The key techniques to improve reproductive performance of sows · 2017-11-20 · 25-羟基维生素D 3 • Vice president of Sichuan Agricultural University, from 2017.07 • Dean

The key techniques to improve reproductive performance of sows

Institute of Animal NutritionSichuan Agricultural University

De Wu吴德

提高母猪繁殖性能的关键技术

25-羟基维生素D3

• Vice president of Sichuan Agricultural University, from

2017.07

• Dean of Animal Nutrition Institute, SAU, from 2010 -

current

• 2017 "Ten thousand plan" - National high level talents

special support plan

• 2013 Chang-Jiang (Cheung Kong) Scholar Professor of

ministry of education in China

Email: [email protected]

• 2017年07月至今四川农业大学副校长

• 2010至今四川农业大学动物营养所所长

• 2017年国家高层次人才特殊支持计划

• 2013年长江学者

mailto:[email protected]


1、前言

2、25-OH-D3对母猪维生素D水平的影响


1、Preface前言

25-羟基维生素D3Comparison of Production Level of High - yielding Sows

高产母猪生产水平的比较Item Denmark US China

Litter size 14 12.0 12.1

Born alive 13.8 11.4 10.1

Number of weaned piglets 12.4 10.2 8.8

Weaning survival rate，% 92 90 88

Litter 2.4 2.4 2.1

Estrus interval，day ﹤7 ﹤7 >7

Annual number of piglets 30 24 18Note：Jensen, 2011 and Wu De（2010）

每窝产仔数

每窝存活数

断奶仔猪数

断奶存活率

窝数

返情天数

PSY

丹麦美国中国


Number of weaned piglets/Sows/Year

Number of weaned piglets/litter（65%）

Litter/Sows/Year（35%）

Born alive

（70%）

Pre-weaning mortality

（30%）

Lactation time（10%）

Non-productive days（90%）

Gestation time（0%）

Estrus interval

（25%）

Return to estrus

（35%）

Eliminate

（40%）

The related factors affecting the number of piglets per year

（Anonymous，2003）

断奶仔猪数/头母猪/年

断奶仔猪数/窝窝数/头母猪/年

产活仔数断奶前死亡率泌乳时间非生存天数妊娠时间

发情间隔返情

淘汰

影响PSY的因素

25-羟基维生素D3Nutritional Key Techniques of High - yield Sow in Large - scale Pig Farm

• Gilts

• Pregnant sows

• Lactating sows

• Empty pregnant sows

Stage nutrition

System nutrition

规模猪场高产母猪营养的关键技术

阶段营养

后备母猪

怀孕母猪

泌乳母猪

空怀母猪

系统营养


Vitamin D3 synthesis from sun exposure and food

Allison Clark1 et, al（2016）

紫外线

日粮供给D2和D3

7-脱氢胆固醇

毛细血管

1α-羟化酶

25-羟化酶

维生素D3的利用途径


Allison Clark1 et, al（2016）

Vitamin D's effect on the gut microbiota and immunity

维生素D受体

VDR介导的上游调控

VDR介导的上游调控

小肠上皮细胞

VDR诱导的下游调控

维生素D对肠道菌群和免疫力的影响


2、Maternal vitamin D status by dietary 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25 OHD3) supplementation

25-OH-D3对母猪维生素D水平的影响


Experiment 1： The effect of vitamin on the initiation of estrus

Group VD3（IU/Kg） 25OHD3 (μg/Kg)

Control group 2000 0

25OHD3 group 2000 50

Twenty Yorkshire gilts，70kg

Control group，n=10

25OHD3 group，n=10

Single factor test design

Note: the 25OHD3 group was added 50 μg/Kg (about 2000IU/Kg) 25 OHD3 on the basis of the control group.

1、Maternal vitamin D status by dietary 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25 OHD3) supplementation

试验1：维生素对发情初期的影响

单因子实验设计

对照组

25-OH-D3组

20头约克夏后备母猪

对照组

25-OH-D3组

备注：25-OH-D3组的母猪日粮中添加了50 μg/Kg (约2000IU/Kg)的 25-OH-D3


Items Puberty age Puberty weight Puberty backfat

Control 210.11±5.28 102.32±3.74 10.9±0.3

25OHD3 224.25±2.02 111.29±2.70 10.7±0.7

P-value 0.0309 0.0770 0.7817

The effect of 25OHD3 on the initial initiation of the gilts

The addition of 25OHD3 in the sow diets significantly delayed theonset of sow initiation and increased the tendency to start weight.

25-OH-D3对后备母猪初情期的影响

初情期日龄初情期体重初情期背膘厚

在母猪日粮中添加25-OH-D3可显著延迟母猪的开始，具有增加了初始体重趋势。





Twenty Yorkshire gilts，140.31±4.08 kg


25OHD3 group，n=10


Experiment 2： Effect of 25OHD3 on reproductive performance of gilts 试验2：25-OH-D3对后备母猪繁殖性能影响

对照组

25-OH-D3组



Note: the 25OHD3 group was added 50 μg/Kg (about 2000IU/Kg) 25 OHD3 on the basis of the control group.备注：25-OH-D3组的母猪日粮中添加了50 μg/Kg (约2000IU/Kg)的 25-OH-D3

对照组

25-OH-D3组


The addition of 25OHD3 in sow diets significantly increased the litter size andborn alive, but did not affect mean born weight and litter birth weight.

Items Control 25OHD3 P-valve

Litter size (No./litter)

Total born 11.3±0.4 12.5±0.3 0.0393

Born alive 10.0±0.26 11.0±0.21 0.0104

Stillbirth 1.33±0.33 1.50±0.27 0.7059

Mean piglet BW (kg) 1.29±0.03 1.27±0.02 0.6967

Litter birth weight (kg) 12.86±0.67 13.84±0.44 0.2240

Effect of 25OHD3 on reproductive performance of gilts

产活仔数

总产仔数

死胎

仔猪平均体重

出生窝重

母猪日粮中添加25-OH-D3可显著增加窝产仔数和活仔数，但对仔猪平均体重和窝出生重没有影响。

25-OH-D3对后备母猪生产性能的影响

25-羟基维生素D3Experiment 3： Improving maternal vitamin D status promotes prenatal and postnatal skeletal muscle development of pig offspring




Twenty Yorkshire gilts，140.31±4.08 kg


25OHD3 group，n=10


试验3：提高母猪的维生素D水平，促进猪后代的产前和产后骨骼肌发育

对照组

25-OH-D3组



Note: the 25OHD3 group was added 50 μg/Kg (about 2000IU/Kg) 25 OHD3 on the basis of the control group.备注：25-OH-D3组的母猪日粮中添加了50 μg/Kg (约2000IU/Kg)的 25-OH-D3

对照组

25-OH-D3组

25-羟基维生素D3Daily feed and vitamin D intake of gilts during gestation and lactation

ItemsGD1-89 GD 90-farrowing Lactation

ND HD ND HD ND HD P-valve

Feed intake (kg/d) 2.30 2.30 2.70 2.70 5.49 ±0.92 5.65± 0.41 0.56

Vitamin D3 intake (μg/d) 115.00 115.00 135.00 135.00 274.52

±45.09282.67 ±20.59 0.56

25 OHD3 intake (μg/d) 0.00 115.00 0.00 135.00 0.00 282.67

±20.59 <0.01

25 OHD3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3; GD, gestational day; HD, high-vitamin D diet; ND, normal vitamin D dietND gilts were fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD gilts were fed high vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3+50 μg/kg 25 OHD3.Gilts were provided the same amount of diets during gestation and allowed ad libitum access to diets during lactation.Data are presented as mean ±SD.

日粮和维生素D在妊娠期和哺乳期的摄入量

饲料摄入量

VD3摄入量

25-OH-D3摄入量


Effects of maternal vitamin D supplementation on serum 25 OHDconcentrations of gilts, umbilical cords, and piglets

Items ND ND P-valve

Gilts (ng/mL)

Mating 37.55±1.94 36.85±1.74 0.41Farrowing 34.61± 2.12 65.36±2.85 <0.01

Weaning 36.95±3.29 62.48±3.70 <0.01Umbilical cord (ng/mL) 13.10±0.92 37.93±0.76 <0.01Piglet (ng/mL)Birth 15.59±1.93 32.62±2.18 <0.01Weaning 13.60±1.39 13.87± 0.98 0.61

25 OHD, 25-hydroxyvitamin D;HD, high-vitamin D diet; ND, normal vitamin D dietND gilts were fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD, gilts werefed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25 OHD3. Data are presented as mean ±SD

补充维生素D对后备母猪、脐带和仔猪血清25-OH-D3浓度的影响

后备母猪

配种

产仔

断奶

脐带仔猪

出生

断奶


Effects of maternal vitamin D supplementation on muscle histologic characteristics of newborn and weaning piglets

ItemsNewborn piglets Weaning piglets

ND HD P-valve ND HD P-

valveBody weight at slaughter (kg) 1.29± 0.22 1.27±0.09 0.80 5.83±0.73 6.06±0.66 0.47

PMWeight (g) 6.21±1.11 6.81±1.26 0.33 15.29±3.00 19.37±5.03 0.05Index (%)* 0.48± 0.06 0.53± 0.06 0.13 0.26 ± 0.03 0.32±0.06 0.02MCSA (mm2) 99.17± 19.166 103.80 ± 16.73 0.59 257.00±30.58 296.00±37.60 0.03MFCSA (μm2) 91.42 ±16.39 90.70 ±19.86 0.94 362.06±45.32 408.46±39.21 0.04Fiber Density (103/mm2) 4.30 ±0.79 5.38± 0.76 0.01 1.77 ±0.31 1.93 ±0.22 0.22

Fiber Number (104) 43.18 ±15.12 56.50± 15.31 0.09 45.18±4.96 57.27 ±11.50 0.02LMWeight (g) 22.48± 5.25 26.25 ± 2.93 0.05 62.21±7.24 77.10 ±13.44 0.02Index (%)* 1.74± 0.28 2.07 ± 0.13 0.01 1.07 ±0.03 1.27 ±0.13 <0.01MCSA (mm2) 85.50± 14.58 97.90± 10.50 0.04 218.20 ±41.27 263.20 ±31.59 0.03MFCSA (μm2) 70.52± 16.12 69.81 ±11.73 0.91 183.10± 37.25 224.52± 38.69 0.04Fiber density (103/mm2) 9.74± 0.66 10.51 ±0.80 0.05 3.92±0.35 4.13± 32.89 0.21

Fiber number (104) 83.22±14.46 102.80± 12.91 <0.01 85.52± 16.89 109.01± 20.33 0.02HD, high-vitamin D diet; LM, longissimus dorsi; MCSA, muscle cross-sectional area; MFCSA, muscle fiber cross-sectional area; ND, normal vitamin D diet; PM, psoas major NDgiltswere fed normal vitamin D dietswith 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD, giltswere fed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3+50 μg/kg 25 OHD3. Data are presented as mean±SD* Index was calculated by dividing the weight of muscle to the body weight of piglets at slaughter.

屠宰体重

体重

肌肉横截面积肌纤维横截面积

肌纤维密度

肌纤维数量

初生仔猪断奶仔猪

补充维生素D对初生仔猪和断奶仔猪肌肉组织结构的影响

肌肉横截面积肌纤维横截面积

肌纤维密度

肌纤维数量

体重


Histologic examination of psoas major of newborn piglets. (A) Normal vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3. (B) High-vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Scale bars = 20 μm; stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

初产仔猪腰大肌组织的镜检

A： 50 μg VD3/kg 饲料B： 50 μg VD3/kg 饲料 + 50 μg 25-OH-D3 /kg 饲料


Histologic examination of longissimus dorsi of newborn piglets. (A) Normal vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3. (B) High-vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Scale bars = 20 μm; stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

初产仔猪背最长肌组织的镜检



Histologic examination of psoas major of weaning piglets. (A) Normal vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3. (B) High-vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Scale bars = 20 μm; stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

断奶仔猪腰大肌组织的镜检



Histologic examination of longissimus dorsi of weaning piglets.(A) Normal vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3. (B) High-vitamin D dietary group with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Scale bars = 20 μm; stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

断奶仔猪背最长肌组织的镜检



VDR mRNA expressions levels in psoas major of newborn and weaning piglets. ND gilts fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD gilts fed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 +50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.*P < 0.01. HD, high-vitamin D; ND, normal vitamin D; VDR, vitamin D receptor

VDR mRNA expressions levels in longissimus dorsi of newborn and weaning piglets. ND gilts fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD gilts fed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 +50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.*P < 0.01. HD, high-vitamin D; ND, normal vitamin D; VDR, vitamin D receptor

初生仔猪和断奶仔猪腰大肌VDR mRNA表达水平

ND： 50 μg VD3/kg 饲料HD： 50 μg VD3/kg 饲料 + 50 μg 25-OH-D3 /kg 饲料

初生仔猪和断奶仔猪背最长肌VDR mRNA表达水平


Relative mRNA expressions in muscles of newborn piglets. ND gilts fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD gilts fed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. (A) psoas major; (B) longissimus dorsi. IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGF1 R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; IGF2 R, insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor; MyOD1, myogenic differentiation factor 1; Myogenin, myogenic factor 4; Myf5, myogenic factor 5; MyHC, myosin heavy chain.*P < 0.01.† P < 0.05.

初生仔猪肌肉相关mRNA的表达水平


Relative mRNA expressions in muscles of weaning piglets. ND gilts fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD gilts fed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg/kg 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. (A) psoas major; (B) longissimus dorsi. IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGF1 R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; IGF2 R, insulinlike growth factor 2 receptor; MyOD1, myogenic differentiation factor 1; Myogenin, myogenic factor 4; Myf5, myogenic factor 5; MyHC, myosin heavy chain. *P < 0.01. † P < 0.05.

断奶仔猪肌肉相关mRNA的表达水平


Real-time PCR determination of myosin heavy-chain composition in LM and PM of newborn piglets and weaning piglets

ItemsNewborn piglets Weaning piglets

ND HD P-valve ND HD P-

valve

PM (%)

Type I* 46.85 ±11.02 39.32±7.30 0.08 32.69±7.98 20.21±7.56 <0.01Type II† 53.15±9.66 60.68±8.61 0.10 67.31±5.60 79.79±4.31 <0.01LM (%)Type I* 11.83±2.50 9.58±1.36 0.02 7.75 ±1.15 4.98±1.64 <0.01

Type II† 88.17±6.10 90.42±5.77 0.44 92.25±8.46 95.02±5.44 0.41

HD, high-vitamin D diet; LM, longissimus dorsi; MCSA, muscle cross-sectional area; MFCSA, muscle fiber cross-sectional area; ND, normal vitamin D diet; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PM, psoas major ND gilts were fed normal vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3; HD, gilts were fed high-vitamin D diets with 50 μg/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25 OHD3. Data are presented as mean ± SD* Equal to relative mRNA expression of MyHC I/(MyHC IþMyHC IIa þ MyHC IIb þ MyHC IIx) ×100%.† Equal to relative mRNA expression of (MyHC IIa þ MyHC IIb þ MyHC IIx)/(MyHC IþMyHC IIa þ MyHC IIb þ MyHC IIx) ×100%.

实时PCR检测初生仔猪和断奶仔猪背最长肌与腰大肌肌球蛋白重链组成

腰大肌

背最长肌


The findings of the present study demonstrated that improving maternal vitamin D status by dietary 25-

hydroxyvitamin D3 supplementation improved vitamin D status of neonates, increased muscle fiber

numbers of newborn and weaning piglets as well as muscle fiber cross-sectional area of weaning piglets,

modulated the expressions of muscle transcription factors in both newborn and weaning piglets, and

ultimately promoted prenatal and postnatal skeletal muscle development of pig offspring.

The addition of Hy·D® (25-OH-D3） in sow diets significantly increased the litter size and born alive，

adding 1 piglet to each litter, bring considerable economic benefits.

Conclusions 结论

研究结果证明，母猪日粮中添加25-OH-D3可改善其体内维生素D的水平，从而提升仔猪体内维生素D

的水平，并增加出生仔猪和断奶仔猪肌纤维数量，同时增大断奶仔猪肌纤维横截面积，调节初生仔

猪和断奶仔猪肌细胞转录因子的表达，最终促进仔猪骨骼肌发育。

母猪日粮中添加Hy·D®可显著增加窝产仔数和活仔数，每窝多产1头仔猪，带来可观的经济效益。


Documents

The key techniques to improve reproductive performance of sows · 2017-11-20 · 25-羟基维生素D 3 • Vice president of Sichuan Agricultural University, from 2017.07 • Dean