J I ! I I I •! The Rights of Indigenous Communities in International Law: Some Implications under M. unicipal' Law* / Sedfrey M. '6:andelaria** INTRODUCTION •• ...... •••••• .... • ........ •..••••... , ••..• 274 . I. CLASSICAL INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE TREATMENT OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES ........ •••••• ...... •.•.•••.• . 275 A. Philosophical and Legal]ustification cif Colonial Expansion B. Attitude Toward the Indigenous Communities 1. In General 2. Some Views of Early Writers i. Vitoria ii. Gentili · • iii. Suarez iv. Grotius v. Pufendorf vi. Bynkershock vii. Wolff .viii. Vattel ix. Wheaton C. Early judicial Attitude: The United States Supreme Court D. Decisions cif International Tribunals II. STRUGGLE FOR RECOGNITION ••..•.•. , .... •.• .......... • .... 290 A. Development of International Instruments B. UN Drqft Declaration o.n the Rights cif Indigenous Peoples C. Aboriginal Title and State Practice Through Municipal Courts This essay was originally delivered during the International Law Forum on Oct!' 19, ;woo at the U.P. Law Center. The essay will also be published in a forthcoming issue of WoRLD BuLLETIN of the Institute oflnternational Legal Studies, U.P. Law Center. The author·wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Ms. Michelle Juan and Atty. Tricia Oco in its preparation. ** A.B. 'So, LL.B. '84, Ateneo de Manila Universiry; LL.M. '90, University ofBritish Columbia. The author is currently Associate Deim and Professor of Law at the Ateneo Law School, where he teaches Constitutional Law, Public International Law, and International Economic Law. He is also Professor II at the Philippine Academy, and Director of the Adhikain Para sa Karapatang Pambata of the Ateneo Human Rights Center (Child Rights Unit). His past works published by the Journal include: The Legal Characterization qf the· (APEC and the Individual Action Plans in International Law, 44 ATENEO LJ. 405 (zooo); and The IMF and the Philippines: Anaromy qf a Third World Debt, 36 ArENEO L.J. 18 (1992). as 46 L.J. 273 (2001).

The Rights of Indigenous Communities in International Law ...€¦ · 2. Some Si~ficant Views of Early ... ii. Gentili · • iii. Suarez iv. Grotius v. Pufendorf vi. Bynkershock

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Page 1: The Rights of Indigenous Communities in International Law ...€¦ · 2. Some Si~ficant Views of Early ... ii. Gentili · • iii. Suarez iv. Grotius v. Pufendorf vi. Bynkershock

J I ! I

I •!

The Rights of Indigenous Communities in International Law: Some Implications under

~ne M. unicipal' Law* / Sedfrey M. '6:andelaria**

INTRODUCTION ••......••••••....•........•..••••... , ••..• 274 .

I. CLASSICAL INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE TREATMENT

OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES ........••••••......•.•.•••.• . 275 A. Philosophical and Legal]ustification cif Colonial Expansion B. Attitude Toward the Indigenous Communities

1. In General 2. Some Si~ficant Views of Early Writers

i. Vitoria ii. Gentili

· • iii. Suarez iv. Grotius v. Pufendorf vi. Bynkershock vii. Wolff .viii. Vattel ix. Wheaton

C. Early judicial Attitude: The United States Supreme Court D. Decisions cif International Tribunals

II. STRUGGLE FOR RECOGNITION ••..•.•. , ....•.•..........•.... 290

A. Development of International Instruments B. UN Drqft Declaration o.n the Rights cif Indigenous Peoples C. Aboriginal Title and State Practice Through Municipal Courts

This essay was originally delivered during the International Law Forum on Oct!' 19, ;woo at the U.P. Law Center. The essay will also be published in a forthcoming issue of WoRLD BuLLETIN of the Institute oflnternational Legal Studies, U.P. Law Center. The author·wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Ms. Michelle Juan and Atty. Tricia Oco in its preparation.

** A.B. 'So, LL.B. '84, Ateneo de Manila Universiry; LL.M. '90, University ofBritish Columbia. The author is currently Associate Deim and Professor of Law at the Ateneo Law School, where he teaches Constitutional Law, Public International Law, and International Economic Law. He is also Professor II at the Philippine J~dicial Academy, and Director of the Adhikain Para sa Karapatang Pambata of the Ateneo Human Rights Center (Child Rights Unit). His past works published by the Journal include: The Legal Characterization qf the· (APEC and the Individual Action Plans in International Law, 44 ATENEO LJ. 405 (zooo); and The IMF and the Philippines: Anaromy qf a Third World Debt, 36 ArENEO L.J. 18 (1992).

~e as 46 ~TENEO L.J. 273 (2001).