Temur sapiris xsovnas

damoukidebeli ebrauli gazeTi saqarTveloSi

gamodis 1993 wlismartidan

`MENORA~ INDEPENDENT JEWISH NEWSPAPER IN GEORGIA

`МЕНОРА~ НЕЗАВИСИМАЯ ЕВРЕЙСКАЯ ГАЗЕТА В ГРУЗИИ

oqtomberi(TiSrei)#10 (396)(5776)2014

ikiTxeT gazeT `menoras~ eleqtronuli versia veb misamarTze WWW.MENORA.GE

Temur sapiris xsovnas niu-iorkSi mZime avadmyofobis Semdeg gardaicvala Tanamedrove qarTveli ebraelobis TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli,pirovneba, romelmac

Tavisi moRvaweobiT, cxovrebis wesiT, Rirseba Semata Tanamedrove qarTvel ebraelobas _ biznesmeni, mecenati da qvelmoqmedi Temur sa-piri (sefiaSvili).

daixura sicocxlis wigni umdidresi qarTveli ebraelisa, amqveyniuri cxovreba datova adamianma, romlis badali simdidre qarTvel ebraelTa Soris TiTebze CamisaTvlelT Tu hqoniaT. roca aseTi adamianebi miwier cxovrebas toveben, bunebrivia, ismis kiTxva, Tu ra moi-tana am adamianma da ra datova momavali TaobebisaTvis, ra Semata Tavis xalxs.

Temur sefiaSvilis cxovreba Cinebuli dasturia qarTveli ebraelobis tradiciebisadmi erTgulebisa, sajamaaTo interesebiT cxovrebis wesisa: ganikiTxos is, visac moyvasis Svela sWirdeba, icxovros erTob Tavmdabali, uxmauro kacis cxovrebiT. cxovrebaSi arc Tu iSviaTad TavCenil mzakvrul intrigebs ganridebuli am pirovnebis cxovreba samagaliTo unda gaxdes qarTvel ebraelTa momavali TaobebisaTvis, iqnebian isini finansuri mdgomareobiT gamorCeuli, Tu ara.

Kkompartiis zeobis xanaSi aRzrdilma Temur sefiaSvilma postsabWour epoqaSi, albaT, erT-erTma pirvelma gvaCvena gza, Tu rogor unda gamoiyenos adamianma Tavisi qoneba _ ra umjobes ars: Seni miRweuliT (qonebiT) tkboba, sxvebze zegavlenisaTvis misi gamoyeneba, Tu Seni monagariT saxalxo sikeTis gamravleba, garemomcveli samyaros gaumjobesebisaTvis zrunva. ebraeli kacis misia amqveynad xom is aris, rom

gardaqmnas, gaaumjobesos garemomcveli samyaro. dRes, roca Temur sapiri amqveyniur yofas gaecala da sxva samyaroSi gadainacvla, Sei-Zleba dabejiTebiT iTqvas, rom igi im iSviaT pirovnebaTagani gaxl-daT, romelic uxmaurod,zar-zeimis gareSe eltvoda garemomcveli samyaros gardaqmna-gaumjobesebas. misi garemomcveli samyaro ki qa-rTveli ebraeloba da aSS politikur, Tu sazogado moRvaweTa sar-bieli gaxldaT.

qarTvel ebraelobaSi mis mier gaweuli qvelmoqmedeba Zalian mniS-vnelovania: 2009 wlis maisSi j. ajiaSvilisa da Cemi niu-iorkSi yofni-sas, Temur sapirma qvinsis qarTvel ebraelTa beiT qneseTis mTavar, didebul rabis abram aSvils SabaTis gabrZanebis Semdeg limuzini ga-mougzavna, raTa jemalisa da CemTvis Ramis manheteni kargad eCvene-bina. manhetenis quCebSi lamis gaTenebamde davdiodiT da es Cinebuli rabi gviambobda Temur sapiris sajamaaTo saqmianobaze, axla am saqmeTa CamoTvla Sors wagviyvans, Tan arasruli iqneba, xolo is, rom qvinsis qarTvel ebraelTa beiT qneseTis satkivaris erT-erTi momSuSebeli, (sxva Cinebul qarTvel ebraelebTan erTad Temur sapiric aSenebda am beiT qneseTis--am mSeneblobaSi man lomis wili Cado), swored Temur sapiri gaxldaT. xolo rac Seexeba, sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi monaw-ileobas, am ramdenime wlis winaT msoflio presa werda, raodeni gax-ldaT bil klintonis saarCevno kompaniis dafinansebaSi Temur sa-piris roli da hilari klintonma rogor gadasca Temur sefiaSvils saTanado sigeli.

mexsierebaSi samudamod aRibeWda Temur sapirTan pirveli Sexve-drebis detalebi. Ees iyo ierusalimSi. prezident ezer vaicmanTan gax-ldaT miRebaze, gamosvlisas es pirTeTri, momRimari, saamo Sesaxedi

miliarderi, ubralod, megobrulad gamogvesaubra... oci nabijic ar gadagvedga, niu-iorkSi migvipatiJa: ,,CamodiT CvenTan, gaecaniT Cveni jamaaTis cxovrebas~. oriode kviraSi mowvevac movida, mere _ samgzavro bileTebic da me da jemal ajiaSvili meuRleebiT gavemgzavreT niu-iorkSi. Casvlidan ramdenime dReSi wveulebaze SevxvdiT erTmaneTs. lxinSi asamde adamiani monawileobda. ara-ra gansakuTrebuli yu-radReba misadmi ar igrZnoboda, gamikvirda, radgan mdidar adamianebs uyvarT, roca gamorCeuli mowiwebiT dastrialeben Tavs. mcire xanSi davrwmundi: am ùyuradRebobis~ ganmapirobebeli Tavad b-ni Temuri iyo — mas ise ubralod eWira Tavi, ise Cveulebrivi iyo, momxibla _ sufrasTan ijda jamaaTis erT rigiTi wevri. aseTive iyo misi meuRle — bela.

da kidev erTi dasturi misi uaRresi Tavmdablobisa: Temur iosebaSvilis _ misi colis Zmis binaSi SevxvdiT, jemalma da me Tbilisuri su-venirebi gadaveciT _ arafriT gamorCeuli, Cveulebrivi suvenirebi. am umdidresma kacma, romelsac ferweris klasikosebis originalebi ukidia kedelze, es Cveulebrivi suvenirebi ise miiRo, TiTqos didi avla-dideba mogverTmios.

Cven dRes xSirad vxedavT esa Tu is bedgaRimebuli kaci rogor avrcelebs amqveyniur liderebTan gadaRebul fotoebs, riTac gveubneba ài, ra saxelovani, ra Zlieri var~, es `xeloba~ kargad aqvT Seswavlili fotoze ukvdavsayofad: myis amoudgebian gverdSi cnobil, Rirseul adamianebs, ministrebs,Tumca, Temur sapirs vercerT ganzomilebaSi koWebamdec ver miswvdebian. me ar minaxavs drois mier gandidebul adamianebTan gadaRebuli Temur sapiris arcerTi suraTi. miTxres: amitom ministrebi did pativad sTvlian masTan suraTis gadaRebas da TviTon udgebiano gverdSi.

misi Rirebulebebi ufro maradiuli iyo, emsaxureboda WeSmaritebas da ara moCvenebiT didebas. amitom iyo ase mWidrod dakavSirebuli jamaaTis cxovrebasTan.

guram baTiaSvili

2 m e n o r a oqtomberi (TiSrei) №10, 2014 w.

saqarTvelos ebraelobas, menSevikuri mTavrobis mier micemul privilegiebis Sem-deg, eloda mZime da Seurigebeli brZola axali xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, TavianTi me-obisa da religiis SesanarCuleblad. xelisu-flebam, pirvelsave dReebidan daiwyo anti-religiuri, aTeisturi politikis gatareba. am politikis pirveli Semzaravi da tragiku-li magaliTi iyo, sofel sujunaSi mcxovreb rabinis, beniamin elaSvilis winaaRmdeg Cat-arebuli operacia. batoni rabini uaRresad ganaTlebuli pirovneba brZandeboda. misi saxli gamotenili iyo TorebiTa da wignebiT. 1922 wels `Cekas~ agentebi ori satvirTo man-qniT misulan masTan, dautvirTiaT es lit-eratura manqanebze, TviT rabic daupatimre-biaT da Tavisive TorebTan erTad dauwviaT.

amis Semdeg, xelisufleba miyva religiuri wes-wyobis SezRudvas, axalgazrdebis Camo-Sorebas, maT komkavSirul Tu partiul sami-anobaSi Cabmas.

paralelurad sabWoTa mTavrobam SemoiRo axali ekonomiuri poltika “nep”, romelmac gamoacocxla ekonomika, warmoiqmna saSualo fena da qveyana gamovida mZime ekonomiuri mdgomarebidan. am saqmeSi saqarTvelos ebra-eloba iyo avangardSi, vaWrobisa da warmoe-bis warmatebuli saqmianobis Sedegad, xalxs daugrovda garkveuli qoneba. nepis politi-kis SewyvetisTanave, `Cekas~ agentebi akiTx-avdnen maT da es viziti ZiriTadSi mTavrde-boda qonebis konfiskaciiT. Tu adamians hqonda bevri qoneba mas cixeSiac gzavnidnen. gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevaa, david ajiaSvi-lis mimarT, romelsac,sruliad axalgazrdas miesaja daxvreta qonebis konfiskaciiT. Cems mier mopovebulia da nawilobriv gamokvleu-lia aTobiT saqme, romlebic suk-is arqivebSi inaxeboda da es dokumentebi sakmaod naTels fens imxanad gamZvinvarebul terors. yvela-nairad ikvleboda yovelgvari piradi inicia-tiva, SiSi da xvalideli dRis uperspeqti-veoba apaTiaSi agdebda xalxs. me ra Tqma unda, mxedvelobaSi ar myavs ideurad mowamluli xalxi, romlebic revoluciis saxeliT ner-gavden wiTel terors.

sabWoTa mTavroba cdilobda saqarTvelos ebraelobisTvis Seeqmna sxva da sxva proeqte-bi, raTa gamoeyvana ebrelTa Temi Seqmnili mZime ekonomiuri mdgomareobidan. Seiqmna organizacia òzeti~, romelic ebrael-Ta miwaze dasaqmebas cdilobda. iqmneboda ebraelTa kolmeurneobebi, suramSi, qarelSi, sujunaSi, banZaSi da sxvagan. am wamowyebas, sabolood didi Sedegi ar moyolia. am orga-nizaciis pirveli xelmZRvaneli iyo david baazovi, romelic, naTan eliaSvilTan erTad cdilobda TbilisSi ebrauli skolis gaxs-nas. maSin kidev SeiZleboda amaze fiqri. Sem-degSi david baazovi ganTavisuflebuli iqna am Tanamdebobidan, rogorc rabini da sion-isti. cnobilia agreTve nisi Svilis, gercel baazovis bedi, romelic daxvretili iqna Ta-visi sionisturi qmedebisaTvi. aseve Seiqmna `Raribkomi~, romelic cdilobda ebraelTa dasaqmebas warmoebebSi. misi pirveli xelmZ-Rvaneli iyo rafael eligulaSvili, romelic 70 ian wlebSi sagareo vaWrobis ministri iyo. Raribkomis wiaRSi gaifurCqna iliko efre-maSvilis organizaciuli talanti, romelmac gardaqmna abaSis raioni, safuZveli Cauyara

warmoebebs da aTobiT ebrauli da araebrau-li ojaxi daasaqma.

paralelurad am saqmianobisa, `Ceka~ da misi agentebi yvelanairad cdilobdnen Seeviwroe-binaT da daesajaT yvela is, vinc ar eTanxmebo-da maT, an moqmedebda maT winaaRmdeg. ramdeni admiani Seewira koleqtivizaciis proeqts, an ramdeni, mZime industriis proeqts. me ar vici, SeiZleba es saWiro iyo qveynis damoukide-blobisaTvis, magram rogori fasiT! maSin, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa komitetis Tavm-jdomare iyo lavrenti beria, romelic Semdeg sabWoTa kavSiris Sinagan saqmeTa ministri da faqtiurad meore pirovneba gaxda stali-nis Semdeg. aq warmodgenilia ori dokumenti, orderi dapatimrebisa da Cxrekisa gacemuli or ebraelze, fiCxaZesa da gurielaSvilze. aq aris misi xelismowera qarTul da rusul en-ebze.

1926 w. amierkavkasiis centraluri aRmas-rulebeli komitetis prezidiumis mier iqna miRebuli dadgenileba, sr. saidumlo grifiT, SpionaJis, kontrevoluciuri moqmedebis, didi ekonomiuri diversiis da sxvaTa da-naSaulis winaaRmdeg brZolis gaZlierebi-sa. dadgenileba 6 furcelzea da exeba bevr iuridiul Tu administraciul proble-mis gadaWras. zustad am dadgenilebaSi ar-

ois gaTanabrebuli religiuri moRvaweoba, skolebi da Talmud Torebis gaxsna, daraSebi da sxva, SpionaJTan da kontrevoluciur moq-medebasa da sabWoTa mTavrobis damxobisaken mowodebasTan. zustad am dadgenilebam gaux-sna xel fexi Cekas agentebs aTobiT RvTis msaxuri daepatimrebinaT, gadaesaxlebinaT, saidanac isini cocxali ar dabrunebulan, da daexvritaT kidec. es velaferi ara marto ebraelebis xvedri iyo, aramed qarTveli in-teligenciisac. Jruantels gvaris, pativce-muli qalbatonis, akademikos marika lorTq-ifaniZis mogoneba, romelic Cawerilia, saqarTvelos S,s,s, mier gamoSvebul diskze, saxelwodebiT “represirebul ojaxTa isto-riebi”. qalbatoni lorTqifanidZe igonebs.

“maSin TbilisSi bevri avtomanqanebi ar iyo. manqanebi yavdaT nomenklaturian Tanam-debobebis pirebs da Cekas agentebs. gvian Ramemde dedas Caxutebulni kankaliT velo-diT agentebis gamoCenas da rodesac movis-mendiT manqanis Zravis xmaurs Cven saxlTan Cavlils,SvebiT amovisunTqavdiT.~ mamamisi represirebuli iyo.

30 iani wlebis teroris kulminaciuri wer-tili iyo, maSindeli Sinagan saqmeTa ministris, eJovis mier Seqmnili savele sasamarTloebi “troika”. aq suraTze Tqven xedavT saqarT-velos “troikis” Semadgenlobas. maT mier aTa-sobiT adamiania daxvretili, gadasaxlebuli, ojaxebi ganadgurebulebi da gadasaxleb-ulebi. am, arc Tu ise sasurvel siaSi ebraele-bic arian. suk-is arqivebidan miRebuli maqvs 100-mde protokoli gadasaxlebis da daxvre-tis. adamianebs uSvebdnen gadasaxlebaSi, an xvretdnen gasaCivrebis da normaluri dacvis gareSe. bevr SemTxvevaSi, sardafebSi nawamebi xalxi Tanxmdebodnen yovelgvar arCadenil

saqarTvelos ebraeloba sabWoTa periodSi

iakob ofiri (efremaSvili)

statias safuZvlad daedo Tbilisis iv. javax-iSvilis sax. saxelmwifo universitetSi gamar-Tul saerTaSoriso samecniero konferenciaze wakiTxuli moxseneba.

3m e n o r aoqtomberi (TiSrei) №10, 2014 w.danaSaulze da cxvrebiviT midionen gilio-tinaze. am wlebSi 40-mde ebraelia daxvretili da aTobiT gadasaxlebuli.

SemaZrwunebulia 8 rabinis daxvretis oqmebi. raSi debdnen brals? bavSvebze Toris swavlebaSi, salocavSi TavSeyris da locvi-saTvis, saqonlis qaSerulad dakvlisaTvis da ase Semdeg. yvela es rabebi “gasamarTle-bul” daxvretil iqna erT dRes _ 1938 qlis 14 agvistos, ebraelTa dResaswaulis fesaxis Semosvlis dRes.

soxumSi Cemi muSaobis periodSi vicnobdi dina saminis asul sandlers da mis das, rom-lebic represirebuli iyvnen. me maqvs maTi mamis semion sandleris daxvretis oqmi. igi iyo afxazeTis finansTa ministri da gaayoles lakobas. aseve gaocebas iwvevs volfsonis daxvretis oqmi. adamiani gaasamarTles 1941 wels, miusajes daxvreta, romelic garkveuli xnis Semdeg iqna sisruleSi moyvanili. ramden-ime Tvis Semdeg moskovidan modis dadgenile-ba daxvretis 10 wliT Secvlaze, xolo 1945 wels moskovma daniSna specialuri komisia Tu ratom iqna daxvretili es pirovneba. yove-live amis Semdeg gasagebi xdeba Tu rad Rirda adamiani da rogor wydeboda aTasobiT ojax-is bedi. aq SeiZleba gavixsenoT sabWoTa gen. Stabis wevrebis daxvreta, marSal tuxaCevski, bliuxeri, iakiri da sxvebi. gen. Stabis wevrTa 70% ebraelebi iyvnen.

1933 wels dapatimrebuli, advokat gerSon megreliSvilis dakiTxvis oqmidan Cans, Tu rogor da sad iyo sionisturi ujredebi. ger-Soni da misi Zma, jer kidev 1928 wels iyvnen dapatimrebulni sionizmisa da sazRvris ukanonod gadakveTis mcdelobis gamo. bevri dapatimrebulTa oqmebia CemTan, romlebic cdilobdnen palestinaSi moxvedras. religi-urma SegrZnebam, tradiciebis srulad dac-vam, sulier moZRvarTa Tavgamodebam da yvela amasTan damatebulma sionisturma aRmafre-nam, misca saqarTvelos ebraelobas is didi SemarTeba religiisa da tradiciebis dacvaSi, ramac ganapiroba saqarTvelos ebraelTa avan-garduli rolo mTel sabWoTa kavSirSi. amis naTeli dasturi iyo 50 ian wlebSi moskovSi, rab emanuil Sliferis mier gaxsnili ieSibis kontigentis 70% saqarTvelodan wargza-vnilebi warmoadgendnen.

yvelasaTvis cnobilia sabWoTa riviera_ afxazeTi, da misi margaliti _ soxumi. uamra-vi sabWoTa moqalaqe 11 Tvis ganmavlobaSi dau-Ralavad Sromobda, zogavda fuls, raTa erTi Tve gaetarebina am zRaprul mxareSi da daes-vena. sakmaod mravlad iyvnen iseTi adamianebi, romlebic moxvdnen ra soxumSi, cdilobdnen gamoeswworebinaT TavianTi mSoblebis Sec-doma, gadiodnen windacveTas. es 40-50 wlis mamakacebi wiravdnen TavianT sanatrel das-venebas, raTa egrZnoT Tavi ebraelebad. sox-umSi rabinad iyo xaxam Selomo boTeraSvili, romelic akeTebda am win dacveTas, xolo salocavis win cxovrobda abram biniaSvilis ojaxi, sadac pacienti iyo ramdenime kviris ganmavlobaSi, mis srul gamojanmrTelebamde. am ambis momswre me gaxlavarT.

50-iani wlebis sabWoTa kavSiri xasiaTde-boda kosmopolitizmis winaaRmdeg brZoliT. ZiriTadi maxvili mimarTuli iyo ebrauli inteligenciis winaaRmdeg. mwerlebi, msaxio-bebi, xelovnebis muSakebi, mecnierebi devnas ganicdiden maT saqmianobebSi marqsizm le-ninizmis ideebis modunebaSi da sxva, dasav-lur sulikveTebaSi. bevri darCa samuSaos gareSe, bevri cixeSi moxvda, mixoelsi da misi mimdevrebi ki Seewirnen kidec. am periodSi daiwyo bevr nac.umciresobebi gadasaxleba yazaxeTis tramalebze. gadasaxlebuli iqna iranel ebraelTa (laxluxebi) didi nawili, berZnebi da sxvebi. aq SeiZleba iTqvas alma-atis epizodi laxluxebze.da ai am yvelafers daemata eqimTa saqme.

me 4 samarTvelo, anu kremlis saavadmyofo, ZiriTadad dakompleqtebuli iyo ebraeli profesorebiT. aq warmoiSva eWvi rom ebraeli eqimebma Seecaden stalinis mowamlvas. eqimebi

gadasces sasamarTloe-bSi, daiwyo ebraelTa devna, umaRlesi skolebi ocnebad darCa bevri ax-algazrdisTvis. mzad-deboda ebraelTa ga-dasaxleba birobiJanSi. daiwyo salocavebis daketva da dangreva. Tbilisis da quTaisis sa-locavebis dangrevisT-vis, mTavrobis mier gam-oyofil traqtorebsa da buldozerebs gadaeRoba Cvili bavSvebiT ebraeli qalebi, romlebic Sua quCaSi isxdnen da teqnika ar gaataes. aman SearCina istorias es didebuli arqiteqtoluri Seno-bebi. samagierod, aq Wkua naswavlebma, soxumSi Ramis 4 saaTze daiwyes salocavis ngreva. sam-wuxarod am ambis mowmec gaxlavarT.

bevrad damafiqrebeli daskvnis gamotana Sei-Zleba suk-is mier gace-mul cnobaze. 1953 wlis ianvarSi daapatimres quTaisis mTavari rabini xaxam iakob davaraSvili, romelsac wauyenes sisx-lis samarTlis muxli 58-10. es is muxlia, riTac daixvrita adre rabinebi. 1953 welis 5 marts gar-daicvala stalini. martis bolos moskovidan movida umaRlesi sabWos prezidiumis gadaw-yvetileba, rabinze muxlis SecvliT da is iqve iqna ganTavisuflebuli.

mTavroba Rebulobda kvartalur moxsene-bebs saqarTveloSi momqmed yvela salocavi-dan; ramdeni daibada, ramdeni gardaicvala, ramdeni daqorwinda, salocavis Semosaval-gasavali da a.S. salocavis Senobis yvela te-qnikuri mxare, ramdeni mlocvelia ubralo dReebSi da ramdeni _ SabaTs da dResaswaule-bze. vin aris rabini, Soxeti, moeli, ra religi-uri Tu akademiuri ganaTleba aqvT maT. Zalian bevri dokumentia mopovebuli am periodis ebrauli Temebis brZolisa, sxva da sxva aspe-ktSi, rwmenis, RvTismsaxurebis, tradiciebis SesanarCuleblad.

1966 wels, 3 Zmam rabinebma kulaSidan mi-iRes saocnebo nebarTva israelSi amosvlisa ojaxebiT. bevrma naTesavma Tu nacnob mezo-blebma gaatanes Txovna da ojaxis Semadgen-loba, vizis misaRebad. rogorc ki Cavidnen israelSi (6 dRianma omma gzaSi mouswro maT), iqve wamovida vizebis niaRvari. sabWoTa mTav-roba iZulebuli Seiqmna daekmayofilebina 70 mde ojaxi, ris Semdegac sazRvari Caketes. aq daiwyo saprotesto gamosvlebi, istoriuli

18 ojaxis werili gaeroSi, 40 mde qarTveli ebraelis saSimSilo gaficva moskovSi, cen-tralur fostaSi.

mTavrobam, Tavis mxriv, miitana Seteva ebraul inteligenciaze da Tanamdedobebis pirebze israelSi wasvlis uazrobaze da Txovda presaSi gamoeqveyenebinaT israelis dasagmobi werilebi. bevri aseTi werili iqna gamoqveynebuli. me aq ar minda erTi wuTi-Tac kritikiT Sevexo maT, vinaidan vici, Tu ras niSnavda suk-is sawnaxeli da Tu vin ro-gor moiqceoda. me aq minda warmogidginoT werili, romelsac Txovda suk-is Cvens rabi-nebs(3 varianti werilis CemTan inaxeba). isini, TavianTi sicocxlis safrTxeSi CagdebiT ar eTanxmebodnen maTTvis arasasurvel vari-ants, sanam ar mividnen misaReb variantamde da moaweres xeli (xelmowera CemTanaa). es saboloo werili gansaxierebaa diplomatiis umarlesi gamovlinebis. werili saTauria “SewyviteT omi!”, sadac erTi sityvac ar aris Tqmuli israelis winaaRmdeg da mouwodebs yvelas mSvidobisaken.

qarTvel ebraelTa Tavganwiruli moqmede-ba iqna dasawyisi 70-iani wlebis da Semdeg _ 90 iani wlebis didi aliisa.

isak megreliSvilis xsovnaserTi samwuxaro cnoba `menoras~ redaqciamde Zalian

dagvianebiT movida — berlinSi gardaicvala isak me-greliSvili.

isak megreliSviliqarTvel ebraelobaSi erTob gamor-Ceuli pirovneba gaxldaT: vidre TbilisSi cxovrobda, am Cinebul nevropaTologs, romlis profesionalizms mTeli qalaqi scemda pativs, sionisturi ideebi ise itacebda, rom specsamsaxurebis yuradRebis qveS moeqca. igi xSirad sau-brobda, imaze, Tu rogori `yuradRebiT~ iyvnen mis mimarT suk-is TanamSromlebi. mere igi israelSi gadasaxlda, imde-nad uyvarda israeli, am qveynis istoria da Tanamedroveo-ba, uamravi leqsi Seqmna am Temaze.

isak megreliSvilma sicocxlis bolo wlebi, TiTqmis 20 weliwadi, germaniaSi gaatara. aq samedicino praqtikas eweoda, werda leqsebs, publicistur werilebs, kvlav is-raelis, ebraelobis interesebi asuldgmulebda.


rubrikas uZRveba profesori avTandil nikoleiSvili

ebrauli Tema qarTul mwerlobaSi

mariam gariyuli(werili meTvramete)

qarTuli literaturis isto-riaSi mariam gariyuli (namdvili gvaria TaTeiSvili. 1883-1960 ww.) pirveli mweralia, romelmac qa-rTvel ebraelTa cxovrebis aR-weras romani miuZRvna. mxedv-elobaSi maqvs 1933-1937 wlebSi dawerili `garRveuli mijna.~ samwuxarod, nawarmoebis meore nawili dRemde ar dabeWdila, ris gamoc misi tipaJi da prob-lematika bolomde dasrulebuli da gamokveTili ar aris. Tumca, amisda miuxedavad, romanSi das-muli sakiTxebisadmi avtoris damokidebulebaze mkiTxvels mainc eqmneba garkveuli warmod-gena.

`gardamavali mijnis~ TiTqmis yvela personaJi, garda fragmen-tulad gamoyvanili oriode mo-qmedi pirisa, ebraelia. Sesabam-isad, romanSi aRwerili yofiTi garemoc ebraulia. rogorc nawarmoebidan naTlad Cans, mw-erali Rrmad da safuZvlianad ic-nobs ebraelTa yofas da STambeW-davad warmoaCens mis koloritul mxareebs.

romanis mTavari personaJi ioxanan krixeli SeZlebuli vaWar-ia, Tanasoflel ebraelTagan materialuri simdidriT gamor-Ceuli kaci, romelsac savaWro ka-vSir-urTierTobebi ruseTis impe-riis Soreul qalaqebTanac ki aqvs damyarebuli. sofelSi mcxovrebi Raribi ebraelebi swored misi wya-lobiT Soulobdnen saarsebo sax-sars. ioxanani gasayid saqonels winaswar, fulis gadaxdis gareSe, aZlevda maT, rac didi Sveba iyo yoveldRiuri lukmapuris maZie-

beli adamianebisaTvis. marTalia, krixelis aseTi `wyaloba~ Raribi ebraelebisaTvis Semosavlis sa-sicocxli wyaros warmoadgenda, magram isini imasac kargad xe-davdnen, rom maTi `mwyalobeli~ batoni amiT Tavadac did mogebas naxulobda.

m. gariyulis romani ara marto qarTvel ebraelTa imJamindel cxovrebaSi zemoT aRniSnuli TvalsazrisiT arsebul mZime vi-Tarebaze gviqmnis garkveul war-modgenas, aramed im socialur mdgomareobazec, romelic sazogadod mTel Cvens qveyanaSi sufevda imxanad. ioxanan krixe-lis ojaxisa da sofelSi mcxovre-bi danarCeni ebraelebis social-uri gamijvna erTmaneTisagan romanSi sabWoTa periodis Cveni mwerlobisaTvis farTod damaxa-siaTebeli ideologiuri tenden-ciurobiTa da sworxazovnebiT xdeba. kerZod, ioxananis mdidru-lad morTul-mokazmuli or-sarTuliani saxlis fonze kidev ufro sabraloblad gamoiyurebi-an misi mezoblebis sacxovrebeli qoxmaxebi..

m. gariyulis romanis mTavari moqmedi piris _ ioxanan krixelis literaturuli tipi bevri ramiT mogvagonebs im personaJebs, rom-lebic XIX saukunis dasasrulisa da XX saukunis dasawyisis qar-Tulma mwerlobam Seqmna imJamin-deli socialuri movlenebis war-mosaCenad. am TvalsazrisiT igi pirdapiri memkvidrea g. wereT-lis, e. ninoSvilis, d. kldiaSvi-lis, W. lomTaTiZisa da im period-Si moRvawe sxva qarTvel mweralTa Semoqmedebidan kargad cnobili literaturuli tipaJisa.

miuxedeavad imisa, rom m. gari-yulis romanSi asaxuli es so-cialuri sinamdvile winamorbed mweralTa SemoqmedebaSi ufro maRalostaturad da masStabu-radaa warmosaxuli, `garRveuli mijna~ mainc unda CaiTvalos imdroindel movlenaTa sain-teresod warmomCen nawarmoebad. amgvari Sefasebis safuZvels is garemoeba ganapirobebs, rom es

socialuri movlenebi mweralma qarTvel ebraelTa imJamind-eli yofiTi da erovnuli prob-lemebis warmosaxvis gziT gviCve-na. am TvalsazrisiT m. gariyulis romani axali pasaJebiT amdidrebs XX saukunis qarTuli literatu-ris istorias.

garda qarTvel ebraelTa yoveldRiuri yofisa, `gar-Rveuli mijna~ ruseTis imperiis sxva regionebSi, kerZod ki ode-saSi mcxovreb ebraelTa yofazec gviqmnis garkveul warmodgenas. rogorc romanidan naTlad Cans, am TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelosa da ruseTis sxva regionebSi ar-sebuli mdgomareoba radikalu-rad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan. miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTveli ebraelebis didi nawili, qarTve-li mosaxleobis msgavsad, eko-nomikurad dabeCavebul mdgo-mareobaSi imyofeboda, erovnuli niSniT maT devna-Seviwroebas ara-sodes hqonia adgili. aRniSnuli TvalsazrisiT sruliad sxva vi-Tareba iyo sakuTriv ruseTSi. kerZod, saqarTvelosgan gansx-vavebiT, iq ebraelTa darbeva da akleba-awiokeba Cveulebriv am-bad iTvleboda.

romanidan im keTilmezobluri damokidebulebisa da Tanadgo-mis damadasturebeli epizodebic sakmaod SeiZleba gavixsenoT, ro-melic qarTvelebsa da ebraelebs Soris iyo damkvidrebuli.

`garRveuli mijnis~ mkiTxve-lis interess arsebiTad gansaz-Rvravs is faqti, rom masSi siR-rmiseuladaa axsnil-warmoCenili im devna-Seviroebis ganmapirobe-beli mizezebi, rasac ebraelebi ganicdidnen msoflios bevr qvey-anaSi. mwerali cdilobs, mkiTx-vels ebraeli xalxis erovnuli yofisaTvis sazogadod damaxasi-aTebel im specifikur mxareebzec Seuqmnas garkveuli warmodgena, rac am xalxs msoflios bevr qvey-anaSi erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi devna-Seviwroebis sayovelTao procesma Camouyaliba.

miuxedavad imisa, rom saqa-rTveloSi mcxovrebi ebraelebi

erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi niSniT devnil-Seviwroebulni arasodes yofilan, maT mainc kargad hqon-daT gacnobierebuli im tragi-kuli bedisweris arsi, romelic sazogadod arguna ebrael xalxs gangebam.

m. gariyulis romani im ada-mianuri Tanadgomis Sesaxebac gvawvdis garkveul informacias, rasac ebraelebi gasaWirSi Ca-vardnili moZmis mimarT iCend-nen. am saqmeSi umTavres rols maTi sarwmunoeba asrulebda, ro-melic yovel morwmune ebraels gaWirvebuli moZmisadmi xelis gamarTvas uwmindes zneobriv movaleobad usaxavda. swored am maRali adamianuri movaleobis gamoxatulebad unda miviCnioT is aqtiuri Tanadgoma, romelic ebraelebma tragikulad daRu-puli jano mozRvriSvilis ojaxis mimarT gamoavlines. salocavSi am ambis gamo Sekrebil jamaaTs rabi-nma dabejiTebiT mouwoda: `mas wvrili oblebi da qvrivi darCa. daxmareba undaT. patiosani is-raeli mudam mzad aris Seewios da daexmaros gaWirvebul Zmas. gaiRe, israelo, Seni wvlili da gadauxade vali yovladmowyale adonais!.. vis ramdenic SegeZloT, vis ramdenic geneboT!..~

rabinis es mowodeba liton si-tyvebad ar darCenila da janos Tanasoflelma ebraelebma, maT Soris ioxananmac, sakmao Sesawi-ravi gaiRes tragikulad daRu-puli moZmis ojaxis dasaxmare-blad. am TiTqosda arc Tu ise mniSvnelovani epizodiT mwer-alma ara marto nawarmoebSi aR-werili tragikuli movlenisadmi gamoxata romanis moqmed pirTa adamianuri TanagrZnoba, ar-amed moyvasisadmi Tanadgomisa da daxmarebis STamagonebel im mZlavr Sinagan zneobriv Zalazec Segviqmna garkveuli warmodgena, romelic mSobliuri miwidan bar-barosulad gamodevnil da mTel msoflioSi mimofantul ebra-elobas erT mTlian erad kravda da aduRabebda.

qarTveli da ebraeli xalxis literaturu-li urTierToba jer kidev maSin daiwyo, roca mTargmnelebi Zveli aRTqmis wignebis qarTu-lad gadmoRebas Seudgnen — Soreul sauku-neebSi, magram damoukideblobis mopovebamde imaze ocnebac ki, rom qarTuli mwerloba xelmisawvdomi gamxdariyo bibliis Semqm-neli erisaTvis, SeuZlebeli gaxldaT. SoTa rusTaveli da misi vefxistyaosani im gamonak-lisad rCeba, romelic genialur SemoqmedTa da qmnilebaTa xvedria.

Aam bolo wlebSi es xarvezi ivseba — israel-Si dRiTidRe Zlierdeba interesi Taname-drove qarTuli mwerlobisadmi, rasac xels uwyobs saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSirisa da saqarTvelo-israelis megobrobis sazoga-doebis mecadineoba. amas winaT, akademikos roin metrevelis, romelic israelsa da saqa-rTvelos Soris megobrul urTierTobis sazogadoebis udgas saTaveSi da mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomaris mayvala gonaSvilis meTaurobiT, qalaq Tbilisis meriis didi

xelSewyobiT israelSi Catarda qarTuli poeziis kvireuli, (monawileobdnen: roin metreveli, jansuR Carkviani, mayvala gonaS-vili, Tamaz kvaWantiraZe guram baTiaSvili, besik xaranauli da sxv.) gamoica bilingvuri gamocema qarTveli da israeleli poetebisa qarTul da ebraul enebze. 10 seqtembers ki saqarTvelos mweralTa saxlSi roin metrev-elis meTaurobiT Catarda israelSi gamoma-vali Jurnalis `marea~ (`xedva~) bolo nomris prezentacia. Jurnalis am nomerSi rubrikiT `kulturaTa dialogi~ warmodgenilia qar-Tuli mwerloba. nomerSi dabeWdilia roin me-trevelis èbraelebi saqarTveloSi~, jansuR Carkvianis, muxran maWavarianis `T. WilaZis,F fridon xalvaSis, besik xaranaulis, mayvala gonaSvilis leqsebi, Tavebi zaqaria WiWina-Zis wignidan saqarTvelos ebraelobaze, ram-denime esse guram baTiaSvilis Canawerebis wignidan `saxeebi da situaciebi~ israeleli poetebi, mTargmnelebi orcion barTana, ziva feldmani, ofra macov-qoeni kiTxulobdnen

qarTveli poetebis leqsebs, qarTul-ebraul urTierTobebze isaubres roin metrevelma, jansuR Carkvianma, mayvala gonaSvilma.

8-10 seqtembers iv. javaxiSvilis sax. Tbili-sis saxelmwifo universitetSi mimdinareob-da saerTaSoriso samecniero konferencia, romelic gamarTes Tel-avivis bar-ilanisa da Tbilisis iv. javaxiSvilis sax. univer-sitetebma. Kkonferenciis mTavari Tema gaxl-daT saqarTvelos, azerbaijanis, CrdiloeT kavkasiisa da centraluri aziis ebraelobis kultura, istoria. wakiTxuli iqna erTob maRali samecniero donis moxsenebebi zogi maTgani ki qarTul mwerlobas Seexeboda. Ppro-fesorma reuven enoxma isaubra vefxistyaos-nis gaponoviseul Targmanze, doqtor ziva feldmanis moxsenebis Tema iyo galaktionis `qari qris,~ profesor orcion barTanasa da doqtor ofra macov-qoenis moxsenebebi eZ-Rvneboda guram baTiaSvilis romanebs `Jami dumilisa da Jami ubnobisa~-s da `meaTe kacs~.

Lliteraturuli urTierTobebi

5m e n o r aoqtomberi (TiSrei) №10, 2014 w.

gagrZeleba. dasawyisi ix. `m~ #7,8,9.

warsulis suraTebidokumenturi moTxroba

aron krixeli

Tavi mexuTe

(gagrZeleba me-7 gverdze)

furimis Semomaval dRes qalaqis mTeli ebraeloba kargi ganwyo-bilebiT da mxiarulad Sexvda. sa-locavebis ezoSi Soxetebs ofli sdiodaT qaTmebisa da indaurebis dakvliT. iqve xaxmebi iyvnen Cam-wkrivebulni da jamaaTs locavd-nen. xalxic zogi xurda fuls, zogi qaRaldis fulsac ki aZlevda. Ra-ribebi _ qalebi da kacebi salo-cavis ezos SesasvlelTan, rogorc qifuris Taflis sanTlebi, ise Camolagebuli idgnen: sanTlebiviT ferwasulni da xelgamowvdilni Txoulobdnen nedabas. SamaSebs Tunuqis yulabebi xelSi eWiraT da erT kacsac ar uSvebdnen, locvis ezodan Sewirulobis gareSe rom ga-suliyvnen. xaxam meirsa da xaxam iex-iskiels beiT qneseTis SesasvlelSi Talmidebi moegrovebinaT da kidev erTxel azepirebdnen megilaTs da imas, Tu megilaTis romel abzac-ze unda Seekivla yvelas erTad. ~harur aman!~ an ~barux mordexai!~ da ~barux esTer!~. vin ar iyvnen aq Talmidebidan: mdidari da Raribi israelis Svilebi, yvelas erTnairi forma ecva. qudebze magen daviTi ekeTaT, gulze ki yvelas mibneuli hqonda niSani herclis suraTiT.

es weli metad bednieri iyo ja-maaTisaTvis. sabWoTa mTavrobis ax-alma ekonomiurma politikam axali stimuli misca vaWrobis moyvarul xalxs. gaqra simdidris dakargvisa da axali mogebis uqonlobis SiSi. wvrili vaWrebi, romelnic ori wlis winaT wvrilmaniT vaWrobdnen mdidari vaWrebisagan nisiad SeZe-nili saqonliT, axla gzaze gamov-idnen da Zveli meTodebiT movaWre mdidrebs aReb-micemaSi, moxerxe-bulobaSi, gaqnilobaSi sjabnidnen da Tavze axtebodnen. maT erTba-Sad auRes alRo axal mdgomareo-bas, imas, rom fabrikebi mTavrobam xelT igdo da saqoneli mxolod saxelmwifosagan unda SeesyidaT sindikatebSi da sabiTumo bazebSi. Tu xelisuflebas gverds auvlid-nen, verafers iSovidnen. bobola mdidrebi ki Tavis qonebaze magrad isxdnen da eSinodaT axal mTavro-basTan saqmis daWerisa. ase rom, wvrilma vaWrebma gamdidreba iwyes da jamaaTSi Tavi gamoyves. yofili wvrilfexa vaWrukanebi locvis ezoSi amayad daiarebodnen. maT So-ris ki umetesad axalgazrdoba iyo.

ra moxda, Tu israelSi kidev ari-an Raribebi. es axali era xom maTia! Tu vaWrobis unari ara aqvT, es maTi bedovlaTobis bralia. am oqros xa-nas vinc ar gamoiyenebs, sicocxlis Rirsi ar aris. maTTvis zedgamoW-rilia maTxovroba. zogs xelis ganZrevac ki ezareba, rom nedaba moiTxovos, TakilobT. mama ucx-onda, RmerTi manas gadmouyris! mokvdi mSieri, jamaaTi rogorme dagmarxavs.

visi mogonilia es kanoni? rad unda vugrovebdeT nedabas Rari-bebs, rad unda vaZlevdeT muqTad maT masas da kartofils fesaxSi, rad unda vutovebdeT maT qifuris Semomaval dRes Tavze Semovle-bul, codvebiT savse qaTmebs, Cve-ni SromiT SenaZen qaTmebs, masas, kartofils, Rvinos da xarazoTs? ratom unda sWamdnen es salaxana naZirlebi? eseni xom avTvisebiani simsivnea Cveni jamaaTis! gvWamen da gvxraven, Cven aTas risks veweviT, isini ki Cvens Sromas iTviseben. al-

baT, Cveni dinis es muxli _ ~Rari-bebis gakiTxva~ viRac bedovlaTis mogonilia. amas saRvTo sjulTan araferi saqme ara aqvs. mereda, ro-gor acviaT: dafleTili, dakonki-li tanisamosi. zogs nifxavic ki ar acvia da gaxeuli Sarvlidan WuWyiT savse gavis naWeri mouCans. vin uS-vebs maT salocavSi! isini xom ryv-nian wmindaTa wminda adonais saxels da beiT qneseTs auwmindureben. nu daujerebT maT, viTomc suls Ra-faven da Zlivs dadian, es SimSilis brali ar aris. mTeli dRe logins arian gadayolilni da TiTos rva-aTi Svili yavs. Cven ki TiTo Svilic ki ver mogviyvania!!

mere ra Svilebi hyavT am sapy-rebs? arc yinva, arc sicxe, arc is-panka, arc xolera, Cixotka, tifi da anTeba ar ekarebaT. qvasaviT arian gakaJebulni da araferi ar stki-vaT. sul ar hgvanan Cvens Svilebs: Tu zamTarSi Tbilad ar Caacvi, Tu SarfiT ar aukari, Tu odnav yur-adReba moadune, ixrCobian, axvele-ben, sisxlad iclebian da kvdebian. TalmidebSi yvelaze kargad Toras am gamoRletilTa Svilebi swav-loben, Cveni nayidi formebi ki acviaT, maTi swavlis, fuls xaxmebs Cven vaZlevT. aba, xaxami ris xaxamia, rom ufulod Tavi Seiwuxos. isini marto sulis siwmindeze RaRadeben, TviTon ki suli wawymedilebi aqvT. gaxsovT, Cvens wminda xaxam iex-iskiels ra daemarTa? Cvens Soris darCes: axal gamoCekil raSayebs ar uTxraT, Torem amas Toris winaaR-mdeg gamoiyeneben. hoda, erT Sa-baT dRes, xaxam iexiskielma locva moaTava da, Cveulebriv, rogorc icis xolme, TiTqmis Tvalebdaxu-Wuli locvidan gamodioda. xelebi mucelze daewyo. Cvenma biWebma, efrom, Samaikam da bakoT daTikom gzaze oqros Tumniani daugdes, TviTon ki qoenienT ezoSi daimal-nen. roca fuls miuaxlovda, xaxam iexiskieli uceb gaSeSda, daxuWuli Tvalebi gamoaWyita, Zirs daixeda. mas oqros Tumniani Sescinoda. Tva-lebs ar daujera, eSmaki macduneb-so, egona. Tvalebi daxuWa da isev gaaxila: Tumniani isev iq iyo. mere aqeT-iqiT mimoixeda _ xom aravin micqerso, daikuza, viTom fexsac-mels isworebda da is oqros Tum-niani xelSi mobRuja. ai-da, esec, Seni wmindani! ase rom, es qveyana farisevlebis qveyanaa. Raribebis daxmareba xaxmebs Tavisi sarfisT-vis aqvs gamogonili.

wadiT aqedan!* * *

- vin aris biWo, miTxari da me qali ar viyo, Tu es saqme ar gagirigo!

- tyuili cda iqneba, isini me qals ar momaTxoveben, me xom erTi Rari-bi SamaSi var!

- Tavs nu ikatuneb, Se glaxa Sena, aravize nakleb ar cxovrob.

-ho, mSieri ar vkvdebi, cota fu-lic ki maqvs gadanaxuli da, mgoni, rom colis Senaxva ar gamiWirdeba.

- vin mogwons, Tqvi, biWo!- elyezer kontuaSvilis qali

dina! _ Tqva da mexuTe arayi gadaxuxa.

- Zalian zeviT wagipotinebia xeli, Svilo!

- xom giTxari, tyuili cda iqneba-meTqi.

- ara, Zneli saqme kia, magram am qveyanaze ra ar momxdara!

moSem Wamas Tavi daaneba, ribkas Sexeda da CailuRluRa:

- oRond es saqme momiwyos vinmem da xuT oqros ar davinaneb.

- nu geSinia, moSe, me movuvli amas. erT kviraSi dina Seni daniS-nuli iqneba.

moSia sixarulisagan skamidan wamoxta, ribka gadakocna da oTaxi-dan gavarda. gairbina patara Cixi, locvis ezoSi Sevida da yvirili daiwyo:

- jamaaTo, yarbiTi, yarbiTi!- ram gadaria es RmreTgamwyrali,

_ gaifiqra ezoSi mjdarma xaxam mixeilma da SaTaraT iayobas uTxra: _ erTi giJi gvaklda jamaaTs da esec ar dagvaklo akaduS baruxum. neta ase gvisrulebdes dalocvili RmerTi Cvens yvela danakliss! _ xeli Severcxlil wverze gadaisva da Teilimis kiTxva ganagrZo.

wruwunaT ribka marTla datri-alda, Tavze baRdadi moixura, xe-lebze xarxlebi gaikeTa da noraSe-nis quCisaken gaswia:

- debor! debor! _ dauZaxa quCidan kontuaS elyezeras cols.

deboram fanjridan Tavi gamo-hyo, ribkas danaxva Zalian gauxar-da, saxlSi aiwvia.

- ras dagdebulxar am saxlSi da gverdebs isqeleb, Se sasikvdilev Sena, _ siciliT da roxroxiT dauw-yo qaragmuli laparaki ribkam, _ es aris da, kontuaSvilis coli varo, Zvel amfsonebs iviwyeb da erTxel ar gamogvivli saxlSi. dagaviwyda kartis TamaSi, Se dundula, Sena!

-ra vqna, ribka, xom ici ojaxs didi Tavi unda.

- Senma mzem, didi Tavi unda, Senc Tavs iklav iatakis aprialebiT. xom gyavs mosamsaxure, is raRas akeTebs? mizezi ar gamogeleva, Se gulcivo, Sena!

am dros meore oTaxidan dina gamovida. ribkam Tvali Seavlo mis werweta tans da deboras gadaulaparaka:

- gogo mogswrebia gasaTxovari!- eh, ra dros magis gaTxovebaa,

jer bavSvia!- sworad uTqvamT Wkvian xalxs:

maZRars mSieric maZRari egonao, Se amosaTaqo, Sen ar iyavi, rom ToTx-meti wlisas elyezers gverdSi uweqi? sxvisi Wiri kedels Cxirio, Senzea naTqvami.

- jer mTxovneli ara hyavs di-nas da ra vqna, me xom ar Sevaxveweb vinmes!

- ra mTxovneli unda hyavdes, qali skivrSi dagimwyvdevia da dRis sinaTles ar aCveneb. locvaSi eg ar dagyavs da xalxSi magas ar aCen. gulTmisnebi xom ar arian Cveni bi-Webi, rom Seni mzeTunaxavi qali daesizmroT. me mas ase ar davtoveb. Sen Cemi jeelobis megobari xar da minda, rom Seni gogo kargi biWis xelSi Cavardes.

-eh, Senc ityvi raRa...-netavi Cemi esTera ase moCituli

iyos da erT wuTsac ar davfiqrde-bodi, ise gavaTxovebdi. erTi metad lamazi, Wkviani da SeZlebuli biWic ukve myavs uzurSi amodebuli.

- Seni laparakidan ise Cans, rom Cemi qalis gasarigeblad mosulxar. nu damadne, vin aris ar ityvi, qalo?

- Se gamotvinebulo! weRan Tqvi, ra dros gaTxovebaao, axla ki lamis malaxmaveTs suli misce, ise gain-teresebs es ambavi. afsusi ki aris is biWi, aseTi gaTlugi ojaxisaT-vis, magram ras izam, xom gagigonia _ nu dakargav Zvelsa gzasa, nurca Zvelsa megobarsao _ miyvarxar da

im biWs sxvas xelSi ar Cavugdeb. di-nas qorwilSi Cemi garmoni Tu ar gavWime, ra qali var.

am dros elyezeric Semovida saxlSi, ribkas mxarze xeli dahkra da uTxra:

- amis Saloms hgonia, Cemi coli borakebs acxobso, imas ki ar uyure-bT, rogor gamopranWula!

- mama gicxonda, Senc ityvi piris gemo maqvso, am dilauTenia fiStos ayrolebuli arayi rom gixeTqia, viTom fexi mogtydeboda, rom Cven-sa Semosuliyavi da WaWis arayi da qada migerTva? magram ras izam, axa-li gamdidrebuli xar da wruwunaT ribkas naxelavs aRar kadrulob.

- elyezer! ribkas Cveni dinasaT-vis biWi amourCevia.

- ramdens dagpirdnen, ribka! Sen xom sarfis umisod fexs ar gadad-gam, -siciliT SeekiTxa elyezeri.

- sarfianad amogxda eg suli, Se joro, Sen ar iyavi, ramdenisas gu-lisTvis Cemi saxlis zRurblidan fexs ar icvlidi da mTeli dRe lo-bios, Wadis WamiT muceli gqonda dasivebuli, Senma mzem, Senc baR-dadSi gamoxveuli oqroebiT da kirmiciebiT amavse, debora rom gagirige! sarfio, ise icocxle, ro-gorc me sarfi malaparakebodes.

- kargi, nu gawiwmatdi erTi, ar ityvi vin aris?

- dReSi samasi maneTis momgebi ka-cia, SensaviT fuqsavati da uqnara ar gegonos!

- samasi maneTi dReSi am droebaSi baxanaT daviTasac ki ara aqvs.

- is ki samas maneTs akeTebs!- Tqvi vin aris, qalo.- SamaSi moSiaa!elyezers xarxari autyda, ku-

Setkaze gadagorda da sicilisagan cremelmoereulma xiTxiTiT mimar-Ta:

- oh, rivka, Sen amowydi male, Se qajo, dReSi samasi maneTis, SamaSi moSias, samasi maneTi ki aqvs marTla Semosavali im fijs dReSi, xa, xa, xa, samasi maneTi erT dReSi, mxolod weliwadis erT dRes, furim dRes, danarCen samas samocda oTx dReSi gaRletili viria. samasi maneTi!

- gaRletili viri Sena xar, Se lenCo, ras icini da iRrijebi, Seni samasxro var Tu, _ wamoiyvira rib-kam, skamidan wamoxta da furTxebiT karebisken gaswia.

- ribka, ras mirbixar, xom ici ma-gis xasiaTi, ar gewyinos! _ Seexvewa debora da kalTidan eweoda.

- fexi momtexod da Tqvens saxl-Si ar Semovsuliyavi, daamwnileT Tqveni Cixotkiani qali da amog-wydaT ojaxi _ miayola ribkam da xarxariT kibeebidan ki ar Camovida, Camogorda da gaswia Rvinis Cixi-saken.

salocavis ezos gareT moSia elodeboda. ribkam moSias tuCmoR-recilma gadaxeda da xma ar gaucia, saxlisken Seuxvia. moSia mixvda, rom misi fantastikuri siyvarulis finali damdgariyo, Tavi Caqindra, ezoSi Sevida da grZel merxebze Camwkrivebul spilenZis Sandlebs samovris miwiT wmenda _ dapriale-ba dauwyo.

am dRidan wruwunaT ribkas erTi muStari kidev Semoaklda.

* * *furim saRamos, sadResaswau-

lod morTuli da damSvenebuli ebraelebi salocavis ezoSi iyvnen Tavmoyrilni. megilis dawyebamde jer kidev didi dro iyo darCeni-li. xalxi jgufebad SequCuliyvnen da xmamaRla msjelobdnen da mu-saifobdnen.

erTi didi jgufi, romelSic ax-algazrdoba ufro Warbobda, efro-sa da fiStos Semoxveoda da yovel wams salocavis gzas ayruebda maTi xarxari da mxiaruli SeZaxilebi.

efro gorelaSvili da fiSto erTmaneTs erTtaepiani moswre-buli SairebiT epaeqrebodnen.


saqarTvelom erTi didi saba icis – sulxan-saba orbeliani.

qarTveli salxi TiTqmis ar gicnobs Sen, saba kldiaSvilo, didi daviT kldiaSvilis sisxlo da xorco, qarTvelTa sisxlo sisxlTagano da xor-co xorcTagano.

arc ebraelebi gicnoben. TiTo-orola kacma Tu icis Seni ambavi!

unda gicnobdnen kia.yvela unda gicnobdes, mTeli qveyana, qveynebi!sulxan-sabac gaixarebda SeniT da getyoda,

rom xar WeSmariti Svili Seni xalxisa. igi mor-Wmuli wavida am qveynidan, – TmebdaTovlili, xanmoreuli. Sen ki – Wabuki kaci, odesis univer-sitetis privat-docenti.

ramdeni welia Tan damdevs Seni sicocxlis bolo dReebi, ramdeni welia minda davwero Senze. Tvalwin midgas 1905 wlis odesa. ra geen-ia trialebs qalaqSi – lamis sisxlma walekos odesis quCebi, ebraelTa sisxlma! (ùdanaSau-lo xalxis sresa~ dawers mere am dReebze daviT kldiaSvili) kvlav daiwyo rbeva sabraloTa. rbe-vas vin dagidevs, sacxovreblisa da sawolis ga-daTelvas, ferflad qcevas vin inaRvlebs – raxan RmerTma ase gaswira, raxan RmerTi ase ar patiobs codvebs, aRarafers Civian sabraloni, oRond sicocxle SeinarCunon, oRond ramenairad gad-aurCnen brbos `dahkaT ebraelT da ixseniT ruse-Tio~, rom gahyviris amqveyniur codvaSi fexCadg-muli. yovelTvis ase iyo, ase mosdgamdaT: roca Tavad gauWirdebodaT, ebraelebs dahkariT da samSoblo ixseniTo.

da iRvreboda sisxli odesis quCebSi.iRvreboda sisxli ebraelobisa da Sen, simon-

eTelo saba kldiaSvilo, quCaSi gamoxvedi rom dagecva ebraelebi!

iudevelni gaocebuli Semogyurebdnen: ucxo, ucnobi, Soreuli, Cvens Soris Cadgao.

brboc gaocebuli iyo, TavdamsxmelTa, sam-Soblos `mxsnelTa~ brbo: sxva rjulisa da eris xalxs icavs, gmiria gamorCeulio.

aseTma `patriotebma~ ki kargad ician: Tu sxva-Ta sisxliT xvrepa gwadia, gmirebi unda CamoiSo-ro. erTi gmiri aTasebs aZlevs Zalas, aTasebs amx-edrebs sibnelis winaaRmdeg.

da Sen, samoTxesaviT mwvane, xasxasa imereTSi gazrdilma saba kldiaSvilma, qarTvelma, mec-nierma, odesis universitetis privat-docent-ma iaraRi aiRe xelSi, raTa dagecva Cemi xalxi, dagecva adamiani.

ratom? risTvis?mcire gadaxveva da esec Sen gexeba, saba ba-

tono!quTaisi qarTuli Teatris gazafxulis qalaq-

ia. aq yvelaferze metad qarTuli sityva uyvar-daT da imas, visac qarTuli sityva da Teatri-uyvars, uyvars adamiani.

1901 wlis aprili. quTaisSi sagastrolod Camodis rusuli dasi. quTaisma pativiT miiRo

Teatri. ise miiRo, rogorc am qalaqs ekadreba. 16 aprils dasi TamaSobs s. litvinisa da v. krilovis piesas `kontrabandistebi~. mayurebeli daiZaba – ebraelobas speqtaklSic ise eqcevian, ramac iq, odesis quCebSi aRaSfoTa Seni suli.

quTaisi yovelTvis iseTi iyo, rogoric unda iyos Teatris da poeziis qalaqi– roca meore mo-qmedebaSi mayurebelma naxa, rom speqtaklis azri ara damcirebulTa, bedkrulTa dacvaa, aramed kidev erTi mowodeba magaT dahkariT da samSob-lo ixseniTo, siciliT ki ar moiqcies ybebi, taSi ki ar daukres, aRsdgnen quTaTurebi – speqtakli CaSales da moedanze demonstracia moawyes. im Rames policiam ebraelobis qomagi 200qarTveli daapatimra, 200 dacemulis fexze wamomyenebeli, `vefxistyaosnsa~ da iavnanaze gazrdili 200 qali da kaci. da iciT, vin iyo maTs Soris?

niko lorTqifaniZe. ki, ki, is didi niko lorTq-ifaniZe!

iqneb, Senc iq brZandebodi, saba batono, iqn-eb, Senc im 200 kacSi erie?

Teatrma meored rom daapira im piesis Tama-Si, meoredac rom moindomes scenidan dae-ZaxnaT hkaT ebraelebs da samSoblo ixseniTo, quTaislebma fardac ar gaaxsnevines – speqtakli CaSales.

da kidev:1905 wels quTaisSi kvlav rusuli dasi Camo-

dis. gastrolebi ise daiwyo, rogorc unda daw-yebuliyo poeziisa da Teatris qalaqSi—taSiT, mipatiJeba-gadapatiJebebiT, omaxiani sadRe-grZeloebiT. mesame saRamos antisemituri pie-sa iTamaSes. isev ebraelebze iyridnen javrs. speqtakli ar CauSliaT, arc demonstracia mou-wyiaT (ukve sxva dro idga–reaqcia TareSobda!)darbazSi xmagakmedili isxdnen niJaraZeebi da lorTqifaniZeebi, abaSiZeebi da wereTlebi, miqelaZeebi da agiaSvilebi. pirSekruli isxd-nen da usmendnen imas, rasac TviTon arasodes ityodnen. uxmod daiSalnen.

meore dRes ki Teatrs qalaqis deputacia ewvia: quTaisSi sxva erebs arasodes amcireben, amitom gTxovT qalaqi datoveTo.

iciT, vin miuZRoda am deputacias?lado mesxiSvili—qarTuli da rusuli Teat-

ris mSveneba lado mesxiSvili!ratom? risTvis?èbrauli lobi~ moqmedebda?mewvrilmaneebis, xarazebis, TerZebis, foto-

grafebis, megarmoneTa lobi?ra aris es – legenda? sinamdvile?legenda, romelic sinamdvileSi iRebs saTaves.sinamdvile, romelic legendas hgavs.iq ki, odesis quCebSi, icodnen, rom uwinaresad

gmiri unda moacilo qveyanas. da gesroles.da Sen daeci!daeci, rogorc damcveli devnili xalxis,

qomagi Seni eris wiaRSi gulgamTbari xalxisa.Seni sisxli dResac xelebze scxia yovel

Savrazmels.daeci da daiwyo legenda.ebraelebma odesidan TeTri gemiT waasveneso

saba kldiaSvili. didebuli sanaxavi iyo Turme es TeTri gemi erTi micvalebuliTa da ramdenime motiraliT.

gemi baTumis navsadgurSi moTqmiT Semovidao.mTeli qalaqi tiroda ̀ lamazi biWis~ sikvdils,

magram azriTa da grZnobiT savse sityva sergo qavTaraZes uTqvams da kidev erT sabralo ebra-el jariskacs: `Sen iq Cemi moxuci mSoblebi da-icavio~

ra dReSi unda iyos xalxi, romelic Tavis erTaderT damcvels gangmiruls xedavs. gmiris daRupvac atirebdaT da TavianTi Savi dRec.

bevri mosdevda Sens kubos, saba batono, Zalian bevri. cremlsac Rvridnen da bednieric iyvnen: kidev erTi gmiri emateboda qarTul miwas.

mamuliSvilTa akldamaSi Sedioda kidev erTi Zegli – dasturi xalxis sulieri uzadobisa.

* * *saqarTvelom erTi didi saba icis – sulxan-

saba orbeliani.qarTveli salxi TiTqmis ar gicnobs Sen, saba

kldiaSvilo, didi daviT kldiaSvilis sisxlo da xorco, qarTvelTa sisxlo sisxlTagano da xor-co xorcTagano.

arc ebraelebi gicnoben. TiTo-orola kacma Tu icis Seni ambavi!

unda gicnobdnen kia!

s a b aguram baTiaSvili

orive imas cdilobda, rom ufro mware, gamanadgurebeli leqsi moe-gonebina da mopirdapire miwasTan gaesworebina. axalgazrdoba maT amxnevebda da aqezebda.

maT jgufs TandaTan xnierebic SeuerTdnen. sxva jgufebi SeTx-elda da es erTi jgufi did masad gadaiqca.

swored am dros locvis ezoSi Semovidnen naTan eliaSvili, daviT baazovi Tavisi SvilebiT: gerceli, xaimi, meiri, molaSvili simona, paSa da sanka baxanovi, menaSe egiskel-aSvili, ilia kanzaveli, mordex danielovi, motke da xaim-ioseb mamisTvalovi, faSa krixeli, ilia daviTaSvili, merko wiTliSvili, daviT SaoSvili da iexiskiel jin-jixaSvili.

daviT baazovi da naTan eliaSvi-li rabin xaxam iayobTan mividnen da xelze moxveviT miesalmen. SamaSma moSiam locvis kantoridan skamebi mourbenina. xaxam iayobma maTTan saubari gamarTa.

- ram mogiyvana, xaxam daviT, _ SeekiTxa rabi, _ am furim saRa-mos Cvens locvaSi, cxinvalelebma locvidan xom ar gamogagdes?

daviT baazovma rabis xumroba Tavmdablurad miiRo da Tavisi didi, Savi naRvliani TvalebiT ezoSi Segrovil jamaaTs gadaxeda.

- RmerTma amravlos Cveni jamaa-Ti, _ daiwyo daviTma, _ adonais mindobili, arafrad agdebs sidux-Wires da sibneles, win beT-amikda-Sis Sexina unaTebs dReis saval gzas da xvalisaTvis ara fiqrobs, Tu rogor amovides am krizisidan...

- romel krizisze laparakob, xax-am daviT, _ Seesityva rabi, _ Cveni xalxi axla rom kargad cxovrobs, amas laparaki ar unda...

- es movlena droebiTia, vaWro-ba mudam ar iqneba. xalxs Tavisi cxovrebis mizani unda hqondes. umiznod sicocxle adamianis uWkuobis mauwyebelia...

- ebraeli jamaaTis mizani _ es erec-israelia, galuTSi myofma is-raelma jer sicocxle unda Seinar-Cunos da mere ifiqros sxva raRac mizanze...

- erec-israelSi wasvlis rwmena xalxSi Rrmad unda iyos gamjdari da ar unda icvlebodes adamianis majiscemasTan damokidebulebiT... rogorc montenma Tqva, adamianis

rwmena imdenad Zlieri unda iyos, rom misi dacva adamians sicocxlis fasadac ki SeeZlos. Cveni xalx-is rwmena es xom gamxmar foTols miagavs, romelic Sua zamTarSi xes SemorCenia da sacaa, qaris ubralo Semoberva zecaSi gaafrens...

- ra ginda magiT Tqva?- minda, rom Cveni xalxi axal

ideebs da rwmenebs daeuflos, min-da rom maTac SeaRon mecnierebis karebi da umecrebis Waobidan amovidnen. daewafon Sromas da xe-loba iswavlon. xval Tuki qari wa-mouqrolebs, oboli foToliviT qaraSotma ar gaitacos. Cvens dros Zveli, misustebuli rwmena aRar gamodgeba. ra unda gaakeTos Cven-ma bnelma xalxma erec-israelSi? iq xom codna da Sromaa saWiro. im patara qveyanas amdeni vaWrebi da muqTaxorebi raSi sWirdeba? Tu ase ganagrZo cxovreba Cvenma xalxma lafSi Cafluli kameCiviT, mas arc erec-israeli da arc kargi cxovre-ba ar eRirseba...

- batoni daviTi sruliad mar-Talia, _ Caeria saubarSi naTani. _ wavida is dro, roca Cveni xalxi marto sarCos Sovnaze fiqrobda

da rogorc cxoveli, ise atarebda Tavis sicocxles. marto Toris swavla mas arafrad gamoadgeba. man zedmiwevniT unda icodes Ta-vis deda ena, laSona kodeSi. unda miiRos zogadi ganaTleba da pro-fesias daeuflos. vaWrobis profe-sia uqnarebis da zarmacebis saqmea. palestinaSi maT aravin miiRebs, Tu maT saxlis aSeneba ar ician, Tu isini SeCveuli ar arian fabrika-qarxnebSi muSaobas. axal qveyanas Seneba sWirdeba.

- riT SemiZlia davexmaro Cems xalxs? _ SeekiTxa daviTs xaxami iayobi. _ rom es daxmareba reli-gias ar ewinaaRmdegebodes?

daviT baazovma da naTanma xmadab-la moaxsenes rabis is mosazrebebi da saqmianoba, ris gatarebasac isi-ni am axlo momavalSi apirebdnen.

axalgazrdebis didi jgufi ki ufro gazrdiliyo. gercelisa da misi amalis mosvlam maT mxiarule-bas sul sxva mimarTuleba misca.

(gagrZeleba iqneba)

7m e n o r aoqtomberi (TiSrei) №10, 2014 w.

ras vkiTxulobT

am kviraSi?

rabinis kuTxe

aaron mdinaraZe

b

r

e

S

i

T

i

msoflios ebraelTa kongresis aRmasrulebeli komitetis sxdoma

14-17 seqtembers berlinSi gaimarTa msoflios ebraelTa kongresis aRmasrulebeli komitetis sxdoma, romelSic monawileobdnen kongresis vice-prezidentebi, sxvadasxve qveynis ebrauli organizaciebis xelmZR-vanelebi.

sxdomas xelmZRvanelobda kongresis Tavmjdomare daviT de rotSildi(safrangeTi), pirveli sityva warmosTqva kongresis prezident-ma roland lauderma.

Mmek-is sxdomebis berlinSi gamarTvas miesalma germaniis vice-kancleri zigmar gabrieli. Mman dawvrilebiT isaubra Tanamedrove germaniisa da israelis urTierTobaze, imaze, Tu rogor cdilobs Ggermania mxari dau-Wiros israelis interesabs saerTaSoriso organizaciebSi, Tumca, mis ga-mosvlaSi kritikuli ganwyobac SeiniSneboda. Kkonkretulad: yuradReba gaamaxvila, imaze rom israeli ar unda eweodes axali dasaxlebebis mSene-blobas mwvane zols miRmao. Cvenis mxriv davsZenT rom ramdenime dRis Sem-deg amgvari gancxadebebis Taobaze biniamin neTaniahum mkafiod gamoxata ebraelTa saxelmwifos pozicia: ebraelebi icxovreben iq, radac maT surT.

aRmasrulebeli komitetis winaSe vrceli, proisraeluri tendenciis matarebeli sityva warmosTqva germaniis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma franc-valter Stainmaierma.

sami dRis ganmavlobaSi sxdomebze ganixileboda evropis qveyneb-Si antisemitizmis gaZlierebis sakiTxi:maSin roca postsabWour qvey-nebSi antisemitizmi miyuCda, dasavleT evropaSi igi Zlierdeba, rasac xels uwyobs islamisturi jgufebis momravleba. yuradReba gaamaxviles imaze, rom germaniis wignis maRaziebSi kvlav gamoCnda hitleris `main kamfi~`wigni,romelic ebraelobisadmi siZulvils nergavs, germaniaSi ar unda vrceldebodes~ naTqvamia miRebul rezoluciaSi. kritikulad iqna ganxiluli gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis pozicia zafxulSi `xama-sis~ mier israelis qalaqebis dabombvisas — am saerTaSoriso organizaci-is bevrma didmoxelem faqtiurad `xamasis~ advokatoba ikisra da ebrauli saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg dausabuTebel braldebebs Txzavda.

sxdomebze gaimarTa vrceli saubari ukraina-ruseTis konfliqturi situaciisas ebraelTa mdgomareobaze.

Eevropis qveynebSi gaZlierebul antisemitizmTan dakavSirebiT miRebul rezoluciaSi kongresma evropis saxelmwifoTa meTaurebs mouwoda Seas-rulon saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebani, mkacrad ebrZolon rasobrivi siZul-vilis gamovlinebas.

Sexvedra romis papTan

Eebrauli axali wlis—roS haSanis wina dReebSi msoflios ebraelTa kongresis prezidentis ronald lauderis iniciativiT romis papis rezi-denciaSi `santa maria~ moewyo Sexvedra romis papTan. Sexvedraze imyofe-bodnen evraziis ebraelTa kongresis prezidenti iulius mainli, ormoci saxelmwifosa da ebrauli organizaciis meTaurebi.

saubris erT-erTi mTavari Tema iyo qristianebis devna axlo aRmosav-leTsa da afrikaSi.romis papma Tqva:

_ dRes qristianebs devnian da awameben iseve, rogorc erT dros Tqven gdevnidnen, gawamebdnen.

roland lauderma dasZina:_ roca Cven gvdevnidnen, msoflio dumda, Cvens dasacavad aravis xmas

ar iRebda, dRes qristianebs devnian, msoflio kvlav dums.Eevraziis ebraelTa kongresis prezidentma iulius mainlma ganacxada: _ roca pontifiki sayovelTao mSvidobaze laparakobs, amas yvelam,

yoveli rwmenis matarebelma unda miugdos yuri. Cven yuradRebiT unda movekidoT romis papis mcdelobas erTmaneTs dauaxlovdes qristianoba da iudevelebi.

axali kalendrebiroS haSanis wina dReebSi saqarTveloSi gamoica ebreuli

kalendrebi,romlebic Temis wevrebs daexmareba kargad Seasrulon TavTa-vianTi religiuri miswrafebebi—zustad icodnen yoveli dResaswaulis TariRi, flobdnen yvela aucilebel informacias.

salocavma `beiT raxeli~ (yofili aSqenazTa beiT qneseTi) axalgaz-rdulma moZraobam `momavlis samyaro~ da saganmanaTleblo centrma `TifereT cvi~gamosces Sinaarsobrivad mdidari kedlis kalendari. Mmisi Sinaarsobrivi simdidre imaSi gamoixateba,rom yovel gverdze miTiTebu-

lia romeli gamoCenili sasuliero moRvawisa Tu jamaaTis yofili wevris wlisTavi aRiniSneba mimdinare TveSi, dRis ra dros, romel saaTzea Ca-satarebeli esaTuis locva, ferebiT gamokveTilia SabaTisa,Tu dResas-waulebis TariRebi.

gGamocemis organizatori gaxlavT aharon mdinaraZe,dizaini da grafika ekuTvnis aharon janaSvils.

* * *Tbilisis ebraulma saxlma da codnisa da informaciis centrma

moamzades jibis kalendari, romelic aseve keTil samsaxurs gauwevs ja-maaTis wevrebs. Aaq garda imisa, rom miTiTebulia ebrauli dResaswaule-bi, SabaTisa da dResaswaulebis sanTlebis anTebis, SabaTis gasvlis dro dro,aRniSnulia xumaSis romeli Tavi ikiTxeba amaTuim SabaTs.

Kkalendari uxvad aris ilustrirebuli feradi fotoebiT.kargi iqnebo-da kalendris Semdgenlebs meti yuradReba mieqciaT teqnikuri srulyofi-saTvis.

Kkalendars win uZRvis Sesavali werili, romelic gviambobs ebrauli sax-lis saqmianobaze.

Kkalendris bolo gverdze aRniSnulia, rom `kalendris SedgenaSi monaw-ileoba miiRes zaira davaraSvilma da iulia miqaZem~

Kklub `momavlis samyaros~ aqtiuri saqmianoba

TbilisSi amaswinaT Seqmnili ebrauli klubi `momavlis samyaro~dRiTidRe aaqtiurebs Tavis saqmianobas. Aamas adasturebs, Tundac misi muSaobas ganrigi. Aai, ra saqmianobas eweva `momavlis samyaro~ kviridan paraskevamde.

Kkvira17-29wlis axalgazrdebisaTvis10-11.45w. miSnis Seswavla— (uZRveba rabi Simon wiwuaSvili).mamakacebisaTvis( 16 wlidan). Talmudis gakveTili (rabi Simon wiwuaS-

vili)13-13.45w.xevruta. gakveTilis garCeva wyvilTa mier.17-29wlamde gogonebisaTvis14.00—17.30w. Toris da ivriTis Ses-

wavla (uZRvebian simxa mdinaraZe da xana iaviCi)

G17-30 wlamde gogonebi da vaJebi18 saaTidan axalgazrduli kafe (uZ-

Rvebian rabi aharon mdinaraZe da Simon wiwuaSvili).

orSabaTi 14-15.30w. 18-40wlis mandilosanTa

klubi rusul enaze (uZRveba diana mdina-raZe).

16-17.30w. starsi 17-29wlamde go-gonebisaTvis (uZRveba—diana mdinaraZe)

samSabaTi16.30-18s.17-29wlis gogonebisaTvis.

Toris Seswavla(uZRveba simxa mdinaraZe) 19s. ojaxuri klubi. 18-55wlis

wyvilebis Sexvedra (uZRveba rabi aharon mdinaraZe).

oTxSabaTi14-15.30w.mandilosanTa klubi. 18 wli-

dan (uZRveba simxa mdinaraZe)16-17.30w.starsi 17-29wlis gogonebisaTvis.(UuZRveba simxa mdinaraZe)18-19.30w.starsi 17-29wlis vaJebisaTvis (uZRveba Simon wiwuaSvili da

aharon janaSvili)20 saaTze mamakacebisaTvis 18 wlidan—Toris Seswavla.xuTSabaTi16.30—19.30w.17-29 wlis gogonebi—Torisa da ivriTis Seswavla (uZRve-

bian simxa mdinaraZe da xana iaviCi). * * *

klubi `momavlis samyaro~ aseve scems ferad sainformacio SemecnebiT buklets òlam aba~.

Tora iwyeba Semdegi fasukiT: (bereSiT) – Ta-vidan sawyisSi Seqmna haSemma ca da dedamiwa. qm-nilebis dasawyisSi dedamiwa iyo carieli da qa-oturi. da haSemis suli daqroda haerSi wylis zeviT.

ismeba aseTi SekiTxva ratom iwyeba Tora asoTi(beT) – bereSiT, alfavitSi es xom meore asoa – pasuxi: imitom rom gvaCvenon adamianebs,

rom rogorv aso beTi – ivriTul damwerlobaSi daxurulia sami mxridan, da mxolod erTi mxar-ea gaxasnili, aseve haSemma dafara samyaros sami mxare da mxolod erTi – CrdiloeTi ar dafara.(amiT is eubneba kerpTayvanismcemlebs, movid-nen Tqveni kerpebi da dafaron meoTxe mxare, ga-moscadeT Tu vinme amas SeZlebs.

kidev erTi axsna: aso beTiT iwyeba sityva braxa–kurTxeba(dalocva), xolo aso alefiT iwyeba sityva arur–dawyevla, amitom haSemma airCia beTi.

da SesCivla alefma haSems, me var pirveli aso da Tora unda iwyebodes CemiT, rodesac israele-bi miiReben Toras sinais mTaze – aTi mcneba dai-wyeba alefiT(sityviT anoxi).

qmnilebis Svidi dRis ganmavlobaSi yoveli dRis damTavrebis Semdeg weria, rom es iyo kar-gi, garda meore dRisa, da aris azri rom am dRes Seiqmna jojoxeTi, aris meore azri, rom am dRes daiwyo kamaTi da Cxubi, am SemTxvevaSi wylebs So-ris, da aris azri rom orive erTad, da yvela vinc bevrs Cxubobs da kamaTobs – misi boloa jojox-eTSi, rogorc koraxi. aris azri aqedan gamomdin-are, rom orSabaTs ar unda daviwyoT axali saqme.

meoTxe dRes Tqva haSemma rom manaToblebma daikavon Tavis adgili. da unda vicodeT Tu aris mzis dabneleba, es iqneba niSani maTTvis, vinc eTayvaneba mzes, rom maT moeliT ubedure-ba, xolo Tu mTvare iqneba dapataravebuli, ma-Sin haSemi brazdeba ebraelebze, radgan isini ar iqcevian kargad.

meeqvse dRes weria iom haSiSi – zedmeti asoTi – hei, axsna – haSemma dado piroba, rom samyarom SeiZleba iarsebos mxolod maSin, rodesac is-raelebi iswavlian Toras anu xuTwigneuls – bereSiT, SemoT, vaikra, bemidbar, dvarim.

weria bereSiTSi – rom haSemma gaukeTa adams da mis cols tyavis tansacmeli da Caacva maT. Tqva arizalma, kurTxeulia misi saxeli: da gamoagdo haSemma isini samoTxedan da ubrZana miwis da-muSaveba da uTxra adams – Seni ofliT moipove Sensisazrdo cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi.

rabi amiambobs: – cudi sawyisi dadis da eZebs vin dadis yvelaze lamazad, vin cdilobs yvelas moawonos Tavi, vin iyureba wamdauwum sarkeSi, dainaxavs aseTs da midis masTan da eubneba – Sen Cemi xar, uyveba mas sxvadasxva istoriebs da Seacdens, amitom araa saWiro gansakuTrebiT lamazad Cacma, rom cudma sawyisma ar Cagvigdos xelSi.

haSemma moiwyina, imis gamo,rom unda daengria es samyaro, erTma kerpTayvanismcemelma hkiTxa rabi ieoSuay ben karxas: haSemma yvelaferi icis, man icoda, rom adamianebi Sescodavdnen, maSin ratom Seqmna man isini?

rabi ieoSuayma upasuxa:adamains, rom ebadeba Svili is mxiarulobs, miuxedavad imisa, rom icis is aucileblad gardaicvleba, ratom mxiaru-lobs adamiani? kerpTayvanismcemelma upasuxa rodesac samxiaruloa– mxiaruloben, rodesac satirelia – tirian.

uTxra rabi ieoSuayma: haSemmac ase gaakeTa.

8 m e n o r a oqtomberi (TiSrei) №10, 2014 w.ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia

q. Tbilisis mTawmindis

raionis sasamarTlos

mier.

registraciis # 4/1-921

damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:

guram baTiaSvili, kote abaSiZe

Tbilisi, leoniZis 11a, vaxtang VI q. #30

telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57

gazeT `menoras~ redaqcia

TanagrZnobas ucxadebs aSdodis municipalitetis

wevrs moSe boTeraSvils

dedis

gardacvalebis gamo

manana jinjixaSvili qu Tais-Si daibada. aq daamTavra saSualo skola, musikaluri saswavlebeli, Semdeg quTai-sis saxelmwifo pedagogi-uri in stituti (amJamad akaki we reTlis saxelmwifo uni-versiteti) qarTuli enisa da literaturis specialobiT; muSaobda musikis maswavleblad, Jurnalistad, lado mesxiSvilis saxelobis quTaisis akademiur TeatrSi saliteraturo nawilis gamged. amJamad cxovrobs niu-iorkSi ojaxTan erTad.

rodesac manana jinjixaS-vilze daviwye wera, moulod-nelad aRmovaCine, rom Cveni megobrobis ufro xangrZlivi nawili ukve amerikul peri-odze, mis emigrantul cxovre-basa da Cvens satelefono Tu epistolarul urTierTo-baze modis, ufro naklebi ki saqarTvelos studentobisa da megobrobis im wlebze, roca yoveldRe, an TiTqmis yovel-dRe vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs. mas Semdeg bevrma welma gan-vlo, rTulma da winaaRmde-gobebiT aRsavse mTelma epo-qam. saukune Seicvala, rogorc pirdapiri ise gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT. mananam ufro mSvidi, Tumca ukve afori-aqebuli saqarTvelo datova, romelic jer kidev sabWoTa kavSiris sivrceSi imyofeboda. igi Cvenze utyuarad grZnobda, ukeTesad xedavda im safrTxes, Cven rom jiutad ar vusworeb-diT Tvals. ar gveSinoda, rad-gan horizontze saqarTvelos damoukidebloba Canda. ase iyo cxra aprilis wina dReebSi. manana rekavda, swuxda, hqonda didi saSiSroebis molodini. maxsovs misi fraza: òRondac axla gadarCeT,~ rac maSin gaz-viadebuli meCvena.

amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi wasvlisas mananas guli wydeboda, rom aq toveb-da sayvarel saqmes, Tumca arc iq uZebnia axali profesia. samagierod Tavisi cnobiere-biT erTi wuTiTac ar daSore-

bia saqarTvelos. CemTvis dRes Znelia mananas vaSingtonSi àmerikis xmis~ qarTul redaq-ciaSi saqmianobis Sefaseba, magram, albaT, es periodi mis cxovrebaSi umniSvnelovanesi iyo. axal realobasTan Segueba, gansxvavebul ekonomikur da politikur sistemaSi, Tanac maRalkonkurentul garemoSi adaptireba, inglisuri enis kargad daufleba _ erTbaS-ad ramdenime fsiqologiuri barieris gadalaxva, bunebriv-ia, ioli ar iqneboda.

manana wlebis ganmavlobaSi iyo gaeroSi àmerikis xmis~ akreditebuli Jurnalisti. iyo avtori mravali sain-tereso da saWirboroto reportaJisa. mis mier lit-eraturisa Tu xelovnebis sxva sferoebSi momzadebuli gad-acemebi ki yovelTvis gamoir-Ceoda siRrmiT, mravali plan-iT, rac sxvadasxva rakursSi aCvenebda im procesebs ameri-kis kulturul cxovrebaSi rom mimdinareobda. igi swored am sivrceSi qmnida Semoqmedi qarTvelebis portretebs da ufro TvalsaCinos xdida CvenTvis maTs warmatebebs. vfiqrob, manana jinjixaSvilis programebi gamorCeul xibls, individualur xelweras ani-Webda amerikis xmis qarTul gadacemebs.

saqarTvelos saxelmwi-foebrivma damoukideblobam Zalze saamayo realoba moita-na. amerikis universitetebis (kolumbiis, indianas...) stu-dentebs (da ara marto maT) SesaZlebloba aqvT ucxo enad qarTuli airCion. manana maT aswavlis. bevri maTgani imyo-feboda kidec saqarTveloSi. TiToeulma, bunebrivia, aq Tavisi qarTuli enis maswav-leblis sulis nawili gamoi-yola, misi TvaliT Sexeda Cvens qveyanas, me vici, ra rudunebiT ekideba igi am mniSvnelovan saqmes, ra did pasuxismge-blobasTan, rTul SromasTan aris dakavSirebuli es yove-

live. mza meTodika sakmaod mwiria, sakuTari gamocdileba ki wlebs moaqvs da igi mananas ukve sakmaod daugrovda. man SeZlo garedan Seexeda qarTu-li enisaTvis. sxvaTaTvis eswavlebina ara mxolod gra-matikuli kategoriebi, aramed ena, rogorc eris sulieri samyaros gamanivTebeli. axla manana fiqrobs (zrunavs kidec) Seqmnas da saqarTvelo-Si gadaiRos qarTuli enis videokursi, romelSic Tavs moiyris qarTvelebis saubrebi ojaxSi, sazogadoebaSi, quCa-Si, sufrasTan, Caiweros bune-brivi dialogebi kargi qarTu-liT molaparake adamianebTan erTad, rasac, eWvi ar mepareba, aucileblad ganaxorcielebs, Tu sponsori moiZebna, albaT, ufro malec.

manana jinjixaSvili, rogorc mwerali jemal qiria ambobs masze, kargi ebraeli da kargi qarTvelia. igi qarTul saqmes akeTebs. profesionali filologia. misi pedagogi-uri saqmianoba, samwuxarod, ufro metad sxvaTa arCevan-zea damokidebuli, vidre mis aqtivobaze. sakmaod moSore-biT Cevngan man SeZlo Tavisi qarTuli samyaro Seeqmna. axla rusulenovan radioSi gaaCi-na qarTuli niSa. aq mihyavs qarTuli gadacemebi, rasac usasyidlod akeTebs.

aqac gulRia maspinZeli da sxvaTa gulSematkivari amer-ikaSic aseve agrZelebs cxovre-bas. misi saxlis kari mudam Riaa stumrebisaTvis, mudam mzad aris daxmarebisTvis.

TiTqmis 18 welia, rac manana jinjixaSvili wavida quTaisidan, magram erTi dRi-Tac ar daSorebia qarTul sityvas, qarTvel megobrebs, qarTul mwerlobas da xelov-nebas, qveyanas, sadac dai-bada, gaizarda, Camoyalibda rogorc pirovneba, romelT-anac uamravi kargi mogoneba da tkivilic akavSirebs da rom-lis didi qomagicaa.

qarTuli saqmis sakeTeblad amerikaSi

rCeuli leqsebiisraelSi gamoica

io seb krixelis rCeu-

li leqsebis krebuli

`saqarTvelos israelidan

siyvaruliT~. krebulSi

Sesulia 75 wlis ioseb

krixelis mier Seqmnili

leqsebi. es krebuli iwye-

ba leqsiT `sadRegrZelo.~

wigni gamoica ̀ amuTa efSar

axereT~-2000 daxmarebiT.

wignis winasityvaobis

avtoria mira wiwuaSvili.

wigns win uZRvis avto-

ris Sesavali werili.

me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos

vsvam im SegrZnebiT,

rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.

saqarTvelos ebraelobis fotoistoria

onis 114 wlis beiT qneseTi

meuRle nana xubelaSvili, Svilebi: Wiko, Tamuna fiCxaZeebi, sidedri eTer mixelaSvili, ia, maia xubelaSvilebi, emzar eligulaSvili,

merab kobaxiZe iuwyebiandaTo fiCxaZisgardacvalebas.

robert, Tengiz, lera mixelaSvilebi, fima kacobaSvili, ciala, guram baTiaSvilebi iuwyebian

daTo fiCxaZisgardacvalebas da TanaugrZniben

gansvenebulis ojaxs,

ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia


raionis sasamarTlos

mier.


damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:



telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57




dedis

gardacvalebis gamo














li leqsebis krebuli













me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos


rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.








ISSN 1987-8982 UAC 070 411.16m-557

ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia


raionis sasamarTlos

mier.


damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:



telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57




dedis

gardacvalebis gamo














li leqsebis krebuli













me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos


rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.








299.90.96, 277.20.57

ebrauli misticizmis safuZvlebi da liadeli Sneur zalmanis Teosofia

icxak davidi

(gagrZeleba. dasawyisi ix `m~ #6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11-12, 2013)

kabalam bolo daudo bibliis gulubryvi-lo-rabinul axsnas. Man moaxerxa im dafaruli fena-plastebis gamovlena, romlebzec Sede-gad wamoimarTa ebrauli misticizmis zed-naSeni, alegorizaciisa da simbolizaciis saSualebiT, anu im momentanuri intuituri savseobiT. totalitetiT, romelic usasru-lobis igiveobad iqca. sakuTriv vedrebaTa Sesrulebac ki mistikurad amoucnobi mniSvn-elobebiT daitvirTa.

mistikuri koncentrirebuli ganwyobis anu qavvana-s meSveobiT SesaZlebeli gaxda said-umlo samyaroTa gaxsna-amocnoba da yovelive arsebulis Zir-yofieriTi mizezebis gamov-lineba. ebraeli mistikosisaTvis (aseve r. Sneur zalmanisTvisac), locva rodi warmoad-genda sulis Tavisufali gadmonTxevis saSu-alebas, aramed igi mWidrod iyo dakavSirebu-li samyaroul Sida mdinarebasTan.

xsenebul periodSi (me-8-9 ss.) Cven vxedavT iseT ebrael mistikosebs, rogornic iyvnen iosef b. abba, aharon b. samueli, ufro adre ki iseTi Talmudist-avtoritetebi, rogorc icxak nafxa, rabi b. iosefi, axa b. iakobi da sx-vebi (me-3-4 ss.).

naTelxilva-winaswarmetyveleba rodia mx-olod wminda ebrauli movlena, Talmudis mixedviT (baba baTra, f. 15b) msoflio xalxeb-sac hyavdaT sakuTari winaswarmetyvelni, ricxviT Svidi (mag. bilami). cnobili babilone-li Teologiuri moazrovnis saadia gaonis az-riT (ix. emunoT ve-deoT). SesaZloa arsebobs kidec specialuri sawinaswarmetyvelo STama-gonebeli emanacia. samagierod baxia ibn faku-das azriT (ix. xovoT ha-levavoT), sakmarisia sulieri siwminde da gonebrivi srulyofile-ba RvTaebrivi STagonebis miRwevisaTvis (Sdr. Selomo ibn gebiroli. iehuda halevi… palesti-na-israeli viTarc sawinaswarmetyvelo inspi-raciis safuZveli-miwa).

gulisxmobdnen e.w. dafarul Tvals (ain ni-sTara), romelic gaaCnda winaswarmetyvels raTa srulad gaTqvefiliyo RvTaebrivSi.

avraham ibn daudi emuna rama-Si winaswarm-etyvelebas Tvlis bunebrivi winaswarganwyo-bilebis gamoxatulebad, roca saxel-i anu aqtiuri inteleqti aerTebs bunebrivs ara-bunebrivTan.

ramba”mi (maimonidi) ase ayalibebda Sexed-ulebebs winaswarmetyvelze:

1. masebis azriT RmerTma SesaZloa yvelaze uvicic ki daajildovos STagonebiT. 2. filo-sofosTa azriT winaswarmetyveleba dakav-Sirebulia zneobriv-gonebriv srulyofasTan. 3. bibliis Tanaxmad _ saWiroa Zlieri Sina-gani warmosaxvis unaris da Zalis qona yvela saxis srulqmnasTan erTad.

saocaria is garemoeba, rom ebrauli misti-cizmisa da kerZod kabalis mixedviT RvTaebriv fenomenTan Serwyma warmoadgens faqtiurad srulqmnadi adamianis mogzauroba-piligri-mobas kosmiuri warmosaxviTi xis sigrZiv da gaswvriv. aseTebi iyvnen e.w. fardes-Si Sesuli wmindanni 1 s-isa: r. akiva, ben abuia, ben azai dab en zoma. cnobilia, rom r. akivas garda, verc erTma ver gauZlo RvTiuri frqvevado-

bis siZlieres da daiRupnen.r. nexunia b. hakana-s (11-li s) miaweren ma-

dras-Si nawarmoebs `sefer habahir~-is sax-eliT. am wigns ixseniebs pirvelad ramba”ni me-13 s-Si.

wignSi gadmocemulia xmovanebisa da max-vilebis kabalisturi axsna, rac me-7 s-dan mo-dis. amdenad Tvlian rom xsenebuli wigni me-13 s-Si daiwera r. icxak brmis mier `SesaqmeTa~ wignis pirveli Tavebis egzegetikuri stiliT, igi dayofilia 16 mokle paragrafad da war-moadgens dialogs maswavlebelsa da moswav-les Soris. ixseniebian r. rexumai, r. amarai, r. berexia da r. nexunia hakana, romlis kabalis-turi nawarmoebis uiSviaTesi egzempliaric am striqonebis avtorma saCuqrad miarTva admor m. Sneersons 1989 wels.

`bahir~-is mixedviT, samyaro araa Seqmnis procesis Sedegi, aramed igi arsebobda aqtu-alurad, saukuniod, qmnadoba gamoixata mx-olod pirveli sefir-is `qeTer’elion~-is anu or haganuz-is emanaciaSi, romelmac dasabami misca xoxmas, aqedan bina warmovlinda. maTgan gamomdinareobs 7 qveda sefira da mTeli mate-rialuri samyaro (ix. firke rabi eliezer, 3, aTi naubriT iqna gansaxuli samyaro da yvelani samSi erTiandebian).

yoveli sefira aqtiuricaa (maSfia’) da pasi-uric (mekabel). erTi sefir-is meoreSi gardas-vla simbolizdeba ebr. anbanis asoebiT, mag-aliTad aso (g) gamoxatavs sefiras, romelic erTi Tavidan iRebs Zalas da meoredan uSvebs. amrigad, xsenebul aTi sefira RmerTis Zala-energias Seadgens.

`bahir~-is avtors swams sulTa gadasaxlebi-sa da amiT xsnis problemas, Tu ratom itan-jebian marTebulni, SesaZloa codvilni ki iSvebian (#58) wina sicocxleSi marTebulni SesaZloa codvilni iyvnen da piriqiT. Seicavs ra mraval orazrovnebas, ̀ bahir~-is w-i amasTa-nave winamorbedia zohar-isa.

niSandoblivia isic, rom mag. ̀ bahir~-s wignSi dedrobiTis sqesobrivi simbolika cxadliv warmoaCens dapirispirebas mamrobiTisadmi. Tundac asoTa grafemuli gamosaxulebebiT. ebr. Caketili (saboloo) aso mem mamr. sawy-isze mianiSnebs, xolo gaxsnili mem dedr.-ze. maTve ukavSirdebaT aRmosavleTisa da dasav-leTis dapirispirebac, garkveul wiaRsvlad sulTa migraciis Rrmadgnostikur sarCuls rom eyrdnoba. (Sdr. G.Scholem, Ursprung und Anfange der Kabbala, Berlin. 1962. gv. 155).

rabi Simon bar ioxai Tana-elTa mesame Tao-bas ganekuTvneboda (meore s) igi r. akiva-s mowafe iyo, erTi periodi cidonSi cxovrobda da saswaulTqmedebda. mas miaweren iseT nawar-moebebs, rogoicaa madras deraSbi, nisTaroT, TefiloT.

zoharis mistikur msoflmxedvelobas safuZvlad daedo r. Simon b. ioxais moZ-Rvreba `yvela sulis erT RvTaebriv sulSi gaerTianebis~ Sesaxeb. manve Seqmna vrceli praqtika kosmiuri xis danawilebisa R-is sax-elTa Semadgenel gantotebad, romelTac kab-alistic Cveulebriv warmoidgenda mocekvave sinaTleebad.

raS”bim garkveulad ganagrZo davidiseuli teqnika `wm. nasunTqis~ gamowveva-warmoqmis, rasac mohyveboda STagonebiTi warmosaxvebisa da xilvebis seria. raS”bis miaCnda, rom àdami-anuri sunTqva warmoadgens haeris, cecxlisa da wylisgan Semdgari nazi nivTierebebis na-revs...~

TviT saxeli ihvh-c xsenebuli elementebis-gan Sedgeboda da am uzenaes atributs epara-leleboda: Taji, sibrZne da goneba. `roca ki adamianis piri da bageni moZraoben, maSin misi guli da neba uzenaesT uzenaes mwvervalT aRw-evs da sayovelTao erTianobas ganasaxierebs~-werda didi ebraeli mistikosi. amdenad, zo-hari mZafrad gamoxatavda sityvis, azrisa da energiis erTianobas saerTo salocavi _ ganWvretiTi procesis aqtSi, roca mocemuli piri dedamiwaze anxorcielebs e.w. kontem-placiur impulss, raTa saTanado reaqcia gamoiwvios maRlierebaSi. ai, igi mouwodebs oTxivekuTxier qarebs, rom misi sunTqva aRa-vson, msgavsad zRvis miqceva-moqcevisa.

ariza”lma kidev ufro ganavrco xsenebuli teqnika da kosmiur sferoTa `Serwymis~ (iixu-dim) gziT da ferTa simbolur gardatexvaSi moaqcia kosmiuri xis Semadgeneli nawilebi, saboloo miznad man uzenaesi wertilis sul-Ta ganivkveTis aRqma gamoacxada, romelic sakuTriv pirvandel wyarosTan Sexvedras moaswavebda warsulis, awmyosa da momavlis gacnobierebiT (Sdr. sunTqviTi warmosaxvebis analogebi Cinur filosofiaSi, taoizmSi, zen-budizmSi da sxv.) Cineli specialistebi yuradRebis koncentracias erT garkveul sxeuliseul wertilze, xsenebul regionSi nervuli sistemis mastimulirebel faqtorad ganixilaven, Tanamedrove nevrologiur enaze rom vTqvaT, xsenebuli aqti ̀ nervuli sistemis qselSi eleqtromuxtebis depolarizaciaa~.

kabalistur kosmiur xes taoisturi ana-logic eZebneba e.w. saboloobis diagramaSi, romelSic aRmavali wreebis serias avyavarT ar-yofnisken (Cin. hsu) ebr. ain. pirvel wres Seadgens `bneli dedrobiTobis kari~ ebr. maalxuT (mater. samyaro).

meore wre (Cin. Cing)-arsi, aris is adgili, sa-dac `sunTqva irTveba~ ebr. iesod (safuZveli) da a.S. yovelive amas ganagebs an winamZRvrobs mWvreteli piris warmosaxviTi energia.

sakuTriv r. Simon bar ioxaiseuli (mas mi-aweren) `zoharis~ struqtura ase warmos-dgeba: 1) sifra di-cniuTa (wigni mofarebu-lobis) xuTi Tavisgan Semdgari. 2) idra raba (didi krebuli) da idra zuta (mcire krebuli). 3) raze de-razin _ (saidumloT saidumloe-bani _ sxeulisa da sulis urTierTkavSiris Sesaxeb. 4) sefer hexaloT _ (wigni darba-zonebisa) exeba 7 zecieri darbazis aRweras. 5) raia mehemna (erTguli mwyemsi) _ saubari Simon bar ioxaisa, moSe da eliahu winaswarm-etyvelebTan Toriseuli da rabiniseuli ve-dreba akrZalvebis alegoriuli mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb. 6) madras haneelam ( saidumlo, mifare-buli midraSi) _ exeba bibliis mistikur-eg-zegetikur axsnas. 7) saba (moxuci) _ rasb”is saubari eliahu winaswarmetyvelTan sulTa gardasaxvis (gilgul) Sesaxeb. 8) ianuka (norCi) _ trapeziswina xeldabanvis mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb, Cvil rabi hamuna sabas rom miewereba da Toris uzenaes saidumloebebs rom xsnis. 9) siTre Tora (saidumloebani swavlisa). 10) maTniTin TosefTa _ moZRvreba sefiroT-ebis Sesaxeb. 11) zohar xaSad _ (axali zohari Selomos `qebaTa qebis~ Sesaxeb da 12) Tikunim anu Tikune zohar (ganmartebani).

(gagrZeleba iqneba)

Documents

Temur sapiris xsovnas