Tnh in v nhng tc hiTrong cuc sng, tnh in tn ti mi ni v ngi ta
khng ch lm n n do tc dng khng ng k. Tuy nhin trong sn xut, tnh in
li l vn ln lm au u nhiu nh sn xut v nhng tc hi do n gy ra.1. Tnh in
sinh ra nh th no?S ma st, p lc, s tip xc hay tch ri l nhng nguyn
nhn chnh gy ra tnh in. nh hng ca tnh in c d dng nhn bit qua hin tng
b git khi m ca xe hi sau khi dng xe li. Loi vt liu, cu to vt liu,
lc nn, lc tch ri, m lin quan xc nh ln ca tnh in.C 3 yu t chnh nh
hng n ln ca tnh in: Cc loi vt liu khc nhau khi ma st to ra lng tnh
in khc nhau. Nhng vt liu c kh nng sinh lng tnh in ln khi ma st l:
nha, giy, lng th hoc cc cht cch in khc. ln ca tnh in ph thuc vo lc
ma st. Lc ma st cng ln th lng tnh in cng ln v ngc li Lng tnh in t l
nghch vi m trong khng kh. Do , cng 1 hin tng tnh in ca cng vt th vi
lc ging nhau lng tnh in pht sinh ma kh s ln hn ma ma.Nhng nhn t ny
l cn nguyn ca nhng bng ti v nhng h thng khc vi nhng dy ai cch in
hot ng nh my pht tnh in, thm ch mt bng ti di chuyn chm c kh nng lm
h hi nhng linh kin in t. ma st, p lc, s tip xc hay tch ri l nhng
nguyn nhn chnh ca tnh in.2. S c gy ra bi tnh in S phng tnh in (ESD
Electrostatic Discharge):Tng t nh hin tng st trong t nhin. Tnh in
trn b mt vt th s phng cc in tch xung t qua trc my to ra tia la in.
Khi tnh nng lng to ra ca tia la in vt qua im chy n ca vt liu ( y l
cc dung mi gas , xng.. v.v bay hi) s lm pht sinh ngn la gy ha han.
S bm ht (ESA Electro Static Atraction):Cc ht bi nh khi gn t trng
tnh in s b phn cc tri du. Sau cc ht bi ny s b ht vo b mt vt th do
lc ht. iu ny gy nh hng rt ln n qu trnh sn xut v cht lng sn phm.
Nhng tc hi thng thy l gim cht lng sn phm, mc in b nhim bn, b lem
khi in , kt my , lm h bn in trn ng ng Tc hi i vi con ngi:Vi mt lng
in tch rt ln trn b mt vt th , to ra mt t trng cc mnh mi trng xung
quanh . T trng ny c tc hi v lu di vi sc khe con ngi , trong , nh
hng nhiu nht l h thn kinh , h sinh dc , h tun han. c bit lc tnh in
c kh nng git ngi thao tc gy ra tai nn lao ng.3. Tc hi ca tnh in
trong sn xutTnh in trn b mt ca vt th, khi ln n mc thch hp (khong
3000 volt) s to ra mt t trng tnh in, t trng ny s tc ng gy ra s phn
cc ca cc vt th khi cc vt th ny lt vo trng tnh in, vic phn cc ny to
ra lc ht Culon ln ht cng bc cc vt th ny vo b mt ca vt mang tnh
in.Hin tng ht bi ny nh hng ti cht lng ca cc qa trnh sn xut cn sch b
mt nh: In n, lp t, ng gi thc phm, dc phm, trng ph, sn, xi m v cc
qui trnh sn xut in t v.v..Bi vy,trong sn xut chng ta thng gp phi cc
vn kh chu:- Mng film, chai l b bm dnh bi, tch in lm gim cht lng sn
phm.- Cc bao b lm ra khng th xp ngay hng- Tnh in cao gy ra tia la
in dn n chy n. Ha hon t nhng ni d chy nh dung mi in- Mc in b lem (
vt chn chim, ko ru)- Cng nhn b in git gy tai nn lao ng- Ph phm tng
do ngi cng nhn khng mun li gn mng film- Quy trnh ng rt b ht bi,
ming ti b h- Cc sn phm nm khng ng v tr v y nhau do nhim tnh in gy
ph phm- Kt mng vo cc trc cun ca my- V nhiu tc hi khc
4. Gii quyt vn tnh in:Cc cht liu khc nhau s c nhng gii php khc
nhau. i vi cc cht liu n in th phng php thng gp nht l ni t trc tip.i
vi nhng cht liu khng dn tnh in nh vt liu t nhin, hn hp th ch c mt
gii php duy nht l dng ionizer. y l phng php to ra cc ion trung ho
nhng vng b tnh in, nu khng c trung ha bi nhng in tch t do, tnh in
mt i rt chm. Nhng vt liu cch in cho php nhng nhm in tch m v in tch
dng hnh thnh. Khi nhng in tch khng th di chuyn trn b mt ca vt liu
ny, vic ni t khng th loi b nhng in tch ny. S ion ha l phng tin duy
nht loi b tnh in nhng vt liu cch in. S ion ho cc in t t do trong
khng kh bng phng php phn cc in p cao to ra lin tc lung in tch m v
in tch dng. Nhng in tch ny s kt hp vi nhng in tch tri du trn b mt
ca vt liu do trit tiu c tnh in trn b mt cch in. Cc thit b chng tnh
in c th kh c cc ion bng cch trung ho chng
