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Qeclbkb ae ili`bz {elzf}bi`

iw`bkiqe ulf} w}fau{e i`boelqi}e

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Muqu}b

Iw}ekbe}ei `f} {elzf}bi` {e hike lq}/f{ukke{bule ki}e lkewe ku:

iw}ekbe}ei xbzui` / `bowbabqiqei b ku`fi}ei,aediji}ei ae dize,

esioelu` f`hikqbx / i}fo, mukceq, ob}f{u}babxe}{e,

esioelu` du{qiqbx / {ixfi}ei, i`kff`u`,ikbabqiqei, qilblu`, zic}u`

@i iw}ekbe}ei abxe}{e`f} ki}ikqe}b{qbkb q}emube {{e bl {eioi ae ki}ikqe}u` {wekbhbk i` hbek}ebmuqu}b

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Muqu}b }kf}bqfi}e @i muqu}b`e }kf}bqfi}e w}ewi}iqe abl {b}fw ae

zic}b kflkelq}iqe ae w`ilqe esfqbke, h}ukqe, kuiaif{ ae ikbzb f}dilbkb i`boelqi}b, bow}edliqeku abfsba ae ki}mfl {e iw}ekbiz:

i{wekqu`, ku`fi}ei, ob}f{u`, du{qu`,

{iqu}ibi l abfsba ae ki}mfl@i w}ewi}i}e {e hik qe{qe w}bxbla ki`bqiqei

{b}fwu`ub b i ioe{qeku`ub {b}fw/iw

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l kizu` muqu}b`f} ae qbw Kf`i lau`kbqe{e iw}ekbiz:

i}foi,

ki`bqiqei ioe{qeku`ub {b}fw/iw

w`blqiqei aik {b}fwu` e{qe l eske{hi ae hf}ou`i }ekfoilaiq, xi iw}ei{elzibi ae `bwbkbf{,

du{qu`,

i{wekqu`

7/31/2019 Tehnici de analiz senzorial aplicate unor produse alimentare

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Me}eIw}ekbe}ei ME]BB lkewe ku esiobli}ei i{wekqu`ub

esqe}bf} i` {qbk`e`f} #ku}iqe, lkcb{e e}oeqbk, h} u}oe aek`eb, eqbkceqe`e iw`bkiqe ulbhf}o, h}lk}ebqu}b, eqk"

Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei ki`bqb`f} {elzf}bi`e i`e me}bb,w}fme`e {e oelbl qbow ae f f} `i lqule}bk, `iqeowe}iqu}i ae 97/9=7K

Aedu{qi}ei {e hike l kioe}e {wekbi`e, h} ob}f{{q}blb ku f `uobl{`im

Me}ei {e qfi}l boeabiq auw aekiw{u`i}e l wici}e ae

{qbk`blkf`f}, ae kiwikbqiqe ae =57 o` Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei i{wekqu`ub, ob}f{u`ub b du{qu`ub,

me}ei {e qfi}lh}{wuo

Aedu{qi}ei {e hike boeabiq ke {e qfi}l l wici}, {e

mei lf}oi` kki 977 o`

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Ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e {elzf}bi`e ki}e {e iw}ekbiz {ulq: ob}f{u`, du{qu`,w`blqiqei, xfbkbulei b {wuoi}ei

Ob}f{u` e{qe aeqe}obliq hbe ae oi`, hbe ae cioeb ki}e iaukeu`ebu}b`e e{elbi`e {wekbhbke

oib wfiqe iw}ei mukcequ` ae wbxlb, ke` aeqe}obliq aew}fau{e`e {ekulai}e ae he}oelqibe: i`kff`b {uwe}bf}b, ikbzb,e{qe}b, eqk

l kizu` ikkbaelqe`f} ae him}bkibe wfq { iwi} ob}f{u}bilf}oi`e #ae xekcb, ae m}lz, ae wi{qeu}bziq, du{q ae wblei}{"

Du{qu` abhe} ae `i }edbule `i }edbule b ae `i w}faukqf} `iw}faukqf} l dele}i` {e ab{qbld afu qbwu}b ae du{qu}b:

du{q ke {e aexe`fweiz l du}> du{q }eoilelq / {elzibi we}{b{q b }ole l dq b we}obqe

{e{bzi}ei hblebb oib oi}b {iu oib obkb i io}e`bb

W`blqiqei e{qe aeqe}obliq ae kflbluqu` ae kf`fbzb i` me}bbki}e, uala blqe}bf}u` du}bb w}fxfik {elzibi ae -uow`e}e idu}bb-

Xfbkbulei e{qe aeqe}obliq ae dizu` ki}mflbk }ebluq l me}eki}e, `i aedu{qi}e, aedijlau/{e we wiwb`e`e du{qiqbxe wi}qbkbw`i {elzibiid}eimb` i me}bb

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Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei {wuoeb {e hf`f{eqe ulwici} ae {qbk` {umb}e blkf`f}, mble {w`iq baed}e{iq, ixla f hf}o ae aboel{bulb{wekbi`e

Me}ei, `i qeowe}iqu}i ae 97/9=7K, {e qfi}l lwici} i{qhe` lkq jequ` { kia iw}fsboiqbx weisi ae `i f l`boe ;7 oo aei{uw}i oi}dblbb{uwe}bfi}e i wici}u`ub

[wuoi {e kfl{bae} kf}e{wulzqfi}e aik

boeabiq auw qu}li}ei me}bb i}e fl`boe ae ;7/17 oo, bi} au}iqi wl `i ab{wi}bbi eb qfqi`e{qe ae oblbo ; obluqe

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8;

98=

974

51

=7

Wici} welq}uiw}ekbe}ei {wuoeb

me}bb

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Xbll kizu` XBLU@UB, ili`bzi {elzf}bi` }ew}ezblq{bldu}i ofai`bqiqe ae iw}ekbe}e i ki`bqbb

Ili`bz kcbobk b obk}fmbf`fdbk hu}lbzeiz f{e}be ae blhf}oibb w}bxbla kfowfzbbi, {qi}ei ae

{lqiqe {iu }ezb{qeli `i i`qe}}b

Kflabbb {wekbhbke ae aedu{qi}e: wici}e`e ae aedu{qi}e,

f}ablei ae w}ezelqi}e i w}fme`f}, w}edqb}eiw}ei`imb` i ike{qf}i, uqb`bzi}ei ulub xfkimu`i} iaekxiq

97

7/31/2019 Tehnici de analiz senzorial aplicate unor produse alimentare

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Wici}e`e ae aedu{qi}e {ulq abl {qbk` q}il{wi}elq,{umb}e, h} aehf}oibb, e`e lu q}emube { aehf}oezeku`fi}e b `bowbabqiqei xblu`ub

Hf}oi e{qe i{eolqfi}e ku i h`f}bb ae `i`ei {iu fxi` kflkelq}eiz i}foi b mukcequ` xblu`ub, w}ekuo b ob}f{u}b`e{q}ble, `i wi}qei {uwe}bfi}

Wici}u` blqe}libfli`e ae aedu{qi}e i xblu`ub e{qe ae qbw-`i`ei-, abl {qbk` blkf`f}, qbw -k}b{qi`bl-b i}e kiwikbqiqe

ae =95 o@Welq}u aedu{qi}ei xblu}b`f} {wuoilqe:

wici}e kflbke, ku du}i `i}d, ki}e we}obq iw}ekbe}ei we}`iju`ub bi {wuoeb

oijf}bqiqei qbwu}b`f} ae wici}e iu wbkbf}, welq}u i {e exbqi

kflqikqu` we}eb`f}ku oliWelq}u xblu}b`e }fbb:

{e wfq hf`f{b b keqb {iu kuwe {wekbi`e i}dblqiqe, ke iu lblqe}bf}, l wi}qei blhe}bfi}, kflxesbqb b ialkbqu}b ki}e, w}bl}eh`esbi `uoblbb, we}obq iw}ekbe}ei oib ufi} i `bowbabqbb,

ku`f}bb bluile`f}

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Wici} welq}u aedu{qi}ei xblu`ub

18

977

55

2

85

85

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xblu}b ae oi{ 9=/957K

xblu}b }fbb 95/=77K

xblu}b {wuoilqe 3/977K xblu}b ae{e}q =77K

Qeowe}iqu}b`e xblu}b`f} {uwu{e esioelu`ub{elzf}bi`:

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F}ablei ae w}ezelqi}elqb xblu}b`e k`i{bke b iwfb ke`e{wekbi`e, bi} l kia}u` hbek}eb d}uwe:

xblu}b lei}foiqe #i`me, }fze, }fbb" xblu}b i}foiqe #xblu}b ae ae{e}q liqu}i`e, ae

ae{e}q ioe`bf}iqe b xblu}b ae{e}q i}foiqe"

lqfqaeiuli {e lkewe aedu{qi}ei kuxblu}b {ekb, auw ki}e {e w}ezblq ke`e kuzic}> ke`e {`im i`kff`bke b ke`e qi}b> xblu}blfb b `i u}o xblu}b xekcb

@i f aedu{qi}e {e iw}ekbiz ke` ou`q =7w}fme

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Ki}ikqe}b{qbkb u}o}bqe:9 `bowbabqiqei= ku`fi}ei

; d}iau` ae {wuoi}e b ae jfk i`xblu`ub1 ob}f{u`5 du{qu`

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9 @bowbabqiqei

iw}ekbe}ei {e }ei`bzeiz iqq l `uoblq}il{wi}elq kq b l `uobl }eh`ekqiq{iu l `fku}b lqulekfi{e ku ijuqf}u`

`owbb e`ekq}bke, iezla wici}u` ku xbllq}e fkcbb w}bxbqf}u`ub b {u}{i ae `uobl>

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= Ku`fi}ei

Q}emube { kf}e{wula qbwu`ub, {fbu`ub,{f}qboelqu`ub b x}{qeb xblu`ub

`i xblu}b`e i`me lkewe ae `i blkf`f}b oe}de

wl `i di`mel lkcb{, ku luile wf}qfki`bb> xblu}b`e `bkf}fi{e iu, ae fmbkeb, f ku`fi}eoiblkcb{,i{eolqfi}e ku`f}bb keibu`ub, kuluile wf}qfki`bb, iu}bb b }fze>

`i xblu}b`e }fbb {e iw}ekbiz blqel{bqiqei bluili ku`f}bb

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; D}iau` ae {wuoi}e b ae jfk i` xblu`ub

@i xblu}b`e {wuoilqeb {wuofi{e e{qeleke{i} { {e iw}ekbeze we}{b{qeli{wuo}bb b -jfku`- mu`e`f} ae KF=>

welq}u ki}ikqe}bzi}ei {wuoeb {e hf`f{e{kqe}oelbb: bl{qimb`,{qimb` ku mu`e obkb, kumu`e oi}b, ael{, oib wublael{

Oelble}ei {wuoeb e{qe ul e`eoelq i`ki`bqbb

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1 Ob}f{u`[e esiobleiz l {kfwu` iw}ekbe}bb i}foeb {iu

mukcequ`ub w}ekuo b i w}ezeleb ulf} ob}f{u}b{q}blei}foi ? kfow`es ae abhe}bqe ob}f{u}b>

i}foi w}boi}, ku ob}f{ {wekbhbk ae h}ukq,

hbbla ki}ikqe}b{qbk {fbu`ub #Ou{kiq Fqfle`,Qobfi{, Wblfq, [iuxbdlfl, eqk" i}foi {ekulai}, ke {e {uw}iwule we{qe

kei w}boi} ki ehekq i` he}oelqibeb i`kff`bke

i}foi blabk ob}f{u` ulub xbl ql}mukcequ` ? ioe{qek ae i}foe kfow`ese,ki}ikqe}b{qbke xblu`ub oiqu}bziq l muqfibe b lxekcbql {qbk`e

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5 Du{qu`I}e f bowf}qil cfq}qfi}e `i aedu{qi}eixblu`ub b }ew}ezblq blabke`e ae miz `i

iw}ekbe}ei {elzf}bi`>W}blkbwi`e`e e`eoelqe`e exi`uiqe {ulq:

blqel{bqiqei b ki`bqiqei, i}oflbi kfowflelqe`f}

kiqbhe`i}ei du{qu`ub #e{qe ki`bqiqei kei oib ae{eio i xblu}b`f} }fbb> qe}oelb {wekbhbkb: {uw`u,kiqbhe`iq, ab{qbl{, e`edilq, hbl",

q}bi i`kff`bk #{e aef{eme{k xblu}b ufi}e, {`ime{iu wubl i`kff`bke, qi}b, i`kff`bke",

ikbabqiqei #qe}oelb {wekbhbkb: xbl {ei}ma {iu w`iqwelq}u ike`ei ku ikbabqiqe bl{uhbkbelq> ikba b i{w}uwelq}u ke`e ku du{q ikba w}fluliq",

au`keii#bl{uhbkbelq,w`kuq,i}oflbk,lew`kuq,eske{bx,}e{wbldqfi}e",

=7

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i{q}bldeli #lu iwi}e `i xblu}b`e i`me>qe}oelb {wekbhbkb: wubl i{q}bldelq, i{q}bldelq,

au}, i{w}u qilblf{", esq}ikqbxbqiqei {iu kf}wf`eli#kflbluqu` l

esq}ikq / xbl iwf{, w`bl, esq}ikqbx, d}efb>xblu}b`e }fbb {ulq oib kf}wf`elqe aekq ke`e

i`me, bi} ke`e fmbluqe abl {q}udu}b {uw}ikfwb{ulq oib mfdiqe l esq}ikq aekq ke`e fmbluqeabl {q}udu}b kfwb"

Ul xbl e{qe kiqbhe`iq iqulkb kla e{qe mfdiq lesq}ikq, {um{qile wekqbke b i}e ul kflbluq obkae {um{qile qililqe

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l hbli`, kflqeiz bow}e{bi dele}i` iaedu{qqf}u`ub

Qe}oelb {wekbhbkb: }fqula #i}oflbf{", hbl, mble kfl{qbqubq,

eske`elq, leuq}u, qi}e i`kff`bk, kiqbhe`iq,

of`iqbk, m}uq, oiqu}, q}ekuq, lei}oflbf{

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Qeclbki aedu{q}bb

[e qfi}l xblu` l wici}e {wekbi`e, kki 9&; abl

xf`uou` ike{qubi9 w}bou` qbow i` aedu{q}bb / aedu{qi}ei w}bl f`hikbe /we}obqe {e{bzi}ei i}foeb b mukcequ`ub, w}ekuo bblqel{bqiqei b ki`bqiqei ike{qf}i esiobli}ei i{wekqu`ub b iw}ekbe}ei `bowbabqbb

blbbi`, xblu` {e ob}fi{e l }ewif{ b {e lfqeizblqel{bqiqei ob}f{u`ub, bi} iwfb, welq}u i blqel{bhbkixf`iqb`bzi}ei ququ}f} kfowflelqe`f} xf`iqb`e, {e xibow}boi f ufi}obki}ekb}ku`i} wici}u`ub, ki}e {eauke ae oib ou`qe f}b `i l}b, bl{wb}la iqelq b

w}fhula b, l {h}bq, {e auke wici}u` `i muze, we ki}e`e lq}eae{kcbae welq}u ki bl{wb}ibi { {ew}e`uldei{kb{ {e ikkelqueze

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= i` afb`ei qbow i` aedu{q}bb {e bi l du} f kilqbqiqe ae xbl i{qhe` lkq

`bomi { hbe l lq}edboe {k`aiq ae ike{qi bf }babk ku `bomi {w}e blq}i}ei hf{e`f} lizi`e,welq}u i we}kewe oib mble {um{qile`eob}f{bqfi}e, iwfb {e ldcbqejuoqiqe>

l ike{q ofoelq, {e lq}eae{kcba uf}muze`e,

{e bl{wb} ul -hb}- uf}ae ie} ki}e, hkla ulobk qb}ij, {elki}k ku qfiqe i}foe`e b uow`eke}u` du}bb

; i` q}eb`ei qbow i` aedu{q}bb

-{e oe{qek- }e{qu` xblu`ub iw}ekbblau/{eki`bqiqei b blqel{bqiqei du{qu`ub w}ekuo bi}oflbi kfowflelqe`f}

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Exi`ui}ei ki`bqbb

Hbeki}e ki}ikqe}b{qbk i xblu`ub {e lfqeiz ku uliluobq wulkqij, kflhf}o uleb {kceoe {qimb`bqe lw}ei`imb`

Welq}u exi`u}b`e uzui`e, ke`e oib hf`f{bqe {ulq

{b{qeoe`e ku =7 wulkqe@i iw}ekbe}ei uleb w}fme {e biu l kfl{bae}i}e:`bowbabqiqei, ob}f{u` #blqel{bqiqe, ki`bqiqe",du{qu` #blqel{bqiqe, ki`bqiqe", bow}e{bi dele}i`,i}oflbi

l hulkbe ae luo}u` ae wulkqe ae weli`bzi}e {ehike k`i{bhbki}ei

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Kihei

Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei io}e`bb b q}beb qe{qu` {eehekqueiz `i 877K

Kiheiui qi}e b ioi} i}e f ku`fi}e m}ul/

lkcb{ Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei i}foeb {e bl{wb} ialk,

oelbllakeiki `i =/; ko ae l}b, {e kfmfi}lkeq b {e bl{wb} abl lfu ku du}i ae{kcb{

Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei du{qu`ub {e bi f ldcbbqu} b{e k`qeqe du}i auw ki}e {e i}ulk

http://www.google.ro/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cumparaieftin.ro/userfiles/poze_produse/Supermarket/cafea_jacobs_kronung.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.targetshop.ro/magazine/Cumpara-Ieftin/6-page.html&h=300&w=300&sz=90&tbnid=aCSA0IdxShMklM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOZE%2BCU%2BCAFEA%2Biacobs&hl=ro&usg=__J1RAR9trwizXoawmoKExX6hCgIM=&ei=9oX5SqqwAoOInQPZ8ti4Cg&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=3&ct=image&ved=0CA0Q9QEwAghttp://media2.gruprc.ro/photo/thumbs/352_/102007/de46f4e2f4c8660e888e5416f36d870d.jpghttp://images04.olx.ro/ui/2/12/88/19380488_1.jpg

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@iwqe b w}fau{e `ikqiqe

Ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e {elzf}bi`e i`e w}fau{e`f}`ikqiqe {ulq:

i{wekqu`, ku`fi}ei, w}fw}beqb`e }ef`fdbke, i}foi {e iw}ekbiz w}bl oeqfae

{umbekqbxe b fmbekqbxe

http://www.google.ro/imgres?imgurl=http://zing.ro/imagini/economie/ue%2520va%2520reintroduce%2520subventiile%2520la%2520unt%2520bra-3885.jpg&imgrefurl=http://3210.ro/ana%2520maria%2520branza.html&h=257&w=300&sz=21&tbnid=A4mepWVLPv3HmM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpoze%2Bcu%2Blapte%2Bsi%2Bunt,%2Bbranzeturi&hl=ro&usg=__FY9m5bzHWHOMjW0epUNJPM9PUDg=&ei=m_H3Ssf-H4bAmQPNnLy0Aw&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=2&ct=image&ved=0CAkQ9QEwAQhttp://www.monor.ro/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=3&category_id=4&manufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=26

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@iwqe

Ki`bqb`e {elzf}bi`e abhe} hulkbe ae qbw: `iwqek}ua, wi{qeu}bziq, {qe}b`bziq, kflkelq}iq {iuw}ih

ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e w}blkbwi`e {ulq ob}f{u` bdu{qu`, `i ki}e {e iaiud i{wekqu` k}eof{ `i`iwqe`e k}ua, kf`f}ibi `i `iwqe`e {qe}b`bziq,kflkelq}iq {iu w}ih, x{kfzbqiqei `i `iwqe`e

kflkelq}iq {e w}ikqbk iw}ekbe}ei w}bl wulkqij, abl 977

wulkqe, 15 }ehe}blau/{e `i i}fo

http://www.monor.ro/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=3&category_id=4&manufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=26

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UlqIw}ekbe}ei {e hike `i w}fme kfl{e}xiqe `i 977Kqbow ae 97 zb`e

Ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e b ofau` ae iw}ekbe}e {ulq}eaiqe ae [QI[/u}b: ku`fi}e, i{wekq, bowu}bhbki}e / {e esiobleiz

xbzui` luili, `ukbu` l {ekbulew}fi{wq, u}oe aebowu}bqb>

kfl{b{qeli `i 97/9=7K / {e esiobleiz aikkfl{b{qeli e{qe flkqui{, kfowikq b aik l{ekbule {uw}ihii e{qe kflqblu b fofdel, {ebaelqbhbk aehekqe`e #{h}obkbf{, ul{u}f{">

ob}f{ b du{q> oi`isi}e b}ewi}qbbi iweb / {e esiobleiz ulqu` l

{ekbulew}fi{wq, fm{e}xlau/{e wbkqu}b`e xbzbmb`eae iwb i df`u}b`f} ae ie}

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M}lzequ}b

We `ld ob}f{ b du{q {e iw}ekbiz b: w}fw}beqb`e wi{qeb, ku`fi}ei, i{wekqu`, hf}oi

[e iw}ekbiz: w}ezeli df`u}b`f} ki luo} b ab{wfzbbe, w}ezeli hb{u}b`f} ki}e blabk f h}bimb`bqiqe eske{bx b

{ulq kfl{bae}iqe ul aehekq ae ki`bqiqe

I}foi, ki b `i xblu}b, aeqe}obl f dio xi}biqae {elzibb f`hikqbxe b du{qiqbxe b e{qe abhbkb` aeiw}ekbiq

;7

http://www.monor.ro/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=22&category_id=5&manufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=26http://melkartcom.bizoo.ro/vanzare/127904/Produse-posthttp://maxicomp.bizoo.ro/vanzare/251262/Proiect-tehnologie-fabrica-de-mezeluri--carne

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Ki}le b w}ewi}iqe abl ki}le

Ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e {elzf}bi`e {ulq: ku`fi}ei,wuqe}ei ae }eble}e i iweb, au}bqiqei,{ixfi}ei, {uku`eli

wuqe}ei ae }eble}e i iweb / i}iq blqel{bqiqeiku ki}e ki}lei }eble iwi we ki}e f kflble,iqulkb kla e{qe {uwu{ `i abxe}{e q}iqioelqekuo i} hb hbe}me}ei, qfki}ei b {e esw}bo w}blkilqbqiqei ae {uk wbe}auq l qbowu` ike{qf}

q}iqioelqe {uku`eli / e{qe `ediq ae wuqe}ei ae }eble}e i

iweb

http://melkartcom.bizoo.ro/vanzare/127904/Produse-posthttp://maxicomp.bizoo.ro/vanzare/251262/Proiect-tehnologie-fabrica-de-mezeluri--carne

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@i w}ewi}iqe ae ki}le

[e iw}ekbiz: i{wekqu` esqe}bf}, ku`fi}ei,

kfl{b{qel,

i{wekqu` l {ekbule,

ob}f{u`, du{qu`

Ki {ukke{bule ae aedu{qi}e i abhe}bqe`f} qbwu}b{e }ekfoila:

w}ewi}iqe`e hbe}qe, iwfb ke`e {eobihuoiqe, w}f{wqu}b`e, bi} `i {h}bq {i`iou}b`e ihuoiqe

lq}e aedu{qi}ei abhe}bqe`f} d}uwe e{qe leke{i} { {ehik wiuze ae 97/95 obluqe

http://www.reinert.ro/

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D}{bob`e[e iw}ekbiz i}foi w}fw}be {iu kei kwqiq l qbowu`w}ewi}}bbKi qe{qe ae ili`bz welq}u aeqe}obli}ei i}foeb {ulquqb`bziqe:

oeqfai q}buldcbu`ub ae baelqbhbki}e, oeqfai we}ekce ae kfowi}i}e,

qe{qu` ae k`i{bhbki}e Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei i{wekqu`ub, l kizu` u`ebu}b`f} xedeqi`e

i`boelqi}e, {e hike fm{e}xi}ei xbzui` i `bowbabqbb,{q}`ukb}bbb ku`f}bb, w}bl kfowi}i}e ku w}fau{e ae }ehe}bl

Welq}u iw}ekbe}ei qesqu}bb, `i d}{bob`e ae qbwu` oi}di}bleb,{e hf`f{e{k f}dile`e qikqb`e, bi} ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e fm{e}xiqe{ulq: au}bqiqei, uu}bli ae ku}de}e, h}bimb`bqiqei

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Kfl{e}xe ae h}ukqe b

`eduoe

Ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`e {elzf}bi`e {e esiobleizl u}oqfi}ei f}able

he`u` b {qi}ei iomi`iju`ub, oi}ki}ei,

i{wekqu` iomi`ije`f} #`i esqe}bf} b blqe}bf}", i{wekqu` kflbluqu`ubauw q}ilzxizi}e, ku`fi}ei, kfl{b{qeli, du{qu`

ob}f{u`

Esioelu` {elzf}bi` {e ehekqueiz kflhf}o[QI[/u}b`f}

http://www.google.ro/imgres?imgurl=http://www.revistafelicia.ro/uploads/modules/news/1001142/1001142_poza_1163557642.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.revistafelicia.ro/articol_1001142/sezonul_muraturilor.html&h=320&w=420&sz=36&tbnid=IfV_YWMUDVwx3M:&tbnh=95&tbnw=125&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpoze%2Bcu%2Bconserve%2Bdin%2Blegume%2Bsi%2Bfructe&hl=ro&usg=__NypslqDxNb3iNaqJ08nzP68Cv3Y=&ei=CsD6Sq7mEJPCmQPy5YWzCg&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=2&ct=image&ved=0CAkQ9QEwAQ

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W}fau{e zici}fi{e

[e esiobleiz:

`i esqe}bf} / ku`fi}ei, hf}oi, aboel{buleiw}fau{u`ub, leulbhf}obqb`e>

`i blqe}bf} / fofdelbqiqei, kfl{b{qeli,

liqu}i uow`uqu}bb

http://images.google.ro/imgres?imgurl=http://img.delly.ro/images/uploads/praj300.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.delly.ro/reteta/Lifestyle-culinar/2323/Dulciurile-I.html&usg=__nib2DxAdM1eVaLy1ytRZH1A2R_g=&h=300&w=200&sz=32&hl=ro&start=3&um=1&tbnid=6-7GiGCtEFNcmM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=77&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dproduse%2Bzaharoase%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Dro%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

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Ili`bzi bl{q}uoelqi` i

ki`bqb`f} {elzf}bi`e

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Aeqe}obli}ei bl{q}uoelqi` i ku`f}bb

w}fau{e`f} i`boelqi}e

[e wfq hf`f{b oib ou`qe oeqfae aeaeqe}obli}e:

miziqe we im{f}mbib }eh`esbi `uoblbb>

we mizi kff}afliqe`f} q}bk}foiqbkeblqe}libfli`e KBE #Kfob{biBlqe}libfli` ae B`uobli}e">

l {b{qeou` Oul{e``>

l {b{qeou` Culqe}/Di}ale}

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9 Aeqe}obli}ei ku`f}bb w}bl im{f}mbib }eh`esbi `uoblbb

kf`f}boeq}bi #oeqfai kfowi}}bb kueqi`file b oeqfai edi`}bb blqel{bqbbku`f}b`f}">

hfqfoeq}bi>

hfqfkf`f}boeq}bi>

{wekq}fhfqfoeq}bi

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We}kewbi ku`f}bb e{qe `bobqiq ae {u}{i ae `uobl,f}dilb{ou` uoil lewuqla {we}keiw ku`fi}ei

l im{eli uleb {u}{e ae `uobl

Kfob{bi Blqe}libfli` ae B`uobli}e i {qimb`bqul {b{qeo blqe}libfli` iafwqiq welq}u{qilai}abzi}ei ku`f}bb, aeluobq {b{qeou`SRZ

Ike{q {b{qeo aehbleqe ku`fi}ei w}bli{wekqe`e {i`e hbzbke b w{bcf`fdbke

= Aeqe}obli}ei ku`f}bb we mizi kff}afliqe`f}q}bk}foiqbke blqe}libfli`e KBE

17

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Ku`f}b`e w}boi}e }fbe / ? 477 lo,

xe}ae / ? 518,9 lo, i`mi{q}u / ? 1;5,3 lo,

l{eoliqe kflxelbfli` ku S, R, Z, {uw}iwu{e,}ew}fauk i`mu` {qilai}a

F ku`fi}e wfiqe hb fmbluq w}blioe{qeki}ei kf}e{wulzqfi}e i q}eb}iabibb{e`ekbfliqe>

17

19

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; Aeqe}obli}ei ku`f}bb l {b{qeou`

Oul{e``

I}e q}eb kff}afliqe: luil,

blqel{bqiqe #{iu k}fo"

{q}`ukb}e #xi`fi}e"

Ul kf}w i}e oib ou`qe luile welq}u hbeki}e mila aeh}ekxel abl ku}mi {wekq}fhfqfoeq}bk

Welq}u hbeki}e mila kf}e{wulae ul wulkq l {wibu, bi}il{iom`u` ike{qf} wulkqe aehbleqe {uw}ihiii{eolqfi}e ulub kf}w {f`ba / {f`bau` ae ku`fi}e

19

1=

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Aeqe}obli}ei bl{q}uoelqi` i i}foeb

w}fau{e`f} i`boelqi}e

I}foi ulub w}fau{ i`boelqi} e{qe aiq aeqfqi`bqiqei {um{qile`f} ki}e kflq}bmube `idu{qu` b ob}f{u` ike{qubi

[um{qile`e ae i}fo wfq hb: lexf`iqb`e #oijf}bqiqei {um{qile`f}ae du{q" xf`iqb`e #oijf}bqiqei {um{qile`f}ae ob}f{"

F `i}d iw`bkibe f i}e k}foiqfd}ihbi lhizdizfi{

1=

Aeqe}obli}ei bl{q}uoelqi` i1;

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Aeqe}obli}ei bl{q}uoelqi` i

ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`f} }ef`fdbkeAbl wulkq ae xeae}e i` ku}de}bb, w}fau{e`e

i`boelqi}e ku {q}ukqu} h`uba {e lkia}eiz lafu qbwu}b ae miz: w}fau{e h`ubae letqflbele #`i ki}e x{kfzbqiqei

lu {e ofabhbk faiq ku ofabhbki}ei xbqezeb ae

hf}heki}e, lu iu w}fw}beqb e`i{qbke, ku}de}ei w}blkflaukqe e{qe `blbi} b qe`e{kfwbk / {q}iqu}b`eblqe}bfi}e ku}d ku f xbqez oib oi}e aekq ke`eesqe}bfi}e"

{f`ubb ae zic}#{b}fwu}b`e", `iwqe, u`ebu}b

w}fau{e h`ubae le/letqflbele #}ezb{qeli `iku}de}e {e ofabhbkfaiq ku xbqezi ae hf}heki}e"

neqkcuw, {wuoe abl i`mu ae fu, kbfkf`iqi qfwbq,ulqu`, oi}di}ble, oibflezi, obe}ei ae i`mble, {uwe

1;

11

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Aeqe}obli}ei ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`f} }ef`fdbke i`e

w}fau{e`f} ku {q}ukqu} h`uba

W}blkbwi`i w}fw}beqiqe }ef`fdbk e{qex{kfzbqiqei ki}e, {e }e`beheiz w}blaehf}oi}ei {um ikbulei ulf} qel{bulb

qildelbi`e, w}fwf}bfli`e ku xbqezi aeaehf}oi}e

Ku}mi ae x{kfzbqiqe wfi}q aeluob}ei

ae }efd}io Qbwu}b ae x{kfzboeq}e uqb`bziqe: F{qti`a,

Eld`e}, }fqiqbx, Cfww`e}

11

15

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Aeqe}obli}ei ki}ikqe}b{qbkb`f} }ef`fdbke i`ew}fau{e`f} ku {q}ukqu} {f`ba

[e }ei`bzeiz ku iwi}iqe luobqekfl{b{qfoeq}e

blla kflq ae hf}oi b ofau` ae ikbule i`e`eoelqu`ub ae miz, kfl{b{qfoeq}e`e wfq hb:

weleq}foeq}e #es hf`f{bqe welq}uaeqe}obli}ei kfl{b{qeleb wi{qeb aeqfoiqe",

qesqu}foeq}e,

oiqu}foeq}e, de`foeq}e, hbm}foeq}e, w`i{qboeq}e

15