TM-Rukovodstvo Za Lab. Upr

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Tehnologia na mashinostroeneto rakovodstvo za laboratorni uprajnenia

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  • uEllA o,85 JI8.

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    phe{ffiffiffi$lffiTffimffie m&ffipATffipffiffiHililP&ffiffif;ffiF'gffiKfiffi TffiK&{ffi$EffifrffiffiW&Meffi$ffiffiffiffiTpffiffiffiffiKffi

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  • vAr( 62r.7.04 (076)

    O CraHco Ko,ree nauroeAcerr flauaiioros leoprHEAHreJ .AHToHoB XfifioBfi.Tlp I lBaHoB tra.lxrrfcrliletap CreSatjoB llerpoBr aKo ftreHrcB llarapuicxur top!aHKa JpeHlJft H.toBa llcrpoeltCre@aa Xprrcroa Crert'ahoB, igST

    c/o Jusau(or, Sotia

    621

    B pbxoeoAclroro e,qaaega MeroaltKaTa 3a flpoBexaaHe Ha ynpa_)r(HeHirfira no ArcqqnnHHaTa Texr.ionorfiq Ira MarrJHHocTpoeHeTo.Krsaero e Heo6xorr,tMo, ca H3roxeHra B c.r,KpareH gHA TeoperaqguTeOCHOBI{ ga Ultepuana, BXr'IIOgeH B yflpaxl{eHr4rTa.

    KHurata e Epe.[Ha3Har{eua 3a cr-vaeHTLITe or cneu}ranHocrra.rexHorlorHfl lra MausHocrpoeHero llpH BMEI4 ,8. W.,rlenHn.._Co$ue.

    n{mepua,rrr e_ pa3pa6oren or auropure, Haxro cregBa: or,qou. K.r.H. HHx. c. fla[ros- r. 3, 4, 6. 2, 7, g a 1l.l r{ rra6,.ynp. 7 H 8; or ,noq. x.r.a. HHlx. A. feoprHes- t.2, 12 a 13 Hna6. ynp. 18; or AoU. r{.r.H. ugx. AHre.n fturon

    -

    r. B; or K.r.n.uux{. n. XaAxuficxn-r. 6.1, 15, i6, 18 H 19; or Hnx. n. ner-poe-:ra6. yry. 5 n 6; or !rEX. A. flarapHncxu- r" I u na6.ynp. 19, 2A a 2\ or unx. fi. I-lerpona jr. 10, 14 n t7; orlil.tx. C. Cre$anoe-r. 11.2.

    t id(,:, lL, l./,/

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    tr. Smrmmanuo pagxpognftFre H& garoT@Brr{10r rrpbToB E JrFrcT$B M&?epilaJr-

    lloctanonxa Ha ynpaxHellHerofloseqero or AeraiiJrnre, H3pa6oreHlr or npoKar, ce pa3KposBar(Hapnesar) [peABaplrreflHo Ha eAHHHT{HH BaroroBKlr. flpu rona .racr

    oT MaTepHaJra He r\40)Ke Aa ce r43nonSyBa 3a KoHKpeTHoTo npoH3BoA-crBo. flpuero e roii Aa ce Hapnr{a orrlaA'bK. OtnaAtxr,r ocK'bnflBanpoAyKrlHflTa, ilopaAld KoeTo e or c'bqecrBeHo 3Haqelri4e Aa ce HaMa-Jlr.r KoJrHqecTBoTo My. Toea ce nocrfira, KaTo ce onrHMl43rlpa pa3Kpog-BaHeTO npH Kpr.rTepuft 3a OITHMaJIHOCT MIiHI,IMaJIeli OTfiaAGK.

    I-le,rra Ha ynpaxHeHuero e Aa ce ycBofiT ocnonHure rIoHflTHr, cBtbp-SaHa c o[TrrMH3rrpaHe Ha pa3xpoflBaHero H c MeroAl4Kara 3a o[rIIN{I{-SHpaHe Ha paSKpofiBaHeTo Ha HerlposltnHH SaroToBKH oT npT,ToB 11 JLI4C-TOB MaTepHaJr.

    Ocnosnu nonrrlrr H onpeAenennfrO6urHoBeHo pasKposBalre-npu Hero yqacrByBar caMo

    eAHH BHA SaTOTOBKHT KOHTO BHHaTH Ce noApexAaT no eAHI'l u Cl,UlldHaqHH Bbpxy craH,rl,aprHHfl xilcr ($ur. 1.1).

    c!nr. I I

    1 PaeuponeaHero Ha JucroB Marepl{an e exgfiBaneHTuo }Ia pa3xpotBagelo lllnpaToB, 3auloTo,'rHcT?,T MoXe aa ce pa3rncx,4a l(aTo np,})l c rFaBOalsrno nailpeqll,O CeqeHlae.

    ',,*':"lri; L-ll. Itii il-r-_t I

  • Ilpeg,ur,rcrsara ua o6nxHoBeHoro pa3KpoffBaHe ca cJreAHHTe:a) unnra Mex(1,yonepaqxoitHn ga4eru;6) no-aecxo ce opranu3rrpa K oc'brr{ecrBflBa rexHorotnqnr.rqr

    qec Ha paSKpcflBaHero.rpo-

    Our. l.?

    HeAocrartrrrT My e BHairHTerHo no-roJleMr{ar pagxoA Ha MareplraI.K o rrl 6 r{ H r.rpaH o pa3Kp off ts a H e

    -

    npu Heno yqacrByBar r{Jrr,rpa3,'ri{qHr.I BrIAoBe SaroroBKH, I{JIr,r eAHaKBU 3arOTOBKrz, KoHTo ce nOA-pe)KAar tto pasilritleH Har{LrH Bbpxy ,'rncra (rpnr. 1.2).

    tr4sre H3rrBHo cr Ha pasKpoflBaHero -npeA,craBnflBa qac-JroBa xapaKrepscrfiKa, noKa3BairIa 6por ua yqacTByBa[ILrTe SatoToBKn

    oT BCeKli B?rA npr{ pa3KpostsaHeTo Ha eAHH cTaHAapTeH npbT ItJrH d'rr.rcT.Orna,u,rxsr 6nea:a) Hanpeueu

    -

    noJ'Iyr{aaa ce B Kpafl Ha BCSK}I [p'bT npl{ o6utcno-BeH0 pa3KpoflBaHe;

    6) paquoualell -- noJlyrlaBa ce B Kpafi Ha BceKH craHAapreg IIp.5Tnprl roitr6uur4paHoro My pa3r{pofitsaHe r.{ e r0-h{an'bK oT 3atroToBKaTa crrafr-Marbr pasMep;

    e) o6q -

    fio"qyqaBa ce B pe3ynrar rra rrsrl'r,Jrlrerrr{ero fia AaAeHorlpr)I,i380"trCTBelio SaAaHHe;

    r) rexr-ro"'rol'r,rrieir -_ Heo6xoArlM e ga trpaBuillloro npornllane r{aTXrroa'iori{{Frfifl flpot{ec FIa paSKpotTBaHeTo.

    'j'exnororraqHfiflT o?tra/r,x]K ce c'bcrorr or orrra,nrrK 3a n'bpBogaqa.[-no o6pa6oleaHe Ha r{e./rara I{a crauAaprHr{rr Mareilt4afi v. ornaA'bK BaVCTAIJOB'iBAI"I13 i{A CTAHAAPTHI-Ifl MATCPI4A,]I B C'bOTtsCTHOTO NPIdCNOCO6-.'13HIIC IIa 11{a:UI1}l1Ta.Odrqa Me?s.qs{Ka 3a o{lTnMri*r{parue }fia Fagt{p{}rrn&HgnoHA *ATOTOEKI{ OT npb'ro& {,r JIMCT'OB M&TepnAJrl

    Xsxoduw danuu:A6i1]Kr{fiA Ha BCr,irIKn 3aTOTOBKIi C eAFIO H C1]li{O HanperIHO Ceqe-

    nne l; U:1... J);npollSBoAcraer]a nporpaMa 3a BcfiKa SaroToBKa pj;p83Mepi.1 HA CTar.rAapTHi4re r-rp'bToBe (nuc'rone), o'r KOprTo l\rox(e

    Aa ce usa:r,pruH pa3r{pofiBa}rero, Ku 1k*l ...t

  • 6) onpeaelrrHe Ha neodxoAunra'. 6potr np"brr4 xie 3a hs,,'JrHeHnerrporrSBollcTBe i{aTa nporpar,{a:'

    xio: !'- +7;t lhn) onpe4entue Ha A.xrixlr{nHara Ha }ianpelinfitr

    C;e*La-iipli;r) onpe4e.rrxue r{a o6u1un ornagrr p:

    P:xCiuX,nj=1

    Aro no.ny.lesssr o6rq or''aA,*,K e Aocrar:bll'o MaJr.bK H peueHr{e-TO He npoTHEOpeqH Ha otpaHr.Ir{eHHgTa OT U3XOAHITTe AaHrIId, IIOAXO_,[,rulo e Aa ce rrpneMe o6nr

  • A1,=iL/Ln, l, 11 =0

    A: =tt L-lr Lr,)l l-z l, Iz=0

    -liLt-i?12)lLrll, Ii=0

    I4=iiL-i;11 i2L2 I3L;)tL4)[=r-Xr Lr-irb-bL:']r Lr

    fleqs.rn xq I,,l^,I*1,,f

    tryqHpaHa npor.r3Bo.4crBeHa nporpaMa, KOflTO Ce paSKpoflBa so o6ur-qacT OT pa6oTr4Te, ctstsp3aHr{ c on-Mox{e Aa ce HsBbprur{ qpe3 qH+po-

    su EHM. Ha $ur. 1.6 e nbxa-3aH anropn?.bM 3a oflpeAenrrHe-TO I{a B63MO)r(HI{Te KOM6nHaqU}rOT I'IHTCHSIIBHOCTH I{ C'EOTBETHITffrrM oTnaA'bK npH pasKposBaHeToHa eAHH CraHAapreH npbr Ha 43afoToBXH C pa3JrAr{HLI A'bd'rXHHH.IIpn*rep

    ,{a ce HaMepr{ Hai?-MarKilfiT6poft np'rrn c @ 50 mrn &

    "u,bn->r{Hbra L:4500 mru 3a pa3KposBa-HeTO Ha BaJIOBe C ,u,bJI)KItHH l1e:3500 mm, Iz:2500 fiIr11 ls-:210 mm u ll:185 mm, HMa-u]u cneAHHTe npoH3BOACTBeHl$nporpaMll: gr: 100 6p., gl:50 6p.pe:550 6p. n gn-450 6p.

    Peurenue" O.IegIrAHo e, qe BanoBere c

    AtJrxHHn \u lrrpfl6ea Aa yqacr-ByBar c HHTeH3HBHocr fi:ir-1"Tdraea Haft-Manrsfrr Heo6xoAHM6pofi np'bru e 150. Or rosacJIeABa, qe 3aAarlaTa ce cBe)KAaAO HaMHpaHe Ha HaqHH 3a pa3Kpofl-BaHero sa 100 6p. nprru c A'br-IKLTHA L1:1000 mm n 50 6p. npt-TI{ c ,(ln)r{Hr,a Lz:2000 mm; Ha550 earoroaKr.r c l":210 rnm K450 garoronxu c

    .r{a,nr{HHEr t.-:185 mm.

    O 6urcuaoeno p asKpo frsa.HcPesy"nrarnre or npecMrrrzl-

    Hvtrra Ha paBeHcrBara (1.4) $(1.5) n (i.6) u (1.7) ca .{,aAeHr.r E,ra6a. 1.1.

    Ogesr.rAuo e, qe aKo ce r{B[oJrayBar HHTeH3r.rBHocTure is1, is2 w i42,ce oKasBa, qe ca HeoOxoAnMH 17 6p. npbrn c Ar,n)KHHa Zz:2000 mm.3a HgnbJrHeuprero Ha npongBoAcrBeHara flpofpaMa ca -Heo6xoAumnr155 6p. npbrn c A'bnlr(Hfla l:4500 mm.

    Ko.u,6uaupavo pascpoflB aue1. VroqHsearre Ha B'b3Molr(HHTe xou6aua4nn or HHTeH3HBHocrr&(ra6n. 1.21.

    I

    tih

    6p.I ttu I cto I c,o',0

    160 I

    2. BreexAaHe Ha orpaHrlqaBaulu ycr'roar{fl.lpueua ce Cr,:g rnm H 0

  • i cir:TeMa4ixt ,

    -!t.1.1

    ' -J-;;-4o: D)tJ

    2)r't,-'- fr: qgIi cprcreua

    3&*6&-5502Xt*4Xs:450

    III cucrelra5Xa+6Xs:5505Xr44Xr:459

    III cncteuaPeutei'r,;,rt IIa regl{ cIIcreMI.I ca:

    ! clr retaa Itr crcreua

    lrtre cror?Hocrr.r ca c'ba3l,tepr4nf?r c AonycKoBoro none Ha noxyrraBaHr.rfi[]a3]4ep. Toea enr.inHne npu4oSuBa c'brqecrBHo BHar{eHHe npu oc"b.'ule-CTBfIBAHE HA TCXHO,!OIiII]HI,{ I{POqCCI{ B'bPXY MAIIIUHII C I.I|IV.

    Tari xaro reMileparypirfiTe ffB"xeHufi, KoHTo nporuqar B TexHo,ro-filqHaTa clrcTella, ca TRGpAe cJlox{Fil4, aIla.rIrlT}MHOTO npecMfTaHe Haronr-rillrrri{re ge$opuaquu e AocTa Tp}'AHo, a pa3}a'rTarflTe

    -

    HeToqHr{.E npampmara Lurrpor..o ce npr{nara eKcfiepu] eHraJrnoro onpeAenflHeF{a Ae$opMaqunre, 3ar{loro ce no,ryriaBa Har.rre!,Ha npeACTasa ga ro-i'IeMI'IHaTa I{ SaKOH:tTe Ha I4SnleHeHlleTO HM B 3aB{4CL{MOCT OT yCiIOBHq-'ra Ha pa6ora.

    Jtr ad op a rtzopvo y np frJtul. eHu IOmpeg,eunme Ha rornJrr.rnF{{.{Te Aesoplrandrdrr Fra crpj/rapcxrrHO$( B 3AE[{CfltfOCT OT BpeMeT,O Ha padoTaTa MyfiocraHoeua Ha ynpaii{!{.en[rero

    lo,reulruata Ha rofid'irrr]Hxre 4e$opnaaqr{r{ Ha crpyrapcKrrfl Ho)r{ ceonpeAe.[fl or pei(uMa ua pflBaHe, @lrauxo-uexaHilqnuTe Kaqecrtsa Haodpa6oleaurrr rlareili.rsJr, ycr'roBr.rflra ua pa6ora, KaKTo H or KoHcrpyK-

    Ta B pe3ynrar or 3arprrBauero t{y L{o,*

  • I -

    Ar.nSoqnnara Ha pflaaHe, mm;s -

    noraBaueroo mm/o6;u

    -

    cKopocrra Ha pffsaHe, rn/nin.loa euuHara Ha 1/ATrr'rixeHnero fla lroxa 3a onpeAeJreHa rrpo,{b,rr)KH-

    Qw.2.2

    TeJrH0cT r Ha pa6ora L{o)r(e Aace onpeAe"u{ qpe3 }renocpeAcr*Bef{o HSMepBeHe Ha cK'bcgBa.HeTO Ha HHCTpyMeHTa npr.r ox*Jra)fi

    .[agero nry. lo"rlelrzHara H&r{3r\repeHoTo c HtcfBa}re ule cb-oTBeTCrByBa Ha npeAxo)r{AatIIo-To ro yAb,TX(aBaHe, tr'ii xaro,ce Kacae ga ron.:rr.rHHtr Ae$op-Maqun, IpoffBeHr.r B npaHrrrl[rTe"Ha eAHaKGB TeM[repaTypeH HH-TepBa,II.

    parop'oro yrrrra)i{HeH'e (gwr. 2.2) Msx(Ay ?t"lffi.ttf :firff .t"9i:TaHoBgBa croMarlenara garoroBKa l, qu,rfio A,bJr)KI,rHa e Aocrar.bqHaesa Aa ce us6srHar npeK.bcBaHuflTa npes BpeMe Ha pa6ora. B noxo_Atpxaqa 3 ce ycrauoBflBa crpyrapcxaar 'uox 2. B"pxy ilpeAHaraqacT Ha cyloprHara AccKa e 3aKpeneHa ctoiirara 4 c uarraepnareJrHErl.Iacosnzx 5 (crofiuocr Ha Ae,xeanero 0,001 pm) TaKa) ue Aa ceocfiryplr BbsMoxFrocr ea 6:speo saB.bpraHe Ha HoxoA.bpxiaqa u yaod_HO yCTaHOBflBaHe Ha KOHTaKT MeliiAy BT,pxa rra Hoxa u Harpaii-HHKa Ha lt3h{epBare,'lHl{ff qacoBtlHK npII I4MepBaHe Ha roIIJrHHHIrre Ae*$opmaquu.

    Iloc.rero nare,-'rnocr nplt fi gntJrueHfie Ea ynpax{neHnero1. 3aroroexara ce ycraHoBflBa Mexr,y rleHrprrre Ha crpyra,a HH-

    cTpyMeHTbT -

    B HoxoA'bpx{aqa.2. Crofirara c irgMepBare,'rHus qacoBHnK ce saKpelrBa KbM cynopr-

    Hara AT,cKa Ha ruaruHHara, Karo ce r.rgB:bprxtsa ueo6xoAauoro rIeH_rpOBaHe.

    3. &larrsnara ce,Hacrpo*ea sa- pa6ora npu pe)r{fiM Ba qucro crpy-rotsaHe: z:100-+150 nn/min; t:0,2--0,4 mm -u s:0,1--0,3 mm/o-6_4. 3arorosrara ce crpyroBa B npoAbn)r{eHae Ha eAHa MriHyra-tr4Hcrpyueurr,T Ce oTBelKLa, Holr{oAbp)Kar{T,T ce BaBbpTa Ha 180o,-ra*To ce ocrrypgna KoHTaKT Ha Bbpxa Ha Ho)r{a c qed'roro Ha iraxparl_HHKa Ha H3N{epBarenHr{fl qacoBHur (npn c?erHarocT, He no-roJlflMa or0,1 mm) H ce orqnTa noKa3aHr{ero ria crpe,'rr(ara.

    5. l4ncrpyrraeHTbr ce oxd.rax(na jl,o reMneparypara Ha oxo,,rHaracpeAa r{ ce orqKTa ltSrueHeHriero B noKaSaHllero Ha HSrIepBareJIHIZfirqACOBHIIK.

    6. floc.leAoBarenHocrra ua pa6wa, o[ucaHa e r. 3, 4 u 5, ce no-Brapfi ca,orBerHo ga 3, 6 iz 12 min Ha crpyroBaHe.

    t2

    7. lTpw oxnaxAaHe Ha Hox{a cteA Haft-roJrfiMara npoA"strxr.rreJrnocrrra crpytoBane npes ctrrlr.ire LrlrrepBaJrn or BpeMe (1, 3, 6 n 12 rnin)ce orllHTar noKa3aHnflTa Ha lr3MepBarenHllfl qacoBHI{K, aa Aa ce ilpo-cd'reAn HBMeHeHHe?o Ha 4e@opMal{prnTe Ha HHcrpyMeHTa.Odpa6oraaHe r{a pe3ynrar*{re

    1. ftront,rgar ce AaHHr4Te sa gar.oroBKara, Hr"rcrpyMeHTa H pelKHMana pq3aHe s ra6n. 2.1.

    2. Haxacn ce pesyr'rrarr{Te or HanpaBeHlrre H3MepBaHHff Ha ron-,'rHrrHr{re 4eoopnaaqua Ha rrHcrpyMeHTa IIpn sarpfBaHe H ox,Jra)r{AaHe.

    3. flocrponna ce rpaSaquara-saBucnil,rocr A,):f(r) rrpn oarpffBaner{ oxJIa)KAaHe Ha EHCTpyMenTa.j. Qnpeaens ce crofiHocrra Ha xoe@uqneHra C or paeeucmo (2.1).5. OQopnar ce nporot(oJr.

    mm/o6 m/min

    Bpeue Ha pa6ota N ox,raxraase, min

    TonaunHa 4eQoplrauufl Ar,n npr{3arpqBaHe. pru

    Tonrgnnu 4e$oplraqua Lr, npuoxJHxIaHe, pm

    ,lfa6opamopHn ynpar{nenue 2Snpelenmne Ha rorrJrr{HHr4Te

    .&e*opMar-{M{.{:Ha xx{"npl$oBb riHaTa FJraBa lia Kpbt.,ybl&dt{,{SoBbrlr{a Ma[fi I,r FraB 3a8r.{CUl\{OeT OT EpeMeTCI r-ra neplHaTa padoTaf,Tocranoexa Ha ynpax{nerlrrero

    Ll.e"rra Ha naSoparopHoro yrrpax{HeHne e Aa ce onpeAe,'ur BaBracrr-Mocrra Ha rorrJrrluHnre AeSopnaa{Hrr Ha ru.lu$or"ruuaTa rnaaa }ia Kp.bt-"loulnn$ontirHa MamrHHa 3a B'burrrHo UrnnsoeaHe or BpeMero na lreii-mara pa6o:ra B Hei{aroBapeno c'bcroflHr.re. TasH nocrar{oBxa Ha BaAaqa-T'a e npoAr{KTytsaHa s} cneAHure cro6paxeuur:

    1) ronnunHHre 4e{ropnaaqHr{ Ha rogr{ ts'bae,r s HanpaB,'reHr4e, Hop-ll'{a!'rHo na o6pa6orBanara noBbpxHliHa, oKa3Bar npfiKo Bnr.rfiHue B6p-xy rouuocrra ir;

    T a 5.rr s ua 2.1

    l3

  • 2) eanpruaueTo B peSyJrTaT OT TpHeHeTO npn lor'lffMaTa 'LrJ'loBaxCKopoCr Ha BpeTeHOTo LI oT 6nugoCrra sa eiIeKTpOABi'IraTeJIfl e SIIa'qurarHo H o6yCJIaBf no-rgy1fiMgTo IISMSI{eHIT e Iia Ae4rOpMaIdHRTe B Ha*qaJrHHfl nepnoi Ha pa6ora;

    @vr.2.3

    3) rervrneparypl{oro cbcrosHHe Ha l\4glrluHara, onpeAe'leHo or ycJlo-Br{fiTa Ha pa6ota 11plI qIiCToTo runH+OBaHe' Ce OTJlitlIaBa B He3Har]u-TeJIHacTeneHoTToBanpHnpa3eHxoA'cKoeToca'ulecTBeHoceonpo-cTflBa npoBexAaHero Ha I{SCneABaHero.

    I4srraepaaHero Ha TOnJrUHHr.rTe AeoopMauwr Ha uIlzooBbr{Hara rJIa-aa 1 ($dr. 2.3) ce r.r3BbprxBa c HsMepBareJIHHfi qacoBHI'IK 2 (cloilHocrHa Aen;Huero 0,001 mm), 3aKpeneH B crofrKa 3, xolro e ycraHoBeHaiBbpxy Macara Ha xptinour.nlr$onr,uuara MaIIIuHa. I4euepnarenunnr"qaCOBHI,IK Ce nOCTaBff TaKa' rle Aa OTqHTa AeSOpMaUI'lflTa Ha rJIaBaTa B'xopIiSoHTaJlHaTa paBHI{Ha neprieHAlrKyJlffpHo Ha ocTa Ha BpeTelloTo'

    -

    Bpemero r Ha pa6ora Ha MailrnHara ce perl{crpilpa c xponoMerbp"'

    flocreAogare&Hocr IlpH lt3ntnHen$e Ha ynpax([lennerol.BtpxyMacaraHaMauHHaraceycraHoBsBacrofiKaracLsMep-

    BaTeJrHHfi qacoBHHK, KaTO Ge OcrrtypfiBa KOHTaKT MeN(Ay uaxpafiHltraMy H Tff.noTo Ha ru.uirsorauHara rJraBa. cxaeara sa qacoBHltKa ceHynupa IIpn OCHlypeHa CTeTHaToCT

    -

    He no-ror'ltlMa oT 0,1 mm'" Z. Br;ir,oqBa ce BbpreHero Ha Ixn[&oBbqHIrr AIIcK'

    3. otqurar ce [oKaSaHI{'-Ta Ha H3MepBaTe"'IHHfl rIacoBHnK npe3 fiH*repBanlr or 5 min B IIpoL'bnlI(eHIae Ha 35-40 min'

    4. I4srnloqea ce ABlIlKeHHero Ha BpereHoro'5. OrqHrar ce rroKaSaFrHflTa r{a u3MepBaTenHHf qacoBHI'IK B ilepllo*

    AalraoxJIaICAaHeHaMa[IijHaTanpesc.budHflI,l}iTepBaJIoTBpeMe"'

    O6pa6ornaue fit peeyrrarr{Te1. Peay.nrarure or HgMepBaHnflTa ce orpagsBar B ra6a. 2.2.2. llocrponBar ce rpaQuuunre aaeNormocr^ 6ru,o,n:f(rl npH sa_

    rpflBaHe H oxJraxAaHe Ha MaqJHHaTa.T a6 luua 2.2

    Bpeue t, minTonrrHnu I npr pa6oraIeooDMatlHI{ l_ ---1,- .um inpHoxnax_iu,rrrr''

    lAaHe

    3. flo 3aAaAeHn or pbKoBoA'renff Ha ynpaxuegr{ero HoMIIHar,re}ilpagMep Ha AaMeTbpa D, 4onycr ?n2 H HHrepBan or BpeMe 11, 12 z&:urnuSoeaue Ha rrapruAa Aeraiinlr ce orleHgBa:

    -

    roJreMnHara Ha HBMeHeHT{ero ADi:2(Ai"r, rr ALn ., ) na ana-MerpaJrr{HTe pasMepH B pe3ynrar or c'borBerHr.rre croftHoTi.r Ha rorr-J'rprHHrrre

    .qeSopMaunv b;i,,n;-

    orHocnre,'rHara tor'reMuHa ria AD| cnpruo Aonycxa ?"p.4. OQopr,ra ce rporoKod"r.

    3. fperuxn or pasuepno H3HocBaHeHa pexerqHfi HHcrpyMeHT

    llol pasaepHo uaHocodne ce pas6apa uanocBaHero Ha tsbpxa Hape)xergfls HHcTpyMeHT h, , nzrtepaaHo B HalrpaBneHlr, HopMad,rHo HaoopaooreHara noB.bpxHuua (Slrr: 3.1).

    PaeuepHoro l.lsHocsaue Ha pexeurnfl HHcrpyMenr e eAHa or oc-HOBHHTe npwiltHw, [o_paAH KOflTo Ce lo!'ryrlaBaT rperxKH [rpr4 MexaHltrr*ttoro o6pa6orBaHe. Iiplr o6pa6orBaHe Ha cpaBHr4rer,rHo A6nrn Aerafinnno MsxoAa Ha HHnwBH,.yanHo flonyqaBaHe Ha pasMeprzTe oT pa3MepHO_TO H3HOCBaHe Ce nonyqaBa rperxKa Br,B QOpUara Ha HaAd'r,rbli(Horo ce-rleHue. flprz o6pa6orBaHe no A4eroAa Ha aBToMarHr.rHo noryqaBaHe HaPA3MCPI4TE PASMEPHOTO I,ISHOCBAIIE NPEAI,I3BI4KBA IPCUKA B AHAMCT*panHIITe pasmepn 2Ar, KoflTo e paBHa Ha yABoeHara roneMl{lla Ha.pasMepHoro r.rsHocBaHe Ha rrHcrpyMeHra (Sar. 3.1)_B rex'oror*flTa Ha MaruHHocrpoerrero e npr{ero pa3Mep'oro HB*HOCBaHe Aa Ce pa3tnexAa ts SaBHCr]M0CT OT nbTs, r4SMHHaT OT pelKe-IrIHs HncrpyMeHr B o6pa6ornaHnn Mra",r, rofiro ce irapnr{a nbr HapraaHe l.

    14 15.

  • llpn o6pa6ornaue

    fr(b.u.ero

    qpe3 crpyloBaHe IIGrflT Ha pfl3aHe endLL:O I' :T-,i)', m'

    o e cKopocTra Ham/min;

    ?n* -- uarunHHoro[pe3 Koero eHO}KbT, min;

    (3.1)

    prrSaHe,

    BpeMe,pa6orHn

    d * Asametbp'br Ha o6pa-6orsanr.{g Aerafia, mm;

    I -

    Arax(lrnara Ha o6pa-6oreuara noBbpxHn-

    ' Ha, mm;s -

    noAaBanero, mm/o6.llpvero e HHTeH3HBHocrra

    Ha pasMepHoTo H3HOCBane Aace xapaKrepuSr,rpa c orHocu-TeJIHoTo II3HOCBZIIIS ftro .

    O mfl.ocumenruo u.Jtroc sa'Hece HapHqa pasMepHoro IlSHoc-BaHe Ha pex(errlHfl I.IHCTpyMeHTupu 1000 m nbr Ha pffBaHe,I{3MepBaHO B ytIaCT'IaKa Ha ROP-FIa,'rHOro HslrocBaHe (@ur. 3.2,yuacrrx II):

    ; hro:JPb r^, (3.2).pru - L2 \"'- /

    KbAero lar, e pasuepnoro I{3'HOCBalre B yqacrbKa Ha Hop-MaJTIIOTO HSHOCBaHe, pm;

    L2-*nXrar Ha pfl3aHe B yrIaCTT,Ka Ha I{opMaJIHoTo H3HOCBa-Hg, m.

    loneransara Ha orHocxreJrHoro rz3noctsaHe naii-Aodpe xapaKrept{-Bhpa paoMepnara r{snocoycrofr,{aeocr Ha pex(erqufl uncrpyMenr npHKouKperHr{re yc.4oBr{s ua pa6ora.

    Jla6opawopflo ynpffi$ruenue 3Onpenerqne Ha [oJreMuHara r{a pagMeprloro l{3t{ocgagets 3aB[.XCI,{MOCT OT rrbTfi r{a pfl3AHe mpl4 CTpy['OBAFIe

    . Paalrepuoro H3HocBaHe npeAcraBilflBa npaKTHqecKH IIHTepec ttpe-AH ECHrrKo ilpil rrncToro n Snnoro crpyroeaue, trfi Kaffo ro oKa3Bal6

    qyBcTBrrTeJrHo B.rHsIIHe Bbpxy ToqHocTraua o6pa6orBaHl{Te Aeralitu.Pasuepuoro H3HocBaHe MoN(e Aa c olrpeAenn no onPITeH nbr'

    KaTo nocneAoBarerHo ce cxeAH 3a H3'l\.{eHeHzero Ha pa3CTOgHHerO OT,Bbpxa Ha Hoxa 4o ns6panara H3MepBa?eJIHa 6aea. flpu roBa' 3a .II,a,ce ilgKJtIoqH BJrprrrHuero Ha TonJTHHHHTe AeSopMaUI4lI Ha Hoxa, e Heo6-xoAHMO HeroBara reMnepaTypa ilpLl l.r3MepBaHro Aa ce noAA'bpxanocTofHHa. 3,? T?u,,t4 rlstl npe,['I,r BcqKo nopeAHo sSMepBaHe Ho.)I(bT ce,oxna)KAa BbB BaHa c BoAa npH nocrosHHa reMneparypa.

    ,Ilocranosra Ha ynpax(EeHneroI{enra Ha y[paxHeHaero e Aa ce onpeAenn pagMepHoro H3Hoc'

    'tsaHe Ha cTpyrapcKHfl Hox npu rIHcTo crpyroBaHe na Aerafiaure r;6aBIIcr{MOcT OT ntTff Ha pfl3aHeTo.

    3a aa ce npoBeAe HBcneABaHero, Heo6xoAHMo e:

    @ur. 3.3

    a) mauruHa -

    crPyr YHI'IBePcaneH;6i saroroexa

    -

    Marepnan croMana 45, d':100+-200 mm, l:E00-i1000 mm;s) pexeru nHcrpyMenr

    -

    crpylapcmu HolK;rj np'acnoco6,reHue Ba H3MepBaHe Ha H3HocBaHero (Sur.

    -3.3);a) neMepeareJleH rtacoBFIlIK c'bc crofiHocr Ha AeJieHuero 0,001 rnme) nana c BoAa H repMoMerbp 3a I{3MepBaI{e Ha reMneparypara

    FlocneAosa'fleJlflocr [x pm pI3nbJI sIeHHe Ha ynpau(Heglaero

    1. 3aroronxara ce ycrarloBsBa Ha crpyfa.2. Hoxst ce ox./Ia)KAa B'bts BaHa c BoAa ts rIpoAaJI)KeFiHe Ha 5 rnin.'3. tr-lox'ur (nos. 1) ce flocraBfl B fipucnoco6.rlesl.rero 3a H3MepBa-

    ne (@Hr. 3.3) no raK'bB Haqul! ue 6aeoeure uy IIoBbpxHI{tlpI Aa Ao',nl{paT II,/]'IrTIIO A0 o[oplzTe 2 w 3.

    - 4. l4smepeareJlHhflT l]acoelrt4[( 4 ce sarlacsBa B npl4crloco6nesaeroTaKa, qe Haxpaiinn:

  • 5. Hoxtr ce nocTatsfi B HolxoA.gpx{aqa Ha cTpyra r2K3, v Hro-.BaTa oc Aa 6bAe neprreHArrKyirspHa Ha ocTa Ha Mar[r.rHara..-^6. Crpyrpr. ce HacrpofiBa Ha saAaAeHHs pexulrf Ha pfl3aHe: o:150+-200 m/min; s:0,1-:0,2 mm/o6; t:.0,2-+0,8 mm.7. 3arorosKara ce o6crrprea B npoA.hdx{eHue Ha 2 min. Hoxtr,ce cBaJIfl, Oxdrlalr{Aa ce B'bB BaHara 5 min, nocTaBg ce B npHcIIOCO6,re-HHeTO r,r Ce H3MepBa ro.ireMrrHaTa Ha pa3MepHoTo HSHOCBaHe. B npo-IIeCa Ha^r4SMepBaHero ce cneAn Ho)Kbr Aa AonHpa n./rbrHo Ao oriopr4-"re 2 H 3. Tasa oneparlnfl ce noBrapr{ HeKoJrKoKparr{o npn pa3nnrrranpoA'bnxHTeJIr{OCT Ha pa60ra Ha Ho}Ka H no!'ryqeHr.rre pe3yJr?arH orH3MepBaHero ce 3anucBar s ra6,r. 3.1.T a6.r'uua 3.1

    ,il a6opantoptto lnpaJtiveHue 4

    OmpeaenmHe F{a ocoerdre nl}euxx{I4 or BaMpeIIEaHeHA AeTafiJrfiT'e ts yHr.XBepca,'reFr fnarpoHHfiH

    llocrauonna Ha ynpaH{FIeHIdero

    ;]erafi;r'r,r 1 (cpur. 4.1) e uepa6orcn or Hi.tcxonbrJepoAHa HilrIHesaKar"reHa KoHCTpyr{rHBF{a croMaHa. Pasr.eepuTe },{y ca ,u,aAer{H Ha$nr. .1.1 u s ra6,r. 4.i. Tofi ce saKpeflBa B qerlocrl{re Ha caMoqenr-potsaui flaTponHLIK Ha yHiltsepca,Ilel{ crpyf.

    @sr.4.l

    Ta6.rrua 4.1

    I Aerarinrl: I I I z I e Iib*'ll--l_l_lI dz I 4omm I 5omm I 70mm t

    "* ",*1. !,erafinrr .1 ce ycraHoBsBa B irarpoHHuKa Ha crpyra, npil-TucKa ce, AoKaTo onpe rrJrt THo B rIeJrIocTHTe lra naTpoHHHKa H ceBaKpentsa aodpe.

    2. firpxaubr Ha rr3MepBarennus qacoeHr.rx 2 (ctc crofiuocr HaAe,reHrrero 0,001 mm) ce aarperrBa B HoxoA:bpiraqa Ha crpyra c rls-tsecrHa crernarocr. HaAn'r,xHara urefiHa Ha crpyra ce gacrorropfiBaH IrgrlrepBare,[Hr{nr rracotsHr.IK ce Hacrpofiaa Ha Hy.[a.

    3. Leraii,r'rr ce ocsoeioltr"AaRa II ce BaBbpTa Ha [poLIBBoJIeH 6rbJI.Ornoso ce [pirrr{cKa Ao r{e,rrocrrrre Lr ce Bar(penBa. llpn ocso6ox-AaBaHeTO, 3aB'bpTaI{eTO 11 :+aKpetiBffHeTo }Ia 4erail.na ne ce Ha6nnAa-Bar noi{a3aHrrtira Ha r{3r'retBeite,rrlnfl rIacoEHLIK. Orquragero Ce fl3.BT,pIItsa Cr'IeA OKOHIIaTeJIhOTO SaKpeilBaHe sa

    .U,eraii.la.l9

    06pa6oreane Ha pesynrarftre1. flocrponna ce saeHcr{Mocrra

    Hoxa H n'brfl Ha psaaHe h, :f(Lr.2. Onpe,aen.fl ce roneMr.rnara Ha

    Soprray.rra (3.2).3. O@oprrrr ce npororon.

    MexAy pa3MepHor.o I{3HocBafie

    OTHOCHTe.{HOTO HSHOCB?HQ h7s

    &. [peunu or HeToqnocr npn 3awpenBaneroflpu ycraHoBsBauero Ha Aerafi.rrlr Ha pa&lEqHH Mera/ropexeqnl

    MaITIHHU n [pnciroco6neHns ce rroJryqaBar rpelrrKu or FrerotlHocr npn3aKperrBaHeTo.

    lo,reulrHata Ha rpe[rK]rre or 3aKpenBar{e, no/'ryrregfl B pgyilTarua leSopnraqur.rre Ha o6pa6orBar{HTe 4erarlnn, ce onpeAerfi rro etr*llrpHqHI{ 3aBr{cI{MOCTr4.

    foner,rr.isara Ha rpe[rKnTe or 3aKpenBaHe, rronyllenr'i, B peey,'irarHa orh,lecrBaHe Ha rexHoJrorHquara 6aga ua Aeraft,r or ctoreerHararycrairoBbqHa rroB:bpxnuHa Ha MaIIrItHara laJwr npltcnoco6,reu[ero, ce'orrpeAens ilo onHTeH n'bT B SaBucu[rocT oT HaqaHa Ha ycTaHoBrrBa]re*To H BHAa Ha npncnoco6.reHuero.

    t8

    Bperue na pa6ora Z,oT HaqaloTo Ea oIIr.iTa,

    Emin

    flar ua pRsaue I, mPaeuepHo r{3HocBaHe

  • 4. Mannny.raqr.irrre, HBJrorrteHlr s r. 3, ce noBTaprrr MHoroKparnopn noKa3aHr.{sr,r Ha ypela ce HaHacrrr B ra6.r. 4.2. flpenopr.lea ce6po:rr Ha r{3r,{epBa}ii4qra Aa Ssae B0-i00.

    5. i{anpeunara rueiisa ce lr3i1'F,pfiBa n Aeraitnrr' 1 ce cnans. !,e-rar'r;:ur I ce. ycrauoBnBa E narpoHnrrKa lla crpyra H r{3Meptsared'rnrlrflTLrilcogHrr!{ ce uacrpofiBa c ofipeAeJrerla crerl{arocr orHogo Ha rryna.f,el,crnnnra, onucaHn g r'. 3 rr 4, ce. noBTaiJfiT.

    6. !,erai,rrr 2 ce cBaJrfi, ycraHotsrrBa ce Aeraiir-rbr 3 rr ce no-tsTapfiT Ir3MepBaHIIFTa.

    Ta6;rxua 4.2I| ]'i! sa onrrra

    r00

    O6pa6oroaue Fra peeyfirarnre

    1. flpaea ce crarncrnvua o6pa6orKa Ha pe3ynrar[re, orpaseul4 Bra6n. 4.2.

    2. Cpaeuxear ce roneMliHuTe Ha lror'rJreeHrrre noJlera ua pascei?-EaHe Ha pasMepnre sa Aeraftrure c pa3rnqel{ AI,IaMer:bP (dl-20; 30ru 50 ntn.t.

    3. Cpaeuxnar ce nofiylleunre rpeuli(K c reetri, Kot{To ce sefiBar[rpi{ ri3rro./rSyBar{e Ha pa3IHr]HI{ KoHcTpyKl{au

    -caMor{eHTpoBatr{l'l ce IIaT-poliHur{x, ,4aAeHrlr n nopnrarraeHl.lre ra6nuun [30].4. Ilocrponaa ce saBacirl.rocrra N{eu{Ay no.rrexo Ha pagcentsane It

    Ar.ras!er6pa sa Aeraii.na.5. C$opun ce nporoxorr.

    S, frrn6gxr'nrgrlcr x-fl& T'exffiornsrF&ry&{[$'f;.ffi cplereMr&Cnoco6socrNa n{a rerrro.riol'}iqHara ci{creilre Aa ce c:F,i;porrag,'iflBa Ha

    geiicieyeaqr4re B nDoileca Ha o5paSoraanelo cr.r,ri{ ce Hap{Lta cra-6;.i,'inocr F{a rexiroJorr{rrlrar;i cx{crer,{a. '|fi ce o.flptrr'rfl riaro orlrorue-Hze L'leii{AV erisi{BaireHT'riara cr4dxa .F" u npeuecrBanero y, orr{fiTaHorc rranpa*.rieuxte Ha rasn cu"ta [3]:

    lloA exelreaireHTHa cr{"[a ce paa6npa raKaBa cl{,ra, HacoqeHa }r'op-MaJrHo Ha oSpa6ortsaHara rloBbpxHr4Ha, [roMeHT'br Ha Korrro e paBelrHa cyx,{aTa or Moh{eHTHTe Ha BCIIqru nei'tcrnyBalqH cl{.rlH,

    ExenganeHrHara cr.{,ra ce I43qI{cJIgBa, Karo ce H3xor.r{ or yc,'roBr4e-TO 3a patseHCTEO Ha MOMeHTr.rTe CnpflMO I,{OMeHTHHS r{eHrbp lra 3aB]p-TAHC.

    flpn o6crrprBaHe Ha BIHTIHI.I noB'LpxHItHIl B HgKoIr cryr{aa eKBLI-BaJreHTHara cura AeficrsyBa no nocoKa or ocra sa ,u,erafi"ra HaB'bH,B pegyd'ITaT Ha KoeTo AI{aMeT'bpT'r Ha Aerafi,'la Ce yBeilnrlaBa. ts .Upy-rH CnyqaH eKBHBa,'reHTHaTa Cr{Jra AeliCrnyea ro flocoKa K6M ocTa HaAeral'ua H BOAH AO HaMaJrflBaHe Ha AuaMerbpa My.

    llpu ur,'rn@onaue Ha paBHITHHII noBbpxHrrnlr, B'brpelil]roKp'],roBo,6eeqearpoeo u-lnn@oeaHe rr Ap. eKBHBa,'reHTHara cr{Jra ,nelicreyea en-Hafr{ no nocoKa or oSpaSorBaHara troB'bpxHuHa Hats'bu, r. e. no noco-Ka Ha paArraJrHara cbcraBHa ria cHd'rara Ha pnsaHe .Fn. ts Te3i.r c,rry-IIAI4 E AONYCTI,IMO EKBI'IEAJIEHTHATA CIId'IA AA CE 3AMEIIfl C PA.U,HAJIFIATAcwlra n cra6n;rsocrra ce onpeAe,'rfl or BaBHcHMocrra

    ir=F! , N/m. (5.2)llpu onpegeJilHe Ha cra6unnocrra Ha BpereHHHTe tsber'in FIa Mera-

    nopexeqltTe MaurHHH no HaflpaBxeHne Ha Tffxrjara oc eKBr.rBaneHTHa-Ta cl{rxa ce 3aMeHfi c ocoBara crr,'ra, nopaAra KoeTo

    i**, N/m,Kb,[,eTo Jc e npeMecTBaHeTo, oTqr.rTaHo n0 HanpaBJreHr.re Ha ocTa HaBpereHoTo.

    Ha npaxruxa ce r{Bnoir3yBar r,rraBrio ABa MeroAa Ba orrpeAe,'rflHeHa cradu.nHocrra Ha rexllor'roruqHara cllcreMa: cTari:rr{eH Lr nporl3BoA-CTBEH.

    fipu craruuHr.tfi r\[eroA ce rr3ts'bprrrBa HaroBaptsaHe (e crarl.IqnocrcrorHue) Ha ts'[,Bd'rnTe Ha rexnoJloruqHara cHCTeMa, c,'reA Koero cer.r3MepBar noryqeHr{re 4e@opuaqun. Tesv Ae$opuaquu ce npHtse}r(AarB Tor{Kara H nocoxara, nprderlt 3a ngl,repBarie ua cra6nr'rHocrra, H Iroc6orBerHlrre paBeHcrBa ce ll3qncd'rflEa cra6li,'rgocrta Ha orAed'IHfiTe3BeHa H o6qara cra6nnsocr Ha rexHor'rorlrqHara cucreMa.

    flpu nponanor,crBeHufl MeroA cra6unHocrra Ha rexHoilorutlHaracr4creMa ce olpeAeJ'rs B rrpoueca Ha o6pa6orsaHero ua 4eTafinurenT. e. B npor,i3BoAcrtseur{ ycdrroBws,. 3a qeJrra Ha eArrH ripoxo4 ce odpa-6orsa BarorotsKa c raKaBa Sopva, ve Aa ce cHeMa HepatsHoi\{epHanpirdaera (ctuanua, excqer{rpr{qHa uJrn NouycHa). Kato ce 3HasrrpeilI(HTe nse Sopuara Ha Barorosrara A, u noflyr{eHrrre rpetrIKnnls Qopuara Ha Aerafta"ra Aa, onpeAeJrfi ce roeSuqrreHrbr Ha yrorl-HqBAHE: (:F.

    (5.3)

    .F.J^ )r

    lperuru Ha 3axpeuBaHerodr:30 rnm

    20

    t i1/ 1ll. (5.1)2t

  • Karo ce ltsnoJr3yBa r\{eroAllKara, Aa.AeHa B JIHTeparypHHrr lrsrorrnflK[22], ce HBI]e]r{Aar c'borBerfiirre pagencrBa, Iro KoI4To ce r{Blu{cJrflBacra5u"'IHocrra.

    JI aSopa m,apHo -y npalicideswe 5

    ExcnepmnnerrraJtr{o onpe&e.i-{fiHe x{a &'romeuTr{rdfr IieHTbBHA SaBbpTAHe ilpH crf.)j/f0tsaHe

    fIoA n'ror'resreH i{eHrbp }ra BaBbpraHe e rrpfiero Aa ce pae6upaHenoABH;4(Ha TOqrda, cnpriM0 KofiTo ce ocbiliecTBfiBli \{}Tfr-roEeijoro 3a-BbpTaHe ua cro"loSeul{Te e,'leh{eHTfl Ha AaAeH B'b3e/'i, nplreTlr K:iT,-' ll5-ccid':roTHo rts'L,pAr{ Te.qa. noA nefic'rgnelo lia cu.[a. HeMr]HaBarrda xce3Ta3a rorlKa. flpel,recreauero Ha Bb3ela B onpeAe,rer{o lratipffBr'iHrrule 3aBr{cH oT nocoKaTa u to.qeMEHaTa Ha eHtst{BaJreFrTHaTa B ToBaHa[paBJreHrre cn.{a, qlri'lrc xroMeHT crrpgMo N{oMeI]THrlfi iIeHT'bp e pa-BeH Ha MoMeHT'a ria 4eficr:s;,,tsaqara Bbpxlr Bbsed'ia cnra cnpflxqo c'r-ilir.Ifl qeHrlp.

    Axo ce 3narrr nocoKara r{ ro"{elrl{Hara ua geficleyBarqara cuila vKOOpAHHarrire Ha h{o[,reHTHr.rff rIeHT'bp na 3aB:bpraHe B eAFra ilpeABa-pr.{TeJ'rHo ns6paHa KoopAnHaTIra cr{cTeMa, r{otrar Aa ce oflpeAe,'Iflr' no-coKara r.r roJreMuHara Ha eKBr.{Ba,{eHTr{aTa cr{Jra B r{anpaBJ]eHi{e, IIep-rreHAnKyd'rspHo Ha o6pa6oleauara rioB'bpxHltHa, a orraM

    -

    H [pet!{ecr-BAHCTO HA B:b3C"IiA B TOBA HAilPAtsJICHI,IE.

    ErcnepnuenraJrHo rrocoKara r.r ro,'reMl4nara iia Aer.icrBl"eau{ara clz-JIa l''tOlaT Aa Ce OnpeAer'lfT C nOAXoAflIl{ AI4HaMOM9TT:,p.

    B roea ynpax{HeHr.re e r{3Jro)r{eH eAI{FI MeroA Ba eKcnepl-IMeHTaJiHoonpeAe,'rrrHe Ha MoMHTHr{ri r{eHT:bp Ha 3aB'bpTaHe Ha cyflopra Ha yHIi-Bepca.rren crpyr. AnaJrorn.{Ho D{ox(e Aa 6r4e onpeAeJleH MoMeHrH-.{nrqeHTlbp rla 3aBbpTaHe Ha BceI{i.I eAHH B'b3eJI OT KOSTO H Aa e MaUrHHa.

    Aro ce HaroBaprr B'b3er'r"br c'bc cHJIa, q[ero Ha[paBneHl4e MnriaBaripe3 l'ioilreHTur.rrr ueHT'bp Ha 3aB'bplaue, Toii HsMa Aa npelbplrn 3a-B'bpraHe. Tosu @arr e ?r3nofi3yBaH B ocHoBara Ha npeAJIaraHHs MeroA.Bseerr'r ce HaroBapBa ilocJreAoBareJlHo c ABe CHJIH c pagJII{qHH Ha-IlpaBilellrlg' TaKa qe CJIeA BCflKO eAHO OT ABeTe HaTOBapBaHHg 'br.'IO'BOTO rrOJrO)KeHPre Ha eAHa npaBA OT Bb3e"'Ia ,U,a Ce 3ana3:H CGIqOTOKaKTo npeAn HaroBapBaHero. Toea osHaqaBa, qe Ha[paBJIei{I.{fiTa HaclIJ{LITe MnHaBar npeS MOMeHTIiUfl r{eHT6p na SaBbpTaHe Ha B'b3eJIaHJr{ oue no-roqHo, Te ce npecnqar B Hero. Karo ce gHasr nanpaB-JIeHHflTa H nplinox{}ii'iTe TOqKn Ha ABeT:e CITJII'I, MOraT JIeCHO Aa CeOnpe,[.ed'IflT KOOpil,I{HaTI4Te IIa npeceqHaTa TO\IKa Ha ABeTe IIa[pdEr-Ie-riHs, T. e. KOopAHlraTIire Ha MoMelvrHHfi IIeHT'E,p Ha 3aB'bpTaHe Hapa3rne)fi AaHi,rfl Bb3e,1.

    3a onpocrxsaHe Ha ex(cilepl,IMenTa 14 npecMlraHltflTa Bb3eJI'L,T ceHarotsaptsa noc"leAoBare,'Irio B Atse npoeKr{HoHHH paEIIHIIH

    -

    xov tt'

    22

    YOZ, npu Koero ce [oryr{aBar Koop,Er'lHarilTe Ha npoeKql4gTe HaNroMeHTHItfi I{eHTbp Ha SaBapTaHe sbpxy TeSH paBHlIIlH

    -

    npoeKql{H'ot(oi'to K0HTO 6H Ce saga'pTgJl B'b3eJI'br, aKO IlaTOBapBalqaTa CIIJIa ne')r(erue HSu'{JIO B cbOTBeTHaTa paBHHHa.

    3a la ce uaroBapll B'bgeri:,T B eAHa paBlII{Ha cbc cHJIa, qllero1IAfiPAE3'ICIdIIC MI4HABA [IPC3 MOMEIITHH'I IiCHT'bP HA SAB'bPTAHE B TA3PIpaBHr.{Ea, ce nocT},IlBa no c,'le,4,HI{fi HariIIH. c%nara ce paSnala Ha ABer(oMfiOHeHTr{ ,Ir B'b3eJI'bT Ce HaTOBapBa c etrHaTa oT Tgx' npu KoeTocc orqr.ira saB"bpraHero uy. Cne4 rosa tol:t ce HaroBapBa c Apyrarat(oMnoHeHTa, [ocoKaTa I{ roneMHHATa Ha KOSTO Ce oTril'tTar, KolarolrbpBoHaqaJlHoro 3aB'bpTalle ce alHyJtvpa. B roeld MoMeHT cyMara oTItBeTe KOMIOHeHTn AaBa nocoKaTa I'I loneMl{HaTa Ha CI.{r'Ia, qi'IflTO npH-,Jtolr(Ha TOqKa e Ir3BeCTHa H 3a qI4eTO HanpaB"lleHl]e ]lox{e Aa ce TBbp-,[K, qe r{HHaBa npe3 NtoMeHTHI4fl qeHTbp Ha 3aB'bpTaHe B c'boTBeTHa-ra patsHaHa.

    I-Io crulirn HaqrlH B'l3ed'IT,T ce HaroBapBa B Apyra nprxolKHa Toq-Ka c'bc crir'ra, qHero HanpaBneHI'Ie i\{I'IHaBa qpe3 MoMeHTHHg IIeHTbpr{a BactpraHe. Herosure Koop.4nHarlI ce otrpeAenflT or npecHllaHeroHa AEeTe HarIpaBJIeHHfi.

    Ocseri gaB'bpraHe Bb3eJIbr npertpngBa II trocrbnare,'IHo npeMecr-aaue B rrocoKa na 4eficreyBalrluTe cnnu. Tosa npeMecrBaHe Ha npaK-Tr4Ka He oKaSBa BJIHgHI,ie B'bpxy rloJloxeHl',IeTo Ha MoMeHTHHfl IIeHTT'prlra SaBlpTaHe, nopaAia KoeTo To' ce npeue6perna r I{3quCJIeHHflTa.

    ,[I0crailonna Ha ynpax{EnewueroB uoxogrpxaqa 6 Ha cyropra (Sur. 5.1 u 5.21 ce saKpenBa Fpe-

    ,Eare 7 Ha Mxcroro Ha crpyrapcKns lrolK. B npe4HIln xpaii Ha lpe-Aara e NioHTripaH ALIHaMOMerbp'ur 5. B noAxoAslrlo rHe3Ao Ha Ar4'HaMoMerbpa e orrpfn Bbpxr,r Ha HaroBapBaulufl tsY,HT 2, KoiiTo e Ha-BHT npe3 AopHLKa 3. !,opurnxtr ce 3al(pe.nBa MelKAy ueHrpI'ITe HaMaruliHara. Ktn rsnoto Ha IvIaIrIHHaTa ce SaKpenBa HaToBapBaqaTa.cr{cTe},{a, c:bcToglqa ce or reJIeHoTo Bbxe /, Nauuasaulo no oilpeAe'JICH HAI{NH NPCS POJIKI{TC 9 N O6TSTAHO OT NPYX(NHHI'Ifl ,II.HHAMOMCT'bPlA.3aaxptaHero H npeMecrBauero Ha cynopra cnpflMo rfiJloro HalMarrrriHara ce H3MepBa c I,I3MepBareJIHI4re qacoBHllqu 8 (croi'iuocr HaAeneHllero 0,001 mm), 3aKpeneHlt K'bM TsJIoro Ha MaTLII{Hara.

    Harosapeauero Ha cyilopra ce H3Bbp[IBa noorAenHo B ABerepaBliHHH XOY w YOZ riocpiAcraoM BIrHroBHfl AHHaMoMerbp Suanu-'ra 2, aaaur e gopauxa 3.

    B paauuuara YOZ cyiloprbr c Ho)KoAr,p)Kaqa 6 ce Ha?oBapBanoc,'IeAoBare,'IHo B r. A u 6 cr'c cflna Fz (nonoxeHne I H II na el'xero Ha HaroBapBaulara cl{creMa

    -

    Sur. 5.1). Cnea Karo ce npI'rJIo-)r{r{ cHJIara B eAHa or ABere roqKu, c BLIHTa 2 npes .nH}IaMoMTApa.5 cynoprrr ce roBapi.I c6c cuna Ft .u,o Bpr,uraHero My B blr'Iotsoroflonolr{eHr4e, Koero e HMaJI npeAlr HaToBapBaHero My c:bc cvila F?.Tona noao)Kenl.Ie ce ycranoBqBa c HgMepBareJrlll{re qacosHUIdH B.

    23

  • l\ \,\.J_t

    6 CroftHocrra na F, ce orrrnra[4OMeTpHqHaTa BHJIKa.

    3ay.necueurreBT. AuBrrocoKa cwnw Fr.

    llpu raen nocrreAoBare.,rHocr Ha pa6ora B6pxy cynopra e r. An 6 ca npnnolKeHn ABe CHJIH, r{urITo HanpaBneHHr Mtr{Hanar npe3 Mo-MeHrHHrr qenTbp Ha 3aBbpraHe B paBnusara YOZ.

    Or yc,'loaneTo 3a paBrroBecHe Ha cliJiHTe cnpflMo M1 'tttoxe Aa ceHAfIIIlllE

    (5.4),(5.5)'

    (5.6)

    (5.7)'

    B panuunata XOY (Qnr. 5.2) Herrlara ce noBrapfl?. 3a ynecHe-'HHe cunrrre F" e'r. A u E ce nprreMar eAHaKBr.r.

    Or ycaoanero Ba paBnoBecue Ha cuJrr{re cnpnMo M, uoxe Aa ce.Hamilue

    c r,r3r\{epBaretHnfi qacotsHHK 4 ga l.(u:'j,a-.ce ilpn.llarar eAHaKBH no ctofinocr r'

    @sr.5.l

    F Y':FT Z;!tF"(Y1-l):Flr Z.

    Omyx 3a KoopAr.rnarnre Ha Mt ce noflyqaBa,FIY^,:

    ,rJhr l;t Jtr- t !,trzrr-;f+n I'

    t !r-t t,

    F*Y2: Fj,X;F"(Y2-t)-Fj:2.

    3a xoop,Ennarr.rre He M2 ce fionyrraBaFT

    v 'Yz r.t ilt r- ,l ,l o,'!r-' y"

    FXu,:-F -7y l''!''J"

    (5.8),(5.e),

    (5.10).

    (5.11),,

    Axo a gacTHocr Xa,:Q, npeMecrBaHurra no oc I/, orrIHTaHg e.qaCoBHHqH?e 3, ufe 6r4ar npeHe6pexnMo Mor'rKlr ts cpaBHeHHe c ilpe-,MecrBaHuflra no oc X. Or csog crpar{a npeMecrBaHurrra no oc XIqe 6rAar nponoprruoHa.rrHr{ Ha ycyroarrlnTe MoMeHTH, cbsAaAeHH or'curlaTa Fr, xogro e ,npHnox(eHa Ha pa3IHqHH paMeHa cnpfiMo roqKa-ta lll2. Karo ce HMa npeABHr roBa, sa rrpnnataHero Ha cu,rara .Q e"r. A n.5 uoxe Aa ce Hanurue

    F*Yu, AXIw4:77;' (5.12)

    25-24

  • KbAeTo AXr lt AXu Ca npeMeCTBaHHflTa Ha r. B no HaIpaB^IIeHIIeHa ocra X c,reA npil.laraHe lla clld'Ia { clornerHo B T. A u' 6.Orryr ce F{aMripa

    Ax,\,/tlt^1"- 'ru'r_ J4r-ll\I I

    K'1,.{,ero I e paacroxHl'IeTo Med{Ay 1. A fi 6.Ar

  • ocra I/ Ixr KoopAHI'IarHara clICTeMa. Haroeapnauero Ha cI4cTeMara ce'HBBbpuBa qpeo HaBHBaIT Ha BHHra & npu Koero [BIiJIXara 5 ce ,rye-Qopmtrpa e,'racrHrnlo. Crofisocrra Ha npl{Jlox(eHara clzJra ce noilyr{aBa'iaio npneeeAeHHe Ha l{3MepeHara c qacoBHsua 4 ie"{acTltqHa Aeoop-

    1 2 3 45

    @nr. 5.3

    Maur.rff HA BHr-nK&rt ll .4e(poprraalluounara fi xoscraHra. B peeynrar H&ctgAaAeHoro BbrpelxHo HaroBapmne cacreMara ce ,u,e$opMupa, Ka?ooTAeJrHraTe fi Bb3ill{ npeTbpntBaT I43BeCTHO IIpeMecTBaHe rlo HanpaB-Jrenr{e Ha Aericreysau{ara cvila. Toea npeuecrBaHe ce pel}rcrpupa cr.r3MepaBTerHHTe rIacoBHhIrH 1, 6 v 9 (croriHocr Ha ,II,eJIeHI'Iero0p01 mnr), 3aKpeneHlr vpeo crofrxl{ KbM orHocure,ruo HenoABIr){HoroTSJIO HA MAIXHHATA.

    F{ardnapeanero ce In3BbpllrBa B Tor{Ka, rlltfiro KoopAl'rnara e nocpeAara Me)KAy BapxoBere Ha ABara l{eHrtpa. Karo ce ImnoJI3y-Bap^asercreo (6.15; or JIIIreparypHIIfl IrBroqHHrc l22l n ce saMecru X c

    . F,,Js.c-D-V-, (5.18)Yrrn, Yn, vt Y"" ca r.r3MepeHr{Te npeMecrtsau?rfi Ha cy[opTa, [peAHoro,n 3aAnoro ceAno no HafipaBner{fie Ha ocra F.

    llocne4onareJruocr nprx usnbnHenue Ha ynpalxnenuero1. floArorsq ce onuTHara ycranoBKa:a) ycranoarBa ce AopHrzK.br Me)KAy IIeHTpnre Ha MarrrnHar&, Ko-

    'fo pa3cTOsHrZeTO MeXAy rreJroTo rra TgJ,toTo Ha SaAHOTO CeA-Jro r{ Aflcnoro qe.[o Ha rrarpouHr.rKa ce noa6wpa cnopeA ra6n. 5.2;6) ycraHoenna ce uptitr crc cQepara B Ho)KoAlpx(aqa Ha cy-/nopTa;

    a) ycranoanna ce Br.rJrKara Meli(Ay Bi{HTa u cSepara Ha npbra;r) sarpennar ce crorirgTe, uoceuln HgMepEarenHHTe qacoB'Hrlr{, c

    tKoI{To ce orlII'ITar npeMecrBaHr4t ra Ha rlpeAHoro cAro, BIAHOTO ceA.Jro n cynopTa B,ctoTBercrBHe c $zr. 5J;A) ycrauoerBar ce H3MepBare.[HHTe qacoBnr.rqr.r raKa, qe ocuTe Ha,H3lrepBare,rrHnre una Haxpafrnnw ra 6.a[ar ycnopeAHn Ha ocra y upa3rrono)KeHH CAorBerHo cpeuy B6pxa Ha npeAHr{fl rIeHrBp (uacor_tturc 1), cpeqy Blpxa Ha 3aAHVfi qeHrbp '(uacongnr 7) H iperqy ue,""'31X1-,i31# f. tlil3:lf"X} npeBo^ Ha uan-srrcxara qecrora Ha,tsbpTeHe.

    2. Cro6paeno c ra6l. 5.3 ce ofipeAenff MaKcHMaJrHo AorrycruMoroillaToBapBaHe Ha Marxl,rHaTa.3. flpeaeapnTer'rFro ce HaroBapBa u pa3ToBapBa Ma[ruHara c MaK-

    ,cfiI,{aJrrio AonycruMara crl;lta 2*3 ntrn.4. HacrporiBar ce BcHLrKrr HsMepBarenulr qacotsHflrlu Ha HyJra, Ka-

    ro ce ocHrypflBa npenBapr{TenHa cTerHaTocT r{pe3 3aBbpraHe Ha ro-nrMara crpeJrra Ha o6opor H [oJroBr{Ha.

    5. llocreneHfro ce r{aroBapBa clrcreMara npu yBenr.rqaBarre Ha cr{-JIaTA npe3 eAf{aKBH r.rHTepBaJrI.r, Aor{aTo ce nocTl{tHe MaKCHMaJIT-IO AO-nycruMara cu.[a. PaeloBapBa ce e o6patua nocd'reAoBarefiHoc,T, Orqu-'rer ce IlpeMecTBaHVffTa Y"rn, Yn" u Y"" npu BcflKa creneH Ha Haro-BapBaHe r.r paaroBapBaue fi ce ganrtcBer peeyJirarr.rre e la6n. 5.4.06pa$ormane Ha peejrJnrariire

    1. I-trocrponaar ce rpa$r{qunTe BaB{4crlu{ccrw Yr-f {Fu} ea npeA-iroTo ceAJIo, 3aAHoro ce"{,,Io Lr cynopra. 3aueng ce Fiar{}rneHara .[ill{r:rflr{a Ar]arpal4a a c eAsa ycpeAHfltsau{a ilpaBa..

    2. trlpecrtr,arar ce cradnnsoclia Ha orAer'tHi{Te tsbs"Trr "iry,u jn" 14t,.

    "ts l{/m, r(aro ce raano"rsylar Sopnry.rria (5.i6} (5.IT'} v iS.iS; nipa$trtuule gatsirudMocrn. Cpanrineal ce nonyueHi.rre pegyr'irarr4.iJ. Wequcnfina ce o6qara cra6lr,nuocr sa crpl'ra -uo @opuyaa(5.15).4. C$opun ce lrporoKoJl.

    on

    t^__ufCMOX(e il,a

    F, (rrk raro (:r7 :a:1), sa cra6l'{rHocrra Ha crpylaiCC HATIilIIIC

    *:*"*(**;)',FVJcvr- ,

    'cyn,FVI

    -:.J\.C-, Y ,_'nc

    Kl.u.eT0

    (5.15)

    (5.16)

    (5.17)

    A-A {y3eru -rero}

    ,.-9

    28

  • IMaxcr'.va,reH o6pe6or- |BaH .lualrerap D, mm I

    I

    T a 6.'r u ta 5.2

    Ta6:rs&a 5.3

    lperuxara ua SaroToBr{HTe 3a BCflKa rpyna eA3s: H;- h;, (5.20)

    l(bAeTo I e aHAexcrr, oflpeAe,,rflul Ho],{epa Ha rpyrrara.3aroroexi{re ce mnu$oBar Ha eAuH ;poxo r,^("rt nlo.nrHHo rxnnQo-

    T a 6.rr u u a 5.'l

    l-t-l''

    /.yn lr,IlpI|

    JIa6opamopHo ynpd.nc*eHue 7

    Onpe4ennHe Ha cTa6nflHocrra [ra Irr'IocHouIJiu@onnuuaNralIrHHa Ho npor,r3BoAcTBeHHq MeTOA,

    llocraHosxa Ha ynpalrl{enl{eroBrpxy MarHr{TFrara Maca Ha Marunuara ce ycraHotsrBar ixecr npl{3*

    ]ITATIII{HI{ SAIOTOBKH, OT KOIITO TPPI HMAT BI{COqI{F]A 11, A OCTANA;{I4TErplr

    -

    h (QHr. 5.4 a). L[upovl.tuara Ha 3aroroBxrlre D e no-uanKa orurr4poirHFlara Ha iunllooBT,qrrfifl Aacr B.

    3arorosxun-e npenBapI4Te.rlHo ca rulnrfonaur.r e.[,Hotspe]\/teHI{o no'Tpr{, npu KoeTo e crra3eHo ycJioB[ieTo

    ff 1: I7r- lJuht: /tz- he.

    @ur. 5.4

    nane) npu rocrosHHa cKopocr Ha pn3aHe, rrocrosHHa HaAnr,)KHa cxo-pocT Ha MacaTa Ha MarxfiHaTa H eAHo rr cbrllo Hacrpofinaue ua.pa3Mep.

    lpeurxara na AerarlJlure 3a BcflKa rpyna (Qnr. 5.4 d) ce onpeAe-ns oT H3pa3a

    Loi:Hr,-ht (5.21)Vc,'lonnqra 3a npoBexAaHe Ha ynpaxHenrrero ce onpeAenflT or

    cneAHra?e cro6paxeHzn:1. lpeurrure Ha saroroBKnTe rpn6na Aa 6rAar AocrartrrHo ro-

    JreMrr, 3a Aa ce noayqar rpetuKu na g.etarl"rure, Koliro Mofar ,4a cerr4gMeHflT c AotTarbqHa roqHocr. lpeurrrlre Ha BaroroBKI{Te ce JIHMH-Tr4paT oT MOUIHOCTTa Ha Ma[inHaTa C orne,Il,

    .&a ce cHeMe MaKCH-Ma.qr{ara upu6anxa zm^" Lt o? ycJloBr.rero Aa He ce no,'Iyqu npetapgnerra r\rarepuaJra lro noB'bpxHocrra ua nrnuSonauure 4erari.tll.

    2. flpiz6anxzra zmin Aa 6b.[,e Bb3MoNiHo safi-nra,rxa:Z.tn{0,01 mm.

    3. HaAntxnara cKopocr ua tlacara Ha l\,{auruHara {,/"rr,, ce noA-6npa no HopMarHBH, Karo ce B3eMar ilpeABr.r!, )rc.,rotsufr? ua pa6oranpH urna$oeaHe ua Aeraii,'rr.rre c uaii-ro,rqMara npllSanK& zmax.

    @opuyllr Ba r{3qr,rcJl5{Ea[Ie F{a crafisJruocrra Ha Man-$r4naraflpznara ce Mero.qnKara, r{3Jro)KeHa E rn3ToqHr{Ka 1221. Karo ce

    ri3eh{e npeABr{A 3aErrcI4MOcTTa 3a OnpeAed'rgHe Ha paAnaaHaTa c.bcrats-

    Ft,N

    npu

    BAHC

    npldHaroBap-

    BAHC

    lIpEpa3ro-

    BapBaHe

    3l

    Maxcr.rvamro Aonlrcrl,t-Mo HaroBapBane F, N

    ,fl,eQopvauun, p m

    30

    (5.1e)'

  • ffra Ha cHJIaTa i{a pff3aHe npH A6il6oqHH}IO IxnfisoBaHe . Ha HesaKaJIe-.ffrn BaroroBKL or croMaHa 3 c nepra{:ephffra IIl urau$oolueH 'w.IcK,E650CM2E5 [16]

    Fy-zs t''u o',:|o,Bo'e, N,,MoiKe Aa ce HaIIElI]e ir3pa3'bT sa oFpeAe']IffHe Ha,,rIJIocKoIIIJIIl@onlunara tolaulusal:

    J*:10-s .28 ao,'!o, ts''"f , N/ln'KbAero usawr e HaAnb)KHara cKopocr-Ha Macara Ha MaIUI{HaTa'

    K-roerbnqlreHr Ha yroqnaBaHet K:*'3a no-ronqMa roqHocr ere Qopuyla (5'23) ce 3aMecrBa

    KlKz*Kt(: l1"p: ------j-- '

    {fiocle,4onare{Hocr npu Hsnbrneuue Ha ynprxgegnero

    6. LlfuuQonaHe Ha BcIiitKH 3aroroBKu (na er,r'rH npoxoa).7. Crrenane ua

    'reraft,mlre or MautuHara, r{${epBaHe Ha pa3Mepr.rren, u hi H rraHacsHe Ha nonyr{eHnTe peoyJlraru n ra6lnllara.

    .O6pa6ornaHe Ha pesyrrarilre(5.22)

    craSuvtlrocrra na

    (5.23)m/min;

    (5.24)

    H3C,'le.U.BaHeTO.wht(Ymmce ra6r. 5.5.

    1. flpecnarrane@opuyna (5.20).

    2. flpecnnnraue;uy.rra (5.21).

    3. OnpegunHe Ha xoe$nquentnrerpynn saroroBxr4 no Soprr,ry.rra (5.23).

    4. Vls,rucasBaHe Ha cpeAHara croftsocr'flrBaHe K.p no Qopruy,ra (5.24).

    5. tr4squc"'rfiBaHe Ha cra6u.rrHocrra HalurrrHa no $opnay.rra (5.%).

    6. OQopurHe Ha rlporoKoJl.

    Ha rperllKHTe Ha 3aroTOBKHTe 3a BcsKa lpyna noHa rperxKr{re ua AerafiJra sa BcsKa rpyna no Sop-

    Ha yroqHsBaHe l(; 3a rpnrena roe$uqneHT& Ha yrorl-

    n.nocxour,rnQoB6qHara Ma-

    1. Onpeae,rflr{e Ha yqaoBnflra 3a npoBe)KAaHe Hai. r,t.ii.p"u". na pas"repnre Ha earoronrute l'lt.TorrHocr 1 [m) n HaHacfHe Ha noryqeHnre pe3yJlrarnTa6nr.rua 5.5

    . Jla1opamopHo ynpairuenu.e B'Onpe4e*sne Ha cradltlHocrra Ha 6eeueHrpora.xuru4otsbqHa MauuHa no npoI,IsBoAcTBeHHq MeroA

    .flocranonra Ha ynpax{HeHlaeroExcne pnue nraJrHlrre garoroBKu npeAcraBnsBar [Iecr UqJII'IHApIrqHIz

    .gerafi.la g' gr.uxnHzl L, pazua H/IH no-ro"IlflMa or rrrr'IpolllIHara Ha UIJII{-4soetuHtrx gucx B, TpIt oT KoI,ITO I{MaT ALIaMertp Dy a ocTaFIaJIfIlITe ._.Dz (Sry'. 5.5).

    II rpyna3AIOTOBKI,I

    III rpyna3AIOTOBKH

    ''22 l*l hrlo;to,tsr: IzlI

    I

    ^.

    Kt- l- i

  • 4 c no-ronrua npa6asra, rrpll Koero ,4,onbJIHI{Tg"tIT'Io ce yBenuqaBar'AeQopMalrnrre y. B xpar ua runnfionanero B pe3y/Irar IIa Herlpe-KbcHaro HaMaJIgBaIqara ce AonHpHa nJIolIr MelI(Ay Aerarlna 6 u mn:a'soer,uunn 4r.rfi< aeooprraargr4"te y orHoBo HaMaJIflBar. fTopaAn reen'npnvunn @oprr,tara sa Aerahnsre, o6pa6oreulr cneA urnu$oeauero Ha'eAHH npoxoA, ce noJryqaBa cbtJlacgo $Iar. 5.5. BnxAa ce, qe ca-n,to Aetalinnre 2 u 5 ocrasat c qirJiLrHApHuHa $opnaa, ltopa4l Koeroce ueuepnar caMo rexHfiTe pasMepu Eper,I4 L cneA runHfionauero-

    Vcnoangra sa npoBe)KAaH Ha HScJreABaHero ce o[peAeffIT or'cJreAHlrre cro6paxeuna:

    1. 3a aa ocraHe IILUII,IHApHTTHa Qopnaara Ha I'l3MepBaHnrs Aerafiala2 n 5 cney, utan$oaaxero, neo6xoAtltr,to e BcHqKH SaroroBKlt c orr'peAeneH Anartrerrp Dt(Dr\ Aa 6'v\ar c MHHHMaTTHa rpellrKa na sop-MaTa B HaAJI'II)KHOTO U HanpeqHOTO CerIeHI'Ie H .U,a nMair eAHaKbB pa3*Mep Ha AHaMerbpa. 3arosa saromBKlrlre c onpeAeJleu ,ILI4aMerbp npeA-Bapr{re.rrHo ce ur.nn@onar Ha B-10 npoxoAa npn xacrpoftKa Ha MaITIH-Hara 3a cboTBerHHfl AHaMerbp.

    2. Paenrat

  • 6. HacrpofiBane Ha rexuoJlott{qnaracilcreHa ]la pa3Mep6.1. CrarI4rtHo Hacrpofinalle Ha rexnoJlornquaracrdcreMa Ha pa3Mep

    Crnlsocrra Ha MeroAa ce c,rcrou B ToBa' qe npn HenaroBapeHaMaruHHa r{r.rcrpyMeHrbT Ce ycTaHoBflBa s iaroea noJIo}KeHI'Ie, [pl',I KOe-To B npoqeca na o6pa6orBanero Ha n.rp'Bl'Ire r,etailnn ce ocIlrypflBailonyriaBanero Ha pa5oruzr HacrpoeqeH pa3Mep.

    VctaHceaeaHero Ha pe)Keqnfl LIHcTpyMeHT Ha pagMepa 3a craruq-Ho uaCrpofiBage Ce I{3Bbp[IBa IOCpeACTBSM eTaJIoHIr' KOI{to ce ilo-craBflr Ha Mrrcroro Ha o6pa6oreaH[s Aerafia. tr4HCrpyueuT'bT ce Ha-rJlacflBa raKa, r{e Aa Aonpe Ao eraJloHa' H cJIeA TOBa ce 3al(pe[Ba'

    , llpu ueranopeu(eqr MarrrnHrr c l_lflv saAaqara 3a HacrporinaneHa rexHoJlorl{qHara ctrcreMa Ha pa3Mep ce peuaBa sari-o6qo Ha'ABaeTana:

    1) nog,roroeKa Ha npucnoco6.tteHllnra I'I pelreu1nTe HHCTpyMeHTnT]3BbH MAIIHHATA;

    2) .u,oHacrpoilaaue elpxy caMara MaIxIrHa.Cj6rrr.ose*{o npfi crpyroBnn Marrr,rHr{ c Ilf,lV Hacrpofinauero Ha

    pe}KeuIHTe[IHcTpyMeHTnHapasMepceH3B.bp[IBaB'bpxycaMaTaMa.urHHa, KaTo ce H3[onSyBa B'b3MO]I(HOCTTa 3a B'bBeXAaHe Ha KopeKIII-IH.

    flpu o6pa6orBarll{ ueHrpu, KoopAI'IHarHo pascrlbprBalqa H ApyrnMarrrgHr{ c Uf[V 6opulaurare ce uac'rpoiiBar H3B'bHMauI'IHHo Ha saAa-AeHAHaMeTbp,aAbJIXI'IHHTeHaBcI',IqKI{HHcTpyMHTncaMoceare'cTr.rpaT, T. e. I.ISMepBaT ce.

    IIpn recun AorrycKoBH rroJreTa ce r.r3B'bprxBa npeABapHTeJIHo Ha-Crpoitnaue Ha Ar.raMeT-bp, npn xofi'rO e rapaHTLIpaHo, qe HnMa Ia Cefionyqu He[e[paBHM 6par, a OKOHqaTeIHOTo l{acTpofieaHe Ce i'{SBbpII]-ea no npo6Hl{ crpyxKl{ Bbpxy caMara Ma[II{Ha. Tosu MeroA ce npaK-TidKyBa'KolaToJII{ncBaTAaHHI{SaI,I3qI,IcnflBaHeHapasMe{paHacTa-TlrqrHo xacrpofiaane.

    B sgroH cJryqaH HSMepBaHeTo Ha A.rrrl)Kr.lunre (n,rn paS.rI4KaTa cnpff-Mo 3aAaAeHa 4urxr'rna) io ne""ptu"a B:bpxy caMara I\laurn*a c Uny'

    Jl afiopamopvo ynpeilcdeaue 9

    CrarnqHo HacrpofiBaHe Ha pa3Mep Ha 6opuaHraBa o6padortsaul IIe[ITbP

    B rosa ynpaxHel'IHe e pa3l,'IeAaHo caMo H3Bbl{Ma[IHHHoro Ha-crpoftaaHe r yiovuneaHe Bbpxy npo6eu Aetaftn Ha 6opuaura' a lrfl-rotr"oro nacipofreaue Ha rexHoJrorrrr{Hara c[creMa aa

    -o6pa6ornaHesa Aerafin arfxy o6pa6ornaul I{eHTbp e AaAeHo e r. 19'36

    OnpelelrHe Ha pa3Mepa Ha crarlqno ;racrpofiraneKaro ce HMa npeABr.rA r.rsJlo)r(eHoro B nr.rreparyprrufl r.rsrounnr [36]'

    r\4O)I{e Ia ce HaIIH[Ie

    D r., : D ^u*+

    2 (y + Rr)-? -Oo, (6.1)

    K'bAero D*u* E naft-roaeunflT ,rl,HaMerbp Ha orBopa no qepTex{a, offiy

    -

    nocTotHHaTa NoMnoHeHTa Ha roJIeMHHaTa Ha CHJIOj.eure ae@opMarlr4u Ha rexHoJrorr4qHara cacreMa, mru;

    R, -

    encoquHara Ha rpa[aBI'IHI{Te, mm;trrp-noJrero na paacefinane Ha pa3MepHre, mm;Ao

    -

    rpeurrara or rorrJr?rHHn ,4e$opMarrnu Ha aHcrpyMeu-Ta, mm.

    tsan Sopuynuru (D,,*-?) e rorreM'Hara na pa6orHHs Hacrpoe-qeH pa3Mep.

    B cnyuar ce rrpueMa, qe y: !t-. P^g^anHara c'bcraBHa rra crlra:lra Ha pflsaHe [28] ce orpeAerrn no Qopruynara

    Fy : 9,BlC r r{',t{ FW"Ft(o/, N.Pexeulusr r.rHcrpyMeHr e 6opqaHra (Qur. 6.1) c rBtpAocrr.'raBHa

    rldllacTltHKa K10 C rJraBeH yCTaHoB'br{eH brbJr nr:90o u paAr{)rc r:tl ryry. EoprqaHrara e rpeAHaanaqeHa sa pascrbprBaHe Ha orBopQ40H7.

    O6pa6oraanero ce HsBbprrrBa Bbpxy o6pa6ornaul qeHrbp n{C032IIpr c,'IeAHr{fl pexr.rM: /:0,35 mm (npuerr,1a ce, qe I,o":/,o1n); s::0,06 #, ":630 min-l.flpu o6pa60rBaHe Ha cuB r{y-ryH, c HB:190.107 Pa ce orpeAe-mr [28]:C or: 123; x o": 1,A; ! y":A,85;

    11 o :01

    Knr: K*or. KyFy, I{,.rr. !{oto,:O,77 .&:9,81 . 123. 0,35, O06t'is . 79. 1,18:45,6 N.

    Cra6nxnocrra rra rexHoJrotr{quara cucrer\{a [28] e/:8,33. 106 N/rn,

    oTKbAeTO

    Y: o#!'- :5'47 ' 1o-o m:o'0055 mrn'

    @Nr. 6. t

    1,4 . 1,1 : 1,1 8;

    37

  • Bv coqunnra Ha rpanaBltHllre ilpH rlncro pa3crbprB'aHe [28] eR,:6,3 Pm:0,0063 mm.

    Illonero Ha pascefteaHe top ce olpeAeJls no $opMynara0p: 1,2

    utay'+ q" +5 *rn,K'bAero Ay e rpeuri

  • 3. Irlentpurea ce npeMecrBaHe no ocure X u Z, rarcap6r Ha perepa B spl{renHoro noJte Ha uuxpocxona /4 Aac roHrpo,'luara roqKa B na AopHltrca 17 (Qur. 6.4).

    qe IIeHTb -CbBIIIIAH.:

    Qur. 6.5

    4. Llpea saBbpraHe Ha perynnpoB'bqlll{s ygxgnun{^ce y.craHoBff-Ba qrrJro r{HcJIo MHnHMerpH aa Zu (na Qur. 6.5 ZB:203 mm)

    Karo ce 3[]ae AbJnKHHaTa Ra AOpHr.rKa, Moxe Aa ce onpAeJII{ KOH*cranrara Ha aAanrePa (Qur. 6.4):

    Zo:Za-L, ffiF'3a6qtexxa. caeA ragn HacTPOftKa He rpn6sa noaeqe Aa ce Baprl{ MaxoBu-

    xrt 8.5. llocpeAcreou 6yronnte /3 ea nynnpaHe,^Ha HHAuKaqHflra'ro'

    ocra X ce nyanpa noKa3auuero Ha cl'IcreMara 12.6. Csars ce AopHI'IKbr 17 u ycrpoftcrsoro e roroBo 3a H3BTTH-"

    MarrrHHHo- HacrPofi BaHe.

    HacrpoftnaHe Ha 6opulanra no A!{aMerbp I{ arefrupaHeHA A'bJI)I{HTIATA V

    1. VcraHoessa ce 6opuraHrara Br'B BpereHoro Ha ananrepa 'l8jn'ce SaKperrBa c uaxosurca 20. r tl

    2. 3aarpra ce 6opu{aurara raKa' qe Bbpx'br Ha pexeqar? IIJIac:THHKa Aa SacraHe B xopI',I3OHTaJIHa nOBbpXHItHa, MHHaBaUIa npeS ocra'na 6opqaurara (uoxe Aa Ce lpoBepr{ c HHAnKarop); Sacronoptitsa cec snHra .19.

    3. l[,ocpeACreorra p'brrKl'Ire 4 (rpy6o), a cd'IeA ToBa c raitrnre 3'($uno) Ce npeMecrea rlleftHara IIo ocra X, rat

  • 6.2. Hacrpoftname Ha rexrloJlorx'{qHara cmcreMarra paeMep no npoduu Aerafinll

    f,lpu roen MeroA 3a roqHocrra Ha uacrpofreaHero ce -

    C:L'AH nopegy,rlrargre o? It3MepBaHero Ha HflKoJIKo or n'6pBgre o6pa5oreHr4Aeralinlr, Frapeqelil{ npo6Hu Aeralinu. HaCrpotinauero Ce I{SBbpuBa Ha'Tpr{ erarla:

    i) npeaeapnredrno HacrPofiaaHe;2) cra:rncrnr{Ha npoBepxa }ia IIeHTT,pa Ha lpyfiupaHero;3) pery"ruparle Ha riono]KeHliero Ha I']HcrpyMeHratfipeanipuiea'IHoro HactpoiinaHe ce ceexAi ao c.ueAHoro' flpn o6-

    pa6oreaHe Ha n.bpBr.rq npo6en Aerafin pex(eul{4flr i{HCTpyMeHr Ce Ha-lJlacf;BaTaKa'qeAaMox{eAacecBaJIHcaMon3BecTHaI]acToTnpl4.,6aexara. Msnaepca ce AeTair,rbr rr orHoBO Ce IIOAaBa I{HcrpyMeHT'bT.AO xeJIaH?Ifi pa3Mep nocpeAcrBoM HoHI',Iyca Ha cynopTa LnI4 no Apyr'ro-ror{eH Haunn. C.ue4 Totsa cynoprbr ce 3acronopflBa B paAlIaJIHorroJIolKeHI{e rz ce o6pa6orBar HflKonro npo6un Aerahna'

    - -

    CrarprCruquara npoBepKa Ce C'bCToI{ B Il3N{epBaI{e }ra o6pa6oreHI'ITe:npoSnu Aeraft;u v u1qg1JrfiBaHe Ha CpeAHI.If IIM apIiTMeTIir{eH paSMep

    r_ -Lt+Lz*"'*L,,,-tap n (6.2)

    Qur. 6.10

    .Jla6opamopHo ynp&{Henae 10flacrpof&eaF{e Ha SesueHrpoBa IuJII{SoET,qFla Malil}xuarra pasMep no MeroAa r{a fip06Hlare AerafiJILI

    B ynpaxHeHr{ero no MeroAa ua upo6Hure 4erai?nn ce uacrpoilea6eaqeurpoaa ur,rn$oauiHa MauIIdHa mikrosa 20 X120 sa odpa6ornageHa napruna Aerafins or rie3aKai'IeHa croMaHa 45 ($nr. 6.11).fieo6xo.qplnau $opruyrn w nocJreAocareJr-HOCT nX]!{ HSTIXACdIeHfiOTG

    Axo ce npene6peruar saBr.rceurure orcHcTe['{aTHr{HoTO r43MeHeHHe Ha pa3r,lepi4Te itser'raqr{Hrr a u b, @opnay.rra (6.5) npir4o6rrea.CJICI.HIi'I BHN.:

    x'L,.u,ero n e 6ponr Ha npo6uure Aerail,'in.lipu rperux erarl

    -

    peryJII'IpaHe Ha IIoJIox{eHI'Iero Ha [IHcrpyMeH-Ta, cTpellelK.bT Aa ce ocHrypn IIo B1,3MO]1(soc:n Haft-roJIgMO npz6nu-*uuunl Ha Ln,, retu pa6orrinn Hacrpoer{eH pa3Mep Lo'' PaacrosHl4eroA, ua xoeto ria6ea Aon'b,IItlI'ITeJIHo Aa ce H3lvlecrl1 HHcrpyMeHrF'T' ce

    o8 -

    cpeAHoTo I{BaApaTrIqHocrpofieaHero;

    ujb ca BeJrr{qr.rHr{, gaBnceurl orpasMepx.Ire.

    Tlncp ru -6o" ( t * ut ) (6.6)

    Aro ce o3'aqr{ K@)*6a,( t*#),'TOraBa

    rY' :To -K(t .t"p

    Karo ce HMa npeABrrA, qe BHHaTI{ 7"zo.o )0, orce nor',r{aBa 3aBItcr{MocTTa, no KoflTo ce onpeAeJlflunre leraftaru

    OTKJIOHCHP{E B }{OMCHTA HA I{4.

    CHCTCMATHI{HOTO HzuEHCHI4E HA

    @nr. 6.ll

    (6.7)

    (68)panencreo (6.6)6ponr na npo6-

    ONPCACJIfl OT CJICAHI4TE 3?BI'ICHI{OCTIinpu eAuocrpaHHo o6pa6oreaue A: Ln,o-Lp,;

    ^ L'ro

    -

    L*rIpH AByCrpaHHo oopaoorBaHe

    ^:--t-tr4ucrpyueHT'br ce IlpeMecrBa IIa H3r{uc,xeHoro pa3croflHrae A c

    IIoHI4yCaHaMaU]I]HaTa'CI,I3MepBaTe,IIeHIIaC0BHHK:l4J|||noApyIHa-qrg. -C.teA [i3BT'pII]BaHe Ha ra3H KopeKlll{fi o6a'{e He e B'bBMoiKHo'Lnro

    nd csenaAHe , Lo*. 3arona e seo6xoAHMO Aa Ce OnpeAenHAorrycKbr Ha cpeAHI'Is pa3Mep Ha npodurtre Aerafrrul' Karo usnoney-Ba MeroAa Ha MareMarlzqHara crarlrcrl4Ka' npo@' flxan npeg'naracJreAHara SaBncnMocr 3a onpeAeJIfiHe Ha Aolycxa Ha cpeAHI'Ig pa3-Mep Ha npo6uure Aerafi,ru (Qur. 6.10):

    r,n"o r^ -l a+b+6q,, ( t *#)],

    KbAero To e ta6nutlunqr Ao[ycK Ha 4erailla;

    42

    (6.3)

    (6.4)

    c,

    ^?el

    T! lf- i "-

    ,'-ilaD irriHr rJu-r: - |:-vli I rl'

    (6.5)

    43

  • ,t(*")' (6.!)Cpe4Horo r(Ba.[,parllqHo orKnoHeHrl on c oflperens c'blaiscHo c:

    r,lero.aHKara, AaAeHa B T. 11. B pa3rd'relKAaHHrl Cilyqaii ce np}-ieMa,cJryqaH 6port Ha npo6HI{Te Ae-

    Tai4irIl ir'toiKe Aa ce onpeAe-";rll or HolllolpaMlr.

    Pagcrogguero A, Ha Koe-TO Tpfi6Ba npeLtsapHTed'ii{oAa ce ilpeMecTH CynopT'bTrra Bo.4euHtr .qilcK, ce on-peAe.Trtr ro $opntyaa (6.4)"a cpeAHHfr apl{rMerHqeFxpasMep ua upo6unre Aerail*!'rH

    -

    no $opuyna (6.2).I4eqnc,reul'Igra ce HgB'bp*

    LI]tsAT B CJICAI.IATA NOCJICAO-.BATCJIHOCT:

    enr.6.12 l' OrPe4el:r ce 6PcnHa npo6Hure lerafinn nsSopr,ty,ra 10.s1' z>(7sglj)',=t,tz. flprer,ta cE n:2.

    2. Onpeneas. ce K(") npu cr,orBerHun 6poii ua npo6utue Aerafinu:c'bf,racHo $opuyna (6,7). B cry-uafl n:2:

    Ke) :u .u ( t *+)^,62 pm.3. Onpe4enff ce AonycK'br Ha cpe.u,Hnfl lia3r,{ep Ha npo6Hure Ae-

    raiinu c'brJracHo $opuyra (6.8):7Lt),, : T o

    -y?t: 7o-62 : B pm.4. flocrposea ce (ctr,racHo c $ar. 6.10) cxeMara Ha pa3no,toxeHt{e

    Ha 3oHure Ha paecefinaue Ha pa3MepHTe IIpH pagrdllex{ia}llm Aerafin(Qur. 6.12).

    5. Onpe4eaa ce pa6orunar

    {e o":$ P6.3a no-ro.rlsuo yAo6crno B I{flKol4

    Lrox12,000

    nplreMa, qe Lp^: L"r. Toraea:11,9650 mm.

    HacrpoeqeH pa3Mep Ir". B cJIYqaff ce, L^in*L^n* l1,ga0+l2,uoo *Lpr:--- 2 --- z

    7. I4eqncrgea ce cpeAHnffr paSMep Ha npo6nure Aeralinlt cb-{'rlacHo &opuv;ra (6.2).

    B" Onpeae.nrr ce npaBuflHocrra ua HacrpoilBaHero. Hacrpoftaauerona 6esqenrpoBara ru,ra$ontuua Ma[rHHa Ha pa3n,Iep u1e 6tAe npaBI{JI-rio, aKo e r{SnbJIHeHO ycJIOBneTo

    tl? : 1l,9650to,oo4o.AKo rosa ycnoBne He e ilgtrtJlHeHo, B]gMox(Hu ca ABa cnyriaff

    (@ur. 6.12):a. L^in|m(u >tl;lo> t*ax

    -rn(21 .B roslr cnyuafi NramnHaTa e HacrpoeHa HenpaBlznHo. 3a qe.nra ce

    illFel,ieCTBfl Aoll'bJIriI'ITeJIHO Cy[OpT'bT Ha BOAerUI4tl AI{CK Ha paBCTOflllide,A csr,'TacHo Qopuyna (6.4) u ce o6pa6ornat uoeIE npo6un Aerairtl,r

    6. L^1n* m(, < tl,?)o 3L^u*- rnQl .B roell c,riyuafi He Moixe Aa ce rBbpAIl, qe MaLLIuHara e Hacrpoe-

    na Henpauunao. 3aroea ce o6pa6oraar oule HflKoJIKo npobun il.e*rafi.na (aanpuuep oule gna) n ce onpeAe,'Irr HoBI,lre croiilrocrn sa

    J (n) ."trcp .

    K(a) :6. o (r +f):s+ rm;Tfl"o:To

    -11@ :70-54:16 pm.B roeu cnyuaft HacrpoilaaHero Ha MailiaHara ure 6tAe trplBIl"{Ho;

    aKo e II3II-bJIHeHO yC,'rOBHerO

    Ll4) :1 1.9650 + o.oogo.

    ,llocJreAosarenrocr Ilpfi n3II'bJIHeHHe Ha ynpax([enl{ero1. Hacrpofieaue Ha 6esqenrpoBara mnu@on'ruua MaITIHHa aa pa6o-

    ra Ha cJreAHKrI pex(I.IM: s:2-2,5mmfo6; o":20-25 m/min.2. BK,'rro'reaHe Ha eneKTpoABlItaredIII,ITe Ba ulltn$ontuunn rlicK,

    BOAeUII{fi ALICr( 14 rroMnara 3a oxJlax(Aaulara TeqHocr,3. BsunrarenHo nocraBfiHe Ha eAHH or o6pa6oreannre 4eraftnu

    B6pxy onopaTa r.{ npeMecTBaHe Ha cylopTa Ha BoAeIrIIlfl ALICK AoTo-raBa, AoKaTo ce [ogBfiBar HCKpI{ U Aeraftnlr SanoqHe La ce npeMecTBa6aeHo n pa6orHara aoHa.

    4. !,on"r.rrHureJlHo npeMecrBaHe Ha cynopra Ha BoAeudltr AI.ICK nofiocoKa na Aerafina Ha paacrosnue, paBHo ua npu6aerara, Kogro ceur,ur$oea npn o6pa6orBaHero. ToqHara croftsocr Ha roBa npeMecrBa-He ce orqr.rra or HoHHyca 'Ha BrzHTa aa oHHo IIoAaBaHe.

    K8', Tf-' w"cp

    6. IZgqncnseo C B.r-ir{ll\rHara m.Crrnacso c @ur. 6.12 uoxe Aa ce Hanlitrle

    .n@) _3o"(,_+)B pasrrexAaHan c.nyuair

    a@ -g.O (f

    - ,!-\:5,2 pm:0,0052 mm.\ v2 I

    44 45

  • 5. lli;rn@oeaHe ]Ia onpeAeneHl.If 5po-l{ npodHlz Aerafinu'6. I,lenlepeaue Ha npo6Hure Aerafinta fiocpeACrBoM I{3\{epBare*

    n.n"ur*"ntir (clc crofiuocr na AeJIeHI'Iero 0'001 mm)' [ocraBeH Ha'rcroilrca. l4elrtepnauero ce I{3e'bpIrIBa B cpeAara sa r'eraitnsre B ABeB3aHMHonep[eHAIlI{yiIRpHtr- HanpaBJieHul' Peeylrar}Ire or H3MepnaHe-ro ce nauacrr e ra6n. 6'1'

    e) npa o6pa6ornane Ha BbrirrHr.r It B.brperxH'r poTaurroHH'r no-r|'bpxHHHH

    2z^in:2(R,rr_rl -{-nri_rl a/p[* +ai. ); (7.3)r) npn oSpa5oreaHe Ha BT'HrrrHri porarrr4oHr{u noB.bpxH'rFrri Ha ga-

    roroBKn, ycraHoBeHH Me)KAy rleHrpri 14 npv 6eeqenrpoeo urnutpoeaHe:22^6:2(R,ri_rl -FAri_rl -Fprr*rl); (.4).

    a) npu pafi6eponaHe c n,rraBaul par?6ep H rrpu nporerurr{He Ha()'rBopH2z*1n :2 (R" o-D -FArr_,1 );

    e) npH cBp'bx3atna)KAaHe, noJrHpane u o6pa6ornauerrocruo nJracrnqHo g,e@opnnnpaHe

    ?^6: R7 6-11i2z^io:2ft" g-11,e satl-vanxara npn6anxa Ha eIHa crpaHa

    Laufig, TexHo"TrotnqeH npexoA;-

    BItcoqrlHara Ha rpaIaBHHHTe,l nonyveultuJecTByBarqr4fl TexHoJro|HqeH npexoA;

    \YM

    T a6luua 6.1

    I('b,II,TO Z; .1a

    &tr-r)

    (7.5yqpes noBbpx-

    (7.6)rIpH paSrdTe)K-

    cdrreA npeA-

    06pa6ornane Ha PesyJlrart,rre

    1. I4e.{McnseaHe Ha- BeJIIIqI'IHHTe K'', Ll'onpaBI{JIHocrra Ha Hacrpoiixara c'blJlac}Io c

    2. O$oPunue Ha nPoroKoJI.

    u T(i\ u ilpoBepflBaHe_flcp

    H3JIOX{eHaTa 1'IeTOLI'IKa-

    '7. Onpenennme Ha IIPil6aBKHreH ilIe)KAHrlrdHTe pa3l$lepil

    lolenusara Ha Hati-malxara (nairHnr'ta'ruara) npu6aera' seo6xoAlt-Ma Ba Ir3nbJIHeHItero Ha orAeJIHIlre rexHoroluqFul npexoAll (onepa*qui.r), ce onpeAeJlff rro cJIeAHI{re $opvy'ru:' i; np" nocneAouarenuo o6pa6orBaHe Ha cpeqy[oJIo]I(HI'I I'IJII'I or-,[,eJrHo pa3rIOJIOXeHIr paBHHHHIZ nOBbpxHIIHI4

    z i aia : Rz 6-11 *Ar;-r) * Ly il6) npn eAHoBpeMeHuo o6pa6orBaHe Ha cpeqyilonoxHrl

    noB'bpxHI,lHH

    22,^rn:2(R"ri-r) f Atr-lltAyt );46

    Snr. 7.1 @tcr. 7.2

    Att-tt -

    Ae6e,rusara r*a g,e$exrHun c'lofi sa r{arepuaJla, no-ryqeH c./Ie,n flpe.IlilecTByBaullifi TexHo,'IoI-I{qeH IIpexoA;

    Pti-t) --npoCTpeHCTBeHI'ITe OTI{JIOFIeHI'Ifl Ha 3aloToBKaTa' nOd'Iy-qeHlr cJleA npeAuecrByBau{llfl TexHoJIorilqeH lipexoA;Av;

    -

    rpeurKara or ycraHoBfiBaHe, Kofiro ce nonyqaBa lrpupa3lJler{,1aHl,Ifi TeXHOJIOII4qeH npeXOA I.I Ce C'bcrol4 OTrpelxKara or 6asupaue 46- n rpelxKara or 3aKpe[IBa-ue 4"..

    llpuuepAa ce onpe4enrr MexALIHHIrre npn6aeru l.r pa3Mepn npa o6pa-

    rirrrnaue Ha AaAeHHn ua Qur. 7.1 Aeraftt (rvrarepual-croMaHa, rope-47"

    (7.1)PABHI,IHHIT

    (7.2\,

    Paevepu Ha H3MepBarure Aeralilll, mm

  • ilIO BalxrioBaHa, KpbrJra; o6nKHOBeHa TOIII{OCT; TepLl0o6pa6oTKa * 3a-KanKa HRC:50-55.

    Peuresue3a ge,rullre noBBPxHHHlI Ce npueMa' qe HaptlSBaHerO H& 3sloToB'

    KI{Te Ce I'I3BT,PLIBa Ha UI{PKY-Jrflp. Karo ce BseN{e npeABHAnpeArlHcaHaTa ro[{Hocr Ir lpa'naBocT Ha qe"IHI'ITe nOB'bpx'HlrHr.t, or ra6n. 5.53 [301t ceorrleAeJlfi 3a npecrbplBaHe Haqer'raTa caMo AI{H npexoA(rpy6o npecli'PrBal{e).' '"Cr,r.ryacHo C PaeeucrBo (7.2)MOXte Aa ce HanHlue

    2z^1n:2(Rr"u, *4"u" *Pr"'*f Ay).

    Or ra6il. 5.52 ce onpeA,erlrr: (R,.u. *A.u,):200 p'm; Psar :.-0,01

    .Duu.:0,01 .40:0,40 mm:400 Pm'irp" npec"tptua"e Ha qe,'Iara B caMolreHrpo'3q rpl4r{erlocreH

    narpoHHllK gbl"qacHo cxeNlara' noKa3aHa na $rlr' 7'2, aa paeu ep Irperurcara or 6asupaHe 6ur:0 Toraea Av:A''

    Or ra6n. 5.61 ce onpeAe,'Ifl lpelxKara oT SaKpe[BaHe Ha 3al o-:.OBKaTa As, pABHO Ha OCOBOTO npeMeCTBaHe Ila 3alOr0Bi{aTa:

    A" :100 p.m.Toraea

    22 ^tn:2(2oo *4ooa 1oo):1400 Pm'Or $ur. 7.3 ce onpeAelsr Mex{AHHHHTe pa3Mepl.{:

    ' LA*in:99'5 fllm;LA^ut:100'0 mm;

    l"r. ,rin - Lo^u* *2,'^in: 100+ 1,4: 101,4 mm.Or ra6.n. 5.52 ce o[peAeJlr AorlycKl'r Ha AbJI)KI'IHara r{a

    ToBKara I"". :0,8 mm. TolaBal"u' *o* :101'4 +0'B: t02'2 mm'

    flpuerraa ce A'bJIx(IzHara Ha 3aloroBKaraL.u,:101,8t0'4'

    3a /38-0,062 ce flpueMa' qa o6crlprnauero sa BaJIa u{e ceH3B'bptxll npl4 ycTaHoBflBaHe MexAy I{eHrpH.

    --TEaraqKr{ ta6rtttut, cB'bp3anl'r c ofipeAenfiHe na npn6aaxure s !{e:(AI'II{H!tre pa3-Meplr, ca ,(aAentl a rasrounnx [30] .

    48

    3a npe4nucaHara ror{Hocr H rpanaBocr 3a d38 or ra6'4. 5'53 ceonpele,rnr Heo6xoAI'tMI.Ire orepaIIHH (upexolu) 3a o6pa6oraaHe uaTa3L rIOBbpxHLIHa:

    1- rpy6o crpyroBaHe;2

    -

    no,rryuucro crpyloBaHe;3 -

    rpy6o urauso-n-aHe (c,re.4 repNlllqHara o6pa6orra)'llpu onpeaenrHe Ha Mex(Alrr.rHfire npu6anxn ce 3a[orlBa oT no'

    ,cr'IeAHaTa oilepaqfltl.Ctr,racso c $oPruYna (7.3)

    2zs *in:2 {R," * nz*nipfT{);222 an :2 (R, ra a' a lpfr$);

    22, ^rn:

    2 (& uu, * ,[."u, : t/e5 + l-3r;.Or ra6,r. 5.5i sa topeu1o H3rerJreH npr,ToB Marepuan

    iBeHa roqHoc" ce olpe,qe.nqr: R.u,:150 y,m; A:210 p1'^l, Or ra6t.5.53 cb orpeAenttt R,,-i20 Pm; Ar:120:60 pm; ,II,z:60 pm.

    or ra6,r. 5.54 'ce orpe.u,eJis Qopivry.nara 3a Iz3qLICJIfBalIe Ha IIpo'cTpaHCrBeHHTe orKrroHeHI{fI:

    P:VFr+ Pl i P,,=*p: A,,'np'/'Br3 ocHosa na Snr. 7.1 ce onpeAer'Ifl l:42,5 mm'flplterua ce, qe cneA Hapfl3Ballero SaroroBKure ce

    npec;. Toraea or ra6n. 5.55 ce onpe.u,eilr A'"np:0,12'' Ttfi raro o6pa6ornauero Ha qeHrpoBuTe orBoplt ce L3Ba'puJBa

    nplr ycTaHoBsBaHe Ha 3aloToBKaTa Ha caMoueHTpoBalrl rpHqe"I"ocTeHn'u"p6nntor,, or ra6n. 5.54 ce ws6upa po:0,25 mm' e'leAoBaredrHo

    Pus*p : 0,12' 42,5 : 5,1 1tm;p.". :V5,P +2502ar250 Pm.

    OCtart.iHnre npOCTpaHCrBeHH OTKnoHeHIlfl Ce onpeAenflT OT Cne'U'-.HATA SABHCHMOCT:

    Pocr: KYPga.,rxbAero Kt e xoe$nllneHrbr Ha yrotlxffBaue'-bt

    "siou"nr

  • Trfi xaroycTaHoBfBaHe

    Aefafinsr ce ycranontBa MexAy qeHrpi{' rpe[IKlrre orrrpu TplITe onepaq[n ca paBHI'I Ha HyJIa' Toraea2zs-n:2 (60 +60 +r/SY+ o)- 450 pm;222^rn:2(120+ tzo +/t5-+ o):510 pm;2zt.ro:2 (150 a250 n qt2sot+ o): 1300 pm.

    Karo ce B3eMe nPeABIlA cre-rreHTa Ha TOqHOCT, KOtlTo ce ro-'IY'{ABA }IA OTACJIHITTC NPCXOAH }Ionepauu" (sn,. ra6n. 5.53;, orra6.n.5"64 ce onpeAeJrrr

    Tt:620 1tm; Tr:)50 Pt;TB:Ta:62 Pm.

    Or ra6.rr. 3.35 [30] ce onpe-Ae.Ifl AonycKbr Ha 3aloToBKara..3a ropexroBaJIIroBaHa crouaHa'o6nKHoseHa rotlHocr (rareroPunII) 7"".: 1 100 F.m.

    3a MexAI.IHHI,tre PaSMePI'I ceroflyr{aBa (sur. 7.4):

    d"*u": do^u" : 3E,000 mm;

    8. Paervrepen aH&JrM3 r{a Texr,us'JlondrxrnriIIp0uecps

    8.I. TeopernqHa rrocranoml{aPaeuepunnr aHaJrHo Ha texsolor?qHute npoqecn AaBa BL3Mox{-

    llo{]T Ha eTana npoekrllpaHe Aa Ce pa3KpHsT pa3MepHlrTe Bplr3KH,868-llHKBaUlH nplz nOCJIeAOBaTJII.IOTO HtsIIbr-IHCIIH Ha TeXHOJIOTfiqHUTgnpexo,u,H H oilepaqHu, n Ha ra3H ocHoBa Aa ce npotHo3npa ocHryps-

    -J -'-! Dj =ai@ar. 8.1

    naHero sa naii-naxHure noKagare,'rn Ha KairecrBo ua o6pa6orBaHuTellcrarina

    -

    iloKagare.Ili4re Ha roqHocr. Eg,uoepeueuao c rooa ce pe-uraBa 3al{aqara ga ocilryprrBaHe Ha Mr.rHr4Maxurr npn6aeru sa odpa6or-naHe [6].

    Fasltepnure Bp't'BKI{, B'E3HHKBaUIH B xoAa Ha rexgoJlotnr{tli{t{ np&-rlec, ce oflHcBar c'bc cl4creMa oT pa3MepIJI,I tsepr.rfr.{.

    3areapsqn 3BeHa Ha rexHo,'rorfiqrrl{Te pagMepnn Beirnrri ca pagMe-lrure Ii, sa Aeiafi.rra H r.rexAuur{i4re upu6asru zi, a c'bcraalrir 3BeHa

    -lcxgo;rorr4r-lgure (nrex4nunnre) pagMepn ,4;, exnro,rnre,ririo pa3uepureua garorotsKara B;.

    6ponr N Ha garsapsiqr4Te gBeHa B cHCTeMara rexHoilorullnn pa3-N,retri:ri'r Eepr4rl{ e paBen ua 6por Ha'c'bcTaBHrrre 3tseHa.

    'I'exHonorm.{rrr4re paBMepHH Bepnrr{ Morar .qa 6rAar 14 ABysBeri}IH}

    1'. e. h4orar Aa c'bArp)r(aT 3arBapflIrlo r{ caMo eAHo c'bcTaBHo. SBeiT$(tltnr. 8.1 a, 5).klaxodrw daruua sG. pazflepeH aHo,,,rus td& ffiexHo,lo?tt'twutr.

    tt1to14st'qeprex{ ua Aeraffna;BriA lrzr 3aroroBKara (n.rrn ueprex Ha earoronxara);TCXHO,'IOII]qFIH CXCN$A;cnpaBorrHr.r Marepuanu

    -

    MexAHHHn npn6aaxn u ra6tn4w ga roq-lrocT.

    Qur.7.4

    d2^u*: ds*u* * 2zs.io * Ia: 38,000 -p 0'350 * 0,250 ::38,600 mm;

    dr^"": dr^u*-y2zr^r,* Ir : 38,600 + 0,5 10 + 0,620 : 39,730 mm;"''^ de^.-;: : A1^u'o' I 2z r

    ^,o * ?near : 39,730 + 1,300 + 1' l' 00 :

    :4o 130 mm._ LL,Or ra6n. 3.35 ce nz6upa waft'6nwswwtr craH.[,apreg '4l{aMerbp ffa

    np'broBI'Is Marepfian:d'"^,:42 *0^'t'

    -U'lKaro iEgnon3BaTe pa3fJreAaHaTa MeroAr.{Ka, oflpeAeJleTe caMu }de}K-

    1""""t" npufust

  • 8.2. [Ioc.ireAoBareJlHocr Ha paSorana ilpH pa3MepeH aHaril3

    l. ctcrassHe Ha pa3MepHara cxeMa Ha TexHoJIor[IqHHq npoqecil KO.[HpaHe Ha pa3MepHTe

    r{eprextr Ha Aerafina H TexH,or'IornqHI,ITe cxeMH ce c'E}BMecTgBaT.3a raSa qe,'r K6M r{epTe}Ka na Aerafi.na Ce; HaHaCflT BCLIr{KH Me)fiAHH-HU npu6anx[, B peSyJrTaT Ha KOeTo ce [oilyqaBa qepTex{'bT Ha 3aro-io"*i* (6es .ueirpcil B rrocneAoBaTeJrHocr: pa3MepH Ua Aerafi,ra, Mex{-Ar4HHr,r npu6aer

  • Or ra6nxqune sa@oplry,'lar:;i

    T0r{t{ocT ce, ollpe,r.eirfin.-1

    ' q-l

    tDi:0)a-l- I tu'.'L)i 1

    3a l,a ce ci:irypi{ }'!r.{Hnl,ranrra fljlnr'JaBl{a 3a o6pe6ornaue, Heo6xo-,rl,r.i[4o e Aa a.);Ae I,r3n' ,lHeiio 'y'cnoBl{eTo

    *:.: t-) E,riI Ac;:CneAosa.reai:o

    A.,r: l-s,i2, \ -,4 "-r'"'r,i. -d:t L

    s/,/ r4 'r-t:--L

    4.4:1..,- )] 0,,, A5r:ri;.i=1

    .:,,.,

    _

    -:+

    5. Aganmg H*. iro,'ryx{erii4Te nleayJrrarviflonerar; Ha pagceiiBaH lr7 r{& pa3l{epr.[re Ha .q.erai]rna ce cpacHs-

    Bar C Aorl:vCriIiTC X7. A',;rs oti)>Ti, onpejienff Ce r,]eilofirHrli:l npoUeHT6pax. ;\r

  • ar,:o'25-o'05:o'20 mmA",:0,25*0,05:9,39 *.asz,:0'20 mm

    Vpannenue 482:2+30+73-=105 mmo,.:0,06+0, lof 0,5):o'66 rnmE,cz,:o,6612:0,33 mmAcr,:0,33-0, l5*0, l0:0,28 mm*ra,:o'28-o'25:o'03 nmAsa. :0,28+0,25:0,53 mmA,sr" :0,66 mm5. Ana.flne Ha nonyqeHl{re pe3ynraruoo, :0,16

  • clcTaBHH 3BeHa Moirie ,u,a He ce 3aAaBa; B raKaB cfiyqafi npI'I Hec'5-xonnl,iocT ce llDireMa 3alioFlbT Ha Tpn'brbJIHIIKa;

    t) fio.'ierara Ha ltagceliBaHe Ha cBCTaBHIlre SBeHa ce 3a[IficBar BKoJlorrxara 8; n xo..nouNara 7 sa ctcratsHuTe SBeHa I{e ce 3anficBa"" :rt:,X';rT;",ifi''ff il X)i,*n nn d,actrxuftw s6, sxodr,u dsnuu:

    ra n'bpelir peA ct 3afitrcBa Qary.lrernHlr Ho[lep, $carlar 12;Ha Bropng peA ce ganlicBar ae;IH'-ItrtHHTe At, ND, NT', !d, Sop.

    ruar 4tr2;ua (2 . A/) peaa (no egrra peA 3a BCeKI{ pa3}'lep B Iloc"re,r,oBare,r-

    Hocr paslrepla Ha ,a,erafi;ra -'

    uptz6asxr'r -

    TelrIJo.rIOrI4tlHH pa3Meplr -paer{eprj Fra 3aro'i'oBKara) ce Sallticuar Be"q}{qlluure: KoA l-la paSMepa,

    Hoxliuua/'iria c:roiiuocr, ,q,o,TFlo lpaHllqHo orliiloHenne' lopHo fpaHgr{HoorK,rloHeHile, KoA Ha tsl4!,a Ha pa3blepa, KoA Ha 3al(oHa lla pa3llpeAe-reHr{e, Sopuar 2tr2, 3F8.3,21')

    PesyttmamuC nporpauiara DAGTRV ce cr'craasl

    HeI{liii, OIILICBaI{I{ paS]t'lepIlure BpT'SKH Hace aHanr{3t1pa ToalHocrra Ha I]poqeca.

    fioc.ne,ronareJrHorir Ha ffipariex{AaHe. Ha 5/npa)Kl{euprero1. llwr..rea ce la6,r. 8.3 ga npr{h,repa, paspadoreu n r. g2.2. B;roAnure Aailrrr{ ce aarrnc'aT rra 6,rinrara ea BX.AHH AaHHH.3. Ilpn pa6cra ts rraKeren pexuM ce nep$opnpar Keprxre Ha 3a-

    "{aHi{ero 3a r,r3no,'r3r{'tsaHe Fra nporpar,{ara DA6TRV H EXOAHHTe AaH-Hi{; nar{er'br Kapr.r{ ce npeAaBa E fipiie"\,ri{ara rpyna lia yl4U, orraMce no.rl'qaB6 p3|ilrerrrr or pa6orara Ha nporpaMara.

    1+. I lpu -paooTa E Ar.ra,'IoroB pex{hM ltxoIHHTe AaFTHH Ce 3a[I{CBaTeen $ar"t,: FCRC42. Pesy,rrar:,i or oa6olara Ha nporpaMara ce Ha-

    lpYnea nre. .Saii,'r FORO52, orKa,A,ero h{o}ne A,a drAe pa3neqarau(sx. tf::r. 8.6t.T a6stuua 8.3EpofiilltiTe

    Ha 3aT83prl-(crcraeuure)

    geesa NHa pa3N{epa-4erai4,raND

    bpofli rra Met{ruli'Hrire pa,..l,neln NI

    DporlTC HA

    ri peli].rBar cl'Icreh{l'{re ypaB-Tetiiic,'IolnqHllfi npouec, n

    c'boTtseTlri{ cRoc-

    B I(O.l,IipaH BI{i{; HoMlixlaJIlIi-Te ctotlriociti, AonHx'ITe I{ropuure lp;li'iteqn{t crolirlo clt'tI'{a BCllqi(ll pa3l'1erDll CJe-I, pe-ruitsarieTO Ha ]PaBHeIlIrflTaria pa3:1,'lepHIlTe Bepl'Ilu; [o-rTeTeTa Ha pa3ceitBalle, AOJI-HrrTe II ropHi{re lpaHllqril4OTK,IiCEEHI,I' HA PA3I\1EPHTCua Ierafi,ra, rIoJIyEIa-tsaFilI Bpe3yJTaT Ha H3rIT-.IIiieHn'IeToHA TCXHO.IlOIHI{FiKfl ilPOLtrCC.Aro u;) Ir, Aonr'nHI4Te.qHoce neqaraT BepogTHlrre no-d'reTe Ha pa3ceiiBaHe, BepoflT-HrrTe AO"'IHH I{ lopHl4 lpa-Hflqi{ll OTKJIOHeHITf H BepofiT-

    MeroArrre MoHre Kap.lo.

    PASr'4i:Plllipn rpeiurLi BbB BXoAHLITe AaEHi'i ce liellarar

    Lr{eHIru n pa6orara Ha npolpaMara ce npii{parfrBe'Pasneqarear ce: $auynterHl'lrlr Holdep; Bxor*ure AaHHil; Marpfil{a-

    Ta Ha paSMepgr{Te Bpx'3Krl MC; y'panHeri;lfira r{a pasi!4epHnre Bepl1rll

    @sr. 8.6

    r{Hfir npoqenr 6par, onpe.neneHlr r{pe3Ilpnnaep.[,a ce HanpaBn pa3Mepeu aHaJrHS Ha TexF{oJroTrz!il-rnfi npoqec, pa3-

    MepHara cxeMa ua Notiro e noKasaHa na Sttl.. 8.5. Bxonsure AaHHIIca rrpuBeAeun e ra6,'t. 3.& Pesy,'rrar?Ire or pa6orara Ha nporpaMaraca AaAeHH no-HaraT6K.

    58

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    + * * * * {. * * {. * * * x' t' * * * * * * {' * {' * * * x' * * +'i * * {' * * *

    OAKYJ'ITETEH HOMEP 999999

    BXOAHVl AAHH14

    6POIZ HA 3ATBAP'U{HTE (C'bCTABH'{TE) 3BEHA N- 9EPOft HA PA3MEPI'ITE HA AETAftJIA ND: 3EPOIZ HA MEXAI4HHI4TE PA3MEPI4 NT: 6KJIAC HA TOqHOCT HA CBOEOAHI4TE PA3l{EPll KLTCH- 3

    PA3MEPi4

    YPABHEHI4fl HA PA3MEPHHTE BEPI4|I42 5):-t-( 25 6):+( 52 e):+( 2I 2):+( I

    -( 33 4)--( 3+(2-(e4 5):+t 4-(e+(26 7)--( 6-( 5+(27 8):-( 7+(2+(3e r0): -( s+(2-(3+( I

    HH HOMpIHAIIH',I CIOIZHOCTI4 AoJIHI4 IP. oTKJI. fopTII4 rP. OTI\JI.

    5)6)s)3)2)2\e)4)9)2'5)5)2)7)2l318)2)3)l)

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    N KOA HOM'IHAJIHA AOJIHOCTOIZHOCT fP. OTKJ'I.

    fOPHOfP. OTKJI.

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    3ATBAPflT]II4 3BEHA I234567tt9

    l0llt213t415l6t7t8

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    4l6364768799

    56()2457El0

    102 311 2 l)t22 7134s142 5155 616 l317 3 B18I10

    50,00050,000

    200,0002,0002,0000,5000,5002,0002,000

    0,0000,0i)00,0000,0000,0000,000u,0000,0000,000

    0,0000,00J0,0000,'r000,0000,0000,0000,0000,000

    0,0000,0000,0000,0000,0J00,0000,000i),0000,000

    0,1 000,0800,2000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,00.;

    0,1000,2000,1000,r010,1000, i00I,500I,5002,000

    50,00050,000

    200,0002,0002,0000,5000,5002,0002,000

    47,5002J0,0J0100,500I50,50050,00050,00049,50055,O00

    204,000

    0,0000,0000,0000,000,0,0000,0000,0000,0000,000

    -0,4000,0000,1 900,2000,000

    -0,010-0,3000,69 )

    I,800

    0.1000,0800,2001,61r'00,4000,4000,300I,7003,800

    -0,3000,2000,2900,3c00,1000,0901,2002, ls03.800

    C.bCTABHI4 3BEHA

    000000000

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    PE3YJITAT14]\(ATPI,IUA HA PA3MEPHT,ITE BP'b3KI'I

    AHAJII43 HA TOqHOCTTA HA PA3MEPI4TE HA .{ETAfi/IA

    PA3}TEP D I3OHA HA PA3CE'IBAHE O,IOOCPE.AHO OTKJIOHEHI,IE O,O5O.4O/IHO OTKJIOHEHT4E 0,000|OPHO OTK"NOHEHI4E O,IOOPA3MEP D 23OHA HA PA3CEIZBAHE O,IOOCPEAHO OTKJIOHEHI4E O,O4OAOTHO OTKTIOHEHI4E

    -O,OIOIOPHO OTKr'IOHEHI4E 0,090

    231r00000002380000000294 0000000270000000025600000000000000000

    606t

  • 3OHATA HA PA3CEfttsAHE, I43qI4C.;JEIJA NO I'{IN -

    MAX,E r.lo-foJlfMA oT IOnvCIiAl.AHAJII43 HA TOIIHOCTTA qPE3 N4ETOA'ITE MONTE KARLODP0t1 IIA PEAill43AUlII,tTE 10001AilCNEPCI4fi O,OOO8CPEAFIOKBAAPAT{4T{HO OTKJIOHEHI4E 0,029CPEAHOAPI"ITIIETI4I{HO OTKJ'IOHEIII4E 0'040PA3MAX 0,100ci,EAt-to OTK,IOHEHI4E 0,040I\{I4HL'1MA,'IHO OTK,']OLiEHHE

    -0,010IviAKCl,lMA,IlHO OTI{JIOHEHI4E 0,090BEPOqTEH 6PAK NO AOJIHOrpAFII"irIHO OTKIOHEFII4E, 0/o 10,08BEPOflTEH 6PAK NO |OPHO|PAHI4qHO OTKJIOHEHI4E. % 9,96BEpOSTEH 6pAK, o/o 2t,04PA3MEP D 3

    Ha B'THqHHero Ha no4aBaHero s Bbpxy BncorraHara r{a rpanaBHHHTeRz, a rpyruffr

    -

    Ba onpeAeJrflHe Ha Bntsulrero Ha cKopocrra Ha psea-He z, Bbpxy BLICoT{t{HaTa }ra tparraBr.rHrzTe.llocuea onare,rxrocr rrpt{ Hsfi b,'irrenr.re Ha Jra6oparopHoroyrrpalKHeHHe

    Ha rrbpBHf, Aerafir Mex{Ay r{eHrpr.rre Ha crpyta"Ha cTpytapcKrrfl HO)i{ B.bpxy HO)+(O.q,bp}xaqa Ha

    3. O6cTrprBaHe Ha BCHqKHTe CT'bnana Ha Aerafid,ra i]pH paSJrrzqHlrr.lo{agaH1fi_ (s:0,1+-tr mm/o6).

    .[,u6ovr.ruara Ha pfl3aHe ce npr.reMa.l:0,5-;-0,7 mm, a cKopocrra 'o*80 m/min.4. CsarsHe Ha ['bpBHs ,qerafi,r n ycraHoBrrBaHe Ha tsTopr.ts Aerafir.5. O6cmprBaHe Ha Bcrrr{KH clbtta.rra Ha Broprrfl 4eraftn ttpn pa3_,rrkqHn cKopocrr.r Ha

    ^pflsaHe (o:S-+250 m/min). flar6ouiruara Ha pfi-BaHe ce- npueMa l:0,3 mrn, a [oAaBaHero s:0,1 mm/o6.6. Ceansue Ha Broprrs Aeraiin or crpyra. l4auepeaue Ha Bucorrg-Hara Ha rpanaBaHr.rre ez na ABara r,erafrna n sauuiBaHe Ha pe3vJrra*rllre B ra6n. 9.1. tr4slrepnauero ua ez ce r.3B.h,prxBa r{a cpaBHure,renlMHKpocKor Busch ri ABoeH MuxpocKorr Schmalt2.O6pa6ornaHe Ha noryqeHnre .$e3yJrrarx n o$cpnnnHeHa nporoHon

    1. I4aq{cnr{eaHe Ha Br.{coirfiHara Ha r-panaBr.i**rre ez sa H3no'3y-.tsaHHTe trOAaBaHr.rf s flpfi paluyc ]ra Ho]xa ,, Rr:+ .

    Hasacsue Ha pe3ynrarr{re B ra6n. 9.1.Ta6luua 9.1,

    Rz:f(a)N! na yuacrrxa

    s, mm/06

    n, t:irr.-t

    o, mlminl

    l, mmu3'.{HCIeHa

    1. VcraHoeseaHe2. VcraHongeaHe

    crpyra.

    9. CIanropt{, BJIHffeilIil Bbpxy rparlaBocrraHa odpadorB#Hl{re lloBbpxHlltltl

    ,ft a1opamop*o )tt?P eJtc ne nue I IP|ec.neAnane ria E.ilMfiFIMeroi'Ha no4atsaFlero M cxopocrraHA pflsaHero Et,pxy rparlaBocrTa I{a o6padoreaHltTeIIOBTTPXHI{HM

    3OHA HA PA3CEfiBAHECPE,[HO OTKJIOFiEHI,IE,&OJIHO OTK.IIOHEHI4EIOPHO OTKJIOHEHI4E

    leosl

    0,200-0,l{-0-0.2000,000

    no excnepl4MeItTaJIeHcKopocTTa Ha pr{saHe

    ? Bspxy BHcoqsflara Ha rpa-naBuHnre Pz npw crpyroBa-ue. 3a rreJITa ce o6pa6orrar:,qBa el,.HaKBn CTOMaHeHH Ae-railila, KoHTo I,IMar HfiKoJI-KO yrIaCT'r,Ka' pa3!.eneHH CKaHarILr (Sur. 9.1).

    Etrusust or .u,eraftlltrece IiSrron3yBa 3a orlpeAe,'IfHe

    ltrocreHosxa na YfiPax{HeruneroI_[e,rra ]ta y[pa)I{HeHI'Iero e na ce onpeAerll

    N'bT BJIIISHIICTO, KOCTO OKA3BAT NOAABAHCTO .9 II

    I

    -T-I-LTlilll

    Rz:71s1

    6i2

    @rer.9.ll *,,1

    l:r HsMepeHa63

  • 2. IlocrponBaHe Ha reoperl'lrlHara 3aBHcHMoc'l Rz:f(s)' ,,3. IlocrpoaBaHe Ha eKcnepnMenrad'IHara 3aBHcI'IMocr Q3:/(s)' IIpe-

    ,rropT,r{Ba Ce ABere rpa$urn Aa Ce nocTpolT C'bBMeCTHo ea no-/t,o6pailperneAHocr npl{ cpaBHflBaHeTo I'IM.^ 4. tlocrposuarne Ha eKcnep[MeHraJlHara 3aBucllMocr Qz:f(o)'

    5. I4esoAIl Ba BJIHflHI'Iero Ha n3cJIeABaHI'ITe napaMerpn B'bpxy lpa-'TIABOCTTA.6. O$opttarle FIa nPoroKoJI.

    Vcrpoftcmo Ha ABofiHHfl MnKpocfion Schmaltz.4eofiHHnr MHXpOCKOTT SChmaltz e npeaHa3Haqell 3a It3MepBalle Ha fpanaBocr IIa

    noB6l,xHHHHre Rz:80+1,6 pm BKnoqnrenlro.AericrsHero tla ypeaa c'e ocHoeasa Ha MeToEa Ha CBeTJII'IIiHOTO CeqeHue' flpe,q'

    JroxeII or nPorP. Schmaltz.

    o6iqwsr BnA Ha Aeoiirraq MnKpoc*orr schmaltz e aaAeH ua tfur. g.2. Ha ocHo-;tsara 1 e 3aKpenega Heno.{BIl}KHo Konor{ara 5, no xosto ce Borri (oH3o,lara 6, B ga-EuclrMocr or Brlcor{Hnara Ha H3Mepgagr.tg llerair,T Koa3o,tara ce nps.4Bfixtsa c Bptsta 7,I,r ce 3ar{peflBa cac 3arfitaur BHHT, XOTITO Ce Hai'rHpa Ha 3aAHara crpa}ra Ha ROH3O-.lara. Onrtquara .iacr Hr ypeaa e pa3-.rronolKeua a u3MepBarerHata r.nana 8,.Horro e MoHTHpaHa x-u,r rongoaara 6 u

    l

    MO,v{e .(a ce ,[BHx(]r no HeR rtpe3 338'bp-raHe sa e'aara 7. Tg,roro 1,1 ua nsuep- ',BaTe,lHSTa fJraBa cg 3aKpenBa KT't\4 Ha-,rrpaBrt.fiBarlr{re c BHHra ,I5. 9pes annra i.16 ce ocrrrlecranea $uHo perynupanelro BHcoqliHa. flpu saerprane Ha BHHTa,10 cser,runHoro ceqeHue ce aoBelrAa B ,cpe4aTa Ha 3pHTenHoTO noJ're, a rrpH 3a-Bbprase Ha cfieqt4arHr{t nuur 14 r zpu- iTenHoTo IIOne ce [oflBRBa e.lHr cBeTnHH-ua seuua (Sur. 9.3). I

    O6errHerr 12ce not6upa B 3aBr.rcn- iMOCT Or OqaKBaHaTa rpanaBocT Ha H3-urepBaHaTa noBapxHHHa [.r ce 3arpenBa Ic'bc cfierlr4arsHn BuHT ,13. Brpxy ry- i'6yca na Lr3MepBareJrnara rJraBa ce HarJra-cfi Mr.rKpoMertptt 9, klsvepsaHusr le-'Tafrr ce nocraBrr B npll3lra, 3aKpeneflaK6M Brbprrrlqara ce Maca 3, xoqro ce 3agronopffBa c aEHTa 2 t

  • 10. I{ac.neIsaHe H AHAJrfisr{paHe HA r0qHocTTit:Ha odpadornanmre s,eraffinll10.1. TeoPerI'IqF{a ilocr&Honma

    Aro ce npIIeMe, rie KoHcrpyKTI'iBlIara u rexHoJlolIxqHara '4oKyh{eH'TauliflHec'bA'bpxarlpeIrIKI'l'r'renaerieuilgraBIIOKa3aTeJil'ITeHal{aqecr-BoTo Ha H3AeJIIitlra ule 6r-Aar pe3yflrar or rpeulKl'lTe IIpH MexaHI{q-goro o6na6orBaHe ga Aelali,rure, eHacgHu B.tB BI4A na cnyuaiiuu' cI{-ata*u'r"in" lr rpy6il oTKJIoHeHI''fl or 3aAa'n'eHoro c."croflHl,e B Tex-"Hod,rorl{gHara cl'IcreMa (ra6n. i0'1)'Ta6asua l0.l

    ffe,'reHleero e rd3BecrFro xaio pascer)itsaHe rra roqFrocrHrrre (r

  • xailarirepri3r],oar{I] npoTrrqaHero Ha rexl{o,'lorKqHlls npoqec (cpemero'HOLrepara l:{;l' fiocierj,oBeTe.lHO OSpa6oreaulrre Aeraii'/Ill' Hoi'iepara Hafpyruire c eAHAri-i)ts 6.poia uocnel,oearenHo o6pa6ornaun Aeratlnn, nl-Tf,T ir:i lljr3aHe n r' n.), a no opAllirarF-ara oc

    -

    pe3)'JITarlITe' no'lyqe-rr* irpi{ u3h{epBar{erJ' fpr-*.ptt". n, o6pa6oleauare 4era/lnr'r) lr'nzCr.;rT,iiCTKrie Cfi:ire napal,{eipu' tleunc,'leHIl B'b3 oCHoBa Ha peSyxTarnTe oT,=rrap"un.ro (cpegHoapurilierfir{Hl{ffr Ila3},xep Ha AeTaillJlnre or rpynaTa'MeIHaHara, pa3llax'br n lrr.|.-ptpxy Kaprl'Ire ce HaHacflT oilIe T' Hap'Korirpo,THfi rpt{Hl1trll {K,', ko) rl ipaHauure lia AoilycKa I sa rou-;;;;;;;;;,t pi.*t.p. ftrpu usno''tsy'anero Ha n'bp'Hre ABa crari{crlliiecKMrtepauerbpa xourpo;lrirrue rpanllql{ ce orpeAenar [u] no paBerlcrBoro

    K,1o1:EA4t!fi'KbAero EM e cper,Horo orK'xoHeHl'le;

    i, -

    iioeq*urzeHr' 3aBllce[i or npolreHTa AonycrI.IM Heor-xpnr 6Pax;

    N- 6ponr Ha Aerafiill{re B ?lsBaAKara'I-lplt Hsnole,\'BaHero Ha pa3Maxa Q xaro crarllcrl'lqecKH napa\4e-

    r.bp AonHara Kor{rponHa rpauuqa ce npr{eMa 3a Hyila (Ko:0}'a [op-Hara ce oIlpeAeJlfl EO i]aBeHcrmTo

    t/ tr)nr:l' (10.3)KibAeTo $ e EepofiTHoTo nod're ira pascefinaHe Ha r{o}ITp,od'lriparius pa3-

    l,,iep; 3a Hoprral'rF{o pa3npeAe,{eHi{e (t): 6. o;rpu 0,75*:1{,

  • flpunrepHa_Snr. I0.2 ca rtoKaoaFir4 ]i3Meneukrsra r.ra MeAuauara Me fi pa3-

    uaxa ,Q ga cra6aneH ra ycrofiuua rexHoJrorr.rqerl npoqec (a), sa cta-6uneu n ueycrofi.lue npoqec (6) u Ba necra6tines u neycroitunaTe;iHor'rorr{rieu nporiec (a).

    Kpunu Ha pasnpegeJrennePascei.ieaHero Ha noKagarefinre Ha xaqecrBoro H B rtacrHocr Ha

    pa3Mepr.rre npn o6paSorBaHero na A,eraii,rHre rr cr,ro6gBaHero Ha r43-AeJMfira, flporr.rqau{o nprr eArioBpeMer]Horo Aeficrsue ua clyuafiull ncilcTeMarl,rqHn @arropn, ce {roAqtrHqBa Ha pa3.nnrillr{ 3aKol-l!,1, Hal'r-o{ecroI{a H0pMar'irrrasr 3aKoH Ha pa3npeAeJreH?re.

    CrarncinqecKr,rtrr aua,'rag Ha roquocrra Fra Mexalruquoro o6pa6or-BaHe Fra Aerar.inlrre ripeg KprrBure Ha pa3npe,u,eJteHr4e l.{o.xie A,a ce x3,B'bpIIIH rro AEa i\reroAa

    -

    Ha eAnoKparHHTe (rorenrure) il3BaAKH rr HaTeKyiqr{Te (r'nanr

  • Ta6lnua 10.33a .na ce Kor{neHcnpar rpe[IKI'Ire npnd na uurepeana rpr6na la 6uqe uoHe 2Hocrra Ha Ae.4eHl{ero i sa H3MejlBar'eb'IHI'IflHefo:

    d>-2i.

    nSMepBaHero, [IrHpolII'tHaran'bra no-rO.flti${a or croii*ypeA I4 BI'lHaflI KparHe Ha

    ( 10.1 1)

    (10.12!

    lpanuuir uarHTepBana,

    mm

    24,768-24,778

    21,778-24,788

    24,788-24,i98

    24,798-24,808

    24,808-24,8i8

    24,818-24,828

    24,828*24,838

    21,838-24,818

    24,848*24,658

    *'lfli-iatl

    _-t

    iX

    o,izs I lz,zs;s

    (10.10)3a npuuepa d.:10)2i:2.

    3.+. onpeaedlsHe Ha a6cornrsara qecT0ra lia [potlBflBaHe Ha pa3-MepHre n;

    -

    wpe1pofitsaT ce,&,eraii.nnle or I{38a"(Kara, ql{l4ro peSMepK(rouuocrua noxasarenn) ce ercanutsar B AaAeH IlHTepBa.[. Aaug.rlte ceHaHacfir s la6r. lC.3'

    3.5. I4equinfiBaHe I{a oTHOCHTe"IHHTe rteCToTII Ha noflBflBAHe Ha paa-MepHre ,'i:#. !.auunre ce HaHacsr e x?64. 10.3'

    4. Oqeuxa FIa ilapaMerpnre Ha paBIIpeAeJeHI{ero.4.1. OnpeaeJifiHe Ha cpe4Hoapl'irh{erl4qi'Iara crofiHocr X

    ASr,A

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    0,062

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    5,25

    tt,25

    9,625

    48,2666

    s5,1602

    17,9643

    0,1938

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    50,9293

    53,68i0

    38,7535

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    (10.13)

    K'br,ero .lcj e pa3\,Iepbr Ha i'rlas AerafiJI or I{3BaAKara;a

    -fipawSBOJIHO ri0cTottHHo r{Hcno;

    .tr7 -

    cpe,Eara Ha HHTepBaila Ha orKJloHeHI{eTo;rz7-geCroTaTaHanosBtlBaHeI{apa3\{epB'Q'AAeHH}lTepBae"

    flpn rtnru 6poii ,cailHll ce nperopbrlBa I'Isnon3yBaHero ua $op-nayrra 10.tr3.3a npxnepa no $oprvryna 10.11 (ax. ra6a. t0.2) X:24,813875 mm"flo Qopuy.rra 10.13 (ox. ra6,r. 1!.3) X:45,875 pm. Pesyntarl{recaBepHI{, Ho BbB Bropus cnyvafi X e cpe4HoapflTMerl{quo orK'IIo}IeHHeor ycnoBHa HyJIa, 3a Korro e nplrer Hafi-Ma,[xuq pa3-Yep^ xmin::zd,ios ;t. hpou.p*ut. IIoKa3Ba cbul,fl pe3ynrar: X:24,768't+0,045875 :24,813875.

    flpn nlrrr{CJIeHHITa Molre Aa Ce pa6OrU C pa3MepIETe Xmax, Xmintt 7 unu caMo c rexHHTe orKroseHns!

    4.2. Onpeaensre Ha Aucrepcuffra:

    72

    8,9375

    4,6875

    , ] ,,0,,I

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    (10.14,},

  • n:SVi-X\z'ni.L N_I ( i 0.15)

    I

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    4.3. Onpege;lnHe ria cpelHoKBa.{,parr.rqHoro orK,'roHeHne no @op-M'xara :- r--. - lD. (10.16)

    3a npnMepa o:t/':zz,oo9: 17,944 pm.5. Crarucraqeci

  • Ta6auua 10.45.3.1. tr4s,{NcJIfiBa ce reoperrlqgara

    ""{,eH nHTepBaJ no oopM)r!'IaraN.d

    "rt o'Ta6rxria 10.5

    I{CCTOTA HA

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    nonalaHe Ha Aa'

    (r0.25)0,000,0r

    0,030,040,050,060,0?0,0B0,0e0,100,110,1$0, t3o,140,150,16a,l70,r8o,x Ia,2a0,210,220,23a,240,?s0,260,270,2,sr) 9q0,300,310.32r, 22

    0,3.10,350,360,,370,380,$90,,100,114,420,430,440,,150,460,470,480,,i90,50

    0,54600,34850,35r0u,,i5300,35550,35750,36000,36200,364D0d3665u,3ti850,371u0,373r)0,37500,37i0u,37900,38100,383i0,8E500,38700,38900,3:lU50,39250,3-q450,3'--r6o0,3S600,4r000,{0i50,40300,4050U,4N650,40800,-t 1000,41r50,,11300,4145t),416 i4,4t750,4190o,4205a,42200,12350,42500,42650,42300,42900,43050,43200,43300,43350,4355

    1,53I ,54l (4I.OO1,57l,5Ei,591,60r ,61r,621,631,641,65I,bor,671,681,6t'1,701,7 |t,721,73r,74|,75I,loa,I tI,78I,79l,E01,811,821,83I,84l,B51,861 ,87},BB1,891,90r ollq?i,93t,94I,951,96t,E7l,9B1,99t nrt2,012,42

    0,-i3700,4 3800,43950, i4050,"{4200,41300,44400,4 4 500,44650,44750,44850,'14951r,.15050,4515\l,.*ulo0,45350,45450,45550,45650,45750,.l5il;-)0,15900,4600fi,46l00,46150,46250,46350'46400,46500,4 655t),46650,46700,4680(-\,rl6J5lr, ibgS0,47000,17050,"r715tt,4.720A,4l2FJ\i,-173A'i),47 4i\0,47450,47500,475s0,47600,47ii54,47750,4;800,4 7850,4790

    | ,,ru ,j,47_cS0,.1i\000,18' 50.4tti00,.18100,48 1 5I ), il8200,48?50,48i1,,j0,,tE350,4b4

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    4,484 i0,48450,4E500,48550,46550,4E600,18650,48700,48704,48750,488,)0,48300,.18850,48$50,48900,18i15{1,48950,41r000,49000,"19050,49050,49100,4E100,49 i 50,4r1150,4920

    0,Js200,49250,4s250,493i)0,49300,4s300"49350,49e50,4e400,4114')A,4i:j4}0,49450.4!l{5

    I.,oto \ o,ttI o.tor, I o,5lI u, os I o,seI ti,rrtZ | 0,5+lo,c16 I ,.''55I ri.,r20 I 0,56I o,oz+ I o,sz0,02s 0,5s10,()32 I 0,56| 0,036 I 0,6,JI o,o t': I o,e t| 0.014 I 0,62I o,ors-l o,osi o.o5rb 0.64I o.oissl o,osi o,os:?l o,ooL 0,063i,1 0,67i o,ooz9l o,os| {}, )7lD 0.6Ji 0,075b 0,70I o.oze5 o,z iI o,o83 )l ,,72I o,,t8zoi o,taI o,osrol o,zaI o,ossol o,zsI o,or8s o,z610,102) 0,77| ;r,1Jdb rr,7Bl0,1lr)Dl u,79I o,t t +ol o,soI o,l1B0l 0,81| 0.121)l 0,s2I 0,12551 o,sB| 0,l26bl 0,s4I o.r33ol o,8b0,r 370i 0,860,140i1 0,s7o,t415l 0,8s0,14801 0,89

    10.1515i 0,s0,),15551 U.9l0,15s01 0,120,1630i 0,93

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    (10.26)

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    KbI{ero nt e 6poxt Ha cpaBrrsBaHuTe r{ecrorrr (rurcoea;u); neo6xo_nriilo r,rc"Iotsrie 3a npu/'iarane Ha l{prreplrfi x2 e iz.,is-r,: aKo rpi,i Ii3*rllicJIelillflTa c floa'I|9[t IiHTepBaJ] c nri{5, Teo}rei'i.iqHiira riecT.o?a cenpl'icT'eAlll{titsa Kbl'{ qecTorara IIa crrceriillH III:irepBa.:I, TaKa qe c},h{a-ra Aa 6'sAe no-rorlflMa or 5;Ta6,ruua 10,6

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