The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope Mission

Zhang, Shuang Nan张 双 南

Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics (THCA)Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics (THCA)and Physics Departmentand Physics Department

Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaTsinghua University, Beijing, China

July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan 2

Current Status of the HXMT Mission• Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT)

– 973 Major State Basic Research Project in China since April 2000 (Scientific Definition and Technology Demonstration Phase)

- 20 Million Yuan from Ministry of Science and Technology- 10 Million Yuan from Tsinghua University- 10 Million Yuan from Chinese Academy of Sciences

• total about $5M– Principal Investigator: Profs. Li, Tipei – Main participating institutions:

- Chinese Academy of Sciences: • Institute of High Energy Physics• Center for Space Science and Application Research

- Tsinghua University: Astrophysics Center, Physics Department, Engineering Physics Department, Space Center

– Apply for full satellite mission in 2003/2004- Full mission cost about $100M

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Main Scientific Goals

• Main Scientific Goals– Deep hard X-ray all-sky survey between 10-200 keV

- Seyfert II AGNs

- Quasars

- Galactic Plane Diffuse X-ray Emission

– Pointed observations of faint objects

- Seyfert AGNs

- Quasars

- X-ray binaries

– High sensitivity timing studies

- X-ray binaries

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• Mass ~1100kg (payload ~700 kg)• Dimension 1.7×1.7×1.2m (L×W×H)• Nominal Mission lifetime 2 years• Orbit Altitude 550km ， Inclination 43° • Attitude Three-axis stabilized

Control precision ： ±0.25°Stability: 0.005 °/s

Measurement accuracy: <0.01°• Main Detector NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) Phoswich• Total Detect Area ~5000 cm2

• Energy Range 20 ～ 250 keV• Energy Resolution ~22% (@60keV)• Continuum Sensitivity ~3.0×10-7 ph cm-2 s-1 keV-1 (3σ@100keV,105s) • Field of View 5.7°x 5.7° （ FWHM ）• Source Location ≤1’´(20)• Angular Resolution ≤5’´(20)

Characteristics of the HXMT Mission

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HXMT TelescopeHXMT Telescope

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Structural Configuration (In the Structural Configuration (In the orbit)orbit)

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Structural Configuration Structural Configuration Launch State with 3 Side-Plates RemovedLaunch State with 3 Side-Plates Removed

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Structural ConfigurationStructural ConfigurationInstruments Arrangement and 2-D Instruments Arrangement and 2-D

DimensionsDimensions490 490 m

mm

m

70 70 m

mm

m880 880 m

mm

m

97.597.5

mm

mm

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Structural ConfigurationStructural ConfigurationExploded ViewExploded View

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Structural ConfigurationStructural ConfigurationInstruments Arrangement on Top Surface of Mid-Instruments Arrangement on Top Surface of Mid-

PlatePlate

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Structural ConfigurationStructural ConfigurationInstruments Arrangement on Bottom Surface of Instruments Arrangement on Bottom Surface of

Mid-PlateMid-Plate

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Structural ConfigurationStructural ConfigurationInstruments Arrangement on Top PlateInstruments Arrangement on Top Plate

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The Configuration of the HXMT

Active Shield

Collimator

Phoswich detector

PMTStructures

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The Main Detector system of the HXMT

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The Collimator of the HXMT

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Charged particle anti-coincidence shield

•There are 12 anti-coincidence shield detectors in the HXMT, 6 are on the top and 6 surrounding the HXMT.

•The detectors are plastic scintillation crystals.

•When a charged particle enters the detector, a interaction will occur and create a “scintillation”(pulse of light).

•The light produced by the interaction is viewed through optical fiber light guide in both ends by two PMT.

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Outside profile

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Shielding mode

passive Active

CsI(Na) CPS Lead(2mm)

Shielding consist of

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The structure of CPS

Roof #1

#2#3

#4

#5 #6

Side

#1

#6

#5

#4

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The fibers distribution in PS board

PMT

Optical Fibers

Maximum photo collection: >99.8%

Minimum photo collection: >99.5%

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The structure of the HXMT

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The ground examination system

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The Background simulation of the HXMT

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The sensitivity of the HXMT

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The sensitivity of the HXMT

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The imaging performance of the HXMT

Source Location <0.5’´

Angular resolution<5’´

20 sigma source´

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• Two point sources separated by 17’

The imaging performance of the HXMT

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Observation modes

• Survey mode of HXMT

– All sky scan mode

– 3-axis stablized earth oriented:

- roll angle=0º , region span=-43º-43º, 66days

- roll angle=30º , region span=-13º-73º, 66days

- roll angle=-30º , region span=-73º-13º, 66days

• Pointing and deep scanning of selected sky region

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Possible secondary instruments

• Soft X-ray telescope– BeppoSAX Spare Module

– 88 cm2 @ 0.1 keV; 56 cm2 @ 7 keV

• Wide field X-ray monitor– CCD?

– Silicon drift chambers?

– BeppoSAX space module?

July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan 32Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University