. Copyright privileges have to be negotiated with the copyright owner(s) for separately.http://kids.coa.gov.tw/knowledge.php?type=view&code=B31&id=taita_taita_20080122103407
National Taiwan University Library Database of Taiwanese Old photos (台灣大學總圖書館)http://photo.lib.ntu.edu.tw/pic/db/detail.jsp?dtd_id=32&id=32461&46&pk=seq&showlevel=22011/10/27 visited Note1.
Note 1: National Taiwan University Library 使用注意事項 : http://photo.lib.ntu.edu.tw/pic/image_new/manual.htm也有電洽對方,對方口頭告知我們可以合理使用。
Work Licensing Author/Source
National Taiwan University Library Database of Taiwanese Old photos (臺灣大學總圖書館)http://photo.lib.ntu.edu.tw/pic/db/detail.jsp?dtd_id=32&id=32486&61&pk=seq&showlevel=22011/10/27 visited Note1.
Flickr 孤雲出岫 Free Cloudhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/kent1124/5535961171/sizes/l/in/photostream/2011/11/2 visited
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
Note 1: National Taiwan University Library 使用注意事項 : http://photo.lib.ntu.edu.tw/pic/image_new/manual.htm也有電洽對方,對方口頭告知我們可以合理使用。
Work Licensing Author/Source
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Flickr tsaiidhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/tsaiid/4497084646/sizes/o/in/photostream/2012/01/10 visited
Wiki User: Orion tw http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chuanfan_Rock_in_Kenting_National_Park_00224.JPG2012/01/10 visited
Wiki User: Koikahttp://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kengting_Road.JPG2012/01/10 visited
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Wiki kaediumhttp://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oncorhynchus_masou_formosanus.jpg2011/10/7 visited
National Taiwan University Jer-Ming Hu
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Flickr information.divisionhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/taiwandenmark/3308128271/sizes/l/in/photostream/2012/01/10 visited
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This work is licensed by Public Television Service Foundation for the use of “The Biodiversity of Taiwan” course ONLY. The copyright belongs to the above mentioned entity and GET does not have the authorization right. Copyright privileges have to be negotiated with the copyright owner(s) for separately.
This work is licensed by 邱銘源 for the use of “The Biodiversity of Taiwan” course ONLY. The copyright belongs to the above mentioned entity and GET does not have the authorization right. Copyright privileges have to be negotiated with the copyright owner(s) for separately.