TIMPUL GEOLOGIC Istoria geologica a Pamantului

PLAN- GHID pe baza caruia se va realiza proiectul

• http://doru.juravle.com/cursuri/resurse/cursuri_2010-2011/ggp/01.%20GEOLOGIE%20GENERALA%20-%20PREZENTARE%2001%20-%20Notiuni%20introductive.pdf

• http://palaeos.com/

• http://sci.waikato.ac.nz/evolution/EvolutionOfLife.shtml

• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/link/hist_nf.html

TEMA 16 TIMPUL GEOLOGIC

EVOLUTIA PALEOGEOGRAFICAA TERREI

http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~leeman/aNR.html

http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~leeman/aNR.html

EVOLUTIA VIETII PE TERRA

• 1. GEOCRONOLOGIE• Geocronologia este o ramura a stratigrafie care se

ocupa cu datarea (stabilirea vârstei) depozitelor geologice si ierarhizarea cronologica a acestora, rezultând unitai geocronologice (de timp), concretizate în unitai cronostratigrafice.

• Datarea se poate face– relativ, aplicându-se corelarile pornind de la principiul

superpoziei geometrice a stratelor si evoluiei organismelor biologice

– în mod absolut, folosindu-se metode radiometrice.

• Unitati geocronologice: EON, ERA, PERIOADA, EPOCA, VARSTA, CRON

• DATAREA PRIN METODE RADIOMETRICE

• Vârste absolute

Eon Era Perioadainceput - sfarsit (mil.ani)

Phanerozoic Eon: PH

Cenozoic Era: CZ

Neogen N 23.0 - 

Paleogen E 65.5 - 23.0

Mesozoic Era: MZ

Cretacic K 146 - 65.5

Jurasic J 200 - 146

Triasic T 251 - 200 

Paleozoic Era: PZ

Permian P 299 - 251

Carbonifer C 359 - 299

Devonian D 416 - 359

Silurian S 444 - 416

Ordovician O 488 - 444

Cambrian Є 542 - 488

Precambrian: Prc

Proterozoic PR 2500 - 542

Arhaic AR 3850 - 2500

Hadean HA c. 4500 - 3850

Chaotian CH c. 4600-4500

TIMPUL GEOLOGIC

Istoria geologicaa Pamantului

• I EONUL PRECAMBRIAN

• II. EONUL FANEROZOIC

EON ERA SPAN (Mya) Notes and Events

Proterozoic

Paleoproterozoic

2500 - 2300 mya

More or less conventional plate tectonics

Archean

Neoarchean2800 - 2500 mya

First large continental shields

Mesoarchean

3200 - 2800 mya

First widely-accepted fossil evidence of life.  First banded iron formations.

Paleoarchean

3600 - 3200 mya

First stromatolites? Formation of relatively stable crust units (possibly even earlier , but see generally negative review .  

Eoarchean~3800 - 3600 mya

Debatable geochemical evidence for life (no longer widely accepted) 

Hadean Early Imbrian 3850 - 3800

mya Late heavy bombardment of Earth-moon system.

• I. EONUL PRECAMBRIAN -CARACTERIZARE http://palaeos.com/timescale/precambrian.htm1. ARHAIC (The Archean Eon :http://palaeos.com/

• http://palaeos.com/archean/index.html )

2. PROTEROZOIC- CARACTERIZARE http://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htmhttp://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm

• 1 Geografia Proterozoicului– http://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm

• 2 Viata in Proterozoic– http://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm

eon era perioadaA inceput acum(mil ani)

Durata (mil ani)

Fanerozoic

3 Neozoic(Cenozoic)

Neogen 23.0 23.0

Paleogen 65.5 42.5

2 Mezozoic

Cretacic 146 80.5

Jurasic 200 54

Triasic 251 51

1 Paleozoic

Permian 299 48

Carbonifer 359 60

Devonian 416 57

Silurian 444 28

Ordovician 488 44

Cambrian 542 54

II. EONUL FANEROZOIC

II EONUL FANEROZOIChttp://palaeos.com/timescale/phanerozoic.htm#Paleozoic

Erele: Paleozoic, Mezozoic, Neozoic

• ERA PALEOZOIC -CARACTERIZARE• Geografia Paleozoicului (imagini, harti)• Viata in Paleozoic (desene)

– Of the three main eras that make up the Phanerozoic, the Paleozoic is the longest and most diverse, spanning the period from very early multicellular life that only inhabited the oceans to quite advanced tetrapods* and reptiles and extensive forests on land.

– Early Paleozoic: Age of Invertebrates Coelomate radiation (Cambrian explosion) - origin of major groups of organisms; nervous system, behavior patterns and simple consciousness (the nascent Noosphere); continents drift apart.

– Middle Paleozoic: Age of Fish Tropical conditions.  Extinction of many "experimental" animal groups; diversification of surviving invertebrate groups, rise of vertebrates (fish).  Life moves on land (rhyniophytes, lycophytes, uniramous arthropods, proto-amphibians).

– Late Paleozoic: Age of Tetrapods* and Reptiles Ice age.  Coal forests of giant lycopsids, calamites, pteridophytes and ferns cover the tropical landmasses.  Southern landmass of Gondwanaland buried under glaciers; continents drift together.  Reptiles conquer the land

• ERA MEZOZOIC –CARACTERIZARE DESCRIERE imagini, harti

• Geografia Mezozoicului• Viata in Mezozoic(desene)

– The Mesozoic has been called the "age of reptiles", but "age of dinosaurs" would be more appropriate.   There is still controversy over whether dinosaurs really were stupid sluggish ectotherms ("reptiles") or active high-metabolism (endotherm) creatures more like birds.   Even if we define them as "reptiles" the age of reptiles as such begins in the Permian period of the Paleozoic era anyway.

– Tropical (Greenhouse) Conditions.  Pangaea continues during the early Triassic; then landmasses begin to drift apart.  Shallow oceans cover much of the continents, breaking the land into large islands.   Mammals remain small, possibly nocturnal.  Most modern groups of organisms appear. Vertebrate animals (mammals, birds, theropod dinosaurs) develop larger brains then their earlier reptilian ancestors.