tài liệu tập huấn đại lý thuốc bvtv bài 6

Ti liu tp hun i l thuc bo v thc vt bi 6 0

TI LIU TP HUN I L THUC BVTV BI 6

Vn chuyn v tn tr thuc bo v thc vt

Mc lc

Ti sao ti li thch bi hc ny? ........................................................................................................... 1

Mua, kim tra tn kho, v t chc ca hng ........................................................................................ 1

Mua thuc BVTV .................................................................................................................................. 1

Kim tra hng tn kho ........................................................................................................................... 2

T chc ca hng .................................................................................................................................. 2

Vn chuyn an ton thuc BVTV .......................................................................................................... 4

Kho thuc BVTV cho ca hng ............................................................................................................. 5

Qun l s r r ca thuc BVTV .......................................................................................................... 7

Cch no qun l mt s trn/r r ca thuc BVTV ....................................................................... 8

Phi lm g vi bao b thuc tr su c s dng? ........................................................................... 9

Lm sch bao b thuc c s dng ............................................................................................... 9

Dng lng Sc ra ba ln ................................................................................................................ 9

Dng thuc bt ................................................................................................................................... 9

X l container thuc BVTV sch v rng ..................................................................................... 10

Cc bao b chai l bng nha Plastic v kim loi ........................................................................ 10

Cc loi bao b cha thuc bng giy v carton ........................................................................... 10

t: .................................................................................................................................................. 10

Chn vi: ......................................................................................................................................... 10

Chun b v k hoch hun luyn ....................................................................................................... 10

Dng c ............................................................................................................................................... 10

Kt qu mong i ................................................................................................................................ 11


Ti sao ti li thch bi hc ny?

Bi hc ny cung cp thng tin k thut v: cc kha cnh khc nhau ca t chc ca hng, bao gm c kim sot tn kho, vn chuyn, x l s c trn, vv,

Gip nng dn v cc i l bn thuc BVTV hiu cch x l hay c th ti s dng bao b chai l thuc BVTV.

Mua, kim tra tn kho, v t chc ca hng

Mua thuc BVTV

t hng vi s lng chnh xc ca thuc BVTV l iu cn thit mang n li ch cho mt doanh nghip. Thuc BVTV c mua vi s lng qu ln hoc sai thi im ca nm l tin vo hng tn kho, tin bc c th c s dng cho lm chuyn khc.

Hiu khch hng ca bn

Bit nhng g loi cy h trng, nhng thuc BVTV no h s dng, v bao nhiu ca tng loi thuc BVTV m h cn.

iu ny s r rng l thay i t nm ny sang nm khc, nhng mi lin h tt vi khch hng l cung cp thng tin c gi tr v cc yu cu khc nhau ca h.

Thi im mua

Thuc BVTV khc nhau l cn thit ti thi im khc nhau trong nm, khi cy c trng vo

thi im khc nhau, v dch hi tn cng vo nhng thi im khc nhau trong nm. S c s chm tr gia vic t hng v n ti ca hng. y l thi gian cn thit phi c

xem xt khi mua. Thi gian mua v giao hng c th thay i trong nm mt s nc. V d, giao hng c th

lu hn trong ma ma khi nhng con ng c th trong tnh trng xu. u t vo t hng theo lch th rt hu ch khi u t khc nhau cn phi c t hng vo

nhng thi im khc nhau.

S lng mua

Cn c vo s lng c tnh cho mi sn phm cho ma v: c t s lng ca cc sn phm hin ang tn kho t nm trc.

Ch mua yu cu trong mt nm. Khng yu cu mua nhiu hn mt nm v c ch gim gi mua nhiu. y l s th hin

tit kim tin, khi mua nhiu c th b mt tin v khng th gii quyt ht hng tn kho vo cui ma v, v nguy c ca vic nm gi hng tn kho sau ny ht hn.

Kim tra ngy ht hn khi hng tn kho c giao. Nhng sn phm c thi gian t hn mt nm l n ngy ht hn th khng nn c chp nhn.


Cht lng sn phm

Cc sn phm mua nn mua t cc nh sn xut c uy tn, nh nhp khu v nh phn phi. Hy nhn bit cc sn phm gi mo v lm th no nhn ra chng. Khng mua hng gi - n thng khng c hiu qu, c th gy nguy him, v s nh hng

n uy tn ca cc nh bn l vi khch hng.

Kim tra hng tn kho

Kim sot hng tn kho mt cch chnh xc l iu cn thit trnh s thiu ht c v d th qu sc hng tn kho, c hai u nh hng n chi ph tin bc, v trnh kh nng v hng tn kho phi c nm chc c trc ngy ht hn.

Ghi chp s sch

H s ghi chp l rt quan trng mua mt lng hng chnh xc.

S sch ghi chp phi c lu gi ring bit cho tng sn phm: o Tn sn phm o Ngy mua o S tin mua o Kch c bao gi o Tn nh cung cp o Ngy ht hn ca o Ngy v s lng bn mi loi o Cc chi tit ca ngi mua

Cn bng sn phm cn li trong kho. H s ghi chp cho thy bao nhiu ca tng loi trong kho c bn trong mt nm c c s

cho vic c tnh cc nhu cu trong tng lai. H s ghi chp cho thy c bao nhiu hng tn kho cn li cha bn ht t v trc. iu ny

cn c xem xt k c tnh mua cho ma v ti.

Qun l hng tn kho

Hng tn kho ht hn l mt vn nan gii nhiu ni trn th gii. Qun l lng hng mua v qun l hng tn kho l cng vic phi lm c th trnh c vn ny.

Hng tn kho cn phi c bn trn u tin trong C bn u tin ngoi. Ni cch khc, hng (sn phm) nhn c u tin phi c bn ra u tin, trc khi hng mi c bn.

Hng mi hn nn c gi trong khu vc lu tr thuc trong cc ca hng hoc trong mt c s ring bit, nu iu ny l c sn, vi hng c hn sn sng bn trn cc k trng by.

Nu khng c khu vc lu tr thuc c sn, hng mi s c sau k, vi hng c pha trc ca k.

T chc ca hng

T chc ca hng tt thc y an ton, gim thiu cc ri ro lin quan vi lu tr thuc BVTV, trnh mt loi sn phm b nhim n ngi khc, gip cho qun l hng ho d dng hn, v ci thin s hp dn ca ca hng cho khch hng.


Nhng ri ro chnh lin quan n tn tr thuc BVTV l chy v nhim mi trng. Thuc BVTV phi c lu gi ring. Chng khng bao gi c tn gi trong cng mt khu vc vi thc phm, ung hoc thuc cha bnh cho con ngi v ng vt. Chng cng khng c gi trong cng mt khu vc vi bt k vt liu no c th tr thnh b nhim (ging, phn bn, qun o vv). Thuc BVTV phi c tn tr trnh khi nh sng trc tip ca mt tri, nhit cao, nc v m. Nu c lu tr trn k, thuc dng kh nn c t trn thuc dng lng (trong trng hp r r ca cht lng v nhim ca cc thng cha thp hn). Thuc dit c nn c trn cc k thp nht (trong trng hp r r ca cht c v nhim ca cc thng cha thp hn). Cc chai l, bao b thng cha phi c kim tra thng xuyn m bo khng c r r. K khng nn cht qu nhiu hng ho. Cc vt liu lm sch khi thuc b r r, trn phi c sn (mn ca, ct, x, chi, xng, gng tay, mt n, chu / ti nha chc chn ht). Thit b cha chy phi c sn (bnh cha chy (bt hoc bt kh), thng ct vv.). Thit b git phi c cung cp (chu, nc, x phng, khn tm). Khng nn ht thuc, n hoc ung trong khu vc thuc tr su. Khng c quyn xm nhp tri php vo khu vc bn hng hoc lu tr. Cc thng bo Cnh bo (Khng ht thuc, v Nguy him - Thuc tr su) s c hin th. Mt khu vc ca bc tng nn c dnh cung cp thng tin p phch, t ri, v th tch khc - t vn chnh ph, su bnh hi, an ton, vv.


Vn chuyn an ton thuc BVTV

Ngi no vn chuyn thuc tr su l chu trch nhim cho vic phng cn thit. Bt cn c th dn n cc chai l, bao b cha thuc b h hng v s c trn c kh nng gy tn hi cho ngi khc v bn. Tai nn c th xy ra cho d bn ang i du lch xa nh th no, chun b mt kch bn cho trng hp xu nht. L bt u chun b vi nhng g bn hc v cn phi lm g ngn chn ri ro xy ra v bit phi lm g nu mt loi thuc tr su c .

Cch an ton nht vn chuyn thuc tr su l pha sau ca mt chic xe ti, ti x v bt k hnh khch phi trong mt phng ring. Xe ti c thp hoc tm nha lt l tt nht, d lm sch trn. Bt k loi xe m bn s dng, tt c cc container cn c bo m ng theo mt cch c th ngn chn s chuyn ng khi vn chuyn v chai phi ng thng. ng bao gi mang thuc tr su cht lng trong bung li ca xe bn v hi nh c c th c pht tn v c kh nng gy ra bnh nghim trng; n cng rt kh loi b hon ton khi c s c trn t thm sn hoc gh.

Vit Nam, hu ht nng dn s dng xe my cho nhu cu vn chuyn: bao gm thuc tr su. Mc d khng l tng, cc bin php c th c thc hin gim thiu ri ro, v d:


N th c bit quan trng vi cc bin php c m t y bo v tr em, thc phm, vv. theo di nghim ngt: bt c khi no c th vn chuyn thuc tr su trn hnh trnh ring bit.

Cc nh bn l nn tch tr v cung cp, ti nha c np ko mnh: nh mt minh ha di y.

Nu ti b v l, hoc b xy ra, lm sch xe (hoc bt k ch nhim no khc) ngay lp tc.

Tr em hoc ng vt khng bao gi nn c vn chuyn cng mt lc nh thuc tr su. Bn cng khng nn vn chuyn thuc tr su vi bt c vt liu no m c th tip xc vi thc phm, thc n hay qun o. Nu bn phi dng li trong khi vn chuyn thuc tr su, bn khng li m khng gim st: nu ai v tnh b nhim c, ch xe s phi chu trch nhim. Nu c th, gi cho thuc tr su trong mt ngn kha an ton trong xe.

Trc khi vn chuyn mt loi thuc tr su, chc chn rng bn kim tra container: chng phi cn nguyn vn, nguyn vn v c nhn c th c c. Tt c cc thng cha phi c neo, chn ngn chn khng tro ln np. Bo v container t nhit qu cao s gip duy tr hiu qu cc vt liu.

Kho thuc BVTV cho ca hng

Thuc BVTV c hin hu nhng ri ro ngay tc thi cho sc khe ca bn v mi trng. Tai nn bao gm s c trn v r r c th c nh hng sc khe v mi trng nghim trng c bit i vi tr em. Tn tr thuc BVTV k lng s lm gim nguy c cho con ngi, ng vt v mi trng. Hu ht cc nc c lut cho s tn tr thuc BVTV.

Khu vc kho tng


Mt c s bo qun cn c: Tch khi khu vc lm vic, khu vc sinh sng, v cc khu vc ni m ng vt c nui gi Trnh xa ging, mng, hoc cc ngun nc nc Trnh xa t xp v cc khu vc ni m l lt c th xy ra Trnh xa khu vc s dng ca c quan cng, tr em v ng vt Phng tin bng ng b n nhn vin cp cu Thc phm v ung khng bao gi c s dng chung cc sn phm thuc bo v thc vt.

c bit phi m bo rng sn phm x l ht ging khng c s dng chung vi thc phm hoc thc n chn nui.

Thuc dit c nn c lu tr ring bit t cc sn phm bo v cy trng khc.

Cc kho tn tr

Cc kho tn tr nn:

Ch c s dng t tr cc loi thuc tr su

c kha ngn nga s t nhp i vi ngi khng c php

c xy dng bo v chng li thi tit bt li

c lm bng vt liu chng chy

C sn khng cho php thm (vi mt ln ng gi li s c trn)

Khng c h thng thot nc sn, tr khi khp kn (v d, dn n mt bnh cha)

c thng gi tt trong mi iu kin thi tit

Phi c nh sng

C k lm bng vt liu khng hp thu thuc tr su

C h thng dy in ring ph hp

C bnh cha chy thch hp bn ngoi cc kho tn tr

D dng truy cp vo thit b khn cp v qun o bo h c nhn bn ngoi cc kho tn tr tr

C bng ch du hiu cnh bo trn li vo: Kho thuc tr su c tn tr , c vt liu d chy, khng ht thuc l.


Thc hnh kho ch thuc BVTV ti nh nng dn (hnh hng dn)

c nhn hng dn ni kho cha thuc BVTV. Thuc tr su phi c tn tr trong cc thng cha ban u c nhn gc cn nguyn vn

m bo rng cc loi thuc tr su c s dng cho cc mc ch ca n. Container phi c lu tr trong khu vc dnh cho cc loi thuc tr su. Khng bao gi lu tr

chng vi cc mt hng khc (v d nh chai nc mm, chai dm, vv! - Mt s trong s trong ging dnh nh du EC)

Container nn thng xuyn kim tra r r, nh git, r st, hoc np lng. ng bao b khi khng s dng v tn tr chng trong mt khu vc kh.

Thuc tr su tn tr trong cc thng cha gc ca n; khng lu tr thuc tr su vi thc phm v thc n chn nui

Nu bn phi chuyn ha cht qua thng, chai l cha khc, hy chc chn c ghi nhn r rng thng, chai l mi vi nhn thuc tr su ng ca n. Khng bao gi t thuc tr su vo thng cha m ai c th nhm ln vi thc n hoc ung. Trch nhim php l ri vo bn nu c ngi b gy hi do ghi nhn khng ng hoc s dng khng ph hp ca container. Nc sch nn lun lun c sn ti v tr kho tn tr ra sch khi khn cp. Nu ngun nc chy khng c sn, nn s dng mt container bt kn ln cha nc sch nn sn sng. Nc cn c thay i thng xuyn m bo an ton cho ngi s dng trn da hoc mt. Ngoi ra, mt b dng c ra mt nn c sn. Nc dng ra phi khng bao gi c php tip cn nhng ngun nc khc.

Qun l s r r ca thuc BVTV

Cc trng hp r r ca thuc


Cc containers ng thuc tr su c th bt u b r r ti cc c s bn l Trong qu trnh khi vn chuyn Bt cn trong khi pha trn v a vo bnh phun Thuc tr su c th b r r ca thit b b li hoc khng m bo np phun Thit hi c th xy ra do r r ca thuc tr su

- nhim mi trng - Tc hi n sc khe cng ng: c bit l nu tr em khi tip cn vi nhng ni

thuc tr su c s dng

Cch no qun l mt s trn/r r ca thuc BVTV

Nu thuc BVTV b r r hay trn xy ra, bn nn lm theo cch sau y: Gi ngi v ng vt ra khi khu vc b nhim Khng ht thuc hoc s dng n pht la gn ni ri vi (do thuc tr su rt d chy) Mc qun o bo h cho cc hot ng lm sch Loi b cc gi b h hng v t chng trn mt b mt khng thm nc hoc t trng, trnh

xa nhng ging cung cp nc S dng t hoc mn ca hp th cht lng, qut ln mt cch cn thn v x l mt cch

thch hp Lm nh th th khng c kh nng gy nhim ging v ng nc Phi ra tht sch tt c cc phn nhim ca xe, trnh xa ging v ng nc: x l nc

ra thch hp

Cc ti liu sau y l cn thit lm sch mt s r r hay trn: Qun o bo h. Vt liu thm, nh ct hoc mn ca trn vi vi (vi trung ha cc sn phm). Ti c bit hoc thng cha cht thi c hi. Len hoc xung phng. X. Ni lau, bn chi.


Hon tt cc bc sau y lm sch mt trn / r r container: 1. Gi ngi v ng vt khi ni b . 2. Bo v bn thn bng cch mc PPE, 3. Dng ng container, nu c th, trnh b thm. 4. Xung quanh ch trn phi c trnh s ly nhim hn na (trong trng hp ca mt cht

lng). 5. T ln ngm ch b trn vi ct hoc mn ca (trong trng hp ca mt cht lng). 6. Xi v gom n li mt cch cn thn v vt b trong ti c bit hoc container. 7. Lm sch ni trn bng nc v x phng. 8. Lm sch bn thn v qun o bo h ca bn.

Phi lm g vi bao b thuc tr su c s dng?

Lm sch bao b thuc c s dng

Dng lng Sc ra ba ln

Thng cha, bao b, chai l ca thuc BVTV dng lng s dng nn c ra sch ba ln vo bnh trc khi phun xt bnh cui cng loi b d lng thuc.

nc ra t chai l vo bnh ri phun cho ti khi dng phun chy chm li n nh git. nc vo chai l chim mt phn t Vn np chai li v lc u. nc ra vo bnh phun v phun cho n khi dng chm li n nh git. Lp li cc bc ra hai ln na. Lm thng cc chai cha n khng th c ti s dng v b n vo h cha mt cch an

ton

Dng thuc bt

Thng, bao b cha thuc BVTV dng bt s dng ht thuc nn lc cn thn vo bnh phun cho n khi khng c bt ri ra, sc bao b 3 ln nh dang lng v b chng vo ni an ton.


X l container thuc BVTV sch v rng

Thuc BVTV dng lng thng c lm t kim loi v nha, trong khi thng cha thuc BVTV dng bt thng c lm t ba cc tng v giy. Nhng yu cu cc bc khc nhau trong x l tu vo Lut nh ca Quc gia hay vng lnh th . Nhiu quc gia hin ang cm ti cc trang tri chn lp hoc t cc thng cha thuc tr su c s dng.

Ti Vit Nam, ngoi vn cm t, chn vi cc bao b s dng ca thuc BVTV cn cm mua bn hay ti s dng phc v cho cc hot ng ca con ngi.

Cc bao b chai l bng nha Plastic v kim loi

Chun b h cha x l chai l bng cch ra ba ln v sau ph hy thng qua m thng hay bp mo n khng th c s dng cho cc mc ch khc.

KHNG BAO GI s dng cc thng cha thuc BVTV cho mc ch no khc. Gi trong bao b kn ln, v c kha ti cc ca hng thuc BVTV cho n khi x l. Nu c nhng tn ti trong mt quc gia, x l thng qua nh thu x l cht thi nguy hi

c cp php, cc bi chn lp c cp php, hoc l t c cp php cho cc bao b cha c th c t chy.

Nu c php trong nc, t chy bao b nha trong l t v chn tro, hoc chn cc thng cha trong mt ci h x l rc thi c bit.

Cc loi bao b cha thuc bng giy v carton

t:

Ch c t cc bao b rng sau khi s dng nu c php ca Lut nc . Tiu hy thuc tr su cn li trong mt container i hi t mt nhit cao. Mt ng la bnh thng l khng , khi nhit ch 300-500oC. Mt l t thch hp, ng quy cch mi c s dng, trong cung cp mt nhit 1,000-1,200oC v c s theo di cht cc loi kh thi ra mi trng lng ti thiu cho php.

Chn vi:

Ch c chn vi cc bao b rng sau khi s dng nu c php ca Lut nc . Vit Nam khng cho php chn vi.

Chun b v k hoch hun luyn

Dng c

Giy kh ln.

Kp giy, bt lng to, th mu, keo dnh, bng ghim v ghim

Cc mu bao b thuc BVTV 'trng'

Container / chai l (y nc) vi np b h hng ( xem lm th no r r / trn cht lng)

Vt liu lm sch trn / r r ca thuc BVTV

p phch qun l thuc BVTV (v d nh c th nhn c t CropLife International)


Kt qu mong i

Cc nh bn l s tho lun v tr nn quen thuc hn vi:

Cc bin php vn chuyn thuc BVTV (v x l s c trn)

Cc bin php thc hnh bo qun tt

Thc hnh ng dng mi: ra v x l chai l, bao b.

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tài liệu tập huấn đại lý thuốc bvtv bài 6