Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum

Studies and Texts in Antiquity and Christianity

Herausgeber /Edi tor : C H R I S T O P H M A R K S C H I E S (Heidelberg)

Beirat / Advisory Board H U B E R T C A N C I K (Tübingen) • GIOVANNI C A S A D I O (Salerno)

SUSANNA E L M (Berkeley) • JOHANNES H A H N (Münster) J Ö R G R Ü P K E (Erfurt)

18

Hans Dieter Betz

The "Mithras Liturgy" Text, Translation, and Commentary

Mohr Siebeck

HANS DIETER BETZ, born 1931; student o f Protestant theology at Bethel and Mainz (Germany), and Cambridge (England); 1957 Dr. theol., 1966 Habilitation at Mainz; 1963—1978 Professor o f New Testament at Claremont, California; 1978—2000 Shailer Mathews Professor o f New Testament, University o f Chicago; emeritus since 2000.

ISBN 3 - 1 6 - 1 4 8 1 2 8 - 3 ISSN 1436-3003 (Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum)

Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de.

© 2003 J .C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), P.O. Box 2040, D - 7 2 0 1 0 Tübingen.

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Table of Contents

Preface VII

Abbreviations and Short Titles IX

Critical Signs used in the Papyrus Text XVIII

I n t r o d u c t i o n 1

I. The "Mithras Liturgy": A Provocative Title 1 II. The Papyrus 5

1. Or ig in and Provenance 5 2. Editions 11

III. Albrecht Dieterich (1866-1908): Life and Scholarship 14 IV Genre and Composition 26

1. Delimitation 26 2. T h e literary genre 27 3. Composi t ion 28 4. Redact ion 31

V. The Religio-historical Context 32

G r e e k Tex t 39

Trans la t ion 50

L i te ra ry Analysis (Conspec tus ) 60

C o m m e n t a r y 88

I. The Exordium (11. 475-85) 88 A. T h e Invocation (1. 475) 88 B. Presentation of a Petition (11. 475-85) 91

II. The Main body of the ritual (11. 485-732) 101

V I Abbreviations and Short Titles

A. T h e opening (first) prayer (11. 485-537) 101 B. Prescription of the breathing ritual (11. 537—38) 130 C. Introduct ion to the ascension narrative (11. 539-44) 132 D.Ascension narrative in seven scenarios (11. 544-732) 134

III. Supplemental rituals (II. 732-819) 198 A. Opt ional rituals for including a fellow-initiate in the consultation

(11. 732-50) 198 B. Additional instruction (11. 750 -819) 204

1. First ritual: the sun-scarab o in tment (11. 751-78) 206 2. Second ritual: the plant kentritis (11. 778-92) 214 3. Fur ther items of informat ion (11. 792—813) 218 4. Thi rd ritual: the phylacteries (11. 813-19) 223

IV Epilogue (11. 819-20) 225

Plates 227

Bibliography 245

Indices 257 I. Greek Words 257

II. Voces magicae 273

Verzeiht! es ist ein groß Ergetzen, Sich in den Geist der Zeiten zu versetzen, Zu schauen wie vor uns ein weiser Mann gedacht, Und wie wir's dann zuletzt so herrlich weit gebracht.

GOETHE, Faust 1,11. 5 7 0 - 7 3

Preface

T h e Preface to Albrecht Dieter ich 's Eine Mithrasliturgie is da ted He ide lbe rg , M a y 2, 1903. T h e present c o m m e n t a r y appear ing a cen tu ry later is deeply i ndeb ted to this g r o u n d breaking w o r k w h i c h has r ema ined in p r in t t h r o u g h several re-edi t ions w i t h upda ted notes . Dieter ich 's m a i n ach ievement was to elevate a seemingly obscure papyrus text to o n e o f the mos t i m p o r t a n t or iginal d o c u m e n t s reflect ing an insider's perspect ive o f Graeco -Egyp t i an rel igion in the late Hellenist ic pe r iod . Dieter ich 's w o r k , however , has re -m a i n e d unf in i shed and his achievements have b e e n recognized on ly partly. R e s p o n d i n g to the chal lenge of carrying f u r t h e r Die ter ich ' s investigations in the l ight o f n e w evidence, and m a k i n g the text and its in te rpre ta t ion accessible to an Engl i sh-speaking readership has been the a im o f the present wr i te r .

Interest and e n c o u r a g e m e n t by m a n y colleagues and s tudents in several coun t r i e s h e l p e d speed u p the c o m p l e t i o n o f t h e c o m m e n t a r y . Special a c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s are due to the part icipants of seminars at C l a r e m o n t , Chicago , Jerusa lem, Tel Aviv, and annual meet ings o f the Society o f Biblical Literature. It is simply impossible to sort ou t the generous con t r ibu t ions m a d e by so m a n y colleagues and students w h o a t tended seminars and lectures over a g o o d n u m b e r of years.

Several persons, however , should be named . T h a n k s are due to Walter Burke r t and David Mar t inez for reading and c o m m e n t i n g o n the c o m p l e t e d manuscr ip t . David Mar t inez and David Jordan , b o t h expe r i enced papyro -logists, e x a m i n e d the n e w pho tog raphs of t he papyrus and p e r m i t t e d m e to inc lude their readings. Specific con t r ibu t ions were m a d e by C h r i s t o p h e r Faraone, Fritz Graf, Sarah I . Johns ton , M a t t h e w Dickie , Cr i s t iano Grot tanel l i , and I thamar G r u e n w a l d . Substantial assistance was rendered by gradua te s tu-dents, a m o n g t h e m T h o m a s Dusa for suggesting egyptological references; Jane t Spittler and M a t t h e w R . C a l h o u n for their c h e c k i n g of the manuscr ip t ; and the latter also for compi l ing the Greek w o r d index .

W h e r e v e r needed , inst i tut ions provided suppor t of var ious kinds. T h a n k s are due to Deans Clark Gilpin and R icha rd R o s e n g a r t e n o f the Div in i ty

VIII Preface

School of the University of Chicago for continuous support, the administra-tions of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the Sackler Institute for Ad-vanced Study at Tel Aviv University, and the Institute for Advanced Study at the Hebrew University for generous fellowships; the Universitätsbibliothek in Bonn for the permission to quote from the unpublished correspondence of Albrecht Dieterich and Hermann Usener; and the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris for permission to publish the photographic plates of the text.

Last but not least, I am exceedingly grateful to Georg Siebeck, my pub-lisher, for making it possible that such a specialized study can see the light of day; to the editors of the series "Studies and Texts in Antiquity and Christian-ity" for accepting the volume; and to the team of Mohr Siebeck, especially Henning Ziebritzki and Matthias Spitzner, for their pleasant and efficient cooperation.

Chicago, May 2003 Hans Dieter Betz

Abbreviations and Short Titles

ABG Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte Abt, Die Apologie Adam Abt, Die Apologie des Apuleius von Madaura ACSt American Classical Studies ADAI.Ä Abhandlungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts

Kairo, Ägyptologische Abteilung AGJU Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des

Urchristentums A H A W Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der

Wissenschaften A H A W P H Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der

Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse AlVi Albae Vigiliae A N R W Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt APF Archiv für Papyrusforschung APF.B Archiv fur Papyrusforschung, Beiheft ARW Archiv für Religionswissenschaft ARW.B Archiv fur Religionswissenschaft, Beiheft ARWAW.PC Abhandlungen der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Akademie

der Wissenschaften, Sonderreihe Papyrologica Coloniensia ASAW.PH Abhandlungen der sächsischen Akademie der

Wissenschaften, Philologisch-historische Klasse Assmann, Liturgische Lieder Jan Assmann, Liturgische Lieder an den Sonnengott AuC Antike und Christentum Audollent, Defixionum Tabellae Auguste Audollent, Defixionum Tabellae Aune, Prophecy David Aune, Prophecy in Early Christianity Aune, Revelation David Aune, Revelation BAH Bibliothèque archéologique et historique Bagnall, Egypt Roge r Bagnall, Egypt in Late Antiquity BAK Beiträge zur Altertumskunde BCH Bulletin de correspondence hellénique B C N H . T Bibliothèque copte de Nag Hammadi , Section textes BDAG Walter Bauer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament

and Other Early Christian Literature (3rd ed., 2000) BDF Friedrich Blaß & Albert Debrunner , A Greek Grammar of

the New Testament B D R Friedrich Blaß, Albert Debrunner & Friedrich Rehkopf ,

Grammatik des neutestamentlichen Griechisch BEAT Beiträge zur Erforschung des Alten Testaments und des

antiken Judentums Beck, Planetary Gods Roger Beck, Planetary Gods and Planetary Orders

X Abbreviations and Short Titles

Berg, Proclus' Hymns Betz, Lukian

Betz, Galatians Betz, GMPT Betz, Hellenismus

und Urchristentum Betz, Paulinische Studien Betz, Sermon on the Mount Betz, Antike und Christentum Betz, Gottesbegegnung B H T h BiTeu

BJ BKP Boll, Sphaera Boll, Aus der Offenbarung

Johannis Boll, Bezold, Gundel,

Sternglaube Boll, Kleine Schriften BollS Bonner, Studies Bonnet , RÄRG Borgen, Philo Index Bousset, Himmelsreise der Seele Bousset, Hauptprobleme Bousset, Kyrios Christos Bousset, Religionsgeschicht-

liche Studien Brashear, "Greek Magical

Papyri" Bude

Bultmann, HST Burkert, Greek Religion Burkert, Ancient Mystery Cults ByZ BzA B Z N W

CChr.SA C C T C CEg CH Chadwick, Origen CIL Clauss, Mithras CIR C M C

R . M. van den Berg, Proclus' Hymns Hans Dieter Betz, Lukian von Samosata und das Neue Testament Hans Dieter Betz, Galatians Hans Dieter Betz, The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation Hans Dieter Betz, Hellenismus und Urchristentum

Hans Dieter Betz, Paulinische Studien Hans Dieter Betz, The Sermon on the Mount Hans Dieter Betz, Antike und Christentum Hans Dieter Betz, Gottesbegegnung und Menschwerdung Beiträge zur historischen Theologie Bibliotheca Teubneriana Bonner Jahrbücher Beiträge zur Klassischen Philologie Franz Boll, Sphaera Franz Boll, Aus der Offenbarung Johannis

Franz Boll, Carl Bezold, Wilhelm Gundel, Sternglaube und Sterndeutung Franz Boll, Kleine Schriften zur Sternkunde des Altertums Bollingen Series Campbell Bonner, Studies in Magical Amulets Hans Bonnet, Reallexikon der ägyptischen Religionsgeschichte Peder Borgen, The Philo Index Wilhelm Bousset, Die Himmelsreise der Seele Wilhelm Bousset, Hauptprobleme der Gnosis Wilhelm Bousset, Kyrios Christos (5th ed.) Wilhelm Bousset, Religionsgeschichtliche Studien

William Brashear, " T h e Greek Magical Papyri"

Collection des Universités de France, publiée sous la patronage de l'Association Guillaume Budé Rudo l f Bultmann, History of the Synoptic Tradition Walter Burkert, Greek Religion Walter Burkert, Ancient Mystery Cults Byzantinische Zeitschrift Beiträge zur Altertumskunde Zeitschrift fur die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft, Beihefte Corpus Christ ianorum, Series apoeryphorum Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentar ies Chronique d'Egypte Corpus Hermeticum Henry Chadwick, Origen: Contra Celsum Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum Manfred Clauss, The Roman Cult of Mithras The Classical Review Corpus Medicorum Graecorum

Abbreviations and Short Titles XI

Collins & Fishbane, Death

Copenhaver, Hermetica CRAI

C S L P Cumont, Textes et Monuments

Cumont , After Life Cumont , Lux Perpetua Daniel & Maltomini,

Supplementum Magicum DDD

Deines & Grapow, Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Drogennamen

Deissmann, Licht vom Osten Deissmann, Light from the

Ancient East Delatte, Herbarius Delatte & Derchain,

Les Intailles Denniston, Greek Particles Diels, Doxographi D.-K.

Dieterich, Abraxas Dieterich, Nekyia Dieterich, Mithrasliturgie Dieterich, Kleine Schriften Dieterich, Untersuchungen

DNP Dodds, The Greeks and

the Irrational D Ö A W P H

Dölger, Sol Salutis Dornseiff , Das Alphabet ed.(eds.) E K K

E P R O

Eranos ERE ErJB Erman & Grapow, Wörterbuch

der ägyptischen Sprache EVO '

J o h n J . Collins & Michael Fishbane, eds., Death, Ecstasy and Other Worldly Journeys Brian Copenhaver, Hermetica Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum Paravianum Franz Cumont , Textes et Monuments figurés relatifs aux mystères de Mithra Franz Cumont , After Life in Roman Paganism Franz Cumont , Lux Perpetua R o b e r t Daniel & Franco Maltomini, eds., Supplementum Magicum Karel van der Toorn et al., eds., Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible Hildegard von Deines and Hermann Grapow, Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Drogennamen Adolf Deissmann, Licht vom Osten Adolf Deissmann, Light from the Ancient East

Armand Delatte, Herbarius Armand Delattes & Philippe Derchain, Les Intailles magiques gréco-égyptiennes John D. Denniston, The Greek Particles Hermann Diels, Doxographi Graeci Hermann Diels & Walther Kranz, eds., Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker Albrecht Dieterich, Abraxas Albrecht Dieterich, Nekyia Albrecht Dieterich, Eine Mithrasliturgie Albrecht Dieterich, Kleine Schriften Karl Dieterich, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der griechischen Sprache Der Neue Pauly Eric R . Dodds, The Greeks and the Irrational

Denkschriften der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philos.-hist. Klasse Franz Joseph Dölger, Sol Salutis Franz Dornseiff , Das Alphabet in Mystik und Magie editor (editors) Evangelisch-Katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament Etudes préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l 'empire romain Eranos Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics Eranos-Jahrbuch Adolf Erman & Hermann Grapow, eds., Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache Egitto e vicino oriente

XII Abbreviations and Short Titles

Faraone & Obbink, Magika Hiera

Fauth, Helios Megistos Festugière, La Révélation FGH Fowden, The Egyptian Hermes Frankfurter, Religion Friedrich, Thessalos F R L A N T

Furley & Bremer, Greek Hymns FZPhTh Gardthausen, Griechische

Paläographie GCS

GGA Gignac, Grammar GMPT Graf, Ansichten griechischer

Rituale Graf, Gottesnähe Graf, Magic Griffith & Thompson,

Demotic Magical Papyri Griffith & Thompson, The

Leiden Papyrus Griffiths, Plutarch Griffiths, Apuleius

Gruenwald, Apocalyptic and Merkavah Mysticism

Gruenwald, From Apocalypticism to Gnosticism

Gundel, Dekane Gundel, Astrologumena Gundel, Weltbild und Astrologie

Guthrie, History of Greek Philosophy

Harrauer, Meliouchos HAW HBVK Helbing, Grammatik Hesp. Hinnells, Studies HLV H N T Holzhausen, Das Corpus

Herme ticum

Christopher A. Faraone & Dirk Obbink, eds., Magika Hiera Wolfgang Fauth, Helios Megistos André-Jean Festugière, La Révélation d'Hermès Trismégiste Felix Jacoby, ed., Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Garth Fowden, The Egyptian Hermes David Frankfurter, Religion in Roman Egypt Hans-Veit Friedrich, Thessalos von Tralles Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments William D. Furley & Jan Maarten Bremer, Greek Hymns Freiburger Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Theologie Viktor E. Gardthausen, Griechische Paläographie

Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen Francis T. Gignac, A Grammar of the Greek Papyri Hans Dieter Betz, The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation Fritz Graf, ed., Ansichten griechischer Rituale

Fritz Graf, Gottesnähe und Schadenzauber Fritz Graf, Magic in the Ancient World F. LI. Griffith & Herbert Thompson, eds., The Demotic Magical Papyri of London and Leiden F. LI. Griffith & Herbert Thompson, The Leiden Papyrus John Gwyn Griffiths, ed., Plutarch: De Iside et Osiride John Gwyn Griffiths, ed., Apuleius of Madaurus: The Isis-Book

Ithamar Gruenwald, Apocalyptic and Merkavah Mysticism Ithamar Gruenwald, From Apocalypticism to Gnosticism

Wilhelm Gundel, Dekane und Dekansternbilder Wilhelm & Hans Georg Gundel, Astrologumena Hans Georg Gundel, Weltbild und Astrologie in den griechischen Zauberpapyri W. K. C. Guthrie, A History of Greek Philosophy

Christine Harrauer, Meliouchos Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft Hessische Blätter für Volkskunde Robert Helbing, Grammatik der LXX Hesperia John R . Hinnells, ed., Studies in Mithraism Hans Lietzmann-Vorlesungen Handbuch zum Neuen Testament Jens Holzhausen, Das Corpus Hermeticum Deutsch

Abbreviations and Short Titles XIII

Hopfner, OZ Hornung, Conceptions Hornung, Ägypten HRWG

HThR H T h S t H U T h IGSI

JAC J A C . E Jaeger, Theology JCPh J C P H . S JEA JMiS Jordan Jordan, The World of

Ancient Magic JRS J S H R Z Kaimakis, Die Kyraniden Kingsley, Ancient Philosophy Kirk & R a v e n Klauser & Rücker , Pisciculi Kotansky, Amulets Kropp, Ausgewählte

koptische Zaubertexte LÄ L C L Lewy, Chaldean Oracles LIMC Lohr, Verherrlichung Long & Sedley

LSJ

Mach, Entwicklungsstadien

Mahé, Hermès en Haute-Egypte Mandilaras, The Verb Martinez, P Michigan XVI Martinez, Baptized Martinez M B P F

Merkelbach, Weihegrade

Merkelbach, Mithras Merkelbach, Isis Regina

Theodor Hopfner, Griechisch-ägyptischer Offenbarungszauber Erik Hornung, Conceptions of God Erik Hornung, Das esoterische Ägypten Hubert Cancik et al., eds., Handbuch religionswissenschaftlicher Grundbegriffe Harvard Theological Review Harvard Theological Studies Hermeneutische Untersuchungen zur Theologie Inscriptiones Graecae Siciliae et infimae Italiae

Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum Jahrbuch fur Antike und Christentum, Ergänzungsband Werner Jaeger, Theology of the Early Greek Philosophers Jahrbücher für classische Philologie Jahrbücher für classische Philologie, Supplementband Journal of Egyptian Archaeology Journal of Mithraic Studies David Jordan, comments by letter David R . Jordan, et al., eds., The World of Ancient Magic

Journal of Roman Studies Jüdische Schriften aus hellenistisch-römischer Zeit Dimitris Kaimakis, Die Kyraniden Peter Kingsley, Ancient Philosophy, Mystery and Magic G. S. Kirk & J . E . R a v e n , eds., The Presocratic Philosophers Theodor Klauser & Adolf Rücker , eds., Pisciculi R o y D. Kotansky, Greek Magical Amulets Angelicus Kropp, et al., Ausgewählte koptische Zaubertexte

Lexikon der Ägyptologie Loeb Classical Library Hans Lewy, Chaldean Oracles and Theurgy Lexicon iconographicum mythologiae classicae Gebhard Lohr, Verherrlichung Gottes durch Philosophie Anthony A. Long & David N . Sedley, The Hellenistic Philosophers Henry George Liddell, R o b e r t Scott, Henry Stewart Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon Michael Mach, Entwicklungsstadien des jüdischen Engelglaubens Jean-Pierre Mahé, Hermès en Haute-Egypte Basil G. Mandilaras, The Verb in Greek Non-Literary Papyri David G. Martinez, P. Michigan XVI David G. Martinez, Baptized for Our Sakes David G. Martinez, by communication Münchner Beiträge zur Papyrusforschung und antiken Rechtsgeschichte Re inhold Merkelbach, Weihegrade und Seelenlehre der Mithrasmysterien Reinhold Merkelbach, Mithras Reinhold Merkelbach, Isis regina - Zeus Sarapis

XIV Abbreviations and Short Titles

Merkelbach & Totti, Abrasax Meyer, "Mithras Liturgy" Meyer & Smith, Ancient

Christian Magic MH Michel, Gemmen Moulton, Grammar Müller, Ägypten Naveh & Shaked, Amulets

Naveh & Shaked, Magic Spells Nestle-Aland

N F Nilsson, GGR N H C N H S NJKPH Nock, Essays

Nock & Festugiere

Norden , Agnostos Theos NovT NovT.S N R S V

NTApoc NTApok

NTFi O C T OEAE Orph. Frag. O T L OTP

Pap. Parker, Miasma P D M Pease, Cicero

PG PGL P G M Ph. PhAnt

Re inhold Merkelbach & Maria Totti, eds., Abrasax Marvin Meyer, "Mithras Liturgy" Marvin Meyer & Richard Smith, eds., Ancient Christian Magic Museum Helveticum Simone Michel, Die magischen Gemmen James H. Moul ton, A Grammar of New Testament Greek Dieter Müller, Ägypten und die griechischen Isis-Aretalogien Joseph Naveh & Shaul Shaked, Amulets and Magic Bowls; Aramaic Incantations of Late Antiquity Joseph Naveh & Shaul Shaked, Magic Spells and Formulae Novum Testamentum Graece (post Eberhard et Erwin Nestle ed. Barbara et Kurt Aland, et al.; 27th ed. rev.; Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1993) N e u e Folge Martin P. Nilsson, Geschichte der griechischen Religion Nag Hammadi Codex Nag Hammadi Studies Neue Jahrbücher für Klassische Philologie Arthur Darby Nock, Essays on Religion and the Ancient World Arthur Darby Nock & André-Jean Festugiere, eds., Hermes Trismégiste Eduard Norden , Agnostos Theos Novum Testamentum N o v u m Testamentum, Supplements The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments, New Revised Standard Version (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989) Edgar Hennecke et al., eds. New Testament Apocrypha Edgar Hennecke & Wilhelm Schneemelcher, eds., Neutestamentliche Apokryphen Nordisk Tijdskrift for Filologi Oxford Classical Texts The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt Orphicorum Fragmenta, ed. O t to Kern Old Testament Library James H. Charlesworth, ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha Papyrus Robe r t Parker, Miasma Papyri Demoticae Magicae Arthur Stanley Pease, ed., M. Tulli Ciceronis De natura deorum Patrología Graeca Patristic Greek Lexicon, ed. G. W. H. Lampe Papyri Graecae Magicae Philologus Philosophia antiqua

Abbreviations and Short Titles XV

Phoe.

Phron. PL Pohlenz, Die Stoa Pradel, Gebete P R E

PRE.S

Preisendanz & Henrichs

Preisendanz, vol. 3 (index)

Preisigke, Wörterbuch

PTS RAC RAC.S Radermacher , Grammatik RAr Reitzenstein, Poimandres Reitzenstein, Erlösungs-

mysterium Reitzenstein, HMR RGG

R G R W RHR Ritner, Mechanics RhM Robinson, Library

Roeder , Kulte Rohde , Psyche Roscher, Lexikon

RVV SAWW.PH

S A O C SBA SBL.TT SBW SC Schäfer, Ubersetzung Schäfer & Kippenberg,

Envisioning Magic

Phoenix. Bulletin uitg. door het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap 'Ex oriente lux' Phronesis Patrologia Latina Max Pohlenz, Die Stoa Fritz Pradel, ed., Griechische und süditalienische Gebete Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, Supplementband Karl Preisendanz & Albert Henrichs, eds., Papyri Graecae Magicae Karl Preisendanz, ed., Papyri Graecae Magicae. Die griechischen Zauberpapyri, vol. 3 (Leipzig & Berlin: Teubner, 1941 [unpublished galleyproofs]) Friedrich Preisigke & Emil Kießling, eds., Wörterbuch der griechischen Papyrusurkunden Patristische Texte und Studien Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum, Supplementband Ludwig Radermacher, Neutestamentliche Grammatik Revue archéologique Richard Reitzenstein, Poimandres Richard Reitzenstein, Das iranische Erlösungsmysterium

Richard Reitzenstein, Die hellenistischen Mysterienreligionen Hans Dieter Betz, et al., eds., Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart (4th ed.; Tübingen: M o h r Siebeck, 1998—) Religions in the Graeco-Roman World Revue de l'histoire des religions R o b e r t K. Ritner, The Mechanics of Egyptian Magical Practice Rheinische Museum für Philologie James Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English Günther Roeder , Kulte Erwin Rohde , Psyche Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher, Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und Vorarbeiten Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Philosophisch-Historische Klasse Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations Schweizerische Beiträge zur Altertumswissenschaft Society of Biblical Literature: Texts and Translations Studien der Bibliothek Warburg Sources chrétiennes Peter Schäfer, ed., Übersetzung der Hekhalot-Literatur Peter Schäfer & Hans Kippenberg, eds., Envisioning Magic

X V I Abbreviations and Short Titles

Schäfer & Shaked, Magische Texte

Schenke, Nag Hammadi Deutsch Schmekel, Die Philosophie Schreckenberg, Ananke Schröder, Plutarchs Schrift Schürer, History Schweitzer, Geschichte Schwyzer, Grammatik Scott, Hermetica Sethe, Pyramidentexte Sethe, Übersetzung

SGAM

SGKA S G R R S H A W P H

Smith, Studies SO Speyer, Frühes

Christentum SSIA Stengel, Kultusaltertümer StPP SubEpi SVF TDNT T D S A Theiler, Poseidonios ThWAT ThWNT T K TLG Totti, Texte

Tran Tarn Tinh, Essai TRE TSAJ T U

U M S . H Velde, Seth

Vermaseren, CIMRM

Vermaseren, Mithriaca I

Vermaseren, Mithriaca II

Peter Schäfer & Shaul Shaked, eds., Magische Texte aus der Kairoer Geniza Hans-Martin Schenke, Nag Hammadi Deutsch August Schmekel, Die Philosophie der mittleren Stoa Heinz Schreckenberg, Ananke Stephan Schröder, Plutarchs Schrift De Pythiae Oraculis Emil Schürer, The History of the Jewish People Albert Schweitzer, Geschichte der Paulinischen Forschung Eduard Schwyzer, Griechische Grammatik Walter Scott, ed., Hermetica Kurt Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte Kurt Sethe, Übersetzung und Kommentar zu den altägyptischen Pyramidentexten SudhofFs Archiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin und Naturwissenschaft Studien zur Geschichte und Kultur des Altertums Studies in Greek and R o m a n Religion Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse Mor ton Smith, Studies in the Cult of Yahweh Symbolae Osloenses Wolfgang Speyer, Frühes Christentum im antiken Strahlungsfeld Skrifter utgivna av Svenska Institutet i Athen Paul Stengel, Die griechischen Kultusaltertümer Studien zur Paläographie und Papyruskunde Subsidia Epigraphica Hans von Arnim, ed., Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta Theological Dictionary of the New Testament Testi e documenti per lo studio dell' antichità Willy Theiler, Poseidonios: Die Fragmente Theologisches Wörterbuch zum Alten Testament Theologisches Wörterbuch zum Neuen Testament Texte und Kommentare Thesaurus Linguae Graecae Maria Totti, ed., Ausgewählte Texte der Isis- und Sarapisreligion Vincent Tran Tarn Tinh, Essai sur le eulte d'Isis à Pompei Theologische Realenzyklopädie Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur University of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Series Henk de Velde, Seth, God of Confusion Maarten J. Vermaseren, Corpus Inscriptionum et Monumentorum Religionis Mithriacae Maarten J. Vermaseren, Mithriaca I: The Mithraeum at S. Maria Capua Vetere Maarten J. Vermaseren, Mithriaca II: The Mithraeum at Ponza

Abbreviations and Short Titles XVII

Vermaseren, Mithriaca III

Vermaseren, Mithriaca IV

Vermaseren & Van Essen, The Excavations

Versnel, Inconsistencies

VisRel de Vogel, Greek Philosophy Volz, Eschatologie Wächter, Reinheitsvorschriften Weinreich, Studien Wessely, Zauberpapyrus Wessely, " Z u den

griechischen Papyri" Wiedemann, Herodot WJA WKP WSt W S t . B W U N T ZPE Zuntz, Persephone

Maarten J . Vermaseren, Mithriaca III: The Mithraeum at Marino Maarten J . Vermaseren, Mithriaca IV: Le monument d'Ottaviano Zeno et le culte de Mithra sur le Célius Maarten J . Vermaseren & C . C . van Essen, The Excavations in the Mithraeum of the Church of Santa Prisca in Rome Henk S. Versnel, Inconsistencies in Greek and Roman Religion Visible Religion Cornelia J . de Vogel, Greek Philosophy Paul Volz, Die Eschatologie der jüdischen Gemeinde Theodor Wächter, Reinheitsvorschriften im griechischen Kult Otto Weinreich, Religionsgeschichtliche Studien Carl Wessely, Griechische Zauberpapyrus Karl Wessely, " Z u den griechischen Papyri des L o u v r e "

Alfred Wiedemann, Herodots zweites Buch Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft Wochenschrift für klassische Philologie Wiener Studien Wiener Studien, Beiheft Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik Günther Zuntz, Persephone

Critical Signs used in the Papyrus Text

[] Lacuna < > Omission in the original [] Deletion in the original 0 Resolution of a symbol or abbreviation n Cancelled by the editor of the text

Interlinear addition

?M Uncertain letters ?M Illegible letters

Introduction

I. The "Mithras Liturgy": A Provocative Title

T h e title of the present book is borrowed f rom Albrecht Dieterich's Eine Mithrasliturgie, which calls for explanation. T h e title announces two basic assumptions. First of all, the approach to the text is indirectly through Dieterich's commentary. Secondly, we thus recognize that it was Dieterich who, after considerable preparatory work had been done, decided to call the segment of text taken f rom the long magical papyrus of Paris (Bibliothèque Nationale, Suppl. grec 574) by the name Eine Mithrasliturgie.^ H e intended this title to be provocative, a fact proved subsequently by the reception of the book. T h e provocation turned out to be greater than Dieterich had anticipated.

Dieterich realized that a different descriptive title is found in the text itself, so he made that title, AF1A@ANATII!M02 ([Ritual of] Immortalization),2

the subtitle of his work (p. XI), followed by Text und Übersetzung der Mithras-liturgie ("Text and Translation of the Mithras Liturgy"). After publication, the provocative title "Mithras Liturgy" (which of course does not occur in the papyrus itself) became a kind of trigger to evoke controversies going straight to the heart and substance of classical scholarship.

Moreover, Dieterich dedicated his book to Franz C u m o n t (1868—1947), the famous Belgian scholar on Mithraism,3 w h o m he greatly admired but whose fundamental theories about Mithras he wished to challenge.4 Instead of Cumont ' s attribution of the text to an Egyptian magician engaged with Hermeticism, Dieterich's proposed to take the text's reference to Mithras

1 Albrecht Dieterich, Eine Mithrasliturgie (Leipzig & Berlin: Teubner, 1903; 2nd ed. 1910, by Richard Wünsch; 3rd ed. 1923, by O t to Weinreich; reprinted Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1966).

2 See the commentary infra, at lines 477, 647-48, 741, 747, 771. 3 O n C u m o n t see Robe r t Turcan, "Franz Cumont , Fondateur," Hieros 2 (1997) 11-20;

Cor inne Bonnet , " C u m o n t , Franz," RGG (4th ed.), 2 (1999) 504-5. 4 O n this point, see Albrecht Dieterich, "Die Religion des Mithras," BJ 108-9 (1902)

26-41 ; reprinted in his Kleine Schriften (ed. Richard Wünsch; Leipzig & Berlin, 1911), 252-71 .

2 Introduction

seriously and to interpret it in the context of syncretistic forms of Mithraism.5

Cumont s basic objections are the following:

" A m o n g the learned researches w h i c h we cannot enumera te here, the most impor tan t is that of Albrecht Die ter ich , Eine Mithrasliturgie, 1903. H e has endeavored wi th some ingenui ty to show that a mystical passage inserted in a magical papyrus preserved at Paris is in reality a f ragment of a Mithraic liturgy, but here I share the skepticism of Rei tzens te in (NeueJahrb.f. das class. Altertum, 1904, p. 192) and I have given my reasons in Rev. de l'instr. pubi. en Belg., XLVII, 1904, pp. Iff . Die ter ich answered briefly in Archivf. Religionswis. VIII, 1905, p. 502, bu t w i t h o u t convincing me. T h e au thor of the passage in quest ion may have been m o r e or less accurate in giving his god the external appearance of Mithra, but he certainly did no t k n o w the eschatology of the Persian mysteries. We know, for instance, th rough positive tes t imony that they taught the dogma of the passage of the soul th rough the seven planetary spheres, and that Mithra acted as a guide to his votaries in their ascension to the realm of the blessed. Ne i the r the f o r m e r no r the latter doctr ine, however, is f o u n d in the fantastic uranography of the magician. T h e name of Mi thra , as elsewhere that of the magi Zoroaster and Hostanes, helped to circulate an Egyptian forgery " 6

Cumont based his views regarding Mithraism on the evidence of inscriptions and literary texts, which, as he correctly pointed out, contained nothing comparable to Dieterich's Mithras Liturgy.7 He did not take the name Mithras that occurs in the text seriously, but attributed it to the stereotypical cleverness with which Egyptian magicians dressed up their forgeries. Dieterich's other suggestion, according to which the text contained a "liturgy," was equally unacceptable to Cumont . Besides the problem of defining the term "liturgy," Cumont found it utterly incredible that an Egyptian magician should have had access to a Mithraic liturgy; such an esoteric text, had it existed, would have been highly secret, but no trace of it has survived. These objections are, however, speculative in view of the fact that the Paris Magical Papyrus is meant to be just such an esoteric text.

While these issues will have to be discussed further in the present commen-tary, it should be understood that Dieterich had walked into another highly

3 Cumont 's major review of Dieterich is entitled, " U n livre nouveau sur la liturgie païenne," Revue de l'instruction publique en Belgique 46 (1904) 1 -10 ; see also his Les Religions orientales dans le paganisme romain (Paris: Leroux, 1906), 300. Dieterich advanced further arguments to persuade C u m o n t (in Mithrasliturgie, 234—36), but C u m o n t remained uncon-vinced and repeated his criticism in the 4th edition (Paris: Geuthner, 1929), 272; see also the German edition, Die orientalischen Religionen im römischen Heidentum (trans. August Burckhardt-Brandenberg; Stuttgart: Teubner, 1959), 279-80.

6 Franz Cumon t , The Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism (Chicago: O p e n Cour t Publishing, 1911; reprinted N e w York: Dover, 1956), 260-61 .

7 Cf. idem, Textes et monuments figurés relatifs aux mystères de Mithra (2 vols.; Bruxelles: Maertin, 1899, 1896), 1.41.

I. The "Mithras Liturgy": A Provocative Title 3

contentious territory, that of the methodological debate between the two most influential schools of classical scholarship at the time, the schools of Hermann Usener (1834-1905) in Bonn8 and Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff in Berlin (1848—1931).9 Dieterich represented the methodological approaches developed by Usener, his father-in-law and close collaborator. In Berlin, Wilamowitz-Moellendorff was deeply divided about the Usener school's extension of classical scholarship into the areas of popular religion ("Volks-religion"), folklore ("Volkskunde"), superstition ("Aberglaube"), and magic. O n the one hand, Wilamowitz confirmed that the study of antiquity must include all of antiquity;10 on the other hand, he sensed the danger that classical philology could be neglecting the great Hellenic tradition by bogging down in what he contemptuously named "Botokudenphilologie."11 Although he respected Usener, he saw in Dieterich's scholarship a tendency toward disinte-gration of the discipline of classical philology.12 As a result, Wilamowitz and

8 Instruct ive is the co r r e spondence b e t w e e n U s e n e r and W i l a m o w i t z ; see Wi l l i am M . Ca lder III, ed. , Usener und Wilamowitz: Ein Briefwechsel 1870-1905 (2nd ed.; Stut tgar t & Leipzig: Teubner , 1994), especially 55—58, w h e r e b o t h art iculate the i r basic premises regarding anc ien t rel igion. O n the U s e n e r school see Hans J o a c h i m M e t t e , " N e k r o l o g e iner E p o c h e : H e r m a n n U s e n e r u n d seine Schule: E in wi rkungsgesch ich t l i cher R ü c k b l i c k auf die Jahre 1 8 5 6 - 1 9 7 9 , " Lustrum 22 (1979-1980) 5 - 1 0 6 ; Arna ldo M o n u g l i a n o , " H e r -m a n n U s e n e r , " in New Paths of Classicism in the Nineteenth Century (Midd le town , C T : Wesleyan University, 1982), 3 3 - 4 8 .

9 See, especially, Alber t Henr i chs , ' " D e r Glaube der H e l l e n e n ' : Re l ig ionsgesch ich te als Glaubensbekenn tn i s u n d Ku l tu rk r i t i k , " in Wilamowitz nach 50Jahren (eds. Wi l l i am M . Ca lder III, H e l l m u t Flashar, T h e o d o r L indken; Darms tad t : Wissenschaf t l iche Buchgese l l -schaft, 1985), 2 6 3 - 3 0 5 , esp. 280, 2 8 3 - 8 4 , 2 8 7 - 8 8 ; Fr iedr ich Pfister, "A lb rech t Die te r i chs W i r k e n in der Rel ig ionswissenschaf t , " ARW 35 (1938) 1 8 0 - 8 5 .

1(1 See the remarkable conclus ion of his lecture, g iven 1893 at G ö t t i n g e n , ent i t led "Aus ägypt ischen G r ä b e r n " (Reden und Vorträge [2nd ed.; Berl in: W e i d m a n n , 1902], 2 2 4 - 5 5 ) , 2 5 4 - 5 5 : " I ch habe e inmal gehör t , w ie ein b e d e u t e n d e r Ge leh r t e r beklagte , daß die Papyr i g e f u n d e n wären , weil sie d e m A l t e r t u m den v o r n e h m e n S c h i m m e r der Klassizität n e h m e n . D a ß sie das tun , ist unbestrei tbar , aber ich f reue m i c h dessen. D e n n ich will m e i n e H e l l e n e n n icht b e w u n d e r n , sonde rn vers tehn, damit ich sie gerecht beur te i l en kann . U n d selbst M a h a d ö h , der H e r r der Erden, - soll er strafen, soll er s chonen , m u ß den M e n s c h e n mensch l ich s e h n . " T h e final sen tence reflects G o e t h e s ballad o f 1797, " D e r G o t t u n d die Bajadere: Indische Legende , " in Goethes Werke ( H a m b u r g e r Ausgabe, ed. E r i ch Trunz ; M ü n c h e n : Beck , 1989), 1 . 2 7 3 - 7 6 , w i th the commenta ry , 6 6 4 - 6 6 .

11 R e p o r t e d by Pfister, "Albrech t Die te r ichs W i r k e n , " 183. 12 Die te r ich made k n o w n his fu ture plans that seem to c o n f i r m Wilamowitz ' s suspicions:

a mu l t i -vo lume work , entit led Volksreligion: Versuche über die Grundformen religiösen Denkens. In Part IV he wished to treat the subject of " F o r m e n der Vereinigung des M e n s c h e n mi t G o t t , " and in it he p lanned to comple te the c o m m e n t a r y w o r k on the second part of the Mithras Liturgy. O n l y Part I was published: Mutter Erde: Ein Versuch über Volksreligion (Leipzig & Berlin: Teubner , 1905). See R i c h a r d W ü n s c h , "Albrecht Die te r i ch , " in Die te r ich , Kleine Schriften, ix-xli i , esp. xxx, xxxvi; Pfister, "Albrecht Dieter ichs W i r k e n , " 182 -83 .

4 Introduction

his school consistently treated Dieterich's work as marginal. The deeper reason, to be sure, had to do not so much with differences in philological method but with deeper competing conceptions of what constitutes the discipline of "classical philology."13

Dieterich was aware of the kind of risks he was taking. As correspondence with Usener reveals, he discussed matters beforehand with him, in particular the title of the book.14 He also gave lectures about his work before publica-tion; he mentions his previous lectures on the Mithras Liturgy in the Preface. Thanking his friends Siegfried Sudhaus, Paul Wendland, and Richard Wünsch for their suggestions and warnings means that he shared manuscripts and galley-proofs with friends. Therefore, whatever the risks were, he took them knowingly and courageously, although he may have got more than he had bargained for.

Although even present-day scholars repeat Cumont's rejection of the title and the major hypothesis of Dieterich's book,1 5 these responses did not diminish the continuous stimulation exerted by it. The ongoing role Dieterich's book played in scholarship has been documented by the editors in the succes-sive editions. From early on, scholars distinguished between Dieterich's pro-vocative claim that the Mithras Liturgy actually came from the liturgy of the cult of Mithras and the plethora of materials and suggestive ideas assembled in the book. In his authoritative work, Geschichte der griechischen Religion (vol. 2, 1961), Martin P. Nilsson summed up the common view about Dieterich's book in this way. Regarding the main thesis, he says that "it should now be

13 See the studies inc luded in WHamowitz nach 50 Jahren (eds. Wi l l iam Calder III, H e l l m u t Flashar, T h e o d o r L indken; Darms tad t : Wissenschaf t l iche Buchgesel lschaft , 1985), esp. 2 8 0 - 8 4 .

14 In his let ter to Usener , dated M a y 3, 1901, h e br ings u p the " M i t h r a s w e i h e " and raises the ques t ion o f the title in a let ter o f O c t o b e r 29, 1901; replying to Usener s suggestions (non-ex tan t ) in the let ter o f D e c e m b e r 8, 1901, h e decides on " E i n e Mi th ras -l i turgie": "aTtaSavocxxapioi; hat te ich zuvorgesetzt , weil in d e m Papyrus n a c h h e r diese Partie so g e n a n n t wi rd in e iner Stelle, die ich n o c h anhangsweise herausgebe: es schien mi r die B e z e i c h n u n g zu sein, die diese Leute flir den Kul tak t wirk l ich b rauch ten ; de r Zusatz sollte n u r eben die Z u g e h ö r i g k e i t z u m Mithrashult [sie] gleich v o r n h e r v o r h e b e n . Ich ändere das. W ü r d e s t D u 'Mithras l i turgie ' ode r 'Mi th raswe ihe ' auf die Seite d rucken? Ich m u ß auch , da an e iner A b b i l d u n g fü r d e n Ti te l (eben der Rindschu l te r szene) p rob i r t wi rd , die W o r t e des Titels formuhren. W ü r d e D i r gefallen: E I N E M I T H R A S L I T U R G I E -Text U b e r s e t z u n g E in le i tung von . . . o d e r die Mi t te l re ihe weglassen? D i e Fragen haben aber gar ke ine Eile!" Q u o t e d w i th permiss ion f r o m the Nachlaß o f U s e n e r and D i e t e r i c h in the Univers i ty Library in B o n n (Signature: S 2102.2) .

1:1 So also Gar th F o w d e n , The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Egyptian Mind (Cambr idge : C a m b r i d g e Univers i ty Press, 1986), 82, n. 33: " T h e sect ion that main ly conce rns us here (475 -750 ) is w h a t D ie t e r i ch misleadingly d u b b e d " e i n e Mi thras l i tu rg ie" in his b o o k o f that n a m e . "

II. The Papyrus 5

given up." Yet, " T h e significance o f Dieterich's book does not depend on this thesis, but on the more general ideas he presented, which in many ways have since become standard."16 This evaluation, however, requires revision in the light o f more recent research in the areas of hellenistic syncretism in Graeco-Egypt and in Mithraism. The two implications o f Dieterich's title, therefore, still demand explanation: the appearance of the name o f Mithras and the "liturgical" nature of the text.

The present assessment of Dieterich's work has been well stated by Walter Burkert: " T h e interest in magical papyri for the history of religion was initiated by Albrecht Dieterich in his books Abraxas and Eine Mithrasliturgie, the success of which was lasting and well-deserved. Yet the thesis implied in the title Mithrasliturgie, that the fantastic voyage to heaven, as contained in this magical book, was enacted in the mysteries of Mithras, was criticized imme-diately and can hardly be maintained. The text describes a private trip in a quest for oracular revelations, not a communal mystery rite, with special elaborations on a syncretistic background. There remain puzzling problems in explaining this and similar texts."17 Indeed, this is the point where new investigations need to begin.

II. The Papyrus

1. Origin and Provenance

The text o f the Mithras Liturgy consists of a segment of what scholars call the "Great Magical Papyrus o f Paris," now housed in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris (Supplément grec # 5 7 4 , part of the Anastasi collection, #1073) . According to Preisendanz,18 the name derives from its great length o f 36

16 Nilsson, GGR, 2 .670 , n. 2: "Diese These . . . dürfte nunmehr aufgegeben sein Die Bedeutung des Dieterichschen Buches beruht nicht auf dieser These, sondern auf den von ihm vorgetragenen allgemeinen Gesichtspunkten, die vielfach maßgebend geworden sind " For a more detailed discussion o f Dieterich, see ibid., 286—93. Cf . also Arthur Darby N o c k who follows Cumont and Reitzenstein in his article o f 1929 ("Greek Magical Papyri," Essays, 1.176—94, esp. 192): " W e are here in the sphere o f individualist religion. And this, as Reitzenstein has observed, is the key to the understanding o f the so-called Mithrasliturgie. That document is neither a liturgy nor, properly speaking, Mithraic. It is an ä7iaöavaTL<T[x65, directions how one shall make oneself immortal and pass through the heavens "

17 Burkert, Ancient Mystery Cults, 68. 18 Papyri Graecae Magicae, 1.64; he also explains the different description in Lenormant's

auction catalogue (p. 87) as having 33 pages (see below, n. 20).

6 Introduction

leaves containing 3274 lines, written on both sides and to be taken as the pages o f a papyrus codex. Fol. 1 recto, 3 verso, 16 and 34 recto, and fol. 16 and 34 recto, verso are blank. T h e creator o f the book had 18 double-leaves, which he folded in the middle like pages and on which he wrote from p. 2 recto onwards. Fol. 1 recto verso, together with fol. 36 recto verso, formed the book cover; the small Coptic piece in fol. 1 verso seems to have been written onto it as an addition.

T h e delimitation o f the beginning and end o f the Mithras Liturgy was made first by Dieterich on the basis o f Wessely's edition. While Dieterich was right about the beginning, he remained undecided about its end. In his commentary, he divides the Mithras Liturgy into two parts, the ritual proper, called oc7tgcx^ocv(xttc7|ji6 , "Immortalization" (11. 475—723), and the "Anweisung zu magischer Verwendung der Mithrasliturgie" ("Instruction for the magical application o f the Mithras Liturgy," 11. 723—834). This division, however, is not based on a composition analysis and therefore creates more problems than it solves. While he includes the quotations from Homer at the end (11. 821— 34), he does not include those that stand before the beginning (11. 467—74). More likely is that the Mithras Liturgy is, for whatever reason, sandwiched between the Homeric quotations. Moreover, his naming o f the first part as "liturgy" ("Mithrasliturgie") and second part as "Anwendung" (Application) seems artificial, since he ignores the fact that both parts are "applications." Dieterich's reason follows from his assumption o f a primary Mithraic source and its secondary magical application. T h e delimitation o f the text segment, therefore, needs reconsideration in the light o f a thoroughgoing compositional analysis.

a. Circumstances of Discovery

Regarding the origin and provenance o f the papyrus book not much is known, and what little information we have seems to have come from the collector, Giovanni Anastasi (1780—1857).1 9 T h e man's original name may have been different, but he was known under the assumed name, written in Italian or French (Jean d'Anastasy). He was the son o f an Armenian merchant from Damascus who had settled in Alexandria. This son became wealthy and gained the favor o f the Pasha who appointed him in 1828 as Consul General in Egypt to the kingdoms o f Norway and Sweden; he served in this capacity until his death. Besides business and politics, Mr. Anastasi enjoyed great

19 See Warren R . Dawson, "Anastasi, Sallier, and Harris and Their Papyri," JEA 35 (1949) 158-66, esp. 158-60.

II. The Papyrus 1

success as an enthusiastic dilletant and collector o f Egyptian antiquities. In the post-Napoleonic world a wave of interest in these antiquities developed on the part of European dealers, scholars, and museums. He was o f course not the only collector, but the time was ripe for rich pickings. Most likely working through Egyptian agents, Anastasi was able to amass huge treasures, of which he sent several shipments to Europe for auctions in Paris and London. Among the materials were 60 papyrus manuscripts, one of which was the Great Magical Papyrus. At the widely publicized auction in Paris in 1857 this papyrus was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale (#1073) , where it is until today.20 As the printed auction catalogue reveals, little was known at the time about the content of the papyri, but all sources agree that they came from Thebes,21 probably because Anastasi had said so.22 However, there is no concrete evidence concerning the time, location and circumstances o f the discovery. Because of the similarities between the pieces in the collection and the fact of their relatively good condition, it is conceivable indeed that all or most o f them came from the library of a learned priest and magician that was placed with him in his grave, perhaps in a large box or terracotta vessel.23

If the "great magical papyrus of Paris," and together with it the Mithras Liturgy, was indeed found in Thebes, it does not necessarily imply that the papyrus was also written there. The collection, serving a practicing magician as a "handbook," was compiled from many sources. These sources may have existed in Theban temple libraries, but they could just as well have been excerpted at other places in Egypt, which would presuppose that the author travelled, visited temple libraries, and shared materials with other magicians.

2 0 T h e sizable catalogue o f 1129 items was compiled by François Lenormant, Catalogue d' une collection Rassemblée par M. d' Anastasi, Consul général de Suède à Alexandrie, sera vendue aux enchères publiques Rue de Clichy, No. 16, les Mardi 23, Mercredi 24, Jeudi 25, Vendredi 26 & Samedi 21 Juin 1851, à une heure. Etc. (Paris: Maulde et R e n o u , 1857), especially pp. 8 4 -88: "Papyrus."

21 O n this city in the Ptolemaic and R o m a n periods, see the essays and bibliographical materials in S. P. Vleeming, ed., Hundred-Gated Thebes: Acts of a Colloquium on Thebes and the Theban Area in the Graeco-Roman Period (Papyrologica Lugduno-Batava 27; Leiden, New York, Kôln: Brill, 1995). For the P G M , see W . J . Tait, "Theban Magic , " ibid., 1 6 9 -82.

2 2 Lenormant's description is rather fanciful (p. 84): " M . Anastasi, dans ses fouilles à Thèbes avait découvert la bibliothèque d'un gnostique égyptien du sécond siècle " Cf. Cari Wessely ( WSt 8 [1886] 189) who opts for Heracleopolis at the time o f Tertullian. Fowden, The Egyptian Hermes, 1 6 9 - 7 1 , speaks of the Anastasi collection as " the Thebes cache" and refers to a letter by Anastasi, dated March 18, 1828 (now in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden), confirming the origin in Thebes (169, n. 48).

2 1 This is Preisendanz' conclusion; see Karl Preisendanz, Papyrusfunde und Papyrus-forschung (Leipzig: Hiersemann, 1933), 9 1 - 9 5 : "Bibliothek der Zauberpapyri von T h e b e n . " Cf. also Fowden, The Egyptian Hermes, 166—68: "Temples and priests."

8 Introduction

T h e Mithras Liturgy explicitly refers to such sharing of ritual texts a m o n g magicians. This assumption could mean either that the handbook was filled not at once but over a per iod of time, or that the sections were successively assembled before they were copied together into the handbook , or that the final copy resulted f rom a combinat ion of bo th these activities.

Abou t the "great magical papyrus" the catalogue has this to say: " M a n u -script sur feuilles de papyrus pliées en livre, fo rmant 33 feuillets écrits des deux côtés, à 60 lignes environ par page En tête sont trois pages de copte, qui débutant par l 'histoire d ' un fromage mystique pour la composi t ion duquel s'associent Osiris, Sabaoth, Iao, Jésus et tous les autres éons. C e fromage n'est autre que la gnose. - Ecri ture du second siècle de notre ère."2 4

Some general informat ion about the milieu of these collectors can be gleaned f rom one of Anastasi's acquaintances, Giovanni d'Athanasi, c o m -monly k n o w n as "Yanni ," w h o was a resident for eighteen years at Thebes , engaged in hun t ing after objects of antiquity.25 H e was b o r n on the island of Lemnos, and his father was a merchant in Cairo. At the suggestion of English travellers w h o met h im in Thebes, where he worked as an interpreter to an English collector by the name of H e n r y Salt, he wrote up a personal account of his activities. This account was published in London in the year 1836, together wi th a catalogue of Mr. Salt's collection of antiquities.26 D'Athanasi 's own collection was auct ioned off in L o n d o n by Leigh Sotheby in 1837.27

These collectors speak of the manuscript scrolls as having been f o u n d in terracotta urns in or near tombs.2 8

24 L e n o r m a n t , 87 (Nr. 1073). Cf . on this passage Karl Pre isendanz, " Z u m Pariser Z a u b e r p a p y r u s der bibl. nat. suppl. gr. 5 7 4 " (Ph. 68 [1909] 5 7 5 - 7 7 ) , 5 7 5 - 7 6 : "Aus d e m ganzen Passus geht hervor , daß m a n schon damals d e n Papyrus als e ine Schicht von 33 (bzw. 36) Einzelblättern kannte . Das war natür l ich die u rsprüngl iche F o r m des B u c h e s nicht; denn von " B ü c h e r n " , die aus übere inandergelegten, u n z u s a m m e n h ä n g e n d e n Blät tern bes tanden , wissen wi r nichts. Papyrusbücher in Codexform dagegen k e n n e n wi r . "

23 G iovann i d 'Athanasi , A Brief Account of the Researches and Discoveries in Upper Egypt, m a d e u n d e r the direct ion of H e n r y Salt, Esq., to w h i c h is added a detailed catalogue o f M r . Salt's col lect ion o f Egypt ian Antiqui t ies; illustrated w i th twelve engravings of s o m e of the mos t interest ing objects , and an e n u m e r a t i o n o f those articles purchased for the Bri t ish M u s e u m (London : J o h n H e a r n e , 1836), ix, 151.

2 6 Ibid., ix, 151. 27 Catalogue of the Very Magnificent and Extraordinary Collection of Egyptian Antiquities, the

Property of Giovanni d'Athanasi, w h i c h will be sold by auc t ion by M r . Leigh Sotheby, at his house , 3, Wel l ing ton Street, Strand, o n Monday , March 13th, 1837, and the Six fo l lowing Days (Sunday excepted) , at O n e o ' C l o c k precisely (London : J. Davy, 1837).

28 Ibid., 79, 151.

II. The Papyrus 9

b. Date

The question of the date has been decided firmly on linguistic and palaeo-graphical grounds by the Vienna papyrologist Carl Wessely (1860-1931), with whom all other papyrologists agree. They date the script to the early fourth century.29 This, however, pertains to the written papyrus as extant: "Die Zeit Diokletians ist also terminus, ante quem das Papyrusbuch abgefaßt sein muß: auf alle Fälle ist die Liturgie in dieser Abschrift geschrieben zur Zeit hoher Blüte des Mithrasdienstes."3"

As Dieterich indicates, this date applies to the extant script, but the text presupposes a longer process of development. The fact that the text shows evidence of the interpretation of older traditions means that these traditions have a prehistory of their own. Considering the complexities, Dieterich suggests that the development of the composition took more than 200 years, the origin occurring in the years 100—150, followed by the ritual function of the original text in the Egyptian Mithras cult (150—200), the subsequent adaptation and development by the magicians (200—300), and concluded by the inclusion of the final copy in the papyrus book.

Dieterich's hypothesis is, however, beset with problems. (1) He does not distinguish clearly enough between scribe and author; (2) because he has no detailed compositional analysis on hand, he cannot clearly identify the au-thor's contributions in distinction from sources; (3) Dieterich's own hypo-thetical assumption of an earlier stage as a Mithraic cultic text and subsequent adaptation by magicians determines how he sees the development, but does not conform to the textual evidence.

These problems, however, do not render Dieterich's time frame invalid. It seems reasonable to estimate that it took about 200 years for the composition and its parts to come together. Internal criteria point to some older and some younger sources. Externally, the text is thoroughly Hellenistic-Egyptian — without any traces of Christian, Christian-gnostic, or Neoplatonic influences —, although traditions of Middle Stoicism are apparent, as is a certain closeness to Hermeticism.

29 See Die te r i ch , Mithrasliturgie, 4 3 - 4 6 ; Preisendanz, Papyri Graecae Magicae, 1.64. 3(1 D ie t e r i ch , Mithrasliturgie, 44 (emphasized). Preisendanz (1.64) also refers to W i l h e l m

Schubar t , Das Buch hei den Griechen und Römern (Berlin: R e i m e r , 1907; 3rd ed.: He ide lbe rg : Lamber t Schneider , 1962), w h o points ou t that the papyrus c o d e x came in to use jus t a b o u t this t ime.

10 Introduction

c. Authorship

T h e question of authorship is also complicated. W h a t we see on the papyrus pages is the work of a scribe w h o copied the text f rom a Vorlage in to the codex. Redact ional references in the text itself indicate that we must, at least in principle, distinguish the scribe f rom the author.

T h e redactional comments , if taken seriously, imply that the scribe or author had available more than one version of the Vorlage?1 If the two were different persons, one of them had compared the versions and no ted the textual variants; he would then be the author, while the scribe copied his autograph. If scribe and author were the same person, the final text is the author's own autograph that included all the insertions and supplements. Things get more complicated by the facts that the author's work is a highly developed redactional composi t ion involving his own contributions, older sources adopted and adapted f rom tradition, and supplements added at various stages of the composi t ion by subsequent copyists. Therefore , while source materials excerpted f rom other contexts had their own authors before inclu-sion in the final copy, that final copy has only one author and redactor; there is no evidence of multiple authorship at the final level.

Whi le the final author remains anonymous, he speaks in the first person throughout . Even when he identifies himself by names in passages we call "self-presentations," he leaves the place vacant by using the symbol A or magical names. As one might expect, he was an expert in the handling of magical materials. W h a t is surprising, however, is his expertise as a literary scholar and writer.3 2 H e has carefully examined o ther versions of the text and has noted textual variants: ev aXAto (1. 500) and cptoxo^ xx iaxa , ol 8e' cruvxXsIaTa (1. 591).33

H e inserts a marginal c o m m e n t (11. 478—81) and cross-references to the sup-plements, and he corrects his own earlier practice (11. 791—98).34 H e adds learned theological commenta ry wi th explanations of traditions (e.g., 11. 495— 98, 529—32), or library research and consultation of herbalist sources for informat ion on the plant kentritis (11. 798—813). Finally, he begins his work with a fine literary preface (11. 475-85) , and he adds supplementary in fo rma-tion before he ends wi th a no te indicating comple t ion (11. 819—20).

31 O n the references to variants see be low at n. 33. 32 For the full ev idence see the C o n s p e c t u s o f the li terary analysis, below, pp. 6 0 - 8 7 . 33 C f . also P G M 11.50; IV.29, 1277; V.51; VII .204; XI I .201 ; XI I I .731 ; see also Graf ,

Gottesniihe, 211 n. 9; Magic, 236, n. 7). 34 David Jordan's evaluat ion con f i rms this (letter of D e c e m b e r 17, 2002): "Pa laeo-

graphically, the papyrus is m o r e interest ing than I had t h o u g h t . T h e scribe is clearly conscious of w h a t he is doing: h e leaves spaces wi th in the line to m a r k p u n c t u a t i o n and somet imes even to distinguish words . A n d there are several previously u n n o t i c e d lect ional signs over some of the clusters o f vowels ." See b e l o w on 11. 610—17.

Indices

T h e Indices refer to the line n u m b e r s o f the papyrus conta in ing the " M i t h r a s L i t u r g y "

I. Greek Words

oijiuacrov, TO a d a v a x o v 5 0 4 , 5 2 0 a(3uacrov 512—513 a ^ a v a x o n ; 5 1 6 - 5 1 7

A Y A & O ? , -7) , -OV A&AVATOU 5 3 1

a y a d o u 6 4 9 a S a v a x a 544 , 6 0 9 a y a S a i ? 6 5 3 - 6 5 4 , 6 8 7 A & A V A T O U ? 6 2 0

a y a & a i 6 6 7 aisTot; 4 8 4 a y y s l o v , TO aliWjp, 6 5 1 5

ayyeTov 7 5 8 , 7 6 1 a i p u ayyeXo^, o apov 7 8 1

ayyeXwv 571 OCLCT&AVOJ/.LXL

ayyEXAw aiaibjiWjaet. 6 2 2 ayyexAov 6 4 2 - 6 4 3 a ia ih jaLq , 7]

a y y o ? , TO x a ? 7I£VT£ a l a O r j a s i s 7 0 6

a y y o u ; 7 6 1 A'LTEW

ayia^ra ai-ToO 111 a y i a a & e i i ; 5 2 2 ALtov, 0

ay iaa [ I . a , TO A t S v a 5 2 0 - 5 2 1 ay iaa | i . aa t . 5 2 2 Atcov a x f i a etc. 5 9 4

a y 105, - a , -ov OCXOT], 7]

a y i o i 5 5 2 2 axo9)5 6 8 5 a y i a ? 5 2 2 axoXoui)o<;, -ov ayicoTaTo?, -rj, ov axoAou&a 5 7 8 AYICOTATAI 6 6 8 — 6 6 9 axouw

ayvsuw axoutjY] 514 , 7 4 5 AYVEUAAG 7 8 4 a x o u a s i 541 , 621

a y p i o ? , - a , -ov axouCTEcr&ai 5 7 2 ayp iw 811 axou |aov (iou 5 8 7 - 5 8 8 ayp iov 8 1 2 axoue iv 7 3 4

aif|p, 0 axpo jxsXa? , - c a v a , -av a c p i 5 0 8 , 6 9 3 axpOfieXav 8 0 2 - 8 0 3 aepo? 541 OCXTL?, 7)

a s p a 5 8 2 axTivcov 5 3 8 aOocvaaia , 7) axxIvEt; 6 3 4

a S a v a a i a v 4 7 7 A X T I V A ^ 7 5 1

iSavaroQ, -ov aXxi[xo?, -ov a&avaxco 501 , 5 0 5 , 5 0 6 , 5 2 0 aXxi[IOL 6 7 9

258 Indices

aXXa 5 6 7 , 7 9 3 aXXojjuxt.

aXXoptivoui; 7 0 4 aXXo?, - a , -ov

aXXa> 500 , 7 7 2 a X X < o u > 5 4 2 aXXou? 5 4 6

a[ ia 8 0 3 a[X£Ta&ETO<;, -ov

a(j.£xa&£Tov 5 2 8 a[ji[jto<;, Y]

a[X(iov 7 6 0 ava^aivw

a v a p a i v o v r a ; 5 4 6 ava^aivELv 6 2 8

ava[3oXY], Y) avafSoXaii; 8 0 6

avayxY], Y| avayxTjv 5 2 6 avayxY]? 6 0 6

ava<^M7iupEM ava^co7iupY]&£vxoi; 7 9 5

avaipE« avEXojievo? 7 5 8

avaxoucpii^o avaxoucpL(^6[xevov 5 3 9

avaXajxflavu < a v a X a [ 3 E > 5 3 3

avaXa[j.7t(o avaXajx-rcwv 5 7 5

avaXuto avaXu&Ei? 721

ava^upi?, T] ava^upioi 6 9 9

avarcoXcuio avajtoXEUoucra 7 0 2

avaajcaw avaCTTtSv 5 3 8

avaxoXyj, Y) avaxoXij? 5 1 3 avaxoXa<; 7 8 4

av£(xo?, o avEjxou 5 5 0

av&piimivo?, -7), -ov av&pco7iivY]? 5 2 3 - 5 2 4 , 6 0 8 av&p«7UVY)v 6 5 0

av&pcoTto?, o av&pcimou 5 4 2 av&pomos 6 4 4 , 7 3 9 - 7 4 0

avoiyw || avoiyvupi ocvoiyEvxo? 5 8 3 avoitov 6 0 3 , 6 2 4 avEwyuiag 624—25 avoiyo^Eva? 6 6 2

a v t i 7 9 7 avTLaxpE9w

i] x ivouaa | x a i avxiCTTpscpouaa xov oupavov 701

avto 5 6 9 A ^ L O I , - I N , IOV

a^Lo? 7 3 9 a^i-ow

a£i£> 477 a^ io l 6 5 0

a^wv, o TOV Tt£p(.SivY]Tov | TOU xuxXou ai;ova

TOU oupavou 681 aTta&avaTL^M

a7iai)avaTLa8EL5 647—648 a7iadavaxt.CTp.6i;, o

a7ta9av<aT>LCT[j.(p 741 47ra&avaTLa[AO? 7 4 7 a7ta9avaxLCT[j.ov 771

aitai ; 7 9 7 oc7iapa[3aTui; 7 3 0 a7rapaiTYjTOi, -ov

a7tapaixY]rov 5 3 4 AJTAPAITY]TOU 6 0 6

xneipoQ, -ov aitEipov 5 8 3

a7t£pavTOi, -ov artEpav-cov 5 5 2

a7t£p)(0[xai GCTIEXEUCTETGCI 7 2 8

a7toCT^ECTi)(o EpJju^wv x a i ¡3aXa|vEiou 7 3 5

a7tY]XL(i)TY)<;, o omYjXnoTYjv 5 5 2 - 5 5 3 a7IY]XlWTOU 5 5 4

areXooj a7tXio&Y]CT£Tat 5 7 6 - 5 7 7

GOTO 5 3 7 , 5 5 1 , 5 7 9 , 6 2 6 , 6 2 8 , 7 2 0 , 7 9 9

omoyEVEcria, Y) arcoyEvscriav 7 2 1

anoyiyvof ia i aTioyiyvojjiaL 7 1 9

a7io8iS<«)[j.L an:o8i.8ou<; 6 5 8

Indices 259

omoSeai.?, Y[ ocaxpoSajjiY]?, 0 OOTO&eciv 707 aaxpoSajxa 603

OC7tOX<X&iaXY]p.l aacpaXwg 739 omoxaxaaxadY] 630 axapa^ia, Y)

ano xXeico axap<xi;i<xv 685—686 omoxExXE(.a[XEvai; 584-585 aXEVLW

a7tOXpivOJJiai axEvi ovxa? 556 a7toxpivY)xoa 726 axsvi wv 629, 657

onloXeix« oxev^e 693,711 aJtoXei s 785 axovo?

¡moniirra axovio cp&oyyco 745 anoninTsi 8 0 4 auXog, 0

gc7toxeXeco auXo? 549-550 arcoxEXiov 618 auXov 551

a7roTiito]fi.i aui aiqjto^ 601 omo9ov 7 6 9 , 771 au w, au avto

a7tocpoiPaop.oa au 0[XEV0i; xai au Yj&EL? 720 omo90L|3co(X£voi; 738 auxixa 533

aitocpopa, Y] auxojxaxw? 729 omocpopav 555 auxo?, auxY], auxo

a7rpaxo<; auxou 484, 703, 740, 744, 746, 816 xa <a>7tpaxa 476 auxwv 634, 678

'Apxxo<;, o auxov 638, 656, 756, 786 "Apxxog 700 auxw 738, 742, 754, 818

apTzayrj, YJ auxYj? 801 apTtayvj 753 auxo 816

apxayyEXo5, 0 acpSapxo?, -ov apxayyeXou 482 acpSapxou 497, 519-520, 559

W l . * ] 0CCpLY][J.L

apxi)<?> 488 iqjLevres 682-683 apx-r) 488,550,742 acpooxtaxoi;, -ov apxrjv a<p(i>xi.ax(o 497

apXO|J.ai 0CXpEOXO7TY)XO5, -OV ap ofxevoi; 619 axpEoxoiiYjxov 527 ap ou 786 ocxpi 808

a^uxo?, -ov aamxaai 638 a u/co 498 acrTCa( ou 666, 712 P' 577, 578, 578, 579, 670, 689 aarcaaaa&oa 677 fia&og, xo

acr7tapayo<;, 0 (3a9ou<; 575, 662-663 acmapaya) 810 (3a&ela, [3a8u

a<T7taaxix6<;, -if], -ov ¡3a9u 753 aanaariXM 6 3 8 fiaivto

kanic,, Y) fJaivio 484-485 aoTtiStov 663 plaXavEiov, xo

a(TXY]p, 0 (UaXavsiou 735—736 aaxiijp 574 [3aXX(o karipaq 580 , 7 0 4 pXvi^vai 753

aaxparcY), yj ¡3aXe 758 aaxpomoc? 682, 694, 703

260 Indices

¡3(XCT<XVLtO Paaavi&v 659, 705

PaaiAeu?, o PoccjiXEG 640

PawTa io (3aaTa£a? 767, 779

PeXtlou ¡3s(3eXTi(o[Aevos 518

(3y]CT0C<;, Y] xou p^<aa>aaSo<; (3ot<xvy]5 807

(Srjaiov [to (3r]aaiov?] zic, (3yjaiov xaXAodvov 752

(3oXr), y] ¡3oAaS 682

¡SoTaVT], Y] Poxavwv 480 ¡3oTavY]? 773, 807 PoxavYjv 780 Potocvy] 798

(3ouXy)»Y) 748 [BouAei 759, 774, 777

[SpaPELOV, TO f3pa[3eia 665

¡3pa)(i(ov, o |3pa)(iovo? 496

¡3pOVTY], Y) (ipovTY)? 571, 621 PpovTa? 681

PpOTO?, O poTwv 533

pucraivo?, -Y), -ov Puooivoiq 663 Puaaivco 768-769

y' 538, 587, 671, 689, 783, 797 Yap 535, 544, 551, 765 Y0CCTTY)p, Y]

Y<xcrT£pa 705 YEVECTl , Y]

[yJevectli; 487 Yevectew? 487, 720, 743 yeveasL 501 YEvsai? 742-743

YEvvau YEWYjOsii; 517 ™ cte YEvvYjaavTL | xal 7ioLY]aavTt 643

YEmSy)?, -e? YeuSyj? 494 YEtoSou? 494

YY)? 543, 641, 714, 800 YYJV 695

yiyvoyLat YEY Tix 530 YEVO[XEVO? 645, 720-721 YiYvETai 746-747, 802 YEVY] 763 YEVOfJIEVY) 780

YX&crcra, Y] YXmctcty)? 608

yvaaiq, Y] Yvwat;; 801

Ypacpw YpatpovTi 475 Ypaijiov 782, 814

8' 671, 690 SaxTuXog, o

SocxtuXOV 558 8E 476, 485, 499, 541, 544, 547, 547,

549, 552, 556, 557, 573, 577, 582, 585, 591, 622, 623, 657, 673, 683, 692, 704, 725, 727, 728, 732, 736, 738, 744, 747, 748, 766, 767, 770, 772, 777, 778, 786, 788, 791, 792, 798, 800, 801, 807, 811, 813, 816, 817

oij 8EI CTE occmaaaCT&ixi 677 Ssixvufix

Ssl^ai 738 SELXVUELV 772 SELXVUIOV 785

Seiva, o, Y], TO TOO SELVOC TY SEIvix 495, 588 ¿Y<O o SEIVOC, ov Y] SETVOC 527 o Sslva TY]5 SETvix 644 ¿x SvYjTY]!; uarspa? ty)? Ssiva 645 TOO SEIVOC 709 Ttepi tou Setva itpayixaTO? 718 ifi SEIVOC [XOVIO 764

Ss LOi, -a, -ov SE ioc? 496-497, 519 SELOV 557,660-661,814 TYj Se ia 699

SECTTCOTY]?, 0 SECT7I:6TY)V 521 SsCT7toTa 713

SsuTEpot;, -a, -ov SsuTspov 619

Indices 261

Ssio S E E T A I 6 5 0

S^cra? 8 1 6 SYjAauyw? 7 7 5 S ia 548 , 727 , 7 9 6 8IASY)JJ .A , T O

SiaS^jjiaTtov 5 2 1 - 5 2 2 SiaSr)[j.aTa 6 7 5

Sia7tXatTCTM 8iajt£7iAaa[X£vov 4 9 5 - 4 9 6

S I A P S P M C T L ^ , Y]

Siap&pcoaei 6 0 7 - 6 0 8 Siauyr]?, -ic,

S iauyei 4 9 7 S iSaaxaAia , Y]

S t S a a x a X i a TY)<; Trpa^eax; 7 5 0 SiSwfja

Stiiaei 7 7 7 - 7 7 8 S iaxo? , o

Siaxou 548 , 551 , 5 7 9 - 5 8 0 , 583 O SLCTXOI ; 5 7 6

8«oxco Suixe 585

Soyjxa, TO 86y[i.a 527

Soxsio 8O£y) 4 9 9 , 6 4 2 8 O X E L [ V ] 5 4 0

SoxYjan;, Y) SOXT]cTtv 6 4 8

SOVEIO

8OVOU[XEVOV 5 7 0

Suvajxoa 8uva[a]ai 538

Suvajj.!.?, Y] Suvajxswt; 4 7 7 - 4 7 8 , 5 2 4 Suvajxic; 6 4 2 Suvapuv 6 5 0

Suvacrnr]!;, o SuvaaTa 7 1 4

SuctctePy]?, -EC,

8uaae(3£>v 6 8 3 e' 580 , 672a, 6 9 0 eav 499 , 553 , 642 , 732 , 736 , 738 , 748 , 7 7 2 Ey x^ipEio

¿YX£lPT)? 7 3 6

s y i i || YKXEL? (¿01 475 , 483 , 529 , 603 , 763 , 792 [xou 481 , 502 , 514 , 523 , 524 , 537 ,

548 , 587 , 588 , 687 , 709 , 7 1 0

lyio 484 , 524 , 527 , 535 , 536 , 574 , 644 , 723 , 762 , 7 6 5

E^oi 489 , 491 , 491 , 493 , 494 , 510 , 683 , 7 6 4

£}j.ou 4 9 5 [is 501 , 504 , 526 , 534 , 560 , 643 , 661 ,

7 1 0 el 7 3 9 zlSoQ, TO

elSuv 4 8 0 el(j.L

eaTiv 485 , 529 , 625 , 700 , 739 , 7 7 8 , 788 , 800 , 807 , 811

elfjii 535 , 536 , 574 , 723 , 7 6 5 el vat 541 t) 5 5 3 elaiv 6 7 6 OVTL 6 8 4

eaei 725 , 7 2 6 731

t ? 7 3 6 el? 490 , 540 , 546 , 551 , 553 , 554 , 607 ,

629 , 656 , 660 , 683 , 707 , 721 , 7 5 2 , 7 5 8 , 771 , 790 , 793 , 814 , 8 1 7

els, f-tioc, ev ev 6 8 0

eluopaw ECTEISE 6 3 4

e k a 618 , 623 ex 517 , 574 , 645 , 647 , 662 , 703 , 7 0 3 exacruoi;, -7], -ov

exaaTov 677—678 exetvo?, -r], -o

exeivY] 543 exeivYji; 5 4 4 exeivou 5 5 5 exsivov 7 3 3

exXeij(w exAi^e 7 8 9

CXTCXY]ctct(O EXTTXayijvai 572—573

exaTaai<;, Y) EXCTTaCJEl 7 3 7

exTeXeco EXTEXEOY]? 6 1 9

EXLCTCTW

7 9 0 eXxw

EAXE 537 , 628

262 Indices

£[x(3aÀ£ 790 è[i(3XÉ7ico

E[xf}XÉ7tovTai; 566 è(JLÓ?, -Y], -óv

è [XT]? 487, 488, 743 E[XY)V 4 9 0

£(jnjju5(0?, -ov

Èv 481, 489, 491, 491, 492, 494, 497, 498, 500, 510, 543, 607, 636, 648, 653, 657, 663, 674, 686, 698, 709, 726, 737, 741, 753, 769, 776, 787, 799, 805, 806

èvàp)(0}jt.oa evap^o[xai 509 (vox magica)

£V£xa 605 I V E Ó ? , - à , - ó v

èv£Ó<; 728 sv&a

£v»a | xoà Év»a 692-693 èviauTÓi;, ó

éviauToù 748 èviaxYjfxi

EVEaxioaav 503, 525 èvEaTtóaai-5 686 èvaTcoaiv 692

kvnvpiayy)GÌ(f)i>)q, -ov 601 EVTLFJLO?, - o v

èvTÌfxou 496 EVTIJJUX 6 1 0

È V T Ó ? 625—626 i^rfi 744 ÈTiaxoùw

£7tàxouaov 587 ETtaxouCTExai 786

ènei 516, 529 ETiEixa 561, 561, 702 E7iL 543, 556, 558, 567, 568, 634, 744,

761, 782 èjuxaAéw

£7iLxaÀoij|j.ai 604-605 £7ILTLÌ)7][JLL

ÈTtiftE? 557,760 EJI071TEUM

£7t07ITEUC7(0 504 £pO[X(XL

ÈÀEUCTETai. 656 èp^ojxévai; 662 eà&S 784

èpa p7]&Évxa 731

ÈaStto èa&iovTa 756—757 cpàyY) 757

ÉaTiàw ÉaxLàaai; 770

ETEpo?, -a, -ov ò ETEpoi; 554 ETEpOL 'Q &EOÌ 673

ETO?, TÓ S T O ? 7 9 7

eùelSy)?, -£<; euelSy] 635—636

eù&Éw? 557, 576, 579, 585, 628, 638, 704, 724, 755-756, 757

£Ù[X£VM? 566 EUpLCTXW

Eùpov 776 EÒpé&Y] 805

svaefìriQ, -ic, EUCTE^EL 6 8 3

EÙTOVÌa, Y) àxoYjt; T E xaì èpàcTEwi; EÙTOVLGCV 685

EÙ(ÓVU(X0Ì, -OV EÙ(ivujj.05 817 EÙ(OVU[XOU or £Ù(ÌV0[X<0V T>OU 819

ECpiXTO?, -TJ, -Óv ècpixxóv 529

EX« £XOFJ.ÉVCO<; 5 0 2

ÉXOVTa 637, 697, 752, 810 't/ox>ccx.q 6 6 4

ÉX°vtei; 674 zyz 111 exei 813, 820

Éioc 619 C 620, 663, 666, 672b, 673, 675, 692,

762, 767 <C> 734

i àw (Jovto? 559 piovra 609

¡jLupva, Y] ¡xùpva 768

SfAÙpv-n 781-782 (j.upvó(XEÀav, TÓ

¡j.upvo[j.ÉXavL 815 ?COY], Y]

tw<Y]> 709

Indices 263

^woyovo;, -ov ^cooyovoi; 5 1 4 - 5 1 5 ¡^(ooyovou 7 2 0

( MOV, TO 5 4 2 , 8 1 6

^WO?, -7), -OV cocov 7 9 6

¡ WOCpUTSW ^coocpuTouvTi 7 6 9

f} 5 7 1 , 6 0 8 , 6 0 9 Y)8OVY), Y)

•fjSovYjg 626—627 Y)Xiaxo;, -Y), -ov

xav&apov YjXiaxov 751 •»5X105, "HXio?, 6

"HX10? M i » p a ; 481 "HXie 6 4 0 •fjXiou 7 6 2 Y]Xico 7 8 5

•ijixepa, Y) Y)(jipa<; 544 , 6 5 1 , 6 8 6 - 6 8 7 , 735 , 7 6 2 Y][xepa 767 Y)(jLepuv 7 8 3 - 7 8 4

i)|AeTspos, - a , -ov Y]fj.ETEpa<; 4 7 7

SaTixw &at);a? 7 6 8

9(xu[j.aaco 511 Saufxai^Eiv 7 7 5

ftsajxa, TO &ea(xaTO<; 6 2 6

deaofjiai deaaufxai 5 1 2

&e!os, - a , -ov &siav 545 Ssiou 6 2 9

&eXw »eXy]? 7 3 2 , 7 3 8 - 7 3 9 , 7 7 2

9£o8cOpY]TOi;, -ov 9EOS(OPY]TOV 491

b &EO? 4 8 2 , 7 9 2 »sou 528 , 548 , 559 , 648 , 7 3 1 , 7 3 7 ,

7 7 8 »EOU? 546 , 5 5 6 , 5 6 6 , 6 2 0 &EWV 548 , 5 7 0 , 6 2 5 , 6 4 0 , 641 &sov 6 3 5 , 6 9 6 , 7 7 7 , 787 &EE 641 &em 6 4 3 , 711

9eol 6 7 3 , 6 8 8 t>£oas(3ir]?, -ic,

9EOCT£(3EI 6 8 4 Qioiq, Yj

&SOLV 5 4 5 (kyyavw

&iyEiv 8 0 3 - 8 0 4 SvY]axw

Svyjctxei 7 5 7 9V7]TOS, -Y), -OV

9vy]t6c; 517 »VYITY]? 5 1 7 - 5 1 8 , 609 , 6 4 5 &VT)T6V 5 2 9 - 5 3 0 &vy)T(5V 5 4 3 &VY]TY]V 6 0 7 &vy)tou 6 0 8

SuyaTYjp, Y) &uyaTEp 4 7 8

&upa, Y) &upa? 5 8 4 , 6 2 5 , 6 6 2 thjpciv 6 2 6

'law, 0 5 9 3 lP' 751 '¿pi;, Y)

L^euc 8 0 2 ESto;, - a , -ov

iSiav 5 6 8 i8i(o 6 7 8

ispoc, - a , -ov LEpOU 481 ispov 5 1 0 , 5 1 2 tepai 667 lepoi 6 7 9 lepav 7 6 0

LXY)[J.L EXa&i [j.ot 4 7 5

Eva 502 , 5 0 8 , 5 1 1 , 512 , 651 , 6 5 3 , 7 0 6 , 7 4 5 , 7 6 3 , 7 8 9

E(TTY)[X(. EaTaik 5 3 3 tJTa; 6 2 8

LCTUCO LCT^uel 6 4 1 , 6 4 2

i.Xwp,6 L^wpo; 6 4 5 - 6 4 6

xa&apEuo<; 7 6 0 , 7 7 1 xa&apo?, - a , -ov

xaSapov 5 6 9 x a i 4 7 5 , 4 8 0 , 4 8 5 , 4 9 6 , 4 9 7 , 4 9 8 , 5 0 3 ,

510 , 5 1 4 , 5 1 5 , 519 , 5 2 1 , 5 2 6 , 5 3 3 ,

264 Indices

534, 539, [x]ai 539, 545, 549, 554, xaxsp^ofjiaL 556, 558, 565, 566, 570, 570, 574, xaxsp)(0[i.£va<; 694 578, 579, 579, 581, 583, 584, 605, xaxEp/6(jt£vov 696 605, 610, 617, 621, 624, 625, 627, xaxi](M 628, 636, 641, 644, 645, 646, 650, xaxE ovxE^ 675 652, 656, 657, 659, 660, 662, 667, xaxs^ovxa 699 667, 673, 679, 681, 681, 682, 682, xaxoxxEuco 684, 684, 685, 687, 693, 693, 694, xaxoTtxEuw 485 695, 695, 698, 698, 701, 702, 703, xaxo7TXEU£(.v 516 708, 711, 712, 719, 722, 725, 727, xe' 796 729, 732, 735, 735, 736, 736, 738, xEXsuafxa, xo 755, 755, 756, 757, 759, 761, 768, x£X£UCT(j.a 680 768, 770, 775, 777, 781, 781, 783, xeXeuco 785, 789, 803, 808, 809, 809, 818, 820 EXEXEUCTEV [xoi 482-483

xaXsu XEXEUEL 710 xaXou[i.£voi; 549 XEVXplXl?, 7) xaXouvxai 664 XEVxpixiSo? 773 xaXou[i.£voi. 676 xsva'xplxiv 779 xaXou[X£vr); 772-773 xevxpTxig 798 xaXou(j.Evw 812 XEpGCXOElStO 658

xaXXaivo?, -7), -ov XEpauvoxXovog, -ov tic, ¡3y)<tlov xaXXaivov 752 xspauvoxXovE 599—600

xaXXiaxo*;, -7], -ov XEpauvo?, o xaXXiaxou 759 xspauviov 682

xaXXicpw; icetpaXT], Y] xaXXicpto<; 594 xs<paXi)s 745

xa|x(jtu(d XtVEW xa[A[i.ucov 586 xivouaa 700

xav 731 xXfj&pov, xo xav&apot;, o xXij&pa 589

xav&apov 751, 767 xXeoi;, xo xavi)apou 795 XXEO? 600

xapTCOS, o xXyjpow xaprcov 809 XExXy]pco[j.Evo? 553

xaxa 527, 648, 650, 701, 787, 797, 797 xXrjai?, 7) xaxa[3aiv(o xXTjaig 486

xaxa[3aivovxai; 547 xXovoi, 0 xaxaXeiiru xXovou 621

xaxaXsi T)? 710 xvwSaxocpuXai;, o xaTomoXeuM xvcoSaxocpuXaxEQ 678—679

xaxa7ioX£uoucra 702 xoxxivo;, -7], -ov xaxap^T]?, o xoxxlvt] 637

xaxap^a 713 x6pu[i.|3o5, 6 xaxacpt-Xsio xopuix w 810

xaxacpiXEi 659—660 xoajxoi;, o xaxacpiXwv 707 xocrixw 498, 776

xaxETteiyw xotj[j.ov 569, 625 xaxEJtsiyouaav 503-504, 526 xoajxou 620 xax£7tE[i]youc;av 534—535 x p i a i q , 7] xax£7CELYOuar]<; 605 xpaaiv 490

Indices 265

xpaaswv 491 xpaxeco

xpaxouaai 665 xpaxo?, TO

xpaTou? 518 xpsfxavvufxt.

xp£[xajxEvov 551 xpivw

xpivac, 739 XplVOJiEVO? 741

XTL U EXTiaa? 722

XTICTTY] , O XTICFTa 591

XTuno?, o XTU7TOV 572

xuajxwv, o xuajjuovi 769

xiixXo;, o tov 7iepcSivr]Tov | tou xuxXou a^ova

tou oupavou 681 xuxAcojxa, to

xuxXio(j.ix 584 xupio?, o

xupie 588, 631, 639, 642, 713, 717, 718 xupio; 640 xupioi 687 xupiou 804

xucpi, to 512 Aaycov, yj

Xayova 659

XOC ocveiv 478-480 XO mv 750

XafjmY]8(i>v, •/] Xa[iTtoSovoi; 531-532

Xa[j.7Tpotp£YYY)5, -ei; XafjjtpocpcYY^ 714—715

Xeyw Uyz 558, 573, 582, 617, 623, 630,

660, 744, 761 XEYwv 562, 708 sittovto? 576, 620-621, 633, 655-656,

724 EL7TELV 577 EItimv 661, 727 Xeyel 727 Xcyo^va 733 ELpY][j.Eva 737 \eyzit; 737

EITXEV 792 XEiaivw

XsiMcra; 755 XsiTOUpYEW

XsiTOUpyOUVTO 550 XEUXOI;, -y), -OV

XEUXW 636, 698 Xeuxou 818

XEWV,o XEOVTI 780, 787

Xi O?, TO Xi(3a 552

Xivoui;, -y), -OUV Xivoii; 675

Xoyo?, o Xoyou 485 XoTo? 573, 587, 623 XoTov 577, 586, 742

X(OTO[JlY]Tpa, Y] XwTO(j.YiTpa<; 754

[Xa LOV, TO [Aa5ov 755

¡laxpoi;, -a, -ov [jiaxpov 561, 658, 705, 706-707, 712

¡lappuxipco fj.ap[xaipovTa 694-695

¡xap[i.apuYY], Y] ¡xapjxapuYat; 531

[/.EyaXoSuvafio?, -ov (X£Y^oSuva[j.ou 519 [XEYaXoSuva jiE 639

(XEY^oxpiTwp, o (XE<Ya>XoxpaTtop 639 (X£Ya^0XP®T0P£? 687—688

¡iiyoiq, [XEyaXY], yLZ a o ¡J.£Yk? 482 P.ey<XXY]i; 572 [xsyaXou 731, 778 [XEya 794

[i.£i( (OV, -ov ¡jlei ov' 776

IxiyiGToq, -Y), -ov ¡XEYt-CTTE 640 ¡XEY fw 643

¡jiXa<;, [XEXatva, fxsXav [jLEXavuv 674 [XEXavY];; 800 j/iXavoi; 815

¡jiXi, TO ¡JIEXL 755

266 Indices

[iiXiTi 781 (jiXXw

•rav ¡4eX]X6vt<ov 480-481 [¿¿XXco 516

( i iv 814 MevSyjctioi;, -a, -ov

oivto MevSrjaiip 768 MsveXaiTY)?, o

OMEVEXocity] 805-806 [¿EVU

¡live 709 ¡xepis, Y)

(lepeat 799 (J.epo?, to

(ispy) 552, 553, 554-555 [xecjo;, -Y], -ov

[^saov 540-541 ¡jtiaov 634

[xsaoupavEw [XsaoupavoOvTo; 762

[jtexa 503, 525, 534, 577, 617, 749, 774 (jLExayevvaio

[XETayev<v >•/)»£) 508-509 fxe<Ta>y£vvY]&£VTO<; 647

[XETa8iS(0|JX [i.eraSoiHjvai 483

[X£Ta7tapaStS(i)[XL [jLETa7tapaS£)vaL 501

(j.£Ta7rapaXa[j.pavM (XETaJtapaXy][jn|;ojji(XL 525

(iv) 710, 745 [A7)Se 607 [xyjSei;, -|xia, -sv

[J.Y]SEV<X 570 [AT)8e7r<0 606 |XY]xeti 566—567, 792 [xr)v, o

¡JLYJVOS 797,799 [XYJVUCO

<[XY]vu!W]a£a&aL> 481 [xiyvufjx

fxilaq 781 Mi&pa;, o

"HXio? Mi&pa? 482 ¡J.VY)|i.OVEUO)

}J.VY]fJI.OV£UaEi; 730 (JLOVOxXiOV, O

[xovoxXcovov 808 ¡xovo;, -rj, -ov

[xovw 476, 764, 764

[Aovoi; 484, 7 3 6 (aovov 734

|X0(T)(0?> |Xoa)(ou 699

[/.uxaop.oa (xuxm 659, <(xuxw> 705, 707 [xuxw[x£v05 7 1 2 [xuxwaov 490

[XUXM[Xa, TO ¡jaixwpia 657 , 7 0 5

[iupias, r) ¡ .opiaSuv 647 (xupitov 7 3 1

[xupov, TO [xupou poSivou 7 5 9

¡J.uaTY)plOV, TO [xuaTYjpia 476 (j.uaTT]pLov 7 2 3 , 794 (j.uaTY)piw 746

[AUCTTY]?, o (J.UCTTY] 4 7 7 ( J J JCFTY744

v c a v i a ; , o vEav ia i 679

VE[A(0 ve[AE 709

VEUpOV,TO vsupoii; 816

VElOTEpO?, - a , -OV v£coTEpov 6 3 5 , 697

voyjjjkx, to voY][xaTi 508

VO(XO&£T£(0 Evo(xoi)ETY](jag 7 2 2

voufllrjvia, Y] voujxrjvia 7 8 7

68s, Y]8e, ToSe TIXSE 4 7 5 •iiSE 486, 7 7 9

686;, rj b8<a 6 5 7

o l v o ; , o olvm 768

oioc,, o i a , oiov olov 5 5 2

0XTaypa[X(j.aT0i; o x x a y p a ^ a T o v 7 8 2 - 7 8 3

oXiyot;, -y], -ov oXiyov 5 2 3

Indices 2 6 7

oXoxXYjpia, Y] o X o x X Y j p i a v 6 8 4 — 6 8 5

0 X 0 ? , - Y ) , - o v o X o v 5 8 1 , 6 5 8

of j i fxa, T O O f j ^ x a a i . 5 1 7 o[j .(xaT(ov 7 0 3

0fj1.0Sia1.T05, _ o v

6(j.o8iaLToi 668 OfXOlOQ, - a , - o v

o f j i o i a 8 0 0 o f x o i o v 8 1 0

o f x o i w ? 5 4 9 , 5 5 4 , 6 1 8 , 6 2 2 , 6 7 7 o v o f i a , TO

ovofxaTa 6 1 0 ovofxa 6 5 2 , 7 6 1 , 7 8 3 , 7 8 8 ovofxaTi 6 7 8

071 ou 5 7 8 671 <o<; 4 8 4

o p a f x a , TO 6pafjuxTO<; 5 5 5

o p a a i g , yj a x o ^ ? TE x a i o p a a c M i ; s u T o v i a v 6 8 5

o p a w 0 ^ 5 3 9 , 5 4 2 , 5 4 4 , 5 4 4 , 5 5 0 , 5 5 5 ,

5 5 6 , 5 6 5 , 5 7 9 , 5 8 3 , 6 2 4 , 6 3 5 , 6 5 6 , 6 6 1 , 6 9 3 , 7 0 2 , 7 5 6

opw|X£VMV 5 4 7 — 5 4 8 i S f l ? 5 6 9 LScov 6 6 5 o ^ e T o a 7 7 5

o p & o ? , -Y] , - O V o p & w 8 0 0

o p f x a w o p f j / o f i E v o u i ; 5 5 7 , 5 6 7 o p < ( j . > w [ j . £ v o v 5 7 1

o p v e o v , T O o p v s w v 7 9 6

6?, i), 0 •¡iv 4 8 2 , 5 2 4 o v 5 2 7 0 5 3 8

5 ? 6 2 5 , 7 0 0 5 6 5 2 out; 6 7 7 oO 7 4 2 , 7 7 4 a 111

o a o v , o a v ) , ocrov

o a o v 7 5 9 o T a v 5 6 9 , 6 2 9 , 6 3 4 , 6 9 2 , 7 2 6 , 7 5 7

otl 6 0 4 , 6 4 4 , 7 1 0

OU, OUX, oux 5 2 9 , 7 2 6

ou^ 7 7 6

OUSe 542 ouSei?, ouSefjiia, ouSsv

ouSevo? 541 ouSev 542

ouxeti 749 ouXoTEpog, -Y], -ov

ouXoTepa 809 o u v 4 7 8 - 4 7 9 , 5 6 9 , 6 2 8 , 6 3 0 , 6 3 5

oupavo?, 0 oupavov 484, 546, 701 oupavou 6 4 0 - 6 4 1 , 6 6 4 , 6 6 6 - 6 6 7 , 6 7 7 ,

681 ouaia, Y]

ouaia 493, 763 oucria? 494

OUT£ [o]ute 541, 542

OUTO?, aUTY], TOUTO T A I I T Y ] ? 4 7 8 - 4 7 9

L A U I A 5 7 6 , 6 1 7 , 6 2 0 , 6 5 5 , 6 6 1 , 6 6 5 ,

7 2 4 , 7 2 8 - 7 2 9

touto 633, 635, 788, 788, 804 toutou 646, 776 TAUTF] 6 4 8

OLTOLL 6 6 4

outoi 676 o5to? 747 toutov 7 5 7 - 7 5 8 , 8 1 4

outw? 666 , 712 , 786 , 801 otpSaXfiog

O 9 & A X ( J . O U S 5 8 6 - 5 8 7 , 6 2 4

O^I -C, y]

64>I.v 6 9 7 , 7 4 6 , 7 7 4 TtaXiv 524, 573, 582, 623, 707 TtaXivyiyvofjuxi

7taX1.vYevofj1.Evo5 7 1 8 — 7 1 9

TtavcreXYjvoi;, -ov TtavaeXYjvov 798

TtapayyeXfxa, to TtapayyEXfia 749

TtapaSoTo;, -y], -ov 7tapaSoTa 476

7tapaxouM 7tapaxouaai 749

napaTrXYjtriOi;, -a, -ov 7iapaKXY]CTiov 811

268 Indices

Ttap&EVO?, Y] 7tap&£voug 663 7iap&£voi 667

7ta?, naaa, 7iav Ttavxa 485, 543-544, 617, 729

TC(XTY)p, 0 7taTp6<; 548

riauvi 799 7t£VTaSaKTuXi.o?, -a, -ov

[Tt£v-ca]SaxTu|A(.aiou? 580-581 7TEVTE 706 7I£pi 718 nepiamio

nepia^ai 817 7i£pi&ivr)TO<;, -T), -OV

TOV 7I£pi8iv7]TOV | TOU XUXAOU a^ova 680

TtEpLC W irepie^ovTo? 621-622

TO 7tepL M[ji.aaLV 674—675

JtEpL7taTC(0 7t£pt.7taTouvTa 656—657

TCEpiCTTEpEWV, O rtEpiaxEpewvL 801

nepixEw 7tepixe3pj(ievos 515

nepiypiu nzpiypLav 7 7 3 - 7 7 4

7iepa£a, T] TXEpalai; 782

juxpo?, -a, -ov 7ii.xpav 526 7uxpa; 605

7IL[JL7lXy)[J.L 7TL7rXiovTa? 581

XETCTTO?, -T], -OV 7lX£LCTTOUg 581

nXyjpEaTaxov 819-820 7iXr]aiov 807 7IV£U[ia, TO

TtvEuixix 489, 510, 538, 627, 629, 658-659

TTVEUiiaxos 489, 489, 617-618, 714 TivEu^aTi 505, 520, 589

7IV£U(iaT09C05, 0 TTVEUfiaTocpioi; 593

7IVEM TCVEuaY] 510

7XV07], Y] 7TVOT) 641

TIOIEW rcot-YiCTT]? 635 7ioir)aavTi. 644 ¿Tioirjaae 723 TtoiTjaov 752, 755

noXsuio tcoAeuovtoi? 545

noXkoLKic, 7 9 0 7toXoxpaTcop, o

noXoxpaTops? 676 710X0?, o

rcoXov 656 nonnuC/j>

nonnvaov 488, 561-562, 579 nopsia, r]

iropeia 547 Ttop£uo[xai

7topEuo(xcvou? 567-568 nopEuo[j.aL 721-722

nonxy.oQ, o 7toTa[xov 793

Tipayfjia, TO 7tpay[xaT(<)(v) 568 7tpay(j.aTOi; 718

npayjAixTeia, yj 7tpay[j.aT£iav lib—111 repay [xaTEia 791

itpaSUi, f} npaE,e(ot; 7 5 0

npo 783 Ttpo(JaTov, to

TipoPaTou 815, 818 7ip0Ep)(0[iaL

npospxovTai 6 7 3 TtpOXElfJ/Xl

7tpOX£l[XSV7](v) 779 ripovoia, rj

ripovoia 475 7tpo7ipo9EyyY)i;, -sq

nponpocpsyji] 5 6 2 , 7 1 5 7tpo7tpo9£yyif) 603

npo? 523, 552, 784, 806 TtpoaSoxaw

npooSoxtx 5 7 1 7rpocJEpxo[Jiai

7tpoaep)(oi±Evou<; 580 TtpoasXih: 630 7ipoaepxo(X£vov 756

Indices 269

TtpoaxuvEto 7ipoxuvr)aat 649

7tp6fft0710v, TO ji:p6(T(07ta 664, 674

TCpotpeYy^G, -e? rcpocpeYY^ 562

TtpwlO?, -a, -ov 7ipwiai; 784

TCpWTO;, -Y], -OV TtpwTY] 487, 488, 494, 670, 743 TtpSiTov 490, 492, 493, 618, 660,

741-742 TipuTOi; 688

TCTEpOV, TO 7rcepov 802 7CT£pa 804

Ttup, TO Ttup 490, 512 rcupo? 491-492, 617

rcupiSivy]?, o 7iup;.Siva 598

jtupi5ki[xo?, -ov 7tupL9u[xe 592

TtupixXovo?, o jtupixXove 597

7CUpiv0&pl5> 6) TCupt-voTpL^a 636

Tiupivoi;, -a, -ov rcupivcov 521 TCupivai; 584 Tiupiva 589 7iupLvov 637 Ttupivu 638

7tUpL7TV005, -OV irupircvoe 592

TtuptJioXos, -OV 7tUpi7toX£ 590

TtUpLaJtOpO?, o KupiaTiopc 596—597

jrupia<i|Aon:oq, -ov 7Tupi<TM[xaT£ 595-596

rcupixapY)?, o 7Tupi)(apTj 593

7iuppo?, -a, -ov rcuppov 808

p i£a, 7] pi^? 808

pLTtTM pi^avTa 793

p68(.VO?, -Y], -ov poSivou 759, 774 poSivov 790 672a, 691

aeauTou, aeauTov 539, 622, 629 acauTM 726

a£t,a[xo<;, 6 CTElCTfJUOV 682

aei w <T£l.O[A£VY)V 695

aeXrjvY), YJ <T£XY]vy)(; 753

aejxvo?, -Y], -ov CT£|j.vai 667

cteutAov, TO CTEUTXOV 812-813

aY](A£pov 516, 646, 651, 686 aiY l,

aiY^, | wri 558-559 <puXa ov [as, o i y t ) 560 Gift], ciyi] (koyoc,) 573 acyY) (5' 578 (TiYY), at-Yl 582 CTLY1! 623

CTTTEpJAa, TO arc£p[xa 754

aTcepixaTixoi;, -YJ, -OV a7tep(iaTixou 646

<ruep£(OT<XTOi, -a, -ov CTTepeMTaTM 507

aTeqjavo?, o crTEcpavov 637 CTTecpavM 698

(TTY]XW ar/jxei? 728

c r i j o q , o aTLxwv 727, 731-732

aTop.a, TO CTTOjxa 558

(TTpECpw CTTpa<pY)aovTai. 633 aTpecpovTEi; 679—680

crrpcovvu|Ai cTTpwaa? 760

CTTuXiaxo;, o CTTUXLCTXCOV 669

CFU, ae 478-479, 540, 557, 567, 572, 577,

634, 643, 649, 677, 763, 775

270 Indices

ctol 481, 556, 566, 642, 710, 726, 727, 734, 778

u[xTv 499, 574 au 556, 557, 573, 582, 585, 623, 657,

704, 709, 722, 722, 728, <au> 740 aou 576, 586, 620, 627, 630, <aou>

633, 641, 642, 646, 655, 724, 763 auyXEiaxrji;, o

CTuyxXEiCTxa 591 auyxpTajxa, TO

cruy pic;[ji.aTL 793 au(j.|3oXov, TO

CTU[ji(3OXOV 559 <7U|A7tapaXa[i.pav(o

au[j.7tap(xXaPf]5 651 CTU(X[JLUaTY)?, o

<7U[j.[jnjc;Tir] 732—733 aujjjtXavo!;, -a, -ov

<rufX7tXavoi; 574 auv 734 auvayvEuio

auvayvcuETw 734 auvaviTjfix

auva<v>i£voa 530 auvSew

auvSy]aai; 588 auvE[i.|3aXX(>>

auvEfipSaXuv 754 auvsuw EojAoa

auvEUM Y]&Eii; 770 CJUVXIVEW

auvxivr]CT7]5 706 CTUvoSog, T)

auvoSw 780 (TUVTayjxa, TO

auvTayfxaTo? 481—482 auvTpe/M

CTUVTpE^ELV 627 aupi w

aupicrov 488, 561, 578 ouaraGiQ, vj

auCTTaai 778 crcpoSpa

acpoSpa 503 aSifjux, TO

aio[i.a 495 a<i>|x<xTo? 684, 704

TaXanY]?, o TaXanY) 812

Ta^Li, T) Ta iv 568 toc ei 693

Tixpaaaco TapaCTCTO(ji£vov 622-623

TOLUpO , O Taupcov 673

TE 498, 685 TEXVOV, TO

texvio 476 texvov 748

teXeio?, -a, -ov teXeiov 495

TEXeiw^ 786 tsXeutocm

teXeutw 720 teXew

ETEXectoc 763 teXeiv 787

teXo;, to teXEL 481

TECTaapE^, TEcraapa Tsaaapwv 669

TETpaXl^MfJia, TO TETpa|Xi (0[xaTOi; 589-590

TLq, TL, rLq, TL TLC, 748

Tojtoi;, o Tonio 740

TOCTOUTO;, -aUTY], -OUTO TOCTOUTUV 647

tote 565,729 Tpi? 747 rpoTros, o

TpOTCOV 813 Tp07t(0 819

T ^ . •»! Tuj(aa 665, 666

uyEia, y] uysiav 684

fry")?, -¿s uyiyj 534

ilScop, TO uStop 492, 513 iiSaTo? 492, 493, 713 USocti 506

ueXou?, -a, ouv ueXouv 758

uio?,o uio? 535

Indices 271

U[J.7]V, 0

i ) ( j L e v a 8 1 4 - 8 1 5 , 8 1 7 U T t a p x «

U T t a p ^ e i 7 5 0 u t c e x X u t o i ; , - 7 ] , - o v

u h e x X u t o i ; 7 2 5 UTCEp 7 4 0

i m E p f J a i v c o

u r c e p f J a i v o v T a 5 4 0 u 7 i e p | 3 a X X ( < >

u 7 t s p ( 3 a X X o v T O < ; 6 4 9 u n e p i ) a u ( x a ^ c o

u 7 i E p E & a u [ j i a a < x 7 9 1 - 7 9 2 U J t E p j J L E Y e S v ) ? , -zc,

u 7 i e p [ j L e y £ i h ) 6 9 6 u T t o 4 8 3 , 4 9 6 , 5 1 8 , 6 0 8 , 6 4 6 , 6 8 0 , 7 3 0 ,

i n

UTto ( JocXXw

u i t o p S a X E 7 4 2

U 7 r o S s i x V U f / . ( . u 7 t o S e i ^ a v T o ? 8 0 5

U7TOX£[.[J .Ca U 7 t O X E l [ J . £ V 7 ) 5 0 2 u i t o x £ i [ X £ v o v 5 8 5 — 5 8 6 U T T O x e t T a i 7 8 3

u 7 r 6 ( j . v Y ) ( x a , T O

u n o [ j . v 7 ) [ j . a 8 2 0 u a x E p a , t)

u a T s p a ? 5 1 8 , 6 4 5 UCpLCTT 7] [XI

U<p£CTTfe>(77); 5 2 3

U t j j o ? , t o

{ t y o s 5 4 0

c p a i v i o c p a v i f ] a £ T a i 5 4 9 cpixvzLq 6 5 3

< J > a X a y p u 8 0 6 c p S a p T o i ; , - y ) , - o v

9 & a p x Y ] 5 3 3 9 & o y y o < ; , o

c p & o y y o u 6 0 9 9 & o y y w 7 4 5

c p 0 p £ ( 0

9 o p o u v T i x 7 9 4

9 p o c a 8 e v T a 6 0 7 9 p i x T O < ; , - a , - o v

(ppLXTOV 5 1 3 9 u X a x i a a a , 7)

c p u A a x i a a a a 6 6 9

c p u X a x T Y ] p i a ^ c o

9 u X a x T 7 ) p i a a ( } 7 i < ; 7 8 9 C p u X a X T 7 ] p i O V , T O

t p u X a x T Y j p t a 6 6 0 , 7 0 8 , 8 1 3

c p u A o v , T O

c p u X a 6 8 3

tpuXaCTCTw

c p u X a ^ o v 5 6 0 , 6 6 1

9 6 X X 0 V , T O

c p u X X o u 7 8 2 9 6 X X 0 V 7 8 5 , 7 8 9 c p u X X a 8 0 9

tfuaiQ, rj

cpvaec 5 0 2 5 3 3

cpvaiv 6 0 7

( p u w

c p u E T a i 7 9 8 - 7 9 9

9 « V 7 ] , 7}

cpcovYji; 6 0 9 (pat;, TO

9 « t o ? 5 9 1 , 6 0 0 c p i o T a 6 9 4

t p w T i v o ? , - 7 ] , - o v cpwTt .v/ ]v 6 9 6 — 6 9 7

c p < o T o ( 3 i a , 7) c p w T o [ 3 i a 5 9 8

9 c o t o S ( O T T ] ; , 0 c p c o T o S t o T a 5 9 6

Cp(0T0XtV7]TY)? , O

c p w T O X L V T j T a 5 9 9 C p t O T O X p a T w p , 0

c p t o T o x p a x i o p 5 9 5 / a i p w

X a i p E 6 3 9 , 6 7 0 , 6 7 0 , 6 7 1 , 6 7 1 , 6 7 2 a , 6 7 2 a , 6 7 2 b , 6 8 8 , 6 8 9 , 6 8 9 , 6 9 0 , 6 9 0 , 6 9 1 , 6 9 1 , 7 1 3 , 7 1 3 , 7 1 4

/ a i p £ T £ 6 6 6 , 6 7 8 X a X a ^ c o

X < x X a a & £ v 8 0 3

X a p o c , 7)

X<*p<*? 6 2 7

XeiP-X E i p o ? 4 9 7 , 5 1 9

X E i p i 6 9 9

X ^ T W V , O X i t m v i 6 3 6 , 6 9 8

X X a j x u i , 7] x X a f x u S i 6 3 6 — 6 3 7

272 Indices

jpioyL&i Xpii]aaa&ai 733 XP]aa[X£voi 740, 791 XP5 792, 818 Xpaa&a i 794, 796

Xps ia , v)

Xpeiav 504, 535

XP*] XP7] 478 -479 <Xp-r]> 794

XpT^atr i iu Xpv)[xaxiar) 653 Xpif)[j.axiaov 717

Xp7]CTl.[i.£U(0 Xp^CTt[X£uaY]i; 765

XP*)crifJ.o;, -a , -ov /prjCTLfxoi; 763 -764

X P W 6 ? . o XpY]CT[x6v 727 XPY)ct[J.6? 732

XP^CTfJ-wSsid

XP^ct^MSyjoel 724-725 Xpta[j.a, TO

Xptaf ia 770 Xp iu ^

Xpiwv 746 Xp icTa i 802

Xpuaco?, -7], -OV Xpuasa 665, 675 -676 XpucrS 698 Xpuasov 700

XpuaoeiSV)!;, -e? Xpuaoei.8ectlv 530

Xpuaoxoprji;, o Xpuioxopiav 697

XuXo;, o XuAou? 480 XuAov 773, 781 XuXS 803

X«p£M XwpTjaavTa 606 X<opr]aELi; 729

" H c M

I lpovo ia x a l Yux?] 475 IJjuxw[V] 535

¿uxn 710, 725 tJ^UXlXOi, -7), -ov

^uxtxij? 524 <\i\)yoo>

etJ;uxw[X£V(i) 498 & 478-479 , 748 (0(0.0?, 0

MfJLOV 700 oipa, 7)

Spa 543, 648 ¿pa? 545, 652 Spat,; 654, 687 wpav 701

(opovofio?, o

wpovojjLov 652 CO? 551, 657, 722, 728, 737, 739, 740,

744, 783, 812 ¿axe 540, 572, 626, 733, 775

Indices 273

II. Voces Magicae

aet]iouo> 487 , 743 iai.ai.aiM 598 vowel sequence variations 492, 493, 495, lau 593

498-499, 528-529, 532, 600, 610- '¿Epa aS 500 616, 764, 788 xpaoxpai; 509

a£a£ 594 xucps 512 aieptovik 688 [¿ap[i.ap£VTEU 602 axfia 594 jj.axapcp[.]v 536 avxpe 505-506 (j.s»ap&a 500 a7toxou 511 (J.£V£CT5(£7)i; 671 apapjiajpjs 672 fi£p)(£i.fJ.£po<; 689 apsi 597 (XEaapyiXTM 690 apEvfjapa si 602 pLETEp-ua 499 apvofi.r)9<p 515 (XE pav 671 apm 511 ¡xscou 564 apTEVTE7Tl. 715 flt-fAEM 716 ap^avSapa 631 |XLVL(j.Lppoq30p 668 aptJjsvTEv 563 [ixoupc. 724 ¡xyjiijioup 689 (jLoxpijxo 708 (3EEySV7)T£ 600 (j.8pL0|X0Tup7]9t.xpa 604 Pooarjia 599 ¡j.opio<; 562 yaAAa|3aX[3a 598 fj.8pt.pox 653 SEJXOU 536 (xou 537 Etxixa 597 VEfJlsikpE 563 e'Cocrr] 508 VE iklp 560 EXoups 594 VEX9EV 510 EfiE&EipE 603-604 vs)(ikv 511 £fj.Eikpi. 715 vuu 513 EvapS 564 ^EpStu» 575 ¿vap^ofxai 509 1-0 575 EV&O 711 OLfJL 509 Eopaat-jp) 692 o£u 575 cptr] 632 ou)(i.EXwa 514 Epfja)(8a&«4> 691 cxpodsi aat; 766-67 Epovou'i 507 7tapaxouvy)& 507 spoupo^piY]? 672 7CEVTLTEpoUVL 590 ETlfXEVfJLEpO 632 TIETITtEp 595 E)(o|i(xi7] 672 JtlTir)T|Al 564 '¿X0> 514 Ttp£7TE(X7U7tl. 595 Ewpw ... wpitop TtpoSpi 632-633

with variations 654-655 7tpo7tpo9EyyY];, -kq 562, 603, 715 631-632 TtpOCTt)ufj.r)pt 819

Y]& 511 7tpoaufi.7]pi 661 &av[X£Xou 560 7tpo u 536 »saw 514 7tpo<p£yyy)5, -ec, 563 »71» 716 icpocpup 562-563 OpaiJjiapi 652 7tpwa 536 9po7it(o8 711 Ttpcos 537

2 7 4 Indices

7tpwt]juxwv 5 3 7 cpox iÇaaç 7 6 6

mjpicpcoTa 6 3 1 cpp[.] 4 8 8

n u p i j i 5 9 8 9 p e v e a o u 9 i p Y X 5 0 6 p 5 0 9 Opy) 7 1 7

a a v ^ e p w ß 5 9 9 <Dpy]Xßa 7 1 7

2£[i£CTLÀa(jt 5 9 1 cpupxe/co 5 6 4

a o u a ï v E c p i 6 0 1 , 6 0 2 c p u p x e x " 7 1 6 Ti)(vov8aY]!; 6 7 2 b cpio» 5 0 0

xupY] 5 6 5 9 « p 7 6 5 , 7 6 6 , 7 6 6

u e v a p w 7 1 6 <p(oç 7 6 6

<pevev 7 1 1 e p u r a l a 6 3 1

cpcpifiocpspspi. 7 0 8 - 7 0 9 X L X P « a À i , 9 w 6 9 0 - 6 9 1

ç e p o u p a 7 2 3 X p s ^ 7 ® 0 " ] ? 6 7 0 cprjpiY) 5 0 0 ^Evocßco» 5 0 8

cpiAßa 5 6 5 t ^ p i S a p e w 7 1 5 — 7 1 7

cpvouYjviox 5 9 6 ^ u p i S a p t w 5 6 4 - 5 6 5

cpopa 7 6 5 t^upivcpeu 5 9 2

cpopaíhjv 6 3 2 <jju^w[v] 5 3 5

cpopa&i 6 3 3 (oa'i 5 9 3

Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum

Edited by Christoph Markschies

1 Der Tractatus Tripartus aus Nag Hammadi Codex I (Codex Jung) New translation by Peter Nagel 1998. VII, 120 pages. Paper.

2 Katharina Bracht Vollkommenheit und Vollendung 1999. XIV, 438 pages. Paper.

3 John Granger Cook The Interpretation of the New Testament in Greco-Roman Paganism 2000. XVI , 385 pages. Paper.

4 Hans Förster Die Feier der Geburt Christi in der Alten Kirche 2000. X , 218 pages. Paper.

5 Jutta Henner Fragmenta Liturgica Coptica 2000. XIII, 257 pages. Paper.

6 Claudia Tiersch Johannes Chrysostomus in Konstantinopel (398-404) Weltsicht und Wirken eines Bischofs in der Hauptstadt des Oströmischen Reiches 2002. X , 475 pages. Paper.

7 Mark W. Elliott The Song of Songs and Christology in the Early Church 2000. X , 206 pages. Paper.

8 Barbara Conring Hieronymus als Briefschreiber 2001. X , 273 pages. Paper.

9 William D. Furley and Jan Maarten Bremer Greek Hymns I 2001. XXI I , 411 pages. Paper and cloth.

10 William D. Furley and Jan Maarten Bremer Greek Hymns II 2001. VIII, 443 pages. Paper and cloth.

Studien und Texte zu Antike und Judentum

11 Matthias Henze The Syriac Apocalypse of Daniel 2001. VII, 158 pages. Paper.

12 Antigone Samellas Death in the Eastern Mediterranean (50-600 A.D.) 2002. X, 378 pages. Paper.

13 Religiöse Vereine in der römischen Antike Edited by Ulrike Egelhaaf-Gaiser and Alfred Schäfer 2002. VIII, 310 pages. Paper.

14 Rainer Hirsch-Luipold Plutarchs Denken in Bildern Studien zur literarischen, philosophischen und religiösen Funktion des Bildhaften 2002. XII, 324 pages. Paper.

15 Die ikonoklastische Synode von Hiereia 754 Einleitung, Text, Ubersetzung und Kommentar ihres Horos, besorgt von Torsten Krannich, Christoph Schubert und Claudia Sode, nebst einem Beitrag zur Epistula ad Constantiam des Eusebius von Cäsarea von Annette von Stock-hausen 2002. VIII, 133 pages. Paper.

16 Literarische Konstituierung von Identifikationsfiguren in der Antike Edited by Barbara Aland, Johannes Hahn and Christian Ronning 2003. VIII, 266 pages. Paper.

17 Michael Maas Exegesis and Empire in the Early Byzantine Mediterranean Junillus Africanus and the Instituía Regularia Divinae Legis With a contribution by Edward G. Mathews, Jr. 2003. XII, 280 pages. Paper.

18 Hans Dieter Betz The „Mithras Liturgy" Text, Translation, and Commentary 2003. XVIII, 274 pages. Paper.

For a complete catalogue please write to the publisher Mohr Siebeck - P.O. Box 2030 - D-72010 Tubingen/Germany Up-to-date information on the internet at www.mohr.de