1 Algeria

2 Angola

3 Benin

4 Botswana

5 Burkina Faso

6 Burundi

7 Cameroon

8 Cape Verde

9 Central African Republic

10 Chad

11 Comoros

12 Congo

13 Cote d’Ivoire

14 DemocraticRepublic of Congo

15 Djibouti

16 Egypt

17 Equatorial Guinea

18 Eritrea

19 Ethiopia

20 Gabon

21 Gambia

22 Ghana

23 Guinea

24 Guinea-Bissau

25 Kenya

26 Lesotho

27 Liberia

28 Libya

29 Madagascar

30 Malawi

31 Mali

32 Mauritania

33 Mauritius

34 Morocco

35 Mozambique

36 Namibia

37 Niger

38 Nigeria

39 Rwanda

BIS Sahrawi Arab DemocraticRepublic

40 Sao Tome & Principe

41 Senegal

42 Seychelles

43 Sierra Leone

44 Somalia

45 South Africa

46 South Sudan

47 Sudan

48 Swaziland

49 Togo

50 Tunisia

51 Uganda

52 United Republic of Tanzania

53 Zambia

54 Zimbabwe

TABLE OF CONTENTS

54

DEVELOPMENTS IN LAWS

SINCE THE MAPUTO PROTOCOL

AresearchwasconductedonprogressivelegislationthatAfricancountries have adopted to promote gender equality since the adoptionoftheMaputoProtocol.Mostdatahavebeentaken

from the latest reports of CEDAW, and completed by the ACHPR, SADCandWIPOreports.

MAPUTO PROTOCOL

Not signed, not ratified

Signed, not ratified

Ratified

76

AlgeriaCONSTITUTION

― Theamendment to theConstitution in2008, reaffirming in article31bis theState’scommitmentto“ promotethepoliticalrightsofwomenbyincreasingtheiropportunitiestoaccessrepresentationinelectedbodies ” ;

LAWS― TheamendmenttotheNationalityCodein2005,allowingchildrentotaketheirmother’s

nationality,inlinewiththeprincipleofgenderequality( article6 )andenablingamantoacquireAlgeriannationalitythroughmarriagetoanAlgerianwoman( article9bis ) ;

― The amendments to the Family Code through theOrdinance 05-02 of 27 February2005,prohibitingthewali( regionalrepresentativeoftheState ),whomaybethefatheroranotherrelative,fromcompellingaminorpersonunderhisguardianshiptocontractmarriage ;

― TheamendmentstotheCriminalCode,inparticulararticle341bis,whichmakessexualharassmentacriminaloffence ;

― Adoptionin2015ofanewlawcriminalizingviolenceagainstwomen,thislawamendsthepenalcodeinorderto“ criminalize,forthefirsttime,domesticviolenceagainstwomen ”andincludesawidedefinitionofviolence,whetheritisphysical,psychological,socialoreconomic,providesforseverejailsentencesforauthorsofthesetypesofviolence.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Thecreationofinstitutionalmechanismsfortheadvancementofwomen,inparticular

the establishment of the National Council for the Family andWomen by means ofExecutiveDecreeNo.06-421of22November2006,anditstwointernalcommittees,onwomen and on the family,which comprises about 50 representatives of variousnationalinstitutionsoperatingatboththenationalandlocallevels ;

― TheNationalStrategyforthePromotionandIntegrationofWomenin2008,includingthe establishment of the inter-ministerial committee, and the subsequent nationalplanofactiontoimplementtheNationalStrategyfortheperiod2010-2014,whichisaimedatcreatingadatabaseofinformationdisaggregatedaccordingtosexandbuildingcapacitiestopromotegenderequalityandwomen’sempowerment ;

― The Programme for the Strengthening of Women’s Leadership and ConsolidationofWomen’s Participation in Political and Public Life, aimed at undertaking research,fosteringdialogueandengagingkeystakeholders in initiativestostrengthenwomen’sparticipationinpoliticaldecision-making ;

― The Joint Programme for Gender Equality andWomen’s Empowerment, focused onimprovingaccesstoemploymentforwomenthroughtargetedsupportofexisting jobcreationmechanisms.1

98

Angola LAWS

― LawontheParticipationofWomeninPoliticallifein2005 ;

― LawagainstDomesticViolence,in20112.

Benin LAWS

― ActNo.2006-19of5September2006onthesuppressionofsexualharassmentandprotectionofvictims ;

― Act No. 2011-26 of 9 January 2012 on the prevention and prohibition of violenceagainstwomen,whichcoversdomesticviolenceandmarital rape, sexualharassment,forcedprostitution,forcedmarriage,honourcrimes,femalegenitalmutilationandotherharmfulpractices3.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― In 2006 Benin adopted the 2006-2011 strategic guidelines for development which

seek, amongother things, thepromotionofgenderequality,women’sempowermentandimprovedsocialprotection4 ;

― NationalPolicyonGenderEquality,in2009whichaimstoachieveby2025,equalityandequitybetweenthesexeswithaviewtowardssustainablehumandevelopment5 ;

― ActionPlantoCombatViolenceagainstWomen,in2012.

Botswana LAWS

― EnactmentoftheAbolitionofMaritalPowerActin2004andthesubsequentamendmentstoanumberofstatutelawstoalignthemwiththeAbolitionofMaritalPowerAct ;

― Domestic Violence Act ( 2008 ) was also adopted toprotect family members againstviolence in the home6.

Burkina FasoCONSTITUTION

― TheConstitutionwasamendedin2012withadoptionoftheActN°033-2012/ANthatrecognizing gender equality7.

LAWS

― NationalGenderPolicyadoptedinJuly2009 ;

― NationalActionPlanfor2009-2013,“ ZeroToleranceforFemaleGenitalMutilation ” ;

― ActNo.09296AN/2008adoptedin2008ofthelawtocombattraffickinginpersonsandsimilarpracticeswhichcriminalizesallformsoftrafficking,expandsthedefinitiontoincludetraffickingofyounggirlsandwomen,placesanemphasisontheneedtoprotectvictimsoftraffickingandprescribespunishmentsforconvictedoffenders ;

― ActNo.28-2008/ANontheLabourCodeprotectingpregnantemployees ;

― Article303ofActNo.033-2004/ANof2009andActn°034-2012/ANof2012whichestablishestheprincipleofequalpayforworkofequalvalueforwomenandmen ;

― ActN°034-2009/ANof2009andonruralpropertylawthatestablishestheprincipleof equality for men and women in access to land in rural areas8.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― TheMinistryforthepromotionawomenwasreorganizedbydecreeN°2013-856/

PRES/PM/MPFGin2013totakeontoconsiderationagenderdimension.TheMinistryforthepromotionawomenchangeditsnametoTheministryofthepromotionofgender and women and two new structures have been created namely the General directorateonthepromotionofgenderandtheGeneraldirectorateforthepromotionwomen’s entrepreneurship9.

― 2015 :AdoptionofLawNo.061-2015/CNTonthePrevention,SuppressionandCompensationforViolenceAgainstWomenandGirlsandCareofVictims

― 2016 :CreationofMinistryofWomenAffairs,NationalSolidarityandFamilywithaSecretariatofStateforSocialAffairs.

BurundiLAWS

― 2016 :Adoptednewlawongenderbasedviolence.

PENDING― ReformontheLabourCode,wheresectionsontheprivatesectorneedtobebrought

intolinewiththeConvention,particularlywithrespecttopaidmaternalleave ;

― ReformofthePersonalandFamilyCode( Article126ontheobligatoryconsentofthewifeforanyactconcerningthedispositionofajointlyheldasset,andArticle88toestablishthesamelegalageofmarriageforgirlsandboys ) ;

1110

― ReformoftheInheritance,matrimonialregimesandgifts,whicharestillgovernedbycustomarylaw.10

― 2015 :EstablishmentofDepartmentforthePromotionandEmpowermentofWomen,MinistryofHumanRights,SocialAffairsandGender.

Cameroon

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Thenationalstrategytocombatviolenceagainstwomen,in201211 ;

― Document on National Gender Policy, whose main elements apply to thesituationalanalysisofgenderissuesinCameroon12.

― NewPenalCodeontheRightsofWomenandGirlsadoptedin2016.

Cape Verde LAWS

― ActNo.84/VII/2011onGender-basedViolence ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalPlantoCombatGender-basedViolencefor2007-201113

Central African Republic LAWS

― ActNo.06.005of20June2006onreproductivehealth ;

― ActNo.06.032of27December2006onprotectingwomenagainstviolence.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Theadoption,in2005,ofanationalpolicyforthepromotionofequalityandequityand,

in2007,anactionplanthereon ;

― Theestablishmentofasectoralcommitteeongenderandpovertyreduction14.

ChadLAWS

― ActNo.006/PR/02of15April2002onreproductivehealth,whichprohibitsdomesticandsexualviolenceaswellasharmfulpracticessuchasfemalegenitalmutilation( FGM )andearlymarriages( art.9 ) ;

― DecreeNo.414/PR/PM/MEN/2007of17May2007,whichestablishestheDirectoratefortheAdvancementofGirls’EducationwithintheMinistryofEducation.

― RepresentationandGenderParity(LawNo.38/PR/2015)adoptedin2016.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― EffortsoftheStateparty,incooperationwithanumberofUnitedNationsagencies,to

bemoreresponsivetoincidentsofsexualandgender-basedviolenceineasternChad,inparticularbyprovidingtrainingonsexualandgender-basedviolencepreventionandresponsetoofficialsfromtheDétachement Intégré de Sécurité ( DIS )andtoitsnationalpolice, by recruiting female police officers and by opening gender-unit posts in therefugee camps15.

ComorosLAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

― TheNational Policy onGender Equality and Equity and its implementationwith thesupportofUnitedNationsagencies ;

― ThePovertyReductionandGrowthStrategyanditsplanofaction,whichincorporatesagenderperspective16.

1312

Congo LAWS

― EstablishmentoftheMinistryfortheAdvancementofWomenandtheIntegrationforWomeninDevelopment ;

― Adoptionof theElectoral Law005/2007of25May2007establishinga15percentquotaforwomeninNationalAssemblyandSenateanda20percentquotaforwomeninlocalelections

― AdoptionofBillonGenderParityin2016

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Developmentin2008ofanationalgenderpolicyandits2009–2019PlanofAction17.

Cote d’IvoireLAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

― 2007SolemnDeclarationonEqualityofOpportunity,EquityandGender ;

― NationalActionPlanforWomen( 2003-2007 ) ;

― NationalPolicyPaperonEqualOpportunity,EquityandGender ;

― National Plan ofAction for the Implementation of SecurityCouncil Resolution 1325( 2000 )onWomen,PeaceandSecurity18.

― In2016,legislativeprovisiononGBVandlawonPropertyRightsofWomen(DecreeNo.2016-590)andNationalStrategytocombatGBV;

Also2016,establishmentofDirectorateon theDevelopmentof theCompetenceofWomen(DVCF).

Democratic Republic of Congo

LAWS― ActNo.08/005of10June2008,inwhichpoliticalpartiesarerequestedtoconsider

genderequalityinestablishingelectorallists ;

― LawNo.16/008ofJuly2016oftheFamilyCodeinwhichthemarriageauthorisationforwomenwasabolished ;

― LawNo.16/010ofJuly2016oftheLabourcodeinwhichwomenareallowedtoworkatnight.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― TheNationalPolicyonGenderIssues,in2009,anditsactionplan ;

― TheNationalStrategyforwomen’spoliticalparticipationindemocraticgovernance, in2010 ;

― TheNationalStrategyagainstgender-basedviolence( 2009-2010 ),

― TheNationalAgencyforEliminatingViolenceagainstWomenandAdolescentandVeryYoung Girls,

― Atechnicalcoordinationcommitteestofightsexualviolence ;

― NationalFundforthePromotionofWomenandtheProtectionofChildren ;

― TheNationalStrategyonmaternalandchildmortality ;

― Theactionplanonreproductivehealth,genderandpopulation( 2008-2012 ) ;

― The integrated rural development policy and the national strategy on microfinance( 2008-2012 )19.

DjiboutiLAWS

― TheFamilyCode( 2002 ),whichsetstheminimumageofmarriageat18yearsforwomenand men, albeit with exceptions, and improves the economic position of women inpolygamousmarriages,abolishesthepracticeofrepudiationandcriminalizestherefusalofadivorcedhusbandtopayalimony( “ familyabandonment ” ) ;

― Theamendmentin2009ofarticle333oftheCriminalCode( criminalizingfemalegenitalmutilation ) todefineandcriminalizefailuretoreportfemalegenitalmutilationandofarticle7oftheCriminalProcedureCodetorelaxtheconditionstobemetbywomen’srightsorganizationsforbringingfemalegenitalmutilationcasestocourt ;

― TheEducationSystemAct( 2000 )introducingfreecompulsoryeducationforgirlsandboysaged6to16years ;

― TheLabourCode( 2006 )providingfor,interalia,14weeksofpaidmaternityleaveandthreedaysofpaidparentalleaveforfathers.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― The establishment in 2008 of theMinistry for theAdvancement ofWomen, Family

WelfareandSocialAffairs,whichwasrenamedMinistryfortheAdvancementofWomenandFamilyPlanning,inchargeofrelationswithParliament ;

― TheNationalStrategyfortheIntegrationofWomeninDevelopment( 2003-2010 )anditsactionplanaimingatstrengtheningwomen’sparticipationinpoliticalandeconomiclife, improving maternal and child health, and increasing women’s and girls’ access to educationandliteracy20.

1514

Egypt LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

― Anationalplanningmethodologythathasfacilitatedthemainstreamingofgenderissuesinthesocio-economicnationalfive-yearplansfor2002-2007and2007-2012 ;

― Continued coordination andother activities of theNationalCouncil forWomen, thenationalmechanismfortheadvancementofwomen,anditsdevelopmentofastrategicframework aimed at achieving the third Millennium Development Goal, on gender equality,by2015.TheCommitteealsonoteswithappreciationthatequalopportunityunits have been established in most ministries and that the unit dealing with issues relatingtotheConventionwithintheorganizationalstructureoftheNationalCouncilforWomenhasnowbecomepermanent ;

― Adoptionofthenewchildlaw( LawNo.126of2008 ),whichraisestheageofmarriagefrom 16 to 18 years for both males and females and criminalizes female genitalmutilation21.

Equatorial Guinea

LAWS― LawNo.3/2005onthepreventionandcombatofthetransmissionofSTDsandHIV/

SIDA.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― “ NotoviolenceagainstwomeninEquatorialGuinea ”campaignof2008 ;

― TheestablishmentoftheFundforSocialDevelopment,whichprioritizeswomen’saccessto health-care services22.

Eritrea

LAWS― Adoptionin2007ofProclamationNo.158/2007toabolishfemalecircumcision23.

EthiopiaLAWS

― AdoptionofthenewCriminalCode( 2005 ),whichcriminalizesvariousformsofviolenceagainstwomen, includingdomesticviolenceandextramarital rape,harmful traditionalpracticessuchasfemalegenitalmutilation,earlymarriageandmarriagebyabduction,andtraffickinginwomenandchildren.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Establishment of victim-friendly benches in federal courts and of special units to

investigateandprosecutecrimesagainstwomeninprosecutors’officesinAddisAbabaand Dire Dawa and in some regional states, as well as the steps taken so far by the State partytotrainjudges,prosecutorsandpoliceofficersontheapplicationoftheCriminalCodeandonwomen’srights.

― NationalPlanforGenderEquality( 2005-2010 ) ;

― The Plan forAccelerated and SustainableDevelopment to Eradicate Poverty ( 2005-2010 ),whichincludes“ unleashingthepotentialofEthiopianwomen ”amongitseightstrategicelements ;

― TeDevelopmentandChangePackage forEthiopianWomen, seeking topromote theeconomic and political participation of women and to eradicate harmful traditionalpractices ;

― The joint United Nations/Government of Ethiopia flagship programmes on genderequalityandmaternalhealth ;

― Theintroductionofgirls’scholarshipprogrammesandthesupplytogirlsofeducationalmaterialsanduniforms,withthesupportofnon-governmentalorganizations ;

― Theintroductionofgirl-friendlyschools,aswellastheconstructionofseparatelatrinesforgirlsandboysinschools ;

― Theprovisionof incentives toparents inpastoralist areas to send theirdaughters toschool ;

― Training and the takingof affirmative action to raise the shareof female teachers inprimaryandsecondaryschools to50percentandto increasethenumberof femalecollegeanduniversityinstructors ;

― HealthExtensionProgramme,bytraininghealthextensionworkersonmaternalhealthandemergencyobstetriccareandbyexpandingthenumberofprimaryhealth-careunits,health centres and hospitals24.

― 2015 :EstablishmentofstatedepartmentforgenderundertheMinistryofPublicService,YouthandGenderAffairs.

1716

Gabon LAWS

― ActNo.38/2008of29January2009aimedatcombatingandpreventingfemalegenitalmutilation ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalGenderEqualityandEquityStrategy,aimedatpromotingequalityofopportunity

and treatment of men and women with respect to education, vocational training,employmentandoccupation,in201025 ;

Gambia LAWS

― DomesticViolenceAct,in2013 ;

― SexualOffencesAct,in2013 ;

― Women’sAct,in2010 ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― MaternalandChildNutritionandHealthResultsProject,2014-2019 ;

― NationalPlanofActiononGender-basedViolence,2013-2017 ;

― GenderandWomen’sEmpowermentPolicy,2010-2020 ;26

Ghana LAWS

― Criminal Offences ( Amendments ) Act, 2007 ( Act 741 ), which widens the scope ofpersonsresponsibleforthepracticeoffemalegenitalmutilationandincreasessanctionsforthatoffence ;

― DomesticViolenceAct,2007( Act732 ) ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Re-engineeringoftheMinistryofWomenandChildren’sAffairs ;

― Development of the National Policy and Plan of Action ( 2009-2019 ) on theimplementationoftheDomesticViolenceAct,200727.

GuineaCONSTITUTION

― NewConstitutionof2010,recognizinginarticle8theprincipleofequalityformenandwomenunderthelaw ;

LAWS― NewElectoralCodeof2010,establishinga30percentquotaforwomen’srepresentation

onelectorallists.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Strategic plan for the accelerationof the eradicationof female genitalmutilation for

2012-2016 ;

― Nationalgenderpolicy,in2011 ;

― Nationalstrategyforthefightagainstgender-basedviolence,in2010 ;

― NationalstrategicframeworktocombatHIV/AIDSfor2008-2017, includingeffectivemeansofaddressingtheconcernsofwomenandgirls ;

― National action plan on implementing Security Council resolution 1325 ( 2000 ) for2009-201328.

Guinea-BissauLAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

― Establishment in 2000, of the Institute forWomen and Children as an operationalstructureforthedevelopmentandcoordinationofpoliciesonwomen’srights,genderequality and the advancement of women29.

1918

Kenya

CONSTITUTION― New Constitution approved by public referendum in 2010 which provides for a

comprehensiveBillofRightswhichenhancesprotectionforwomenthrough, inter alia, thefollowingprovisions :Article14( 1 )( 2 )whichguaranteesequalcitizenshiprightsforwomen,andinparticularthedirectapplicabilityoftheconstitutionalrightofwomentopassonKenyancitizenshiptotheirforeignspousesandchildrenbornoutsideofKenya ;Article27( 4 )whichprohibitsdirectorindirectdiscrimination,inter alia, on the basis of sex,pregnancyandmaritalstatus ;

― The new Constitution requires the repeal of many discriminatory provisions whichexistedintheformerConstitutionandtheapplicationoftheConstitution’sguaranteeofnon-discriminationwithrespecttoalllaws,includingthoseintheareasofmarriage,divorce,adoption,burialandsuccession ;

― TheStatepartyhasimplementedtheconstitutionalprinciplecontainedinarticle27( 8 )thatnotmorethantwo-thirdsofthemembersofelectiveorappointivebodiesbeofthesamegenderinnewlyestablishedcommissionscrucialtotheimplementationofthenewConstitution30.

LAWS― The sectionswithin the Penal code that perpetuated discrimination on the basis of

genderCaps170,172and173havesincebeenrepealedbytheKenyaCitizenshipandImmigrationAct2011 ;

― TheGovernmenthasauditedtheLawsandamendeddiscriminatoryclausesasevidencedinthereviewofSection38ofSexualOffencesActof200631.

― AmendmenttoSexualoffencesAct( 2006 ) :TheGovernmentrepealedSection38oftheSexualOffencesActunderwhichwomenfacetheriskofbeingvictimizedforinitiatingprosecutionsagainsttheirabusersasofJune2012.Victimsofsexualoffenceswhommajorityhappentobewomenarenowabletoreportcasesofsexualviolencewithoutfearofcriminalsanctions.Inaddition,RegulationsrequiredfortheimplementationoftheSexualOffencesActhavebeenpassed.

― Women and land entitlements : Kenya’s Constitution and the three laws adopted in2012( theNationalLandCommissionAct,theLandActandtheLandRegistrationAct )aresignificantimprovementswithrespecttowomen’srightstoland ;

― Marriage Act ( 2014 ) seeks to eliminate social inequality between men andwomeninmarriageinthecontextofKenya.TheActprovidesthatpartiestoamarriagehaveequalrightsandobligationsatthetimeofthemarriage,duringthemarriageandatthedissolutionofthemarriage3( 2 ).TheActprovidesthatallmarriageswillbeissuedwithmarriagecertificates,includingcustomarymarriages32.

PENDING― DraftGenderPolicyframework2011developedwithanoverallgoalofmainstreaming

gender concerns in the development process in Kenya in order to improve the social, legal,economic,andculturalconditionsforwomen,men,girls,andboys33.

LesothoLAWS

― TheSexualOffenceAct( 2003 ),recognizingmaritalrapeasanoffence ;

― TheLegalCapacityofMarriedPersonsAct( 2006 ) ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― LawReformCommission,withthemandateofreviewingdiscriminatorylaws34.

LiberiaLAWS

― EducationReformActof2011,whichseekstoadvancegirls’educationatalllevels ;

― Children’sLawof2011,whichpartlyaddressesfemalegenitalmutilation ;

― LawReformCommissionActof2011,whichprovidesfortherevisionoflawsincludingthosewithabearingonwomen’srights.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― EstablishmentofCriminalCourt“ E ”inMontserradoCountymandatedtohearcasesof

rapeandotherformsofsexualviolence ;

― Sexualandgender-basedviolencecrimesunitwithintheprosecutionsystem ;

― Womenandchildrenprotectionunitinthepoliceservice,in200935.

LibyaLAWS

― Theelectorallawwasrevisedtoincludeagenderparityprovisionrequiringeachpartytoplaceitsfemalecandidatesinanalternatingpatternwithmalecandidatesontheirliststo ensure that women were elected36.

― 2015 : Establishment of New Gender Mechanism in the Presidency calledWomen Support and Empowerment Unit

2120

Madagascar

LAWS― Lawtocombattraffickinginpersons,whichcriminalizesforcedmarriage,amongother

formsofexploitation,in2014 .

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Genderandelectionsstrategy,coveringtheperiod2015-2020,aimedatenhancingthe

representationandparticipationofwomenindecision-making.37

― 2015 :GeneralDirectorateresponsibleforthePromotionofWomen.

― 2016 :NAPforCombatingGBV.

Malawi LAWS

― Marriage,DivorceandFamilyRelationsAct,in2015andconsolidatesmultiplemarriageregimes and addresses some of the discriminatory provisions in previous laws governing marriageandfamilyrelations.Theprovisionthathasreceivedthemostdomesticandinternationalattentionsetstheageofmarriageat18anddemandsformalgovernmentregistrationofallmarriages.38 

― GenderEqualityAct,in2013.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Nationalgenderpolicy,in2015.

― Nationalgirlseducationstrategy( 2014-2018 ).39

Mali

LAWS― Act No. 2015-052 of 18 December 2015, instituting measures to promote gender

equalityinaccesstonominatedandelectedpositionsbyprovidingforaminimum30percentquotafortherepresentationofeachgender ;

― ActNo.2011-087of30December2011,whichamendedarticle224ofthePersonaland Family Code, providing for the equal right of Malian women and men to transmit theirnationalitytotheirforeignspousesandtotheirchildren ;

― ActNo.06-40/AN-RMof16August2006,onagriculture, removing legalbarriers toaccesstoanduseoflandbywomen.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Plan of action, covering the period 2015-2017, for the implementation of Security

Councilresolution1325( 2000 )onwomenandpeaceandsecurity ;

― NationalFundforAgriculturalDevelopmentandthelandtenurepolicy( 2015 ),whichprovidesfortheallocationof15percentofState-managedlandtowomenandyoungpeople.

― 2016 :Three-yearactionPlanofGenderPolicy;

― 2016 :EstablishmentandOperationalisationofPermanentSecretariatoftheNationalGenderPolicy.

PENDING― Billaddressingviolenceagainstwomenisbeingdeveloped

― Nationalprogrammetocombatviolenceagainstwomenandgirlsispendingfinalization.

― BilltoprohibitfemalegenitalmutilationwassubmittedtotheNationalAssemblyin2009andabillcreatingacommitteetofollowuponthatbill

― Nationalplanofactiontocombatfemalegenitalmutilationthatcoverstheperiod2015-2019.40

MauritaniaLAWS

― OrganizationActNo.2012-034of12April2012,promotingwomen’saccesstoelectoralmandatesandelectiveoffices ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Updatedpovertyreductionstrategypaperfortheperiod2011-2015,whichincludesa

gendercomponent ;

― NationalPlanofActionforRuralWomen,in2009 ;

― Nationalstrategyagainstfemalegenitalmutilation,in200741.

― 2015 : National GenderMainstreaming Strategy and adoption of a National GenderMainstreamingStrategy.

2322

Mauritius

LAWS― CombatingofTraffickinginPersonsActthatwaspassedbyparliamentin2009,which

provides,interalia,forrepatriationofvictimsoftrafficking,returnofvictimsoftraffickingtoMauritiusandcompensationtovictimsoftrafficking ;

― EmploymentRightsActthatwaspassedbyParliamentin2008andwhichintroducedthepaymentofmaternityallowanceapplicabletoallconfinements,andalsofivecontinuousworkingdaysaspaternityleavetoallmarriedmaleworkers ;

― AdoptionoftheHIVandAIDSActin2006.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalGenderPolicyFrameworkinMarch2008 ;

― NationalActionPlantoCombatDomesticViolenceformulatedbytheFamilyWelfareandProtectionUnitin2007 ;

― WomenEmpowermentProgrammeproject ;

― TherevisioncarriedoutbytheNationalRemunerationBoardin2008withregardtothewagegapbetweenwomenandmenforfield-cropandorchardworkers,aswellasforlivestock workers42.

Morocco LAWS

― The Royal Commission on the Personal Status Code has undertaken important legalreformstoeliminateexistingdiscriminationagainstwomen,suchastheadoptionoftheFamilyCode,theNationalityLaw,theLawonCivilRegistration,theLabourCodeandtheCodeofCriminalProcedureaswellastheamendmentstothePenalCode ;

― ReorganizationoftheConseil Consultatif des Droits de l’Homme, which is in line with the Paris Principles, the establishment of the Diwan Al Madhanlim, as an Ombudsman to dealwith complaints vis-à-vis the public administration aswell as the establishmentof the InstanceEquitéetRéconciliation,withaviewtoexaminingtheserioushumanrightsviolationsofthepast,sincetheseinstrumentsandbodiesalsocontributetotheprotectionofthehumanrightsofwomen ;

― Nationalstrategiesforgenderequityandequality,toeliminateviolenceagainstwomen,foruniversalbasiceducation,andonmigration43.

MozambiqueCONSTITUTION

― Incorporationofaspecificprovisionarticulatingtheprincipleofequalitybetweenwomenandmen,aswellasprovisionsongeneralprinciplesofequality.

LAWS― FamilyLawof2004whichestablishestheequalityofwomenandmeninmarriageand

familyrelations ;

― LandLawof1997,whichexplicitlysetsforthequalrightstolandforwomen ;

― CommercialCodeof2005,whichincorporatesequalrightsforwomenintheexerciseofanycommercialactivity.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalPlanfortheAdvancementofWomen2002-2006

― GenderPolicyandImplementationStrategyin2005 ;

― InclusionoftheobjectiveofgenderequalityintheGovernment’sfive-yearplan2005-2009andincertainsectoralplansandprogrammes ;

― High levelof the institutionalmachineryforachievinggenderequality inplaceat thegovernmentlevel,includingtheMinistryofWomenandSocialActionandtheNationalCouncilfortheAdvancementofWomen,whichiscomposedofdifferentstakeholdersfrom both Government and civil society, as well as mechanisms in place at the parliamentarylevel ;

― AppointmentofawomanasPrimeMinisterandtheappointmentofanumberofwomenministersandvice-ministers.ThecommitteeofCEDAWhasstatedthattheproportionof women parliamentarians in Mozambique is among the highest in the world44.

2524

Namibia LAWS

― ChildCareandProtectionAct,in2015,whichcontainsprovisionsonthetraffickingofchildren,includinggirls,andtheminimumageofmarriagesetat21yearsoldforboysandgirls( themostprogressiveinAfrica )45 ;

― PreventionofOrganizedCrimeAct,in2004( enteredintoforceinMay2009 ),whichhasbeenusedtocombattraffickinginhumanbeings,includingwomenandgirls ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalGenderPolicy( 2010-2020 ) ;

― NationalGenderPlanofAction( 2010-2020 ) ;

― Gender-responsivebudgetingguidelines,approvedbytheCabinetin2014 ;

― Education and Training Sector Improvement Programme ( 2006-2020 ), which areintendedtoenhanceeducationfromearlychildhooddevelopmenttolifelongtraining46.

Niger

LAWS― ActNo.2000-008,whichintroducedaquotasystemforpositionsreservedforwomen

indecision-makingbodies ;

― Reforms to the Penal Code in 2004, including provisions prohibiting female genitalmutilationandslavery47 ;

― InActNo.2000-2008of7June2000,establishingaquotasystemforelectedofficials,GovernmentandtheStateadministration ;

― Act No. 2006-16 of 21 June 2006makes reproductive health a right ; moreover, itadoptsagenderperspective,stipulatingthatwithinthecouplethatrightbelongsnottoone spouse only, but to both48.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Theadoptionofthenationalpolicyfortheadvancementofwomen,whichaddresses

social,economic,political,legalandculturalissues ;

― TheadoptionoftheReproductiveHealthActin2006 ;

― TheestablishmentoftheMinistryfortheAdvancementofWomenandProtectionofChildren ; the designation ofAdvisers onGender andDevelopment to the PresidentoftheRepublicandthePrimeMinister ;andthecreationoftheNationalInstituteforMonitoringtheAdvancementofWomen,togetherwiththe8regionalinstitutesand36

departmentalinstitutesformonitoringtheadvancementofwomen49 ;

― TheGenderInitiativeprogramme( withUNFPAfunding ),whichbeganin2005 ;

― TheCapacityBuildingProjectforGenderEquity,financedbytheAfricanDevelopmentBank ;

PENDING― Theannouncementbythedelegationthatanationalgenderpolicyisbeingfinalized50.

NigeriaLAWS

― National Gender Policy in 2007, which constitutes a comprehensive framework forpromotinggenderequalityandtheadvancementofwomen51 ;

PENDING― The“ GenderandEqualOpportunitiesBill2010 :ABilltoIncorporate,Domesticate,And

Enforce selectedaspectsof theUnitedNationsConventionon theEliminationof allFormsofDiscriminationAgainstWomen,andtheNationalPolicyonWomenandotherMattersRelatedTherewith ” ;

― TheHIV/AIDSanti-stigmabillhasbeenpassedbythelegislatureandwassignedintolawbythePresidentaspartofthecelebrationofthe2014WorldHIV/AIDSDay52.

― ViolenceAgainstPeopleandPersonsActadoptedin2015;

― 2015 :GenderandEnergy(Strategy)RoadMap.

― 2016 : New National Gender Policy including a National Women Empower Fund(NAWEF)bytheMinistryofWomenAffair.

RwandaCONSTITUTION

― Adoption in2003of itsConstitution,whichenshrines thegendernon-discriminationnormandprincipleofgenderequalityandwhichtriggeredextensivelegalreformsaimedat removing discriminatory provisions53.

― Polygamyhasbeenoutlawedaccordingtoarticle26ofthisnewConstitution.

LAWS― Law No. 59/2008 of 10/09/2008on prevention and punishment of gender-based

violence ;

― LawNo.13/2009of27/05/2009Thelawregulatinglabourprohibitsdiscriminationonthegroundsofgender,maritalstatusorfamilyresponsibilities ;

2726

― TheorganiclawNo.10/2013/0Lof11/07/2013governingpoliticalorganizationsandpoliticiansinitsarticle7providesthat“ Politicalorganizationsareprohibitedfrombasingthemselvesonrace,ethnicgroup,tribe,lineage,region,sex,religionoranyotherdivisionwhichmayleadtodiscrimination ”.

― ThelawtoinstitutePartfiveoftheCivilCoderegardingmatrimonialregimes,liberalitiesandsuccessions.

― Intheorganiclawof02/05/2012institutingthePenalCode,discriminatoryprovisionswererepealed.Forexample,article245relatingtopenaltyforadulteryprovidesequalpenaltiestobothsexes,unliketheoldPenalCode,whichprovidedseverepenaltiestofemalescomparedtomales.

― TheCommercial Code of 1988was reviewed by law of 27/04/2009 and by law of07/05/201016toeliminateall formsofdiscriminationagainstwomen.Withthenewlaw,thereisnoneedforawomantohavetheauthorizationofherhusbandtostartabusiness, as was the case in the past54.

― 2016 :NewFamilyLawadopted(No32/2016).

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― TheNationalGenderPolicyapprovedbytheGovernmentin2010anditsStrategicPlan

institutionalize the National Gender Cluster as a coordination mechanism that aimsat supporting theGovernmentofRwanda in promoting gender equality andutilizingpartner’ssynergiestoimprovegenderinterventionsandavoidduplication ;

― GirlsEducationPolicyin2008 ;

― AgricultureSectorGendermainstreamingStrategyin2010 ;

― MediaGenderMainstreamingStrategyandRwandaNationalPoliceGenderMainstreaming2014 ;

― EDPRS II priority Sectors have committed to develop Sector specific GenderMainstreaming Strategies55.

PENDING― The family law, which is in the last phase of revision in the Parliament removes

discriminatoryprovisionsashighlightedinthefollowingexamplesfromthedraftofthenewlawgoverningpersonsandfamily.Article51statesthatspousesinamarriagehavetomutuallyagreeonwheretheywillliveasopposetoarticle83oftheoldlawwhichprovidedthattheresidenceofawomaniswhereherhusbandresides ;accordingtothenewlaw( article194 ),spousesjointlyensurethemoralandmaterialmanagementofthehousehold,unlikearticle206oftheoldlawwhichprovidedthatthehusbandistheheadofthefamilycomposedbyhiswifeandtheirchildren ;article320ofthenewlawprovidesthatthefatherandmother,durationofthemarriage,havethecapacitytoadministerthepropertyoftheirminorchildandrepresenthim/herincivilactionswhiletheoldlawinarticle352stipulatedthattheauthorizedrepresentativeofachildandthemanagerofhis/herpropertyishisfather.

Best practice :

― TheCommitteeofCEDAWcommendstheStatepartyforitssuccessfuluseofquotasinpoliticalandpubliclife.ItparticularlycongratulatestheStatepartyforhavingthehighestrepresentationofwomeninParliamentworldwide56.

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― ABodyinchargeofthePromotionofHumanRightsofWomenwasestablishedin2003,

Toimplementitsprogrammes,theSecretariatofStateforthePromotionofWomenandSocialAffairs,hasseveralregionalandlocalfacilitiesandcentresforthepromotionofwomen,educationandteachingforeignlanguages,electronicmedia,sewingetc.57

Sao Tome & PrincipeCONSTITUTION

― Article 15 of the newConstitution of 2013 specificallymandates the equality of allcitizensofbothsexes :“ Womenhaveequalrightsanddutiesasmen,andareassuredfullparticipationinpolitical,economic,socialandculturallife ”.

LAWS― Lawnumber2/77( theLawoftheFamily )regulatesmarriageandlegallyrecognizesde

facto unions, and establishes a single system of inheritance, considered more favorable towomen.Italsodecreesequalityofrightsanddutiesbetweenspousesinmattersofthe administrationof property and the educationof children, amongothers.Thus, itestablishes equal inheritance rights, both between spouses and between heirs, regardless ofsex,andaccordsanequaldegreeofparentalauthoritytobothparents58.

2928

Senegal LAWS

― LawNo.2013-03of25June2013allowingwomentotransmittheirnationalitytotheirhusbandandtheirchildrenborntoaforeignfather ;

― LawNo.2010-11of28May2010onparitybetweenwomenandmeninentirelyorpartiallyelectivebodies ;

― LawNo.99-05of29January1999amendingthePenalCodetocriminalizethecrimesofrape,femalegenitalmutilation,assaultandbattery,andincest.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Secondnationalactionplantoacceleratetheeliminationoffemalegenitalmutilation,

covering theperiod2010-2015, and theestablishmentof anationalobservatory forparityin201159.

Seychelles LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

― NationalStrategyforDomesticViolence2008-2012 ;

― NationalActionPlanonGender-BasedViolence2010-2011

Good practice :

― The Committee of CEDAW commends the high representation of women in theparliament( 43.8percent )andinthepublicserviceoftheStateparty.TheCommitteealso welcomes the quality and accessibility of maternal and child health-care services intheStateparty, inadditiontotheresultsachievedwithregardtodefactoequalitybetweengirlsandboysintheeducationsector60.

Sierra LeoneLAWS

― TheSexualOffencesAct,in2012,whichincreasedcriminalpenaltiesforsexualoffences,includingsextrafficking ;

― The LegalAidAct, in 2012,which aims at providing free legal aid to, amongothers,womenvictimsofsexualviolence ;

― TheRegistrationofCustomaryMarriageandDivorceAct, theDomesticViolenceActandtheDevolutionofEstatesAct,aimingatharmonizingnational legislationwiththeConvention’sprovisions,eachin2007 ;

― TheChildRightsAct,in2007,whichelevatedtheminimumageofmarriageto18yearsforwomenandmen.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― TheNationalStrategyfortheReductionofTeenagePregnancy,in2013 ;

― SpecialSaturdaycourts,in2012,mandatedtotrysexualviolencecasesandsecuremoreprivacyforvictimsandexpeditetrials ;

― TheNationalActionPlanonSecurityCouncilresolutions1325( 2000 )and1820( 2008 )onwomen,peaceandsecurity ;

― TheNationalReferralProtocolongender-basedviolenceandtheNationalPlanofActionongender-basedviolence,in2012 ;

― TheNationalCommitteeongender-basedviolence,in200761.

Somalia― SignedtheInternationalConventionontheRightsoftheChild2016;

― 2016 :adoptedaFGMLawonZerotoleranceofFGM;

― 2016 :NAPonGBVandNAPforResolution1325.

3130

South Africa LAWS

― CriminalLaw( SexualOffencesandRelatedMatters )AmendmentAct,2007 ;

― Children’sActof2005,whichseeks,amongotherthings,toensureagender-responsivetreatmentofgirlsinconflictwiththelaw ;

― PromotionofEqualityandPreventionofUnfairDiscriminationAct( EqualityAct ),2000.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Women’sEmpowermentandGenderEqualitybranchwithintherecentlycreatedMinistry

forWomen,ChildrenandPeoplewithDisabilities( 2009 ) ;

― TheNationalGenderPolicy, and the365-dayNationalPlanofAction toendgenderviolence.

― Adoptionin2006oftheStrategicFrameworkonWomen’sEmpowermentandGenderEqualitywithinthePublicService,andthefactthattheStatepartyexceededthe50percenttargetforrepresentationofwomenatall levelsofseniormanagement–womencurrentlyrepresent54.38percentofPublic-Servicestaff ;

― Adoptionof the50/50genderparity in linewith theSouthernAfricanDevelopmentCommunity’sProtocolonGenderandDevelopment( SADCProtocol ),andthatcurrentlywomenrepresent44percentofparliamentariansand43percentofthemembersoftheCabinet62.

South Sudan CONSTITUTION

― TheTransitionalConstitution,theLandActandtheLocalGovernmentAct,allexplicitlyrecognisewomen’srightstoownandinherit landandproperty.TheConstitutionalsocallsonalllevelsofgovernmenttoenactlawstocombatharmfulcustomsandtraditions,which undermine the dignity and status of women63.

SudanCONSTITUTION

― The interim national constitution of 2005 included clauses on gender equality andaffirmativeaction.Article32ontherightsofwomenandchildrenprovidesthat“ ( 1 )theStateshallguaranteeequalrightofmenandwomentotheenjoymentofallcivil,political,social, cultural and economic rights, including the right to equal pay for equal work and other relatedbenefits. ( 2 )TheState shall promotewoman rights throughaffirmativeaction.( 3 )TheStateshallcombatharmfulcustomsandtraditionswhichunderminethedignityandthestatusofwomen.( 4 )TheStateshallprovidematernityandchildcareandmedicalcareforpregnantwomen.( 5 )TheStateshallprotecttherightsofthechildasprovidedintheinternational ”64.

SwazilandLAWS

― PeopleTraffickingandPeopleSmuggling( Prohibition )Act,in2009 ;

― Children’sProtectionandWelfareAct,in2012.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Nationalgenderpolicy,approvedbytheCabinetin2010 ;

― ReproductiveHealthCommoditySecurityStrategicPlan2008-201565.

TogoLAWS

― LawNo.2007-017of6July2007constitutingtheChildren’sCode ;

― LawNo.2006-010of13December2006constitutingtheLabourCode ;

― LawNo.2007-005of10January2007onreproductivehealth.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Establishment of the Ministry for the Promotion ofWomen in May 2010 and the

adoptionoftheNationalPolicyonGenderEqualityandEquityinJanuary201166.

3332

Tunisia CONSTITUTION

― Tunisia’snewconstitutionof2014,isoneofthefirstintheArabworldtogivetherighttobothmenandwomentorunforpresidentialcandidacy,accordingtoarticle74²EverymaleandfemalevoterwhoholdsTunisiannationalitysincebirth,whosereligionisIslamshallhavetherighttostandforelectiontothepositionofPresidentoftheRepublic.²

LAWS― AmendmentoftheCodeofPersonalStatus( ActNo.2007-32 )inMay2007toequalize

theminimumageofmarriageforwomenandmento18years ;

― Amendment of theNationalityCode ( ActNo. 2002-4 ) in February 2002 to allow aTunisianwomanmarriedtoaforeignertotransmithernationalitytoachildbornabroadintheeventofthedeath,disappearanceorincapacityofthefather ;

― ActNo.2008-20of4March2008entitlingamotherwithchildcustodyrightstoretaintheconjugalhome,whenshehasnootherlodging ;

― ActNo.2002-32of12March2002creatingasocialsecurityregimeforcertaincategoriesofagriculturalandnon-agriculturalworkers,includingdomesticemployees ;

― ActNo.2005-32of4April2005prohibitingtheemploymentofchildrenundertheageof16yearsasdomesticworkers ;

― Studiesandprogrammesadoptedwith theaimofevaluating thescopeand formsofviolenceintheStatepartyanderadicatingviolenceagainstwomen,includingthestudyonviolenceagainstwomen( 2006-2009 ),theprogrammeentitled“ Genderequalityandpreventionofviolenceagainstwomen ”, adopted in2006,and the “ National strategyfor the prevention of violencewithin the family and society : gender-based violencethroughoutthelifecycle ”fortheperiod2007-2011.

― Adoptionin2004ofarticle226terofthePenalCodecriminalizingsexualharassment.

― 2016 : Creation of Advisory Council to the Prime Minister on Equality and EqualOpportunitiesbetweenWomenandMen.

Uganda LAWS

― 2006RefugeeActwhichcontainsprovisionsinlinewithinternationalstandards,includingthespecificprovisionrecognizingdiscriminatorypracticesbasedongenderasagroundforseekingasylum ;

― TheLandActAmendment( 2004 ) ;

― TheEmploymentAct( 2006 ) ;

― The Equal Opportunities Commission Act ( 2007 ) which provides a legal basis tochallengelaws,policies,customsandtraditionsthatdiscriminateagainstwomen,aswellastheNationalEqualOpportunitiesPolicy ;

― TheamendmentstothePenalCodeprohibitingdefilementofgirlsandboys( 2007 ) ;

― TheDomesticViolenceAct3( 2010 ),criminalizingviolenceinadomesticsetting ;

― TheProhibitionofFemaleGenitalMutilationAct5( 2010 ) ;

― TheInternationalCriminalCourtAct( 2010 ),criminalizingsexualexploitationofwomenduringconflictsituations.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalActionPlanonGenderformonitoringtheimplementationoftheConvention

fortheperiod2007–2010aswellastheNationalGenderPolicy( 2007 )67.

United Republic of Tanzania

LAWS― HIV/AIDS ( Prevention and Management ) Act ( Zanzibar, 2013 ) and HIV and AIDS

( PreventionandControl )Act( mainland,2008 ) ;

― Children’sAct( Zanzibar,2011 )andLawoftheChildAct( mainland,2009 ) ;

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― NationalCommitteeonViolenceagainstWomen,ChildrenandPeoplewithAlbinism ;

― NationalAdolescentReproductiveHealthStrategy( 2011-2015 ) ;

― Education and Training Policy ( 2014 ) and National Strategy on Inclusive Education( 2009-2017 ) ;

― National Gender-based Violence Committee ( Zanzibar ) and Roadmap on ViolenceagainstChildrenandGender-basedViolence( 2014-2016 )68 ;

3534

Zambia LAWS

― ZambianDevelopmentAgencyAct( 2006 ) ;

― TheCitizensEconomicEmpowermentAct( 2006 ) ;

― TheAnti-Gender-BasedViolenceAct( 2011 ).

― 2015 :EnactedGenderEquityandEqualityAct(No.22of2015)

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― Apolicythatreserves30percentoftitledlandspecificallyforwomen,atasubsidized

rate,asprescribedintheNationalGenderPolicy( 2000 ) ;

― The introduction of a bursary scheme for female students enrolled in science andtechnicalsubjectstoensuregreatergenderequality intheseareas ; the incorporationof human rights teaching in the curriculum at the primary and secondary levels in public schools ;

― ThelaunchoftheCampaignforAcceleratedReductionofMaternalMortalityinAfrica ;

― TheelaborationoftheNationalGenderCommunicationStrategy ;

― TheParliamentaryCommitteeonLegalAffairs,Governance,HumanRightsandGenderMatters69.

― 2016 :ReviewedNationalGenderPolicyof2000andNationalChildPolicy andnewConstitutionalAmendmenttoincorporategenderequityandequality.

ZimbabweLAWS

― Amendments to theLabourAct ( Act7 in2002andAct17 in2005 )prohibiting thedemandofsexualfavoursinreturnforrecruitmentforemployment,promotionoranyotherrelatedactivities.

LAWS, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK― TheNationalGenderPolicy ( 2004 ), tomainstreamgender inallsectorsandpromote

equaladvancementofwomenandmen ;

― TheDomesticViolenceAct( 2006 ) ;

― TheGenderImplementationStrategy2007-2010 ;

― The First Schedule of the Public Service Regulations ( 2000 ), prohibiting sexualharassment ;

― The establishment in 2007of theWomen’sDevelopment Fund and theCommunityDevelopmentFundtoassistwomeninvariousincomegeneratingprojects,theadoptionoftheTourismPolicy,whichpromoteswomen’sparticipationinthesectorbyreservinga30%quota,andthereservationofa30%quotaforwomenintheminingmechanizationthat is run by the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development70.

3736

1 CEDAW/C/DZA/CO/3-4,Concludingobservations2012

2 CEDAW/C/AGO/CO/6,Concludingobservations2013

3 CEDAW/C/BEN/CO/4,Concludingobservations2013

4 http ://www.genderindex.org/country/benin

5 http ://www.genderindex.org/country/benin

6 CEDAW/C/BOT/CO/3,Concludingobservations2010

7 http ://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/fr/bf/bf017fr.pdf

8 CEDAW/C/BFA/CO/6,Concludingobservations2010

9 CEDAW/C/BFA/7,Statereport,2016

10 CEDAW/C/BDI/5-6,Statereport2015

11 CEDAW/C/CMR/CO/4-5,Concludingobservations2014

12 CEDAW/C/CMR/4-5,Statereport,2011

13 CEDAW/C/CPV/CO/7-8,Concludingobservations,2013

14 CEDAW/C/CAF/CO/1-5,Concludingobservations,2014

15 CEDAW/C/TCD/CO/1-4,Concludingobservations,2011

16 CEDAW/C/COM/CO/1-4,Concludingobservations,2012

17 CEDAW/C/COG/CO/6,Concludingobservations,2012

18 CEDAW/C/CIV/CO/1-3,Concludingobservations,2011

19 CEDAW/C/COD/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations,2013

20 CEDAW/C/DJI/CO/1-3,Concludingobservations,2011

21 CEDAW/C/EGY/CO/7,Concludingobservations,2010

22 CEDAW/C/GNQ/CO/6,Concludingobservations,2012

23 CEDAW/C/ERI/CO/5,Concludingobservations,2015

24 CEDAW/C/ETH/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations,2011

25 CEDAW/C/GAB/CO/6,Concludingobservations,2015

26 CEDAW/C/GMB/CO/4-5,Concludingobservations,2015

27 CEDAW/C/GHA/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations,2014

28 CEDAW/C/GIN/CO/7-8,Concludingobservations,2014

29 CEDAW/C/GNB/CO/6,Concludingobservations,2009

30 CEDAW/C/KEN/CO/7,Concludingobservations2011

31 CEDAW/C/KEN/CO/7,Concludingobservations2011

32 CEDAW/C/KEN/8,Statereport2016

33 CEDAW/C/KEN/8,Statereport2016

34 CEDAW/C/LSO/CO/1-4,Concludingobservations2011

35 CEDAW/C/LBR/CO/7-8,Concludingobservations2015

36 https ://www.hrw.org/report/2013/05/27/revolution-all/ womens-rights-new-libya

37 CEDAW/C/MDG/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations2015

38 https ://www.cmi.no/publications/5802-ending-child- marriages-new-laws-bring-progress-but

39 CEDAW/C/MWI/CO/7,Concludingobservations2015

40 CEDAW/C/MLI/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations2016 ; StatementfromMinistryforthepromotionofWomen, childrenandfamilies2016

41 CEDAW/C/MRT/CO/2-3,Concludingobservations2014

42 CEDAW/C/MUS/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations2011

43 CEDAW/C/MAR/CO/4,Concludingobservations2008

44 CEDAW/C/MOZ/CO/2,Concludingobservations2007

45 SADC,GenderProtocol2015Barometer

46 CEDAW/C/NAM/CO/4-5,Concludingobservations2015

47 CEDAW/C/NER/CO/2,Concludingobservations2007

48 CEDAW/C/NER/3-4,Statereport2015

49 CEDAW/C/NER/CO/2,Concludingobservations2007

50 CEDAW/C/NER/CO/2,Concludingobservations2007

51 CEDAW/C/NGA/CO/6,Concludingobservations2008

52 CEDAW/C/NGA/7-8,Statereport2015

53 CEDAW/C/RWA/CO/6,Concludingobservations2009

54 CEDAW/C/RWA/7-9,Statereport2015

55 CEDAW/C/RWA/7-9,Statereport2015

56 CEDAW/C/RWA/CO/6,Concludingobservations2009

57 AfricanCommissiononHumanandPeoples’Rights,Sahrawi ArabDemocraticRepublic :2ndPeriodicReport,2002-2012

58 http ://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTAFRREGTOPGENDER/ Resources/SaoTomeCGA.pdf

59 CEDAW/C/SEN/CO/3-7,Concludingobservation,2015

60 CEDAW/C/SYC/CO/1-5,Concludingobservation,2013

61 CEDAW/C/SLE/CO/6,Concludingobservations,2014

62 CEDAW/C/ZAF/CO/4,Concludingobservations2011

63 http ://womenshlp.nrc.no/countries/south-sudan/

64 http ://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/details.jsp?id=10720

65 CEDAW/C/SWZ/CO/1-2,Concludingobservations2014

66 CEDAW/C/TGO/CO/6-7,Concludingobservations2012

67 CEDAW/C/UGA/CO/7,Concludingobservations2010

68 CEDAW/C/TZA/CO/7-8,Concludingobservations2016

69 CEDAW/C/ZMB/CO/5-6,Concludingobservations2011

70 CEDAW/C/ZWE/CO/2-5,Concludingobservations2012

Footnotes

African Union CommissionWomen, Gender & Development Tel:+251-115-182112http://www.au.int/en/wgd

United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Regional Gender Adviser for East Africa Addis Ababa, EthiopiaP.o.Box3001Telephone:+251-115443585http://www.ohchr.org

DESIGN & LAYOUT BYToni Cenko toni.cenko@gmail.com