ISBN 978-616-12-0170-8

: .... : .... ISBN : 978-616-12-0170-8 1 : 2554 : 2,000 : 24

.. 2548 ... .. 2537

Copyright@2005 by :

National Institute of Metrology (Thailand) Ministry of Science and Technology

3/4 - 5 Moo 3, Klong 5, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand Tel. (662) 577 5100 Fax (662) 577 2823

E-mail: iro@nimt.or.th Website: www.nimt.or.th

3/4 5 3 12120 0 2577 5100 0 2577 2823

E-mail: iro@nimt.or.th Website: www.nimt.or.th

(Measurement Traceability to the International System of Units; SI Units) ISO 9001, ISO/IEC 17025, HACCP

... . 11 2554

1. 1 2. 1 3. 2 4. 2 5. 4 5.1. 4 5.2. 5 5.3. 6 6. 7 7. 15 8. 17 17 18

1

1.

2. (Metrology) 2.1 Websters New World College Dictionary (1999)

The science of weights and measures 2.2 The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

The science that deals with measurement, a system of measurement 2.3 International Vocabulary of Metrology Basic and General Concepts and

Associated Terms (VIM) : 2008 Science of measurement and its applications Note: Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of

measurement, whichever the measurement uncertainty (Measurement result with level of confidence) and field of applications.

2.4 ..2540

2

3.

20 .. 1875 (.. 2418) (The Metre Convention) ( Strasbourg Agreement (1675) banning the use of chemical weapons)

1. (International Bureau of Weights and Measures : BIPM) (International System of Units, SI)

2. (International Committee of Weights and Measures : CIPM) 18

3. 4

4.

(The Metre Convention) .. 2455 (.. 1912) 6 11 .. 2466 (.. 1923) .. 2466

.. 2506 ( ) 2 .. 2508 3 .. 2509 3 3

3

.. 2554 190 57 ISO/IEC 17025 .. 2541 .. 2540 1 .. 2541

1.

2.

1 (measurement traceability) ISO/IEC 17025 (Calibration and Measurement Capability, CMC) (BIPM) Website BIPM

1

/

International ComparisonQuality System

National Standards /Certified Reference Materials

Reference Standard National Standard

User Standard

Reference Standard

Working (User) Standard,

Measurement Traceability

1

4

BIPM CMC Website CMC 5 1. Asia Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP) 2. The European Association of National Metrology Institutes (EURAMET)

3. Inter - American Metrology System (SIM) 4. The Inter - Africa Metrology System (AFRIMET) 5. Euro-Asian Cooperation of National Metrological Institutes (COOMET)

BIPM CMC

Website BIPM (www.bipm.org) .. 2554 393 1 4 Asia-Pacific

5.

5.1 (DC Voltage)

2

5

2 (measurement uncertainty) +10-3 V Calibrator +10-5 V Calibrator Zener Reference Standard +10-6 V (secondary standard) Zener Reference Standard Josephson Voltage Standard +10-9 V (primary standard)

5.2

3

+10-5 m Gauge Blocks +10-8m Gauge Blocks Interferometer +10-9m Laser Source Interferometer Stabilized He-Ne Laser +10-11 m

1

Traceability Chart of Length

National Standard

Reference Standard

Working Standard

Gauge Blocks, Grade 1,2

Gauge Blocks, Grade 0

Ceramic Gauge Blocks, Grade K

Uncertainty = +3.9 x 10-8 m

Carbide Gauge Blocks,Grade AA

Uncertainty = + 3.6 x 10-8 m

Gauge Block Comparator

Stabilized He-Ne Laser(Gauge Block Interferometer)Wavelength 633 nm, 543 nmUncertainty = +1 x 10-9 m

Iodine Stabilized He-Ne LaserWavelength 633 nm

Uncertainty = +2.5 x 10-11 m

Gauge Block Comparator

MicrometerMeasuring Equipment

Tungsten Carbide Gauge Blocks,

Uncertainty = +2.2 x 10-8 m

Uncertainty = +6 x 10-5 m

Uncertainty = +3.2 x 10-8 m

Uncertainty = + 5 x 10-8 m

Steel Gauge Blocks, Grade 00

Uncertainty = +4.7 x 10-8 m

3

6

5.3

4 ()

10-6 kg Class E2 F1, F2, M1, M2 +10-7 kg Class E2 Class E1 3 Class E1 Class E0 10-8 kg Class E0 P80 10-9 kg

(measurement uncertainty)

Traceability of Mass+2.3 x 10-9 (1) (BIPM) International Prototype of the

Kilogram

+4 x 10-9 (1) (NIMT) Primary Standard(National Standard)

+5 x 10-8 (2) Reference Standard

+1.5 x 10-7 (2) Secondary Standard

+5 x 10-7 (2)

P80(Pt Ir)

E0

E1

E2 and Lower (F1 , F2 , M1 , M2 )

Balance

The National Prototype of the kilogram No. 80

R0(Pt Ir)

The International Prototype of the kilogram

> 10-6

Traceability of Mass+2.3 x 10-9 (1) (BIPM) International Prototype of the

Kilogram

+4 x 10-9 (1) (NIMT) Primary Standard(National Standard)

+5 x 10-8 (2) Reference Standard

+1.5 x 10-7 (2) Secondary Standard

+5 x 10-7 (2)

P80(Pt Ir)

E0

E1

E2 and Lower (F1 , F2 , M1 , M2 )

Balance

The National Prototype of the kilogram No. 80

R0(Pt Ir)

The International Prototype of the kilogram

> 10-6

4

7

6

(Unit Under Calibration, UUC) (uncertainty with a level of confidence)

8

9

1 Digital Thermometer 1 C (1 C) 0.2 C

0.26 C

= Reading Error + Uncertainty = [1 (0.26) + 0.28] C = 1.26C + 0.28 C 95

0.98 C 1.53 C 95

2 Digital Thermometer 1 10 C

(Linear Approximation)

(error)

(UUC) = 15.0 (0.2) = 15.2 (error) = (0.260) (0.069) = 0.191 10 C = 0.191 x (10 + 0.2) = -0.13 15.2

= Reading Error + Uncertainty = [10 (0.13) + 0.28] C = 10.13 C + 0.28 C 95

9.85 C 10.41 C 95

10

11

3

12

3

13

3 Digital Caliper 18 mm (correction) 0.02

(measurement uncertainty) +0.014 mm 95

= + + = (18 + 0.02 + 0.014 ) mm = 18.02 mm + 0.014 mm 95

18.01 mm 18.03 mm 95 Digital Caliper Nominal Length

(correction) (error)

4 Digital Thermometer 1

(Ice Point) 3 0.1 0.15 0.05

1.

0.13

0.050.15)(0.1)(x

2. (measurement uncertainty) 2 Type A

(experimental standard deviation of the mean), )(xs Type B Type A

2.1 (standard deviation)

2

1)(

11)( xx

nxs k

n

k

20.10.0520.10.152021

0.05

14

2.2 (experimental standard deviation of the mean), )(xs Type A, Au

0.0293

0.05nxsxsAu

( n = = 3, degree of freedom = n -1 = 2)

2.3 Type B Digital Thermometer

(standard uncertainty), Bu factorcoverage yuncertaint expanded ( )

0.1420.28

( level of confidence 95% normal, coverage factor 2)

2.4 (Combined Standard Uncertainty), cu

22BAc uuu

0.14320.142(0.029)cu

2.5 (expanded uncertainty), U , (level of confidence) 95

cukU 0.1432 , k = coverage factor 2 0.290.286

( Bu Au Cu Bu k = 2)

3. = + = [0.1 (0.26) + 0.29] C = 0.16 C + 0.29 C 95% 0.13 C 0.45 C 95

15

7

7.2 ISO 9001 :

7.6 (Control of Monitoring and

Measuring Devices) ...

a) ...

7.3 ISO/IEC 17025 :

(General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories) 5.4 (Test and

Calibration Methods and Method Validation) ... / /...

5.5 (Equipment) ... ()

...

7.4 ISO 14000: (Environmental Management System)

4.5.1 (Establish Monitoring and Measurement Capabilities)

7.4 ISO 15189 :

(Medical laboratories-Particular requirements for Quality and Competence)

16

5.3 (Equipment)

... ...

5.6 (Assuring quality of examination procedures) 5.6.1 .... 5.6.3 ... 5.6.4 ....

7.5 HA : (Hospital Accreditation) GEN.7 7.6

- - - (Calibration)

7.6 HACCP : (Hazard Analysis and

Critical Control Point) 4.7 (Monitoring Procedures)

Monitoring method, including - Calibration of monitoring and measuring equipment - ...

4.9 (Verification Procedures) ... to ensure the safety of the food and continuing improvement of the

system ... including the calibration of monitoring equipment ...

17

8.

1. , Metrology in Short 3rd Edition , 2552 2. T. Pfeifer, Production Metrology, 2002 3. R. Laaneots and O. Mathiesen, Introduction to Metrology, 2006 4. BIPM website, http://www.bipm.org 5. NIMT website, http://www.nimt.or.th

18

1. . 2. - ..() - M.S. in Electrical Engineering Ohio University, USA. - Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering University of Pittsburgh, USA. - . 31 - . 48 - Director Certification Program (Class120/2009) Thai Institute of

Directors - 1 3.

-

- () (.)

- . - . -

4. - - 10 2

5. 20 Satellite Image Applications, Image Processing, Array Signal Processing, GPS receiver Performances, ASEAN Metrology System

6. - . - ( .. 1981) - ( .. 2545)

7. IEEE (USA) Thai Biomedical Engineering Society (Thai BME) 3

8. - ( .. 2545) - 2550

2551 .. 2552 2553