TNG QUAN CC HM TRONG EXCEL 00:34 707 0 Ebook Tin hc Ln | Va | Nh TNG QUAN CC HM TRONG EXCEL I. Gii thiu Ti liu ny s hng dn bn s dng cc hm Excel gii mt bi ton t n gin n phc tp nh ma trn, thng k,... mt cch d dng v nhanh chng. Nhng hm m bn tip xc trong Excel cng l nhng hm s m bn thng xuyn gp trong cc ng dng khc nh Access, SQL,... v trong k thut lp trnh PASCAL, C++, C#, VB.NET,.... S dng v hiu cc hm Excel s gip bn c nn tng c bn khi lm vic vi cc phn mm tnh ton khc, tin xa hn trong k thut lp trnh, ... II. C bn v hm s trong Excel: Mt s kin thc c bn v hm s v cch tnh ton trong Excel m bn cn nm r trc khi lm vic vi bng tnh Excel. 2.1 Ton t: Microsoft Excel s dng cc ton t ton hc + , -, *, /, ^ (ly tha). Microsoft Excel s dng cc ton t so snh >, >=, TODAY()) l khi cha bit n hm DATEDIF(). By gi, vi DATEDIF(), cng thc trn ch ngn nh vy thi, m ra kt qu vn chnh xc: = DATEDIF(Birthdate, TODAY(), "y") V d, hm nay l ngy 09/01/2007: * Vi ngy sinh l 05/01/1969 ( t chc sinh nht ri), DATEDIF("05/01/1969", TODAY(), "y") = 39 * Nhng vi ngy sinh l 11/1/1969 (cha t chc sinh nht), DATEDIF("11/01/1969", TODAY(), "y") = 38 *Tm mt gi, pht, giy no tnh t lc ny

Nh ti ni trn, hm TIME() s t ng iu chnh kt qu ca mt gi tr thi gian khi nhng thng s trong hm khng hp l (gi > 24, pht v giy > 60). V do , khi cn tnh ton hoc tm mt gi tr thi gian no k t lc ny (hoc bt k lc no), ngi ta thng s dng hm TIME(). V d, cng thc sau y s cho ra kt qu l thi gian vo 12 ting na k t lc ny: = TIME(HOUR(NOW()) + 12, MINUTE(NOW()), SECOND(NOW())) Khng ging nh hm DATE(), bn khng th n gin cng thm gi, pht, hay giy trong hm TIME(). V d cng thc sau y ch lm mi chuyn l tng thm 1 ngy vo ngy thng nm v thi gian hin ti: = NOW() + 1 Nu bn mun cng thm gi, pht, hay giy vo mt gi tr thi gian, bn phi tnh thi gian cng thm theo mt t l ca mt ngy. V d, bi v mt ngy th c 24 gi, nn mt gi c tnh nh l 1/24. Cng vy, bi v mt gi th c 60 pht, nn mt pht s c tnh nh l 1/24/60 (ca mt ngy). V cui cng, bi v c 60 giy trong mt pht, nn 1 giy trong mt ngy s c tnh bng 1/24/60/60. *Tnh tng thi gian Khi tnh tng thi gian, bn nn phn bit hai trng hp sau y: * Cng thm gi, pht, giy: V d, by gi l 8 gi, cng thm 2 ting na, l 10 gi... Hoc by gi l 23 gi, cng thm 3 ting na l 2 gi sng (ch khng phi 26 gi)... Nu cng kiu ny th bn c cng bnh thng, dng hm TIME() v nu cn th theo bng hng dn trn. * Cng tng thi gian lm vic: Mi ngy ti lm vic 18 ting, vy hai ngy ti lm my ting? l 36 ting. Nhng nu bn dng format bnh thng dng thi gian th Excel n s t quy ra (3624) = 12:00... c kt qu l 36:00, bn phi nh dng thi gian cho theo kiu: [h]:mm:ss (gi nm trong mt cp du ngoc vung)

Ly li nh dng ngy thng i khi, bn nhn c mt ci database m khng hiu v mt l do g , cell cha ngy thng nm n nh sau: 20070823, ngha l n c nh dng theo kiu YYYYMMDD. Trng hp ny, khng th dng Format Cell ca Excel nh dng li, m bn phi dng n hm DATE(year, month, day) v cc hm x l text, v d hm LEFT(), MID() v RIGHT() ly cc tr s ngy, thng, nm cho hm DATE(): Ti gi s con s 20070823 ny ang nm cell A1, th cng thc LEFT(A1, 4) s cho ta tr s ca nm, MID(A1, 3, 2) s cho tr s ca thng v RIGHT(A1, 2) s cho tr s ca ngy. Gi s trong Control Panel ca bn nh dng ngy thng nm theo kiu dd/mm/yyyy, v cell nhn kt qu ca bn c nh dng theo kiu ngy thng nm, bn dng hm DATE(year, month, day) vi 3 tham s l 3 cng thc va lm trn, ta s c: =DATE(LEFT(A1, 4), MID(A1, 5, 2), RIGHT(A1, 2)) 23/8/2007

HM TM KIM V THAM CHIU Bao gm cc hm tm kim v tham chiu rt hu ch khi bn lm vic vi CSDL ln trong EXCEL nh k ton, tnh lng, thu... =ADDRESS(row_num, column_num [, abs_num] [, a1] [, sheet_text]) Dng to a ch dng chui k t, theo ch s dng

v ch s ct c cung cp. row_num: S th t dng ca a ch column_num: S th t ct ca a ch abs_num: Kiu a ch (tuyt i hay tng i) - mc nh l tuyt i a1: Dng a ch (=TRUE: dng A1; =FALSE: dng R1C1) - mc nh l TRUE sheet_text: Tn ca sheet cha a ch - mc nh l khng c =AREAS(reference) Tr v s vng tham chiu trong mt tham chiu. Mi vng tham chiu c th l mt ri rc hoc l mt dy lin tc trong bng tnh. reference: L mt hoc nhiu vng tham chiu m bn cn m. Nu mun a nhiu vng ri rc nhau vo cng thc th bn phn cch chng bng du phy, nu khng ngn bng du phy, Excel s khng m (xem v d 3 di y) =CHOOSE Tr v gi tr trong mng gi tr ti v tr c ch nh. =COLUMN(reference) Tr v s th t ct ca u tin gc trn bn tri ca vng tham chiu. reference: L hoc mt vng nhiu . Nu reference b trng th COLUMN() tr v s th t ct ca cha cng thc. =COLUMNS(array) Tr v s ct ca vng tham chiu. array: L hoc mt vng nhiu , mng tham chiu =HYPERLINK(link_location, friendly_name) To mt siu lin kt, mt lin kt m mt ti liu... link_location: ng dn n ti liu cn m, nhp dng chui k t. Link_location c th ch n mt c bit, tn ca mt dy trong mt trang bng tnh hoc mt bng tnh, hoc ch n mt nh du (bookmark) trong Microsoft Excel. Link_location cng c th ch n mt tp tin lu trn cng, hoc mt ng dn truy xut ni b trn mt my ch hoc mt ng dn ti nguyn

URL trn mng intranet, internet. - Link_location c th l mt chui k t t trong du nhy kp, hoc mt no cha ng dn di dng chui k t. - Nu link_location lin kt n mt ti nguyn khng tn ti, s xut hin li khi bn kch vo cha hm HYPERLINK() ny. firendly_name: L ni dung hin th trong cha hm HYPERLINK(), c th l mt s, hoc chui k t. Ni dung ny s hin th bng mu xanh v c gch chn, nu khng c firendly_name th chnh link_location s hin th. - Firendly_name c th l mt gi tr, mt chui k t, mt tn mng, hoc mt lin kt n mt gi tr hoc mt chui vn bn. - Nu firendly_name lin kt n mt gi tr b li, th chnh tn ci li s c hin th thay th cho ni dung bn cn. V d: =HYPERLINK("http://example.microsoft.com/report/bu dget report.xls", "Click for report") s hin th: Click for report, v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh budget report.xls ca trang web http://example.microsoft.com/report =HYPERLINK("F:\GPE\book2.xls",F10) s hin th ni dung ca F10 v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh book2.xls th mc GPE ca F =HYPERLINK("F:\GPE\book2.xls",F10) s hin th ni dung ca F10 v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh book2.xls th mc GPE ca F =MATCH Tr v v tr ca mt gi tr trong bng d liu =INDEX Tr v mt gi tr trong bng d liu tng ng vi ch mc ca n. Tm kim trong nhiu ct i khi, cc d liu dng tm kim khng nm mt ct m trong nhiu ct.

V d, bn c mt danh sch c tch sn h v tn ring ra hai ct. Ngi ta yu cu da vo h v tn xc nh chc v. Chng ta c th dng mt ct ph ni h v tn li ri tm theo ct ph... Nhng c l khng cn, v ti s dng hm INDEX() v MATCH() vi cng thc mng. Hm MATCH() c mt c php t ngi bit n, l: =MATCH(value1 & value2, array1 & array2, match_type) value1 & value2 l cc d liu tm (v d h v tn) array1 & array2 l cc ct (hoc hng) cha cc d liu dng tm kim V y l c php dng INDEX() ghp vi MATCH() trong cng thc mng: {=INDEX(reference, MATCH(value1 & value2, array1 & array2, match_type))} =INDIRECT(ref_text [, a1]) ref_text l tham chiu ti mt (c th l dng A1 hoc dng R1C1), l tn nh ngha ca mt tham chiu, hoc l mt tham chiu dng chui. -Nu ref_text khng hp l, INDIRECT() s bo li #REF! -Nu ref_text cha tham chiu n mt bng tnh khc th bng tnh ny phi ang m, nu khng, INDIRECT() cng bo li #REF! a1 l gi tr logic xc nh dng tham chiu bn trong ref_text. a1 = TRUE (hoc l 1, hoc khng nhp) l kiu tham chiu A1 a1 = FALSE (hoc l 2) l kiu tham chiu R1C1 Tr v gi tr ca mt tham chiu t chui k t. Tham chiu c tr v ngay tc thi hin th ni dung ca chng. Cng c th dng hm INDIRECT khi mun thay i tham chiu ti mt bn trong mt cng thc m khng cn thay i cng thc .

=LOOKUP D tm mt gi tr Hm LOOKUP Dng d tm mt gi tr t mt dng hoc mt ct trong mt dy hoc mt mng gi tr. Hm LOOKUP() c hai dng: Vec-t (vector form) v Mng (array form) * Dng Vec-t: LOOKUP() tm kim trn mt dng hoc mt ct, nu tm thy s tr v gi tr ca cng v tr trn dng (hoc ct) c ch nh. * Dng Mng: LOOKUP() tm kim trn dng (hoc ct) u tin ca mt mng gi tr, nu tm thy s tr v gi tr ca cng v tr trn dng (hoc ct) cui cng trong mng . ^^ Vector form (dng vec-t) C php: LOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_vector, result_vector) lookup_value: L gi tr LOOKUP() s tm kim trong lookup_vector. N c th l mt s, mt k t, mt gi tr logic, mt tn c nh ngha ca mt vng hoc mt tham chiu n mt gi tr. lookup_vector: L mt vng m ch gm mt dng (hoc mt ct) c cha lookup_value. Nhng gi tr cha trong vng ny c th l mt s, mt k t hoc mt gi tr logic. - lookup_vector phi c sp xp theo th t tng dn, nu khng, LOOKUP() c th cho kt qu khng chnh xc. - Nu khng tm thy lookup_value trong lookup_vector th LOOKUP() s ly gi tr ln nht m nh hn hoc bng lookup_value. - Nu lookup_value nh hn gi tr nh nht trong lookup_vector th LOOKUP() s bo li #NA! result_vector: L mt vng m ch gm mt dng (hoc mt ct) cha gi tr tr v. Kch thc ca result_vector bt buc phi bng kch thc ca lookup_vector.

^^ Array form (dng mng) C php: LOOKUP(lookup_value, array) lookup_value: L gi tr LOOKUP() s tm kim trong array. N c th l mt s, mt k t, mt gi tr logic, mt tn c nh ngha ca mt vng hoc mt tham chiu n mt gi tr. - Nu khng tm thy lookup_value trong array th LOOKUP() s ly gi tr ln nht m nh hn hoc bng lookup_value. - Nu lookup_value nh hn gi tr nh nht trong ct hoc hng u tin trong array th LOOKUP() s bo li #NA! array: L mt vng cha lookup_value, c th l s, k t, hoc gi tr logic. Dng mng ca LOOKUP() gn tng ng nh hm VLOOKUP() hoc HLOOKUP(). Khc bit ch VLOOKUP() v HLOOKUP() tm kim trn ct (hoc dng) u tin, cn LOOKUP() tm kim trn ct hoc trn dng ty thuc vo dng mng c khai bo: - Nu array l mng c s ct nhiu hn s dng th LOOKUP() s tm trn dng u tin. - Nu array l mng c s dng nhiu hn s ct th LOOKUP() s tm trn ct u tin. - Trng hp array l mng c s dng bng s ct th LOOKUP() s tm trn ct u tin. - VLOOKUP() v HLOOKUP() ly kt qu trn ct (hoc) dng c ch nh, cn LOOKUP() lun lun ly kt qu trn dng (hoc ct) cui cng. - Cc gi tr trn dng (hoc ct) u tin ca array phi c sp xp theo th t tng dn, nu khng, LOOKUP() c th cho kt qu khng chnh xc. Hm GETPIVOTDATA()

Tr v d liu c lu gi trong bo co PivotTable. C th dng GETPIVOTDATA() ly d liu tng kt t mt bo co PivotTable, vi iu kin l phi thy c d liu tng kt t trong bo co . nhanh chng nhp cng thc GETPIVOTDATA(), bn c th g du = vo mun nhn d liu tng kt, ri nhp vo cha s liu tng kt ca bo co PivotTable. C php: = GETPIVOTDATA(data_field, pivot_table, field1, item1, field2, item2,...) data_field : Tn trng cha d liu tng kt ca bo co PivotTable. Tn ny phi c t trong mt cp du nhy kp. pivot_data : Tham chiu n mt , dy , hoc tn dy bn trong mt bo co PivotTable. Thng tin ny c dng xc nh bo co PivotTable no cha d liu tr v. field1, item1, field2, item2,... : C th c t 1 n 126 (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 14) cp tn field v item m t d liu mun tr v. Nhng cp ny c th thuc bt c loi no. Nu tn field v item khng l ngy thng hoc s liu, cn phi t chng trong cp du nhy kp. i vi loi bo co OLAP PivotTable, items c th bao gm y ng dn ln tn ca item. Mt cp field v item ca OLAP PivotTable c th nh sau: "[Product]","[Product].[All Products].[Foods].[Baked Goods]" Lu : * Cc field hay item tnh ton v cc php tnh t to c th c t trong php tnh GETPIVOTDATA. * Nu pivot_table l mt dy c cha nhiu hn 1 bo co PivotTable, d liu tr v s l t bo co c to ra sau cng. * Nu i s field v cc i s ca item m t ch mi mt , gi tr ca s c tr v m khng cn bit gi tr l chui, l s, l li, hay l mt th g ... * Nu item cha ngy thng, gi tr phi c biu din di dng mt chui s hoc c thit lp bng cch dng hm DATE() gi tr s khng bin i khi bng tnh c m mt my

khc, c h thng nh dng ngy thng khc vi ni to ra n. V d, mt item tham chiu ti ngy 5 thng 3 nm 1999 c th c nhp l 36224 hay DATE(1999, 3, 5). Thi gian c th c nhp nh mt gi tr thp phn hoc bng cch dng hm TIME(). * Nu pivot_table khng phi l mt dy c cha bo co PivotTable, GETPIVOTDATA() s tr v li #REF! * Nu cc i s miu t mt field khng th thy c, hoc nu chng gm mt trng khng hin th, GETPIVOTDATA() cng s tr v li #REF! Hm DGET() Trch mt gi tr t mt ct ca mt danh sch hay c s d liu, khp vi iu kin c ch nh. C php: = DGET(database, field, criteria) =OFFSET(reference, rows, cols [, height] [, width]) Tr v mt vng tham chiu t mt vng xut pht. y l mt trong nhng hm rt hay ca Excel, v c ng dng rt nhiu. N dng tham chiu n mt vng no , bt u t mt , hoc mt dy , vi mt khong cch c ch nh. reference: L vng m bn mun lm im xut pht tham chiu n vng khc. Reference phi ch n mt hoc mt dy lin tc, nu khng, hm s bo li #VALUE! rows: S dng di ln (hoc xung) tnh t reference, nhp s dng nu mun di xung, hoc s m nu mun di ln. cols: S ct di sang phi tri (hoc phi) tnh t reference, nhp s dng nu mun di sang phi, hoc s m nu mun di sang tri. height: L s dng ( cao) ca vng tham chiu cn tr v. width: L s ct ( rng) ca vng tham chiu cn tr v. Ghi ch: * Nu s dng (rows) hoc ct (cols) vt ra ngoi phm vi bng

tnh, hm s bo li #REF! * cao (height) v rng (width) nu khng nhp, th xem nh n bng vi cao v rng ca vng xut pht (reference) =ROW(reference) Tr v s th t dng ca u tin trong dy . Tr v s th t dng ca u tin gc trn bn tri ca vng tham chiu. reference: L hoc mt vng nhiu . Nu reference b trng th ROW() tr v s th t ct ca cha cng thc. =ROWS(array) Tr v s dng ca vng tham chiu. array: L hoc mt vng nhiu , mng tham chiu =TRANSPOSE(array) Chuyn mt vng d liu ngang thnh dc v ngc li. Hm TRANSPOSE() lun lun c nhp dng cng thc mng (nhn Ctrl-Shift-Enter sau khi nhp) array: L mng d liu cn hon chuyn Nu s ct trong vng nhp cng thc nhiu hn s hng ca array, hoc s hng trong vng nhp cng thc nhiu hn s ct ca array, hm s bo li #NA ti nhng b d ra. =VLOOKUP(gi tr tm, vng cn tm, ct cn ly, cch tm) D tm mt gi tr trn ct u tin v tr v ... Hm tm kim v tham chiu theo ct. Vng cn tm: thng ch gi tr tuyt i: $ Ct cn ly: vng cn tm. Cch tm: Tm theo 2 gi tr: 0: Ct bn tri ca vng cn tm khng sp xp (ngm nh) 1: Sp xp tng dn. =HLOOKUP(gi tr tm, vng cn tm, hng cn ly, cch tm) D tm mt gi tr trn hng u tin v tr v ... - ging hm VLOOKUP

HM TON HC V LNG GIC Bao gm cc hm v ton hc v lng gic gip bn c th gii mt bi ton i s, gii tch, hoc lng gic t tiu hc n i hc... Lu n quy cch hin th s ca VN v ca US. lun nhp p mt gi tr kiu s bn hy s dng bn phm s. =ABS Tnh tr tuyt i ca mt s =ACOS Tnh nghch o cosin =ACOSH Tnh nghch o cosin hyperbol =ASIN Tnh nghch o sin =ASINH Tnh nghch o sin hyperbol =ATAN Tnh nghch o tang =ATAN2 Tnh nghch o tang vi ta =ATANH Tnh nghch o tang hyperbol =CEILING L trn n bi s gn nht =COMBIN Tnh t hp t s phn t chn =COS Tnh cosin ca mt gc =COSH Tnh cosin hyperbol

=DEGREES i radians sang =EVEN Lm trn mt s n s nguyn chn gn nht. =EXP Tnh ly tha c s e =FACT Tnh giai tha ca mt s =FACTDOUBLE Tnh ly tha cp 2 =FLOOR Lm trn xung n bi s gn nht do bn ch. =GCD Tm c s chung ln nht =INT(X) Lm trn xung s nguyn gn nht (Hm ly gi tr l phn nguyn-Hm cho gi tr l phn nguyn ca X) =LCM Tm bi s chung nh nht =LN Tnh logarit c s t nhin ca mt s =LOG Tnh logarit =LOG10 Tnh logarit c s 10 =MDETERM Tnh nh thc ca ma trn =MINVERSE Tm ma trn nghch o =MMULT Tnh tch 2 ma trn =MOD(a,b) Hm cho gi tr l phn d ca php chia a:b =MROUND Lm trn mt s n bi s ca s khc.

=MULTINOMIAL T l giai tha tng vi tch cc giai tha ca cc s. =ODD Lm trn n mt s nguyn l gn nht. =PI Tr v gi tr pi =POWER Tnh ly tha ca mt s =PRODUCT Tnh tch cc s =QUOTIENT Ly phn nguyn ca php chia =RADIANS i sang radians. =RAND Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong 0 v 1 =RANDBETWEEN Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong do bn ch nh Hm ROMAN() Dng chuyn i mt s dng -rp sang dng s La-m C php: = ROMAN(number, form) number: S cn chuyn i form: dng chuyn i 0 (hoc TRUE, hoc khng nhp): Dng c in 1 cho n 3: Dng c in nhng c rt gn, s cng ln rt gn cng nhiu (xem thm v d) 4 (hoc FALSE): Dng hin i Ch : * number phi l s dng, nu number < 0 hm s bo li #VALUE! * Nu number l s thp phn, ROMAN() ch chuyn i phn nguyn ca n * Hm ROMAN() ch x l c ti s ln nht l 3999, nu

number > 3999 hm s bo li #VALUE! * Sau khi chuyn i, kt qu s l mt d liu dng text, v khng th tnh ton vi n c na V d: ROMAN(499, 0) = CDXCIX = ROMAN(499) = ROMAN(499, TRUE) ROMAN(499, 1) = LDVLIV ROMAN(499, 2) = XDIX ROMAN(499, 3) = VDIV ROMAN(499, 4) = ID = ROMAN(499, FALSE) ROMAN(2008) = MMVIII =ROUND(X,n) Hm lm trn n s ca X Nu n dng (n>0) s lm trn s bn phi k t v tr du chm thp phn. Nu n m (n 1, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! V d: BINOMDIST(6, 10, 0.5, 0) = 0.2050781 BINOMDIST(6, 10, 0.5, 1) = 0.828125 Hm CHIDIST() Tr v xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. Phn phi chi-squared kt hp vi php th chi-squared dng so snh cc gi tr quan st vi cc gi tr k vng. V d, mt th nghim v di truyn c th gi thit rng th h k

tip ca cc cy trng s tha hng mt tp hp cc mu sc no ; bng cch so snh cc gi tr quan st c vi cc gi tr k vng, c th thy c gi thit ban u l ng hay sai. C php: = CHIDIST(x, degrees_freedom) x : Gi tr dng tnh phn phi. degrees_freedom : S bc t do. Lu : * Nu cc i s khng phi l s, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu x < 0, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu degrees_freedom khng phi l s nguyn, phn thp phn ca n s b ct b tr thnh s nguyn. * Nu degrees_freedom < 1 hay degrees_freedom > 10^10, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * CHIDIST() c tnh ton theo cng thc: CHIDIST = P(X > x), vi X l bin ngu nhin chi-squared. V d: CHIDIST(18.307, 10) = 0.050001 Hm NORMINV() Tr v nghch o ca phn phi tch ly chun. C php: = NORMINV(probability, mean, standard_dev) probability : Xc sut ng vi phn phi chun mean : Gi tr trung bnh cng ca phn phi standard_dev : lch chun ca phn phi Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, NORMINV() s bo li #VALUE! * Nu probability nh hn 0 hoc ln hn 1, NORMINV() s bo li #NUM! * Nu standard_dev nh hn hoc bng 0, NORMDINV() s bo

li #NUM! * Nu mean = 0 v standard_dev = 1, NORMINV() s dng phn b chun. * NORMINV() s dng phng php lp i lp li tnh hm. Nu NORMINV() khng hi t sau 100 ln lp, hm s bo li #NA!

Anh vn 1000 T hay dng nht the, of, to, and, a, in, is, it, you, that, he, was, for, on, are, with, as, I, his, they, be, at, one, have, this, from, or, had, by, hot, word, but, what, some, we, can, out, other, were, all, there, when, up, use, your, how, said, an, each, she, which, do, their, time, if, will, way, about, many, then, them, write, would, like, so, these, her, long, make, thing, see, him, two, has, look, more, day, could, go, come, did, number, sound, no, most, people, my, over, know, water, than, call, first, who, may, down, side, been, now, find, any, new, work, part, take, get, place, made, live, where, after, back, little, only, round, man, year, came, show, every, good, me, give, our, under, name, very, through, just, form, sentence, great, think, say, help, low, line, differ, turn, cause, much, mean, before, move, right, boy, old, too, same, tell, does, set, three, want, air, well, also, play, small, end, put, home, read, hand, port cng, large, spell b ba, add, even, land, here, must, big, high, such, follow, act, why, ask, men, change, went, light, kind, off, need, house, picture, try, us, again, animal, point, mother, world, near, build, self, earth, father, head, stand, own, page, should, country, found, answer, school, grow,

study, still, learn, plant, cover, food, sun, four, between, state nghi l, trng thi,tnh trng, keep, eye, never, last, let, thought, city, tree, cross, farm, hard, start, might, story, saw, far, sea, draw, left, late, run, don't, while, press, close, night, real, life, few, north, open, seem, together, next, white, children, begin, got, walk, example, ease, paper, group, always, music, those, both, mark, often, letter, until, mile, river, car, feet, care, second, book, carry, took, science, eat, room, friend, began, idea, fish, mountain, stop, once, base, hear, horse, cut, sure, watch, color, face, wood, main, enough, plain, girl, usual, young, ready, above, ever, red, list, though, feel, talk, bird, soon, body, dog, family, direct, pose, leave, song, measure, door, product, black, short, numeral, class, wind, question, happen, complete, ship, area, half, rock, order, fire, south, problem, piece, told, knew, pass, since, top, whole, king, space, heard, best, hour, better, true ., during, hundred, five, remember, step, early, hold, west, ground, interest, reach, fast, verb, sing, listen, six, table, travel, less, morning,ten, simple, several, vowel, toward, war, lay, against, pattern, slow, center, love, person, money, serve, appear, road, map, rain, rule, govern cm quyn,kim ch,nh hung, pull, cold, notice, voice, unit, power, town, fine, certain, fly, fall, lead, cry, dark, machine, note, wait, plan, figure, star, box, noun, field, rest, correct, able, pound, done, beauty, drive, stood, contain, front, teach, week, final, gave, green, oh, quick, develop, ocean, warm, free, minute, strong, special, mind, behind, clear, tail, produce, fact, street, inch, multiply, nothing, course, stay, wheel, full, force, blue, object, decide, surface, deep, moon, island, foot, system, busy, test, record, boat, common, gold, possible, plane, stead, dry, wonder, laugh, thousand, ago, ran, check, game, shape, equate, hot, miss, brought, heat, snow, tire, bring, yes, distant, fill, east, paint, language, among, grand, ball, yet, wave, drop, heart, am, present, heavy, dance, engine, position, arm, wide, sail, material, size, vary, settle inh c, speak, weight, general, ice, matter, circle, pair, include, divide, syllable, felt, perhaps, pick, hi , thu hoch,b i, tuc ra, sudden, count, square, reason, length, represent miu t,

hnh dung, tiu biu, art, subject, region, energy, hunt, probable, bed, brother, egg, ride, cell, believe, fraction, forest, sit, race, window, store, summer, train, sleep, prove, lone, leg, exercise, wall, catch, mount, wish, sky, board, joy, winter, sat, written, wild, instrument, kept, glass, grass, cow, job, edge, sign, visit, past, soft, fun, bright, gas, weather, month, million, bear, finish, happy, hope, flower, clothe, strange, gone, jump, baby, eight, village, meet, root, buy, raise, solve, metal, whether, push, seven, paragraph, third, shall, held, hair, describe, cook, floor, either, result, burn, hill, safe,cat, century, consider, type, law, bit, coast, copy, phrase, silent, tall, sand, soil, roll, temperature, finger, industry, value, fight, lie, beat, excite, natural, view, sense, ear, else, quite, broke, case, middle, kill, son, lake, moment, scale(n),(v) vy,nh vy, loud, spring, observe, child, straight, consonant, nation, dictionary, milk, speed, method, organ, pay, age, section, dress, cloud, surprise, quiet, stone, tiny, climb, cool, design, poor, lot, experiment, bottom, key, iron, single, stick, flat, twenty, skin, smile, crease, hole, trade, melody(N)giai iu, trip, office, receive, row, mouth, exact, symbol, die, least, trouble, shout, except, wrote, seed, tone, join, suggest, clean, break, lady, yard, rise, bad, blow, oil, blood, touch(N) s m, ng chm, grew, cent(N) ng xu, mix, team, wire, cost, lost, brown, wear, garden, equal, sent, choose, fell, fit, flow, fair, bank, collect, save, control, decimal, gentle, woman, captain, practice, separate, difficult, doctor, please, protect, noon, whose, locate xc nh v tr, ng v, ring, character, insect su b, cn trng, caught(n) s bt,ci by, period, indicate ch cho bit, ra du,biu l. biu th, trnh by s qua. radio, spoke, atom nguyn t, human, history, effect, electric, expect, crop v ma, thu hoch,, modern, element, hit, student, corner gc, li r, party, supply, bone xong, thn th, rail tay vn. lang can ,ng ray, imagine, provide, agree, thus(adv) theo ,do , capital, won't, chair, danger, fruit, rich, thick, soldier, process, operate, guess, necessary, sharp sc, nhn bn, wing cnh,s bay, s ct cnh, create, neighbor, wash, bat gy, vt, rather, crowd, corn ht ng cc,cc chai chn, compare, poem, string dy, dy n, th,

bell, depend, meat, rub, tube, famous, dollar, stream, fear, sight, thin, triangle, planet, hurry, chief, colony, clock, mine, tie, enter, major, fresh, search, send, yellow, gun, allow, print, dead, spot, desert, suit, current, lift, rose, continue, block, chart, hat, sell, success, company, subtract, event, particular, deal, swim, term, opposite, wife, shoe, shoulder, spread, arrange, camp, invent, cotton, born, determine, quart, nine, truck, noise, level, chance, gather, shop, stretch, throw, shine, property, column, molecule (ha hc), phn t, select, wrong, gray, repeat, require, broad, prepare, salt, nose, plural, anger, claim, continent, oxygen, sugar, death, pretty, skill, women, season, solution, magnet nam chm, silver, thank, branch, match, suffix, especially, fig qu sung, qu, v, qun phc,trang phc, afraid, huge, sister, steel, discuss, forward, similar, guide, experience, score, apple, bought, led, pitch, coat, mass, card, band, rope, slip s trut chn , iu lm li,o gi, win, dream, evening, condition, feed, tool, ]total, basic, smell, valley, nor, double, seat, arrive, master, track, parent, shore, division, sheet, substance, favor, connect, post, spend, chord, fat, glad, original, share, station, dad, bread, charge, proper, bar, offer, segment on, khc t,, slave nguoi n l, duck con vt, instant, market, degree, populate sinh sng, c tr, chick g con, chim con, dear, enemy k th, reply, drink, occur, support, speech, nature, range, steam, motion s vn ng, c ch, dng i, path, liquid, log nguoi n, nguoi ngu, nguoi ng ngn, khc g mi n h, meant, quotient thng s, teeth, shell v, mai, neck. tomb (ci m), Tombstone (ci bia trn m). Cc t vit tt trong Eng 14:10 708 0 Learning English Vocabulary Ln | Va | Nh

CC T VIT TT

BA: (Bachelor of Arts) C nhn Vn chng BEng: (Bachelor of Engineering) C nhn K thut BS: (Bachelor of Surgery) C nhn Phu thut BSc: (Bachelor of science) C nhn Khoa hc ELT: (English Language Teaching) o to ting Anh ESL: (English Language Teaching) Ting Anh nh l Ngn ng th hai ESP: (English for Specific Purposes) Ting Anh Chuyn ngnh IELTS: (International English Language Testing System) H thng Kim tra ting Anh Quc t LLM: (Master of Laws) Thc s Lut MA: (Master of Arts) Thc s Vn chng MBA: (Master of Business Administration) Thc s Qun tr Kinh doanh MChem: (Master of Chemistry) Thc s Ho hc Mmath: (Master of Mathematics) Thc s Ton hc (trnh i hc) PhD: (Doctor of Philosophy) Tin s TEFL: (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) Ging dy ting Anh nh mt Ngoi ng TESOL: (Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages) Ging dy Ting Anh cho nhng ngi ni ngn ng khc TOEFL: (Test of English as a Foreign Language) Bi kim tra ting Anh nh l mt Ngoi ng AIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( hi chng suy giam min dich mc phai ) AGM : Annual General Meeting (cuc hop chung hang nm ) BBC :British Broadcastng Corporation (chng trinh phat thanh anh quc ) BA : Bachelor Of Arts (c nhn vn chng ) BASIC : Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (Ki hiu hng dn a dung danh cho ngi bt u s dung may vi tinh )

CARE : Cooperative For American Relief Everywhere ( t chc cu t khp ni cua mi ) EEC : European Economic Community (Cng ng kinh t chu u ) FIFA :International Federation Of Football Associations (Lin oan bong a quc t ) FAO : Food And Agricultural Organisation ( t chc thc phm va nng nghip ) GATT : General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade (hip c chung v thu quan va mu dich ) ILO : International Labour Organisation (t chc lao ng quc t ) IMF : International Monetary Fund (quy tin t quc t ) LASER : Light Amplification By Stimlated Emission Of Radiation (s khuych ai anh sang bng cach kich thich phat ra tia bc xa ) MA : Master Of Arts thac si vn chng) NATO : North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (t chc hip c bc ai ty dng) POW : Prisoner Of War tu nhn chin tranh) RADAR :Radio Detective And Ranging (may v tuyn do tim va phn loai ) SEATO : South East Asia Treaty Organisation (t chc hip c ng nam a ) SALT : Strategic Arms Limitation Talk (cac cuc am phan v gii han vu khi chin lc ) TU : Trade Union (cng oan) UFO : Unidentified Flying Object (vt bay khng xac inh ) UNICEF : United Nations Interational Children's Emergency Fund (quy bao tr nhi ng cua lin hip quc ) UNO :United Nations Organisation

(t chc lin hip quc ) VAT : Value Added Tax (thu gia tri gia tng ) VIP : Very Important Person (ngi rt quan trong ) WHO : World Health Organisation (t chc y t th gii ) WAC : Women's Army Corps (qun oan phu n ) VIT TT V IN THOI 0G: Zero Generation AAC: Advanced Audio Coding AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System AMTS: Advanced Telephone System API: Application programming Interface CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access CPDP: Cellular Digital Packet Data CRT: Cathode Ray Tube DVI: Digital Video Interface EMS: Enhanced Message Service FDMA: Frequency Division Multiple Access FED: Field Emission Display GPRS: Genaral Packet Radio Services GSM: Global System for Mobile Commuications (original acronym: Groupe Special Mobile) HSDPA: High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (3G) HSUPA: Hogh-Speed Uplink Packet Access (3G) IMTS: Improved Telephone Service JavaEE: Java Platform Enterprise Edition

JavaME: Java Platform Micro Editon JavaSE: Java Platform Standard Edition LCD: Liquid Crystal Display LCOS: Liquid Crystal On Silicon LED: Light-Emitting Diode MIDI: Musical Instrument Digital Interface MMS: Multimedia Messaging Service MP3: MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 MTS: Mobile Telephone System PAS: Personal Access System PDA: Personal Digital Assistant PDC: Personal Digital Cellular PDP: Plasma Display Panel PHS: Personal Handy-phone System PTT: Push To Talk OLED: Organic Light-Emitting Diode RUIM: Removable User Identity Module (SIM for CDMA m.phone) SED: Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display SIM: Subscriber Identity Module SMS: Short Message Service TFT: Thin-Film Transistor UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (for 3G m.phone) USIM: Universal Subscriber Identity Module VGA: Video Graphics Array VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol WAP: Wireless Application Protocol W-CDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (for 3G m.phone)

ABB. OF DEGREES BA - Bachelor of Arts BS - Bachelor of Science EdD - Doctor of Education LLB - Bachelor of Laws (legum baccalaureus) LLM - Master of Laws (legum magister) MBA - Master of Business Administration MS - Master of Science BBA - Bachelor of Business Administration DA - Doctor of Arts JD - Doctor of Law LLD - Doctor of Laws (legum doctor) MA - Master of Arts MD - Doctor of Medicine (medicinae doctor) PhD - Doctor of Philosophy CC T VIT TT WRITING Two most common abbreviations in writing. i.e. [id est]= that is e.g. [exempli gratia]= for example Both abbreviations are almost always separated from text by commas. "The best interpretation, i.e., my opinion, is that ..." Abbreviations used in references. et al. [et alia]= and others Used when citing a list of more than three authors to substitute for all the authors' names except the first. ibid. [ibidem]= in the same place

Refers to immediately preceding footnote op. cit. [opere citato]= in the work cited Examples of ibid. and op. cit. 4. R. Poirer, "Learning physics," (Academic, New York, 1993), p. 4. 5. Ibid, p. 9. 6. T. Eliot, "Astrophysics," (Springer, Berlin, 1989), p. 141. 7. Poirer, op. cit., p. 89. 8. Eliot, op. cit., p.148. VIT TT M A.B.= Artium Baccalaureus [Bachelor of Arts] abbr.= abbreviation(s), abbreviated Acad.= Academy A.D.= anno Domini [in the year of the Lord] alt.= altitude A.M.= ante meridiem [before noon]; Artium Magister [Master of Arts] AM= amplitude modulation Assn.= Association at. no.= atomic number at. wt.= atomic weight Aug.= August Ave.= Avenue AWOL= absent without leave b.= born, born in B.C.= Before Christ b.p.= boiling point Btu= British thermal unit(s) C= Celsius (centigrade)

c.= circa [about] cal= calorie(s) Capt.= Captain cent.= century, centuries cm= centimeter(s) co.= county Col.= Colonel; Colossians Comdr.= Commander Corp.= Corporation Cpl.= Corporal cu= cubic d.= died, died in D.C.= District of Columbia Dec.= December dept.= department dist.= District div.= Division E= east, eastern ed.= edited, edition, editor(s) est.= established; estimated et al.= et alii [and others] F= Fahrenheit Feb.= February fl.= floruit [flourished] fl oz= fluid ounce(s) FM= frequency modulation ft= foot, feet gal.= gallon(s) Gen.= General, Genesis GMT= Greenwich mean time GNP= gross national product GOP= Grand Old Party (Republican Party) Gov.= governor grad.= graduated, graduated at H= hour(s)

Hon.= the Honorable hr= hour(s) i.e.= id est [that is] in.= inch(es) inc.= incorporated Inst.= Institute, Institution Jan.= January Jr.= Junior K= Kelvin kg= kilogram(s) km= kilometer(s) = libra [pound], librae [pounds] lat.= latitude lb= libra [pound], librae [pounds] Lib.= Library long.= longitude Lt.= Lieutenant Ltd.= Limited m= meter(s) M= minute(s) mg= milligram(s) mi= mile(s) min= minute(s) mm= millimeter(s) mph= miles per hour Mr.= Mister (always abbreviated) Mrs.= Mistress (always abbreviated) Msgr= Monsignor mt.= Mount, Mountain mts.= mountains Mus.= Museum N= north; Newton(s) NE= northeast no.= number Nov.= November

Oct.= October Op.= Opus [work] oz= ounce(s) pl.= plural pop.= population pseud.= pseudonym pt.= part(s) pt= pint(s) pub.= published; publisher qt= quart(s) Rev.= Revelation; the Reverend rev.= revised R.N.= registered nurse rpm= revolution(s) per minute RR= railroad S= south S= second(s) sec= second(s); secant Sept.= September Ser.= Series Sgt.= Sergeant sq= square Sr.= Senior St.= Saint; Street uninc.= unincorporated Univ.= University vol.= volume(s) vs.= versus W= west; watt(s) wt.= weight yd= yard(s) VIT TT TRONG MAIL aamof = as a matter of fact

afaict = as far as I can tell aiui = as I understand it atb = all the best bbfn = bye bye for now bbiam = be back in a minute bbl = be back later btaicbw = but then again I could be wrong bttp = back to the point cmiiw = correct me if I'm wrong cwyl = chat with you later damhik = don't ask me how I know dtrt = do the right thing dttah = don't try this at home ducwic = do you see what I see? dwisnwid = do what I say not what I do ftbomh = from the bottom of my heart fya = for your amusement fyi = for your information gfn = gone for now gg = got to go gl = good luck gtg = got to go gtgn = got to go now hhok = ha ha only kidding hoas = hold on a second hth = hope this helps iccl = I couldn't care less ikwum = I know what you mean iykwim = if you know what I mean iyswim = if you see what I mean nmp = not my problem noyb = none of your business tafn = that's all for now tc = take care tia = thanks in advance

tlc = tender loving care tmiktliu = the more I know the less I understand ttbomk = to the best of my knowledge ttul = talk to you later ttyl = talk to you later twimc = to whom it may concern vh = virtual hug wdymbt = what do you mean by that? yhbw = you have been warned Gii t accuse of : buc ti ai v ci g approve of : tn thnh ci g assure of : m bo v ci g beware of : coi chng ci g boast of : khoe ci g complaint of : phn nn consist of : bao gm convince of ( about ) : thuyt phc cure of : cha tr despair of : tht vng dream of ( about ) : m excuse of ( for ) : tha li expect of ( from ) : mong i hear of ( from ) : nghe ni n be ( get ) rid of : tng kh smell of : c mi suspeet smb of : nghi ng think of : ngh v tire of : chn warn smb of : cnh bo borrow from : mn ai ci g defend from : bo v demand from : i hi ai

differ from : khc vi dismiss from : xa thi khi draw from : rt tin emerge from : ni ln, xut hin 1 vn eseape from : trn thot hinder from : cn tr prevent from : ngn chn prohibit from : cm protect from : bo v receive from : nhn t separate from : ngn cch suffer from : chu ng believe in : tin delight in : thch employ in : lm thu encourage in : ng vin engage in : bn experience in : kinh nghim fail in : tht bi help in : gip include in : bao gm indulge in : am m instruct in : dy invest in : u t involve in : tham gia persist in : kin tr - Out of =ra khi Out of date = ht hn Out of work = tht nghip Out of question = Out of order = hng Out ofinto = vo - By

ng t ch chuyn ng + by = i ngang qua (walk by the library) ng t tnh + by = gn (your books are by the window) by + thi gian c th = trc lc, cho n lc (hnh ng cho n lc phi xy ra) by + phng tin giao thng = i bng (by bus, by bicycle) by then = cho n lc (dng cho c QK v TL) by way of= theo ng... by the way = mt cch tnh c, ngu nhin by the way = by the by = nhn y, nhn tin by far + so snh (thng l so snh bc nht)=>dng nhn mnh by accident = by mistake = tnh c, ngu nhin - In = bn trong In + month/year In time for = In good time for = ng gi (thng kp lm g, hi sm hn gi nh mt cht) In the street = di lng ng In the morning/ afternoon/ evening In the past/future = trc kia, trong qu kh/ trong tng lai In future = from now on = t nay tr i In the begining/ end = at first/ last = thot u/ rt cuc In the way = ngang li, chn li Once in a while = i khi, thnh thong In no time at all = trong nhy mt, mt thong In the mean time = meanwhile = cng lc In the middle of (a im)= gia In the army/ airforce/ navy In + the + STT + row = hng th... In the event that = trong trng hp m In case = phng khi, ng nh Get/ be in touch/ contact with Sb = lin lc, tip xc vi ai - On = trn b mt: On + th trong tun/ ngy trong thng On + a/the + phng tin giao thng = trn chuyn/ ln

chuyn... On + ph = a ch... (nh B.E : in + ph) On the + STT + floor = tng th... On time = va ng gi (bt chp iu kin bn ngoi, ngha mnh hn in time) On the corner of = gc ph (gia hai ph) Ch : In the corner = gc trong At the corner = gc ngoi/ ti gc ph On the sidewalk = pavement = trn va h Ch : On the pavement (A.E.)= trn mt ng nha (Don't brake quickly on the pavement or you can slice into another car) On the way to: trn ng n ... - At = ti At + s nh At + thi gian c th At home/ school/ work: nh, trng, ch lm vic. At night/noon (A.E : at noon = at twelve = gia tra (she was invited to the party at noon, but she was 15 minutes late) At least = ch t, ti thiu, most =" ti", once ="ngay", moment = "now". Mt s cc thnh ng dng vi gii t On the beach: trn b bin Along the beach: dc theo b bin In place of = Instead of: thay cho, thay v. For the most part: chnh l, ch yu l = mainly. In hope of + V-ing = Hoping to + V = Hoping that + sentence = vi hi vng l. off and on: dai dng, ti hi

all of a sudden= suddenly = bng nhin for good = forever: vnh vin, mi mi. On behalf of = thay mt...

accuse of : buc ti ai v ci g approve of : tn thnh ci g assure of : m bo v ci g beware of : coi chng ci g boast of : khoe ci g complaint of : phn nn consist of : bao gm convince of ( about ) : thuyt phc cure of : cha tr despair of : tht vng dream of ( about ) : m excuse of ( for ) : tha li expect of ( from ) : mong i hear of ( from ) : nghe ni n be ( get ) rid of : tng kh smell of : c mi suspeet smb of : nghi ng think of : ngh v tire of : chn warn smb of : cnh bo borrow from : mn ai ci g defend from : bo v demand from : i hi ai differ from : khc vi dismiss from : xa thi khi draw from : rt tin emerge from : ni ln, xut hin 1 vn eseape from : trn thot hinder from : cn tr prevent from : ngn chn

prohibit from : cm protect from : bo v receive from : nhn t separate from : ngn cch suffer from : chu ng believe in : tin delight in : thch employ in : lm thu encourage in : ng vin engage in : bn experience in : kinh nghim fail in : tht bi help in : gip include in : bao gm indulge in : am m instruct in : dy invest in : u t involve in : tham gia persist in : kin tr - Out of =ra khi Out of date = ht hn Out of work = tht nghip Out of question = Out of order = hng Out ofinto = vo - By ng t ch chuyn ng + by = i ngang qua (walk by the library) ng t tnh + by = gn (your books are by the window) by + thi gian c th = trc lc, cho n lc (hnh ng cho n lc phi xy ra) by + phng tin giao thng = i bng (by bus, by bicycle) by then = cho n lc (dng cho c QK v TL) by way of= theo ng...

by the way = mt cch tnh c, ngu nhin by the way = by the by = nhn y, nhn tin by far + so snh (thng l so snh bc nht)=>dng nhn mnh by accident = by mistake = tnh c, ngu nhin - In = bn trong In + month/year In time for = In good time for = ng gi (thng kp lm g, hi sm hn gi nh mt cht) In the street = di lng ng In the morning/ afternoon/ evening In the past/future = trc kia, trong qu kh/ trong tng lai In future = from now on = t nay tr i In the begining/ end = at first/ last = thot u/ rt cuc In the way = ngang li, chn li Once in a while = i khi, thnh thong In no time at all = trong nhy mt, mt thong In the mean time = meanwhile = cng lc In the middle of (a im)= gia In the army/ airforce/ navy In + the + STT + row = hng th... In the event that = trong trng hp m In case = phng khi, ng nh Get/ be in touch/ contact with Sb = lin lc, tip xc vi ai - On = trn b mt: On + th trong tun/ ngy trong thng On + a/the + phng tin giao thng = trn chuyn/ ln chuyn... On + ph = a ch... (nh B.E : in + ph) On the + STT + floor = tng th... On time = va ng gi (bt chp iu kin bn ngoi, ngha mnh hn in time) On the corner of = gc ph (gia hai ph)

Ch : In the corner = gc trong At the corner = gc ngoi/ ti gc ph On the sidewalk = pavement = trn va h Ch : On the pavement (A.E.)= trn mt ng nha (Don't brake quickly on the pavement or you can slice into another car) On the way to: trn ng n ... - At = ti At + s nh At + thi gian c th At home/ school/ work: nh, trng, ch lm vic. At night/noon (A.E : at noon = at twelve = gia tra (she was invited to the party at noon, but she was 15 minutes late) At least = ch t, ti thiu, most =" ti", once ="ngay", moment = "now". Mt s cc thnh ng dng vi gii t On the beach: trn b bin Along the beach: dc theo b bin In place of = Instead of: thay cho, thay v. For the most part: chnh l, ch yu l = mainly. In hope of + V-ing = Hoping to + V = Hoping that + sentence = vi hi vng l. off and on: dai dng, ti hi all of a sudden= suddenly = bng nhin for good = forever: vnh vin, mi mi. On behalf of = thay mt... Tags: learning english , vocabulary

1. mother: ngi m, tnh mu t 2. passion: tnh cm, cm xc 3. smile: n ci thn thin 4. love: tnh yu 5. eternity: s bt dit, vnh cu 6. fantastic: xut sc, tuyt vi 7. destiny: s phn, nh mnh 8. freedom: s t do 9. liberty: quyn t do 10. tranquility: s bnh yn 11. peace: s ho bnh 12. blossom: s ha hn, trin vng 13. sunshine: nh nng, s hn hoan 14. sweetheart: ngi yu du 15. gorgeous: lng ly, huy hong 16. cherish: yu thng 17. enthusiasm: s hng hi, nhit tnh 18. hope: s hy vng 19. grace: s duyn dng 20. rainbow: cu vng, s may mn 21. blue: mu thin thanh 22. sunflower: hoa hng dng 23. twinkle: s long lanh 24. serendipity: s tnh c, may mn 25. bliss: nim vui sng v b 26. lullaby: bi ht ru con, s d dnh 27. sophisticated: s tinh vi 28. renaissance: s phc hng 29. cute: xinh xn ng yu 30. cosy: m cng 31. butterfly: bm bm, s kiu sa Tags: learning english , vocabulary Vocabulary: Tn cc loi hoa

Hoa bm : Pansy Hoa bt t : Immortetle Hoa cm chng : Carnation Hoa cc : Chrysanthemum Hoa dm bt : Hibiscus Hoa s : Fragipane Hoa o : Each blossom Hoa ng tin : Gerbera Hoa giy : Bougainvillia Hoa hu (ta) : Tuberose Hoa hi ng : Thea amplexicaulis Hoa hng dng : Helianthus Hoa he : Sophora japonica Hoa hng : Rose Hoa thin l : Pergularia minor Andr. Hoa phong lan : Orchid Hoa lay-n : Gladiolus Hoa loa kn : Lily Hoa mai : Apricot blossom Hoa mo g : Celosia cristata Lin Hoa mu n : Peony Hoa mm ch : snapdragon Hoa nhi : Jasmine Hoa phng : Flame flower Hoa ma (sim) : Myrtly Hoa mua : Melastoma Hoa qunh : Phyllo cactus grandis Hoa sen : Lotus Hoa sng : Nenuphar Hoa tm xun: Eglantine Hoa thy tin : Narcissus Hoa thc dc: Dahlia Hoa tm : Violet Hoa vn th : Tagetes paluta L. -hoa loa kn(lily)

-hoa hu tywhite-taberose) -hoa cc(daisy) -hoa d quyn( water-rail) -hoa tr( camelia ) -hoa thu tin(narcissus) -hoa thc dc(dahlia) -hoa thch tho(heath-bell) -hoa lay n (glaliolus) -cc vn th(marrigold) -hoa lan(orchild) -hoa nhi(jasmine) -hoa violet(violet) Tags: learning english , vocabulary