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The Divided Colonies
• 1/3 Patriots- Support Independence*
• 1/3 Loyalists or Tories- Loyal to GB*– (Middle and Southern Colonies)
• 1/3 Undecided- Lacked Commitment*
• A Civil War
Great Britain’s Strengths
• Professional Army*
• British Naval Tradition*
• Loyalist Support/ African American
• Native American Support
• Hessians- Mercenaries*
Great Britain’s Weaknesses
• Unpopular War in Great Britain*
• Long Supply Lines*
• Fight in Hostile Country*
• Wrong Tactics*
Colonial Strengths
• Fought on their Own Ground*
• French and Indian War Tactics*
• George Washington*
The Major Events of the War
• Lexington and Concord
• The Battle of Bunker Hill
• Princeton/Trenton
• The Battle of Saratoga
• The Winter at Valley Forge
• The Battle of Yorktown
Lexington and ConcordApril 1775
• Stockpiles of Ammunition at Concord– (20 Miles from Boston)
• American Victory*
• Beginning of the Revolution*
• “The Shot Heard Around the World”*
The Battle of Bunker HillJune 1775
• Actually Breeds Hill
• British Looking for an Easy Victory/ Show of Force
• Patriots Fight Tenaciously*
• Victory for the British*– 1,100 Redcoats Killed or Wounded
Trenton and PrincetonWinter 1776
• Americans Defeated in Battle of NY• Many American Soldier Desert• Washington Attacks in Winter• Crosses Delaware River*• Caught by Surprise in Trenton*• 1,400 Hessians Captured*• Morale Boost*
The Battle of SaratogaSeptember 1777
• The Turning Point of the War*• Gen. Burgoyne (GB) Tries to Cut Off NE • Gen. Gates (A) Surrounds Burgoyne at
Saratoga• Decisive American Victory*• Help from Abroad– France Enters the War for the Colonies*– French Money, Troops, and Navy– Marquis de Lafayette – Assisted Washington *
– Baron von Steuben - helps train troops*
The Winter at Valley Forge
Winter 1777
• Disease/Starvation/Desertion*
• Continental Congress Could Not Tax– Supplies Could Only Be Requested From the
States
• British Warm and Supplied in Philly
• Showed Washington was great leader*
The Battle of YorktownOctober 1781
• Cornwallis Moves to Yorktown to be reinforced with Troops and Supplies
• Trap is Set – French Navy Cuts Off the Chesapeake– Lafayette is Reinforced by Washington
• “The World Turned Up-Side Down”*
• Last Major Engagement of the War*
The War is Over• The Treaty of Paris (1783)
– Great Britain Recognizes United States*
– Boarder Between Canada and US Estab.
–Mississippi River Boarder Between Spanish Territory and New Nation• The United States of America
– Florida Returns to Spain*
– Great Britain Removes Troops*
– Rights and Property of Loyalist Restored